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Buso, Fabio. "SQL on Hops." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215692.
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In today’s world data is extremely valuable. Companies and researchers store every sort of data, from users activities to medical records. However, data is useless if one cannot extract meaning and insight from it. In 2004 Dean and Ghemawat introduced the MapReduce framework. This sparked the development of open source frameworks for big data storage (HDFS) and processing (Hadoop). Hops and Apache Hive build on top of this heritage. The former proposes a new distributed file system which achieves higher scalability and throughput by storing metadata in a database called MySQL-Cluster. The latter is an open source data warehousing solution built on top of the Hadoop ecosystems, which allows users to query big data stored on HDFS using a SQL-like query language.Apache Hive is a widely used and mature project, however it lacks of consistency between the data stored on the file system and the metadata describing it, stored on a relational database. This means that if users delete Hive’s data from the file system, Hive does not delete the related metadata. This causes two issues: (1) users do not get an error if the data is missing from the filesystem (2) if users forget to delete the metadata, it will become orphaned in the database. In this thesis we exploit the fact that both HopsFS’ metadata and Hive’s metadata is stored in a relational database, to provide a mechanisms to automatically delete Hive’s metadata if the data is delete from the file system.The second objective of this thesis is to integrate Apache Hive into the Hops ecosystem and in particular in the HopsWorks platform. HopsWorks is a multitenant, UI based service which allows users to store and process big data projects. In this thesis we develop a custom authenticator for Hive to allow HopsWorks users to authenticate with Hive and to integrate with its security model.
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Hasan, Muhammed Rizvi. "Quota based access-control for Hops : Improving cluster utilization with Hops-YARN." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195647.
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YARN is the resource management framework for Hadoop, and is, in many senses, the modern operating system for the data center. YARN clusters are running at organizations such as Yahoo!, Spotify, and Twitter with clusters of up to 3500 nodes being reported in the literature. To harness the power of so many nodes and manage them efficiently YARN is required to fulfill the requirements like scalability, serviceability, multitenancy, reliability, high cluster utilization, secure and auditable operation. Currently, YARN supports three different schedulers for prioritizing the allocation of resources (CPU, memory) to applications. Existing schedulers have a broken incentive model for popular frameworks like Apache Spark and Apache Flink where applications have gang-scheduling semantics, that is, they need all nodes to be available before they can start work. Users are incentivized to launch and hog their resources, as there may be a substantial delay (in Spotify, up to 1 hour) in getting 100 or more nodes allocated to your application. Users are not penalized for hogging resources. Capacity scheduler is one of the schedulers that has been used as a default scheduler in YARN which is quite good in sharing resources among tenants with a degree of guaranteed resource availability. Still there is room for improvements. In this thesis, we propose the design and implementation of a new system called Quota-based access control system that will work as a layer over capacity scheduler for Hops-YARN, a project developed on Apache YARN. Quota-based access control system involves allocating a quota of resources to projects. A project consists of a number of users who manage a number of data sets and is taken from a new frontend for Hadoop called HopsWorks, (www.hops.io). Project members can spend part of their quota to launch and run applications. In contrast to existing schedulers, our control system will incentivize users for not launching unnecessary applications or hog resources. In this work we also have analyzed the operational model of the scheduler including Quota-based access control system with different application scheduling scenarios. We also have investigated the failure scenarios which includes network partition and failure of different components of YARN and analyzed the consequence of the failure on the scheduling operation. Finally, we have proposed some future improvements for this scheduling system.
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Dessalegn, Muruts Misganu. "Multi-Tenant Apache Kafka for Hops : Kafka Topic-Based Multi-Tenancy and ACL- Based Authorization for Hops." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206086.
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Apache Kafka is a distributed, high throughput and fault-tolerant publish/subscribe messaging system in the Hadoop ecosystem. It is used as a distributed data streaming and processing platform. Kafka topics are the units of message feeds in the Kafka cluster. Kafka producer publishes messages into these topics and a Kafka consumer subscribes to topics to pull those messages. With the increased usage of Kafka in the data infrastructure of many companies, there are many Kafka clients that publish and consume messages to/from the Kafka topics. In fact, these client operations can be malicious. To mitigate this risk, clients must authenticate themselves and their operation must be authorized before they can access to a given topic. Nowadays, Kafka ships with a pluggable Authorizer interface to implement access control list (ACL) based authorization for client operation. Kafka users can implement the interface differently to satisfy their security requirements. SimpleACLAuthorizer is the out-of-box implementation of the interface and uses a Zookeeper for ACLs storage.HopsWorks, based on Hops a next generation Hadoop distribution, provides support for project-based multi-tenancy, where projects are fully isolated at the level of the Hadoop Filesystem and YARN. In this project, we added Kafka topicbased multi-tenancy in Hops projects. Kafka topic is created from inside Hops project and persisted both at the Zookeeper and the NDBCluster. Persisting a topic into a database enabled us for topic sharing across projects. ACLs are added to Kafka topics and are persisted only into the database. Client access to Kafka topics is authorized based on these ACLs. ACLs are added, updated, listed and/or removed from the HopsWorks WebUI. HopsACLAuthorizer, a Hops implementation of the Authorizer interface, authorizes Kafka client operations using the ACLs in the database. The Apache Avro schema registry for topics enabled the producer and consumer to better integrate by transferring a preestablished message format. The result of this project is the first Hadoop distribution that supports Kafka multi-tenancy.
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Craig, Julie. "Economic feasibility of growing hops in Nebraska." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35370.
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Master of AgribusinessDepartment of Agricultural Economics
Vincent R. Amanor-Boadu
Nationwide, the craft brew industry has enjoyed massive growth. Hops are an important ingredient in craft brew beer and rapid growth of this industry has created many opportunities to grow hops. Currently, hops production is concentrated in the Pacific Northwest. That is beginning to change with new hops acres being planted every year across the country. The study looks at how economically feasible it is to plant hops in Nebraska. Is there enough local demand? Finally, given that Nebraska’s weather is dramatically different than the Pacific Northwest, can hops flourish there? The research begins by assessing all costs associated with a starting a three acre hops operation. Estimated yield and income is projected for ten years to establish cash flow. Instances of hail, wind and tornados for Clay County Nebraska for the years 2006-2016 were calculated to determine a probability of those weather events occurring. The probability was then used to determine the effect it could have on yield of hops per year. In addition to cost of production, the study also documented the growth of Nebraska’s craft brew industry to establish demand for locally grown hops. The researched concluded that if production stayed constant and our discount rate at 5%, assuming prices remain where they are or higher, then it is economically feasible to grow hops in Nebraska. Wind, hail and tornadoes do pose a threat in the Midwest but their effect on yield is not enough to deter someone from planting hops there. Access to reliable capital to begin and sustain a hops operation appears to have a greater impact. In addition, Nebraska’s craft brew industry continues to expand rapidly suggesting a strong market for locally grown hops. This information is important for anyone who is considering planting a commercial hops yard. Given how expensive the start-up costs are and how labor intensive the crop is, this research can provide guidance to those seeking to add hops production to their new or existing farming operation.
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Cooler, Kathleen E. Hudson. "Hop Agriculture in Oregon: The First Century." PDXScholar, 1986. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3608.
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This thesis was written to document, through both primary and secondary sources, the history of hop growing as it was in Oregon between 1850 and 1950. In those years, hop growing was most often a speculative venture. Growers could be rich one year and bankrupt the next due to the uncertainties of marketing.
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Godwin, Jeremy R. "Resistance to powdery mildew disease in hops (Humulus lupulus L.)." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/63593.
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The virulence of eight isolates of Sphaerotheca humuli (DC.) Burr, was examined on nine varieties of hops (Humulus lupulus L.). Genotypes determined for varieties with race specific resistance generally agreed with previous reports. Although major genes for resistance usually conferred immunity from infection the effectiveness of the gene was shown to be reduced at low temperatures, thereby allowing weak sporulation to develop. The leaf blistering response previously considered to be a consequence of Rg gene determined resistance was shown to be unrelated to the expression of this gene. Quantitative microscopical examination of isolate/variety combinations exhibiting race specific resistance revealed that incompatible fungal sporelings were restricted in the early stages of their development. The expression of the Rg, and R^ resistance genes was associated with a reduction in the frequency with which germinated spores formed haustorial initials. Histochemical and ultrastructural studies showed that the hypersensitive reaction(cell death seen as granulation) in response to epidermal cell penetration was a feature common to most interactions involving major genes for resistance. Adjacent palisade mesophyll cells 'frequently also showed signs of reaction which in severe cases resulted in cellular browning. A 1,3—glucan (probably callose) was deposited in the paramural space and lignin-like compounds appeared to accumulate in the walls and cytoplasmic contents of most reacting mesophyll cells. Callose deposition and lignification were also observed in responding epidermal cells. Infection development on partially resistant breeding lines was studied under laboratory, glasshouse and field conditions. Laboratory experiments revealed that partial resistance to S. humuli was expressed as a reduction in the number of fungal colonies established, an increase in the incubation period and reductions in both the extent and intensity of sporulation. Cellular necrosis was less obvious than in race specific resistance. Comparative studies showed that plants severely infected as seedlings in a glasshouse screen were also severely infected when adult in the hop garden. However, in overall terms there was a relatively poor correlation between the levels of sporulation on seedlings and adult plants of partially resistant breeding lines.
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Judd, Barslund Duane. "Hops Production in Virginia: Nutrition, Fungal Pathogens, and Cultivar Trials." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86196.
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In the United States, hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are grown mainly in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). For this reason, most cultural information is based on the growing conditions of the PNW. Growing conditions in Virginia differ drastically and present unique disease and production challenges. Three studies were conducted with the intent of increasing hop cultivation knowledge for Virginia growers. For the first study, 13 cultivars of hops grown at the Virginia Tech hop yard were compared for growth, yield, and quality. Mean cone fresh weight per plant ranged from 12.00 g for Mt. Hood to 1002.87 g for Crystal in 2016 and from 97.98 g for Mt. Hood to 900.33 g for Cascade in 2017. In 2016, only Alpharoma, Cascade, Mt. Rainier, and Southern Cross had alpha acid levels, an indicator of cone quality, within the accepted range. In 2017, Alpharoma, Centennial, Mt. Rainier, and Nugget had alpha acid levels within the expected range. Three cultivars (Cascade, Crystal, and Ultra) were above the expected alpha acid range, which indicates more bittering potential for beer brewers.
In a nutrient deficiency study, hop plants were grown in hydroponic solutions, and deficiencies were induced for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). After visual deficiency symptoms had been induced, leaf tissue samples were taken and analyzed for nutrient content. Images were taken at each deficiency stage. For N, incipient deficiency symptoms were observed at a mean of 3.18% dry weight in leaf tissue samples. Visual symptoms included a chlorotic appearance, undersized leaves, and red petioles. Incipient symptoms for P were observed at a mean of 0.307% dry weight in leaf tissue samples. Necrotic spots, leaf cupping, and undersized leaves were apparent with this deficiency. Incipient symptoms for K were observed at a mean of 1.21% dry weight in leaf tissue samples. Symptoms included rounded leaf tips, blue veins, and marginal scorch. In the third study, a whole leaf powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis) assay was developed and tested using five hop cultivars, Alpharoma, Cascade, Comet, Sorachi Ace, and Tahoma. Leaves were inoculated with powdery mildew (PM) using a settling tower. This method was used to rapidly assess the resistance of cultivars. Leaves were successfully inoculated and PM colonies were allowed to grow for two weeks. Images of the PM colony development on inoculated leaves were compared using ImageJ to determine percentage of coverage. Tahoma was the only cultivar found to produce a significantly different mean percent coverage (19.5%) compared with the resistant cultivars Cascade and Comet (<1%).Master of Science in Life Sciences
Hops (Humulus lupulus) were first grown in the United States in Massachusetts in the early 1600s. Production of this crop eventually spread throughout the Northeastern US. By the mid-1800s, commercial production spread to southern states such as Virginia. Infestation of pests, e.g., hop aphid and diseases such as downy mildew in eastern states, and prohibition on the production of alcohol caused a significant shift in hop production, which favored the Pacific Northwest (PNW). As a result, in Virginia specific knowledge of hop cultivation is now lacking. Three studies were conducted to increase our knowledge of hop cultivation for the region. For the first study, 13 cultivars grown at the Virginia Tech hop yard were compared for growth, yield, and quality. The cultivars Cascade and Alpharoma had alpha acid levels equal to or higher than expected for the 2016 and 2017 seasons. The alpha acid levels are an indicator of the hop quality from the Cascade and Alpharoma cultivars. Cascade was also a top producer of hop cones with a mean fresh weight of 989.67 g and 900.33 g in 2016 and 2017, respectively. In a nutrient deficiency study, plants were grown in Hoagland hydroponic solutions, which contain all essential nutrients needed for plant growth. This was done to provide photographic documentation to assist local growers with deficiency identification. Deficiencies were induced for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) by removing each of the specific nutrient of interest from each treatment solution. After deficiency symptoms were induced, leaf tissue samples were taken and analyzed for nutrient content. Nutrient deficiencies were documented using photographs. For N, visual symptoms included a chlorotic appearance, undersized leaves, and red petioles. Incipient symptoms for P included necrotic spots, leaf cupping, and undersized leaves. For K, leaf cupping, blue green veins, marginal scorch, and rounded leaf tips. Disease resistance of cultivars is important information for growers and can heavily influence hop yard planning. As such, in another study, an assay for powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis) was developed that allows for rapid low cost testing of hop cultivars. The assay was tested on the following cultivars: Alpharoma, Cascade, Comet, Sorachi Ace, and Tahoma. Leaves were inoculated with powdery mildew (PM) using a settling tower. Powdery mildew colonies were allowed to grow for two weeks and were then analyzed using ImageJ software to determine percent coverage. At the end of the experiment, Tahoma had significantly greater PM coverage compared to the other cultivars, indicating that Tahoma is less resistant to the specific PM strain.
Hops (Humulus lupulus) were first grown in the United States in Massachusetts in the early 1600s. Production of this crop eventually spread throughout the Northeastern US. By the mid-1800s, commercial production spread to southern states such as Virginia. Infestation of pests, e.g., hop aphid and diseases such as downy mildew in eastern states, and prohibition on the production of alcohol caused a significant shift in hop production, which favored the Pacific Northwest (PNW). As a result, in Virginia specific knowledge of hop cultivation is now lacking. Three studies were conducted to increase our knowledge of hop cultivation for the region. For the first study, 13 cultivars grown at the Virginia Tech hop yard were compared for growth, yield, and quality. The cultivars Cascade and Alpharoma had alpha acid levels equal to or higher than expected for the 2016 and 2017 seasons. The alpha acid levels are an indicator of the hop quality from the Cascade and Alpharoma cultivars. Cascade was also a top producer of hop cones with a mean fresh weight of 989.67 g and 900.33 g in 2016 and 2017, respectively. In a nutrient deficiency study, plants were grown in Hoagland hydroponic solutions, which contain all essential nutrients needed for plant growth. This was done to provide photographic documentation to assist local growers with deficiency identification. Deficiencies were induced for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) by removing each of the specific nutrient of interest from each treatment solution. After deficiency symptoms were induced, leaf tissue samples were taken and analyzed for nutrient content. Nutrient deficiencies were documented using photographs. For N, visual symptoms included a chlorotic appearance, undersized leaves, and red petioles. Incipient symptoms for P included necrotic spots, leaf cupping, and undersized leaves. For K, leaf cupping, blue green veins, marginal scorch, and rounded leaf tips. Disease resistance of cultivars is important information for growers and can heavily influence hop yard planning. As such, in another study, an assay for powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis) was developed that allows for rapid low cost testing of hop cultivars. The assay was tested on the following cultivars: Alpharoma, Cascade, Comet, Sorachi Ace, and Tahoma. Leaves were inoculated with powdery mildew (PM) using a settling tower. Powdery mildew colonies were allowed to grow for two weeks and were then analyzed using ImageJ software to determine percent coverage. At the end of the experiment, Tahoma had significantly greater PM coverage compared to the other cultivars, indicating that Tahoma is less resistant to the specific PM strain.
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Ndiaye, Susan Gloria. "Biological control of twospotted spider mite on hops in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524189700645233.
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Moré, Andre, and Ermias Gebremeskel. "HopsWorks : A project-based access control model for Hadoop." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175742.
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The growth in the global data gathering capacity is producing a vast amount of data which is getting vaster at an increasingly faster rate. This data properly analyzed can represent great opportunity for businesses, but processing it is a resource-intensive task. Sharing can increase efficiency due to reusability but there are legal and ethical questions that arise when data is shared. The purpose of this thesis is to gain an in depth understanding of the different access control methods that can be used to facilitate sharing, and choose one to implement on a platform that lets user analyze, share, and collaborate on, datasets. The resulting platform uses a project based access control on the API level and a fine-grained role based access control on the file system to give full control over the shared data to the data owner.I dagsläget så genereras och samlas det in oerhört stora mängder data som växer i ett allt högre tempo för varje dag som går. Den korrekt analyserade datan skulle kunna erbjuda stora möjligheter för företag men problemet är att det är väldigt resurskrävande att bearbeta. Att göra det möjligt för organisationer att dela med sig utav datan skulle effektivisera det hela tack vare återanvändandet av data men det dyker då upp olika frågor kring lagliga samt etiska aspekter när man delar dessa data. Syftet med denna rapport är att få en djupare förståelse för dom olika åtkomstmetoder som kan användas vid delning av data för att sedan kunna välja den metod som man ansett vara mest lämplig att använda sig utav i en plattform. Plattformen kommer att användas av användare som vill skapa projekt där man vill analysera, dela och arbeta med DataSets, vidare kommer plattformens säkerhet att implementeras med en projekt-baserad åtkomstkontroll på API nivå och detaljerad rollbaserad åtkomstkontroll på filsystemet för att ge dataägaren full kontroll över den data som delas
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Joseph, Beverley-Anne. "The effect of timing of stripping on hop production under South African conditions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97923.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Hops is a small, but important agricultural commodity in South Africa. The hop cones contain secondary metabolites responsible for the flavour, aroma and bitterness in beer. The George and Waboomskraal area are the best suited for growing hops due to climate and geographical location. The optimum latitude for hops growing is 45° - 54° north and south of the equator, while these areas are at 34° S. International hop varieties are not adapted to the South African climate. Winters are too warm and summer days too short, thus all the varieties grown in South Africa have been bred for these specific conditions. The Hop breeding and research program strives to develop internationally competitive varieties with higher yields, desirable brewing characteristics, reducing input costs and increased productivity. To evaluate the current agricultural practices and to determine whether some of these practices negatively affect the plant health and yield, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of the time of stripping. Stripping refers to the practice of removing basal growth of the lower laterals and untrained bines. The study was done in two different microclimates, namely George and Waboomskraal. The aim was to determine the effect of the time of stripping on the vegetative growth, light interception, biomass, soft resins (alpha and beta acids), yield, rootstock weights and carbohydrate concentrations. The effect of stripping was also evaluated on different planting systems and plant maturity, namely Tram lines and conventional planting and 3 years old versus 5 year old plants. The effect of early stripping in terms of dry weight on mature plants is considerably less than the effect on younger plants. Young plants delivered lower dry weights, but accumulated higher carbohydrate reserves in the early stripping treatment. On young plants early stripping showed a significant difference favouring yield on tramlines. There is a general trend across all sites of higher crop efficiencies in the early stripped treatments. Growers could significantly increase yields without negatively affecting the quality (alpha and beta acids) by applying early stripping, especially in the George area. The effect of early stripping becomes more apparent in consecutive years as the time of defoliation affects foliage, carbohydrate concentration, canopy microclimate and light interception resulting in increased yields, especially on tramlines. From this study it can be concluded that early stripping appeared to have an influence on the dry root weight, carbohydrate concentration, light interception, crop efficiencies, yield and biomass. This practice is not only environmentally friendly by using less herbicide, it also delivers an economic gain. The effect of the time of stripping in consecutive years and different varieties deserves further study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hops is 'n klein, maar belangrike landbou kommoditeit in Suid-Afrika. Die hopkeëls bevat sekondêre metaboliete wat verantwoordelik is vir die smaak, aroma en bitterheid van bier. Die George en Waboomskraal gebied is die beste geskik vir die kweek van hops, a.g.v. die klimaat en geografiese ligging. Die optimum breedtegraad vir hops verbouing is tussen 45° - 54° noord en suid van die ewenaar, waar hierdie gebiede by 34° S lê. Internasionale hops varieteite is nie aangepas by die Suid-Afrikaanse klimaat nie, want die winters is te warm en die daglengte in die somer is te kort. Al die variëteite in Suid Afrika is geteel vir dié spesifieke klimaatstoestande. Die Hopsteling en -navorsingprogram streef daarna om internasionaal mededingende varieteite met hoër opbrengste, verminderde insetkoste, verhoogde produktiwiteit en wenslike broueienskappe te ontwikkel. 'n Studie is gedoen om die effek van stropingstyd te evalueer en te identifiseer of hierdie praktyk negatiewe invloede op die gesondheid van plante en opbrengste het. Stroping verwys na die praktyk van die verwydering van basale groei van die laer laterale en onopgeleide ranke. Die studie is gedoen in twee verskillende mikroklimate, naamlik George en Waboomskraal. Die doel was om te bepaal wat die effek van stropingstyd op die vegetatiewe groei, lig onderskepping, biomassa, alfasure en betasure, opbrengs, wortelmassa en koolhidrate konsentrasies is. Die effek van stropingstyd was ook geëvalueer op verskillende plantsisteme en plant volwassenheid, naamlik Tramlyne en Konvensionele -plantsisteem, en 3 jaar oue teenoor 5 jaar oue plante. Die effek van vroeë stroping in terme van droë gewig op volwasse plante is aansienlik minder as die effek op jonger plante. Jong plante het laer droë gewig, maar hoër koolhidraat reserwes in die vroeë stroping behandeling gelewer. Vroë stroping van jong plante het ’n beduidende verskil getoon ten opsigte van opbrengste op die Tramlyn-plantsisteem. Daar is 'n algemene tendens op alle lokaliteite van hoër opbrengs doeltreffendheid in die vroeë stropings behandelings. Produsente, veral in die George area, kan opbrengste aansienlik verhoog sonder om die kwaliteit (alfa en beta sure) negatief te beïnvloed, deur die toepassing van vroeë stroping. Die effek van vroeë stroping word meer duidelik in agtereenvolgende jare, omdat die stropingstyd die koolhidrate konsentrasie, mikroklimaat binne in die hopranke en lig onderskepping wat lei tot verhoogde opbrengste, veral op die Tramlyn- plantsisteem, beïnvloed. Uit hierdie studie kan afgelei word dat vroeë stroping 'n invloed op die ligonderskepping, plantgewas doeltreffendheid, biomassa, opbrengs, droë wortelgewig en koolhidraatkonsentrasie het. Hierdie praktyk is nie net omgewingsvriendelik nie, maar gebruik minder onkruiddoder en lewer ekononomiese voordele vir die produsent. Die effek van stropingstyd op agtereenvolgende jare en verskillende varieteite verdien verdere studie.
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Gebremeskel, Mulubrhan Desta. "Computation offloading in a SWIPT-based two-hops cooperative fog network." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20209/.
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The number of connected wireless devices is skyrocketing. Every day more and more IoT devices are being added to the pool of network. Most of these devices are small in size, with less powerful computational capacity, and are also battery-operated. As these devices are energy-constrained, they have to smart enough to use the available energy wisely and at the same time perform the required operation.
This thesis work focuses on an estimation of computation offloading decision thresholds for a SWIPT-based cooperative fog network. There are two energy-constrained nodes, the end node and the relay node, and an access point that is connected to a power source. The goal of the thesis is to find the optimum offloading thresholds for both the end node and the relay node such that the network lifetime is maximized. The relay node can harvest energy from the AP indefinitely. However, the end node can harvest only if the relay node has already harvested enough energy during the packet interarrival period.
The simulation was run on MATLAB software. By varying the three parameters, the bandwidth, the packet size, and the packet arrival rate, various simulation results were obtained. In all the simulations, the proposed algorithm performed better than the other scenarios considered for comparison.
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Gustafsson, Erik. "Broiler producers´ perspectives on bacterial resilience; evaluating a potential of hops." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388656.
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An interview study was undertaken to explore Swedish broiler producers´ views for the potential of hops (H. lupulus L.) to reduce reliance on ionophorous coccidiostats in broiler production. The design was a mixed methodology between grounded theory and case study with a semi structured interview method. Nine producers, four using ionophorous coccidiostats and five without reliance in production accepted interview. During interviews participants were presented to research conducted with hops in production and consequences from ionophores in production. All participants thought the risk from pathogen pressure was too great to cut reliance in intensive production owed to the lower efficacy of hops. Therefore owed to how actors in the Swedish food system behave only small producers with enough economical freedom for reduced stocking densities were regarded to be able to uphold animal health with hops. Six parameters within food systems were regarded as leverage points for a potential of hops in production on a larger societal scale if encouraging a more extensive nationwide production system. Those were: purchase will, small local production, increased responsibility within trade, law, elevated consumers and research. Law was seen as a necessity to enforce all other denominators since economical in food systems tend to override social and ecological dimensions. Consequences from power struggle in food systems disfavoring producers has although resulted in a great distrust towards other system actors such as consumers, legal institutions or wholesalers. That has created a reluctance to interact with other system actors even for common goals. A stronger position to other actors in food systems was regarded as increasing a meaningful outcome from interaction. Four parameters emerged as impacting power relations in a system the most: Purchase will, contracts, own designed production and law. Favorable purchase will and law would contribute the most for increasing adaptivity for alternatives in production by impacting on power relations. No producers had observed indicators of bacterial resistance from ionophorous coccidiostat usage. Lack of research for many years in the field was troublesome for how to develop the enterprise according to participants. Especially in relation to Norway that has abolished the static use of ionophorous coccidiostats in production. About half of the participants although regarded a shift in research towards consequences from intensive production as equally important as focusing on alternative antimicrobials.
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Kabir, Sohag, K. Aslansefat, I. Sorokos, Y. Papadopoulos, and Y. Gheraibia. "A Conceptual Framework to Incorporate Complex Basic Events in HiP-HOPS." Springer, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17423.
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YesReliability evaluation for ensuring the uninterrupted system operation is an integral part of dependable system development. Model-based safety analysis (MBSA) techniques such as Hierarchically Performed Hazard Origin and Propagation Studies (HiP-HOPS) have made the reliability analysis process less expensive in terms of effort and time required. HiP-HOPS uses an analytical modelling approach for Fault tree analysis to automate the reliability analysis process, where each system component is associated with its failure rate or failure probability. However, such non-state-space analysis models are not capable of modelling more complex failure behaviour of component like failure/repair dependencies, e.g., spares, shared repair, imperfect coverage, etc. State-space based paradigms like Markov chain can model complex failure behaviour, but their use can lead to state-space explosion, thus undermining the overall analysis capacity. Therefore, to maintain the benefits of MBSA while not compromising on modelling capability, in this paper, we propose a conceptual framework to incorporate complex basic events in HiP-HOPS. The idea is demonstrated via an illustrative example.
DEIS H2020 Project under Grant 732242.
The full-text of this chapter will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 12 Oct 2021.
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Tongngok, Pajaree. "An alternative mechanism by which the Notch signal is induced via the endocytic pathway." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-alternative-mechanism-by-which-the-notch-signal-is-induced-via-the-endocytic-pathway(5ce16a6f-8c6d-4c5a-84dc-6bc4e2a3f716).html.
Full textAbstract:
The Notch signalling pathway plays an essential role in cell-fate decisions and morphogenesis, and is frequently ectopically activated in human cancers. The signal is initiated through DSL ligand-dependent Notch proteolysis, which releases its intracellular domain. However, over-expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Deltex can bypass the requirement for Notch ligands and ectopically activate Notch by directing it into the endocytic pathway. It has been shown that Deltex induced endocytic-Notch signalling, but not DSL-induced signalling, requires both HOPS and AP-3 complex components that mediate trafficking to lysosomes and related organelles. I showed through a combination of the analysis of the dxsm mutant allele and by expression of mutant forms of Deltex in cell culture, that the C-terminal region of Deltex is important for Notch signalling, but is not required for Notch endocytosis. This suggests that the C-terminal region contains an interaction site that may direct endocytosed Notch to the correct endocytic compartment. A key question however was whether this endocytic pathway is utilised for full Notch signaling in normal development alongside the canonical activation mechanism. I therefore investigated the expression of Drosophila midline single-minded (sim), which is a Notch signal reporter gene, and embryonic neurogenesis which is repressed by Notch signalling. I found that deltex, HOPS and AP-3 mutants displayed gaps in sim expression and also a neurogenic phenotype similar to Notch loss-of-function, and consistent with a role for ligand-independent Notch activation in normal development. I found that the penetrance of these phenotypes increased when flies were cultured at higher temperature. These results suggest that Dx/HOPS/AP-3-dependent Notch activation provides a developmental robustness to the Notch signalling network. It was also found that AP-3 and HOPS components have an additional role in regulating cell survival, which is partially separable in time using a temperature shift assay. I also revealed a requirement of maternal Notch for cell survival in early embryonic development, which may be related to the HOPS-dependent function. Comparison of deltex, AP-3 and HOPS mutant phenotypes suggested that there may be functional redundancy of deltex with components that regulate Notch endocytosis, and of AP-3 with proteins that mediate subsequent trafficking to the late endosome/lysosome. Finally I characterised the molecular lesions of an allele of the HOPS component light and the AP-3 component ruby and identified lesions which were consistent with the loss-of-function of these genes.
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Bryant, Nichole Elizabeth. "The Effect of Alcohol and Bitterness Levels on Brewing Yeast Viability." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1995.
Full textAbstract:
Two of the most popular beer styles within the craft brewing industry are India Pale Ales (IPA’s) and those with high alcohol by volume (ABV). Production of these styles requires high gravity fermentation and high amounts of bittering hops in order to reach the required values for ABV and International Bitterness units (IBU) respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of high gravity fermentation and high IBU levels on yeast viability and repitching cycles.
An initial experiment on high gravity fermentations was done in order to assess the effects this variable had alone. Successive five day fermentations employing serial re-pitching were performed on worts with low (10 °P), medium (14 °P), and high (18 °P) gravity levels. The minimum viability for repitching established for this study was 85%. Once the viability of a sample fell below this minimum, it would not be suitable for repitching. It was found that increasing gravity level led to lower viabilities at the end of the fermentation period. Viability decreased further as fermentation generation increased for the high gravity samples. Yeast harvested from low gravity fermentations could be repitched up to eight times. Medium and high gravity fermentations could be repitched up to five times.
This study was repeated at single gravity levels with low (25), medium (50) and high (75) IBU levels. A loss in viability with increased IBU levels over serial re-pitching cycles in the low gravity wort (10 ºP) was observed. It was found that at the low gravity level, yeast could be repitched eight times at the low IBU level, five times at the medium IBU level, and four times at the high IBU level.
When the experiment was repeated with medium and high gravity worts, the results indicated that the compound effects of increased gravity and IBU levels significantly reduced yeast viability throughout re-pitching cycles and thus limits the number of times that this yeast could be reused when compared to low gravity and low IBU fermentations. Medium gravity fermentations could be repitched three times at the low IBU level and twice at the medium and high IBU levels. High gravity fermentations could be repitched three times at all IBU levels.
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Thornton, Sarah. "Record hops to raves : authenticity and subcultural capital in music and media cultures." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261836.
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Clark, Jonathan. "Screening for Allelopathic Potential and Self Facilitation in Japanese Hops (Humulus japonicus, Cannabaceae)." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10014413.
Full textAbstract:
Japanese hops (Humulus japonicus) is an introduced species from eastern Asia whose current distribution extends over most of the eastern U.S.A. H. japonicus is capable of rapid growth and can form dense blankets of foliage. It's been observed that native species fare poorly in the presence of H. japonicus. A set of experiments were designed to test for the potential of H. japonicus to produce chemicals that may inhibit germination and growth in its competitors. A standard laboratory germination assay was preformed using extracts from foliar material of H. japonicus testing for inhibition in germination of 3 target species—Festuca rubra, Raphanus sativus, and Lactuca sativa. A field experiment using soils from areas colonized with H. japonicus and adjacent areas where hops was absent was preformed looking for and effect on germination and growth in silver maple (Acer saccharinum). Lastly a laboratory assay was designed using extracts obtained from soils, colonized with H. japonicus and without, investigating the potential for H. japonicus to promote its own germination. The results of the germination assay showed a consistent and significant delay in germination in all target species treated with H. japonicus foliar extract vs. controls. The field trial showed a significant delay in germination in A. saccharinum as well. Humulus japonicus also proved to promote its own germination in soils occupied by H. japonicus vs. controls. These results support the idea that H. japonicus may use allelopathic chemicals to delay or inhibit germination in native competitors while promoting its own success.
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Kouzoupis, Antonios. "High performance shared state schedulers." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-196145.
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Large organizations and research institutes store a huge volume of data nowadays.In order to gain any valuable insights distributed processing frameworks over acluster of computers are needed. Apache Hadoop is the prominent framework fordistributed storage and data processing. At SICS Swedish ICT we are building Hops, a new distribution of Apache Hadoop relying on a distributed, highly available MySQL Cluster NDB to improve performance. Hops-YARN is the resource management framework of Hops which introduces distributed resource management, load balancing the tracking of resources in a cluster. In Hops-YARN we make heavy usage of the back-end database storing all the resource manager metadata and incoming RPCs to provide high fault tolerance and very short recovery time. This project aims in optimizing the mechanisms used for persisting metadata in NDB both in terms of transactional commit time but also in terms of pre-processing them. Under no condition should the in-memory RM state diverge from the state stored in NDB. With these goals in mind several solutions were examined that improved the performance of the system, making Hops-YARN comparable to Apache YARN with the extra benefits of high-fault tolerance and short recovery time. The solutions proposed in this thesis project enhance the pure commit time of a transaction to the MySQL Cluster and the pre-processing and parallelism of our Transaction Manager. The results indicate that the performance of Hops increased dramatically, utilizing more resources on a cluster with thousands of machines. Increasing the cluster utilization by a few percentages can save organizations a big amount of money.Nu för tiden lagrar stora organisationer och forskningsinstitutioner enorma mängder data.För att kunna utvinna någon värdefull information från dessa data behöver den bearbetasav ett kluster av datorer. När flera datorer gemensamt ska bearbeta data behöver de utgåfrån ett så kallat "distributed processing framework''. I dagsläget är Apache Hadoop detmest använda ramverket för distribuerad lagring och behandling av data. Detta examensarbeteär har genomförts vid SICS Swedish ICT där vi byggt Hops, en ny distribution avApache Hadoop som drivs av ett distribuerat MySQL Cluster NDB som erbjuder en hög tillgänglighet.Hops-YARN är Hops ramverk för resurshantering med distribuerade ResourceManagers som lastbalanserarderas ResourceTrackerService. I detta examensarbete använder vi Hops-Yarn på ett sätt där ``back-end''databasen flitigt används för att hantera ResourceManagerns metadata och inkommande RPC-anrop. Vårkonfiguration erbjuder en hög feltolerans och återställer sig mycket snabbt vidfelberäkningar. Vidare används NDB-klustrets Event API för att ResourceManager ska kunnakommunicera med den distribuerade ResourceTrackers. Detta projekt syftar till att optimera de mekanismer som används för ihållande metadatai NDB både i termer av transaktions begå tid men också i termer av pre-bearbeta dem medan samtidigt garantera enhetlighet i RM: s tillstånd. ResourceManagerns tillståndi RAM-minnet får under inga omständigheteravvika från det tillstånd som finns lagrat i NDB:n. Med dessa mål i åtanke undersöktes fleralösningar som förbättrar prestandan och därmed gör Hops-Yarn jämförbart med Apache YARN.De lösningar som föreslås i denna uppsats förbättrar “pure commit time” när en transaktiongörs i ett MySQL Cluster samt förbehandlingen och parallelismen i vår Transaction Manager.Resultaten tyder på att Hops prestanda ökade dramatiskt vilket ledde till ett effektivarenyttjande av tillgängliga resurser i ett kluster bestående av ett tusental datorer. Närnyttjandet av tillgänliga resurser i ett kluster förbättras med några få procent kanorganisationer spara mycket pengar.
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Axman, Justin. "Effects of hops β-acid extract (Humulus lupulus L.) on cattle performance and fermentation by ruminal microbes." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20569.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Animal Sciences and Industry
James S. Drouillard
Hops β-acid extract was fed to 80 heifers (389 ± 23.6 kg initial BW) to assess impact on feedlot performance and ruminal fermentation. Heifers were randomly assigned to individual pens and fed once daily for 147 d. Treatments were a control (no additive); 33 mg monensin (Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN)/kg diet DM; and 10, 25, 50 mg β-acid extract of hops (DSM Nutritional Products, France)/kg diet DM. Ruminal fluid was collected on d 44 and 86 by rumenocentesis for analyses of VFA, lactate, and NH[subscript]3 concentrations. Cattle were harvested at a commercial abattoir on d 147. Hops β-acids decreased propionate (P = 0.01) concentrations and increased caproate (P = 0.05), A:P (P = 0.04), and ammonia concentrations (P = 0.03) compared to monensin. Growth performance of heifers fed β-acid or monensin was not different than that of heifers fed the control diet. Additionally, two in vitro studies were conducted to evaluate effects of hops β-acid extract on starch fermentation by mixed microbial populations from the bovine rumen. In trial 1, 2 treatments were assigned in triplicate to fermentation bottle, fitted with Ankom[superscript]RF1 Gas Production System modules (Ankom[superscript]RF Technology, Macedon, NY) using starch as substrate (Difco Soluble Starch; Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD) and either 0 or 33 mg hops β-acid extract (10.99% active hops beadlet; DSM Nutritional Products, France)/kg substrate. Gas production was measured over 30 h. Terminal pH, IVDMD, and VFA and lactate were measured after 30 h of fermentation. Gas production increased in response to β-acid (P ≤ 0.05). Terminal pH, IVDMD, VFA, and lactate were unaffected by addition of β-acid extract (P ≤ 0.05). In trial 2, pH, VFA concentrations, and IVDMD were measured at 6-h intervals during a 30-h incubation period using 36 fermentation tubes. There was no effect of hops β-acid on in vitro fermentation (P > 0.05). In conclusion, under the conditions of these experiments, hops β- acid extracts hops had little impact on feedlot performance, though there are indications of an impact on ruminal fermentation.
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Grana, Gutiérrez Braulio. "Dataset versioning for Hops File System : Snapshotting solution for reliable and reproducible data science experiments." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215722.
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As the awareness of the potential of Big Data arises, more and more companies are starting to create their own Data Science divisions and their projects are becoming big and complex handled by big multidisciplinary teams. Furthermore, with the expansion of fields such as Deep Learning, Data Science is becoming a very popular research field both in companies and universities. In this context it becomes crucial for Data Scientists to be able to reproduce their experiments and test them against previous models developed in previous versions of a dataset. This Master Thesis project presents the design and implementation of a snapshotting system for the distributed File System HopsFS based on Apache HDFS and developed at the Swedish Institute of Computer Science (SICS). This project improves on previous solutions designed for both HopsFS and HDFS by solving problems such as the handling of incomplete blocks in snapshots while also adding new features such as the automatic snapshots to allow users to undo the last few changes made in a file. Finally, an analysis of the implementation was performed in order to compare it to the previous state of HopsFS and calculate the impact of the solution on the different operations performed by the system. Said analysis showed an increase of around 40% in the time needed to perform operations such as read and write with different workloads due mostly to the new database queries used in this solution.När kunskapen om Big Data-potentialen uppstår, börjar allt fler företag skapa egna datavetenskapsavdelningar och deras projekt blir stora och komplexa hanteras av stora tvärvetenskapliga team. Vidare, med expansionen av fält som Deep Learning, blir datavetenskap ett mycket populärt forskningsområde både i företag och universitet.I detta sammanhang blir det avgörande för datavetenskapare att kunna reproducera sina experiment och testa dem mot tidigare modeller som utvecklats i tidigare versioner av en dataset. Detta masterprojekt presenterar design och implementeringav ett ögonblickssystem för det distribuerade filsystemet HopsFS baserat påApache HDFS och utvecklat på SICS.Detta projekt förbättras på tidigare lösningar utformade för både HopsFSoch HDFS genom att lösa problem som hantering av ofullständiga block i ögonblicksbilder samtidigt som du lägger till nya funktioner som de automatiska ögonblicksbilderna så att användarna kan ångra de senaste ändringarna i en fil.Slutligen genomfördes en analys av genomförandet för att jämföra det med HopsFS tidigare tillstånd och beräkna lösningens inverkan på de olika operationersom utförts av systemet. Nämnda analys visade en ökning på omkring 40 %i den tid som behövs för att utföra operationer som läs och skriv med olikaarbetsbelastningar, för det mesta beror på denna lösning.
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Walker, Julie Ann. "A comparative study of Verticillium albo-atrum isolates causing fluctuating and progressive wilt of hops." Thesis, University of Bath, 1985. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355655.
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A comparative study was made of physiological and biochemical properties in vitro and of pathogenicity to hop of fluctuating (M) and progressive (V) isolates of Verticillium albo-atrum (Vaa). Symptoms were expressed on leaves 1-3 nodes behind the invasion front in bines. However, symptom expression and reduction in vascular flow in petioles occurred prior to petiolar colonization. Rates of colonization by M and V isolates in susceptible hops were similar. Assessment of numerous enzyme activities, and growth rates on a wide range of carbohydrates indicated considerable variation but did not enable differentiation of M and V isolates. Extracellular polygalacturonase activity was detected from the start of germination and differences in production between M and V isolates were apparent during the first 24 h. Iso-electric focusing of polygalacturonidases revealed no bands unique to any isolate but > 14 separate isozymes were common to Vaa isolates from hop, tomato and V. dahliae (ex cotton). No evidence was found of a Vaa toxin able to alter host cell permeability. Culture fluids contained high molecular weight polysaccharide(s) and caused a rapid decrease in vascular flow rates through excised petioles. There were apparently no host enzymes capable of degrading the polysaccharide(s). Resistance to Vaa of some cultivars was not related to vessel- lengths in bine, root or petiole. A high proportion of conidia were rapidly bound within xylem vessels; also proteins from hop agglutinated conidia, but neither phenomenon was influenced by isolate virulence or host resistance. 2-D electrophoresis of proteins from mycelium also failed to reveal differences between M and V isolates, but did distinguish Vaa from V. dahliae. Vascular occlusion was artificially induced in hop shoots and roots by infiltration with auxin (NAA), Vaa conidia or both. The extent and speed of occlusion was not determined by isolate virulence. Gels formed in 2 days, tyloses in 4-8 days and phenolic infusion of the vessels and occluding structures followed soon after tylosis. Antifungal compounds, induced similarly by inoculation with M or V isolates, were extracted from hop tissue. They caused slight inhibition of Vaa germ-tube growth. No pre-formed inhibitors were detected. Hop isolates of Vaa colonised and produced symptoms on four non-host species but M and V isolates displayed similar virulence to these species. The relative pathogenicity of M and V isolates is discussed and it is suggested that these isolates do not exist as two distinct strains, but exhibit a continuum of pathogenicity.
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Gomez, Paredes Dassha Limni, and Reyes Shoselyn Licy Paredes. "Evaluación de las estrategias de marketing experiencial y sensorial orientado a cervezas artesanales : caso Hops." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9935.
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El uso de herramientas innovadoras, actualmente, es el motor que impulsa el
posicionamiento de una marca. En tal sentido, las empresas deben prestar atención a las
tendencias, el entorno y los servicios y productos que ofrecen ya que el consumidor no es ajeno a
estos cambios; por ende, las decisiones de compra que toma son más exigentes, no solo se basan
en la relación costo/beneficio que se ofrece sino que busca un valor adicional.
Siguiendo esta línea, el Marketing Experiencial y Sensorial aparecen como herramientas
innovadoras frente a mercados saturados, donde se hace cada vez más difícil el poder
diferenciarse, al brindar experiencias únicas y memorables afianza el vínculo entre el consumidor
y la marca.
En este sentido, la presente investigación busca evaluar las estrategias de Marketing
Experiencial y Sensorial que son aplicadas por Hops con la finalidad de determinar cuál es el
efecto que causa en la experiencia del consumidor; y a partir de ello, desarrollar una propuesta de
mejora.
La investigación tiene un alcance correlacional con un enfoque mixto. Se utilizará la
encuesta en base a la metodología de las cuatro esferas de la experiencia para determinar la
relevancia de los factores seleccionados en base al servicio brindado por Hops siendo analizados
a través de la herramienta ofimática IBM SPSS Amos. De igual forma, se complementará dicha
información con técnicas de recolección de datos como entrevistas a profundidad a especialistas,
observación in situ y focus groups.
Como resultado del análisis, se exponen las conclusiones y recomendaciones de la
investigación. Asimismo, se plantea una propuesta de mejora en base a las cuatro esferas de la
experiencia, detallando estrategias por cada factor relevante para Hops que puedan potenciar el
marketing que actualmente aplican.Tesis
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Yedurupak, Aruna Kumari. "Multitenant PrestoDB as a service." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-222359.
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In recent years, there has been tremendous growth in both the volumes of data that is produced, stored, and queried by organizations. Organizations spend more money to investigate and obtain useful information or knowledge against terabytes and even petabytes of data. Large-scale data analysis is the key functionality provided by Big Data platforms. Previously, data platforms would get the information from unstructured data in the form of files, text, and videos. In recent times, the Hadoop stack has played a vital role in Big Data, becoming the defector open source software used to process and analyze Big Data. Hops is a Hadoop distribution developed by KTH and RISE SICS. Hops modifies the Hadoop stack by moving the meta-data for YARN and HDFS to NDB, an open-source in-memory distributed database. HopsWorks is the User Interface for Hops and provides support for multi-tenant users, as well as self-service, graphical access to frameworks such as Hadoop, Flink, Spark, Kafka, and Kibana. HopsWorks currently does not provide a SQL-on-Hadoop service, although work is ongoing for supporting Hive. Presto is one of the main SQL-on-Hadoop platform, but, currently, Presto does not provide multi-tenancy support for users. This thesis investigates providing multitenancy support to Presto with the help of HopsWorks, including both the security problem and the self-service UI requirements of HopsWorks. Presto is a distributed SQL query Engine which can run SQL queries against up to petabytes of data. As HopsWorks provides UI access to services, we decided to build our UI for Presto on an existing open-source UI for Presto, called Airpal, developed by Airbnb. This provided solution of the thesis divided into two functionalities. First one, maintain two separate Applications (HopsWorks and Airpal Applications) run by the help of two JVMs and maintain ProxyServlet to control traffic between them. Second one HopsWorks-Presto-service leverages HopsWorks access-control (Data owner and Data-scientist) and self-service security model. The evaluation of the thesis used qualitative approach by comparing HopsWorks-PrestoService with standalone PrestoDB and comparing HopsWorks-PrestoService with HopsWorks without Presto-Service.De senaste åren, har det varit en avsevärd ökning vad gäller mängden av data som produceras, lagras och som används för analys av olika organisationer. Organisationer spenderar mer pengar för att undersöka och extrahera information och insikter i enorma datavolymer på flera terabyte eller petabyte. Storskalig dataanalys är en central funktionalitet som tillhandahålls av Big Data plattformar. I tidigare tillvägagångssätt hämtade data plattformaro-strukturerade data i form av filer, texter och videoklipp. I nutid, så har Hadoop-stacken spelat en kärnroll i Big Data, och blivit en viktig öppen källkod mjukvara som används för att processera och analysera Big Data. Hops är en Hadoop distribution som har utvecklats av KTH och RISE SICS. Hops tillför ändringar till Hadoop stacken genom att migrera metadata för YARN och HDFS till NDB, en öppen källkod i-minnet distribuerad databas. HopsWorks är ett användargränssnitt för Hops och tillför stöd för flera användare, med tillgång till självservice och tjänster såsom Hadoop, Flink, Spark, Kafka och Kibana. HopsWorks stödjer i nuläget inte någon SQL på Hadoop tjänst, även om arbete utförs i nuläget för att integrera Hive. Presto är en av de mest populära SQL på Hadoop plattformarna, men i nuläget så stödjer inte Presto flera användare. Den här uppsatsen utreder stöd för flera användare i Presto med hjälp av HopsWorks, både vad gäller säkerhetsproblem och självservice i HopsWorks. Presto är en distribuerad SQL frågespråk motor som kan ställa frågor mot upp till petabyte med data. Eftersom HopsWorks tillhandahåller ett gränssnitt för att interagera med tjänster, beslutade vi oss att bygga ett gränssnitt för Presto på det existerande öppen källkod gränssnittet för Presto, vid namn AirPal, utvecklat av Airbnb. Den utvecklade lösningen för uppsatsen kan delas in i två delar. Den första delen, att hantera två separata applikationer (HopsWorks och AirPal) som kör med hjälp av två Java virtuella maskiner och använder en ProxyServlet för att kontrollera trafik mellan dom. Den andra, HopsWorks-Presto-service som tillhandahåller HopsWorks åtkomstkontroll (Dataägare och Dataforskare) och en självservice säkerhetsmodell. Utvärderingen i uppsatsen är att genom ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt jämföra HopsWorks-Presto-service med en fristående PrestoDB och jämföra HopsWorks-Presto-service med HopsWorks utan Presto-service.
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Dzikas, Paulius. "Skirtingų apynių veislių (Humulus lupulus L.) eterinių aliejų analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080605_090016-27886.
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Darbe buvo koncentruojamasi ties eterinių aliejų tyrimais. Šie tyrimai yra aktualūs, nes nustatoma vis daugiau naudingų savybių, kurias turi junginiai esantys eteriniuose aliejuose. Kai kurie junginiai veikia įvairius neurotransmitorius, kai kurie virusus, o kai kurie netgi genus. Dėl šių priežasčių buvo atliekamas įvairių apynių ekstraktų tyrimas. Buvo tiriamos daugiau nei 20 veislių ekstraktų iš kurių žaliavos buvo gaminami trijų tipų ekstraktai: superkritinių skysčių pagalba gautas apynių spurgų ekstraktas, vandens distiliacijos būdu gautas ekstraktas ir apynių stiebų superkritinių skysčių ekstrakcijos pagalba gauti ekstraktai. Gautų ekstraktų komponenčių detekcija ir atpažinimas buvo vykdomas Shimadzu QP2010 DC-MS su autoinjektoriumi.The composition of essential oil in hops depends mainly on hop variety and less on growing, processing and storage conditions. They can be used in medicine, brew and etc.. Essential oils can effect some neurotransmitors, viruses, gene, metabolism in many ways. That’s way is so important to research essential oils of hops. The research was concentrated on determination of components of essential oils were extract in two ways. We analized not only coins of hops, but also tried to detect essential oils in stem. Determination of compounds were execute using Shimadzu QP2010 GC-MS system with autoinjector. After that results of analysis were processed with statistical program. Assay didn’t surprised, but to reach good reliability hops needed not only researches of essential oils, but also and other material you can found in them.
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Behrmann, Heide [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zur Struktur und Funktion der class C Vps Tethering-Komplexe HOPS und CORVET / Heide Behrmann." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/107081993X/34.
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Novotný, Jan. "Marketing turistické nabídky města Žatce." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71794.
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The thesis analyses the marketing of tourism offer of the town of Žatec with a particular emphasis on its principal product -- the Temple of Hops and Beer. Its main objective is to formulate proposals of specific marketing measures for the popularization of the general tourism offer of the town of Žatec and the Temple of Hops and Beer for the last quarter of the year 2011 and 2012. After defining the main tourist industry attractions of Žatec, the thesis builts upon the SWOT analysis and 5P marketing mix. In the case of the Temple of Hops and Beer the paper presents a proposal of the marketing plan incorporating 5C marketing approach, which assesses the above-mentioned product from a broader visitor's point of view. Both approaches are adjusted to budget and public administration management rules. This thesis' conclusion will serve as an input for the tourism industry subjects in Žatec in accordance with the development strategies approved on local, regional, as well as national level.
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Eyres, Graham Terence, and n/a. "Determination of character-impact odorants in hop essential oils using hyphenated techniques in gas chromatography." University of Otago. Department of Food Science, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080125.143442.
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Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are an indispensable component of beer, with the essential oil responsible for imparting distinctive odour and aroma characteristics to beer. However, not all character-impact odorants in hop essential oil have been identified and hop aroma in beer is still not completely understood. The composition of hop essential oil is very complex with 485 compounds currently identified in the literature, and recent research suggests that up to 1000 compounds may actually be present. Only a certain number will be present at concentrations above threshold and make a direct contribution to the odour of the oil. In addition, many important odorants are only present at trace concentrations. Gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) using human assessors is the best way to locate potent odorants and facilitate their identification.
A novel methodology was developed to identify the character-impact odorants in hop essential oil samples using hyphenated techniques in gas chromatography. GC-O was used to locate odour active compounds and determine relative importance using CharmAnalysis[TM] according to the odour potency principle. Due to the chemical complexity of the samples, considerable co-elution of peaks occurs during single column gas chromatography (1DGC), making the detection and identification of character-impact odorants challenging. Therefore, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) was used to resolve and identify compounds eluting in the odour active regions.
The methodology was developed in a case study on coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and wild coriander (Eryngium foetidum) leaf essential oils. During GC-O analysis of these samples it was recognised that odour active regions frequently coincide with several co-eluting compounds. To address this, a heart-cut multidimensional gas chromatography-olfactometry (MDGC-O) instrument was developed to resolve these 'co-eluting odour clusters' and determine the compound(s) responsible for the odour perception.
The 'spicy' character of hops is considered to be a desirable attribute in beer associated with 'noble hop aroma'. However, the compounds responsible have yet to be adequately elucidated. This character was investigated using a commercial 'Spicy' fraction of hop essential oil, selectively enriched for monoterpene and sesquiterpene alcohols. The odour active compounds in (i) the spicy fractions and (ii) the whole essential oils of four different hop varieties were compared using the presented methodology.
A compound with an intense 'woody, cedarwood' odour was determined to be a potent, character-impact odorant in all samples. This odour coincided with a complex region of the chromatogram where up to thirteen compounds were co-eluting. The peak responsible for this odour was determined by (i) correlation of peak areas with odour potency (Charm) values and (ii) MDGC-O. The compound was tentatively identified by GCxGC-TOFMS as 14-hydroxy-β-caryophyllene, which has not previously been reported as an odorant in hop essential oil. It was concluded that this compound and other 'woody, cedarwood' odorants contributed to the 'spicy' character of the investigated hop samples. Compounds previously associated with noble hop aroma, notably caryophyllene oxide, humulene epoxides I and II, and humulenol II, did not contribute to the odour character of the hop samples.
Other potent odorants that were identified in the whole essential oil and spicy fractions of hops were: geraniol, linalool, β-ionone, eugenol, isovaleric acid, and β-damascenone. While myrcene was a moderately potent odorant in the whole hop essential oil samples, the abundant sesquiterpene hydrocarbons α-humulene, β-caryophyllene and β-farnesene did not significantly contribute to the odour character.
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Williams, Jeanne. "The effects of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and silymarin on performance and health of newly weaned pigs." Thesis, Open University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437778.
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The ban of antimicrobial growth promoters in pig production has resulted in an increased interest in investigating the effects of different alternatives, which can reduce the problems post weaning and improve the performance in piglets. Initially two botanical extracts with different properties were investigated: hops, which have antibacterial properties and silymarin, which is used for liver disorders. The first experiment showed that hops and silymarin had beneficial effects on FCR in piglets (P = 0.014) by 9.6% and 15.8%, respectively. Furthermore, hops significantly improved someo f the measuredli ver enzymes,s o it was decidedt o focus on hops only. Two further experiments were carried out examining the effects of different concentrations of hops and isolated hop compounds (iso-a acids and ß-acids), and the combination with organic acids in weanerp igs. A higher inclusion level of hops was associatedw ith a better FCR, and the isolated hop compounds also resulted in an improved FCR (P = 0.027) by 9.2%. The addition of an organic acid mixture did not affect the performance. An in vitro experiment confirmed that hops and isolated hop compounds had antibacterial properties. To try and elucidate the mechanism by which the hops and the isolated hop compounds improved the FCR, the effects on the gut flora were studied in the piglets. Both the hops and the iso-a acids and ß-acids reduced the level of lactic acid bacteria and the level of Bacteriodes in one of the two experiments, but no effects were seen on the other bacteria. This lead to investigate the effects of hops/isolated hop compounds on the level of volatile fatty acids, digestibility and level of digestive enzymes and level of liver enzymes. However, none of these parameters gave conclusive results about the mode of action of hops/isolated hop compounds in the piglet.
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Taniguchi, Yoshimasa. "Chemical studies on bitter acid oxides derived from hops (Humulus lupulus L.) in beer brewing and storage." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225323.
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Skudlarek, Jamie R. G. "ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF EDIBLE SOY PROTEIN ISOLATE FILMS AND COATINGS INCORPORATED WITH HOP ETHANOL EXTRACT AND THE INFLUENCE ON SHELF-LIFE AND SENSORY ATTRIBUTES OF BOLOGNA." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/11.
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There is demand for improved security of refrigerated ready-to-eat meats. Antimicrobial edible films and coatings could function as an added barrier against post-processing contamination. Hops and hop extracts are known for their antimicrobial efficacy which is attributed to key antimicrobial components including humulones, lupulones, xanthohumol and various terpenoids. Yet, hop ethanol extract has not been studied as an antimicrobial to incorporate into edible protein films and/or coatings. The overall objective of this research was to evaluate hop ethanol extract as an antimicrobial agent incorporated into edible soy protein isolate (SPI) films and coatings, and the influence on the shelf-life and sensory attributes of bologna.
Hop ethanol extract was examined for minimum inhibitory concentration before the extract was incorporated into a 6% SPI solution at 0, 10, and 20% levels to determine antimicrobial efficacy as a cast film and simulated coating via zone of inhibition against Listeria monocytogenes strains ATCC 4644, UKADL and ATCC 49594. The results showed that hop ethanol extract alone was inhibitory of all three strains. Moreover, the hop ethanol extract, when incorporated at 10 and 20% (v/v) into edible soy protein isolate (SPI) films and simulated coatings, exhibited antimicrobial action against all three L. monocytogenes strains. Key antimicrobial components, as mentioned above, were identified in the hop ethanol extract via mass spectrometry.
The SPI with 10% incorporated hop ethanol extract (SPI+10%hop) antimicrobial coating was applied to bologna, prepared in lab without L. monocytogenes inhibitors, where it exhibited a significant (P ≤ 0.05) bacteriostatic effect against strain ATCC 4644. The SPI+10% hop coating was then applied to a commercial bologna to examine effects on shelf-life and sensory attributes. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found in instrumental red and yellow colors, however not in sensory color. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) found in measured lipid oxidation between the bologna with no coating, SPI coating or SPI+10%hop coating. The incorporation of hop did exhibit a slightly bitter taste. Overall, these findings indicate that the SPI+10%hop antimicrobial coating functioned as an inhibitor of L. monocytogenes while producing minimal effects on shelf-life and sensory attributes of bologna.
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Johansson, David. "An Evaluation of Shortest Path Algorithms on Real Metropolitan Area Networks." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17491.
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This thesis examines some of the best known algorithms for solving the shortest point-to-point path problem, and evaluates their performance on real metropolitan area networks. The focus has mainly been on Dijkstra‟s algorithm and different variations of it, and the algorithms have been implemented in C# for the practical tests. The size of the networks used in this study varied between 358 and 2464 nodes, and both running time and representative operation counts were measured.
The results show that many different factors besides the network size affect the running time of an algorithm, such as arc-to-node ratio, path length and network structure. The queue implementation of Dijkstra‟s algorithm showed the worst performance and suffered heavily when the problem size increased. Two techniques for increasing the performance were examined: optimizing the management of labelled nodes and reducing the search space. A bidirectional Dijkstra‟s algorithm using a binary heap to store temporarily labelled nodes combines both of these techniques, and it was the algorithm that performed best of all the tested algorithms in the practical tests.
This project was initiated by Netadmin Systems i Sverige AB who needed a new path finding module for their network management system NETadmin. While this study is primarily of interest for researchers dealing with path finding problems in computer networks, it may also be useful in evaluations of path finding algorithms for road networks since the two networks share some common characteristics.
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Lourenci, Rafael Nascimento. "Efeito da cerveja sobre a doença periodontal induzida em ratos Wistar." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/179645.
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Evidências científicas têm apontado para inúmeros benefícios do consumo baixo/moderado de cerveja sobre a saúde dos indivíduos. Uma recente meta-análise com mais de 290.000 pessoas confirma a redução no risco de doenças cardiovasculares tanto para o vinho, como também para a cerveja, desde que consumido em doses baixas ou moderadas. A essas substâncias têm se atribuído efeitos antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórios, bem como ações na função vascular. Uma vez que as doenças periodontais apresentam uma natureza infecto-inflamatória, é lícito supor que o consumo de cerveja possa trazer benefícios para os tecidos periodontais. Para isso, o presente estudo abordou de forma prospectiva a ação da cerveja rica ou não em lúpulo sobre a perda óssea alveolar (POA) em modelo animal. Para isso, 64 ratos Wistar machos com 60 dias foram utilizados, divididos em 8 grupos experimentais. Após a eutanásia, o padrão de destruição óssea foi avaliada morfometricamente nos diferentes grupos experimentais Para os grupos submetidos a indução de POA por meio de ligadura, menores médias de destruição periodontal foram encontradas nos grupos expostos a cerveja, especialmente no que se refere a face palatina (p<0.01) e a média de POA no dente (p<0.01). Já na comparação entre os grupos que não sofreram indução de POA, a média de destruição periodontal foi estatisticamente menor somente na face palatina do grupo que recebeu cerveja com alto teor de lúpulo (p=0.01), quando comparada ao controle. Além disso, os ratos expostos a cerveja com alto teor de lúpulo apresentaram uma menor ocorrência de periodontite quando comparado aos demais grupos experimentais. Concluiu-se que o consumo de cerveja enriquecida com lúpulo parece trazer um efeito protetor sobre a POA induzida ou não por meio de ligadura em modelo animal. Além disso, a presença de lúpulo na cerveja pode ser benéfica na diminuição da ocorrência de periodontite experimental.Effects of a low/moderate consumption of beer on human health has been reported. A recent meta-analysis confirms an important reduction in cardiovascular risk as much for wine as for a beer. Vascular improvement and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects should be related with this point. Periodontal diseases have an infectious-inflammatory nature. Therefore, beer consumption can benefits the periodontal health. For that, the aim of the present study was assessed the effect of beer enriched with hops on alveolar bone loss (ABL) in animal model. Sixty-four, 60-days-old, male Wistar rats in 8 experimental groups were stratified. After euthanasia, the ABL in the different experimental groups was evaluated. The groups that were not ligature-induced presented less ABL in beer group, especially regarding the palatal face (p <0.01) and mean of ABL in the tooth (p <0.01). In the comparison between groups that did not undergo ABL induction by ligature, mean periodontal destruction was statistically lower in the group that received beer with high hops concentration (p = 0.01) when compared to control group. In addition, the rats that were exposed to beer with high hops concentration to experienced less occurrence of periodontitis than others groups. It can be concluded that the consumption of beer enriched with hops seems protect to ABL induced or not by ligature. In addition, lower occurrence of experimental periodontitis was experienced in the enriched hops beer group.
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Calderwood, Lily. "Top-down and bottom-up tools for integrated pest management in Northeastern hop production." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/328.
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The demand for locally sourced hops from Northeastern microbreweries began the recent resurgence in local hop production. The farming community has increased acreage and improved the quality of hops grown and processed in the Northeast region over the past five years. There was a sharp increase in the number of Northeast hop producers from six in 2009 to over 175 in 2014. Hop growers in the Northeast are new to the crop and have limited experience with pest identification and management. This dissertation encompasses three research projects that were conducted over the 2012-2014 growing seasons. These projects were the first critical steps taken to develop arthropod integrated pest management (IPM) tactics for Northeastern hop growers.
First, the arthropod community in seven Vermont hop yards was evaluated. The objectives of Chapter 2 are to 1) present current hop pest biology and management strategies, 2) report the phenology of arthropod pests observed over three growing seasons, 3) report abundance and peak date for each pest, and 4) document natural enemy abundance in Vermont hop yards. The survey indicates that in cool, wet seasons hop aphid (Phorodon humuli Schrank) is expected to be a pest of concern. Two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) is expected to be a pest of concern in hot, dry conditions. Potato leafhopper (Empoasca fabae Harris) is an unpredictable pest of special concern for first year hop plants. When hop aphid or potato leafhopper are sprayed for with broad-spectrum insecticide, two-spotted spider mite secondary outbreak can be expected.
Second, the abundance of major arthropod pests and their natural enemy groups were evaluated under drive row flowering cover crop treatments. The objectives of this study were to 1) measure the effect of cover crops on natural enemy group abundance, 2) measure the effect of cover crops on the three major Northeastern hop pests, and 3) measure the effect of cover crop presence on hop yield and quality. Natural enemy groups and pests were positively correlated yet cover crop treatments had no significant effect on natural enemy abundance. Red clover cover crop treatments served as a trap crop for potato leafhopper. No significant difference in hop yield or quality was observed between flowering cover crop treatments.
Finally, potato leafhopper is a documented but understudied regional pest of hops. The objectives of this study were to 1) measure the physiological response of eight hop cultivars to adult potato leafhopper feeding and 2) measure hop leaf recovery from potato leafhopper injury. Gas exchange (net photosynthesis and transpiration) and chlorophyll content were measured to quantify injury by adult potato leafhopper to first year hop leaves in field and greenhouse studies. Cultivars did not vary significantly in their physiological response to potato leafhopper feeding. Injury significantly reduced gas exchange measures in the field (P < 0.05) and greenhouse (P < 0.05) and when leafhoppers were removed, gas exchange was restored.
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Feiner, Alexander Eduard [Verfasser], Klaus Gutachter] Pillen, Ludger [Gutachter] Wessjohann, and Gerd [Gutachter] [Weber. "Genetic and metabolic analysis of downy mildew resistance in hops (Humulus lupulus L.) / Alexander Eduard Feiner ; Gutachter: Klaus Pillen, Ludger Wessjohann, Gerd Weber." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121073009X/34.
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Feiner, Alexander Eduard [Verfasser], Klaus [Gutachter] Pillen, Ludger [Gutachter] Wessjohann, and Gerd [Gutachter] Weber. "Genetic and metabolic analysis of downy mildew resistance in hops (Humulus lupulus L.) / Alexander Eduard Feiner ; Gutachter: Klaus Pillen, Ludger Wessjohann, Gerd Weber." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121073009X/34.
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Almeida, Larissa Chirino de. "Identificação de compostos voláteis importantes para o aroma da carne assada de frangos suplementados com β-ácidos do lúpulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75133/tde-24072018-172147/.
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O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os voláteis importantes para o aroma da carne de frangos suplementados com diferentes concentrações de beta-ácidos do lúpulo. Para isso, 1440 frangos de corte Cobb 500 foram alimentados ad libitum durante 42 dias com dietas basais suplementadas com 0 (controle negativo), 30, 60 e 120 mg kg-1 de β- ácidos do lúpulo. Após 42 dias de experimento, os animais foram abatidos e o músculo peitoral maior (peito do frango) foi retirado, separado do tecido conjuntivo, da pele e da gordura subcutânea. Os filés de peito foram imediatamente congelados a -80 °C até o momento das análises. Nos filés foi determinado o perfil de ácidos graxos por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a detector de ionização em chama. E a carne dos animais suplementados com 30 mg kg-1 de β-ácidos foi a que apresentou a maior quantidade dos ácidos graxos insaturados de cadeia longa araquidônico (C20:4-n6) e docosaexaenoico (C22:6-n3), cujas propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias são benéficas para saúde humana. Para a caracterização dos voláteis da carne assada foi desenvolvido e otimizado um procedimento de extração dos voláteis da carne por microextração em fase sólida de headspace (HS-SPME) e cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massa (GC-MS). Para isso, foram testados cinco tipos de fibras comerciais de SPME quanto a sua capacidade de extração dos voláteis da carne assada de frango e, para fibra que apresentou maior capacidade de extração (CAR/PDMS), foram otimizadas as condições de temperatura e tempo de extração por meio de delineamento composto central rotacional. As condições ótimas de extração foram: temperatura de extração de 81°C e tempo de extração de 45 min. Foram identificados 70 compostos voláteis na carne assada de frango por GC-MS majoritariamente aldeídos, alcanos, álcoois, ésteres e pirazinas. A análise de componentes principais (PCA) foi capaz de separar as amostras em função da suplementação com beta ácidos, o que indica que os diferentes níveis de suplementação podem originar diferentes voláteis na carne assada. O tratamento controle negativo (0 mg kg-1 de β-ácidos) foi caracterizado principalmente por aldeídos e ácidos como octanal, decanal, benzaldeido e ácido n-hexanóico, o tratamento com 30 mg kg-1 de β-ácidos foi caracterizado por pirazinas (2, 6 - dimetil prirazina e 3- etil, 2, 5 dimetil pirazina), o tratamento com 60 mg kg-1 de β-ácidos foi caracterizado por uma maior quantidade de álcoois, aldeídos e furanos (hexanal, 1-octen-3 ol e pentilfurano), enquanto que o tratamento com 120 mg kg-1 de β-ácidos foi caracterizado pela presença docomposto 2- metil pentanal.The aim of this research was to identify volatiles that are important for the aroma of chicken meat supplemented with different concentrations of hops β-acids. To carry out this research, 1440 Cobb 500 broilers were fed ad libitum during 42 days with basal diets supplemented with 0 (negative control), 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg kg-1 of hops β-acids. After 42 days, the animals were slaughtered and the pectoralis major muscle (chicken breast) was removed, separated from the conjunctive tissue, the skin, and the subcutaneous fat. The breast fillets were immediately frozen at -80° C until the time of analysis. The fatty acid profile in the steaks was determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The meat of the animals supplemented with 30 mg kg-1 of β-acids presented the highest amount of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (C20:4-n6) and docosaexaenoico (C22:6-n3), which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties benefical to human health. For the characterization of the roasted meat volatiles, an extraction procedure was developed and optimized by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Six different types of SPME commercial fibers were tested regarding their ability to extract volatiles from chicken roasted meat, and to the fiber that showed the highest extraction capacity (DVB/CAR/PDMS), temperature and time of extraction were optimized through central composite design. The optimum extraction conditions were: extraction temperature of 81 °C and extraction time 45 minutes. It was possible to characterize 70 volatiles in the volatile fraction of roasted chicken meat by GC-MS, The majority of them were aldehydes, alkanes, alcohols, esters and pyrazines. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was able to separate the samples according to the supplementation with hops β-acids, which indicates that different levels of supplementation may yield different volatile compounds on roasted chicken meat. The negative control treatment (0 mg kg-1 of β-acids) was characterized mainly by aldehydes and acids like octanal, decanal, benzaldehyde and n-hexanoic acid, the treatment with 30 mg kg-1 of β-acids was characterized by pyrazines (2,6 - dimethyl pyrazine, and 3-ethyl, 2,5- dimethyl pyrazine, the treatment with 60 mg kg-1 of β-acids was characterized by a major quantity of alcohols, aldehydes and furans (hexanal, 1-octen-3-ol and pentylfuran), whereas the treatment with 120 mg kg-1 of β-acids was characterized by the presence of 2 the compound 2-methyl pentanal.
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Deshpande, Jayram A. "Satisfying End to End Quality of Service Requirements in DTN Environments." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1163644692.
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Lipski, Victor. "From false to true hopes human hope, Christian hope and ethics /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1989. http://www.tren.com.
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Oliveira, Neto Jerônimo Raimundo de. "Potencial antioxidante e atividade vasodilatadora de cervejas comerciais." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8798.
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Beer is one of the oldest and most popular beverages consumed by mankind, the main classification of beers is the type of fermentation, divided into ale or lager, high and low fermentation, respectively. In this study, beer samples were divided into two portions, the first one for the spectrophotometric and electrochemical tests, which was used in natura form. And the second part was lyophilized, aiming at the concentration use standardization, alcohol withdrawal and guaranteeing an increase of durability, and then used in the pharmacological and chromatographic tests. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant potential and vasodilator activity and correlate them with the phenolic profiles of twenty-two commercial beers. In addition, the antioxidant activity and the phenolic profile of hops and malts from different origins were also verified. From the raw materials, hops samples showed better antioxidant activity when compared to malt samples (p <0.05). The correlation between electrochemical index (EI) and total phenols (TPC), and radical scavenging methods, 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline -6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) was 0.86, 0.77 and 0.85 respectively for the hop samples. From the beers, ale group showed better antioxidant activity and TPC values when compared to the lager group. However, according to the Pearson correlation matrix, the correlation between IE with TPC, DPPH and ABTS was 0.86, 0.89 and 0.96 respectively for the lager group. While for the ale group, the correlations were not statistically significant (p> 0.05), mainly due to the turbidity interference of the samples during spectrophotometric assays. This fact reiterates the use of electrochemical methods, which minimize this type of problem besides being more sensitive and quick. Following the proposed electrochemical methodology, using the IE calculation, LB10 and AB1 samples obtained the highest indices. In the results of the principal components analysis (PCA) three groups were observed, where group III confirms LB10 and AB1 as the best antioxidants potential. LB10, AB1 and AB6 showed a maximal vasodilator effect of 92 ± 4, 88 ± 3 and 79 ± 3%, respectively. Both the vasodilator effect and the lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity may be associated with the presence of phenolic compounds in the beer samples, identified by mass spectrometry. This study, therefore, verified that the proposed IE methodology is an important tool to evaluate antioxidant properties and showed a good correlation with radical scavenging assays. Moreover, the study showed that beers may have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, showing a good correlation of the vasodilator effect and antioxidant potential, which may be useful for future research on health, sensorial properties and quality parameters. Still from the standpoint of the quality of the beers, hop extracts as well as malt exhibited statistically results, corroborating to the applicability of these tools in the choice of these major ingredients improve the quality of the final product.
A cerveja é uma das bebidas mais antigas e populares consumidas pela humanidade, a principal classificação das cervejas é quanto ao tipo de fermentação, dividindo-se em ale ou lager, alta e baixa fermentação, respectivamente. Neste estudo, as amostras de cerveja foram divididas em duas porções, a primeira para os ensaios espectrofotométricos e eletroquímicos, a qual foi utilizada de forma in natura. E a segunda parte foi liofilizada, para padronização da concentração de uso, retirada do álcool e garantir uma maior durabilidade, e então utilizada nos ensaios farmacológicos e cromatográficos. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o potencial antioxidante, a atividade vasodilatadora e correlacionar com os perfis fenólicos de vinte e duas cervejas comerciais. Adicionalmente foi também verificada a capacidade antioxidante e o perfil fenólico de lúpulos e maltes de diferentes origens. Das matérias-primas, as amostras de lúpulo mostraram uma melhor atividade antioxidante quando comparadas com as amostras de malte (p<0,05). A correlação entre o índice eletroquímico (IE) com os fenóis totais (TPC), e os ensaios de captura de radicais, 1,1- difenil-1-picril-hidrazil (DPPH) e 2,2’-azinobis (3-etilbenzotiazolina-6-ácido sulfônico) (ABTS) foi de 0,86, 0,77 e 0,85 respectivamente para as amostras de lúpulo. Enquanto que para as amostras de malte foi 0,49, 0,69 e 0,96, respectivamente. Análise de variância (ANOVA) foi utilizada para verificar diferenças dentro de cada grupo de matéria-prima, sendo observadas diferenças a nível de 95% de confiança (p<0,05). Das cervejas, o grupo ale mostrou melhores capacidade antioxidante e valores de fenóis totais quando comparado com o grupo lager. Porém, de acordo com a matriz de correlação de Pearson, a correlação entre o IE com TPC, DPPH e ABTS foi de 0,78, 0,82 e 0,89 respectivamente para o grupo lager. Enquanto que para o grupo ale as correlações não foram estatisticamente significativas (p>0,05), principalmente devido à interferência da turbidez das amostras durante ensaios espectrofotométricos. Este fato reitera o uso de métodos eletroquímicos, que minimizam este tipo de problema além de serem mais sensíveis e rápidos. Seguindo a metodologia eletroquímica proposta, através do cálculo do IE, as amostras LB10 e AB1 obtiveram os maiores índices. Nos resultados da análise de componentes principais foram observados três grupos, onde o grupo III confirma LB10 e AB1 como as de melhores potenciais antioxidantes. LB10, AB1 e AB6 mostraram efeito vasodilatador máximo de 92 ± 4, 88 ± 3 e 79 ± 3%, respectivamente. Tanto o efeito vasodilatador quanto a capacidade de inibição da peroxidação lipídica, podem estar associados à presença de compostos fenólicos nas cervejas, identificados via espectrometria de massa. Este estudo, portanto, verificou que a metodologia proposta do IE é uma importante ferramenta para avaliar as propriedades antioxidantes e mostrou uma boa correlação com ensaios de eliminação de radicais. Além disso, o estudo mostrou que as cervejas podem ter um efeito benéfico sobre o sistema cardiovascular, apresentando boa correlação do efeito vasodilatador e o potencial antioxidante, o que pode ser útil para pesquisas futuras sobre a saúde, propriedades sensoriais e parâmetros de qualidade. Ainda sobre o ponto de vista da qualidade das cervejas, os extratos de lúpulo, assim como de malte, apresentaram resultados estatisticamente diferentes entre si, corroborando para aplicabilidade destas ferramentas na escolha destes ingredientes majoritários em prol da qualidade do produto final.
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Oliveira, Marcus Vinícius Ribeiro de. "Crescimento do lúpulo influenciado por calagem e fornecimento de fósforo." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2016. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/2475.
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Capes
Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) is a perennial climbing vine belonging to the family Cannabaceae. It is important in the manufacture of medicines, cosmetic products and mainly in brewing production. The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) as a function of 4 different levels of acidity and 4 different levels of phosphate fertilization. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse on UDESC - Lages (SC), between December 2015 and March 2016. Hop seedlings were collected from a rural property at São Mateus do Sul (PR). The soil used was an Alumínic Humic Cambisol from Lages (SC) and it were limed, incubated and mixed until they achieved the chosen pH (5.2, 6.0 and 6.5). Following this treatment, 1.5 kg of soil were placed in plastic pots and fertilized with phosphate (90, 180, 360 kg.ha-1). The phosphorous source used was the mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP). The seedlings were transplanted to the plastic pots with soil and left for 120 days until their harvest. The root, stem and shoot were analyzed separately, being determined the dry mass, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and plant height. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, organic matter, aluminum, aluminum plus hydrogen, pH-water, pH-CaCl2 and pH SMP were analyzed using the methodology indicated by Tedesco et al. (1995). In relation to the pH, the dry masses of the aerial part, root and total were also significant, they also had the P, the Ca and the K in the root and in the aerial part were Ca and N. In relation to the P2O5 doses they obtained differences dry mass In the aerial part, root and total, the P in the stem, root and the Mg in the aerial part. The variables: plant height, P and K in aerial part, Mg and N in root and N in stem were interacted with liming and phosphate fertilization. There were no significant differences in dry matter, Ca, Mg and K in the stem. For the conditions performed in the experiment, the analyzed variables that obtained the best results were pH 5,2 and the dose of 180 kg.ha-1 of P2O5
O lúpulo (Humulus lupulus L.) é uma trepadeira, perene e pertencente à família Cannabaceae. Tendo sua importância na fabricação de remédios, produtos cosméticos e principalmente na produção cervejeira. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o crescimento da cultura do lúpulo (Humulus lupulus L.), em relação a 4 diferentes níveis de acidez e 4 diferentes níveis de adubação fosfatada. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação da UDESC - Lages (SC), entre dezembro de 2015 até março de 2016. As mudas de lúpulo foram coletadas de uma propriedade rural da cidade de São Mateus do Sul (PR). O solo utilizado foi um Cambissolo Húmico Alumínico do município de Lages (SC), os solos foram calcareados, incubados e misturados até ficarem no pH (pH natural; pH 5,2; pH 6,0 e pH 6,5). Logo após esse período foram postos 1,5 kg de solo em vasos plásticos e adubados níveis de adubação fosfatada (0 ; 90 ; 180 ; 360 kg.ha-1), sendo a fonte utilizada a solução de mono - amônio fosfato (MAP). As mudas foram transplantadas para os vasos plásticos com solo e deixadas por 120 dias até a sua colheita. Foram analisadas separadamente a raiz, o caule e a parte aérea, sendo determinadas a massa seca, nitrogênio total, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio e altura de planta. No solo foram analisados os teores de cálcio, magnésio, potássio, matéria orgânica, alumínio, alumínio mais hidrogênio, pH-água, pH-CaCl2 e pH SMP utilizando a metodologia indicada por Tedesco et al (1995). Em relação ao pH tiveram diferenças significativas as massas secas da parte aérea, raiz e total, também tiveram o P, o Ca e o K na raiz e na parte aérea foram Ca e N. Já em relação às doses de P2O5 Obtiveram diferenças massa seca na parte aérea, raiz e total, o P no caule, raiz e o Mg na parte aérea. Tiveram interação calagem e adubação fosfatada as variáveis: altura de planta, P e K na parte aérea, Mg e N na raiz e o N no caule. Não obtiveram diferenças significativas a massa seca, o Ca,o Mg e o K no caule. Para as condições realizadas no experimento, as variáveis analisadas que obtiveram melhores resultados foram no pH 5,2 e a dose de 180 kg.ha-1 de P2O5
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Handlon, Lauree E. "The Relationship of the Financial Condition of a Healthcare Organization and the Error Rate of Potentially Missed Coding/Billing of Select Outpatient Services." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1204650548.
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Stratico, Valerie Anne. "CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL INTERACTOR/SUBSTRATE FOR THE PRO-APOPTOTIC SERINE PROTEASE OMI/HTRA2." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4400.
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OmiHtrA2 is a highly conserved mammalian serine protease that belongs to the HtrA family of proteins. Omi shares homology with the bacterially expressed heat shock protease HtrA, which functions as a protease at higher temperatures and a chaperone at lower temperatures. Additionally, Omi shares sequence similarity with the mammalian homologs L56/HtrA1 and PRSP/HtrA3. Omi was first isolated as an interacting protein of Mxi2, an alternatively spliced form of the p38 stress-activated kinase, using a modified yeast two-hybrid system. Omi localizes in the mitochondria and in response to apoptotic stimuli the mature form of this protein translocates to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm Omi participates in both the caspase-dependent as well as caspase-independent apoptosis. Additionally, recent studies suggest that Omi may have another unique function, maintaining homeostasis within the mitochondria. In an effort to further elucidate the function of Omi, a yeast two-hybrid screening was performed to isolate novel interacting proteins. This screening identified a novel protein (HOPS), as a specific interactor of Omi. The predicted amino acid sequence of this protein does not provide any information about its potential function in mammalian cells. However, experiments show that HOPS is cleaved in vitro by Omi. Furthermore, in response to apoptotic stimuli, HOPS is also degraded in vivo. This study suggests that HOPS could be a physiological substrate of Omi that is cleaved and removed during apoptosis.M.S.
Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology
Health and Public Affairs
Molecular Biology and Microbiology
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Feijen-Pelz, Sandra. "Låt stjärnorna lysa i hoppets tecken : en litteraturstudie om hoppets innebörd uttryckt av patienter med cancer inom palliativ vård." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1030.
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Friess, Angelica, and Mikaela Pettersson. "Upplevelser av hopp hos patienter i palliativ vård." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-29062.
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Wang, Kristen J. "Building on lessons learned : too high hopes without HOPE VI?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37453.
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Thesis (M.C.P. and S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-82).
By providing substantial grants to public housing authorities to demolish and rebuild distressed public housing and provide services to public housing residents, the HOPE VI program has helped transform these developments and their surrounding communities since 1992. HOPE VI has not only brought public and private investment to distressed neighborhoods but also has played an important role in increasing development capacity for housing authorities and HUD. In spite of the successful completion of many projects in the last decade, arguments have been made that HOPE VI is not only too expensive and too slow but is no longer needed. Housing advocates have also argued that there are programmatic flaws that must be reformed. The Bush Administration has sought to cut HOPE VI from the federal budget for the last four fiscal years. Congress has reinstated it each year, albeit at lower and lower funding levels, but the future of HOPE VI is uncertain at best. As the only funding program specifically designed to meet the needs of distressed public housing and its very low-income residents, HOPE VI is not easily replaced.
(cont.) Despite the challenges, many housing authorities and their partners are attempting to assemble funding for desperately needed public housing redevelopment projects. Interviews with housing authorities, developers, and consultants provide an understanding of the strategies that housing authorities are using to make these "post-HOPE VI" projects work. Housing authorities and their public and private partners have crafted innovations intended to replicate HOPE VI results, but without HOPE VI funds, these projects will only be possible through the piecemeal assembly of public and private funds and are likely to lack the holistic approach and broader vision enabled by HOPE VI. Without seed capital and without the flexibility to be creative, public housing authorities will have a limited ability to build on their entrepreneurial skills, partner with the private sector, and meet the needs of their residents and capital assets. Killing one of the few innovative government programs to emerge in the last decade is a waste and does not bode well for the future of very low-income families-a "HOPE VII" program is needed to build on the public learning achieved during HOPE VI and these early post-HOPE VI efforts.
by Kristen J. Wang.
M.C.P.and S.M.
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Kupski, Sergio Carlos. "Modelagem matemática do processo de extração supercrítica de Humulus lupulus L. com CO2." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3995.
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Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2018-10-31T00:41:51Z
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Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process of vegetable oils with CO2 is an alternative to the traditional processes, with advantages related to final product quality, extraction yield and simpler separation stages. Hops (Humulus Lupulus L.) are widely used for beer brewing and their essential oils contain substances with potential pharmaceutical use. Mathematical modeling of the mass transfer mechanisms that rule the SFE may provide information about the process parameters influence on the total yield and extraction rate. This work intends to analyze the influence of the following parameters: temperature (de 35 a 55º C), pressure (100 a 200 bar), particle size (de 3,28 X 10-4 m a 1,02 X 10-3 m), particle size distribution and raw material treatment. Extraction of hop with supercritical carbon dioxide was performed on experimental scale. The data obtained was used to adjust the extraction curves simulated with five models available at literature. Besides those, the data allowed to test a proposed model, applied for the extraction from hop bracts. Tested models adjusted the experimental data satisfactorily and the estimated parameters analysis allowed building another model.
O processo de extração supercrítica (SFE – supercritical fluid extraction) de óleos vegetais com CO2 é uma alternativa aos tradicionais, com vantagens relacionadas à qualidade do produto final, rendimento da extração e simplificação das etapas de separação. Os cones de lúpulo (Humulus lupulus L.) são amplamente utilizados na produção de cerveja e seus óleos essenciais contêm substâncias com potencial uso na indústria farmacêutica. A modelagem matemática dos mecanismos de transferência de massa que governam a SFE pode fornecer informações sobre a influência dos parâmetros de processo no rendimento total e na taxa de extração. Este trabalho propõe analisar a influência dos seguintes parâmetros: temperatura (de 35 a 55º C), pressão (100 a 200 bar), diâmetro da partícula (de 3,28 X 10-4 a 1,02 X 10-3 m), distribuição granulométrica das partículas e a forma de preparo da matéria prima. Foi realizada a extração de lúpulo com dióxido de carbono supercrítico com equipamento em escala experimental. Os dados obtidos foram utilizados para ajustar as curvas de extração simuladas utilizando cinco modelos fenomenológicos disponíveis na literatura. Além destes, os dados permitiram testar o modelo proposto, aplicado para a extração a partir das brácteas da inflorescência do lúpulo. Os modelos testados ajustaram de forma satisfatória os dados experimentais e a análise dos parâmetros estimados permitiu fundamentar um segundo modelo proposto.
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Boularbah, Enechar Sakina, and Maria Persson. "Bevarandet av hoppet vid livets slutskede : En litteraturstudie om patienters upplevelser av hopp." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1416.
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Bakgrund: Hopp är ett fenomen som är svårt att definiera. Hopp upplevs på olika sätt och i olika omfattningar av patienter med en dödlig sjukdom. Upplevelsen av hopp samspelar med upplevelsen av hopplöshet. Hopp är betydelsefullt för patienter i palliativ vård och kan ge patienter förmåga att uthärda lidandet och det betraktas som en inre resurs som är viktig för att uppnå livskvalitet. Syfte: Att studera patienters upplevelser av hopp i livets slutskede. Metod: En litteraturstudie gjordes utifrån vetenskapliga artiklar. Tio artiklar var funna och granskades. Nio artiklar var kvalitativa och en var kvantitativ. De utvalda artiklarna studerades och meningsbärande enheter plockades ut och utvecklades till kategorier. Resultat: Resultatet är presenterat utifrån symtomlindring, självständighet, relationer, positiv inställning, syntes och acceptans. Resultatet belyser patienters upplevelser av hopp samt hur betydelsefullt hoppet är i livets slutskede. Upplevelsen av hopp är att ha en god symtomlindring, att få vara med familj och vänner och att vara oberoende. Diskussion: Patienters upplevelse av hopp diskuteras i relation till annan forskning om patienters upplevelser om hopp och i relation till de sex S:n. Det diskuteras även betydelsefulla aspekter kring hur sjuksköterskor kan främja patienters upplevelse av hopp.Background: Hope is a phenomenon that is difficult to define. Hope is experienced in different ways and in different degrees by patients with a terminal illness. The experience of hope interacts with the experience of hopelessness. Hope is important for patients in palliative care and is able to give patients the ability to endure suffering and it is considered as an inner resource that is important to achieve quality of life. Aim: To study patients’ experiences of hope at the end of life. Method: A literature study was made by scientific articles. Ten articles were found and examined. Nine articles were qualitative and one was quantitative. The selected articles were studied and significant units were picked out and developed into categories. Results: The results are presented by symptom relief, independence, relationships, positive attitude, synthesis and acceptance. The results illustrate patients’ experiences of hope and how meaningful hope is at the end of life. Hope is having a good symptom relief, being with family and friends and being independent. Discussion: Patients’ experiences of hope are discussed in relation to other research on patients’ experiences of hope and in relation to the six S words. It also discusses important aspects of how nurses are able to foster patients’ experiences hope.
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Frostin, Ann, and Tove Persson. "Patienter med cancer och hopp ur deras perspektiv vid palliativ vård : en litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-9784.
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Bakgrund: I Sverige är det 31000 stycken människor som har palliativ vård. Cancer är oftast den vanligaste orsaken till palliativ vård. Palliativ vård handlar om att vårda hela människan och lindra symptom. Hopp är motiverande impuls som driver människan till att hantera svåra och stressiga situationer. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien är att belysa upplevelser av hopp i palliativ vård vid cancer ur ett patientperspektiv. Metod: Studien är gjord som en allmän litteraturstudie med systemisk ansats. Till hjälp används 14 artiklar. Resultat: Fynden som hittades var överlevnad, mål, framtiden, meningen med livet, relationer till andra, symptom kontroll och självkänsla. Slutsats: Patienten bör få vara delaktig i sin vård och känna tillit till vårdpersonalen. Vårdpersonalen kan hjälpa till med det genom att vara ärlig.Background: In Sweden it is 31000 persons who have palliative care. Cancer is usually the most common cause palliative care. Palliative care is about nurturing the whole person and relieves symptoms. Hope is the motivating impulse that drives man to deal with difficult and stressful situations. Purpose: The purpose of literature is to illuminate the experience of hope in palliativ care for cancer from a patient perspective. Method: The study is designed as general literature review with a systematic approach. For help using 14 items. Results: The findings that were found were survival, goals, future, meaning of life, relationships with others, symptom control and self-esteem. Conclusion: Patients should be involved in their care and have confidence in caregivers. Health professionals can help with that by being honest.
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Friman, Alida, and Benedikta Schwöbel. "Att finna ljus i mörker : En studie om att finna hopp och mening då ens barn drabbas av cancer." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13325.
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DeNoma, Jeanine Streeter. "The feasibility of using diploid by tetraploid crosses to obtain triploid hops (Humulus lupulus L.)." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35084.
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The hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is a dioecious, diploid (2n=2x=20) species. Triploid
hops (2n=3x=30) are easily obtained from tetraploid by diploid crosses and are preferred
because of their natural seedlessness and increased vigor. The female inflorescence is used
for flavoring beer. Because brewers require product consistency, the brewing characteristics
of a new aroma-type hop must closely match the variety it is intended to replace while
showing improved adaptation and agronomic traits. Since triploid offspring should more
closely resemble the tetraploid parent from which they receive two-thirds of their genetic
material, breeders have traditionally selected known varieties to be the tetraploid parent with
the expectation this will increase the likelihood of obtaining progeny with similar brewing
chemistry. Tetraploid female parents are obtained through colchicine treatment of desirable
diploid varieties.
Naturally occurring tetraploid seedlings, sometimes found among the offspring of
tetraploid by diploid crosses, if suitable for breeding, could eliminate the tedious colchicine
treatment process now used to obtain tetraploids. Two such tetraploid males were obtained
from an Oregon cross in 1983. Since these two tetraploid males had attractive quality traits
similar to other males in the USDA germplasm collection with a proven history of producing
aroma-type progeny, they were thought to be suitable for use in a polyploid breeding program
for aroma hops.
The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of using males as tetraploid
parents in diploid by tetraploid crosses to obtain triploid aroma hops. Tettnanger, a prized
German aroma hop, was used as the diploid female parent for these crosses.
Meiotic cells of the two tetraploid males showed some abnormalities at anaphase I and
the quartet stage; however, fertility, as determined from seed production and germination,
was adequate for breeding. Of 185 seedlings obtained, 57 were triploid females. The diploid
by tetraploid seedling population had a higher percentage of males than previously reported
for tetraploid by diploid crosses. One tetraploid male produced no triploid female offspring.
Seed content of the female triploid seedlings when subjected to a heavy pollen load averaged
2.4% compared to 20.1% for diploid seedlings from Tettnanger crosses. Triploid progeny
produced higher average yield than the Tettnanger parent.
The two tetraploid males and Tettnanger were very similar in chemical quality traits
comparable in male and female hops. Comparison among triploid and diploid progeny from
diploid by tetraploid crosses and diploid open-pollinated Tettnanger seedlings demonstrated
that the male parent influenced the a ratio, cohumulone content, and humulene to
caryophyllene ratio of the offspring. Many of the female triploid offspring genotypes showed
chemical quality traits similar to those of Tettnanger.Graduation date: 1995