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Academic literature on the topic 'Hordeum'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Hordeum"

León, Eduardo, Eusebio López Nieto, Mónica López Martínez, and Antonio J. Pujadas Salvá. "El agregado de Hordeum murinum (Poaceae) en “Flora Iberica”." Acta Botanica Malacitana 39 (December 1, 2014): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v39i1.2586.

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Pelger, Susanne, and Roland Von Bothmer. "Hordein variation in the genus Hordeum as recognized by monoclonal antibodies." Genome 35, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g92-031.

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The composition of the major storage protein, hordein, in wild barley species has been studied by using gel electrophoresis, Coomassie staining, and immunoblot assays. We have shown earlier that it is possible to obtain cross-reaction outside the cultivated barley, with monoclonal antibodies raised against hordeins from the barley cultivar Bomi. These antibodies have now been used to investigate the hordein composition in all species of the Hordeum genus. The results showed that polypeptides similar to the two major hordein groups of cultivated barley, the B- and C-hordeins, are produced in all wild Hordeum species, and that there are both similarities and differences between the two hordein groups. The similarities indicate a common evolutionary origin, while the distinction between B- and C-hordeins in the entire genus clearly shows that the divergence of their coding genes preceded the divergence of the Hordeum species. The presence of the same antigenic site in two different species indicates that they are evolutionarily related. Among the wild species, two rarely occurring sites were exclusively found in H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum and H. bulbosum, which confirms that they are the cultivated barley's closest relatives. Some of the antibodies also gave an extensive reaction pattern with H. murinum, which suggests a fairly close relationship to H vulgare, though not as close as between H. vulgare and H. bulbosum.Key words: Hordeum, hordein, monoclonal antibodies, evolution, multigene family.

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Clark, Melody, Angela Karp, and Simon Archer. "Physical mapping of the B-hordein loci on barley chromosome 5 by in situ hybridization." Genome 32, no. 5 (October 1, 1989): 925–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-531.

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Physical mapping of the B-hordein genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Betzes) was achieved by in situ hybridization of a biotin-labelled B-hordein cRNA probe to chromosome spreads. Lines trisomic for chromosome 5 showed up to 3 signals on interphase nuclei, while no more than 2 signals were observed in normal diploids. An enzyme pretreatment, which produced broken cells, increased the frequency of signal detection. A clear signal was observed on 23% of interphase nuclei and 0.025% of metaphase spreads. The B-hordein genes mapped to 46% of the distance from the centromere on the short arm of chromosome 5. These results are discussed in relation to the barley genetic map and to previous reports of in situ hybridization of low-copy and unique-copy genes in plants.Key words: in situ hybridization, Hordeum vulgare, B-hordein genes, genetic map.

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Hickey, Lee T., Wendy Lawson, Greg J. Platz, Mark Dieters, and Jerome Franckowiak. "Origin of leaf rust adult plant resistance gene Rph20 in barley." Genome 55, no. 5 (May 2012): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g2012-022.

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Rph20 is the only reported, simply inherited gene conferring moderate to high levels of adult plant resistance (APR) to leaf rust ( Puccinia hordei Otth) in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). Key parental genotypes were examined to determine the origin of Rph20 in two-rowed barley. The Dutch cultivar ‘Vada’ (released in the 1950s) and parents, ‘Hordeum laevigatum’ and ‘Gull’ (‘Gold’), along with the related cultivar ‘Emir’ (a derivative of ‘Delta’), were assessed for APR to P. hordei in a disease screening nursery. The marker bPb-0837-PCR, co-located with Rph20 on the short arm of chromosome 5H (5HS), was used to screen genotypes for the resistance allele, Rph20.ai. Results from phenotypic assessment and DNA analysis confirmed that Rph20 originated from the landrace ‘H. laevigatum’ (i.e., Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare). Tracing back this gene through the pedigrees of two-rowed barley cultivars, indicated that Rph20 has contributed APR to P. hordei for more than 60 years. Although there have been no reports of an Rph20-virulent pathotype, the search for alternative sources of APR should continue to avoid widespread reliance upon a single resistance factor.

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Ho, K. M., W. L. Seaman, T. M. Choo, and R. A. Martin. "AC Stephen barley." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 1079–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-142.

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AC Stephen is a six-rowed spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar developed by the Eastern Canada Barley Breeding Group, Agriculture Canada, and is adapted to Eastern Canada. It was selected from an OAC Kippen/Léger cross. AC Stephen has high yield, good test weight and is resistant to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC. ex Merat. f. sp. hordei Em. Marchal). Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., six-rowed barley, feed barley, high yield, powdery mildew

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Wang, Huan, and Genlou Sun. "Molecular phylogeny and reticulate origins of several American polyploid Hordeum species." Botany 89, no. 6 (June 2011): 405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b11-030.

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The phylogeny of diploid species in the genus Hordeum has been studied intensively. Although the origin of American polyploid species has been analyzed using multiple-copy internal transcribed spacer sequences, the origins of these species in Hordeum remain unclear. The objectives of our study were to elucidate the origins of American polyploid species and to explore phylogenetic relationships of these polyploids to diploid Hordeum and other diploid species in Triticeae using a single copy of a nuclear gene, disrupted meiotic cDNA1 (DMC1). DMC1 sequences from nine Hordeum polyploid species were analyzed. Sequence comparisons revealed that one copy of sequences from polyploid species Hordeum fuegianum , Hordeum jubatum , and Hordeum tetraploidum showed a 82 bp miniature inverted-repeat terminal element (MITE) (Stowaway) insertion, which was also detected in the Triticeae diploid species Australopyrum species (W genome) and Taeniatherum caput-medusae (Ta genome). Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis suggested that diploid Hordeum brachyantherum subsp. californicum is one ancestor of polyploids Hordeum arizonicum , H. brachyantherum subsp. brachyantherum , Hordeum depressum , and Hordeum procerum . The other ancestor of tetraploid H. depressum is probably Hordeum euclaston . Hordeum cordobense was suggested to be one of the genome donors to hexaploid H. procerum. The diploid Hordeum flexuosum and tetraploid H. tetraploidum were suggested as the parents to hexaploid species Hordeum parodii . The result is that one sequence from each of three Hordeum tetrapolyploids, including H. fuegianum, H. jubatum, and H. tetraploidum, and one from Hordeum hexaploid H. arizonicum fall outside the Hordeum clade of the DMC1 phylogenetic tree, therefore representing another example of complex evolutionary history. Our data may shed light on future phylogenetic studies in Triticeae, especially for the polyploids, by broadening the scope of investigations through sampling more genome types in Poaceae, not only from the tribe Triticeae.

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Pelger, Susanne, Torbjörn Säll, and Bengt O. Bengtsson. "Evolution of Hordein Gene Organization in Three Hordeum Species." Hereditas 119, no. 3 (May 28, 2004): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1993.00219.x.

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Echart-Almeida, Cinara, and Suzana Cavalli-Molina. "Hordein variation in Brazilian barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wild barley (H. euclaston Steud. and H. stenostachys Godr.)." Genetics and Molecular Biology 23, no. 2 (June 2000): 425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572000000200031.

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SDS-PAGE was used to analyze the hordein polypeptide patterns of Brazilian barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare L.) and of two native species of Hordeum from southern Brazil (H. euclaston Steud. and H. stenostachys Godr.). Forty different hordein polypeptide bands with molecular weights ranging from 30 to 94 kDa were found in the seeds of the three species studied. Twelve of the 14 varieties examined showed intravarietal polymorphism. The number of bands ranged from 10 to 17, depending on the variety, and from 3 to 13 among individual seeds, with a total of 26 bands in H. vulgare. Phenograms using each seed as an operational taxonomic unit (OTU) showed that the seeds from most varieties did not form distinct clusters. Seeds from different plants of the native species varied considerably. The molecular weights of the hordein polypeptides of the two native species were quite different from those of H. vulgare. There was a greater similarity between the native species than with H. vulgare, although H. stenostachys was slightly closer to the cultivated species than H. euclaston.

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Baum, Bernard R., and Grant Bailey. "A numerical taxonomic investigation of the Hordeum brevisubulatum aggregate." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 9 (September 1, 1991): 2011–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-253.

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Measurements of 21 morphometric characters were carried out on 317 specimens; additional observations were made in the field in Turkey, Iran, and the People's Republic of China. Using two nonparametric clustering algorithms and various discriminant analyses followed by bootstrap validation, we infer that the following morphological species are worthy of recognition: Hordeum bogdanii; Hordeum brevisubulatum, including ssp. brevisubulatum and ssp. violaceum; Hordeum turkestanicum; and Hordeum roshevtzii. We found that H. roshevtzii is very close to H. brevisubulatum. A key to species and subspecies is provided along with comments on habitats, distribution, and synonymy. Key words: numerical taxonomy, Hordeum turkestanicum, Hordeum brevisubulatum, Hordeum roshevitzii, Hordeum bogdanii, key to species.

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Molnar, S. J., and A. McKay. "Restriction fragment analysis of hordein genes in western Canadian two-rowed barleys." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-033.

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Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) at the hordein loci were compared with hordein protein patterns for discrimination of barley cultivars. RFLP banding patterns documented extensive polymorphism for B and C hordein gene families in eight closely related western Canadian two-rowed barley cultivars, five parental cultivars and a U.K. cultivar. RFLP results were compared with published protein pattern data on the same cultivars. The power to discriminate cultivars by the two methods is similar. Key words: RFLP, hordein, barley, Hordeum vulgare, cultivar identification

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hordeum"

Elmansour, Huda Mohamed Elkhalifa. "Genetic and molecular characterisation of resistance to rust diseases in barley." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15380.

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The fungal pathogen Puccinia hordei Otth. is the causal agent of the leaf rust disease on barley. It is an economically important disease worldwide. The pathogen occurs in all barley growing regions of Australia. The present study assessed a diverse African barley germplasm for resistance to this disease in the seedling (10 pathotypes) and adult (one pathotype) growth stages which resulted in identification of new sources of high and moderate adult plant resistance (APR) different from the known APR genes Rph20 and Rph23. In addition, known seedling resistance genes were also postulated. The African barley collection was also assessed for seedling resistance to three pathotypes of the stem rust pathogen P. graminis tritici (Pgt). New seedling resistance for Pgt that lacked the molecular markers for the known Pgt resistant genes Rpg1 and Rpg5 were identified in 18 accessions. Genetic and molecular characterisation was conducted in new APR to P. hordei identified in six barley lines, four from Africa and two from Uruguay. Using the Diversity Array Technology (DArT) molecular markers a monogenic resistance locus identified in a line was mapped on chromosome 6H based on selective genotyping. Using DArT molecular markers, the first designated seedling leaf rust resistance gene Rph1 was mapped at 8.85 – 10.48 cM interval on the short arm of chromosome 2H using two mapping populations. Genetic, cytogenetic and molecular characterisation was carried out on two barley lines displayed resistance to the wheat yellow rust pathogen P. striiformis tritici (Pgt) and the barley grass yellow rust (BGYR) pathogen P. striiformis pseudo-hordei revealed that each line carried two and three effective genes against Pst and BGYR, respectively, with two common genes effective against both pathogens in each genotype. A locus conferring hypersensitive resistance to BGYR was mapped between 11.76 and 18.57 cM in chromosome 1H.

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Garthwaite, Alaina Jane. "Physiological traits associated with tolerance to salinity and waterlogging in the genus 'Hordeum' /." University of Western Australia, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0133.

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Wild Hordeum species, from the four genome groups of X, H, I and Y, were assessed for physiological traits associated with tolerance to salinity and waterlogging. When grown in saline conditions, a number of wild Hordeum species had exceptional ‘exclusion’ of Na+ and Cl- from the young leaves, and also maintained tissue K+ concentrations, compared with Hordum vulgare ssp. vulgare (cv. ‘Golf’). For example, at 150 mol m-3 NaCl, the K+:Na+ in youngest, fully expanded leaf blades of wild Hordeum species averaged 5.2, compared with 0.8 in H. vulgare. H. marinum was more salt tolerant than H. vulgare, with a relative growth rate 30% higher than H. vulgare at 150 mol m-3 NaCl. At 300 mol m-3 NaCl, glycinebetaine plus proline contributed to 15% of πsap in expanding leaf blades of H. marinum, compared with 8% in H. vulgare. When grown in stagnant conditions, 16 accessions (approximately half of those evaluated) formed a barrier to radial O2 loss (ROL) in basal zones of adventitious roots. In the Triticeae, this trait had previously only been described in one species, H. marinum. The barrier to ROL occurred only in accessions from wetland or intermediate habitats, and was also related to genome type, being present in accessions with the X or the H genome (Hordeum vulgare has the I genome). In stagnant conditions, aerenchyma formed was, on average; 22% in accessions with the X genome; 19% in those with the H genome; and 15 and 16% in those with the I or the Y genomes, respectively. The combination of a barrier to ROL and aerenchyma enhances longitudinal O2 movement in adventitious roots, permitting roots to penetrate deeper into anaerobic substrates. In H. marinum, induction of the barrier to ROL was associated with a 97% reduction in apparent O2 diffusivity across the external layers of the basal zones of roots, compared with near the root tip. The barrier results from physical resistance to radial O2 movement, although when roots were cooled to suppress respiration some additional leakage of O2 was detected, indicating respiration also contributes to the low rates of ROL from the basal regions of roots. Low radial O2 permeability in the roots of stagnantly-treated H. marinum was associated with secondary thickening, putatively lignin or suberin deposits, in the hypodermis. These changes in root structure, however, did not influence root hydraulic conductivity, assessed for individual adventitious roots and whole root systems. Thus, diversity amongst Hordeum species in expression of traits for tolerance to waterlogging (an inducible barrier to ROL and aerenchyma) and salinity (Na+ and Cl- ‘exclusion’) were documented in this study. Traits for root aeration did not compromise the capacity of roots to take up water, presumably being of importance for growth in soils with fluctuating water levels (i.e. wet/dry cycles). The high degree of salinity tolerance in several Hordeum species, and especially in H. marinum, is consistent with field observations that these species occur in salt affected areas

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Dinh, Xuan Hoan. "Molecular genetics of barley (Hordeum vulgare): Leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) interactions." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24567.

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Leaf rust caused by Puccinia hordei is one of the most common and widely distributed rust diseases of barley. Deploying genetic resistance is considered as the most effective and environmentally friendly approach to control this disease. Among 27 designated loci conferring resistance to P. hordei, three genes, namely Rph1, Rph15, and Rph22, have been previously isolated. In this study, the Rph3 gene was isolated using the positional cloning approach. A high-resolution map of the gene constructed using 10,411 F2 plants from six segregating populations delimited the Rph3 locus between two markers covering an interval of 0.024 cM. The physical map revealed that these two closest markers delimited a region of 8.5kb bp in Rph3-carrying cultivars such as cv. Barke and 98kb bp in cultivars lacking Rph3 such as cv. Morex. Two putative genes were determined within the 8.5kb region using FGENESH. The candidate gene for Rph3 was validated by mutational analysis, where four independent point mutations confirmed that ORF2 is Rph3. The resistance gene Rph3 encodes a protein of unknown function that does not belong to any known plant disease resistance protein family. The amino acid sequence showed no sequence homology to any domains/motifs of known function. Predictions using various tools revealed five to seven transmembrane helices in the structure of RPH3. Gene expression was locally induced at the infection site by pathotypes avirulent for Rph3. The current results suggest that the Rph3 gene acts like an executor gene that is regulated by transcriptional activator-like (TAL) effectors. A second study determined that resistance to P. hordei pathotype 5477 P- in the barley line 67:ZBS15 was conferred by two genes interacting in a complementary manner. One of these two genes is Rph3 and the other one was supposed to be Rph5 or an allele of Rph5 or an independent locus in the same genomic region as that of Rph5.

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Kavanagh, Paul. "Genetic and pathology studies of the Hordeum Vulgare: Puccinia Hordei Pathosystem." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16543.

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Barley leaf rust, caused by Puccinia hordei (Ph), is a major disease of barley crops worldwide. In Australia, for more than two decades now, barley leaf rust has appeared as a significant national limitation to the production of high quality barley, as a consequence of ongoing emphasis on barley production in disease prone high rainfall areas, and boosted reliance on barleys with high malt quality, some of which lack effective resistance. Understanding the economic advantage of genetic resistance over fungicides, breeders have attempted to utilize single gene resistance to leaf rust, but poor durability of such resistance with the development of new rust pathogen variants has rendered many important Australian barley varieties susceptible. The poor durability of these genes in Australia is believed to be at least in part due to sexual recombination by the pathogen on the alternate host Ornithogalum umbellatum in South Australia, resulting in high pathotypic and genetic diversity. Although it is known that alternate host species O. umbellatum contributes to the epidemiology of Ph in various regions, few studies have investigated its role in generating genetic variability and new pathotypes. The present studies identified four pathotypes from 25 single pustule isolates of Ph established from aecial infections from O. umbellatum collected from South Australia in 2001. Given that only 11 pathotypes of this pathogen were identified from 88 samples collected in the pathogenicity survey for 2001- 2002 from all of Australia, the recovery of four pathotypes from only 25 isolates from aecia from a single plant of O. umbellatum indicated that the alternate host had enabled the generation of significant pathogenic variability. Based on variability as determined by nine polymorphic SSR markers, six SSR genotypes were identified. While three of these comprised single isolates only, the remaining three included isolates of different pathotypes. The results clearly indicate that O. umbellatum is a source of both pathogenic and genetic variability in P. hordei in South Australia. Studies were conducted to discover and characterise new sources of resistance to Ph for germplasm enhancement and resistance diversification. A set of Canadian breeding lines/cultivars were screened in the greenhouse with an array of pathotypes at the seedling iv growth stage, in field at adult plant growth stages, and with molecular markers linked to known genes conferring Adult Plant Resistance (APR) to leaf rust. The results showed that a vast majority of lines (67%) carried the seedling resistance gene Rph3. Remaining lines resistant to at least one of the pathotypes either carried Rph4 (4%), Rph2+Rph12 (4%) or uncharacterised genes (8%). All lines were susceptible at the seedling stage with the predominant pathotype 5457P+, permitting a critical appraisal of the presence of APR to leaf rust in field tests with this pathotype. These studies identified APR to Ph in 10 of 24 (42%) lines tested, a result that was considered as being promising. The molecular marker analysis indicated that the APR in 12 of these lines is likely distinct from known APR genes Rph20 and Rph23, and hence novel. This is a significant finding in an attempt to identify potentially new sources of APR to leaf rust. Genetic studies were undertaken to characterise and map a new and unique resistance gene (RphFT) in the Chinese barley variety Fong Tien. RphFT was mapped to chromosome 5HL at a genetic position of 142.1 cM using DArT-seq markers. The gene was also confirmed to be present in Australian cultivars Yagan and Lockyer based on allelic tests. It is recommended that the RphFT locus be catalogued as Rph25 in accordance with the rules and numbering system of barley gene nomenclature. Overall, the present studies made a significant contribution in identifying new sources of APR, postulation and confirmation of several known existing seedling and APR genes, and in providing an increased understanding of the role played by the alternate host O. umbellatum in creating genetic variability in P. hordei.

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Johnston, Paul Andrew, and n/a. "Molecular characterisation of chromatin introgressed from Hordeum bulbosum L. into Hordeum vulgare L." University of Otago. Department of Biochemistry, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080215.161403.

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Hordeum bulbosum L. (bulbous barley grass) is an important genetic resource for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) improvement. As the sole member of the secondary genepool of Hordeum; H. bulbosum represents a relatively untouched source of genetic diversity which can provide novel allelic variation for traits critical to the future of barley breeding. In order to access this resource efficiently, a complete set of molecular marker resources is necessary to assist the introgression of chromatin from H. bulbosum into a barley genetic background. For breeders to access traits from H. bulbosum for barley improvement, recombinant lines need to be developed to transfer regions of the H. bulbosum genome into a barley background for trait identification and for incorporation into elite barley breeding programs. The chromosomal location of H. bulbosum introgressions in thirty eight unique recombinant lines was performed using RFLP analysis using mostly distal probes from barley genetic linkage maps However, this analysis was labour intensive, restrictive and prone to inconsistencies due to low intensity signals and complex banding in H. bulbosum. Due to the low level of interspecific recombination detected between the two species, a retrotransposon-like marker, pSc119.1, was developed which could be used to quickly screen progeny from an interspecific cross to determine which lines possessed introgressions of chromatin from H. bulbosum. After initial screening, putative recombinants were further characterised using co-dominant single locus PCR markers from throughout the genome. A focus was made on using the EST resources of barley and wheat, combined with the rice genome to create intron-spanning markers. Subsequent allele-sequencing revealed high frequencies of species-diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the intron regions of these markers, coupled with relatively low frequencies of species-diagnostic SNPs in the flanking exon regions. Overall, interspecific SNP frequencies were not significantly higher in intron-spanning markers than those consisting of exon-only sequence. However, species-diagnostic indels were more frequently discovered within intron sequence providing additional polymorphism. Recombinant lines with phenotypes that differed from the barley parent allowed those traits to be assigned to particular chromosomal regions. These characterised recombinant lines will provide a resource for barley breeders to identify novel traits for barley improvement and allow identification of new alleles in different chromosomal locations for current traits, allowing greater flexibility for cultivar construction. A targeted backcross population of the recombinant line 38P18/8/1/10 (possessing leaf rust resistance derived from H. bulbosum) was created. The introgressed region was saturated for PCR markers using a variety of marker types and techniques (AFLP, cDNA-AFLP). Two lines were subsequently identified with introgressions of reduced size relative to the parental recombinant line, both of which have retained the leaf rust resistance trait. The leaf rust resistance was finally linked to two co-dominant EST-based markers located on chromosome 2HL by using these two lines and the direct screening of progeny from interspecific hybrids possessing introgression junctions in the region of interest. In general, recombinant material between barley and H. bulbosum suffers from certation effects which cause distorted segregation that favours heterozygous and homozygous barley genotypes. Two unique lines have been identified during this research that possess gametocidal-type loci that result in the absolute retention of H. bulbosum chromatin with the termination of gametes lacking the introgression (barley genotype only).

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Salvo-Garrido, Haroldo E. "Genome analysis in wild (Hordeum bulbosum L.) and transgenic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327510.

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Bojarajan, Ramakrishnan Gowsica. "Analyse transcriptomique de l'interaction tripartite "Pseudozyma flocculosa-Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei-Hordeum vulgare"." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26959.

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Afin d'améliorer nos pratiques agricoles dans le contexte d'une agriculture durable, plusieurs agents de lutte biologique (ALB) ont été développés, testés et sont maintenant utilisés dans le monde pour combattre les pertes de rendements causées par les maladies. Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei ( Bgh) est l'agent pathogène responsable du blanc de l'orge et peut réduire les rendements de cette culture jusqu'à 40%. Un champignon épiphyte, Pseudozyma flocculosa, a été découvert et identifié en 1987 en association étroite avec le blanc du trèfle. Les chercheurs ont alors remarqué que ce champignon exhibait une forte activité antagoniste contre le blanc en détruisant les structures de l'agent pathogène. Suite à d'autres travaux, il est apparu que ce comportement antagoniste était dirigé contre tous les membres des Erysiphales et semblait lié à la synthèse d'un glycolipide antifongique soit la flocculosine. Toutefois, on n'est toujours pas parvenus à associer l'efficacité de l'ALB avec la production de ce glycolipide. Ces observations suggèrent que d'autres facteurs seraient impliqués lorsque les deux protagonistes, l'ALB et le blanc, sont en contact. L'objectif principal de ce projet était donc de chercher d'autres mécanismes moléculaires pouvant expliquer l'interaction P. flocculosa-blanc et orge, en faisant une analyse transcriptomique complète des trois protagonistes en même temps. L'interaction tripartite a été échantillonnée à différents temps suivant l'inoculation de P. flocculosa sur des feuilles d'orge présentant déjà une intensité de blanc d'environ 50%. Les échantillons de feuilles prélevés ont ensuite été utilisés pour l'extraction de l'ARN qui ont été ensuite transformés en ADNc pour la préparation des librairies. Cinq répliquats ont été effectués pour chaque temps et le tout a été séquencé à l'aide de séquençage par synthèse Illumina HiSeq. Les séquences obtenues (reads) ont ensuite été analysées à l'aide du logiciel CLC Genomics Workbench. Brièvement, les séquences obtenues ont été cartographiées sur les trois génomes de référence. Suite à la cartographie, les analyses d'expression ont été conduites et les gènes exprimés de façon différentielle ont été recherchés. Cette étape a été conduite en portant une attention particulière aux gènes codant pour un groupe de protéines appelées CSEP pour “candidate secreted effector proteins” qui seraient possiblement impliquées dans l'interaction tripartite. Parmi les protéines exprimées de façon différentielle en présence du blanc ou en absence de ce dernier, nous avons pu constater que certaines CSEP étaient fortement exprimées en présence du blanc. Ces résultats sont prometteurs et nous offrent une piste certaine pour l'élucidation des mécanismes impliqués dans cette interaction tripartite.

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Qian, Jiajing. "Effects of Hordeum vulgare and Hordeum bulbosum genotypes, seed age, culture methods and plant growth regulators on barley haploid production." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56678.

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Four experiments were conducted with the objectives of (i) comparing the suitability of various H. bulbosum clones for haploid production, (ii) determining the parental effects of H. bulbosum and barley genotypes on percentage of pollinated florets yielding caryopses with rescuable embryos and on embryo viability, (iii) comparing different stages for embryo culture and caryopsis culture, and (iv) attempting to produce barley haploids directly from cultured immature caryopses. The results demonstrated: that reproductive characteristics of H. bulbosum clones varied with environmental conditions; that the hybrid H. bulbosum clones MBC-3 and MBC-4 were superior to their parents Cb2920 and Cb2929 as pollen donors; that both parental genotypes and date of harvesting after pollination had large effects on percentage of pollinated florets yielding caryopses with rescuable embryos and on embryo viability; that haploid plantlets can be generated from haploid caryopsis culture without embryo rescue, but only at a low frequency and with a slow rate of germination.

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Battke, Florian Matthias. "Analyse Schwermetall-induzierter Stoffwechselwege in Hordeum vulgare L." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=977865428.

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Harbard, Jane Louise. "Mechanisms of manganese efficiency in barley (Hordeum vulgare) /." Title Page, Abstract and Contents only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ah255.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Hordeum"

von, Bothmer Roland, and International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, eds. An Ecogeographical study of the genus Hordeum. Rome: IBPGR, 1991.

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von, Bothmer Roland, ed. Diversity in barley: (Hordeum vulgare). Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2003.

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United States. Soil Conservation Service, ed. 'Seco' barley. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 1989.

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Breu, Volker. Die Rolle des 4,5-Dioxovalerats und des Glutamat-1-Semialdehyds bei der Biosynthese von 5-Aminolävulinsäure. Gauting bei München: A.S. Intemann und Ch.C. Intemann, 1989.

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Durner, Jörg. Reinigung und Charakterisierung der Acetolactatsynthase aus Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.). Konstanz: Hartung-Gorre, 1991.

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Jenkins, Rhian Eleri. Developmental studies in relation to anther culture in Hordeum vulgare. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1987.

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Entwhistle, Joycelyn M. The isolation and determination of the primary structure of a C-hordein gene from barley (Hordeum vulgare cv.Bomi). Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1988.

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Bettencourt, E. Cereals: Avena, Hordeum, millets, Oryza, Secale, Sorghum, Triticum, Zea and pseudocereals. 2nd ed. Rome: IBPGR, 1990.

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Robert, Sattell, and Oregon State University. Extension Service., eds. Barley, oats, triticale, wheat (Hordeum vulgare, Avena sativa, Triticosecale X, Triticum aestivum). [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University Extension Service, 1998.

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Wei, Wenxue. Physiological and molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in barle y (Hordeum vulgare L.). Wolverhampton: University of Wolverhampton, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hordeum"

Morrell, Peter L., and Michael T. Clegg. "Hordeum." In Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources, 309–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14228-4_6.

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Lim, T. K. "Hordeum vulgare." In Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants, 267–300. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5653-3_16.

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Tariq, Rana Muhammad Sabir, Tariq Mukhtar, Tanveer Ahmad, Shahan Aziz, Zahoor Ahmad, Sajjad Akhtar, and Asghar Ali. "Hordeum vulgare." In Sustainable Winter Fodder, 165–98. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003055365-9.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Hordeum vulgare." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 260. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_4803.

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Khare, C. P. "Hordeum vulgare Linn." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_757.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Hordeum vulgare (Barley)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 1178–98. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_464.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Hordeum Distichon Extract." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 260. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_4801.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Hordeum Distichon Flour." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 260. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_4802.

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Blattner, Frank R. "Taxonomy of the Genus Hordeum and Barley (Hordeum vulgare)." In Compendium of Plant Genomes, 11–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92528-8_2.

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Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel Y., Rainer W. Bussmann, and Carolina Romero. "Hordeum vulgare L. Poaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77093-2_141-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hordeum"

Trifonov, V., N. Shishlina, and M. Kondrashkina. "ПЕРВЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПРЯМОГО РАДИОУГЛЕРОДНОГО ДАТИРОВАНИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ ЗЛАКОВ С ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ ДОЛЬМЕННОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ СТАРЧИКИ (ЭПОХА БРОНЗЫ, СЗ КАВКАЗ)." In Радиоуглерод в археологии и палеоэкологии: прошлое, настоящее, будущее. Материалы международной конференции, посвященной 80-летию старшего научного сотрудника ИИМК РАН, кандидата химических наук Ганны Ивановны Зайцевой. Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-91867-213-6-100-101.

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The paper provides results of the first direct radiocarbon dating of domestic cereals (Hordeum L., Triticum L.) discovered in the Bronze Age dolmen culture settlement Starchiki, in the NW Caucasus (3rd mill. BC).

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ALBINI, G., H. PERAZZINI, F. B. FREIRE, and J. T. FREIRE. "SECAGEM DE CEVADA (Hordeum vulgare): ANÁLISE DA DIFUSIVIDADE EFETIVA." In XX Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Química. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chemeng-cobeq2014-1634-18305-140306.

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MOROZ, Irina, and Ingrida CHEMERYS. "INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ON PLANT GROWTH." In Conference for Junior Researchers „Science – Future of Lithuania“. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aainz.2017.012.

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The increasing level of electromagnetic radiation is a dangerous factor that poses risks of damage to living organisms. Currently, research focuses on the influence of industrial sources of electromagnetic radiation; however, the sources of such radiation in the living environment are given insufficient attention. The combined effects of these sources of radiation on living organisms can be investigated using phytoindication. The purpose of the current study was to analyze the impact of electromagnetic radiation on the growth of cereals. Assessment of the trends of change in the length of shoots of test objects at the average absolute growth, the average rate of change and the average growth rate showed inhibition of plant growth indicators, but the most depressing effect was caused by radiation from a computer systems unit and a TV (shorter shoots compared to the control samples ranged between 13.3% in Hordeum vulgare L. to 46.2% in Sorghum vulgare Pers.). The study defined the sensitivity of test objects to electromagnetic radiation of appliances (in descending order): Sorghum vulgare Pers. – Triticum aestivum L. – Hordeum vulgare L. (maximum inhibition of growth performance compared to control samples stood at 46.2%, 27.9%, 15.3% respectively).

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"Получение и перспективы использования дигаплоидов ячменя обыкновенного (Hordeum vulgare L.) (обзор)." In ГЕНОФОНД И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ. Новосибирск ИЦиГ СО РАН, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/gpb2020-99.

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Bucholska, Justyna, Anna Iwaniak, Małgorzata Darewicz, and Marta Turło. "Alpha glucosidase inhibitory peptides derived from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) proteins." In 1st International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT. Publishing House of The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/icdsupl1.p004.

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Batukaev, Svetlana. "TOXIC EFFECT OF BENZO[A]PYRENE ON SPRING BARLEY (HORDEUM SATIVUM DISTICHUM)." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/32/s13.089.

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Xuedong Wang, Linlin Bao, Lei Huang, and Luo Hua. "The effect of pH on acute copper toxicity to barely (Hordeum vulgare)." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5966292.

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"Targeted mutagenesis of the HvMyc2 and HvAnt2 genes in Hordeum vulgare L." In Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/ Systems Biology. institute of cytology and genetics siberian branch of the russian academy of science, Novosibirsk State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/bgrs/sb-2020-193.

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Martínez-Casasnovas, J. A., A. Uribeetxebarría, A. Escolà, and J. Arnó. "Sentinel-2 vegetation indices and apparent electrical conductivity to predict barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yield." In 12th European Conference on Precision Agriculture. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-888-9_38.

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Caballero, Kelly, Sheyli Lara, Danny Lizarzaburu, Carlos Castañeda, Eusterio Acosta, and Elmer Benites. "Pellets of Hordeum vulgare, Pisum sativum and Vicia faba agricultural biomass residues for bioenergy production." In 20th LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education and Technology: “Education, Research and Leadership in Post-pandemic Engineering: Resilient, Inclusive and Sustainable Actions”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2022.1.1.453.

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Reports on the topic "Hordeum"

Brown, Jarvis H., Abraham Blum, and Eugene Hockett. Developmental and Physiological Evaluation of Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Populations Divergently Selected for Drought Resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1985.7598177.bard.

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Wahl, Izhak, J. G. Moseman, Yehushua Anikster, and R. D. Wilcoxson. Elucidation of Types and Mechanisms of Resistance to the Brown Leaf Rust Disease in Natural Populations of Wild Barley, Hordeum spontaneum c. koch. United States Department of Agriculture, May 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1988.7598907.bard.

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Seventh War Loan Advertising - Window Displays - Anthony Hordern and Sons - 19 September 1918 (plate 241). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-001680.

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Seventh War Loan Advertising - Window Displays - Anthony Hordern and Sons - 19 September 1918 (plate 308). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-001681.

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War Savings Week 8-13 October, 1917 - Window dressing competition: Anthony Hordern and Sons (plate 129). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-001732.

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Commonwealth Bank - Seventh War Loan Advertising - Window Displays - Anthony Hordern and Sons - September 1918 (plate 256). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-001682.

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Commonwealth Bank - War Savings Week 8-13 October, 1917 - Window dressing competition - Anthony Hordern and Sons (plate 293). Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_pn-001733.

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