Journal articles on the topic 'Hong Kong identity'
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Ping, Yew Chiew, and Kwong Kin-ming. "Hong Kong Identity on the Rise." Asian Survey 54, no. 6 (November 2014): 1088–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2014.54.6.1088.
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The rise of the Hong Kong local identity vis-à-vis the Chinese national identity has been particularly pronounced in recent years. This article argues that the “Mainlandization” of Hong Kong since 2003 has alienated Hong Kongers and threatened their sense of distinctiveness, which in turn has intensified their resistance to Beijing’s top-down assimilation.
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Ching, Frank. "Nationality vs ethnic identity." Asian Education and Development Studies 7, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-09-2017-0095.
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Purpose As far as governments are concerned, it is the nationality of a person, usually reflected in a passport, that shows whether the government has a duty to protect that individual and whether the person owes obligations to the state. Hong Kong is unusual in that for many people there, passports are primarily seen as documents that offer safety and security. It is not unusual for people to possess two or more passports. The purpose of this paper is to examine attitudes toward passports on the part of Hong Kong people, formed by their unique experience. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzes key documents, such as China’s Nationality Law and a little known document, “Explanations of Some Questions by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Concerning the Implementation of the Nationality Law of the People’s Republic of China in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.” The paper also looks at the Loh case of August 2016, involving a Canadian man who wanted a Hong Kong passport for his 11-year-old Canadian-born son, and the Patrick Tse case, where Hong Kong tried to strip a teenager who possessed German nationality of his Hong Kong passport. Findings The convenience of travel to China with a Home Return Permit seems to outweigh any sense of loyalty to an adopted country in the west, or the realization that the use of a document identifying its holder as a Chinese national means that she/he would not have any consular protection. It is also ironical that the Hong Kong Government should maintain the difference between nationality and ethnicity at a time when the Chinese Government is doing the very opposite, playing down the status of nationality while magnifying the importance of so-called “Chinese blood.” Originality/value This paper examines a topic that has not been widely studied but is likely to become more important in the years to come as China’s impact on the rest of the world increases. The nationality status of ethnic Chinese will increasingly become an issue as the flow of travel between China and other countries rises and Chinese immigrants continue to take up foreign nationality. While this issue is of special importance to Hong Kong, its impact will extend to countries around the world, in fact, to wherever Chinese persons are to be found.
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Chan, Selina Ching. "Tea cafés and the Hong Kong identity: Food culture and hybridity." China Information 33, no. 3 (May 11, 2018): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x18773409.
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This article examines the meanings of caa caan teng (茶餐廳, local cafés) in Hong Kong and the implications of such cafés on the Hong Kong identity. It argues that the local café is a representation of Hong Kong culture because it reflects Hong Kong’s political, economic, and social developmental paths and mirrors the everyday life of its people. I investigate how the interaction of different immigrant cultures in Hong Kong has resulted in the invention of hybrid foods at the local café. These foods demonstrate hybridity as the transgression of boundaries through the negotiation of cultural differences among migrants, as well as those between migrants and colonialists. I argue that hybridity in local cafés reflects the power relations among the locals in Hong Kong, between locals and colonialists, and between locals and the new authorities in Beijing. Hybridity found in local cafés symbolizes the Hong Kong identity, as an entanglement between the multiplicity of Chinese ethnicities and the colonial modernity as characterized by flexibility, efficiency, choice, and diversity. These features differentiate the Hong Kong people from the colonialists and the mainlanders, thus constructing their identity and subjectivity, as former colonial subjects now living in the ‘periphery’ of the motherland.
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Feng, Qingxiang. "A Dissemination Strategy to Enhance National Identity in Hong Kong." Asian Social Science 16, no. 6 (May 31, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v16n6p37.
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As an important issue in the theory and practice of “one country, two systems”, the national identity in Hong Kong has been given a lot of attention as some deep-seated problems accumulated over a long period of time in Hong Kong have become increasingly acute in recent years. From the perspective of social communication, modern media and public opinion are important factors affecting the strength of national identity in Hong Kong. In view of this, in order to enhance the national identity in Hong Kong, it is necessary to cultivate patriotic and Hong Kong-loving media and improve the social communication platform of national identity, so as to occupy the leading edge of public opinion, cope with the erosion of the wrong trend of thought, spread the national image of China and demonstrate the national confidence of China.
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Haobin Ye, Ben, Hanqin Qiu Zhang, James Huawen Shen, and Carey Goh. "Does social identity affect residents’ attitude toward tourism development?" International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 26, no. 6 (August 5, 2014): 907–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-01-2013-0041.
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Purpose – The aim of this study is to examine the roles of social identity and perceived cultural distance in forming the attitude of Hong Kong residents toward the relaxation of the individual visit scheme (IVS). Design/methodology/approach – Face-to-face interviews with local Hong Kong residents were conducted. A total of 24 respondents’ interviews were qualified for qualitative analysis using the snowball sampling technique. Findings – The perceived positive and negative impacts, social identity and perceived cultural distance of Hong Kong residents were important in explaining their attitude toward tourism development. Perceived cultural distance influenced both the perceived negative impacts and social identity of residents, which, in turn, affected their attitude toward mainland Chinese tourists and tourism development. Research limitations/implications – The sample size for the interviews was relatively small; however, it was acceptable for qualitative studies. Practical implications – First, the Hong Kong Government should enhance civic education among mainland Chinese tourists to reduce their cultural conflicts with Hong Kong residents. Second, the Hong Kong Government should enhance national education among Hong Kong residents to mitigate the negative influence of the relaxation of the IVS. Originality/value – This study sheds light on the roles of perceived cultural distance and social identity in the attitude of residents toward tourism development, thus narrowing research gaps. Moreover, the current study applies an intercultural-interaction perspective, social identity theory, common in-group identity theory and social distance theory to understand resident attitude toward tourism development.
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Xu, Chenzi. "Char Siu is Better Than Guanxi? Identity in Hong Kong English." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 5, no. 2 (June 2019): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2019.5.2.205.
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Schulz, Ninja, Carolin Biewer, and Lisa Lehnen. "Hongkongites, Hong Kongers, Hong Kong Belongers?" English World-Wide 41, no. 3 (November 9, 2020): 295–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.00052.sch.
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Abstract To find empirical evidence for Schneider’s (2007) periodisation for the emergence of Hong Kong English, Evans (2014, 2015) scrutinised various historical documents, such as newspapers, council proceedings and jury lists. Taking the increasing use of the terms Hongkonger and Hongkong people during the 1980s as evidence for the emergence of a new Hong Kong identity, he argued that the Chinese population considered themselves part of the community. This paper systematises Evans’ (2014) approach by analysing terms denoting ingroup and outgroup members in English news discourse in Hong Kong from 1903 to 1999. By tracing changes in frequency, reference and discourse topics associated with the terms, periods of identity reconstructions are uncovered and Schneider’s and Evans’ periodisations reassessed. The study thus contributes to our understanding of the social dynamics in Hong Kong’s history, which are considered key to the emergence of Hong Kong English.
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Wu, Hang. "The Translocalized McDull Series: National Identity and the Politics of Powerlessness." Animation 12, no. 1 (March 2017): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1746847716686550.
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The animated film Me & My Mum was released in mainland China and Hong Kong in 2014 and proved to be a huge box office hit, cashing in on the existing McDull animated films that are hailed as the best animations in Hong Kong. Previous scholarship suggests that the McDull animated film series is a symbol of Hong Kong local culture; it serves as a repository of the changing landscapes of Hong Kong and demonstrates hybrid identities. However, this article argues that the McDull animated film series is more translocal than local, a fact which reveals the dynamics of the Hong Kong–mainland China relationship after Hong Kong’s return to Chinese sovereignty in 1997. The translocalized McDull series demonstrates an obsession with Chineseness which helps to evoke the national identity. By aestheticizing powerlessness as cuteness through anthropomorphic animals, the McDull series used to be highly political; they grappled with the wounds of society in Hong Kong. However, the articulation of a well-rounded McDull in the translocalized film Me & My Mum indicates that it is conforming to the Chinese Communist Party’s ideology of ideal children while the political power of aestheticizing powerlessness is repressed, revealing the dominant power of the Chinese film market.
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Sik-Ying Ho, Petula. "Male Homosexual Identity in Hong Kong:." Journal of Homosexuality 29, no. 1 (July 26, 1995): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j082v29n01_04.
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Tam, Siumi Maria. "Eating Metropolitaneity: Hong Kong Identity inyumcha." Australian Journal of Anthropology 8, no. 1 (April 1997): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1997.tb00169.x.
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Tam, Siumi Maria. "Eating Metropolitaneity: Hong Kong Identity inyumcha." Australian Journal of Anthropology 8, no. 1 (April 1997): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1997.tb00342.x.
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Wilkins, Karin G., and Peter D. Siegenthaler. "Media and identity in Hong Kong." Peace Review 9, no. 4 (December 1997): 509–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659708426101.
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Hansen Edwards, Jette G. "Borders and bridges." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 30, no. 1-2 (June 30, 2020): 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00047.han.
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Abstract This study examines the construction of linguistic identities at a time of significant political tension in Hong Kong, with a focus on Hong Kong’s three official languages: Cantonese, the most widely spoken variety of Chinese in Hong Kong; English, the longest serving official language of Hong Kong; and Putonghua, the official language of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), which became an official language in Hong Kong after the 1997 Handover of Hong Kong to PRC rule. Given the current political tensions between Hong Kong and the PRC, particularly in light of grassroots political movements such as the 2014 Umbrella Movement and the ongoing 2019 civil unrest due to the proposed introduction of an extradition treaty between Hong Kong and mainland China, the status of Hong Kong’s three languages is particularly interesting. Past research has primarily focused on the perceived value of these three languages in terms of instrumentality and integrativeness. The current study expands previous research by focusing on how the participants construct a linguistic identity of the self vs. a national language identity for Hong Kong, particularly within or in contrast to a national language identity of the PRC.
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Li, Yi. "Melancholic Nostalgia, Identity Crisis, and Adaptation in 1950s Hong Kong: Ba Jin’s Family on Screen." Adaptation 13, no. 3 (May 4, 2020): 313–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/adaptation/apz029.
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Abstract The communist takeover of mainland China in 1949 created physical, cultural, and political segregation between the mainland and Hong Kong, thus fostering a sense of dislocation and alienation among filmmakers who had migrated to Hong Kong from the mainland. The aim of this study is to explore the symbiosis between nostalgia and adaptation in Hong Kong cinema within the cultural landscape of 1950s Hong Kong, when Cold War politics was operating. With a detailed analysis of the 1953 Hong Kong film adaptation of mainland writer Ba Jin’s novel Family, and a comparative reading with the mainland film version produced in 1956, this study illustrates the cultural and historical significance of nostalgia in the development of Hong Kong cinema. This article further argues that nostalgic sentiment was expressed effectively through adaptations, while simultaneously improving these adaptations artistically and strengthening their political alignment with the mainland.
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Lee, Joseph Tse-Hei. "Despair and hope: cinematic identity in Hong Kong of the 2000s." Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 13, no. 2 (September 5, 2017): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-04-2017-0010.
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Purpose The goal of this article is to examine the current trends of political cinema in postcolonial Hong Kong. Many leaders of the Hong Kong mainstream cinema have accepted the Chinese authoritarian rule as a precondition for expanding into the ever-expanding Mainland film market, but a handful of conscientious filmmakers choose to make political cinema under the shadow of a wealthy and descendant industry, expressing their desire for democracy and justice and critiquing the unequal power relations between Hong Kong and China. Design/methodology/approach This paper consults relevant documentary materials and cinematic texts to contextualize the latest development of political cinema in Hong Kong. It presents an in-depth analysis of the works of two local independent filmmakers Herman Yau and Vincent Chui. Findings This study reveals a glimpse of hope in the current films of Herman Yau and Vincent Chui, which suggests that a reconfiguration of local identity and communal relationship may turn around the collective despair caused by the oppressive measures of the Chinese authoritarian state and the end of the Umbrella Movement in late 2014. Research limitations/implications Despite the small sample size, this paper highlights the rise of cinematic localism through a closer look at the works of Hong Kong independent filmmakers. Practical implications This study reveals an ambivalent mentality in the Hong Kong film industry where critical filmmakers strive to assert their creativity and agency against the externally imposed Chinese hegemonic power. Originality/value This investigation is an original scholarly study of film and politics in postcolonial Hong Kong.
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Lok, Peter. "Lost in Hong Kong." Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 13, no. 2 (September 5, 2017): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-04-2017-0011.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how a neo-liberal nationalist discourse of China imagines the spatial identity of the post-1997 Hong Kong with reference to Lost in Hong Kong, a new Chinese middle-class film in 2015 with successful box office sales. Design/methodology/approach Textual analysis with the aid of psychoanalysis, postcolonial studies and semiotics is used to interpret the meaning of the film in this study. The study also utilizes the previous literature reviews about the formation of the Chinese national identity to help analyze the distinct identity of the Chinese middle class today. Findings The discussion pinpoints how the new Chinese middle class as neo-liberal nationalists take Hong Kong as a “bizarre national redemptive space”. While Hong Kong is cinematically constructed as such a national other, this paper argues that the Hong Kong in question stands not for itself but in a form of “reverse hallucination” for pacifying the new Chinese middle class’ trauma under the rapid neo-liberalization of China in the 1990s. Originality/value This paper shows the new of formation of the Chinese nationalist’s discourse, especially the new Chinese middle-class discourse on Hong Kong after 1997.
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Wan, Marco. "Dissent, Cultural Schizophrenia and Hong Kong Identity in David Lee’s Insanity." Law, Culture and the Humanities 16, no. 2 (April 5, 2017): 226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1743872117702450.
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How does film capture the zeitgeist of a time of cultural and political conflict? This article investigates the relationship between Hong Kong cinema, identity and dissent in David Lee’s Insanity (2015). Drawing on the notion of cultural schizophrenia as posited by Frederic Jameson and reworked by a number of Hong Kong scholars, it argues that Lee’s film about clinical schizophrenia can be interpreted as a representation of the cultural schizophrenia characteristic of Hong Kong identity at the current time.
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Lam, Charles, and Genevieve Leung. "Examining the emergence of Hong Kong identity: A critical study of the 1970s Cantonese sketch comedy, The Hui Brothers Show." East Asian Journal of Popular Culture 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 205–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eapc_00074_1.
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Research on Hong Kong identity has focused on several pivotal periods (the 1997 Handover, and the 2014 and 2019 protests), which situates local, postcolonial Hong Kong identity as oppositional to a national Chinese identity. While these time points are critical, it is also important to attend to earlier Hong Kong media, including humorous works. Better understanding of how Hong Kong humour operates expands our knowledge about humour, identity and media studies beyond the prolific cinematic output. This article reports on the content analysis of 8.8 hours of the sketch comedy show, 雙星報喜 (The Hui Brothers Show) 1971–72. The Hui brothers broke the ‘two fools’ tradition of vernacularized and self-deprecating comedy by incorporating content reflecting Hongkongers’ everyday experience and coinciding with a rise in television viewership. We report three representative themes: (1) luxury and novelty, (2) social commentaries and behaviour governance and (3) the normalization and centring of working-class lifestyles as ‘Hong Kong’ lifestyles. We argue that these themes from the 1970s have planted the seeds to Hong Kong identity boundaries that have been (re)constructed and (re)imagined in contemporary Hong Kong history thus offering opportunities for collective self-reflection about what it meant to be a Hongkonger then and what it means now.
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Peng, Wenchi. "Study of Influence of Post-colonial Thought and Identity Dilemma on Hong Kong." BCP Social Sciences & Humanities 16 (March 26, 2022): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v16i.479.
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This article discusses how The British continued to exert political and cultural influence on Hong Kong after the end of colonial rule, proving the existence of Post-colonialism. Under the principle of "one country, two systems", what measures the Hong Kong government and the central government should take to resist this post-colonial influence and prevent more divisions and conflicts is of great significance to the future of Hong Kong.
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Chan, Chi Kit, and Gary Tang. "Contested citizenship in global city." Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 15, no. 2 (August 21, 2019): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-01-2019-0001.
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Purpose This paper aims to unravel how the formation of Hong Kong citizenship intertwines with controversies over global citizenship, national identities and local identity in post-handover Hong Kong. It aims to engage the case study of Hong Kong to the academic dialogue surrounding global citizenship, especially its contested compatibility with national identities and various political communities. Design/methodology/approach The data of this paper came from the territory-wide survey data conducted by the Public Opinion Programme of the University of Hong Kong (HKUPOP). The study cleans the survey data from 2008 to 2018, performs various regression models and concludes the findings based on longitudinal analyses of the dataset. Findings Drawing upon the survey data from 2008 to 2018, this study shows that the identities of Hong Kong people, Chinese in general, ethnic Chinese and citizen of Chinese regime demonstrate varying compatibility to the identity of Global citizen. Such discrepancies are more pronounced when the data are broken down into the youth (aged 18-29) and the adults, and a temporal comparison was exercised before and after the Umbrella Movement in 2014. The identity of Global citizen is compatible to the local identity of Hong Kong people when comparing with its congruence with national identities. On the contrary, the statist national identity (citizen of People’s Republic of China) indicates the least level of compatibility with the notion of Global citizen in Hong Kong. Originality/value This paper unravels that the identity of global citizen could be more compatible with local identities at sub-national level than the national identities in Hong Kong. While scholarly deliberation of global citizenship contemplates on the moral and political responsibility beyond national interest, the case study of Hong Kong illustrates the multi-facets of national identities, and the local identity at sub-national level could have different compatibilities with the identity of global citizen. The findings could bring research implication to the studies of global citizenship.
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Cheung, Carlos K. F. "Trans-border televisual musicscape: Regionalizing reality TV I am a Singer in China and Hong Kong." Global Media and China 2, no. 1 (March 2017): 90–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436417695815.
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This article focuses on the regionalization of reality TV I am a Singer from China to Hong Kong. It explores the features of a successful flow of a reality singing contest with the concepts of mediascape, televisuality and cultural memory of pop music. The three research questions: what format structures of televisuality are being integrated in I am a Singer; how locals in China and Hong Kong interpret and appropriate I am a Singer to their experience of cultural identities and how trans-border televisual musicscape facilitates regionalization of television programme, are answered by textual analysis and in-depth interviews with 12 informants from China and Hong Kong. It is found that the focal programme is implemented with excessive performative style that holds audience’s attention, authentic music performance that resonates with post-1980s identity in China and Hong Kong, and dramatic reality contest that links to nationalism and Hong Kong people’s victimized identity. Identity politics is consumed by audience in China and Hong Kong as the dramatized excitement of the focal programme, which nurtures a group of loyal audience across China and Hong Kong.
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KEVIN HO, CHUNG-HIN, and HEI-HANG HAYES TANG. "Building Houses by the Rootless People: Youth, Identities, and Education in Hong Kong." Harvard Educational Review 90, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 282–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/1943-5045-90.2.282.
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In this essay, Chung-Hin Kevin Ho, a history education university student in Hong Kong, narrates his search for civic identity. Composed through a process of critical and reflective dialogue with Hayes Tang, the essay describes the tension between Chung-Hin’s Chinese ethnic and cultural identity and the democratic values held by Hong Kongers. As a student, he and his peers had to navigate these competing conceptions of identity in their coursework and examinations. The youth of Hong Kong, including Chung-Hin, have protested against the Chinese government, and have fought to protect the values of Hong Kong. As a future educator, Chung-Hin has advice for the government administrations of both Hong Kong and China: work with Hong Kongers to help them “build their own house.” Chung-Hin argues that if Hong Kong is to become closer to China, it cannot be done through force or propaganda. Further, Chung-Hin contends that education initiatives that change the history curriculum of Hong Kong schools is not enough to bring the youth of the city to heel. Chung-Hin’s experiences, and his own understanding of history education in Hong Kong, have helped him see that the values of Hong Kongers need to be respected if there is any hope of gaining their trust and acceptance. In this timely essay, Chung-Hin highlights how government policies and historical legacies have shaped his personal experience and educational trajectory in Hong Kong, as well as the other students who are a part of the largest youth protest movement in recent memory.
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Shih, C. Y. "Significance of Hong Kong’s Perspective on China." China Report 54, no. 1 (January 25, 2018): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517744404.
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Hong Kong exemplifies a geo-cultural path that the literature on hybridity has not seriously considered. Hong Kong’s particular geo-cultural path is different from what the literature refers to as hybridity because Hong Kong’s identity encompasses non-synthetic, lingering Confucian, Christian, liberal, patriotic and other identities that exist parallel to each other, rather than merging into a certain hybrid identity. Because of this unique identity, the already hybrid identity of Hong Kong could disintegrate at any time because of re-imagined or re-enacted traditions. In other words, the coexisting parallel identities support a cyclical historiography rather than the celebrated postcoloniality that moves Hong Kong irrevocably away from any alleged past. Hong Kong demonstrates this constant re-appealing that takes place on the basis of solid traditions in Confucianism, Christianity and patriotism, in addition to the familiar liberalism and anti-Communism. Chineseness has become extremely difficult to define and attempts at doing so generate bitter feelings.
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Bosco, Joseph. "Chinese popular religion and Hong Kong identity." Asian Anthropology 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1683478x.2015.1025591.
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Henderson, Joan. "Heritage, Identity and Tourism in Hong Kong." International Journal of Heritage Studies 7, no. 3 (January 2001): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13527250120079402.
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Hansen Edwards, J. G. "Hong Kong English: attitudes, identity, and use." Asian Englishes 17, no. 3 (June 16, 2015): 184–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2015.1049840.
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Xu, Cora Lingling. "When the Hong Kong Dream Meets the Anti-Mainlandisation Discourse: Mainland Chinese Students in Hong Kong." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 44, no. 3 (September 2015): 15–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261504400302.
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This article looks at identity constructions of mainland Chinese undergraduate students in a Hong Kong university. These students shared a “Hong Kong Dream” characterised by a desire for change in individual outlooks, a yearning for international exposure, and rich imaginations about Hong Kong and beyond. However, when their Hong Kong Dream met Hong Kong's “anti-mainlandisation discourse,” as was partially, yet acutely, reflected in the recent Occupy Central movement, most students constructed the simultaneous identities of a “free” self that was spatially mobile and ideologically unconfined and an “elite” self that was among the winners of global competition. This article argues that the identity constructions of these mainland Chinese students shed light on global student mobilisation and provide a unique, insider's perspective into the integration process between Hong Kong and the rest of the People's Republic of China.
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Fung, Anthony, and Boris Pun. "Discourse and identity in the Hong Kong comic magazine Teddy Boy." Global Media and China 1, no. 4 (December 2016): 422–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436417694045.
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The discourse and cultural identity of Hong Kong media have long been of academic concern. Hong Kong media and the consumption of cultural products often reveal the process of local cultural identification formation and discourse practices. Based on the textual analysis of a local comic, Teddy Boy, this article attempts to explore and examine the discursive culture and nature of Hong Kong identity. Based on du Gay et al.’s concept of the circuit of culture, this article explores how the local discourse is formed and legitimized in the process of textual production and consumption by the representation of an idealized cultural hero. In the conclusion, we argue for a connection between local and global identity formations.
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Bridges, Brian. "Hong Kong and Japan: Commerce, Culture and Contention." China Quarterly 176 (December 2003): 1052–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741003000614.
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This article analyses the nature of contemporary Hong Kong–Japan relations in their economic, political and cultural dimensions, setting the relationship within the broader context of Sino-Japanese relations, concerns about identity and nationalism within Hong Kong, and changing Japanese commercial priorities. While the commercial and popular cultural ties between Japan and Hong Kong remain dominant, since the mid-1990s political issues have become more visible in Hong Kong–Japan relations. Changing moods within Hong Kong about the handover and, after 1997, about the nature of the redefined relationship with China have had an important influence on the political economy of Hong Kong–Japan relations.
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Buker, Leon, and Gerhard Bruyns. "Gender as Spatial Identity: Gender Strategizing in Postcolonial and Neocolonial Hong Kong." Cubic Journal, no. 2 (September 2019): 100–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.31182/cubic.2019.2.020.
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A photo essay exploring the how gender identity is deliberately constructed through social positioning within the urban landscape of Hong Kong. Hong Kong has always had a binary identity, which continues through from the postcolonial to the neocolonial. This creates layers of additional complexity around gender identity, which is explored in terms of performativity and authenticity through both the heterosexual fluidity of foreign domestic workers and through homosexual tactics of local men, within a public park in Hong Kong. By rejecting the past through a politics of disappearance, previous boundaries around fluidity, repression, and suppression continue to influence the present in a volatile neocolonial context opening questions around what is an authentic performance of self.
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Wong, Shuk-fan Fanny, and Wai-sum Amy Lee. "The Three Epochs of Hong Kong Lolita Subculture: Cultural Hybridization and Identity Construction." IAFOR Journal of Cultural Studies 6, no. 1 (July 14, 2021): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/ijcs.6.1.05.
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Lolita is identified as a female oriented subculture phenomenon which came about in the 1990s in Harajuku, Japan. Youths in Hong Kong, because culturally and geographically in close proximity to Japan, will usually adapt their neighboring city Tokyo’s cultural movements. This paper explores the development, meaning, significance of Lolita phenomena in Hong Kong from the postmodern historical and socio-cultural points of view. By assembling and examining the ethnographic data from face-to-face interviewees and materials from online resources between 2014 and 2017, we reviewed and proposed that there are three major epochs of Lolita subculture development in Hong Kong. The study concludes that the changes in online practices over the past two decades lead to the transformation of Lolita identity within the group. It also indicates that the development of Hong Kong Lolita subculture shows a positive impact of cultural hybridization. Moreover, through the active practice on virtual platforms, the group creates an imagined community for the participants to share their beliefs and dreams freely.
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Kit, Wah. "Representation and identity issue between globalism and localism: The case of Hong Kong pavilion at the Venice Biennale." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 7, no. 2 (2015): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1502173k.
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In this presentation Lee Kit's art installation at the Venice Biennale in 2013 is used as a case study of the ways in which artworks represent and help to construct representations of Hong Kong's challenge to and subversion of an aggressive and powerful rising China. In contrast with the explicit social critique and grandeur of artworks exhibited in the China Pavilion, Lee Kit's art installation - "an impressionistic house" - in the Hong Kong Pavilion appears not only abstract but mundane and even trivial. As the artist was handpicked by the organizer, without any prior public consultation, there has been heated public debate on the extent to which it is representative of Hongkongness. I argue that the apparently trivial and ordinary elements of Lee's work constitute rather than reflect the new generation of Hong Kong art. These elements may also be part of a strategy for negotiating the political identity inescapably imposed on Hong Kong by China. Hong Kong art now has the potential to distance itself from or express skepticism toward the grand narratives presented by China, to paraphrase the writing of art historian David Clarke (1997). I believe part of the aims of the international conference on "Hong Kong as Method" held at the University of Hong Kong in December 2014 is to use the ordinary to destabilize and challenge Hong Kong's taken-for-granted political identity and thereby promote diversity and inter-Asian cultural dynamics.
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Yee, Winnie L. M. "Reinventing “Nature”." Prism 17, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 244–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/25783491-8690380.
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Abstract The often-heated debates concerning Hong Kong's literary representations all take as a premise that Hong Kong has an urban identity, defined by its mythic transformation from a fishing village to a metropolis. On the return of the sovereignty to mainland China in 1997, the discourse stresses Hong Kong's exceptional status, reflecting a general anxiety that Hong Kong could be replaced by or even become just another Chinese city. This anxiety for the future is evident in an ecocritical turn, manifested in both the social realm (popular movements and organic communities) and artistic circles (independent cinema and literature). This article looks at Hong Kong literature—Wu Xubin's 吳煦斌 (1949–) stories, Dung Kai-cheung's 董啟章 (1967–) literary experiments, and a recent edited volume about plants—to determine how ecotopian imaginaries and cultural identities are closely linked to different moments in Hong Kong history. The author finds that the ecocritical turn in Hong Kong literature has opened a new space for Hong Kong's postcolonial identity.
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Zhu, Xuehan, and Sooyeoun Sohn. "A Study of Hong Kong Movies Cultural Identity: Focus on Movies The Actress and The Golden Era." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 44, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 639–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2022.11.44.11.639.
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2022 is the 25th year of Hong Kong's return to China; the return implies that Hong Kong has transferred from colonial history to the new political environment of “one country, two systems.” Meanwhile, Hong Kong's cultural identity would be sharply reconstructed after the return. This study is based on movies and aims to understand whether the change in cultural identity is reflected in the culture and arts areas. Specifically, this paper compares two Hong Kong movies, “The Actress” and “The Golden Era.” The reason is that those two movies have similar background contexts, but they are produced in different periods (i.e., before and after Hong Kong’s return). This paper has the following findings: there have been great changes in the film industry, cultural identity and movie style. Overall, this study shed light on how the political environment changes affect the culture and arts field; moreover, our findings broaden the understanding of the Chinese and Hong Kong movie industries.
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Lu, Xin. "Expression of Hong Kong Directors in the Chinese Main-Melody Film: The Artistic Propaganda." Asian Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no. 7 (August 1, 2022): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ajsss.v7i7.1246.
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By analysing the main-melody film works of Hong Kong directors and the understandings and attitudes of audiences in both mainland China and Hong Kong toward these films, it is hoped that this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of the particularity of Hong Kong people’s national identity. This would provide a significant opportunity to advance the understanding of Hong Kong’s status and value in contemporary China and the world. Furthermore, this study will offer some critical insights into the distribution of Hong Kong films in mainland China.
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CASIS. "Violence in Hong Kong." Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare 2, no. 2 (November 21, 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21810/jicw.v2i2.1056.
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This briefing note explores the argument that the alleged July 22nd, 2019 attacks on protesters in Hong Kong were perpetrated by a group that can be classified as a Violent Transnational Social Movement (VTSM). When scrutinized, the alleged acts of violence and observed motivations of the United Bamboo triad, plus their transnational and identity-based nature of the operation, suggest that the United Bamboo triad may be a VTSM.
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Weiss, Anita M. "South Asian Muslims in Hong Kong: Creation of a ‘Local Boy’ Identity." Modern Asian Studies 25, no. 3 (July 1991): 417–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00013895.
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South Asian Muslims migrating throughout the world usually establish tight-knit communities in which most of their socioeconomic and religious activities occur. The social organization of South Asian Muslims in Hong Kong is unique in that their separation and isolation into a cohesive ethnic group is a relatively recent phenomenon. Communal orientations have undergone substantial change over time, often paralleling the kinds of changes occuring in Hong Kong as a result of its relationship to the British Empire. This paper seeks to understand the characteristics of the early South Asian Muslim community in Hong Kong and contrast these with social themes which are found in the contemporary community so as to discover the principles underlying social cohesion and cultural identification within this group.
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Mathews, Gordon. "The Hong Kong protests in anthropological perspective: National identity and what it means." Critique of Anthropology 40, no. 2 (March 4, 2020): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x20908303.
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This brief report discusses the Hong Kong protests of 2019–2020 in terms of cultural and national identity. It examines how Hongkongers have had no concept of what it means to belong to a nation throughout their history; but because of the ham-handed efforts by the Hong Kong government to enforce Chinese national identity, many young Hongkongers have reacted by embracing a different “nation”: Hong Kong. It also examines how many young Hongkongers have embraced a civic rather than an ethnic concept of who can be a Hongkonger, one that may lead, paradoxically, to a rejection of mainland Chinese as Hongkongers and to an acceptance of those who are not mainland Chinese.
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Shum, Maggie. "Transnational Activism During Movement Abeyance: Examining the International Frontline of Hong Kong’s 2019 Anti-Extradition Bill Movement." Journal of Asian and African Studies 58, no. 1 (January 15, 2023): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219096221125918.
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Why does the Hong Kong diaspora mobilize transnationally to support the Anti-ELAB Movement back home? How do overseas mobilizations help sustain movement during its abeyance period? Building on the theoretical grounding from transnational movement and diaspora studies, I identify four dimensions of transnational ties that diasporas have with their homeland—relational, political, cultural, and identity and value—and examine their effect on diasporic activism in the host countries. Using original survey data on Hong Kong Americans and interviews with members of overseas Hongkonger groups, I demonstrate that attachment to Hong Kong culture and localist values are the strongest drivers for transnational engagement.
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Lam, Wai-man. "Nongovernmental International Human Rights Organizations: The Case of Hong Kong." PS: Political Science & Politics 47, no. 03 (June 19, 2014): 642–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104909651400078x.
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ABSTRACTThis article examines the contributions of nongovernmental international human rights organizations (NGIHRO) in promoting a broad sense of human rights in hybrid regimes using the cases of Amnesty International Hong Kong (AIHK), Green Peace Hong Kong (GPHK), and Oxfam Hong Kong (OHK). It contends that NGIHROs have made significant contributions to public education and fund-raising in Hong Kong. However, with regard to the human rights conditions, it is erroneous to consider Hong Kong as part of the developed world. Together with other probable political considerations, doing so may have led to gaps in the organizations’ roles and functions as advocates for human rights in Hong Kong. In the final analysis, this article uses the political protests in Hong Kong to illustrate the importance of addressing the implications of demands for preserving the local identity and alternative lifestyles in the broader understanding of human rights.
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Chang, Jung-a. "Defending Hong Kong Land: The meaning of the rural and land for Hong Kong identity." Journal of Modern China Studies 19, no. 4 (March 30, 2018): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35820/jmcs.19.4.1.
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Spires, Robert. "Hong Kong's Postcolonial Education Reform." International Journal of Educational Reform 26, no. 2 (April 2017): 154–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105678791702600204.
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The Hong Kong education system is at a crucial point in its trajectory, and changes to public education also reflect broader social, economic and political changes within Hong Kong and globally. Since the 1997 handover of Hong Kong from British control to China, Hong Kong has struggled to develop its own identity under the One Country, Two Systems premise. One of the compulsory courses in the Hong Kong curriculum known as liberal studies, introduced in 2009, provided a useful departure point for exploring many social tensions occurring in Hong Kong. Exploring education reform through liberal studies explains how these social tensions manifest within education, and how these educational tensions manifest within the broader society. Contemporary trends in Hong Kong's education were examined, including the public exams, the proliferation of shadow education and the expansion of self-financed tertiary education options for Hong Kong students. Tensions in Hong Kong are further explained through the notions of post-colonialism. The liberal studies debate mirror aspects of the broader economic, political, and social tensions as they relate to Hong Kong youth, and Hong Kong society at-large, and this article endeavors to explore these tensions through the lens of liberal studies as it relates to education discourse in Hong Kong. Through a combination of literature review from academic and mainstream sources, the article establishes the groundwork for further empirical work in order to gain a more in-depth understanding of the issues and tensions in Hong Kong.
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Lun, Wong Siu. "Roaming Yuppies: Hong Kong Migration to Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 3, no. 2-3 (June 1994): 373–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689400300206.
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Hong Kong has been the top source area for Asian migration to Australia in recent years. The majority of the Hong Kong migrants are young, educated professionals. Using survey data conducted in Hong Kong on emigration tendencies, this article analyzes why they are leaving Hong Kong, what attracts them to Australia, and what impact this influx has on Australian society. It is speculated that this movement may create an enduring change in the identity of emigrant Hong Kongers and have a wider significance in the contradictory currents of geopolitics and geoeconomics which are simultaneously encouraging and resisting migration.
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Pang, Qin, and Fan Jiang. "Hong Kong’s Growing Separatist Tendencies against China’s Rise: Comparing Mainland and Hong Kong College Students’ National Identities." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 48, no. 1 (April 2019): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1868102619886597.
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Why have separatist sentiments increased in Hong Kong despite of China’s growing economic attractiveness? This question is critical for China–Hong Kong relations. However, few studies have explored it from a comparative perspective. This study compares Hong Kong and mainland college students’ national identities by making a series of interlocked surveys and interviews from 2012 to 2016. It shows that Hong Kong students have a much lower sociopolitical identity with China, which proves to be the primary cause for their separatist tendencies. Although they hold a comparably strong pan-Chinese economic identity, it does not strengthen their sociopolitical identity as it does for mainland students. This can be attributed to their post-materialist framework through which they are unlikely to believe that economic development alone can bring sociopolitical improvements. The findings imply that China faces serious difficulties in turning its economic strength into political charm in societies with strong post-materialist values.
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McGill, Jenny, Kim Kuen Ip, Jeffrey Chiu, and Timotheus Mui. "Social Activism amid Multiple Identities: Christians in Hong Kong." International Bulletin of Mission Research 44, no. 4 (April 16, 2020): 350–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2396939320905684.
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This article considers how church-state relations have affected the political and social activism of Christians in Hong Kong. It examines how Hong Kong Christians are contesting their identities and levels of activism amid shifting state and cultural views and restrictions. This process illustrates the negotiation of the national, ethnic, and religious identities of Hong Kong Christians. Written by a diverse mix of authors (varying by gender, citizenship, experience, and profession), this article reflects an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural view of the current identity challenges that Hong Kong Christians face.
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Cheng, Vennes. "The Misrepresentation of Hong Kongness." Museum Worlds 8, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 149–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/armw.2020.080111.
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Established in 1962, the Hong Kong Museum of Art was the first public museum in the city. It closed in August 2015 for a four-year renovation and spatial expansion of the facility, and reopened its doors in November 2019. The renovation happened precisely in the interstices of two important historical ruptures in recent Hong Kong history: the Umbrella Movement of 2014 and the ongoing Anti-China Extradition Movement that started in 2019. These movements are redefining the identity of the city and its people in contrast to the conventional Hong Kong cliché of transformation from fishing village to modern financial hub. Without addressing recent changes in cultural identity, the revamped museum rhetorically deploys obsolete curatorial narratives through exhibitions of Hong Kong art. This report critiques the representation of Hong Kongness in the revamped museum and argues that the latter is a soulless entity that overlooks the fact that both politics and art are now reconstructing local identities.
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Lu, Chieh, Ching Wan, Pamsy P. Hui, and Yuk-yue Tong. "In Response to Cultural Threat: Cultural Self-Awareness on Collective Movement Participation." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 51, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022119888795.
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This study investigated the role of cultural self-awareness, an individual’s awareness of culture’s influence on the self, on collective movement participation. We posited that individuals who were highly aware of their culture’s influence on them would more likely perceive self-relevance of cultural circumstances. In the context of a cultural threat, such perception of self-relevance would lead to psychological and behavioral reactions that affirm one’s collective identity. We tested our predictions during a collective political movement in Hong Kong. Results showed that among Hong Kong university students, the higher the cultural self-awareness, the more they participated in the collective movement. The relationship was mediated by increased pride in Hong Kong and a more exclusive Hong Kong identity. The findings highlighted the importance of metacognitive reflection of the self in collective processes.
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So, Alvin Y., and Ping Lam Ip. "Civic localism, anti-mainland localism, and independence." Asian Education and Development Studies 9, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-02-2018-0043.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to trace the changing pattern of identity politics in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). It shows that in response to the massive urban renewal projects in the 2000s, “civic localism” in the form of cultural preservation movement emerged to protect local community culture against the government-business hegemony. However, due to the deepening of social integration between Hong Kong and the mainland, a new “anti-mainland localism” emerged in the 2010s against the influx of mainlanders. In 2015–2016, as a result of Beijing’s active interference in Hong Kong affairs, localism is further transformed to Hong Kong “independence.” Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a historical methodology to trace the changing pattern of identity politics in Hong Kong after it becomes a special administrative region of China in 1997. Findings It shows how the interaction among the following three factors has shaped the pattern of localism in Hong Kong: macro historical-structural context, social movement dynamics and the response of Hong Kong and mainland government. Practical implications This paper argues that Beijing’s hardline policy toward Hong Kong localism may work in the short run to all push the pro-independence activities underground. However, unless the structural contradiction of the HKSAR is resolved, it seems likely that anti-mainland localism and Hong Kong independence sentiment and movement will come back with a vengeance at a later stage. Originality/value The literature tends to discuss Hong Kong localism in very general terms and fails to reveal its changing nature. This paper contributes by distinguishing three different forms of localism: civic localism in the mid-2000s, anti-mainland in the late 2000s and early 2010s, and independence after 2016. It shows how the macro historical-structural transformation, social movement dynamics and the responses of the Hong Kong SAR government and Beijing government have led to the changes of civic localism to anti-mainland localism, and finally to independence.
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Witzleben, J. Lawrence. "Cantopop and Mandapop in pre-postcolonial Hong Kong: identity negotiation in the performances of Anita Mui Yim-Fong." Popular Music 18, no. 2 (May 1999): 241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000009077.
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The following comments appeared on the front page of the Hong Kong newspaper South China Morning Post on 19 January 1989, in a story about a performance in the Chinese city of Guangzhou (Canton) by Hong Kong singer Anita Mui YimFong .
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Fu, Poshek. "Hong Kong Cinema: Coloniser, Motherland and Self. By Yingchi Chu. [London and New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002. xxi+184 pp. £55.00. ISBN 0-7007-1746-3.]." China Quarterly 177 (March 2004): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741004370128.
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The recent success of Jackie Chan, Chow Yun-fat, Jet Li, Wong Kar-wai, and John Woo in reaching a global audience, along with the enormous changes in Hong Kong since the early 1990s, has attracted a lot of critical attention to Hong Kong cinema around the world. Beginning with Stephen Teo's Hong Kong Cinema (1997) and David Bordwell's Planet Hong Kong (2000), scholarship on the cinema of Hong Kong – whether from the perspective of cultural identity, global culture, film history, or film art – has greatly expanded. Australian scholar Yingchi Chu's book, Hong Kong Cinema: Coloniser, Motherland and Self, contributes to this growing trend.Hong Kong Cinema is a brief but ambitious book. In less than 150 pages, it tries to map out the entire history of the cinema, from the 1910s to developments after the 1997 takeover. The book draws on a provocative conceptual framework to provide a sweeping overview of Hong Kong cinema and offers some fascinating observations on the industry. However, the book needs further revisions to bring out its rich potential.