Journal articles: 'Hops'

1

Collie, M. E. "Hope for Hops?" Archives of Internal Medicine 162, no. 3 (February 11, 2002): 364–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.162.3.364.

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Zhang, Wanli, and Xiaoying Yang. "DV-Hop Location Algorithm Based on RSSI Correction." Electronics 12, no. 5 (February 26, 2023): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12051141.

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To increase the positioning accuracy of Distance Vector-Hop (DV-Hop) algorithm in non-uniform networks, an improved DV-Hop algorithm based on RSSI correction is proposed. The new algorithm first quantizes hops between two nodes by the ratio of the RSSI value between two nodes and the benchmark RSSI value, divides the hops continuously, calculates the average hop distance according to the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion of the best index based on the quantized hops, and then adds hop distance matching factor to the fitness function of each anchor node into the calculation of the hop distance fitness function to weight the fitness function. The change index value is introduced to obtain more accurate hop distance value, and then the estimation error of unknown node (UN) coordinate is modified by using the distance relationship between the UN and the nearest beacon node (BN), and the modified coordination position is further modified by using the triangle centroid to improve the accuracy of node positioning in the irregular network. The experimental results show that compared with the original DV-Hop, improved DV-Hop1, improved DV-Hop2 and improved DV-Hop3, the localization error of the improved algorithm in this paper is reduced by 58%, 45%, 34%, and 29%, respectively, on average, in the two network environments. Without increasing the hardware cost and energy consumption, the improved algorithm has excellent localization performance.

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YOSHIDA, Manabu. "Hops." JOURNAL OF THE BREWING SOCIETY OF JAPAN 95, no. 8 (2000): 550–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.6013/jbrewsocjapan1988.95.550.

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4

Teghtmeyer, Suzi. "Hops." Journal of Agricultural & Food Information 19, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496505.2018.1403248.

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MURAKAMI, Atsushi. "Study on Hops." JOURNAL OF THE BREWING SOCIETY OF JAPAN 105, no. 12 (2010): 783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.6013/jbrewsocjapan.105.783.

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6

Motte, W., and W. Motte. "Gerard Gavarry's Hops." SubStance 35, no. 3 (January 1, 2006): 64–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sub.2006.0049.

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7

Procházka, Pavel, Přemysl Štranc, Kateřina Pazderů, Jan Vostřel, and Jan Řehoř. "Use of biologically active substances in hops." Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 12 (November 30, 2018): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/655/2018-pse.

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In four-year experiments, hop was treated with 7 biologically active substances in two terms during vegetation: Lignohumate max (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids), Lexin (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids enriched with auxins), Lexenzym (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids enriched with auxins, phytohormones and enzymes precursors), Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract, synthetic auxin, humic acids and fulvic acids alone. The chlorophyll content was monitored after the application both in the vine leaves and in the branch leaves. After harvesting of the hops from the individual treatments, the yield of dry hops was determined and the cones were analysed for the content of alpha bitter acids. The results show that the most effective hop treatment was the application of Lexin and Lexenzym. The Lexenzym treatment provided a yield of dry hops of 1.86 t/ha, i.e. 0.47 t/ha higher compared with untreated control. The Lexin treatment provided yield higher by 0.41 t/ha of dry hops compared with the untreated control, while the harvested cones contained the most alpha-bitter acids (4.57%).

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8

Patzak, Josef, Vladimír Nesvadba, Karel Krofta, Alena Henychova, Arkady Inalovic Marzoev, and Ken Richards. "Evaluation of genetic variability of wild hops (Humulus lupulus L.) in Canada and the Caucasus region by chemical and molecular methods." Genome 53, no. 7 (July 2010): 545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g10-024.

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Wild hops ( Humulus lupulus L.) are potential new germplasms to expand the variability of genetic resources for hop breeding. We evaluated Canadian (62 plants) and Caucasian (58 plants) wild hops by their chemical characteristics and with molecular genetic analyses using sequence-tagged site and simple sequence repeat markers, in comparison with European (104 plants) and North American (27 plants) wild hops. The contents of alpha and beta acids varied from 0.36% to 5.11% and from 0.43% to 6.66% in Canadian wild hops, and from 0.85% to 3.65% and from 1.22% to 4.81% in Caucasian wild hops, respectively. The contents of cohumulone and colupulone distinctly differed between European and North American wild hops: the cohumulone level in alpha acids was in the range 46.1%–68.4% among North American wild hops and in the range 13.6%–30.6% among European wild hops. The high content of myrcene and the low contents of humulene, farnesene, and selinenes were typical for wild hops from Canada, in contrast to wild hops from the Caucasus region. We compared the chemical characteristics with molecular genetic data. Chemical characteristics differentiated wild hops into North American and Eurasian groups. Molecular genetic analysis was able to separate Caucasian wild hops from European wild hops. We proved a hop phylogeny by means of wide molecular analysis.

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9

Kusuma, Iwan Arya, and Nurul Arifin. "PERBEDAAN PENGARUH METODE LATIHAN BARRIER HOPS DAN SIDE HOPS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN HEADING DALAM SEPAKBOLA PADA ATLET PUTRA CLUB MAHESA SAKTI FC KAB SEMARANG TAHUN 2021." Jurnal Ilmiah Spirit 22, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36728/jis.v22i1.1827.

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ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Perbedaan Pengaruh Metode Latihan Barrier Hops Dan Side Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Heading Dalam Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang Tahun 2021, dan jika ada perbedaan maka untuk mengetahui mana yang lebih baik antara Latihan Barrier Hops Dan Side Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Heading Dalam Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang Tahun 2021. Sampel penelitian adalah Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang dengan jumlah 30 siswa. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Porpusive Sampling. Variabel penelitian ini yaitu Hasil Peningkatan Kemampuan Heading Sepakbola dengan Latihan Barrier Hops dan Side Hops sebagai variabel bebas serta hasil Peningkatan Kemampuan Heading Sepakbola variabel terikat. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan pretest-posttest design. Tes untuk mengetahui Peningkatan Kemampuan Heading Sepakbola menggunakan tes Kemampuan Heading Sepakbola menggunakan petunjuk pelaksanaan tes dari Nur Hasan (2001: 157). Metode analisis data penelitian menggunakan rumus t-test yang diperhitungkan menggunakan rumus pendek. Hasil analisis data maka simpulan diperoleh: (1) Ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara Latihan Barrier Hops Dan Side Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Heading Dalam Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang Tahun 2021. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil penghitungan tes akhir masing-masing kelompok yaitu thitung = 3.17 lebih kecil dari pada ttabel = 2,145 dengan taraf signifikasi5%. (2) Metode Barrier Hops lebih baik pengaruhnya dari pada metode Side Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Heading Dalam Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang Tahun 2021. Berdasarkan persentase peningkatan kemampuan Heading dalam permainan Sepak Bola menunjukkan bahwa kelompok 1 (kelompok yang mendapat perlakuan dengan Latihan Barrier Hops) adalah 81.63% > kelompok 2 (kelompok yang mendapat Latihan Side Hops) adalah 75.00%. Kata Kunci : Latihan Barrier Hops, Side Hops, Kemampuan Heading

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10

Bates, Nicola, Zoe Tizzard, and Nick Edwards. "Hops toxicosis in dogs." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 32, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vec.13161.

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11

Stolberg, Michael, Anthony Sharp, Alain S. Comtois, Rhodri S. Lloyd, Jon L. Oliver, and John Cronin. "Triple and Quintuple Hops." Strength and Conditioning Journal 38, no. 3 (June 2016): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0000000000000224.

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12

Surridge, Christopher. "Hops, steps and jumps." Nature 378, no. 6558 (December 1995): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/378664a0.

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13

Nickerson, G., and R. Burkhardt. "Hops Analysis Check Service." Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 47, no. 4 (September 1989): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/asbcj-47-0135.

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14

Kenny, S. T., and R. Burkhardt. "Hops Analysis Check Service." Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 48, no. 4 (September 1990): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/asbcj-48-0158.

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15

Moir, Michael. "Hops—A Millennium Review." Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 58, no. 4 (September 2000): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/asbcj-58-0131.

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16

Casci, Tanita. "She hops in beauty." Nature Reviews Genetics 6, no. 9 (September 2005): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg1699.

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17

VERNER, Jiří. "Working Brigades, Hops Harvests and Hops Production in Czechoslovakia in 1945-1970." Kvasny Prumysl 62, no. 4 (April 27, 2016): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18832/kp2016018.

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18

Dabbous-Wach, Axel, Jean-Valère Lorenzetti, Julien Paolini, and Jean Costa. "Chemical Variability of Essential Oils from Corsican Hops and Highlighting Their Influence on Hops’ Aroma." Foods 12, no. 13 (July 6, 2023): 2613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12132613.

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Essential oils from wild Corsican hops have never been described before. Following selective harvesting and extraction of plant material, chemical analysis was performed by GC–FID and GC–MS. Subsequent quantitative analysis demonstrated significant inter-stations variability due to pedoclimatic conditions. These singularities produce organoleptic differences, especially within Italian hops, which are the current benchmark for the Mediterranean hops’ population. Corsican wild hops are no exception. Accordingly, three olfactive bouquets were identified by a panel of selected and trained sensory analysts: woody herbaceous ginger notes, herbaceous citrus notes, and common notes. These bouquets appeared to be correlated to pedoclimatic parameters mentioned earlier such as altitude and proximity to the sea. A very rare and appreciated bouquet was associated with high levels of zingiberene in hops growing at moderate altitude and relatively far from the coastline. This study shows the importance of growing sites and pedoclimatic conditions to produce hops with the desired organoleptic notes during the beer making process and provides detailed identification of essential oils from Corsican wild hops.

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19

Hickey, Christopher M., Christopher Stroupe, and William Wickner. "The Major Role of the Rab Ypt7p in Vacuole Fusion Is Supporting HOPS Membrane Association." Journal of Biological Chemistry 284, no. 24 (April 21, 2009): 16118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.000737.

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Yeast vacuole fusion requires soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), the Rab GTPase Ypt7p, vacuolar lipids, Sec17p and Sec18p, and the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting complex (HOPS). HOPS is a multisubunit protein with direct affinities for SNAREs, vacuolar lipids, and the GTP-bound form of Ypt7p; each of these affinities contributes to HOPS association with the organelle. Using all-purified components, we have reconstituted fusion, but the Rab Ypt7p was not required. We now report that phosphorylation of HOPS by the vacuolar kinase Yck3p blocks HOPS binding to vacuolar lipids, making HOPS membrane association and the ensuing fusion depend on the presence of Ypt7p. In accord with this finding in the reconstituted fusion reaction, the inactivation of Ypt7p by the GTPase-activating protein Gyp1–46p only blocks the fusion of purified vacuoles when Yck3p is present and active. Thus, although Ypt7p may contribute to other fusion functions, its central role is to bind HOPS to the membrane.

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20

Hickey, Christopher M., and William Wickner. "HOPS Initiates Vacuole Docking by Tethering Membranes before trans-SNARE Complex Assembly." Molecular Biology of the Cell 21, no. 13 (July 2010): 2297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e10-01-0044.

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Vacuole homotypic fusion has been reconstituted with all purified components: vacuolar lipids, four soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins, Sec17p, Sec18p, the Rab Ypt7p, and the hexameric homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting complex (HOPS). HOPS is a Rab-effector with direct affinity for SNAREs (presumably via its Sec1-Munc18 homologous subunit Vps33p) and for certain vacuolar lipids. Each of these pure vacuolar proteins was required for optimal proteoliposome clustering, raising the question of which was most directly involved. We now present model subreactions of clustering and fusion that reveal that HOPS is the direct agent of tethering. The Rab and vacuole lipids contribute to tethering by supporting the membrane association of HOPS. HOPS indirectly facilitates trans-SNARE complex formation by tethering membranes, because the synthetic liposome tethering factor polyethylene glycol can also stimulate trans-SNARE complex formation and fusion. SNAREs further stabilize the associations of HOPS-tethered membranes. HOPS then protects newly formed trans-SNARE complexes from disassembly by Sec17p/Sec18p.

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21

KROFTA, Karel, Alexandr MIKYŠKA, Marie JURKOVÁ, Lenka MRAVCOVÁ, and Petra VONDRÁČKOVÁ. "Determination of Bitter Compounds in Hops - Effect of Crop Year and Hops Age." Kvasny Prumysl 63, no. 5 (October 16, 2017): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18832/kp201725.

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22

TSUCHIYA, Yuri, and 拓. 太田. "Interaction between Yeast and Hops Caused by Adding Hops to the Fermentation Tank." JOURNAL OF THE BREWING SOCIETY OF JAPAN 115, no. 8 (2020): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.6013/jbrewsocjapan.115.458.

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23

Zlatic, Stephanie A., Karine Tornieri, Steven W. L’Hernault, and Victor Faundez. "Clathrin-dependent mechanisms modulate the subcellular distribution of class C Vps/HOPS tether subunits in polarized and nonpolarized cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 22, no. 10 (May 15, 2011): 1699–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e10-10-0799.

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Coats define the composition of carriers budding from organelles. In addition, coats interact with membrane tethers required for vesicular fusion. The yeast AP-3 (Adaptor Protein Complex 3) coat and the class C Vps/HOPS (HOmotypic fusion and Protein Sorting) tether follow this model as their interaction occurs at the carrier fusion step. Here we show that mammalian Vps class C/HOPS subunits and clathrin interact and that acute perturbation of clathrin function disrupts the endosomal distribution of Vps class C/HOPS tethers in HEK293T and polarized neuronal cells. Vps class C/HOPS subunits and clathrin exist in complex with either AP-3 or hepatocyte growth factor receptor substrate (Hrs). Moreover, Vps class C/HOPS proteins cofractionate with clathrin-coated vesicles, which are devoid of Hrs. Expression of FK506 binding protein (FKBP)–clathrin light chain chimeras, to inhibit clathrin membrane association dynamics, increased Vps class C/HOPS subunit content in rab5 endosomal compartments. Additionally, Vps class C/HOPS subunits were concentrated at tips of neuronal processes, and their delivery was impaired by expression of FKBP–clathrin chimeras and AP20187 incubation. These data support a model in which Vps class C/HOPS subunits incorporate into clathrin-coated endosomal domains and carriers in mammalian cells. We propose that vesicular (AP-3) and nonvesicular (Hrs) clathrin mechanisms segregate class C Vps/HOPS tethers to organelles and domains of mammalian cells bearing complex architectures.

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Lee, Jeong-Eun, Giseon Baek, Seokho Lee, Jae-Hong Jeong, Chul-Hwan Kim, Yuri Aikawa, Gregory J. Herczeg, Doug Johnstone, and John J. Tobin. "Complex Organic Molecules in a Very Young Hot Corino, HOPS 373SW." Astrophysical Journal 956, no. 1 (October 1, 2023): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace34b.

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Abstract We present the spectra of complex organic molecules (COMs) detected in HOPS 373SW with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). HOPS 373SW, which is a component of a protostellar binary with a separation of 1500au, has been discovered as a variable protostar by the JCMT transient monitoring survey with a modest (∼30%) brightness increase at submillimeter wavelengths. Our ALMA target-of-opportunity observation at ∼345 GHz for HOPS 373SW revealed extremely young chemical characteristics with strong deuteration of methanol. The dust continuum opacity is very high toward the source center, obscuring line emission from within 0.″03. The other binary component, HOPS 373NE, was detected only in C17O in our observation, implying a cold and quiescent environment. We compare the COM abundances relative to CH3OH in HOPS 373SW with those of V883 Ori, which is an eruptive disk object, as well as other hot corinos, to demonstrate the chemical evolution from envelope to disk. High abundances of singly, doubly, and triply deuterated methanol (CH2DOH, CHD2OH, and CD3OH) and a low CH3CN abundance in HOPS 373SW compared to other hot corinos suggest a very early evolutionary stage of HOPS 373SW in the hot corino phase. Since the COMs detected in HOPS 373SW would have been sublimated very recently from grain surfaces, HOPS 373SW is a promising place to study the surface chemistry of COMs in the cold prestellar phase before sublimation.

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25

Castillo-Castillo, Yamicela, Raul Solis, Armando A. Quintana, Claudio Arzola, Ana Luisa Olivas-Palacios, Jaime Salinas-Chavira, and Robin Anderson. "PSXI-17 Influence of hops on in vitro ruminal fermentation of corn grain." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.809.

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Abstract An in vitro incubation was carried out to evaluate the potential of hops (Humulus lupulus) as an alternative to antibiotics for upgrading animal production. Whole pellets of hops (Variety Galena) were ground and incubated in a batch culture of ruminal fluid (2000 mg of ground corn grain + 10 mL of fresh rumen liquor). Ruminal fluid was collected from two beef cows through an esophageal tube. The hops were incubated by 24 h at levels of 0, 800, 1600 and 2400 µg/mL. Data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance using PROC GLM of SAS. Hops addition linearly decreased (P < 0.01) gas production (GP; 90.89, 61.73, 36.63 and 28.37 µmol/g respectively) and methane production (MP; 9.76, 1.70, 1.30 and 0.46 µmol/g respectively). The CO2 production linearly increased as levels of hops increased (P < 0.02; 87.5, 88.4, 98.1 and 99.3 µmol/g respectively). The ammonia-N production was reduced in treatment 2 with respect to other treatments (P < 0.03; 12.6, 9.2, 13.7 and 13.5 µmol/g). Effects on ruminal fermentation of corn grain were dose dependent of hops. Addition of hops in ruminant feeding may offer a means to decrease ruminal methane production. Further research is needed to test efficacy of hops on other in vivo rumen-fermentation parameters.

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26

Takáts, Szabolcs, Karolina Pircs, Péter Nagy, Ágnes Varga, Manuéla Kárpáti, Krisztina Hegedűs, Helmut Kramer, Attila L. Kovács, Miklós Sass, and Gábor Juhász. "Interaction of the HOPS complex with Syntaxin 17 mediates autophagosome clearance in Drosophila." Molecular Biology of the Cell 25, no. 8 (April 15, 2014): 1338–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e13-08-0449.

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Homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) is a tethering complex required for trafficking to the vacuole/lysosome in yeast. Specific interaction of HOPS with certain SNARE (soluble NSF attachment protein receptor) proteins ensures the fusion of appropriate vesicles. HOPS function is less well characterized in metazoans. We show that all six HOPS subunits (Vps11 [vacuolar protein sorting 11]/CG32350, Vps18/Dor, Vps16A, Vps33A/Car, Vps39/CG7146, and Vps41/Lt) are required for fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes in Drosophila. Loss of these genes results in large-scale accumulation of autophagosomes and blocks autophagic degradation under basal, starvation-induced, and developmental conditions. We find that HOPS colocalizes and interacts with Syntaxin 17 (Syx17), the recently identified autophagosomal SNARE required for fusion in Drosophila and mammals, suggesting their association is critical during tethering and fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. HOPS, but not Syx17, is also required for endocytic down-regulation of Notch and Boss in developing eyes and for proper trafficking to lysosomes and eye pigment granules. We also show that the formation of autophagosomes and their fusion with lysosomes is largely unaffected in null mutants of Vps38/UVRAG (UV radiation resistance associated), a suggested binding partner of HOPS in mammals, while endocytic breakdown and lysosome biogenesis is perturbed. Our results establish the role of HOPS and its likely mechanism of action during autophagy in metazoans.

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Šedivý, J., and V. Řehák. "Outbreak of mirid bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) on hops." Plant Protection Science 36, No. 4 (January 1, 2000): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/9647-pps.

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Outbreaks of mirid-bugs on hop in Czech hop region recurred in 1875, I 928/29, 1947/48 and 1998/99. The spectrum and importance of specific harmful mirid species varied with the type of hop-garden. Calocoris fulvomaculatus was a dominant species in pole hop-gardens. Lygus rugulipennis was a dominant pest in trellises in 1998/99, when it locally damaged more than 50% of bines. Mirid-bugs migrate to hops at temperatures over l0°C, and stay there over the growing season. Bine tops are damaged by sucking, drying back later. Bines that grow from under the sites of injury are distorted and cease twining. This damage is caused before and after the training, up to 2.5 m of the bines height. An economic threshold is at I0% of damaged bine tops and more in the period after training. Years with warm, dry autumn, mild winter and warm, dry spring provide favourable conditions for outbreaks of the mirid-bugs and their spring activities.

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Ferracchiato, Simona, Nicola Di-Iacovo, Damiano Scopetti, Danilo Piobbico, Marilena Castelli, Stefania Pieroni, Marco Gargaro, et al. "Hops/Tmub1 Heterozygous Mouse Shows Haploinsufficiency Effect in Influencing p53-Mediated Apoptosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13 (July 2, 2021): 7186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137186.

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HOPS is a ubiquitin-like protein implicated in many aspects of cellular function including the regulation of mitotic activity, proliferation, and cellular stress responses. In this study, we focused on the complex relationship between HOPS and the tumor suppressor p53, investigating both transcriptional and non-transcriptional p53 responses. Here, we demonstrated that Hops heterozygous mice and mouse embryonic fibroblasts exhibit an impaired DNA-damage response to etoposide-induced double-strand breaks when compared to wild-type genes. Specifically, alterations in HOPS levels caused significant defects in the induction of apoptosis, including a reduction in p53 protein level and percentage of apoptotic cells. We also analyzed the effect of reduced HOPS levels on the DNA-damage response by examining the transcript profiles of p53-dependent genes, showing a suggestive deregulation of the mRNA levels for a number of p53-dependent genes. Taken together, these results show an interesting haploinsufficiency effect mediated by Hops monoallelic deletion, which appears to be enough to destabilize the p53 protein and its functions. Finally, these data indicate a novel role for Hops as a tumor-suppressor gene in DNA damage repair in mammalian cells.

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Ho, Ruoya, and Christopher Stroupe. "The HOPS/class C Vps complex tethers membranes by binding to one Rab GTPase in each apposed membrane." Molecular Biology of the Cell 26, no. 14 (July 5, 2015): 2655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e14-04-0922.

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Many Rab GTPase effectors are membrane-tethering factors, that is, they physically link two apposed membranes before intracellular membrane fusion. In this study, we investigate the distinct binding factors needed on apposed membranes for Rab effector–dependent tethering. We show that the homotypic fusion and protein-sorting/class C vacuole protein-sorting (HOPS/class C Vps) complex can tether low-curvature membranes, that is, liposomes with a diameter of ∼100 nm, only when the yeast vacuolar Rab GTPase Ypt7p is present in both tethered membranes. When HOPS is phosphorylated by the vacuolar casein kinase I, Yck3p, tethering only takes place when GTP-bound Ypt7p is present in both tethered membranes. When HOPS is not phosphorylated, however, its tethering activity shows little specificity for the nucleotide-binding state of Ypt7p. These results suggest a model for HOPS-mediated tethering in which HOPS tethers membranes by binding to Ypt7p in each of the two tethered membranes. Moreover, because vacuole-associated HOPS is presumably phosphorylated by Yck3p, our results suggest that nucleotide exchange of Ypt7p on multivesicular bodies (MVBs)/late endosomes must take place before HOPS can mediate tethering at vacuoles.

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30

Manjavachi, Matheus Kainan de Paula, Felipe Marques de Lima, Andressa Jociane Franzotti Menas, Bianca Machado de Lima, Tiago José Leme de Lima de Nadai, Thais Queiroz Zorzeto Cesar, and Luis Felipe Villani Purquerio. "Is there potential for hops production in an indoor system using LED lighting?" OBSERVATÓRIO DE LA ECONOMÍA LATINOAMERICANA 22, no. 7 (July 9, 2024): e5740. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/oelv22n7-124.

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Hops production largely depends on daylength shortening for proper flowering. Innovative systems like indoor cultivation with LED lighting allow a precise control of photoperiod regardless of season. However, such systems are still under development for most crops and there isn’t a solid framework on which indoor hops cultivation can be referred to. The aim of this study is to provide a descriptive report on how hops plants can develop and flower in an indoor system. A growth chamber was designed to accommodate hops plants, providing lighting and two training methods: parallel and spiral. Within 90 days of vegetative growth the plants had substantially developed and photoperiod was reduced from 16 to 10 h. Flowering began 6 days after photoperiod shortening. Spiral training can provide a more ergonomic usage of vertical space, allowing hops plants to better develop length-wise. Although structural adjustments and further research are still needed, there is potential for hops production in an indoor system using LED lighting.

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Gammoh, Omar, Zaid Aburubaiha, Amal Mayyas, Walid Alkatib, Renad Masarweh, Feras Elhajji, and Abdelrahim Alqudah. "Valerian and Hops Combination Versus Escitalopram in Models of Depression and Anxiety: A Cross-talk with Oxidative Stress." Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 16, no. 1 (March 25, 2023): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v16i1.1073.

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Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common mental health problems and are associated with oxidative stress. Although famous for its anxiolytic effect, the antidepressant effect of the valerian-hops combination was not previously studied, also the relationship between the sedative effect of valerian-hops and oxidative stress markers is unclear. The current research has two objectives: (1) to compare the antidepressant effect of valerian-hops with escitalopram and (2) to evaluate the sedative/anxiolytic effects of valerian-hops in relation to oxidative stress markers namely Nitric Oxide (NOx), inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) and Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD). Two models were employed using BALB/c mice: A normal condition depression model in which mice were divided into: control, valerian-hops-treated (100mg/kg), and escitalopram-treated (10mg/kg) groups one hour before the open field test, the elevated plus-maze test, and the forced swim test and an anxiety model in which mice were divided into: unstressed naïve, control (stressed), valerian/hops (100mg/kg), and escitalopram (10 mg/kg) groups treated for three weeks; acutely restrained for 6 hours and sacrificed, serum was obtained to detect NOx, iNOS and SOD activity. In the depression model, valerian-hops demonstrated antidepressant activity similar to escitalopram (p>0.05). In the anxiety model, the valerian-hops treated mice demonstrated a profound sedative effect in all behavior paradigms (p<0.05), and normalized the anxiety-induced NOx levels and SOD activity (p<0.05). Under normal conditions, the valerian-hops combination exerts an antidepressant effect similar to escitalopram while in stress/anxiety conditions it exerts profound sedative and antioxidant effects.

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32

Derkanosova, A. A., and A. A. Orinicheva. "Quality of bread with hops." Journal International Academy of Refrigeration 16, no. 1 (2017): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21047/1606-4313-2017-16-1-31-34.

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Zekovic, Zoran, Ivana Pfaf-Sovljanski, and Olgica Grujic. "Supercritical fluid extraction of hops." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 72, no. 1 (2007): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0701081z.

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Five cultivars of hop were extracted by the method of supercritical fluid extraction using carbon dioxide (SFE-CO2) as extractant. The extraction (50 g of hop sample using a CO2 flow rate of 97.725 L/h) was done in the two steps: 1. extraction at 150 bar and 40?C for 2.5 h (sample of series A was obtained) and, after that, the same sample of hop was extracted in the second step: 2. extraction at 300 bar and 40?C for 2.5 h (sample of series B was obtained). The Magnum cultivar was chosen for the investigation of the extraction kinetics. For the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the obtained hop extracts, the GC-MS method was used. Two of four the most common compounds of hop aroma (?-humulene and ?-caryophyllene) were detected in samples of series A. In addition, isomerized ?-acids and a high content of ?-acids were detected. The ?-acids content in the samples of series B was the highest in the extract of the Magnum cultivar (it is a bitter variety of hop). The low contents of ?-acids in all the other hop samples resulted in extracts with low ?-acids content, i.e., that contents were under the prescribed ?-acids content.

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Abiko, Yoshihiro, Durga Paudel, and Osamu Uehara. "Hops components and oral health." Journal of Functional Foods 92 (May 2022): 105035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2022.105035.

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35

Sati, Salem, Tareg Abulifa, and Salah Shanab. "PRoPHET Using Optimal Path Hops." International Journal of Wireless and Microwave Technologies 10, no. 4 (August 8, 2020): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijwmt.2020.04.02.

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36

ONODA, I., F. KROUPA, and B. MAREŠ. "Virus free Žatec (Saaz) hops." Kvasny Prumysl 47, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18832/kp2001007.

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KROFTA, K. "Xanthohumol Content in Czech Hops." Kvasny Prumysl 49, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18832/kp2003004.

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Biendl, M. "ISOLATION OF PRENYLFLAVONOIDS FROM HOPS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1010 (October 2013): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2013.1010.15.

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39

Rosendal, I. "Hops and Hop Products Terminology." Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 43, no. 1 (January 1985): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/asbcj-43-0046.

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Slack, J. M. W. "High hops of transgenic frogs." Nature 383, no. 6603 (October 1996): 765–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/383765a0.

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41

Cheng, G., and N. Ansari. "Finding All Hops Shortest Paths." IEEE Communications Letters 8, no. 2 (February 2004): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2004.823365.

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42

Mozny, Martin, Jaromir Krejci, and Ivan Kott. "CORAC, hops protection management systems." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 9, no. 2 (September 1993): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1699(93)90001-h.

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43

Montoya, Michelle. "HOPS from head to tail." Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 19, no. 3 (March 2012): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.2262.

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Palella, Frank J. "Clinical Cohort Study: HOPS Data." Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 10, Supplement 1 (March 2001): S2—S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019048-200103001-00002.

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LINHART, J., and V. NESVADBA. "Hop varieties importance and hops health condition improvement under aspects of Czech hops cultivation." Kvasny Prumysl 41, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18832/kp1995022.

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46

Rheay, Hanah T., Kevin Lombard, Catherine Brewer, and F. Omar Holguin. "Phytochemical Characterization of Native New Mexico Hops." HortTechnology 30, no. 6 (December 2020): 770–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04678-20.

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Neomexicanus hops (Humulus lupulus var. neomexicanus) are receiving increased attention within the craft beer and nutraceutical industries. Characterization of bittering acids and essential oils in two neomexicanus varieties revealed wide ranges of bittering acid compositions and distinct essential oil profiles compared with ‘Cascade’ common hops (H. lupulus). Total phenolic content (TPC), expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE), in neomexicanus hops ranged from 50 to 100 mg·g−1 GAE, consistently higher than published literature values for hop TPC (2 to 50 mg·g−1 GAE). Results indicate that, compared with ‘Cascade’, neomexicanus hops have unique phytochemical characteristics, which may lead to new applications in brewing and nutraceutical fields.

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Machado, Júlio C., Florian Lehnhardt, Zita E. Martins, Miguel A. Faria, Hubert Kollmannsberger, Martina Gastl, Thomas Becker, and Isabel M. P. L. V. O. Ferreira. "Sensory and Olfactometry Chemometrics as Valuable Tools for Assessing Hops’ Aroma Impact on Dry-Hopped Beers: A Study with Wild Portuguese Genotypes." Foods 10, no. 6 (June 17, 2021): 1397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061397.

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Sensory, olfactometry (using the sums of odour intensities for each class of compounds) and chemometric analyses were used to evaluate Portuguese wild hops’ sensory characteristics and the aroma that those hops impart to dry-hopped beer. CATA analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering was applied for the sensory characterization of 15 wild hops of Portuguese genotypes, clustering them in two groups: one more sulphurous, floral, and fruity, and another more earthy, resinous, floral, and non-citrus fruits. Two hops representative of each group were selected for the production of four dry-hopped beers using the same base beer style (Munich Helles). Beers were analysed by quantitative descriptive analyses and quantification of hop-derived key volatile compounds. Multivariate statistical treatment of the data was performed. Results indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) in fruity, resinous, earthy, floral, and sulphurous attributes of hops, but the dry-hopped beers only have a significant increase (p < 0.05) in fruity and spicy notes when compared with non-dry-hopped Munich-style Helles beer. Hop olfactometry explained the sensory perception that the 11 hops not used for brewing (employed as supplementary observations) are placed into the space of the odour-active compounds profile of the four hops selected for brewing. These 11 hop samples have more spiciness than fruitiness potential.

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Jackowski, J., M. Hurej, E. Rój, J. Popłoński, L. Kośny, and E. Huszcza. "Antifeedant activity of xanthohumol and supercritical carbon dioxide extract of spent hops against stored product pests." Bulletin of Entomological Research 105, no. 4 (April 8, 2015): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485315000255.

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AbstractXanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid from hops, and a supercritical carbon dioxide extract of spent hops were studied for their antifeedant activity against stored product insect pests: Sitophilus granarius L., Tribolium confusum Duv. and Trogoderma granarium Everts. Xanthohumol exhibited medium deterrent activity against the adults of S. granarius L. and larvae of T. confusum Duv. The spent hops extract was more active than xanthohumol towards the adults of T. confusum Duv. The potential application of the crude spent hops extract as a feeding deterrent against the stored product pests is proposed.

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Orr, Amy, Hongki Song, Scott F. Rusin, Arminja N. Kettenbach, and William Wickner. "HOPS catalyzes the interdependent assembly of each vacuolar SNARE into a SNARE complex." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 7 (April 2017): 975–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e16-10-0743.

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Rab GTPases, their effectors, SNAREs of the R, Qa, Qb, and Qc families, and SM SNARE-binding proteins catalyze intracellular membrane fusion. At the vacuole/lysosome, they are integrated by the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) complex. Two HOPS subunits bind vacuolar Rabs for tethering, another binds the Qc SNARE, and a fourth HOPS subunit, an SM protein, has conserved grooves that bind R- and Qa-SNARE domains. Spontaneous quaternary SNARE complex assembly is very slow. We report an assay of SNARE complex assembly that does not rely on fusion and for which tethering does not coenrich the four SNAREs. HOPS is required in this assay for rapid SNARE complex assembly. Optimal assembly needs HOPS, lipid membranes to which the R- or Qa-SNARE and Ypt7:GTP are integrally bound, and each of the other three SNAREs. Each SNARE assembles into this complex relying on the others, suggesting four-SNARE complex assembly rather than direct binding of each to HOPS. SNAREs can be disassociated by Sec 17/Sec 18/ATP, completing a catalyzed cycle of SNARE assembly and disassembly.

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Blishch, R. O. "Influence of non-traditional raw materials on beer quality indicators beer." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 24, no. 98 (October 21, 2022): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-f9803.

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There is a shortage of domestic hops in Ukraine, so introducing an additional component for beer production with partial replacement of hops with non-traditional plant raw materials is an urgent task. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal amount of balsamic tansy when preparing beer wort, with the aim of reducing the consumption of hops and improving the physicochemical and organoleptic parameters of the finished beer. The paper examines the effect of partial replacement of hops with non-traditional raw materials on the parameters of the finished beer. Balsamic tansy grass was used as a substitute. Adding the calculated amount of hops and balsamic tansy to the wort was carried out at the stage of its boiling. Hops were added after 15 minutes of boiling. Balsamic tansy was introduced as a dried plant 15 minutes before the end of boiling. The duration of boiling was 60 min at the same temperature conditions for all samples. All physico-chemical parameters for beer with the addition of balsamic tansy hop substitute were determined according to the methods adopted in fermentation production. When the hops are partially replaced by tansy balsamic by more than 20 %, the organoleptic indicators of the beer sample deteriorate. А persistent pungent aroma of tansy and a heavy aftertaste of bitterness appear. It was established that the optimal amount of balsamic tansy is 10 % to the amount of hops. Such amount of tansy has a positive effect on the organoleptic parameters of the finished beer.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hops'

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