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1
Березка, Тетяна Олександрівна. "Удосконалення технології високостійкого пива з використанням антиоксидантів з рослинної сировини." Thesis, Національний університет харчових технологій, 2014. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/25005.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.18.05 – технологія цукристих речовин та продуктів бродіння. – Національний університет харчових технологій Міністерства освіти і науки, Київ, 2014. Дисертаційну роботу присвячено удосконаленню технології пива з використанням антиоксидантів з рослинної сировини. Розглянуто окиснення ізо-альфа-кислот при кип’ятінні сусла з хмелем або хмелепродуктами за ланцюговим вільнорадикальним механізмом. Визначено шляхи сповільнення окиснення в результаті додавання антиоксидантів з рослинної сировини. На основі вивчення кінетики окиснення компонентів хмельових смол озонованим повітрям розчинів СО₂-екстракту хмелю підібрано умови, що забезпечують прискорене окиснення компонентів хмельових смол. Доведено ефективність застосування антиоксидантів із рослинної сировини для захисту від окиснення компонентів хмельових смол. Встановлено найефективніші антиоксиданти та рекомендовану кількість їх внесення. Виявлено, що добавка АО із листя м'яти перцевої та кори дуба в сусло в процесі його кип'ятіння із хмелем найбільш ефективно сприяє коагуляції білків сусла й освітленню пива і дає можливість економити 10 % хмелю або його концентратів та збільшити фізіологічну цінність пива. Виявлено, що АО з трави звіробою та кори дуба впливають на вміст летких метаболітів окиснювального обміну, зокрема зменшують вміст діацетилу та ацетальдегіду в молодому та готовому пиві. Запропоновано технологію застосування антиоксидантів з рослинної сировини на стадіях кип’ятіння і охолодження сусла. Визначено технологічні режими внесення антиоксидантів з рослинної сировини і хмелепродуктів. Проведено виробничі випробування технології різних сортів пива з використанням рослинних антиоксидантів на заводі Харківського відділення ПАТ «CАН ІнБев Україна». Виготовлено дослідно-промислову партію об’ємом 10000 дал.The thesis for a scientific degree of candidate of technical sciences on specialty 05.18.05 – technology of sugary substances and fermentation products. – National University of Food Technologies, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kуiv, 2014. The dissertation paper is devoted to the improvement of beer technology with the use of plant-extracted antioxidants. Iso-alpha acids oxidation by free-radical-chain mechanism during wort boiling with hop or hop products is discussed. The ways to inhibit the oxidation due to the addition of plant-extracted antioxidants are determined. Based on the analysis of kinetics of ozonized air oxidation of hop resins components in methanol CO₂ hop extract solution, the conditions are found that provide accelerated oxidation of hop resins components. The efficiency of application of plant-extracted antioxidants for anti-oxygenation of hop resins components is proved. The most effective antioxidants and their dosing rate have been determined. It is revealed that adding antioxidants extracted from peppermint leaves and oak bark into boiling wort with hop is most effective for wort proteins coagulation and beer clarification, this provides up to 10 % savings in hop or its extracts and increases the physiological value of the beer. It is found that antioxidants extracted from Hypericum and oak bark influence the contents of volatile metabolites of the oxidizing exchange; specifically they reduce the diacetyl and acetic aldehyde content in young and finished beer. The technology of plant-extracted antioxidants application at the stages of wort boiling and cooling is proposed. The conditions of plant-extracted antioxidants and hop products dozing are determined. Industrial tests of production technology for different beer types with the use of plant-extracted antioxidants were performed at the Kharkov branch of the PJSC «SUN InBev Ukraine». An experimental industrial batch of 10,000 dal was produced.
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Andrews, Shaun Leigh. "Wiener-Hopf factorization via indefinite inner products." Thesis, Swansea University, 2003. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42950.
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Most of the thesis is concerned with a seemingly simple example, referred to as the two-boundary problem. The problem illustrates (a) that the use of indefinite inner products can illuminate Probabilistic Wiener-Hopf Theory in symmetrizable cases, and (b) that half-winding probabilities should be thought of as branching measures for Ray processes. The use of the indefinite inner product provides us with an efficient way to tackle the traditionally difficult issue that it duality. A fully rigorous study of time reversal is always a problem for Probability Theory. The analytic approach reveals some results of considerable independent interest. The two-boundary problem is examined in Chapter 2. We begin with the necessary analysis and then confirm everything with the corresponding probability. The nature in which everything tallies is amazing, chiefly due to the crucial theorem that shows the equivalence of PDE and local martingale properties. Moreover, the way in which the analysis effortlessly provides us with the desired duality results cannot be underestimated. In Chapter 3, we look at a one-boundary problem with a drift component. The importance of the duality arguments in Chapter 2 is emphasised. In addition, unlike in the two-boundary problem, continuity of one of the underlying semigroups poses a rather serious problem. This provides motivation for part of Chapter 4. Of particular interest her is a certain mystifying ‘independence of drift’ result. Chapter 4 is concerned with (unorthodox) non-minimal, non-negative solutions of the Riccati equations for both the drift and two-boundary problems. The ‘continuity’ difficulty mentioned above in resolved in some generality.
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Silva, Dias Ana Paula da. "Bifurcations with wreath product symmetry." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302657.
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Yang, Tao. "Explicit Realization of Hopf Cyclic Cohomology Classes of Bicrossed Product Hopf Algebras." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1440166022.
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Moreira, Rodriguez Rivera Walter. "Products of representations of the symmetric group and non-commutative versions." Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85938.
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We construct a new operation among representations of the symmetric group that
interpolates between the classical internal and external products, which are defined in
terms of tensor product and induction of representations. Following Malvenuto and
Reutenauer, we pass from symmetric functions to non-commutative symmetric functions
and from there to the algebra of permutations in order to relate the internal and
external products to the composition and convolution of linear endomorphisms of the
tensor algebra. The new product we construct corresponds to the Heisenberg product
of endomorphisms of the tensor algebra. For symmetric functions, the Heisenberg
product is given by a construction which combines induction and restriction of representations.
For non-commutative symmetric functions, the structure constants of
the Heisenberg product are given by an explicit combinatorial rule which extends a
well-known result of Garsia, Remmel, Reutenauer, and Solomon for the descent algebra.
We describe the dual operation among quasi-symmetric functions in terms of
alphabets.
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Bresee, Donald Douglas Keith. "New derivative instruments for Alberta hog producers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21156.pdf.
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Sheikholeslami, Roya. "Drying of hog fuel in a fixed bed." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30970.
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Hog fuel is increasingly becoming an alternative to alleviate the energy problems associated
with the use of fossil fuels. To make adequate use of hog fuel, its moisture content should be reduced prior to combustion either in an external dryer or in the initial stages of a hog fuel boiler. Therefore, this research project was undertaken to establish the factors which govern the drying rate of wet hog fuel particles. The convective drying of wood-waste on the slow moving bed of hog fuel boilers was simulated in a packed bed. The information which was obtained can also be applied to approximate the drying behaviour in external dryers.
An apparatus was constructed to accommodate the use of hot air, flue gas, superheated steam and a mixture of them as drying media. Drying tests were carried out, over the temperature range of 125-245°C, on 1.1 to 4 kg batches of Western Hemlock hog fuel of thicknesses from 2 to 12 mm. The relative effects of velocity (V), temperature (T), nature of the drying gas, bed depth (L), and initial moisture content of the hog fuel samples (M₀) on the drying process were investigated using a mixture of several thickness fractions having an average (sauter mean) particle thickness (dp) of 6.3 mm.
Drying rates were determined through measurement of the change either in humidity of the drying gas, or flow rate of the superheated steam across the bed of hog fuel. Gas humidity was measured using an optical dew point sensor and steam flow was monitored using an orifice plate connected to a massflow transmitter.
Drying rates have been quantified as functions of hog fuel particle thickness, initial moisture
content and bed depth. The effects of gas temperature, velocity and humidity have also been quantitatively established. The drying process was insensitive to CO₂ content of the drying gas.
The existence of an inversion temperature above which drying rates increase with humidity
of the drying medium was both experimentally and theoretically confirmed and the locus of inversion points was determined.
Instantaneous normalized drying rates, ƒ, and characteristic moisture contents, Φ
, have been determined and the existence of a unified characteristic drying rate curve was verified.
Using a receding plane model, ƒ was formulated as a function of Φ, for dp = 6.3 mm and at L = 25 cm, for both superheated steam and relatively dry air.
Pressure drop measurements were obtained for all the runs with the exception of the superheated steam ones. Application of an accepted pressure drop equation permitted the sphericity of the hog fuel particles to be approximated. A design equation for gas pressure drop in beds of hog fuel particles was investigated.
The simultaneous heat and mass transfer processes in drying during the heat transfer controlled period was studied. Using the concept of volumetric evaporation, an empirical correlation for the overall heat transfer coefficient in a packed bed of hog fuel particles has been obtained.
The effects of different parameters on both the particle residence time required for drying and the grate heat release rate in hog fuel boilers were determined.Applied Science, Faculty of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Miet, Killian. "Etude expérimentale de la dégradation hétérogène des Composés Aromatiques Polycycliques (CAP) d'intérêt troposphérique." Phd thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00424794.
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Ce travail a eu pour objectif d'étudier l'oxydation hétérogène de composés aromatiques polycycliques (CAP) adsorbés sur des particules solides, exposés à des oxydants troposphériques. Après adaptation et validation des protocoles analytiques, deux aspects ont été abordés : les cinétiques de dégradation avec O3, NO2 et OH dans un premier temps, puis l'étude des produits d'oxydation formés au cours de ces réactions. Les constantes de vitesse mesurées ont permis de comparer les différences de réactivité entre les composés étudiés (pyrène, 1-nitropyrène, 1-hydroxypyrène, 9,10-anthraquinone). L'influence de différents paramètres sur la réactivité (nature des particules, concentration en HAP...) a aussi été étudiée. Enfin, la détermination des produits d'oxydation et leur quantification, quand cela a été possible, a permis de mieux comprendre le devenir de ces composés particulaires dans l'atmosphère, à travers les mécanismes réactionnels proposés.
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Legault, Benoit. "Measuring risk attitudes of Quebec dairy and hog producers." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59539.
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The objective of this study is to investigate the degree of risk aversion towards investment in the Quebec hog and dairy sectors. The Direct Elicitation of Utility function was employed to determine producers' degree of aversion to risk. The Delphi technique was also introduced as a means of obtaining more refined and realistic information. The highly diverse risk attitudes which vary between extremely concave and extremely convex utility functions indicate, on average, a slightly risk averse behaviour for both farming groups. Dairy producers have 69% risk-averse, 10% close to risk-neutrality and 21% risk-loving individuals for the $100,000 investment game in the EP format. These figures are respectively 69 %, 6 % and 23 % for hog producers. Hog farmers are found more averse to risk than dairy producers, but more significantly at higher levels of investment. Integrated and non-integrated hog producers do not show any conclusive differences with respect to their risk preferences.
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Peters, Yvonne Grace. "A clinical audit of the utilisation of red blood cell products in elective total hip replacement surgery." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2239.
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Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Sciences))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.Previous international studies have documented a marked variation in transfusion practice for Total Hip Replacement (THR) surgery. This is despite widespread dissemination of clinical guidelines for the use of blood products. The cost and potential wastage of blood products as well as concerns regarding patient care and outcomes are important drivers of optimal blood management. The aim of this study was to audit red cell product utilisation for THR surgeries at two tertiary referral hospitals.
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Cazaunau, Mathieu. "Oxydation atmosphérique hétérogène de HAP et de PBDE : cinétique, produits et génotoxicité." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13907/document.
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Ce travail a eu pour objectif l’étude de la dégradation hétérogène d’hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) et de polybromo diphényles éthers (PBDE) en présence d’oxydants atmosphériques. La réactivité du benzo[a]pyrène et du dibenzo[a,l]pyrène pour les HAP et du BDE 153 (hexabromé) et du BDE 209 (décabromé) pour les PBDE, a été étudiée lorsqu’ils sont adsorbés sur des particules minérales modèles (des particules de silice) et exposés à l’ozone, au dioxyde d’azote ou aux radicaux hydroxyles. L’extraction et l’analyse de ces composés ont été optimisées. Le suivi de l’évolution de la concentration en composé adsorbé en fonction de son temps d’exposition à l’oxydant a permis de déterminer les paramètres cinétiques de chaque composé, pour chaque oxydant. L’influence de la concentration particulaire et de la structure moléculaire sur la réactivité a ainsi été évaluée et débattue. L’identification des produits de réactions majoritaires a été effectuée pour les réactions des HAP avec le dioxyde d’azote et les radicaux hydroxyles et les réactions des PBDE avec les radicaux hydroxyles. Enfin, l’étude de la génotoxicité des extraits de particules pour différents temps d’exposition aux oxydants a été réalisée. Cette étude regroupe une approche cinétique, une approche mécanistique et une approche toxicologiqueThis work deals with the heterogeneous degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polybromo diphenyls ethers (PBDE) with various atmospheric oxidants. The reactivity of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DalP) for PAH and BDE 153 and BDE 209 for PBDE, had been studied when they are adsorbed on a model of mineral particles (silica particles) and exposed to ozone, nitrogen dioxide and hydroxyl radical. Extraction and analyse of compounds were optimised. For all studied reactions, kinetic parameters were obtained following the remaining concentration of compound for different exposure times. Influence of the particle loading and molecular structure on the reactivity had been evaluated and discussed. Identification of the main degradation products was made for the reaction of PAH with nitrogen dioxide and hydroxyl radical and for the reaction of PBDE with hydroxyl radical. Then, the genotoxicity of the particle extracts was made for different exposure times. This study talks about kinetics, mechanistic and genotoxicity
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Cervantes, José Rodrigo. "Hopf algebras associated to transitive pseudogroups in codimension 2." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1452041006.
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El, Zein Atallah. "Etudes en laboratoire des interactions d'oxydants atmosphériques (NO2, HONO, H2O2, HO2, OH) avec des aérosols minéraux." Thesis, Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE2023.
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La poussière minérale est l'aérosol le plus abondant injecté dans l'atmosphère. Les surfaces de poussière peuvent être le siège de phénomènes d‘adsorption et de transformation hétérogène de gaz traces et peuvent affecter la teneur en espèces clés atmosphériques. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de ce travail était l'étude expérimentale de la réactivité de particules minérales avec des gaz traces atmosphériques. L'interaction de réactifs gazeux (NO2, HONO, H2O2, OH, HO2) avec des oxydes minéraux (TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Arizona Test Dust) a été étudiée à l'aide d'un photoréacteur mis en place dans le cadre de la thèse pour des études de processus hétérogènes photochimiques. Le photoréacteur consiste en un tube à écoulement (irradié par 6 lampes UV) à basse pression (quelques Torr), couplé à l‘analyse des espèces par un spectromètre de masse quadripolaire à ionisation par impact électronique. Les coefficients de capture (ou probabilité de perte d'une espèce gazeuse par collision avec la surface réactive) ainsi que les produits de réactions hétérogènes ont été déterminés en fonction de différents paramètres tels que la masse du film minéral, la concentration initiale du réactif gazeux, la température, l‘humidité relative, la concentration d'oxygène et l'intensité d'irradiation UV. Les mécanismes des processus hétérogènes étudiés et leurs implications atmosphériques ont été discutés. En particulier, les données obtenues indiquent que la contribution de l'aérosol à la perte totale de HONO dans la couche limite planétaire est négligeable. A l‘inverse, l'interaction de H2O2 et des radicaux HO2 avec des aérosols minéraux peut être un puits non négligeable d'espèces HOx (OH, HO2) dans la troposphère avec un effet sur le pouvoir oxydant de la troposphèreMineral dust is the most abundant aerosol injected into the atmosphere. The dust surfaces provide the seedbed for adsorption and heterogeneous transformation of trace gas molecules and can affect the content of key atmospheric species. In this context, the goal of the present work was the experimental investigation of the reactivity of mineral dust particles toward trace atmospheric gases. The interaction of gaseous reactants (NO2, HONO, H2O2, OH, HO2) with mineral oxides (TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Arizona Test Dust) was studied using a photoreactor developed during this work for studies of heterogeneous photochemical processes. The photoreactor comprises a low pressure (several Torr) flow reactor (irradiated with 6 UV lamps) combined with an electron impact ionization quadrupole mass spectrometer for analysis of gas phase species. The uptake coefficients (determined as the probability of gas species loss per collision with reactive surface) as well as the products of heterogeneous reactions were determined as a function of different parameters such as the mass of mineral film, initial concentration of the gaseous reactant, temperature, relative humidity, concentration of oxygen and UV irradiation intensity. The mechanisms of the heterogeneous processes studied and their atmospheric implications are discussed. In particular, the data obtained in the present work indicate that the contribution of the aerosol to the total loss of HONO in the planetary boundary layer is negligible. Instead, the interaction of H2O2 and of HO2 radicals with mineral aerosols may be an important sink for HOX (OH, HO2) species in the troposphere with an effect on the oxidative capacity of the troposphere
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Jingzhi, Guo, and n/a. "Integrating Ad Hoc Electronic Product Catalogues Through Collaborative Maintenance of Semantic Consistency." Griffith University. School of Computing and Information Technology, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050824.125257.
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Existing electronic markets are fragmented in the sense that each is an information island. The interoperation of product information between them is difficult especially in semantics communication. This prevents the formation of global electronic markets and the lowering distribution cost through market globalisation. The traditional and contemporary ap-proaches of product standardisation and ontology mediation could solve the problem only if all markets could adopt the same product standards, or mediation systems could mediate all heterogeneous standards and markets without semantic conflicts. However, problems generally exist in adopting a universal standard or mediating all markets through existing mediation systems. A reflection of the issue is that there are millions of ad hoc electronic product catalogues (EPCs) situated in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), where each EPC is a semantic community, often not aware of standards and mediation systems due to its ad hoc nature. This thesis focuses on the semantic integration of autonomous ad hoc EPCs, which are semantically inconsistent with each other. Firstly, a novel Collaborative Concept Exchange (CONEX) approach is developed for the se-mantic integration of ad hoc EPCs. Using this approach, a PRODUCT MAP is first built based on the theories of semiotic analysis and market segmentation. It functions as an analytical framework to articulate ad hoc EPCs, and answers the questions: what are the general char-acteristics of ad hoc EPCs, what are their heterogeneous relations, and how they are unevenly distributed in fragmented electronic markets. Within this framework, an abstract representa-tion of ad hoc EPCs is proposed using the articulated elements that are simple and manipu-lable. Major contributions of this framework include: the models of the abstract representa-tion of ad hoc EPCs on their structures, concepts and contexts; the semantic integration conditions of heterogeneous ad hoc EPCs; and a ConexNet of market network topology that captures the characteristics of ad hoc EPCs that are unevenly distributed in fragmented elec-tronic markets. Secondly, a three-layer CONEX information model is proposed to integrate ad hoc EPCs based on the PRODUCT MAP, which provides a trichotomy of systems, designers and users. The strategy behind the model is the separation of structure from concept and context, and hence they can be independently managed to resolve semantic conflicts between ad hoc EPCs. The major contributions of this model include the CONEX framework, collaboration mechanism and context transformation. The CONEX framework presents a formal characteri-sation and reconstruction of the structures of ad hoc EPCs based on a CONEX structure model and a CONEX grammar. It provides a formal specification for representing ad hoc EPCs including concept structure, classifier structure and mapping structure. The semantic conflicts in designing the concepts of ad hoc EPCs are resolved by a collaboration mecha-nism based on a semantic consistency model. The collaboration mechanism includes three key procedures: replicating unique concept identifiers and translating concept definitions be-tween common concepts of common EPCs; localising common concepts to local EPCs; and globalising local concepts to common EPCs. Users in the CONEX information model are not involved in any integration activities. They are provided with automatic and accurate concept exchange services through a mechanism of context transformation, which is designed based on an algorithm called Heterogeneous Concept Transformation. The separate integration of structures, concepts and contexts of ad hoc EPCs guarantees that the requirements of flexi-bility, evolvability and exactness of semantic integration have been met. Thirdly, the feasibility and features of the Collaborative Concept Exchange approach have been demonstrated in a prototype implementation that provides the services of collaborative concept design for semantic conflict resolution, and heterogeneous concept transformation for accurate and automatic concept exchange between ad hoc EPCs. A key contribution in the implementation level is the independent representation of the CONEX framework called XML PRODUCT MAP (XPM). XPM provides a feature of platform independence by con-forming to the standards of W3C XML, Simple Object Access Protocol and Web Services Description Language in both document specification and document transport. It is also a demonstration that the generic CONEX structure model and CONEX grammar can be imple-mented in any specific language such as XML for the particular scenarios of semantic integra-tion. With the aid of a collection of XPM document templates, two components called Con-cept Collaborator and Concept Transformer of the CONEX prototype are implemented to demonstrate how concepts are collaboratively designed to resolve semantic conflicts and how concepts are automatically and accurately exchanged between autonomous, heterogeneous and distributed ad hoc EPCs.
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Barber, Catherine. "FTIR Studies of the Products and Branching Ratios of RO2+HO2 Reactions of Atmospheric Importance." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533762.
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Mazeas, Olivier. "Evaluation de l'exposition des organismes aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) dans le milieu marin par le dosage des métabolites de HAP." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12945.
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Afin d'étudier la santé d'un écosystème marin et le potentiel toxique d'une contamination telle que celle liée à la présence d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP), il est nécessaire, outre de connaître les niveaux de contamination du milieu, de pouvoir accéder à la fraction à laquelle les organismes aquatiques ont été exposés et de connaître les effets toxiques des contaminants incriminés (effets toxiques qui peuvent être reliés aux phénomènes de biotransformation des contaminants). L'exposition et la contamination des organismes aquatiques aux HAP ont généralement été évaluées par le dosage des HAP bioaccumulés dans les tissus. Or, cette approche est critiquable si l'on tient compte des capacités de biotransformation des organismes, notamment des vertébrés, et des propriétés toxiques des produits de transformation formés. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de cette thèse est d'évaluer le potentiel des métabolites de HAP dans le but d'étudier l'exposition et la contamination des organismes aux HAP dans l'environnement marin. Une méthode de dosage des métabolites de HAP dans les matrices biologiques a tout d'abord été mise au point. Ensuite, cet outil analytique a été appliqué lors d'expositions de poissons à des HAP individuels et à différents produits pétroliers en milieu contrôlé qui ont permis de mieux appréhender les phénomènes de biotransformation des HAP. Enfin, des études de terrain ont été réalisées, notamment dans le cadre du suivi de la marée noire Erika et de l'étude de la contamination de la baie de Seine, montrant l'applicabilité du dosage des métabolites de HAP afin d'évaluer l'exposition et la contamination des organismes aux HAP en milieu naturel dans des contextes de pollution de nature différenteIn order to study the health of a marine ecosystem and the toxic potential of a contamination such as the one related to the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), it is necessary, in addition to the determination of environmental contamination levels, to have access to the fraction aquatic organisms have been exposed to and to identify the toxic effects of the contaminants (toxic effects which can be related to biotransformation phenomena of contaminants). The exposure and contamination of aquatic organisms to PAHs have generally been evaluated by the quantification of bioaccumulated PAHs in tissues. However, this approach is open to criticism when taking into account the biotransformation capabilities of organisms such as vertebrates and the toxic properties of biotransformation products. In this way, the aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of PAH metabolites in order to study the exposure and contamination of organisms to PAHs in the marine environment. An analytical technique to quantify PAH metabolites in biological matrices has first been set up. Then, this analytical tool has been applied to the study of fish exposures to individual PAHs and to different petroleum products in controlled conditions which has allowed to get a better understanding of PAH biotransformation phenomena. Finally, field studies have been led, notably to study the Erika oil spill and the contamination of the Seine bay, demonstrating the applicability of the quantification of PAH metabolites to evaluate the exposure and the contamination of organisms to PAHs in natural environment and for pollution events of different nature
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Šabatka, Matěj. "Investování v ČR ve vztahu k HDP." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192781.
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The aim of this thesis is to explore investment opportunities of the Czech population, the ability of businesses to obtain needed capital for their investment plans and possibilities to obtain these funds from individuals through securities. The main part of this work is to evaluate the dependence between the securities markets and the growth of gross domestic product between 2006 - 2012. For the research, graphical and correlation analysis were used. Due to detected dependencies between gross domestic product and the bond market, issuance of bonds with a five-month delay of the positive fluctuation of gross domestic product was recommended. The final section is concentrates on prediction of the future development of the bond market, which proved to be unpredictable.
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Klimentová, Veronika. "Nezaměstnanost a HDP - analýza vzájemných vztahů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193368.
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The present thesis describes the relation of the gross domestic product and the unemployment rate by educational attainment. The analysis of relation between time series refers to data for the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter deals with the definition of the gross domestic product, the calculation method, the detection and the measurement. The following chapter is focused on the issue of unemployment. Both the chapters are supplemented by historical development of indicators in the Czech Republic. The last theoretical part presents the statistical methods used in the time series analysis. The fourth chapter provides the actual analysis of relations between the gross domestic product and the unemployment rate by educational attainment. The analysis is based on data for the period 1996--2014, which are quarterly seasonally unadjusted data.
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Houldsworth, Austin. "For money's sake : introducing Redefinition Design - a method to break out of the ubiquitous monetary paradigm, in the hope of finding genuine alternatives." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2018. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/3537/.
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Redefinition design is a special case of speculative and critical design; it is intended to be used by designers in facing otherwise recalcitrant or refractory design situations. One subject that generates more refractory design situations than most is money. Thus, money will be the vehicle used to derive, articulate and apply the redefinition design methods. The future of money is heavily informed by ideas from its past. In this regard, the services and systems based around money, including industries focused on design, often embody a conservative culture that perpetuates old paradigms onto new technology. In this dissertation, I propose two research questions: RQ1: Paradigm Paralysis – what characterises the underlying assumptions that heavily inform the design and development of money? In the context of investigating the new methods associated with Redefinition Design, we firstly begin to examine and interrogate underlying and often tacit assumptions, taking the specific case of money. Though this question I elucidate the fundamental principles of money, which lie at the core of the longstanding mainstream monetary paradigm. The totality of money is broken down into four main constituents: monetary artefacts, currency systems, monetary mentifacts and finally the functional axioms of money. Revealing these core principles, and analysing them within specific cultural contexts, will inform the methods used in the development of the practical work. RQ2: Paradigm Breakout – What characterises a methodology that can facilitate designers to step beyond the underlying assumptions informing the development of money? This research has yielded strategies that allow the radical re-conception and design of currency systems and monetary artefacts, through the application of a redefinition design approach. The Redefinition Design methods developed in this research enable the designer to identify suitable alternative cultural contexts, such as historic or literary contexts. The methods prompt us to deconstruct these contexts, then reconstruct them with a design proposal that resonates with all cultural levels of the given context. Hence, in the case of entrenched social technologies like money, the resulting Redefinition Design proposals are harmonious with the alternative culture, but incongruous in the context of contemporary culture. These methods do not instigate a paradigm shift but rather a paradigm breakout.
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Khamphouvieng, Phouisombath Anuchat Poungsomlee. "Utilization of non-timber forest products in community forest area : a case study in Houay Hok village, Kasy district, Bientiane province, LAO PDR /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd398/4838012.pdf.
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de, Freitas Batista Vando. "An approach to implement core assets in service-oriented product lines." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2386.
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Previous issue date: 2008Com o avanço da maturidade das redes de comunicação sem fio e da popularidade e diversidade dos dispositivos de computação portátil, estamos chegando a um estágio onde podemos ter comunicação em qualquer lugar e a qualquer momento de uma forma mais transparente. As redes móveis ad hoc (MANETs - Mobile Ad Hoc Networks) surgem como uma infra-estrutura de comunicação essencial para dar suporte às aplicações onde é possível ter interação espontânea e o acesso/compartilhamento de informação entre os hosts móveis sem uma configuração prévia. Adicionalmente, a natureza de distribuição dinâmica e móvel das aplicações para MANETs e as características presentes nesse tipo de rede requerem a necessidade do uso de middleware específico para dar suporte ao desenvolvimento dessas aplicações. No entanto, soluções tradicionais de middleware para rede fixa não se aplicam a este cenário devido à mobilidade dinâmica dos hosts e às restrições de conectividade. Assim, tanto os desenvolvedores de middleware quanto os desenvolvedores de aplicações têm que tratar os desafios trazidos pelas características das MANETs. Além disso, as soluções propostas por trabalhos relacionados na área não contemplam todos os problemas trazidos por este ambiente. Objetivando a melhoria do desenvolvimento de sistemas distribuídos para este cenário através do reuso de software, este trabalho busca generalizar os inúmeros esforços na direção de desenvolvimento de middleware para suportar aplicações sobre MANETs. Desta forma, esta dissertação apresenta um framework de sistemas de middleware, Spontaneousware, e conseqüentemente o Sw-Bluj, um middleware para a plataforma Java Micro Edition (CLDC/MIDP) e rede Bluetooth. Por fim, foi realizado um estudo experimental formal com o propósito de evidenciar o real impacto e a contribuição do Spontaneousware, bem como do Sw-Bluj, no processo de desenvolvimento de sistemas móveis para redes ad hoc
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Hoffmann, Ralf. "Product systems from a bicategorial point of view and duality theory for Hopf C*-algebras." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971964416.
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Goel, Sneha. "Post-treatment of Alloy 718 produced by electron beam melting." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för avverkande och additativa tillverkningsprocesser (AAT), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-13547.
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Electron beam melting (EBM), a metal additive manufacturing (AM) process, has received considerable industrial attention for near net shape manufacture of complex geometries with traditionally difficult-to-machine materials. This has fuelled considerable academic interest in investigating EBM of Alloy 718, a nickel ironbased superalloy possessing an exciting combination of good mechanical behaviour and cost effectiveness. EBM production of Alloy 718 is particularly promising for aerospace and other sectors which value rapid production of components with large scope for design flexibility. The EBM builds are characterized by presence of inevitable defects and, anisotropy within a build is also a concern. Consequently, as-built Alloy 718 has to be subjected to post-build thermal-treatments (post-treatments) to ensure that the parts eventually meet the critical service requirements. Not withstanding the above, limited knowledge is available about optimal post-treatments for EBM-built Alloy 718. Therefore, the main focus of the work presented in this thesis was to systematically investigate the response of EBM-built material to post-treatments, which include hotisostatic pressing (HIPing), solution treatment (ST), and aging. HIPing of EBM-built Alloy 718 led to more than an order of magnitude reduction in defect content, which was reduced from as high as 17% to < 0.2% in samples built with intentionally introduced porosity to investigate limits of defect closure achievable through HIPing. In addition, HIPing also caused complete dissolution of δ and γ" phases present in the as-built condition, with the latter causing dropin hardness of the material. HIPing had no effect on the carbides and inclusions such as TiN, Al2O3 present in the built material. The evolution of microstructure during ST and aging was systematically investigated. Growth of potentially beneficial grain boundary δ phase precipitates was found to cease after a certain duration of ST, with samples subjected to prior-HIPing exhibiting lesser precipitation of the δ phase during ST. While the specimen hardness increased onaging, it was observed to plateau after a duration significantly shorted than the specified ASTM 'standard' aging cycle. Therefore, prima facie there are promising prospects for shortening the overall heat treatment duration. A combination of HIPing, ST, and aging treatments in a single uninterrupted cycle was also explored. Future work involving incorporation of a shortened heat treatment schedule in a combined cycle can have significant industrial implications.Articles submitted to journals and unpublished manuscripts are not included in this registration
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Bieliková, Nikol. "Průměrná mzda a HDP - vzájemné vztahy a vazby." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-198019.
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The thesis describes interactions and relationships between selected economic indicators. These indicators are the gross domestic product and the average gross monthly wage. The analysis of these selected indicators, are made for the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The work has four main parts, which are divided into several other sections. The first defines the concept of national accounting, the second part contents gross domestic product, the method of its calculating and the frequency of compilation. In the third section is described the field theory of wages and salaries and the concepts such as minimum wage, the average gross monthly wage and median wage and salary are defined. In this two chapters are compared selected countries on the basis of the tables and graphs of selected indicators. The last chapter analyzes the relationships between selected economic indicators in selected countries based on quarterly data from the years 2001-2013.
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Robinson, Kenneth Patrick. "Cooperation using a robotic ad hoc network made from Bluetooth, JXTA, OSGi and other commercial off the shelf (COTS) products." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/26038/.
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Abstract - Mobile devices in the near future will need to collaborate to fulfill their function. Collaboration will be done by communication. We use a real world example of robotic soccer to come up with the necessary structures required for robotic communication. A review of related work is done and it is found no examples come close to providing a RANET. The robotic ad hoc network (RANET) we suggest uses existing structures pulled from the areas of wireless networks, peer to peer and software life-cycle management. Gaps are found in the existing structures so we describe how to extend some structures to satisfy the design. The RANET design supports robot cooperation by exchanging messages, discovering needed skills that other robots on the network may possess and the transfer of these skills. The network is built on top of a Bluetooth wireless network and uses JXTA to communicate and transfer skills. OSGi bundles form the skills that can be transferred. To test the nal design a reference implementation is done. Deficiencies in some third party software is found, specifically JXTA and JamVM and GNU Classpath. Lastly we look at how to fix the deciencies by porting the JXTA C implementation to the target robotic platform and potentially eliminating the TCP/IP layer, using UDP instead of TCP or using an adaptive TCP/IP stack. We also propose a future areas of investigation; how to seed the configuration for the Personal area network (PAN) Bluetooth protocol extension so a Bluetooth TCP/IP link is more quickly formed and using the STP to allow multi-hop messaging and transfer of skills.
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Fung, Ying-Kit (Richard). "An intelligent hybrid model for customer requirements interpretation and product design targets determination." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7419.
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The transition of emphasis in business competition from a technology-led age to a market-oriented era has led to a rapid shift from the conventional "economy of scale" towards the "economy of scope" in contemporary manufacturing. Hence, it is necessary and essential to be able to respond to the dynamic market and customer requirements systematically and consistently. The central theme of this research is to rationalise and improve the conventional means of analysing and interpreting the linguistic and often imprecise customer requirements in order to identify the essential product features and determine their appropriate design targets dynamically and quantitatively through a series of well proven methodologies and techniques. The major objectives of this research are: a) To put forward a hybrid approach for decoding and processing the Voice of Customer (VoC) in order to interpret the specific customer requirements and market demands into definitive product design features, and b) To quantify the essential product design features with the appropriate technical target values for facilitating the downstream planning and control activities in delivering the products or services. These objectives would be accomplished through activities as follows: • Investigating and understanding the fundamental nature and variability of customer attributes (requirements); • Surveying and evaluating the contemporary approaches in handling customer attributes; • Proposing an original and generic hybrid model for categorising, prioritising and interpreting specific customer attributes into the relevant product attributes with tangible target values; • Developing a software system to facilitate the implementation of the proposed model; • Demonstrating the functions of the hybrid model through a practical case study. This research programme begins with a thorough overview of the roles, the changing emphasis and the dynamic characteristics of the contemporary customer demand with a view to gaining a better understanding on the fundamental nature and variability of customer attributes. It is followed by a review of a number of well proven tools and techniques including QFD, HoQ, Affinity Diagram and AHP etc. on their applicability and effectiveness in organising, analysing and responding to dynamic customer requirements. Finally, an intelligent hybrid model amalgamating a variety of these techniques and a fuzzy inference sub-system is proposed to handle the diverse, ever-changing and often imprecise VoC. The proposed hybrid model is subsequently demonstrated in a practical case study.
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Culp, Laura. "An Isomorphism Theorem for Graphs." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1952.
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In the 1970’s, L. Lovász proved that two graphs G and H are isomorphic if and only if for every graph X , the number of homomorphisms from X → G equals the number of homomorphisms from X → H . He used this result to deduce cancellation properties of the direct product of graphs. We develop a result analogous to Lovász’s theorem, but in the class of graphs without loops and with weak homomorphisms. We apply it prove a general cancellation property for the strong product of graphs.
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Tammert, Felix. "Hip-Seat för bärsele : Hopfällbart koncept av höftkudde för Najell AB." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80417.
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Att vara en förälder är en givande och fantastisk resa, men som många resor är den inte utan sina svårigheter. Som tur är lever vi i en tid där man kan hitta hjälp överallt i många olika former för att kunna ta sig an de svårigheter som dyker upp. En bärsele är ett fantastiskt hjälpmedel för föräldrar på språng och det finns så många att välja från, frågan är då vilken bärsele är rätt för vem. Företaget Najell AB är på gång med att släppa en ny bärsele på den svenska marknaden och med deras nya release så letar de efter innovation.Detta examensarbete är skapat över 10 veckors tid av en student som det avslutande momentet på högskoleingenjörsutbildningen Teknisk Design på Luleås Tekniska Universitet. Arbetet är ett samarbete med Najell AB, ett svenskt företag baserat i Lund där de utvecklar och säljer babyprodukter. I nuläget är Najells största marknad i Asien men de är intresserade av att expandera till den svenska marknaden med en ny release av en bärsele och konkurrera med större och etablerade företag som BaBybjörn och Ergobaby.Målet med projektet har vart att utveckla en höftkudde till bärselen som kommer att vara stöd för barnet när det når 6 månader (till 3 års ålder). Höftkudden är en grundläggande del av bärselen då den fördelar vikten av barnet och på så sätt inte lägger för mycket belastning på förälderns axlar. I nuläget använder Najells bärsele sig av en formpressad kudde av polystyren. Detta gör bärselen otymplig när den ej används då den ej går att komprimera. Kudden har även den oväntade effekten att kunder har misstagit den för packmaterial och slängt den, vilket gör att Najell ersätter denna på egen bekostnad.Projektet följde en människocentrerad designprocess vilket involverade användaren och Najell i workshops, intervjuer och produktutvecklingsmetoder som braindrawing. Detta för att kunna besvara frågan;Kan produkten utformas så att den möter behoven och förväntningarna av användaren och möter kraven från Najell?Slutkonceptet blev en hopfällbar höftkudde som fästs och lossas från sätespositionen. På grund av att den är gjord av ett mjukt material som pressad filt gör det till en helt mjuk produkt som kan ge stöd för tyngd. Materialet är lätt vilket betyder att det inte påverkar ergonomin på bärselen samt fördelar trycket mot bäraren bättre. Dessutom är materialet återvinningsbart vilket gör det till en mer hållbar lösning långsiktigtBeing a parent is a rewarding and fantastical journey, but as with any journey it is not without its hardship. Luckily we live in a day and age where you can find aid everywhere in many different shapes and sizes for all types of obstacles you face. A baby carrier is a wonderful tool for the parent on the go and there are so many to choose from, then the question is which one is the right one for you. A company called Najell AB is looking to release a new baby carrier to the Swedish market and with this new release they are looking for innovation. This thesis work is developed over the course of 10 weeks by one student as the final stage of the bachelor’s degree in Industrial Engineering Design at Luleå University of Technology. The project is a collaboration with Najell AB, a Swedish company based in Lund where they develop and sell baby products. Currently Najells biggest market is in Asia but is looking to expand into the Swedish market with a new launch of a baby carrier, competing against large established brands such as BabyBjörn and Ergobaby. The goal of the project has been to develop a hip-seat which will support the baby when it reaches 6 months of age (to the age of 3). The hip-seat is an essential part of the baby carrier as it distributes the weight of the child and as such does not put unnecessary strain on the parent’s shoulders. Currently the Najell baby carrier uses a form-pressed pillow made from polystyrene which makes the baby carrier bulky when not in use because of its size. It has also the unwanted effect of being mistaken for packing material and has been thrown out by some customers, leaving Najell to compensate the customers on their own expense. The project followed a human-centered design process which involved the user and Najell in workshops, interviews and product ideation methods such as braindrawing. This in order to find the answer to the question;Can the product be made to fit the needs and desires of the user and meet the demands of Najell? The final concept is a foldable hip-seat which is attached and detached from the seating position on the belt around the wait of the user. Because of it being made from a soft material, pressed felt, makes it a completely soft solution which can support a fair amount of weight. The material is light weight which does not compromise the current ergonomics of the carrier and distributes the weight of the baby better on to the parent. As the material is recyclable makes it a more sustainable solution long term.
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Pinto, Guilherme Vituri Fernandes [UNESP]. "Sobre os grupos de Gottlieb." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/137924.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar grande parte do artigo [6], no qual Gottlieb define o subgrupo G(X, x_0) de pi_1(X, x_0) (em que X é um CW-complexo conexo por caminhos), posteriormente chamado de grupo de Gottlieb; o calculamos para diversos espaços, como as esferas, o toro, os espaços projetivos, a garrafa de Klein, etc.; posteriormente, estudamos o artigo [22] de Varadarajan, que generalizou o grupo de Gottlieb para um subconjunto G(A, X) de [A, X]_∗ . Por fim, calculamos G(S^n, S^n).
The goal of this work is to study partially the article [6], in which Gottlieb has defined a subgroup G(X, x_0) of pi_1(X, x_0) (where X is a path-connected CW-complex based at x_0), called "Gottlieb group" in the literature. This group is computed in this work for some spaces, namely the spheres, the torus, the projective spaces, and the Klein bottle. Further, a paper by Varadarajan [22] who has generalized Gottlieb group to a subset G(A, X) of [A, X]_* is studied. Finally, the groups G(S^n, S^n) is computed.
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Gustafsson, Erik. "Broiler producers´ perspectives on bacterial resilience; evaluating a potential of hops." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388656.
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An interview study was undertaken to explore Swedish broiler producers´ views for the potential of hops (H. lupulus L.) to reduce reliance on ionophorous coccidiostats in broiler production. The design was a mixed methodology between grounded theory and case study with a semi structured interview method. Nine producers, four using ionophorous coccidiostats and five without reliance in production accepted interview. During interviews participants were presented to research conducted with hops in production and consequences from ionophores in production. All participants thought the risk from pathogen pressure was too great to cut reliance in intensive production owed to the lower efficacy of hops. Therefore owed to how actors in the Swedish food system behave only small producers with enough economical freedom for reduced stocking densities were regarded to be able to uphold animal health with hops. Six parameters within food systems were regarded as leverage points for a potential of hops in production on a larger societal scale if encouraging a more extensive nationwide production system. Those were: purchase will, small local production, increased responsibility within trade, law, elevated consumers and research. Law was seen as a necessity to enforce all other denominators since economical in food systems tend to override social and ecological dimensions. Consequences from power struggle in food systems disfavoring producers has although resulted in a great distrust towards other system actors such as consumers, legal institutions or wholesalers. That has created a reluctance to interact with other system actors even for common goals. A stronger position to other actors in food systems was regarded as increasing a meaningful outcome from interaction. Four parameters emerged as impacting power relations in a system the most: Purchase will, contracts, own designed production and law. Favorable purchase will and law would contribute the most for increasing adaptivity for alternatives in production by impacting on power relations. No producers had observed indicators of bacterial resistance from ionophorous coccidiostat usage. Lack of research for many years in the field was troublesome for how to develop the enterprise according to participants. Especially in relation to Norway that has abolished the static use of ionophorous coccidiostats in production. About half of the participants although regarded a shift in research towards consequences from intensive production as equally important as focusing on alternative antimicrobials.
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Guo, Yi 1977. "Quebec hog producers' willingness to accept carbon credit revenue for adopting management practices that reduce greenhouse gas emissions." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112628.
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Canada's commitment to the Kyoto Protocol provides agricultural producers with an opportunity to supply carbon offset credits to a domestic carbon market and receive revenue from the sale of these credits. This study employed the multiple bounded discrete choice method to estimate Quebec hog producers' willingness to accept compensation to adopt two management practices that reduce carbon emissions; i.e. reduced protein feeding and adopting a manure storage cover. The average willingness to accept compensation for reduced protein feeding was $46.71 per tonne of CO2 equivalent and for the manure storage cover was $40.40 per tonne of CO2 equivalent. In addition, hog producers were asked what cost they would be willing to bear if they received $20 per animal unit in carbon offset credit revenue. The average cost they were willing to bear was $11.88. Key factors that influenced producers' decisions were identified. Results can be used to improve the institutional rules and public policy associated with developing a domestic carbon emission trading mechanism. Starting-point and sequencing bias were tested for with the convolution approach. Starting-point bias was found in all the hypothetical situations; while sequencing bias was not found.
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Belhaj, Mohamed Mohamed. "Renormalisation dans les algèbres de HOPF graduées connexes." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22515/document.
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Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à la renormalisation de Connes et Kreimer dans le contexe des algèbres de Hopf de graphes de Feynman spécifiés. Nous construisons une structure d'algèbre de Hopf $\mathcal{H}_\mathcal{T}$ sur l'espace des graphes de Feynman spécifié d'une théorie quantique des champs $\mathcal{T}$. Nous définissons encore un dédoublement $\wt\mathcal{D}_\mathcal{T}$ de la bigèbre de graphes de Feynman spécifiés, un produit de convolution \divideontimes et un groupe de caractères de cette algèbre de Hopf à valeurs dans une algèbre commutative qui prend en compte la dépendance en les moments extérieurs. Nous mettons en place alors la renormalisation décrite par A. Connes et D. Kreimer et la décomposition de Birkhoff pour deux schémas de renormalisation : le schéma minimal de renormalisation et le schéma de développement de Taylor. Nous rappelons la définition des intégrales de Feynman associées à un graphe. Nous montrons que ces intégrales sont holomorphes en une variable complexe D dans le cas des fonctions de Schwartz, et qu'elles s'étendent en une fonction méromorphe dans le cas des fonctions de types Feynman. Nous pouvons alors déterminer les parties finies de ces intégrales en utilisant l'algorithme BPHZ après avoir appliqué la procédure de régularisation dimensionnelleIn this thesis, we study the renormalization of Connes-Kreimer in the contex of specified Feynman graphs Hopf algebra. We construct a Hopf algebra structure $\mathcal{H}_\mathcal{T}$ on the space of specified Feynman graphs of a quantum field theory $\mathcal{T}$. We define also a doubling procedure for the bialgebra of specified Feynman graphs, a convolution product and a group of characters of this Hopf algebra with values in some suitable commutative algebra taking momenta into account. We then implement the renormalization described by A. Connes and D. Kreimer and the Birkhoff decomposition for two renormalization schemes: the minimal subtraction scheme and the Taylor expansion scheme.We recall the definition of Feynman integrals associated with a graph. We prove that these integrals are holomorphic in a complex variable D in the case oh Schwartz functions, and that they extend in a meromorphic functions in the case of a Feynman type functions. Finally, we determine the finite parts of Feynman integrals using the BPHZ algorithm after dimensional regularization procedure
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Perraudin, Emilie. "Réactivité des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) adsorbés sur des particules modèles d'intérêt atmosphérique : mesures cinétiques, développements analytiques et analyse des produits d'oxydation." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12919.
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Ce travail a eu pour objectif l'étude de la réactivité des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) adsorbés sur des particules solides, vis à vis d'oxydants atmosphériques. Le devenir des HAP particulaires dans l'atmosphère étant encore mal documenté, cette étude présente un intérêt à la fois du point de vue de la chimie atmosphérique et du point de vue de l'impact sanitaire des HAP et de leurs dérivés. L'utilisation des techniques d'extraction assistée par micro-ondes focalisées et par fluide pressurisé a permis d'optimiser le dosage des HAP fortement liés aux matrices solides carbonées. Au cours de ce travail, les constantes de vitesse ont été mesurées pour les réactions de 13 HAP adsorbés sur différents types de particules modèles (graphite et silice), avec deux oxydants atmosphériques : le dioxyde d'azote et l'ozone. L'influence de différents paramètres (nature de l'oxydant, composition chimique et propriétés granulométriques des particules, structure du HAP). Finalement, l'identification et le suivi de la formation des produits majoritaires de réaction du phénanthrène et de l'anthracène particulaires avec l'ozone ont été réalisés.
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Isacson, Max. "Studies of a neutral Higgs boson produced in gluon-gluon fusion and vector boson fusion." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Högenergifysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-239238.
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This paper presents an outline of the generation of mass for the massive Standard Model particles (fermions, $W^\pm$, $Z^0$) through electroweak symmetry breaking via the Higgs mechanism, and how the Higgs boson emerges from this framework. A Monte Carlo study was done on the decay $H\rightarrow\tau\tau$, with one leptonically and one hadronically decaying tau, with two different production channels for the $H$, gluon-gluon fusion (gg) and vector boson fusion (VBF), at $\sqrt s = 7\tev$ with a Higgs mass $m_H = 120\gev$. The kinematics of these two production channels were compared and it was found that the transverse momentum of muons produced in VBF were higher on average than those produced in gg. This differance was greater in muons originating from the leptonically decaying tau in the Higgs decay, than those produced by other processes in the underlying event. In the latter, however, the difference was still noticable. Jets were slightly more abundant in VBF than in gg, and were in VBF more distributed along the beam axis. The separation in pseudorapidity between the two jets with highest transverse momentum was found to be greater in VBF than in gg. An attempt to reconstruct the Higgs mass using Monte Carlo data run through a simulation of the ATLAS detector was done. The estimator used was the transverse mass of the system consisting of the visible part of the hadronically decaying tau, the lepton from the leptonically decaying tau and the total missing transvese energy. In gg the mean of the transvese mass distribution was found to be $89.26\gev$ with a root mean square uncertainty (RMS) of $23.86\gev$. In VBF the mean was found to be $85.57\gev$ with RMS $27.08\gev$.
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Paleo, Oswaldo Silva. "Gestão de relacionamento dos clientes com foco no mercado B2B através da metodologia de segmentação post hoc focometria." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/118858.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo central a proposição de ferramentas de gestão do relacionamento com os clientes, tendo como base analítica a utilização da segmentação dos clientes com foco no mercado industrial ou B2B. Para tanto, a metodologia de segmentação pós-fato proposta pelo autor, denominada de Focometria, terá como base de dados o comportamento histórico de compras dos clientes mensurado pelos descritores: valor, recência e frequência. O valor mede a margem de contribuição gerada por cada cliente; a recência mede o tempo transcorrido entre a data de corte estabelecida e a última operação comercial; e a frequência mede o número de operações comerciais realizadas no período de análise. A metodologia propõe a realização de dois estágios classificatórios da carteira de clientes, onde o primeiro estágio definirá os grupos de clientes e o segundo estágio os categorizará a partir de um ranking proposto. Para isso, o trabalho será estruturado em quatro artigos principais, os quais fazem uso das ferramentas propostas, com o objetivo de melhorar e qualificar a tomada de decisão na gestão do relacionamento dos clientes das organizações. Complementando, a Tese faz referência a um quinto artigo que reforça a aplicação da metodologia de segmentação Focometria na gestão orçamentária de vendas das empresas. Com base nos artigos apresentados conclui-se que a metodologia de segmentação de dois estágios a Focometria, é uma ferramenta eficiente para qualificar e focar a gestão comercial da carteira de clientes das empresas.The present work has as main objective the proposition of relationship management tools with customers, based on the use of analytical customer segmentation with focus on industrial or B2B market. To this end, the methodology proposed by the author pos-fact segmentation, called Focometria, will be based on the data of customer purchase history behavior measured by key words: value, recency and frequency. The value measures the contribution margin generated by each client; the recency measures the elapsed time between the date of court established and the last commercial operation; and frequency measures the number of commercial operations performed during the analysis period. The methodology proposes two qualifying stages of customer, where the first stage will define the customer groups and the second stage will categorize them from a proposed ranking. For that, the work will be structured in four main articles, which make use of the tools proposed, with the goal of improving and qualify the decision-making on customer relationship management of organizations. Complementing the thesis references a fifth article that reinforces the application of the methodology of segmenting Focometria on budget management of enterprises sales. On the basis of articles presented it is concluded that the two-stage segmentation methodology to Focometria, is an efficient tool to qualify and focus on the commercial management of customer businesses.
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Nyobe, Likeng Samuel Aristide. "Heisenberg Categorification and Wreath Deligne Category." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41167.
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We define a faithful linear monoidal functor from the partition category, and hence from Deligne's category Rep(S_t), to the additive Karoubi envelope of the Heisenberg category. We show that the induced map on Grothendieck rings is injective and corresponds to the Kronecker coproduct on symmetric functions.
We then generalize the above results to any group G, the case where G is the trivial group corresponding to the case mentioned above. Thus, to every group G we associate a linear monoidal category Par(G) that we call a group partition category. We give explicit bases for the morphism spaces and also an efficient presentation of the category in terms of generators and relations. We then define an embedding of Par(G) into the group Heisenberg category associated to G. This embedding intertwines the natural actions of both categories on modules for wreath products of G. Finally, we prove that the additive Karoubi envelope of Par(G) is equivalent to a wreath product interpolating category introduced by Knop, thereby giving a simple concrete description of that category.
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Brussol, Claire. "Etude de la photodegradation tropospherique de quelques hap en phases gazeuse et particulaire. Determination des taux de disparition, des produits de reaction et des mecanismes." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077038.
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Les processus de degradation des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (haps) dans l'atmosphere sont aujourd'hui encore tres mal connus. Cette these etudie la photodegradation diurne de trois haps (le naphtalene, le phenanthrene et le pyrene) en phases gazeuse et particulaire. A partir d'experiences realisees dans des chambres de simulation en presence d'especes nitrees, nous avons essaye de determiner les principales especes reactives, les produits et les mecanismes de reaction des haps dans la troposphere. Les experiences en phase gazeuse ont ete menees sous irradiation solaire en presence de nox, tandis que celles en phase particulaire l'ont ete sous lumiere artificielle en presence de h 2o, de no 2 et des haps adsorbes sur du gel de silice. Les resultats indiquent une predominance de la degradation du naphtalene et du phenanthrene avec le radical oh en phase gazeuse comme en phase adsorbee. Les processus de photolyse sont minoritaires. Plusieurs produits de reaction, parfois differents d'une phase a l'autre, ont ete identifies. Ainsi, bien que les composes oxygenes, tels que les carbonyles, constituent dans les deux phases les principaux produits formes, les produits nitres sont produits en plus grande quantite en phase adsorbee. Ce travail indique egalement une variation des produits de reaction suivant les concentrations de nox. Ces resultats ont ete obtenus dans des conditions experimentales precises, mettant necessairement en jeux des phenomenes moins complexes que dans les conditions atmospheriques reelles. En consequence, des experiences complementaires seront necessaires pour valider les resultats obtenus sur le comportement des haps. Toutefois, un des resultats fondamentaux mis en evidence dans cette these, a savoir le role important voire essentiel que pourrait jouer le radical oh sur la degradation des haps en phase gazeuse comme en phase particulaire, peut tres certainement etre transpose aux conditions atmospheriques reelles.
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Griffin, Karl W. "Fabrication and characterisation of a hoop-reinforced, continuous silicon carbide fibre, titanium matrix composite produced by filament winding and hot isostatic pressing." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0014/MQ32398.pdf.
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Santos, Ricardo Leite dos. "Teoremas de Maschke." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9981.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorIn representation theory, having a representation of a group G is equivalent to having a kG-module. Since |G-modules which are sums of irreducible kG-modules form a very important class in the theory of modules, to know conditions for a kG-module be irreducible or completely reducible from the particularities of the field k and the group G become a very important issue, whose solution was originally presented by the German mathematician Heinrich Maschke which proved that if the order of G is not a multiple of the characteristic of the field k, then kG is completely reducible (or semisimple). From there, issues unrelated to representation theory, but that concern the semisimplicity of cross products in general are treated as Maschke-type theorem. Our goal in this dissertation is to present some versions of this theorem, starting with classic versions involving cross products for actions of groups on algebras and then versions for Hopf algebras and smash products.
Na teoria de representações de grupos, ter uma representação de um grupo G é equivalente a ter um kG-módulo. Desde que kG-módulos que são somas de kG-módulos irredutíveis formam uma classe bastante importante na teoria de módulos, conhecer condições para que um kG-módulo seja irredutível ou completamente redutível a partir das particularidades do corpo k e do grupo G passou a ser um problema bastante importante. Problema este cuja solução foi originalmente apresentada pelo matemático alemão Heinrich Maschke que provou que se a ordem do grupo G não for múltiplo da característica do corpo k, então kG é completamente redutível (ou semissimples). A partir daí, questões independentes a teoria de representações, mas que dizem respeito a semissimplicidade de produtos cruzados em geral são tratados como Teorema tipo-Maschke. Nosso objetivo neste trabalho é apresentar algumas versões deste teorema. Iniciamos com versões mais clássicas envolvendo produtos cruzados globais e parciais para em seguida estudarmos versões em álgebras de Hopf e produtos smash.
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Novotná, Veronika. "Vývoj inkasa daně z příjmů právnických osob v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-360504.
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The main aim of thesis is to analyse the development of the collection of tax on corporate income in the Czech Republic between years 2006 and 2014. The partial aim of my work is to analyse the evolution of use of deductions and tax reliefs in the Czech Republic for the mentioned period. The theoretical part of my work will focus on the description of the corporate income tax, description of deduction, and description of deductions which Czech legislation allows. In Chapter 1.4 is description of tax relief. Practical part of my work contains an analysis how dependent tax revenues from corporate income tax rate, gross value added or gross domestic product. In Chapter 2.2 is tested if gross added value or gross domestic product affects the application of deductions, which are divided into different groups - in sum, type of legal form or NACE. In Chapter 2.3 is a similar analysis for tax relief.
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Delehouzé, Arnaud. "Ablation des matériaux carbonés : lien entre la nanotexturation et la réactivité." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14634/document.
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La problématique énoncée par l’utilisation de matériaux composites C/C denses implique la connaissance et la maîtrise des processus de dégradation auxquels ils sont soumis. L’utilisation de moyens de caractérisation in-situ de ces voies de dégradation constitue alors un atout considérable pour leur anticipation. Ainsi, l’utilisation de la MEBE en Température associée à une caractérisation cristallographique par MET et une confrontation ex-situ par Analyse thermogravimétrique a abouti à l’obtention de lois cinétiques caractérisant la propagation de l’oxydation dans toutes les directions de l’espace. A la suite de cette étape expérimentale, une approche numérique basée sur l’utilisation d’algorithmes de Monte-Carlo Cinétique, a alors été mise en place pour modéliser ces observations tant sur le plan atomique avec la modélisation de la loi cinétique d’oxydation linéique, que meso et macroscopique par la simulation de la loi cinétique de perte de masse dans le cas particulier du HOPGThe problem stated by the use of composites C / C dense implies knowledge and control of degradation processes to which they are subjected. The use of in-situ characterization of these means of degradation pathways then is a considerable asset for their advance. Thus, the use of ESEM in temperature associated with a crystallographic characterization by TEM and ex situ confrontation by thermogravimetric analysis resulted in obtaining kinetic laws characterizing the propagation of oxidation in all directions. Following this experimental stage, a numerical approach based on the use of algorithms Kinetic Monte-Carlo, was then introduced to model these observations both at the atomic level with the modeling of the oxidation kinetics law linear, as meso-and macro-simulation by the kinetic law of mass loss in the case of HOPG
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Liksonov, Dimitriy. "Experimental and numerical study of the manufacturing and behavior of femoral total hip replacement components produced by injection molding of a fiber composite and by powder technologies." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA2002.
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Ducatez, Raphaël. "Analyse mathématique de divers systèmes de particules en milieu désordonné." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED013/document.
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Cette thèse est consacrée à l’étude mathématique de divers systèmes de particules classiques et quantiques, en milieu désordonné. Elle comprend quatre travaux publiés ou soumis. Dans le premier nous fournissons une nouvelle formule permettant de prouver la localisation d’Anderson en une dimension d’espace et de caractériser la décroissance des fonctions propres à l’infini. Le second contient l’une des premières preuves de la localisation pour une infinité de particules en intéraction, dans l’approximation d’Hartree-Fock. Le troisième est dédié au modèle d’Anderson soumis à une perturbation périodique en temps. Sous certaines conditions sur la fréquence d’oscillation nous prouvons l’absence de diffusion. Dans le dernier travail nous montrons la décroissancedes corrélations pour le modèle du Jellium en une dimension dans un fond inhomogène, en utilisant la distance de Hilbert sur les cônes et le théorème de Birkhoff-HopfThis thesis is devoted to the mathematical study of some systems of classical and quantum particles, in a disordered medium. It comprises four published or submitted works. In the first one we provide a new formula allowing to prove Anderson localisation in one space dimension and to characterise the decay at infinity of the eigenfunctions. The second contains one of the first proofs of localisation for infinitely many particles in interaction, in the Hartree-Fock approximation. The third work is dedicated to the Anderson model in a time-periodic perturbation. Under certain conditions on the oscillation frequency we prove the absence of diffusion. In the last work we show the decay of correlations for the one-dimensional Jellium model in an inhomogeneous background, using the Hilbert distance on cones and the Birkhoff-Hopf theorem
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Holanová, Tereza. "Kvalita života v krajích v roce 2013: jakými ekonomickými ukazateli ji hodnotit?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193202.
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The master thesis introduces comparison of economic situation and overall quality of life in regions of the Czech Republic in 2013. Based on hierarchical Quality-of-life Index (QLI), the thesis confirms stated hypothesis, which assumes that ordered lists of regions by GDP per capita and alternative, more complex QLI will differ. Aforementioned index is composed of 24 cross-section indicators, which are sorted into three particular categories. Inputs can be considered both consistent and comparable, since the analysis is based on data published by Czech statistical office, individual ministries and official specialized institutions. As the following synthesis proves, Prague region is the best ranked - especially thanks to its favorable economic and demographic conditions. The thesis therefore denies another hypothesis, which expects Prague to perform worse due to its high rate of crime and lower quality of environment than in other regions. Regression analysis implies that total GDP per capita contribution to QLI corresponds to 70 percent.
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Bouroullec, Melise Dantas Machado. "Governanças híbridas no comércio justo citrícola entre o Brasil e a Europa: arranjos institucionais complementares aos contratos." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3355.
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Focusing on hierarchy as an alternative to market, the New Institutional Economics (NIE) initially focused narrowly on the intermediary organizations. However, this situation started to change when Williamson (1985) stated that such intermediary transactions are the most common ones and denominated them hybrid governance in 1991. The studies carried out in the 80s and 90s enabled, among other factors, the distinction between hybrid governance and hierarchy resulting in an arousing interest in the development of contracts and the different coordination mechanisms in the field of NIE. More recently, some authors have highlighted the importance of studies on hybrid governance in the agricultural sector. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to indicate the existence of hybrid governance forms that complement the contract in transactions of supplying fair trade orange juice to the European market, as well as to point out the determining factors of this kind of governance. Therefore, the institutional environment of the agro-industrial fair trade is analyse, still poorly investigated in scientific studies in Brazil, and hybrid governance, considering the contributions of Ménard (1997, 2004) to the development of the concepts of NIE, were analyzed. Secondary data were considered and a field research was carried out both in Brazil and in Europe. Interviews were conducted with organizations of citrus farmers that are already inserted in the international citrus fruit fair trade, with export and import orange juice companies, and with some key agents. The analyses showed that orange juice supply transactions of the fair trade are administered by complex mechanisms that are more complex than contracts. Due to investments on human and brand name asset specificities, and the uncertainties related to the institutional environment of fair trande market, the contracts alone are not enough to conduct the transactions. Hence, coordination mechanisms, also known as mechanisms of adaptation are adopted based on two forms of private authority. On one hand, there is the authority performed by the certifying organization that constitutes a formal government. It establishes the norms and the production and trade standards in the fair trade of certified products, which leads to selecting the actors in the orange juice supply chain. The formal government also controls demands satisfaction rates and verifies whether the transactions are carried according to pre-established standards. In addition, it offers incentives to the adoption of organic citrus production and to long-term relationships. On the other hand, there is the informal authority: trust. Unlike the former, it is present in some cases and among some specific actors leading to a different way of selecting actors and controlling the factors that were not investigated by the formal government, such as the informal annual supply agreements between citrus farmers organizations and fair trade expert importers.
Focando sua atenção sobre a hierarquia como uma alternativa ao mercado, a Nova Economia Institucional (NEI) inicialmente pouco estudou os modos de organização intermediários. Esta situação começou a mudar quando Williamson (1985) afirmou estar convencido de que estas transações intermediárias são as mais comuns, denominando-as, em 1991, como governança híbrida. Os trabalhos desenvolvidos nas décadas de 80 e 90 permitiram, entre outros fatores, diferenciar a governança híbrida da hierárquica, o que gerou um aumento no interesse sobre o desenvolvimento dos contratos e dos diferentes mecanismos de coordenação no campo da NEI. Mais recentemente, alguns autores têm destacado a importância dos estudos sobre a governança híbrida na agricultura. Seguindo esta linha de pesquisa, este trabalho de tese tem o objetivo de mostrar que existem formas de governança híbrida complementares aos contratos nas transações de fornecimento de suco de laranja brasileiro do comércio justo para a Europa e também apontar os fatores determinantes deste tipo de governança. Para isso é analisado os ambientes institucional do comércio justo agroindustrial, ainda pouco conhecido no meio acadêmico brasileiro, e a governança híbrida, considerando as contribuições de Ménard (1997, 2004) para o desenvolvimento conceitual da NEI. Foram considerados dados secundários e uma pesquisa de campo foi realizada no Brasil e na Europa, sendo entrevistadas as organizações de citricultores brasileiros já inseridas no comércio justo citrícola internacional, algumas empresas exportadoras e importadoras do suco de laranja brasileiro, assim como certos agentes-chaves. As análises realizadas permitiram mostrar que as transações de fornecimento de suco de laranja do comércio justo são governadas por mecanismos mais complexos que os contratos. Devido aos investimentos em especificidades de ativos humanos e de marca, assim como as incertezas relacionadas ao ambiente institucional do comércio justo, os contratos não são, isoladamente, suficientes para governar as transações. Assim, mecanismos de coordenação, também chamados de mecanismos de adaptação são adotados, sendo eles cristalizados em dois tipos de autoridade privada. De um lado tem-se uma autoridade formal desempenhada pela empresa certificadora que constitui uma instituição ad hoc. Ela determina as normas e os padrões da produção e da realização das trocas no comércio justo de produtos certificados, o que a leva a selecionar os atores envolvidos na cadeia de fornecimento de suco de laranja. A instituição ad hoc também controla o atendimento dessas exigências e verifica se as transações são realizadas dentro dos padrões pré-estabelecidos. Ela ainda oferece incentivos para que a produção de citrus orgânicos seja adotada e para que as relações sejam de longo prazo. De outro lado, tem-se uma autoridade informal: a confiança. Diferentemente da primeira, ela é presente em alguns casos e entre alguns atores específicos, formando um segundo modo de seleção dos atores e de controle dos fatores não verificados pela instituição ad hoc, como os acordos informais anuais de fornecimento estabelecidos entre as organizações de citricultores e os importadores especializados no comércio justo.
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Lambert, Olivier. "Contamination chimique de matrices apicoles au sein de ruchers appartenant à des structures paysagères différentes." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833765.
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Depuis la seconde moitié du XXème siècle, l'industrialisation, l'urbanisation croissante, les transports et les pratiques agricoles ont entraîné une contamination généralisée des écosystèmes et des modifications profondes dans la composition et la structure des paysages. Ces changements majeurs induisent des perturbations physiologiques et comportementales des organismes et ont des effets négatifs sur la biodiversité. L'Abeille mellifère (Apis mellifera) est au coeur de cette problématique : 1/ les colonies d'abeilles déclinent dramatiquement depuis quelques années en Europe et aux Etats-Unis, et 2/ les abeilles sont reconnues comme d'excellentes sentinelles pour évaluer la contamination environnementale grâce à leurs caractéristiques physiologiques et biologiques. C'est dans ce contexte, que des abeilles, du miel et du pollen récoltés dans l'Ouest de la France ont été analysés pour évaluer leurs contaminations et la présence dans l'environnement d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, de plomb, de pesticides et de médicaments vétérinaires. Les échantillons ont été prélevés dans 18 ruchers de contextes paysagers différents (ville, bocage, culture et insulaire) sur 4 périodes (printemps, début d'été, milieu d'été et début d'automne) en 2008 et en 2009. Les résultats d'analyses toxicologiques mettent en évidence des sensibilités différentes en fonction du polluant environnemental, de la matrice étudiée, de la période de prélèvements et du contexte paysager. En dépit de ces différences, le plus souvent propres à chaque rucher, notre étude montre une contamination généralisée des matrices apicoles quels que soient le paysage et la période considérés. Même si les concentrations mesurées sont généralement faibles, cette pression par les xénobiotiques s'ajoute à, voire amplifie l'action des nombreux autres stresseurs environnementaux qui menacent la survie des abeilles en général.
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Pinkava, Jan. "Filtrace časových řad." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219145.
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Thesis is aimed at describing the concepts and basic principles in the economy in gross domestic product. Furthermore it deals with the description of time series, their types, characteristics and the basic classification. A decomposition of time series into thein components is indicated. Another part is a basic description of the most commonly used economic filters - Hodrick-Prescott and Baxter-King. The Christiano-Fitzgerald and frequency-selective filter for short length time series have been practically implemented in MATLAB. The rest of the thesis deals with the application of above mentioned filters to data of Czech Republic, European Union, USA and selected EU countries. Moreover, the correlation between spectral components of the data for selected countries is investigated. KEYWORDS
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Abou, Mrad Ninette. "Développements méthodologiques pour l’échantillonnage et l’analyse des hydrocarbures dans les systèmes aquatiques : application dans des expérimentations en conditions semi-contrôlées et dans le milieu environnemental." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14423/document.
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Ce travail de thèse a pour premier objectif le développement de méthodologies d’extraction (HS-SPME) et d’analyse (GC-MS, GC-MS-MS) des hydrocarbures pétroliers volatils (aromatiques et aliphatiques) dans la phase dissoute et la phase sédimentaire. Le deuxième objectif concerne le développement d’un nouvel outil d’échantillonnage passif des HAP dissous (POCIS-« like »). Les méthodologies développées ont été par la suite appliquées pour la caractérisation des hydrocarbures dans les effluents industriels pétroliers au cours d'expérimentations en conditions semi-contrôlées dans le cadre de deux projets de recherche (TOTAL, EMESTOX). Enfin un couplage de l’échantillonnage passif/ponctuel et biologique a été mis en oeuvre pour le suivi des HAP dans deux écosystèmes aquatiques français : le bassin d’Arcachon et l’estuaire de la GirondeHydrocarbons originating from telluric discharges and accidental spills constitute a major source of pollution in the aquatic systems. These compounds are present at trace levels in the dissolved phase due to their hydrophobicity and/or their volatility, and are characterized by variable concentrations in the water body depending on discontinuous inputs, dilution phenomena, tidal cycles…Therefore, in order to raise the analytical and environmental challenges generated by the hydrocarbons in the aquatic systems, the present phD work focused on: i) methodological developments for the extraction and analysis of volatile petroleum hydrocarbons (aromatics and aliphatics) for both the dissolved and the sedimentary phases, in order to characterize the presence and fate of a petroleum contamination in these media, and ii) developments of new passive sampling tools for the sampling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which have proved their toxic character, while integrating the variability in the contaminant concentrations in the dissolved phase
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Rolínek, Igor. "Body Image v kontextu soudobé společnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-9185.
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The thesis focuses on body image - defines the main characteristics of this area, describes cultural influences and body image history and explains basic quantitative values (Body Mass Index, Waist Hip Ratio, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis). Furthemore the thesis deals with media influence on body ideal formation process, especially in gay subculture. The research part explores recent situation of body image in gay subculture compared with heterosexual males. This section includes the content analysis of mainstream gay movies which compares media presentation of gays and the real situation and examines media influence on gay body image formation.
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Lebed, Victoria. "Objets tressés : une étude unificatrice de structures algébriques et une catégorification des tresses virtuelles." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00775857.
Full textAbstract:
Dans cette thèse on développe une théorie générale des objets tressés et on l'applique à une étude de structures algébriques et topologiques. La partie I contient une théorie homologique des espaces vectoriels tressés et modules tressés, basée sur le coproduit de battage quantique. La construction d'un tressage structurel qui caractérise diverses structures - auto-distributives (AD), associatives, de Leibniz - permet de généraliser et unifier des homologies familières. Les hyper-bords de Loday, ainsi que certaines opérations homologiques, apparaissent naturellement dans cette interprétation. On présente ensuite des concepts de système tressé et module multi-tressé. Appliquée aux bigèbres, bimodules, produits croisés et (bi)modules de Hopf et de Yetter-Drinfel'd, cette théorie donne leurs interprétations tressées, homologies et actions adjointes. La no- tion de produits tensoriels multi-tressés d'algèbres donne un cadre unificateur pour les doubles de Heisenberg et Drinfel'd, ainsi que les algèbres X de Cibils-Rosso et Y et Z de Panaite. La partie III est orientée vers la topologie. On propose une catégorification des groupes de tresses virtuelles en termes d'objets tressés dans une catégorie symétrique (CS). Cette approche de double tressage donne une source de représentations de V Bn et un traitement catégorique des racks virtuels de Manturov et de la représentation de Burau tordue. On définit ensuite des structures AD dans une CS arbitraire et on les munit d'un tressage. Les techniques tressées de la partie I amènent alors à une théorie homologique des structures AD catégoriques. Les algèbres associatives, de Leibniz et de Hopf rentrent dans ce cadre catégorique.