Bibliographies: 'Hospital de S. Lázaro (Mexico City, Mexico)'

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IONESCU, Lavinel G. "XORGE ALEJANDRO DOMINGUES MEXICO S FOREMOST ORGANIC CHEMIST." SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2, no. 2 (December 20, 1994): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.v2.n2.1994.4_1994.pdf.

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Xorge Alejandro Dominguez, Mexico s Foremost Organic Chemist, was born in Orizaba, State of Veracruz, Mexico on November 12, 1926, and died of a heart attack in Mexico City on May 26, 1991, only hours after he had been awarded by President Carlos Salinas de Gortari Lázaro Cárdenas Medal for his contributions and dedication to the scientific advancement of Mexico.

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Arreguín-González, Indira Judith, Farina Esther Arreguín-González, Andrea López-Soule, Delfino Eduardo Ordaz-Velázquez, and Juan Miguel Salgado-Ramírez. "Bullying in pediatric cancer patients in a third level hospital in Mexico city." Journal of Neurology & Stroke 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jnsk.2020.11.00445.

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Aim: Determine if childhood cancer patients suffer bullying and identify its causes Compare what patients say about bullying, when they are alone versus presence of their parents. Method: We studied 47 childhood cancer patients ages varied between 5 and 17 years old. With previous parental authorization we applied a questionnaire called “That´s how we hang out at school” in two moments, first one in presence of their parents, and the second one without them. Results: Scholar childhood cancer survivors suffer bullying in 89.4%, in contrast with 25.8% of children without cancer suffered bullying according to literature. Secquelae and alopecia were the main causes for bullying, also teacher´s and Student´s lack of knowledge thinking that cancer is contagious. We also observed that children accepted being bullied in presence of the doctor, but not in front of their parents. Conclusion: Childhood cancer patients are more harassed than children without cancer due to secqueale, atipya or consumption that they present, also, fear of contagion enhances harassment and lack of teacher´s intervention. Children deny being bullied in front of their parents, but accept it without them.

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Arreguín-González, Indira Judith, Farina Esther Arreguín-González, Andrea López-Soule, Delfino Eduardo Ordaz-Velázquez, and Juan Miguel Salgado-Ramírez. "Bullying in pediatric cancer patients in a third level hospital in Mexico city." Journal of Neurology & Stroke 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jnsk.2021.11.00445.

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Aim: Determine if childhood cancer patients suffer bullying and identify its causes Compare what patients say about bullying, when they are alone versus presence of their parents. Method: We studied 47 childhood cancer patients ages varied between 5 and 17 years old. With previous parental authorization we applied a questionnaire called “That´s how we hang out at school” in two moments, first one in presence of their parents, and the second one without them. Results: Scholar childhood cancer survivors suffer bullying in 89.4%, in contrast with 25.8% of children without cancer suffered bullying according to literature. Secquelae and alopecia were the main causes for bullying, also teacher´s and Student´s lack of knowledge thinking that cancer is contagious. We also observed that children accepted being bullied in presence of the doctor, but not in front of their parents. Conclusion: Childhood cancer patients are more harassed than children without cancer due to secqueale, atipya or consumption that they present, also, fear of contagion enhances harassment and lack of teacher´s intervention. Children deny being bullied in front of their parents, but accept it without them.

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Rosado-Rosado, David Abraham, Rafael Arias-Flores, José Guillermo Vázquez-Rosales, Roberto Joaquín Robles-Ramírez, Rodolfo Del Campo-Ortega, and Ivan de Jesus Ascencio-Montiel. "Antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic consumption in a third level pediatric hospital in Mexico City." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 15, no. 04 (April 30, 2021): 573–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12646.

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Introduction: The increasing resistance to antibiotics is a public health problem and an imminent therapeutic challenge in hospitals. In this report we aimed to analyze the relationship between antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic consumption in a third-level pediatric hospital. Methodology: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the information from the microbiology and pharmacy databases of the Pediatric Hospital “Doctor Silvestre Frenk Freund”, during the period 2015-2018. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance by microorganisms and dispensed grams of selected antibiotics were calculated annually. Antibiotic resistance trend over the time was evaluated using the Chi-square trends test and to assess the correlation between the dispensed grams of antibiotics with their antimicrobial resistance prevalence, we calculated the Pearson's coefficient (r). Results: A total of 4,327 isolated bacterial samples were analyzed (56.5% Gram-positive and 44.5% Gram-negative). Most frequently isolated microorganisms were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. We found a significant increase in resistance to clindamycin and oxacillin for CoNS and significant decrease in nitrofurantoin and amikacin resistance for E. coli and K. pneumoniae. We observed a strong positive and statistically significant correlation between amikacin resistance prevalence and amikacin dispensed grams for P. aeruginosa (r = 0.95, p = 0.05). Conclusions: The antibiotic resistance profile showed by our study highlights the need of an appropriate antibiotic control use in the Hospital setting.

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Aguilar, Nancy, Alejandra Aquino, Guillermo Vázquez, Jocelin Mérida, Oscar Isunza-Alonso, Oscar Tamez, and Agustín de Colsa. "#82: Osteomyelitis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Producing Staphylococcus aureus Strains, Experience in a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in Mexico City." Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 10, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2021): S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaa170.026.

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Abstract Background S. aureus is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in children. Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) is an exotoxin produced by certain S. aureus strains, which can be detected in both methicillin-sensitive and -resistant strains of staphylococci. Pediatric osteomyelitis by PVL producing S. aureus constitute a rare, but highly critical event. They are characterized by a rapid course of marked inflammation, worsening under conservative therapy, and a high rate of recurrence. No information is available on osteomyelitis and Panton-Valentine leukocidin producing S. aureus in Mexico. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the molecular characterization of S. aureus strains isolated in pediatric patients with osteomyelitis and their clinical features in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. Methods We conducted a prospective study of children admitted for osteomyelitis, between December 2018 and November 2019, at Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. We obtained an informed consent in children under 12 years of age and an informed assent in children over 12. The confirmation of the S. aureus isolates was performed by amplification and analysis of 16S rRNA and nuc genes. The mecA and pvl genes were detected by PCR, the clinical features were obtained at the admission. Results Fifty patients were included and 26 cases of osteomyelitis were diagnosed, 13 were due to staphylococcus aureus genus and 6 due to S. aureus; all of them were methicillin susceptible and two were PVL producers. Both patients had a severe initial presentation, with extensive local abscesses, and one required three surgical procedures and developed septic pulmonary embolism. The two patients received double antimicrobial treatment and required a long therapy interval. Conclusions Osteomyelitis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin producing S. aureus seems to be more severe. In patients with severe osteomyelitis, it is essential to detect the PVL toxin because they require early surgical intervention and prolonged intravenous therapy. Our findings suggest that the severity of the osteomyelitis is linked with PVL production more than with methicillin resistance due to that all our isolates were methicillin susceptible.

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Juarez Villegas, Luis, Marta Zapata-Tarres, and Pablo Lezama del Valle. "Treatment results of children with neuroblastoma in Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 10059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.10059.

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10059 Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the main extracraneal cancer in children. Progress in survival has not been the same as in other neoplasms despite molecular markers research and new drugs. Our aim was to describe low and high risk patients at Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (HIMFG) and their results. Methods: We included children from 0 to 18 years con NB diagnosed at HIMFG between january, 2002 and december 2011. We perform a retrospective, retrolective and descriptive study analyzing demographic variables and survival with Kaplan Meier. Results: 64 consecutive patients were included. 73.4% had metastasis at diagnosis (bone marrow 23.4%, liver 18.8%, bone 17.2%, 4.7% central nervous system, 9.4% other). 87.5% of patients received neoadyuvant chemotherapy. Patients were treated with POG 8104 y 8441. Global survival of patients with E4 stage was 50% at 120 months, with E3 of 76.5% at 110 months; stage 1, 2 patient´s survival was 4S 100% at120 months. Conclusions: At HIMFG, in Mexico City, 75% of patients with NB arrive with metastatic disease. Clinical prognosis factors are still current in development countries. Our results are similar as in developed countries suggesting that with low resources, we can obtain satisfactory results only with clinical evaluation.

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Tovar-Guzmán, Víctor, Carlos Hernández-Girón, Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce, Isabelle Romieu, and Mauricio Hernández Avila. "Breast cancer in Mexican women: an epidemiological study with cervical cancer control." Revista de Saúde Pública 34, no. 2 (April 2000): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102000000200003.

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INTRODUCTION: In Mexico, breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer deaths in women, with increasing incidence and mortality in recent years. Therefore, the aim of the study is identify possible risk factors related to BC. METHODS: An epidemiological study of hospital cases of BC and controls with cervical uterine cancer (CUCA) was carried out at eight third level concentration hospitals in Mexico City. The total of 353 incident cases of BC and 630 controls with CUCA were identified among women younger than 75 years who had been residents of the metropolitan area of Mexico City for at least one year. Diagnosis was confirmed histologically in both groups. Variables were analyzed according to biological and statistical plausibility criteria. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out. Cases and controls were stratified according to the menopausal hormonal status (pre and post menopause). RESULTS: The factors associated with BC were: higher socioeconomic level (OR= 2.77; 95%CI = 1.77 - 4.35); early menarche (OR= 1.32; 95%CI= 0.88 - 2.00); old age at first pregnancy (>31 years: OR= 5.49; 95%CI= 2.16 - 13.98) and a family history of BC (OR= 4.76; 95% CI= 2.10 - 10.79). In contrast, an increase in the duration of the breastfeeding period was a protective factor (>25 months: OR= 0.38; 95%CI= 0.20 - 0.70). CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to the identification of risk factors for BC described in the international literature, in the population of Mexican women. Breastfeeding appears to play an important role in protecting women from BC. Because of changes in women`s lifestyles, lactation is decreasing in Mexico, and young women tend not to breastfeed or to shorten the duration of lactation.

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Díaz-Castro, L., M. Márquez-Caraveo, H. Cornú-Rojas, M. Martínez Jaimes, M. García-Andrade, and H. Cabello-Rangel. "Children’s mental health needs and access to specialized services in Mexico." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S87—S88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.259.

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IntroductionThe prevalence of mental disorders (MD) is greater in children; however, they are the population with less help-seeking and access to mental health-care services (MHS).ObjectivesTo explore the characteristics of help-seeking and access to specialized MHS in children with MD.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out from 2018 to 2019, in the Children’s Psychiatric Hospital and National Institute of Psychiatry in Mexico City. Sample 397 children and 397 caregivers. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of both institutions. The patient’s family member was questioned on sociodemographic data and help-seeking to MHS. Sample’s descriptive statistics applying measures of central tendency, Inferential statistics with t-test for differences in means between groups (diagnosis), and one-way ANOVA to variables associated with the help-seeking to MHS.ResultsChildren´s sample: 37% female, average age 12 years (SD± 3.6), 51% had diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorder (HD), 34% depressive disorder (DD). The children´s age at the time of seeking healthcare was different according to the diagnosis: DD 10.1 (SD ± 4.5) and HD 6.95 (SD ± 3.4), (T = -3.18, p = 0.000); and by sex: girls 10.9 (SD ± 4.5), boys 7.85 (SD ± 4.0); (T = -3.07, p = 0.000). The mother was the first person to notice the symptoms.ConclusionsThe search for MHS differs by sex, diagnosis and family history; it is necessary to design mental health interventions considering gender-based differences, namely, to integrate a gender perspective.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

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Chavarri Guerra, Yanin, Wendy Alicia Ramos-Lopez, Sofía Sánchez-Román, Paulina Quiroz, Alfredo Covarrubias-Gómez, Natasha Alcocer, Andrea Morales Alfaro, et al. "Advance directives among patients with advanced cancer in Mexico." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2022): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.28_suppl.186.

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186 Background: Completion of advance directives can help to ensure consistency with people´s preferences at the end of life. However, disparities in access to advance care planning is common among Hispanic population and little is known about their end-of life wishes. Although in Mexico, advance directives were legalized in 2008, only 21% of people know about it. Objective: To describe end-of-life wishes among patients with advanced cancer planning in a third level hospital in Mexico City. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of advance directives planning from patients with advanced cancer included in a multidisciplinary patient navigator-led supportive care program in Mexico City (Te Acompañamos). Patients with a life expectancy of 6 months or less were invited to complete advance directives (AD). Life expectancy was calculated using the palliative performance scale (PPS). Descriptive statistics were used for this analysis. Results: From September 2017 to November 2021, a total of 238 patients were invited to complete AD and 55 (23.1%) completed it, 14.5% in 2017, 29% in 2018, 34.5% in 2019, 9% in 2020 and 12.7% in 2021. The mean age among those who completed AD was 65.8 years (range 38-91), 52.7% were women and 61.8% had gastrointestinal cancer. Forty-three (78.1%) patients stated their wish to die at home, 18.1% to have cardiopulmonary reanimation, 9% invasive mechanical ventilation, 24.4% tube feeding, 90.9% pain medications, 10.9% organ donation, 40% cremation, 38.1% a funeral and 50.9% a death ritual. At median follow up of 5 months (0-39), 43 (78.1%) patients have died, and their endo-of-life wishes were respected in 77.5 % of them concerning the place of death and in 96.7% regarding cardiopulmonary reanimation and invasive mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: In our patient navigator-led supportive program approximately a quarter of patients with advanced cancer and a life expectancy of 6 month or less completed AD and end-of-life wishes were respected in a significant proportion of them. Telemedicine methods used to invite patients during COVID-19 pandemic decreased the proportion of AD completion. Although, advanced care planning is associated with improved in quality of care at the end of life, several barriers and disparities exist among Hispanics and strategies to improve their completion are needed.

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Castañeda-Méndez, Paulo, Maria Lorena Cabrera-Ruiz, Armando Barragán-Reyes, Esperanza Aleman Aguilar, Brenda Aceves Sanchez, Maria Fernanda Ruiz Salgado, Maria Jose Ribe Viesca, et al. "388. Epidemiologic and Microbiologic Characteristics of Hospital-acquired Infections in Patients with COVID-19 at Intensive Care Unit, Mexico City." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.589.

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Abstract Background Patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection are at high risk of complications due to the intensive care unit stay. Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) are one of the most common complication and cause of death in this group of patients, it is important to know the epidemiology and microbiology of this hospital-acquired infections in order to begin to the patients a proper empirical treatment. We describe the epidemiologic and microbiologic characteristics of HAI in patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at intensive care unit (ICU) in a tertiary level private hospital in Mexico City. Methods From April to December 2020, data from all HAIs in patients with severe pneumonia due to SARS-CoV-2 infection with mechanical ventilation at ICU were obtained. The type of infection, microorganisms and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined. Results A total of 61 episodes of HAIs were obtained, the most common was ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in 52.4% (n=32) followed by urinary tract infection (UTI) 34.4%(n=21) and bloodstream infection (BSI) 9.84% (n=6). Only two episodes corresponded to C. difficile associated diarrhea. We identified 82 different microorganisms, the most frequent cause of VAP was P. aeruginosa 22% (10/45) followed by K. pneumoniae 20% (9/45); for UTI, E. coli 28.5% (6/21), and S. marcescens 19% (4/21); for BSI the most frequent microorganism was S. aureus 28.5 (2/7). Regarding the antimicrobial susceptibility patters the most common were Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Gram-negative rods followed by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion In patients with severe COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU the most frequent HAIs were VAP and UTI caused by P. aeruginosa and E. coli respectively. ESBL enterobacteriaceae was the most common resistant pattern identifed in the bacterial isolations in our series. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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