Academic literature on the topic 'Hops'

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Journal articles on the topic "Hops"

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Collie, M. E. "Hope for Hops?" Archives of Internal Medicine 162, no. 3 (February 11, 2002): 364–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.162.3.364.

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Zhang, Wanli, and Xiaoying Yang. "DV-Hop Location Algorithm Based on RSSI Correction." Electronics 12, no. 5 (February 26, 2023): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12051141.

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To increase the positioning accuracy of Distance Vector-Hop (DV-Hop) algorithm in non-uniform networks, an improved DV-Hop algorithm based on RSSI correction is proposed. The new algorithm first quantizes hops between two nodes by the ratio of the RSSI value between two nodes and the benchmark RSSI value, divides the hops continuously, calculates the average hop distance according to the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion of the best index based on the quantized hops, and then adds hop distance matching factor to the fitness function of each anchor node into the calculation of the hop distance fitness function to weight the fitness function. The change index value is introduced to obtain more accurate hop distance value, and then the estimation error of unknown node (UN) coordinate is modified by using the distance relationship between the UN and the nearest beacon node (BN), and the modified coordination position is further modified by using the triangle centroid to improve the accuracy of node positioning in the irregular network. The experimental results show that compared with the original DV-Hop, improved DV-Hop1, improved DV-Hop2 and improved DV-Hop3, the localization error of the improved algorithm in this paper is reduced by 58%, 45%, 34%, and 29%, respectively, on average, in the two network environments. Without increasing the hardware cost and energy consumption, the improved algorithm has excellent localization performance.
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YOSHIDA, Manabu. "Hops." JOURNAL OF THE BREWING SOCIETY OF JAPAN 95, no. 8 (2000): 550–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.6013/jbrewsocjapan1988.95.550.

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Teghtmeyer, Suzi. "Hops." Journal of Agricultural & Food Information 19, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496505.2018.1403248.

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MURAKAMI, Atsushi. "Study on Hops." JOURNAL OF THE BREWING SOCIETY OF JAPAN 105, no. 12 (2010): 783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.6013/jbrewsocjapan.105.783.

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Motte, W., and W. Motte. "Gerard Gavarry's Hops." SubStance 35, no. 3 (January 1, 2006): 64–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sub.2006.0049.

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Procházka, Pavel, Přemysl Štranc, Kateřina Pazderů, Jan Vostřel, and Jan Řehoř. "Use of biologically active substances in hops." Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 12 (November 30, 2018): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/655/2018-pse.

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In four-year experiments, hop was treated with 7 biologically active substances in two terms during vegetation: Lignohumate max (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids), Lexin (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids enriched with auxins), Lexenzym (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids enriched with auxins, phytohormones and enzymes precursors), Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract, synthetic auxin, humic acids and fulvic acids alone. The chlorophyll content was monitored after the application both in the vine leaves and in the branch leaves. After harvesting of the hops from the individual treatments, the yield of dry hops was determined and the cones were analysed for the content of alpha bitter acids. The results show that the most effective hop treatment was the application of Lexin and Lexenzym. The Lexenzym treatment provided a yield of dry hops of 1.86 t/ha, i.e. 0.47 t/ha higher compared with untreated control. The Lexin treatment provided yield higher by 0.41 t/ha of dry hops compared with the untreated control, while the harvested cones contained the most alpha-bitter acids (4.57%).
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Patzak, Josef, Vladimír Nesvadba, Karel Krofta, Alena Henychova, Arkady Inalovic Marzoev, and Ken Richards. "Evaluation of genetic variability of wild hops (Humulus lupulus L.) in Canada and the Caucasus region by chemical and molecular methods." Genome 53, no. 7 (July 2010): 545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g10-024.

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Wild hops ( Humulus lupulus L.) are potential new germplasms to expand the variability of genetic resources for hop breeding. We evaluated Canadian (62 plants) and Caucasian (58 plants) wild hops by their chemical characteristics and with molecular genetic analyses using sequence-tagged site and simple sequence repeat markers, in comparison with European (104 plants) and North American (27 plants) wild hops. The contents of alpha and beta acids varied from 0.36% to 5.11% and from 0.43% to 6.66% in Canadian wild hops, and from 0.85% to 3.65% and from 1.22% to 4.81% in Caucasian wild hops, respectively. The contents of cohumulone and colupulone distinctly differed between European and North American wild hops: the cohumulone level in alpha acids was in the range 46.1%–68.4% among North American wild hops and in the range 13.6%–30.6% among European wild hops. The high content of myrcene and the low contents of humulene, farnesene, and selinenes were typical for wild hops from Canada, in contrast to wild hops from the Caucasus region. We compared the chemical characteristics with molecular genetic data. Chemical characteristics differentiated wild hops into North American and Eurasian groups. Molecular genetic analysis was able to separate Caucasian wild hops from European wild hops. We proved a hop phylogeny by means of wide molecular analysis.
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Kusuma, Iwan Arya, and Nurul Arifin. "PERBEDAAN PENGARUH METODE LATIHAN BARRIER HOPS DAN SIDE HOPS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN HEADING DALAM SEPAKBOLA PADA ATLET PUTRA CLUB MAHESA SAKTI FC KAB SEMARANG TAHUN 2021." Jurnal Ilmiah Spirit 22, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36728/jis.v22i1.1827.

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ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Perbedaan Pengaruh Metode Latihan Barrier Hops Dan Side Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Heading Dalam Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang Tahun 2021, dan jika ada perbedaan maka untuk mengetahui mana yang lebih baik antara Latihan Barrier Hops Dan Side Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Heading Dalam Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang Tahun 2021. Sampel penelitian adalah Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang dengan jumlah 30 siswa. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Porpusive Sampling. Variabel penelitian ini yaitu Hasil Peningkatan Kemampuan Heading Sepakbola dengan Latihan Barrier Hops dan Side Hops sebagai variabel bebas serta hasil Peningkatan Kemampuan Heading Sepakbola variabel terikat. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan pretest-posttest design. Tes untuk mengetahui Peningkatan Kemampuan Heading Sepakbola menggunakan tes Kemampuan Heading Sepakbola menggunakan petunjuk pelaksanaan tes dari Nur Hasan (2001: 157). Metode analisis data penelitian menggunakan rumus t-test yang diperhitungkan menggunakan rumus pendek. Hasil analisis data maka simpulan diperoleh: (1) Ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara Latihan Barrier Hops Dan Side Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Heading Dalam Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang Tahun 2021. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil penghitungan tes akhir masing-masing kelompok yaitu thitung = 3.17 lebih kecil dari pada ttabel = 2,145 dengan taraf signifikasi5%. (2) Metode Barrier Hops lebih baik pengaruhnya dari pada metode Side Hops Terhadap Kemampuan Heading Dalam Sepakbola Pada Atlet Putra Club Mahesa Sakti Fc Kab Semarang Tahun 2021. Berdasarkan persentase peningkatan kemampuan Heading dalam permainan Sepak Bola menunjukkan bahwa kelompok 1 (kelompok yang mendapat perlakuan dengan Latihan Barrier Hops) adalah 81.63% > kelompok 2 (kelompok yang mendapat Latihan Side Hops) adalah 75.00%. Kata Kunci : Latihan Barrier Hops, Side Hops, Kemampuan Heading
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Bates, Nicola, Zoe Tizzard, and Nick Edwards. "Hops toxicosis in dogs." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 32, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vec.13161.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hops"

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Buso, Fabio. "SQL on Hops." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215692.

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In today’s world data is extremely valuable. Companies and researchers store every sort of data, from users activities to medical records. However, data is useless if one cannot extract meaning and insight from it. In 2004 Dean and Ghemawat introduced the MapReduce framework. This sparked the development of open source frameworks for big data storage (HDFS) and processing (Hadoop). Hops and Apache Hive build on top of this heritage. The former proposes a new distributed file system which achieves higher scalability and throughput by storing metadata in a database called MySQL-Cluster. The latter is an open source data warehousing solution built on top of the Hadoop ecosystems, which allows users to query big data stored on HDFS using a SQL-like query language.Apache Hive is a widely used and mature project, however it lacks of consistency between the data stored on the file system and the metadata describing it, stored on a relational database. This means that if users delete Hive’s data from the file system, Hive does not delete the related metadata. This causes two issues: (1) users do not get an error if the data is missing from the filesystem (2) if users forget to delete the metadata, it will become orphaned in the database. In this thesis we exploit the fact that both HopsFS’ metadata and Hive’s metadata is stored in a relational database, to provide a mechanisms to automatically delete Hive’s metadata if the data is delete from the file system.The second objective of this thesis is to integrate Apache Hive into the Hops ecosystem and in particular in the HopsWorks platform. HopsWorks is a multitenant, UI based service which allows users to store and process big data projects. In this thesis we develop a custom authenticator for Hive to allow HopsWorks users to authenticate with Hive and to integrate with its security model.
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Hasan, Muhammed Rizvi. "Quota based access-control for Hops : Improving cluster utilization with Hops-YARN." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195647.

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YARN is the resource management framework for Hadoop, and is, in many senses, the modern operating system for the data center. YARN clusters are running at organizations such as Yahoo!, Spotify, and Twitter with clusters of up to 3500 nodes being reported in the literature. To harness the power of so many nodes and manage them efficiently YARN is required to fulfill the requirements like scalability, serviceability, multitenancy, reliability, high cluster utilization, secure and auditable operation. Currently, YARN supports three different schedulers for prioritizing the allocation of resources (CPU, memory) to applications. Existing schedulers have a broken incentive model for popular frameworks like Apache Spark and Apache Flink where applications have gang-scheduling semantics, that is, they need all nodes to be available before they can start work. Users are incentivized to launch and hog their resources, as there may be a substantial delay (in Spotify, up to 1 hour) in getting 100 or more nodes allocated to your application. Users are not penalized for hogging resources. Capacity scheduler is one of the schedulers that has been used as a default scheduler in YARN which is quite good in sharing resources among tenants with a degree of guaranteed resource availability. Still there is room for improvements. In this thesis, we propose the design and implementation of a new system called Quota-based access control system that will work as a layer over capacity scheduler for Hops-YARN, a project developed on Apache YARN. Quota-based access control system involves allocating a quota of resources to projects. A project consists of a number of users who manage a number of data sets and is taken from a new frontend for Hadoop called HopsWorks, (www.hops.io). Project members can spend part of their quota to launch and run applications. In contrast to existing schedulers, our control system will incentivize users for not launching unnecessary applications or hog resources. In this work we also have analyzed the operational model of the scheduler including Quota-based access control system with different application scheduling scenarios. We also have investigated the failure scenarios which includes network partition and failure of different components of YARN and analyzed the consequence of the failure on the scheduling operation. Finally, we have proposed some future improvements for this scheduling system.
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Dessalegn, Muruts Misganu. "Multi-Tenant Apache Kafka for Hops : Kafka Topic-Based Multi-Tenancy and ACL- Based Authorization for Hops." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206086.

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Apache Kafka is a distributed, high throughput and fault-tolerant publish/subscribe messaging system in the Hadoop ecosystem. It is used as a distributed data streaming and processing platform. Kafka topics are the units of message feeds in the Kafka cluster. Kafka producer publishes messages into these topics and a Kafka consumer subscribes to topics to pull those messages. With the increased usage of Kafka in the data infrastructure of many companies, there are many Kafka clients that publish and consume messages to/from the Kafka topics. In fact, these client operations can be malicious. To mitigate this risk, clients must authenticate themselves and their operation must be authorized before they can access to a given topic. Nowadays, Kafka ships with a pluggable Authorizer interface to implement access control list (ACL) based authorization for client operation. Kafka users can implement the interface differently to satisfy their security requirements. SimpleACLAuthorizer is the out-of-box implementation of the interface and uses a Zookeeper for ACLs storage.HopsWorks, based on Hops a next generation Hadoop distribution, provides support for project-based multi-tenancy, where projects are fully isolated at the level of the Hadoop Filesystem and YARN. In this project, we added Kafka topicbased multi-tenancy in Hops projects. Kafka topic is created from inside Hops project and persisted both at the Zookeeper and the NDBCluster. Persisting a topic into a database enabled us for topic sharing across projects. ACLs are added to Kafka topics and are persisted only into the database. Client access to Kafka topics is authorized based on these ACLs. ACLs are added, updated, listed and/or removed from the HopsWorks WebUI. HopsACLAuthorizer, a Hops implementation of the Authorizer interface, authorizes Kafka client operations using the ACLs in the database. The Apache Avro schema registry for topics enabled the producer and consumer to better integrate by transferring a preestablished message format. The result of this project is the first Hadoop distribution that supports Kafka multi-tenancy.
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Craig, Julie. "Economic feasibility of growing hops in Nebraska." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35370.

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Master of Agribusiness
Department of Agricultural Economics
Vincent R. Amanor-Boadu
Nationwide, the craft brew industry has enjoyed massive growth. Hops are an important ingredient in craft brew beer and rapid growth of this industry has created many opportunities to grow hops. Currently, hops production is concentrated in the Pacific Northwest. That is beginning to change with new hops acres being planted every year across the country. The study looks at how economically feasible it is to plant hops in Nebraska. Is there enough local demand? Finally, given that Nebraska’s weather is dramatically different than the Pacific Northwest, can hops flourish there? The research begins by assessing all costs associated with a starting a three acre hops operation. Estimated yield and income is projected for ten years to establish cash flow. Instances of hail, wind and tornados for Clay County Nebraska for the years 2006-2016 were calculated to determine a probability of those weather events occurring. The probability was then used to determine the effect it could have on yield of hops per year. In addition to cost of production, the study also documented the growth of Nebraska’s craft brew industry to establish demand for locally grown hops. The researched concluded that if production stayed constant and our discount rate at 5%, assuming prices remain where they are or higher, then it is economically feasible to grow hops in Nebraska. Wind, hail and tornadoes do pose a threat in the Midwest but their effect on yield is not enough to deter someone from planting hops there. Access to reliable capital to begin and sustain a hops operation appears to have a greater impact. In addition, Nebraska’s craft brew industry continues to expand rapidly suggesting a strong market for locally grown hops. This information is important for anyone who is considering planting a commercial hops yard. Given how expensive the start-up costs are and how labor intensive the crop is, this research can provide guidance to those seeking to add hops production to their new or existing farming operation.
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Cooler, Kathleen E. Hudson. "Hop Agriculture in Oregon: The First Century." PDXScholar, 1986. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3608.

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This thesis was written to document, through both primary and secondary sources, the history of hop growing as it was in Oregon between 1850 and 1950. In those years, hop growing was most often a speculative venture. Growers could be rich one year and bankrupt the next due to the uncertainties of marketing.
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Godwin, Jeremy R. "Resistance to powdery mildew disease in hops (Humulus lupulus L.)." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/63593.

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The virulence of eight isolates of Sphaerotheca humuli (DC.) Burr, was examined on nine varieties of hops (Humulus lupulus L.). Genotypes determined for varieties with race specific resistance generally agreed with previous reports. Although major genes for resistance usually conferred immunity from infection the effectiveness of the gene was shown to be reduced at low temperatures, thereby allowing weak sporulation to develop. The leaf blistering response previously considered to be a consequence of Rg gene determined resistance was shown to be unrelated to the expression of this gene. Quantitative microscopical examination of isolate/variety combinations exhibiting race specific resistance revealed that incompatible fungal sporelings were restricted in the early stages of their development. The expression of the Rg, and R^ resistance genes was associated with a reduction in the frequency with which germinated spores formed haustorial initials. Histochemical and ultrastructural studies showed that the hypersensitive reaction(cell death seen as granulation) in response to epidermal cell penetration was a feature common to most interactions involving major genes for resistance. Adjacent palisade mesophyll cells 'frequently also showed signs of reaction which in severe cases resulted in cellular browning. A 1,3—glucan (probably callose) was deposited in the paramural space and lignin-like compounds appeared to accumulate in the walls and cytoplasmic contents of most reacting mesophyll cells. Callose deposition and lignification were also observed in responding epidermal cells. Infection development on partially resistant breeding lines was studied under laboratory, glasshouse and field conditions. Laboratory experiments revealed that partial resistance to S. humuli was expressed as a reduction in the number of fungal colonies established, an increase in the incubation period and reductions in both the extent and intensity of sporulation. Cellular necrosis was less obvious than in race specific resistance. Comparative studies showed that plants severely infected as seedlings in a glasshouse screen were also severely infected when adult in the hop garden. However, in overall terms there was a relatively poor correlation between the levels of sporulation on seedlings and adult plants of partially resistant breeding lines.
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Judd, Barslund Duane. "Hops Production in Virginia: Nutrition, Fungal Pathogens, and Cultivar Trials." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86196.

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In the United States, hops (Humulus lupulus L.) are grown mainly in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). For this reason, most cultural information is based on the growing conditions of the PNW. Growing conditions in Virginia differ drastically and present unique disease and production challenges. Three studies were conducted with the intent of increasing hop cultivation knowledge for Virginia growers. For the first study, 13 cultivars of hops grown at the Virginia Tech hop yard were compared for growth, yield, and quality. Mean cone fresh weight per plant ranged from 12.00 g for Mt. Hood to 1002.87 g for Crystal in 2016 and from 97.98 g for Mt. Hood to 900.33 g for Cascade in 2017. In 2016, only Alpharoma, Cascade, Mt. Rainier, and Southern Cross had alpha acid levels, an indicator of cone quality, within the accepted range. In 2017, Alpharoma, Centennial, Mt. Rainier, and Nugget had alpha acid levels within the expected range. Three cultivars (Cascade, Crystal, and Ultra) were above the expected alpha acid range, which indicates more bittering potential for beer brewers. In a nutrient deficiency study, hop plants were grown in hydroponic solutions, and deficiencies were induced for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). After visual deficiency symptoms had been induced, leaf tissue samples were taken and analyzed for nutrient content. Images were taken at each deficiency stage. For N, incipient deficiency symptoms were observed at a mean of 3.18% dry weight in leaf tissue samples. Visual symptoms included a chlorotic appearance, undersized leaves, and red petioles. Incipient symptoms for P were observed at a mean of 0.307% dry weight in leaf tissue samples. Necrotic spots, leaf cupping, and undersized leaves were apparent with this deficiency. Incipient symptoms for K were observed at a mean of 1.21% dry weight in leaf tissue samples. Symptoms included rounded leaf tips, blue veins, and marginal scorch. In the third study, a whole leaf powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis) assay was developed and tested using five hop cultivars, Alpharoma, Cascade, Comet, Sorachi Ace, and Tahoma. Leaves were inoculated with powdery mildew (PM) using a settling tower. This method was used to rapidly assess the resistance of cultivars. Leaves were successfully inoculated and PM colonies were allowed to grow for two weeks. Images of the PM colony development on inoculated leaves were compared using ImageJ to determine percentage of coverage. Tahoma was the only cultivar found to produce a significantly different mean percent coverage (19.5%) compared with the resistant cultivars Cascade and Comet (<1%).
Master of Science in Life Sciences
Hops (Humulus lupulus) were first grown in the United States in Massachusetts in the early 1600s. Production of this crop eventually spread throughout the Northeastern US. By the mid-1800s, commercial production spread to southern states such as Virginia. Infestation of pests, e.g., hop aphid and diseases such as downy mildew in eastern states, and prohibition on the production of alcohol caused a significant shift in hop production, which favored the Pacific Northwest (PNW). As a result, in Virginia specific knowledge of hop cultivation is now lacking. Three studies were conducted to increase our knowledge of hop cultivation for the region. For the first study, 13 cultivars grown at the Virginia Tech hop yard were compared for growth, yield, and quality. The cultivars Cascade and Alpharoma had alpha acid levels equal to or higher than expected for the 2016 and 2017 seasons. The alpha acid levels are an indicator of the hop quality from the Cascade and Alpharoma cultivars. Cascade was also a top producer of hop cones with a mean fresh weight of 989.67 g and 900.33 g in 2016 and 2017, respectively. In a nutrient deficiency study, plants were grown in Hoagland hydroponic solutions, which contain all essential nutrients needed for plant growth. This was done to provide photographic documentation to assist local growers with deficiency identification. Deficiencies were induced for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) by removing each of the specific nutrient of interest from each treatment solution. After deficiency symptoms were induced, leaf tissue samples were taken and analyzed for nutrient content. Nutrient deficiencies were documented using photographs. For N, visual symptoms included a chlorotic appearance, undersized leaves, and red petioles. Incipient symptoms for P included necrotic spots, leaf cupping, and undersized leaves. For K, leaf cupping, blue green veins, marginal scorch, and rounded leaf tips. Disease resistance of cultivars is important information for growers and can heavily influence hop yard planning. As such, in another study, an assay for powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis) was developed that allows for rapid low cost testing of hop cultivars. The assay was tested on the following cultivars: Alpharoma, Cascade, Comet, Sorachi Ace, and Tahoma. Leaves were inoculated with powdery mildew (PM) using a settling tower. Powdery mildew colonies were allowed to grow for two weeks and were then analyzed using ImageJ software to determine percent coverage. At the end of the experiment, Tahoma had significantly greater PM coverage compared to the other cultivars, indicating that Tahoma is less resistant to the specific PM strain.
Hops (Humulus lupulus) were first grown in the United States in Massachusetts in the early 1600s. Production of this crop eventually spread throughout the Northeastern US. By the mid-1800s, commercial production spread to southern states such as Virginia. Infestation of pests, e.g., hop aphid and diseases such as downy mildew in eastern states, and prohibition on the production of alcohol caused a significant shift in hop production, which favored the Pacific Northwest (PNW). As a result, in Virginia specific knowledge of hop cultivation is now lacking. Three studies were conducted to increase our knowledge of hop cultivation for the region. For the first study, 13 cultivars grown at the Virginia Tech hop yard were compared for growth, yield, and quality. The cultivars Cascade and Alpharoma had alpha acid levels equal to or higher than expected for the 2016 and 2017 seasons. The alpha acid levels are an indicator of the hop quality from the Cascade and Alpharoma cultivars. Cascade was also a top producer of hop cones with a mean fresh weight of 989.67 g and 900.33 g in 2016 and 2017, respectively. In a nutrient deficiency study, plants were grown in Hoagland hydroponic solutions, which contain all essential nutrients needed for plant growth. This was done to provide photographic documentation to assist local growers with deficiency identification. Deficiencies were induced for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) by removing each of the specific nutrient of interest from each treatment solution. After deficiency symptoms were induced, leaf tissue samples were taken and analyzed for nutrient content. Nutrient deficiencies were documented using photographs. For N, visual symptoms included a chlorotic appearance, undersized leaves, and red petioles. Incipient symptoms for P included necrotic spots, leaf cupping, and undersized leaves. For K, leaf cupping, blue green veins, marginal scorch, and rounded leaf tips. Disease resistance of cultivars is important information for growers and can heavily influence hop yard planning. As such, in another study, an assay for powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis) was developed that allows for rapid low cost testing of hop cultivars. The assay was tested on the following cultivars: Alpharoma, Cascade, Comet, Sorachi Ace, and Tahoma. Leaves were inoculated with powdery mildew (PM) using a settling tower. Powdery mildew colonies were allowed to grow for two weeks and were then analyzed using ImageJ software to determine percent coverage. At the end of the experiment, Tahoma had significantly greater PM coverage compared to the other cultivars, indicating that Tahoma is less resistant to the specific PM strain.
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Ndiaye, Susan Gloria. "Biological control of twospotted spider mite on hops in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524189700645233.

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Moré, Andre, and Ermias Gebremeskel. "HopsWorks : A project-based access control model for Hadoop." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175742.

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The growth in the global data gathering capacity is producing a vast amount of data which is getting vaster at an increasingly faster rate. This data properly analyzed can represent great opportunity for businesses, but processing it is a resource-intensive task. Sharing can increase efficiency due to reusability but there are legal and ethical questions that arise when data is shared. The purpose of this thesis is to gain an in depth understanding of the different access control methods that can be used to facilitate sharing, and choose one to implement on a platform that lets user analyze, share, and collaborate on, datasets. The resulting platform uses a project based access control on the API level and a fine-grained role based access control on the file system to give full control over the shared data to the data owner.
I dagsläget så genereras och samlas det in oerhört stora mängder data som växer i ett allt högre tempo för varje dag som går. Den korrekt analyserade datan skulle kunna erbjuda stora möjligheter för företag men problemet är att det är väldigt resurskrävande att bearbeta. Att göra det möjligt för organisationer att dela med sig utav datan skulle effektivisera det hela tack vare återanvändandet av data men det dyker då upp olika frågor kring lagliga samt etiska aspekter när man delar dessa data. Syftet med denna rapport är att få en djupare förståelse för dom olika åtkomstmetoder som kan användas vid delning av data för att sedan kunna välja den metod som man ansett vara mest lämplig att använda sig utav i en plattform. Plattformen kommer att användas av användare som vill skapa projekt där man vill analysera, dela och arbeta med DataSets, vidare kommer plattformens säkerhet att implementeras med en projekt-baserad åtkomstkontroll på API nivå och detaljerad rollbaserad åtkomstkontroll på filsystemet för att ge dataägaren full kontroll över den data som delas
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Joseph, Beverley-Anne. "The effect of timing of stripping on hop production under South African conditions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97923.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Hops is a small, but important agricultural commodity in South Africa. The hop cones contain secondary metabolites responsible for the flavour, aroma and bitterness in beer. The George and Waboomskraal area are the best suited for growing hops due to climate and geographical location. The optimum latitude for hops growing is 45° - 54° north and south of the equator, while these areas are at 34° S. International hop varieties are not adapted to the South African climate. Winters are too warm and summer days too short, thus all the varieties grown in South Africa have been bred for these specific conditions. The Hop breeding and research program strives to develop internationally competitive varieties with higher yields, desirable brewing characteristics, reducing input costs and increased productivity. To evaluate the current agricultural practices and to determine whether some of these practices negatively affect the plant health and yield, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of the time of stripping. Stripping refers to the practice of removing basal growth of the lower laterals and untrained bines. The study was done in two different microclimates, namely George and Waboomskraal. The aim was to determine the effect of the time of stripping on the vegetative growth, light interception, biomass, soft resins (alpha and beta acids), yield, rootstock weights and carbohydrate concentrations. The effect of stripping was also evaluated on different planting systems and plant maturity, namely Tram lines and conventional planting and 3 years old versus 5 year old plants. The effect of early stripping in terms of dry weight on mature plants is considerably less than the effect on younger plants. Young plants delivered lower dry weights, but accumulated higher carbohydrate reserves in the early stripping treatment. On young plants early stripping showed a significant difference favouring yield on tramlines. There is a general trend across all sites of higher crop efficiencies in the early stripped treatments. Growers could significantly increase yields without negatively affecting the quality (alpha and beta acids) by applying early stripping, especially in the George area. The effect of early stripping becomes more apparent in consecutive years as the time of defoliation affects foliage, carbohydrate concentration, canopy microclimate and light interception resulting in increased yields, especially on tramlines. From this study it can be concluded that early stripping appeared to have an influence on the dry root weight, carbohydrate concentration, light interception, crop efficiencies, yield and biomass. This practice is not only environmentally friendly by using less herbicide, it also delivers an economic gain. The effect of the time of stripping in consecutive years and different varieties deserves further study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hops is 'n klein, maar belangrike landbou kommoditeit in Suid-Afrika. Die hopkeëls bevat sekondêre metaboliete wat verantwoordelik is vir die smaak, aroma en bitterheid van bier. Die George en Waboomskraal gebied is die beste geskik vir die kweek van hops, a.g.v. die klimaat en geografiese ligging. Die optimum breedtegraad vir hops verbouing is tussen 45° - 54° noord en suid van die ewenaar, waar hierdie gebiede by 34° S lê. Internasionale hops varieteite is nie aangepas by die Suid-Afrikaanse klimaat nie, want die winters is te warm en die daglengte in die somer is te kort. Al die variëteite in Suid Afrika is geteel vir dié spesifieke klimaatstoestande. Die Hopsteling en -navorsingprogram streef daarna om internasionaal mededingende varieteite met hoër opbrengste, verminderde insetkoste, verhoogde produktiwiteit en wenslike broueienskappe te ontwikkel. 'n Studie is gedoen om die effek van stropingstyd te evalueer en te identifiseer of hierdie praktyk negatiewe invloede op die gesondheid van plante en opbrengste het. Stroping verwys na die praktyk van die verwydering van basale groei van die laer laterale en onopgeleide ranke. Die studie is gedoen in twee verskillende mikroklimate, naamlik George en Waboomskraal. Die doel was om te bepaal wat die effek van stropingstyd op die vegetatiewe groei, lig onderskepping, biomassa, alfasure en betasure, opbrengs, wortelmassa en koolhidrate konsentrasies is. Die effek van stropingstyd was ook geëvalueer op verskillende plantsisteme en plant volwassenheid, naamlik Tramlyne en Konvensionele -plantsisteem, en 3 jaar oue teenoor 5 jaar oue plante. Die effek van vroeë stroping in terme van droë gewig op volwasse plante is aansienlik minder as die effek op jonger plante. Jong plante het laer droë gewig, maar hoër koolhidraat reserwes in die vroeë stroping behandeling gelewer. Vroë stroping van jong plante het ’n beduidende verskil getoon ten opsigte van opbrengste op die Tramlyn-plantsisteem. Daar is 'n algemene tendens op alle lokaliteite van hoër opbrengs doeltreffendheid in die vroeë stropings behandelings. Produsente, veral in die George area, kan opbrengste aansienlik verhoog sonder om die kwaliteit (alfa en beta sure) negatief te beïnvloed, deur die toepassing van vroeë stroping. Die effek van vroeë stroping word meer duidelik in agtereenvolgende jare, omdat die stropingstyd die koolhidrate konsentrasie, mikroklimaat binne in die hopranke en lig onderskepping wat lei tot verhoogde opbrengste, veral op die Tramlyn- plantsisteem, beïnvloed. Uit hierdie studie kan afgelei word dat vroeë stroping 'n invloed op die ligonderskepping, plantgewas doeltreffendheid, biomassa, opbrengs, droë wortelgewig en koolhidraatkonsentrasie het. Hierdie praktyk is nie net omgewingsvriendelik nie, maar gebruik minder onkruiddoder en lewer ekononomiese voordele vir die produsent. Die effek van stropingstyd op agtereenvolgende jare en verskillende varieteite verdien verdere studie.
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Books on the topic "Hops"

1

Neve, R. A. Hops. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3.

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Tomlan, Michael A. Tinged with gold: Hop culture in the United States. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992.

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Heffernan, Hilary. Voices of Kent and East Sussex hop pickers. Stroud: Tempus, 2004.

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Worboyes, Sally. Wild hops. London: Knight, 2000.

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Worboyes, Sally. Wild hops. London: Coronet, 2001.

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Metzger, Steve. Dot hops. New York: Scholastic, 2005.

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Davis, Katie. Who hops? San Diego: Harcourt Brace, 1998.

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Davis, Katie. Who hops? San Diego, CA: Red Wagon Books, 2002.

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H, Shellhammer Thomas, American Society of Brewing Chemists, and Master Brewers Association of the Americas, eds. Hop flavor and aroma: Proceedings of the 1st International Brewers Symposium. St. Paul: American Society of Brewing Chemists, 2009.

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Gordon, Sharon. Guess who hops. New York: Benchmark Books, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hops"

1

Neve, R. A. "Botany." In Hops, 1–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_1.

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Neve, R. A. "The hop trade." In Hops, 225–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_10.

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Neve, R. A. "The cultivated hop." In Hops, 25–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_2.

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Neve, R. A. "Production methods." In Hops, 49–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_3.

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Neve, R. A. "Harvesting." In Hops, 79–100. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_4.

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Neve, R. A. "Pests and diseases: historical review." In Hops, 101–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_5.

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Neve, R. A. "Pests." In Hops, 115–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_6.

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Neve, R. A. "Fungal diseases." In Hops, 137–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_7.

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Neve, R. A. "Virus diseases." In Hops, 175–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_8.

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Neve, R. A. "Varieties and breeding." In Hops, 195–223. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3106-3_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hops"

1

Osipova, Yu S. "Analysis of the survival rate of world hop varieties (Humulus lupulus L.) in the collection of the Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house RGAU-MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-103.

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The article presents the results of research of hop varieties collected from various hop-producing countries of the world in order to preserve the genetic resources of this crop. The history of the development of the bioresource genetic collection of common hops (Humulus lupulus L.) is described. In Chuvashia in 1980, work began on the collection and creation of a collection of hops. In many countries of the world, national programs are being developed for the conservation and use of plant genetic resources, including hops.
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Koushanfar, Farinaz, and Negar Kiyavash. "Hop-by-hop or longer hops: The energy perspective." In 2008 International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/innovations.2008.4781759.

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Han, Jiale, Bo Cheng, and Xu Wang. "Two-Phase Hypergraph Based Reasoning with Dynamic Relations for Multi-Hop KBQA." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/500.

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Multi-hop knowledge base question answering (KBQA) aims at finding the answers to a factoid question by reasoning across multiple triples. Note that when human performs multi-hop reasoning, one tends to concentrate on specific relation at different hops and pinpoint a group of entities connected by the relation. Hypergraph convolutional networks (HGCN) can simulate this behavior by leveraging hyperedges to connect more than two nodes more than pairwise connection. However, HGCN is for undirected graphs and does not consider the direction of information transmission. We introduce the directed-HGCN (DHGCN) to adapt to the knowledge graph with directionality. Inspired by human's hop-by-hop reasoning, we propose an interpretable KBQA model based on DHGCN, namely two-phase hypergraph based reasoning with dynamic relations, which explicitly updates relation information and dynamically pays attention to different relations at different hops. Moreover, the model predicts relations hop-by-hop to generate an intermediate relation path. We conduct extensive experiments on two widely used multi-hop KBQA datasets to prove the effectiveness of our model.
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Bayhan, Suzan, Esa Hyytiä, Jussi Kangasharju, and Jörg Ott. "Two Hops or More." In MSWiM'15: 18th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2811587.2811592.

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Wang, Yujian, Kaiguo Qian, Sunyan Hong, and Chunfen Bu. "An Improved Algorithm for Dv-Hop Based on Hops Correction." In 2016 4th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computing Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmct-16.2016.333.

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Watters, Anne. "High Output Plant System (HOPS)." In Railway Electrification. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2014.0060.

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Fang, Wangsheng, Haomin Xu, and Geng Yang. "Improved DV-Hop Algorithm Based on Minimum Hops Correction and Reevaluate Hop Distance." In 2019 5th International Conference on Information Management (ICIM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infoman.2019.8714669.

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Di Franco, Fabio, Ilenia Tinnirello, and Yu Ge. "1 Hop or 2 hops: Topology analysis in Body Area Network." In 2014 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2014.6882617.

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Stamatiou, Kostas, and Martin Haenggi. "The delay-optimal number of hops in Poisson multi-hop networks." In 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory - ISIT. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit.2010.5513261.

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Kogan, Shimon, and Merav Parter. "Having Hope in Hops: New Spanners, Preservers and Lower Bounds for Hopsets." In 2022 IEEE 63rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/focs54457.2022.00078.

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Reports on the topic "Hops"

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Davis, Ryan. Holistic Operations Planning System (HOPS). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1056830.

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Gangopadhyay, Avijit. Implementing FORMS for the Monterey Bay Forecasting System Using HOPS and ROMS. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629478.

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Butler, Bryan, Tom Barse, Nahla V. Bassil, and Kim Lewers. How we came to have the 'Monocacy' hop. Yakima, WA: Hop Growers of America, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2023.8127202.ars.

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The popularity of local craft beers in the US is growing, as is the desire for beers made with all-local ingredients. Maryland breweries have been able to use locally grown ingredients, including hops, but have not been able to claim use of a hop native to Maryland. 'Monocacy' hop was discovered in Maryland on a farm that was part of the original Carrollton Manor, once owned by Charles Carroll, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, in what was likely a cottage garden between the house and barn. Molecular fingerprinting established it as unique and clustering with hop accessions native to North America. Compared with cultivars currently grown in Maryland, 'Monocacy' is very large and vigorous, late maturing, and tolerant of of two-spotted spider mites, potato leafhoppers, and hop downy mildew. 'Monocacy' produces high yields of large open cones with an herbaal-floral aroma and abundant lupulin. Most hops have more alpha acids than beta acids, and contribute a bitter flavor to beers. The 'Monocacy' alpha acid content was lower than the beta acid content, with alpha to beta acid ratios ranging from 0.54 to 0.59 and could contribute to a beer that is not overly bitter. High myrcene (12.85%) and caryophyllene (38.13%) suggest a spicy-floral character. 'Monocacy' added an earthy and spicy note to lighter beers, and in some beers when used as a dry hop it added a light fruity note on the pallet in the finish. The most recent beer using 'Monocacy' had a medium-light body with a bisquity malt aroma and delicate "spicy/hoppy" nose. Maryland breweries are anxious to use this hop in their beers.
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Годжиев, Георгий Тимофеевич, and Ирина Николаевна Воробьева. Improving the system of preschool physical education by means of Fitball - gymnastics and hops. DOI CODE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/doicode-2023.184.

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Robinson, Allan R. Development of a Regional Coastal and Open Ocean Forecast System: Harvard Ocean Prediction System (HOPS). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada328980.

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Lapolla, Kendra. Hope. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1607.

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Stroud, Carlos. Schrodinger's Hope. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada270988.

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Linder, Hannah. Restoring Hope Tote. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1049.

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Hunter, Janine, Lorraine van Blerk, and Wayne Shand. Living on the Streets, Making Plans for the Future. StreetInvest, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001242.

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Like other young people, street children and youth have hopes, dreams and aspirations, but perceive their future as more immediate due to the daily search for shelter and food. • Street children and youth hope to attain material and symbolic signs of adult status, including starting their own family, and the respect and esteem of the wider community. • Their route to the future they aspire to is often unclear, hindered by a lack of shelter, identity documents, discrimination, and gender norms. • While acknowledging limited power, street children and youth were simultaneously optimistic and realistic about what their future may hold.
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Rozsnyai, B. F. Zero Temperature Hope Calculations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15002786.

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