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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hormone receptors

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Academic literature on the topic 'Hormone receptors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Hormone receptors"

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Althumairy, Duaa, Xiaoping Zhang, Nicholas Baez, George Barisas, Deborah A. Roess, George R. Bousfield, and Debbie C. Crans. "Glycoprotein G-protein Coupled Receptors in Disease: Luteinizing Hormone Receptors and Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptors." Diseases 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases8030035.

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Signal transduction by luteinizing hormone receptors (LHRs) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptors (FSHRs) is essential for the successful reproduction of human beings. Both receptors and the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor are members of a subset of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) described as the glycoprotein hormone receptors. Their ligands, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and a structurally related hormone produced in pregnancy, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), are large protein hormones that are extensively glycosylated. Although the primary physiologic functions of these receptors are in ovarian function and maintenance of pregnancy in human females and spermatogenesis in males, there are reports of LHRs or FSHRs involvement in disease processes both in the reproductive system and elsewhere. In this review, we evaluate the aggregation state of the structure of actively signaling LHRs or FSHRs, their functions in reproduction as well as summarizing disease processes related to receptor mutations affecting receptor function or expression in reproductive and non-reproductive tissues. We will also present novel strategies for either increasing or reducing the activity of LHRs signaling. Such approaches to modify signaling by glycoprotein receptors may prove advantageous in treating diseases relating to LHRs or FSHRs function in addition to furthering the identification of new strategies for modulating GPCR signaling.

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G, Csaba. "Environmental Pollution and Non-Perinatal Faulty Hormonal Imprinting: A Critical Review." Integrative Pediatrics and Child Care 1, no. 1 (November 13, 2018): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18314/ipcc.v1i1.1419.

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The perinatal hormonal imprinting takes place perinatally, when the developing hormone receptors meet the hormones of the newborn and this suits the normal receptor-hormone connections for life. In this period the developmental window for imprinting is open and the receptors can be cheated by hormone-related exogeneous molecules, provoking faulty hormonal imprinting with lifelong consequences, as alteration of receptor binding capacity and hormone production, functional changes, altered sexual behavior, immunological alterations and inclination to or manifestation of diseases. However, there are other critical periods of life, when the window is open, as weaning, adolescence, regeneration in adults as well, as in continously dividing cells. The most sensitive non-perinatal critical period is the adolescence. In these periods hormone-like endocrine disruptors (e.g. bisphenol A, benzpyrene, pesticides and herbicides, soy isoflavones, medically used synthetic hormones etc) are provoking faulty hormonal imprinting with lifelong consequences. The hormonal imprinting is an epigenetic process, which is inherited to the progeny cells of the organism and to the offspring of the organism, by which it can chip in the evolution. The non-perinatal faulty hormonal imprinting is justified in animal experiments and seems to be likely in case of survivors of childhood cancer treatment. Similar to the faulty perinatal hormonal imprinting, the late (non-perinatal) faulty imprinting can participate in the provocation of later manifested diseases.

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Gomaa, Ihab Adel, Ahmed Sabry, Ihab Serag El-Din Allam, Sherif Ashoush, and Ahmed Reda. "Endometrial Progesterone and Estrogen Receptors in Relation to Hormonal Levels in Women with Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 45, no. 11 (November 2023): e676-e682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1776030.

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Abstract Objective Recurrent miscarriage has been linked to hormonal disturbance due to dysregulation of its receptors rather than to the availability of the hormone. We aimed to investigate endometrial expression of progesterone and estrogen receptors in relation to serum and endometrial hormonal levels in unexplained recurrent miscarriage. Methods The present case control study included 20 cases with unexplained recurrent miscarriage and 20 parous women as controls. Ovulation was confirmed using an ovulation kit and 10 to 12 days after detecting the urinary luteinizing hormone surge, all women were subjected to a blood sample and to an endometrial biopsy. Progesterone and estrogen levels were measured in serum and in endometrial tissue and receptor concentrations were in the endometrial sample. Results Women with recurrent miscarriage showed significantly lower concentration of receptors in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of endometrial tissue compared with controls. The nuclear/cytoplasm ratio of progesterone receptor was significantly higher in cases compared with controls, implicating that recurrent miscarriage is probably linked to nongenomic activity of the hormone; this was also significant for estrogen receptor. Serum progesterone and estrogen hormonal levels were comparable between groups while both hormones were significantly reduced in the endometrium of recurrent miscarriage cases. Receptors significantly correlated with endometrial hormonal level but not to serum level. Conclusion Recurrent miscarriage might be linked to reduced endometrial progesterone and estrogen receptors and appears to be more related to nongenomic activity of progesterone. Endometrial receptors expression correlates to tissue hormonal level rather than to serum hormonal level.

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Kovács, P., Y. Nozawa, and G. Csaba. "Induction of hormone receptor formation in the unicellular tetrahymena." Bioscience Reports 9, no. 1 (February 1, 1989): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01117514.

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Studies based on treatment with antibodies to thyrotropic hormone, luteotropic hormone, growth hormone or adrenocorticotropic hormone have shown that although the unicellular Tetrahymena does not possess sui generis receptors to all polypeptide hormones, such binding structures may arise, or become established in the membrane of the unicellular Tetrahymena in the presence of exogenous hormone. The Tetrahymena subjected to hormonal imprinting still contained an increased amount of hormone after six generation changes, which suggested that either hormone production had been induced by treatment, or the internalized hormone had not been degraded intracellularly. Thus the role of hormonal imprinting in receptor formation has also been substantiated by the immunocytochemical approach used in the present study.

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Tedeschi, Lorena, Cristina Vassalle, Giorgio Iervasi, and Laura Sabatino. "Main Factors Involved in Thyroid Hormone Action." Molecules 26, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 7337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237337.

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The thyroid hormone receptors are the mediators of a multitude of actions by the thyroid hormones in cells. Most thyroid hormone activities require interaction with nuclear receptors to bind DNA and regulate the expression of target genes. In addition to genomic regulation, thyroid hormones function via activation of specific cytosolic pathways, bypassing interaction with nuclear DNA. In the present work, we reviewed the most recent literature on the characteristics and roles of different factors involved in thyroid hormone function in particular, we discuss the genomic activity of thyroid hormone receptors in the nucleus and the functions of different thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in the cytosol. Furthermore, we describe the integrin αvβ3-mediated thyroid hormone signaling pathway and its rapid nongenomic action in the cell. We furthermore reviewed the thyroid hormone transporters enabling the uptake of thyroid hormones in the cell, and we also include a paragraph on the proteins that mediate thyroid receptors’ shuttling from the nucleus to the cytosol.

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Schulman, I. G., H. Juguilon, and R. M. Evans. "Activation and repression by nuclear hormone receptors: hormone modulates an equilibrium between active and repressive states." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 7 (July 1996): 3807–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.7.3807.

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Transactivation-defective retinoid X and thyroid hormone receptors have been used to examine mechanisms of hormonal activation. Activation and repression of transcription by retinoid X and thyroid hormone receptors are shown to be mediated by physically distinct and functionally independent regions of the hormone binding domain. Nevertheless, the ability of receptors to respond to hormone requires communication between both functional domains. Deletion of the hormone-dependent transactivation function of the retinoid X receptor, the common subunit of heterodimeric nuclear receptors, significantly impairs hormone-dependent transcription by retinoic acid, thyroid hormone, and vitamin D receptors. The results indicate that receptors do not exist in static off and on conformations but that hormone alters an equilibrium between inactive and active states.

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Zarazúa, Abraham, Aliesha González-Arenas, Gabriela Ramírez-Vélez, Blanca Bazán-Perkins, Christian Guerra-Araiza, and María G. Campos-Lara. "Sexual Dimorphism in the Regulation of Estrogen, Progesterone, and Androgen Receptors by Sex Steroids in the Rat Airway Smooth Muscle Cells." International Journal of Endocrinology 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8423192.

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The role of sex hormones in lung is known. The three main sex steroid receptors, estrogen, progesterone, and androgen, have not been sufficiently studied in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC), and the sex hormone regulation on these receptors is unknown. We examined the presence and regulation of sex hormone receptors in female and male rat ASMC by Western blotting and flow cytometry. Gonadectomized rats were treated with 17β-estradiol, progesterone, 17β-estradiol + progesterone, or testosterone. ASMC were enzymatically isolated from tracheas and bronchi. The experiments were performed with double staining flow cytometry (anti-α-actin smooth muscle and antibodies to each hormone receptor). ERα, ERβ, tPR, and AR were detected in females or males. ERαwas upregulated by E2 and T and downregulated by P4 in females; in males, ERαwas downregulated by P4, E + P, and T. ERβwas downregulated by each treatment in females, and only by E + P and T in males. tPR was downregulated by P4, E + P, and T in females. No hormonal regulation was observed in male receptors. AR was downregulated in males treated with E + P and T. We have shown the occurrence of sex hormone receptors in ASMC and their regulation by the sex hormones in female and male rats.

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BLAND, Rosemary. "Steroid hormone receptor expression and action in bone." Clinical Science 98, no. 2 (January 31, 2000): 217–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0980217.

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The skeleton is a complex tissue, and hormonal control of bone remodelling is elaborate. The important role that steroid hormones play in bone cell development and in the maintenance of normal bone architecture is well established, but it is only relatively recently that it has become possible to describe their precise mechanism of action. This review focuses not only on the steroid hormones (oestrogens, corticosteroids, androgens and progesterone), but also on related hormones (vitamin D, thyroid hormone and the retinoids), all of which act via structurally homologous nuclear receptors that form part of the steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily. By examining the actions of all of these hormones in vivo and in vitro, this review gives a general overview of the current understanding of steroid hormone action in bone. In addition, a comprehensive review of steroid hormone receptor expression in bone cells is included. Finally, the role that future developments, such as steroid hormone receptor knockout mice, will play in our understanding of steroid hormone action in bone is considered.

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Lin, B. C., S. H. Hong, S. Krig, S. M. Yoh, and M. L. Privalsky. "A conformational switch in nuclear hormone receptors is involved in coupling hormone binding to corepressor release." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 10 (October 1997): 6131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.10.6131.

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Nuclear hormone receptors are ligand-regulated transcription factors that modulate gene expression in response to small, hydrophobic hormones, such as retinoic acid and thyroid hormone. The thyroid hormone and retinoic acid receptors typically repress transcription in the absence of hormone and activate it in the presence of hormone. Transcriptional repression is mediated, in part, through the ability of these receptors to physically associate with ancillary polypeptides called corepressors. We wished to understand the mechanism by which corepressors are recruited to unliganded nuclear hormone receptors and are released on the binding of hormone. We report here that an alpha-helical domain located at the thyroid hormone receptor C terminus appears to undergo a hormone-induced conformational change required for release of corepressor and that amino acid substitutions that abrogate this conformational change can impair or prevent corepressor release. In contrast, retinoid X receptors appear neither to undergo an equivalent conformational alteration in their C termini nor to release corepressor in response to cognate hormone, consistent with the distinct transcriptional regulatory properties displayed by this class of receptors.

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Csaba, G. "Vitamin-caused faulty perinatal hormonal imprinting and its consequences in adult age." Physiology International 104, no. 3 (September 2017): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2060.104.2017.3.5.

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Lipid-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, and K) are actually hormones (exohormones), as they can be directly bound by hormone receptors or are in connection with molecules, which influence hormone receptors. Vitamin D is a transition between endo- and exohormones and the possibility of similar situation in case of other lipid-soluble hormones is discussed. The perinatal exposition with these “vitamins” can cause faulty perinatal hormonal imprinting with similar consequences as the faulty imprinting by the synthetic endohormones, members of the same hormone family or industrial, communal, or medical endocrine disruptors. The faulty imprinting leads to late (lifelong) consequences with altered hormone binding by receptors, altered sexuality, brain function, immunity, bone development, and fractures, etc. In addition, as hormonal imprinting is an epigenetic process, the effect of a single exposure by fat-soluble vitamins is inherited to the progeny generations. As vitamins are handled differently from hormones; however, perinatal treatments take place frequently and sometimes it is forced, the negative late effect of faulty perinatal vitamin-caused hormonal imprinting must be considered.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hormone receptors"

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Weaver, Richard Emyr. "Ligand-receptor interactions at the parathyroid hormone receptors." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531595.

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Göthe, Sten. "Life without thyroid hormone receptors /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-507-7/.

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Hussein, Mohamed Osman. "Hormonal modulation of Leydig cell membrane luteinizing hormone receptors /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487267024995937.

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Beeren, Hermina Catharina van. "Amiodarone and thyroid hormone receptors." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/71850.

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Ma, Chi-him Eddie. "Molecular studies of gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors and estrogen receptors in goldfish (Carassius auratus)." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4257531X.

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Lee, ChangWoo. "CIS- AND TRANS-ACTIVATION OF HORMONE RECEPTORS: THE LH RECEPTOR." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2003. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukybiol2003d00082/changwoo.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xix, 74p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-72).

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馬智謙 and Chi-him Eddie Ma. "Molecular studies of gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors and estrogen receptors in goldfish (Carassius auratus)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4257531X.

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Zheng, Jianfei. "Development of thyroid hormone receptor-targeting conjugates." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 130 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1833641661&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Nawaz, Zafar. "Molecular Mechanism of Action of Steroid Hormone Receptors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798398/.

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A novel bacterial expression system that is capable of producing high levels of soluble, stable, biologically active human vitamin D3 and estrogen receptors has been developed. The method utilizes ubiquitin fusion technology and a low temperature nalidixic acid induction of the lambda PL promoter. This system can produce large quantities of receptor antigen, but only a small fraction displays wild-type DNA and hormone binding properties. Therefore, the use of this system to overproduce receptors for crystallization studies is not practical. To overcome these problems, a 2 um based ubiquitin fusion system which allows regulated expression of the estrogen receptor in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was developed. This system produces the estrogen receptor to a level of 0.2% of the total soluble protein. Moreover, this protein is undegradable, soluble, and biologically active. To test the transcriptional activity of the estrogen receptor produced in yeast, a cis-trans transcription assay was developed. This assay revealed that the transcriptional activity of the human estrogen receptor expressed in yeast was similar to that observed in transfected mammalian cells. This reconstituted estrogen transcription unit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was utilized to examine the regulation of estrogen receptor functions by antiestrogens, to develop a random and rapid approach for identifying novel estrogen response elements, to characterize estrogen receptor variants cloned from human breast tumors, and to examine the effect of estrogen receptor on the regulation of osteocalcin gene.

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Hassan, A. Quamrul. "Molecular complementation of mutant thyroid hormone receptors that disrupt transactivation mechanism." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 9.11 Mb., 175 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3205433.

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Books on the topic "Hormone receptors"

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Baniahmad, Aria. Thyroid Hormone Receptors. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1592591744.

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Kalimi, M. Y., and J. R. Hubbard, eds. Peptide Hormone Receptors. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110850246.

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Klämbt, Dieter, ed. Plant Hormone Receptors. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72779-5.

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1939-, Kalimi M. Y., and Hubbard J. R. 1954-, eds. Peptide hormone receptors. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1987.

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1930-, Klämbt Dieter, ed. Plant hormone receptors. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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D, Cone Roger, ed. The melanocortin receptors. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 2000.

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Csaba, György, ed. Development of Hormone Receptors. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9291-9.

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György, Csaba, ed. Development of hormone receptors. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag, 1987.

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Aria, Baniahmad, ed. Thyroid hormone receptors: Methods and protocols. Totawa, N.J: Humana Press, 2002.

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1948-, Henderson David, ed. Steroid receptors and antihormones. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hormone receptors"

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Kleine, Bernhard, and Winfried G. Rossmanith. "Hormone Receptors." In Hormones and the Endocrine System, 247–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15060-4_8.

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VennstrÖM, BjÖRn, Hong Liu, and Douglas Forrest. "Thyroid Hormone Receptors." In Nuclear Receptors, 183–201. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3303-1_7.

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Cornett, Lawrence E. "Vasopressin Receptors." In Peptide Hormone Receptors, edited by M. Y. Kalimi and J. R. Hubbard, 437–80. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110850246-009.

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Kaplowitz, Paul B., and Steven D. Chernausek. "Somatomedin Receptors." In Peptide Hormone Receptors, edited by M. Y. Kalimi and J. R. Hubbard, 519–60. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110850246-011.

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Hubbard, John R. "Growth Hormone Receptors." In Peptide Hormone Receptors, edited by M. Y. Kalimi and J. R. Hubbard, 1–62. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110850246-002.

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Nissenson, R. A., and R. F. Klein. "Parathyroid Hormone Receptors." In Peptide Hormone Receptors, edited by M. Y. Kalimi and J. R. Hubbard, 481–518. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110850246-010.

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Morency, Michel A., and Ram K. Mishra. "Cholecytokinin (CCK) Receptors." In Peptide Hormone Receptors, edited by M. Y. Kalimi and J. R. Hubbard, 385–436. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110850246-008.

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Chen, Thomas T., and DeAnna Day Hatmaker. "LH/hCG Receptors." In Peptide Hormone Receptors, edited by M. Y. Kalimi and J. R. Hubbard, 561–614. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110850246-012.

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Downs Jr., Robert W. "The Calcitonin Receptors." In Peptide Hormone Receptors, edited by M. Y. Kalimi and J. R. Hubbard, 639–62. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110850246-014.

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Piedrafita, F. Javier, and Magnus Pfahl. "Thyroid Hormone Receptors." In Inducible Gene Expression, Volume 2, 157–85. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6837-3_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hormone receptors"

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Liu, Peiyi. "Sex Hormone and Sex Hormone Receptors Modulation of Exercise-induced Neurogenesis." In 2021 6th International Conference on Modern Management and Education Technology（MMET 2021）. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211011.099.

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Geronymo, Beatriz Baaklini, Filomena Marino Carvalho, Adriana Akemi Yoshimura, Juliana Zabukas de Andrade, Danúbia Ariana de Andrade, and Alfredo Carlos Simões Dornellas de Barros. "CORRELATION BETWEEN THE PRESENCE OF ANDROGENIC RECEPTORS AND MOLECULAR AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL VARIABLES IN BREAST CANCER." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1061.

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Introduction: The expression of androgenic receptors (AR) is a new predictive marker of response and prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma (BC). It emerges as a potential therapeutic target. Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of AR positivity and its correlation with molecular and histopathological parameters in infiltrative BC. Methods: Retrospective cohort study, analyzing 119 cases of non-metastatic invasive BC, seen at a private clinic. Hormonal receptors were screened by immunohistochemical reaction, and AR were considered positive when present in at least 10% of cells, ER and PR from 1%. This finding was correlated with pathological staging, histological grade (HG), vascular-lymphatic invasion (VLI), estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), HER2 and Ki 67. Results: AR were positive in 96 cases (80.6%). The correlation with the surveyed parameters can be seen in the table. Conclusions: AR positivity is associated with more differentiated hormone-dependent tumors and with a lower proliferation rate.

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Basu, Gargi D., Ariane Kemkes, Rebecca A. Feldman, David R. Arguello, Alan Wright, David Loesch, and Raheela Ashfaq. "Abstract 3152: Distribution of hormone receptors (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and androgen receptor) in epithelial malignancies." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-3152.

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Cirqueira, Magno Belém, Carolina Rodrigues Mendonça, Leonardo Ribeiro Soares, Maria Auxiliadora de Paula Carneiro Cysneiros, Régis Resende Paulinelli, Marise Amaral Rebouças Moreira, and Ruffo de Freitas-Junior. "PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN BREAST CANCER." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2036.

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Objective: To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in female invasive mammary carcinoma and to analyze the association of PD-L1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics, overall survival, and disease-free survival. Methodology: The expression of PD-L1 and its association with the main clinicopathological parameters have been evaluated in 232 cases. The Cox regression model was used to assess the possible association of PD-L1 expression with overall survival and disease-free survival. Results: A total of 58 cases (28.7%) were positive for PD-L1 expression. There is an association between PD-L1 expression with tumor size, negative hormone receptors, and triple-negative molecular subtype. Negative estrogen receptor and nodal status (≥10 positive lymph nodes) were associated with a reduction in overall survival, and the latter was associated with a lower disease-free survival. Luminal A tumor phenotype demonstrated a greater overall survival (p=0.042). Despite the significant association with unfavorable clinical and pathological characteristics in univariate and multivariate analyses, no significant correlation was observed between the expression of PD-L1 and overall or disease-free survival. Conclusions: Our data indicate that PD-L1 expression was associated with unfavorable clinical-pathological variables, such as greater tumor size, negative hormone receptors, and a greater number of metastatic nodes. No prognostic value was observed for the expression of PD-L1 in relation to overall survival or disease-free survival.

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Mazumdar, Abhijit, Ivan Uray, Beate Litzenburger, Yun Zhang, Jamal Hill, Nanjoo Suh, and Powel Brown. "Abstract ED05-01: Targeting nuclear hormone receptors for breast cancer prevention." In Abstracts: Twelfth Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; Oct 27-30, 2013; National Harbor, MD. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1940-6215.prev-13-ed05-01.

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Jerzak, Katarzyna J., Anita Bane, and Bindi Dhesy-Thind. "Abstract C184: Thyroid hormone receptors: Future targets for breast cancer therapy?." In Abstracts: AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics--Oct 19-23, 2013; Boston, MA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.targ-13-c184.

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McDonnell, Donald, Kimberly Cocce, Suzanne Wardell, and John Norris. "Abstract IA30: Targeting hormone receptors for degradation: Nuclear receptor downregulation as a therapeutic approach in cancer." In Abstracts: AACR Precision Medicine Series: Targeting the Vulnerabilities of Cancer; May 16-19, 2016; Miami, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.pmccavuln16-ia30.

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Lin, H., H.-C. Fu, Y.-C. Ou, C.-H. Wu, and H.-Y. Kang. "P140 The roles of sex hormone receptors and chemosensitivity in ovarian cancer." In ESGO Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-esgo.202.

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Noriega, Yamilet, Miguel Rivas, and Elizabeth Langley. "Abstract C56: Characterization of PinX1 as a coregulator of steroid hormone receptors." In Abstracts: Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research--Sep 14-18, 2011; San Francisco, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.fbcr11-c56.

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Grant, P. J., K. K. Hampton, P. G. Wiles, and C. R. M. Prentice. "THE EFFECTS OF VASOPRESSIN ON FIBRINOLYSIS AND FACTOR VIII ARE NOT MEDIATED THROUGH V2 RECEPTORS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644712.

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Vasopressin (aVP) mediates its effects on smooth muscle through V1 receptors and on the kidney via pharmacologically distinct V2 receptors. Infusions of aVP and its long acting synthetic analogue DDAVP both produce increases in factor VIII and fibrinolytic activity in man. V1 receptors are known not to mediate this effect, however it has been suggested that the FVIII response might be mediated by V2 receptors as patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus are reported to have no FVIII response to DDAVP. It remains unclear whether this is a true phenomenon or reflects tachyphylaxis to the high vasopressin levels found in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the pharmacological V2 receptor blocker lithium alters the effect of aVP infusions on FVIII and fibrinolysis in man. 4 control subjects and 6 patients taking long term lithium therapy (mean serum lithium 1.09 mmbl/l) were infused with 2.0 units aVP over 1 hour. Samples were collected for assay of aVP, euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) and FVIII coagulant activity (FVIIIC) before and at the end of infusion. In the control subjects median aVP rose from 0.5 to 83 pg/ml at the end of infusion. FVIIIC rose frcm 100 to 333% and plasminogen activator activity (PAA: 106 /ECLT) from 198 to 437 units. In the lithium treated group median aVP rose frcm 0.5 to 68 pg/ml at the end of infusion. FVIIIC rose from 100 to 263% and PAA from 102 to 453 units. There was a significant correlation between the plasma aVP and FVIIIC (r = 0.89 p < 0.005) and PAA (r = 0.92 p < 0.001) in the control group and the lithium treated group (FVIIIC r = 0.81 p < 0.002; PAA r = 0.69 p < 0.02). There was no significant difference between the rise in either FVIIIC or PAA in the lithium treated group compared with controls. These results do not support the hypothesis that the action of aVP on FVIII or fibrinolysis is mediated by V2 receptors. The effects of aVP on haemostasis may either be mediated directly through a third class of receptor or indirectly by the release of an intermediate hormone.

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Reports on the topic "Hormone receptors"

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Horwitz, Kathryn B. Hormone Resistance and Progesterone Receptors in Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375134.

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Rafaeli, Ada, and Russell Jurenka. Molecular Characterization of PBAN G-protein Coupled Receptors in Moth Pest Species: Design of Antagonists. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7593390.bard.

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The proposed research was directed at determining the activation/binding domains and gene regulation of the PBAN-R’s thereby providing information for the design and screening of potential PBAN-R-blockers and to indicate possible ways of preventing the process from proceeding to its completion. Our specific aims included: (1) The identification of the PBAN-R binding domain by a combination of: (a) in silico modeling studies for identifying specific amino-acid side chains that are likely to be involved in binding PBAN with the receptor and; (b) bioassays to verify the modeling studies using mutant receptors, cell lines and pheromone glands (at tissue and organism levels) against selected, designed compounds to confirm if compounds are agonists or antagonists. (2) The elucidation ofthemolecular regulationmechanisms of PBAN-R by:(a) age-dependence of gene expression; (b) the effect of hormones and; (c) PBAN-R characterization in male hair-pencil complexes. Background to the topic Insects have several closely related G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belonging to the pyrokinin/PBAN family, one with the ligand pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide or pyrokinin-2 and another with diapause hormone or pyrokinin-1 as a ligand. We were unable to identify the diapause hormone receptor from Helicoverpa zea despite considerable effort. A third, related receptor is activated by a product of the capa gene, periviscerokinins. The pyrokinin/PBAN family of GPCRs and their ligands has been identified in various insects, such as Drosophila, several moth species, mosquitoes, Triboliumcastaneum, Apis mellifera, Nasoniavitripennis, and Acyrthosiphon pisum. Physiological functions of pyrokinin peptides include muscle contraction, whereas PBAN regulates pheromone production in moths plus other functions indicating the pleiotropic nature of these ligands. Based on the alignment of annotated genomic sequences, the primary and secondary structures of the pyrokinin/PBAN family of receptors have similarity with the corresponding structures of the capa or periviscerokinin receptors of insects and the neuromedin U receptors found in vertebrates. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements Evolutionary trace analysisof receptor extracellular domains exhibited several class-specific amino acid residues, which could indicate putative domains for activation of these receptors by ligand recognition and binding. Through site-directed point mutations, the 3rd extracellular domain of PBAN-R was shown to be critical for ligand selection. We identified three receptors that belong to the PBAN family of GPCRs and a partial sequence for the periviscerokinin receptor from the European corn borer, Ostrinianubilalis. Functional expression studies confirmed that only the C-variant of the PBAN-R is active. We identified a non-peptide agonist that will activate the PBAN-receptor from H. zea. We determined that there is transcriptional control of the PBAN-R in two moth species during the development of the pupa to adult, and we demonstrated that this transcriptional regulation is independent of juvenile hormone biosynthesis. This transcriptional control also occurs in male hair-pencil gland complexes of both moth species indicating a regulatory role for PBAN in males. Ultimate confirmation for PBAN's function in the male tissue was revealed through knockdown of the PBAN-R using RNAi-mediated gene-silencing. Implications, both scientific and agricultural The identification of a non-peptide agonist can be exploited in the future for the design of additional compounds that will activate the receptor and to elucidate the binding properties of this receptor. The increase in expression levels of the PBAN-R transcript was delineated to occur at a critical period of 5 hours post-eclosion and its regulation can now be studied. The mysterious role of PBAN in the males was elucidated by using a combination of physiological, biochemical and molecular genetics techniques.

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Tammemagi, Carl M. Hormone Receptors in Breast Cancer Prognosis - Racial and Quantitative Effects. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431789.

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Tammemagi, Carl M. Hormone Receptors in Breast Cancer Prognosis - Racial and Quantitative Effects. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425960.

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Rafaeli, Ada, Russell Jurenka, and Chris Sander. Molecular characterisation of PBAN-receptors: a basis for the development and screening of antagonists against Pheromone biosynthesis in moth pest species. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695862.bard.

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The original objectives of the approved proposal included: (a) The determination of species- and tissue-specificity of the PBAN-R; (b) the elucidation of the role of juvenile hormone in gene regulation of the PBAN-R; (c) the identificationof the ligand binding domains in the PBAN-R and (d) the development of efficient screening assays in order to screen potential antagonists that will block the PBAN-R. Background to the topic: Moths constitute one of the major groups of pest insects in agriculture and their reproductive behavior is dependent on chemical communication. Sex-pheromone blends are utilised by a variety of moth species to attract conspecific mates. In most of the moth species sex-pheromone biosynthesis is under circadian control by the neurohormone, PBAN (pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide). In order to devise ideal strategies for mating disruption/prevention, we proposed to study the interactions between PBAN and its membrane-bound receptor in order to devise potential antagonists. Major conclusions: Within the framework of the planned objectives we have confirmed the similarities between the two Helicoverpa species: armigera and zea. Receptor sequences of the two Helicoverpa spp. are 98% identical with most changes taking place in the C-terminal. Our findings indicate that PBAN or PBAN-like receptors are also present in the neural tissues and may represent a neurotransmitter-like function for PBAN-like peptides. Surprisingly the gene encoding the PBAN-receptor was also present in the male homologous tissue, but it is absent at the protein level. The presence of the receptor (at the gene- and protein-levels), and the subsequent pheromonotropic activity are age-dependent and up-regulated by Juvenile Hormone in pharate females but down-regulated by Juvenile Hormone in adult females. Lower levels of pheromonotropic activity were observed when challenged with pyrokinin-like peptides than with HezPBAN as ligand. A model of the 3D structure of the receptor was created using the X-ray structure of rhodopsin as a template after sequence alignment of the HezPBAN-R with several other GPCRs and computer simulated docking with the model predicted putative binding sites. Using in silico mutagenesis the predicted docking model was validated with experimental data obtained from expressed chimera receptors in Sf9 cells created by exchanging between the three extracellular loops of the HezPBAN-R and the Drosophila Pyrokinin-R (CG9918). The chimera receptors also indicated that the 3ʳᵈ extracellular loop is important for recognition of PBAN or Diapause hormone ligands. Implications: The project has successfully completed all the objectives and we are now in a position to be able to design and screen potential antagonists for pheromone production. The successful docking simulation-experiments encourage the use of in silico experiments for initial (high-throughput) screening of potential antagonists. However, the differential responses between the expressed receptor (Sf9 cells) and the endogenous receptor (pheromone glands) emphasize the importance of assaying lead compounds using several alternative bioassays (at the cellular, tissue and organism levels). The surprising discovery of the presence of the gene encoding the PBAN-R in the male homologous tissue, but its absence at the protein level, launches opportunities for studying molecular regulation pathways and the evolution of these GPCRs. Overall this research will advance research towards the goal of finding antagonists for this important class of receptors that might encompass a variety of essential insect functions.

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Roth, Sharon Y. P/CAF Function in Transcriptional Activation by Steroid Hormone Receptors and Mammary Cell Proliferation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375129.

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Roth, Sharon Y. P/CAF Function in Transcriptional Activation by Steroid Hormone Receptors and Mammary Cell Proliferation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada392348.

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Nawaz, Zafar. Ubiquitin Pathway Enzymes: Coactivators of Nuclear Hormone Receptors and Their Role in the Development of Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada397349.

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Nawaz, Zafar. Ubiquitin Pathway Enzymes: Coactivators of Nuclear Hormone Receptors and Their Role in the Development of Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408069.

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Mosquna, Assaf, and Sean Cutler. Systematic analyses of the roles of Solanum Lycopersicum ABA receptors in environmental stress and development. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604266.bard.

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Drought and other abiotic stresses have major negative effects on agricultural productivity. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many responses to environmental stresses and can be used to improve crop performance under stress. ABA levels rise in response to diverse abiotic stresses to coordinate physiological and metabolic responses that help plants survive stressful environments. In all land plants, ABA receptors are responsible for initiating a signaling cascade that leads to stomata closure, growth arrest and large-scale changes in transcript levels required for stress tolerance. We wanted to test the meaning of root derived ABA signaling in drying soil on water balance. To this end we generated transgenic tomato lines in which ABA signaling is initiated by a synthetic agonist- mandipropamid. Initial study using a Series of grafting experiments indicate that that root ABA signaling has no effect on the immediate regulation of stomata aperture. Once concluded, these experiments will enable us to systematically dissect the physiological role of root-shoot interaction in maintaining the water balance in plants and provide new tools for targeted improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants.

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