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Journal articles on the topic 'Honeycomb filler'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Wan Abdul Hamid, Wan Luqman Hakim, Yulfian Aminanda, and Mohamed Shaik Dawood. "Experimental Investigation on the Energy Absorption Capability of Foam-Filled Nomex Honeycomb Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 393 (September 2013): 460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.460.

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The effect of low density filler material comprising polyurethane foam on the axial crushing resistance of Nomex honeycomb under quasi-static compression conditions was analyzed. Honeycombs with two different densities, two different heights and similar cell size, along with five different densities of polyurethane foams were used in the research. A total of 14 unfilled Nomex honeycombs, 15 polyurethane foams, and 39 foam-filled Nomex honeycombs were subjected to quasi-static compression loading. The crushing load and capability of foam-filled Nomex honeycomb structure in absorbing the energy were found to increase significantly since the cell walls of honeycomb were strengthened by the foam filler; the walls did not buckle at the very beginning of compression loading. The failure mechanism of the foam-filled honeycomb was analyzed and compared with the unfilled honeycomb.

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2

Mieloszyk, Magdalena, Katarzyna Majewska, and Wieslaw Ostachowicz. "THz spectroscopy for inspection and evaluation of internal structure of sandwich samples." International Journal of Structural Integrity 9, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 793–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-11-2017-0068.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of THz spectroscopy for the inspection and evaluation of the internal structure of complex samples with honeycomb fillers. Design/methodology/approach Three complex samples with honeycomb fillers are investigated using THz spectrometer in order to determine the applicability of chosen non-destructive method for the analysis of internal structure of structural components. The first analysed sample has aluminium honeycomb filler with some cells filled with water. The aim of the analysis is to distinguish empty and full cells. The other two sandwich samples are made of different non-metallic components and for them the possibility of THz spectroscopy application is analysed. Findings The empty and full cells in metal honeycomb filler were easily distinguished due to different absorption coefficients of electromagnetic waves in THz range for air and water. It was especially visible for frequency domain. The THz spectroscopy was able to inspect the non-metallic samples internal structures and distinguish skins (with layers), honeycomb fillers and adhesive layers between them. It was also possible to detect, localise and determine the size of a local damage of honeycomb walls due to impact influence. Originality/value The present study is an original research work. There are very limited literature papers which present analyses of internal structures of sandwich elements using THz spectroscopy and investigate utility of the method for mechanical damage and contamination (water) detection and localisation.

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3

Vesenjak, Matej, Andreas Öchsner, and Zoran Ren. "Evaluation of Thermal and Mechanical Filler Gas Influence on Honeycomb Structures Behavior." Materials Science Forum 553 (August 2007): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.553.190.

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In this paper the behavior of hexagonal honeycombs under dynamic in-plane loading is described. Additionally, the presence and influence of the filler gas inside the honeycomb cells is considered. Such structures are subjected to very large deformation during an impact, where the filler gas might strongly affect their behavior and the capability of deformational energy absorption, especially at very low relative densities. The purpose of this research was therefore to evaluate the influence of filler gas on the macroscopic cellular structure behavior under dynamic uniaxial loading conditions by means of computational simulations. The LS-DYNA code has been used for this purpose, where a fully coupled interaction between the honeycomb structure and the filler gas was simulated. Different relative densities, initial pore pressures and strain rates have been considered. The computational results clearly show the influence of the filler gas on the macroscopic behavior of analyzed honeycomb structures. Because of very large deformation of the cellular structure, the gas inside the cells is also enormously compressed which results in very high gas temperatures and contributes to increased crash energy absorption capability. The evaluated results are valuable for further research considering also the heat transfer in honeycomb structures and for investigations of variation of the base material mechanical properties due to increased gas temperatures under impact loading conditions.

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4

Vesenjak, Matej, Zoran Žunič, Zoran Ren, and Andreas Öchsner. "Computational Study of Heat Transfer in Honeycomb Structures Accounting for Gaseous Pore Filler." Defect and Diffusion Forum 273-276 (February 2008): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.273-276.699.

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Thermal properties of honeycomb structures with different cell shapes are investigated in this paper. The influence of cell shape, relative density and pore gases on the macroscopic honeycomb thermal properties is investigated by means of transient dynamic computational simulations. The ANSYS CFX code is used to evaluate the heat conduction trough the base material and the filler gas, as well as the convection in gas filler. The computational results clearly show a strong influence of the filler gas on heat conduction and macroscopic thermal properties of analyzed honeycomb structures, which is attributed to low relative density of the cellular structure. Additionally, the influence of considered relative densities is more prominent than the influence of cell shape. The evaluated results are valuable for further development of homogenization models of heat transfer in honeycomb structures accounting for gaseous pore fillers.

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5

Aktay, Levent, Cem Çakıroğlu, and Mustafa Güden. "Quasi-Static Axial Crushing Behavior of Honeycomb-Filled Thin-Walled Aluminum Tubes." Open Materials Science Journal 5, no. 1 (October 4, 2011): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874088x01105010184.

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The experimental and numerical quasi-static crushing behaviors of Nomex™ honeycomb-filled thin-walled Al tubes were investigated. The honeycomb filler was modeled using a unit cell model. The numerical model and experimental results have shown that, 6.4 mm and 4.8 mm cell size honeycomb filling had no effect on the deformation mode (diamond); however 3.2 mm cell size honeycomb filling changed the deformation mode to mixed/concertina. Honeycomb filling was also shown to increase the specific energy absorption of filled tubes over that of Al tube. The specific energy absorption of honeycomb filling was further compared with those of tube wall thickening and Al closedcell foam filling.

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6

Shang, Lei, Ye Wu, Yuchao Fang, and Yao Li. "High Temperature Mechanical Properties of a Vented Ti-6Al-4V Honeycomb Sandwich Panel." Materials 13, no. 13 (July 6, 2020): 3008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13133008.

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For aerospace applications, honeycomb sandwich panels may have small perforations on the cell walls of the honeycomb core to equilibrate the internal core pressure with external gas pressure, which prevent face-sheet/core debonding due to pressure build-up at high temperature. We propose a new form of perforation on the cell walls of honeycomb sandwich panels to reduce the influence of the perforations on the cell walls on the mechanical properties. In this paper, the high temperature mechanical properties of a new vented Ti-6Al-4V honeycomb sandwich panel were investigated. A vented Ti-6AL-4V honeycomb sandwich panel with 35Ti-35Zr-15Cu-15Ni as the filler alloy was manufactured by high-temperature brazing. The element distribution of the brazed joints was examined by means of SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDS (energy-dispersive spectroscopy) analyses. Compared to the interaction between the face-sheets and the brazing filler, the diffusion and reaction between the honeycomb core and the brazing filler were stronger. The flatwise compression and flexural mechanical properties of the vented honeycomb sandwich panels were investigated at 20, 160, 300, and 440 °C, respectively. The flatwise compression strength, elastic modulus, and the flexural strength of the vented honeycomb sandwich panels decreased with the increase of temperature. Moreover, the flexural strength of the L-direction sandwich panels was larger than that of the W-direction sandwich panels at the same temperature. More importantly, the vented honeycomb sandwich panels exhibited good compression performance similar to the unvented honeycomb sandwich panels, and the open holes on the cell walls have no negative effect on the compression performance of the honeycomb sandwich panels in these conditions. The damage morphology observed by SEM revealed that the face-sheets and the brazing zone show ductile and brittle fracture behaviors, respectively.

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7

Berezin, A. V., M. A. Lyubchenko, and I. V. Gadolina. "Mechanics of orthotropic plates with honeycomb filler." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 934 (October 8, 2020): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/934/1/012022.

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8

Nemish, Yu I. "Flexural rigidity of five-layer plates with a honeycomb filler." International Applied Mechanics 31, no. 12 (December 1995): 1031–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00847264.

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9

Nian, Yuze, Shui Wan, Xiayuan Li, Qiang Su, and Mo Li. "How does bio-inspired graded honeycomb filler affect energy absorption characteristics?" Thin-Walled Structures 144 (November 2019): 106269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.106269.

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10

Kolomenskii, A. B., A. N. Roshchupkin, and V. N. Rodionov. "Selecting the conditions of high‐temperature annealing titanium foil for a honeycomb filler and subsequent diffusion bonding honeycomb packets." Welding International 9, no. 7 (January 1995): 563–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507119509548851.

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11

Altan, Gürkan, and Volkan Kovan. "Flexural behavior of 3D printed honeycomb sandwich structures with waste filler material." Materials Testing 58, no. 10 (October 4, 2016): 833–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/120.110927.

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12

Kondratiev, Andrii, and Vitaliy Gaidachuk. "Weight-based optimization of sandwich shelled composite structures with a honeycomb filler." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 1 (January 22, 2019): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.154928.

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13

Nemish, Yu N., I. S. Sagalyuk, and D. I. Chernopiskii. "Flexural rigidity of a three-layer cylindrical shell with a honeycomb filler." Strength of Materials 26, no. 9 (September 1994): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02208522.

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14

Han, Congai, Haiyan Zhang, Danfeng Zhang, Yunfei Deng, Junyao Shen, and Guoxun Zeng. "Ultrafine FeNi3 Nanocrystals Embedded in 3D Honeycomb-Like Carbon Matrix for High-Performance Microwave Absorption." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040598.

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The reasonable design of magnetic carbon-based composites is of great significance to improving the microwave absorption (MA) performance of the absorber. In this work, ultrafine FeNi3 nanocrystals (5–7 nm) embedded in a 3D honeycomb-like carbon matrix (FeNi3@C) were synthesized via a facile strategy that included a drying and carbonization process. Because of the soft magnetic property of the FeNi3 nanocrystals and their unique 3D honeycomb-like structure, the FeNi3@C composites exhibit excellent MA abilities. When the filler loading ratio of FeNi3@C/paraffin composites is only 30 wt%, the maximum reflection loss (RL) value is −40.6 dB at 10.04 GHz. Meanwhile, an ultra-wide absorption frequency bandwidth of 13.0 GHz (5.0–18.0 GHz over −10 dB) can be obtained in the thickness range of 2.0–4.5 mm, and this means that the absorber can consume 90% of the incident waves. It benefits from the dual loss components, multiple polarizations, and multiple reflections for improving MA performances of FeNi3@C composites. These observations suggest that the 3D honeycomb-like FeNi3@C composites have broad application prospects in exploring new MA materials that have a wide frequency bandwidth and strong absorption.

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15

Medvedskiy, Aleksandr L., Mikhail I. Martirosov, Anton V. Khomchenko, and Darina V. Dedova. "Numerical analysis of the behavior of a three-layer honeycomb panel with interlayer defects under action of dynamic load." Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 17, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2021-17-4-357-365.

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The aim of the work is to study the effect of interlayer defects of the bundle type on the behavior of a rectangular flat three-layer panel with a honeycomb filler under the influence of a dynamic impact load. Methods. The problem was solved numerically using the finite element method in the Simcenter Femap and LS-DYNA (Livermore Software Technology Corp.) software complexes. For this purpose, a geometric model of a panel with a honeycomb placeholder was developed. Based on the geometric model, a finite element model of the panel was created using three-dimensional finite elements. In the software complexes, the finite element model was calculated under specified boundary conditions, then the stress fields and fracture indices in the panel were determined, taking into account and without taking into account damage. Results. The stress fields in the panel are numerically determined with and without defects. The fields of the failure indices of the panel layers under the impact load are investigated using various failure criteria (Puck, Hashin, LaRC03 (Langley Research Center)) of polymer composite materials. The analysis of the influence of a defect on the behavior of a honeycomb panel under the impact load is carried out.

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16

Rusakov, D., V. Chernushin, and A. Shelkovoy. "Theoretical and practical justification of high-precision of defects in multilayer polymer honeycomb structures by the honeycomb filler height reduction method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1636 (September 2020): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1636/1/012019.

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17

Naseer, Zainab, and Zaffar Khan. "Graphene Effect on Mechanical Properties of Sandwich Panel for Aerospace Structures." Key Engineering Materials 875 (February 2021): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.875.121.

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This research examines the mechanical properties of graphene-based polymer composites and Nomex honeycomb sandwich using a new strain sensing technique. Sandwich panels are fabricated individually with glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRP) and face-sheets having different filler ratios of graphene nanoparticles (GNPs). These graphene nanoparticles are oxidized with (UV-O3) ozone to get graphene oxide (GO) which in turn improves resin matrix interfacial strength. Filler ratios of GO 0.0%, 0.2%, 0.6% and 1.0% by weight of poly-epoxy are fabricated for the face-sheets of composite sandwich panels. Graphene-based strain sensors are synthesized having a concentration of GNPs 5% by weight of polystyrene (PS). The strain sensors are pasted on the sandwich panels and four-point bending of the sandwich beams is performed to predict its flexural strength. The response of composite under different filler ratios of graphene oxide on mechanical properties is inspected during mechanical testing of sandwich panels and the results of (PS-GNPs) strain sensors will be compared with the strains produced during mechanical testing.

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18

Zhu, Guohua, Shunfeng Li, Guangyong Sun, Guangyao Li, and Qing Li. "On design of graded honeycomb filler and tubal wall thickness for multiple load cases." Thin-Walled Structures 109 (December 2016): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.09.017.

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19

Bulkov, A. B., M. V. Semenozhenkov, V. V. Peshkov, and L. S. Kireev. "Special features of diffusion bonding of three-layer titanium structures with a honeycomb filler." Welding International 25, no. 5 (May 2011): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507116.2011.554233.

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20

Shcherbakov, V. T., Yu V. Kirillov, and A. S. Konakov. "Determination of the strength and stiffness of a light polymer honeycomb filler in shearing." Mechanics of Composite Materials 21, no. 6 (1986): 699–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00605932.

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21

Kryutchenko, V. E. "Extreme properties of reduced elastic parameters for three-layer plates with a honeycomb filler." Mechanics of Composite Materials 30, no. 3 (1994): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00616214.

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22

Abuelseoud, Mohmoud A., Asmaa S. Hamouda, Ibrahim M. Ismail, and M. A. El-Sheikh. "Nano Titania Reinforced Limestone Cement: Physico-Mechanical Investgation." Key Engineering Materials 786 (October 2018): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.786.248.

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Studying physical and mechanical properties of limestone cement pastes blended by TiO2 nanoparticles (i.e., particle size less than 100 nm). Three mixes are prepared for this study (5.00, 10.00 and 25.00 wt. % of limestone) partially replaced cement/clinker by TiO2 nanoparticles. Fillers are carefully selected which reinforcing cement workability or water retention they could be inert or have slightly hydraulic properties. Limestone is most common filler that fills the pores between cement particles due to the formation of monocarboaluminate, while nanoparticles increase the hydration C-S-H gel product and calcium titanium silicate which hardened the cement pastes. Nanoparticles show a great effect in reinforcing the mechanical strength of cement pastes due to the fact that TiO2-nanoparticles act as active nuclei site forming C-S-H gel observed as honeycomb-like plus improving cement to water demined (W/C) ratio. SEM analysis proves that the morphology of cement structure is well arranged and compacted.

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23

Komarov, V. A., and S. A. Pavlova. "Optimal design of sandwich floor panels made of high-strength composite materials considering stiffness constraints." VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering 20, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2541-7533-2021-20-2-45-52.

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The article considers the challenge of designing sandwich floor panels made of high-strength composites considering stiffness constraints. A dimensionless criterion is proposed for assessing the stiffness of floor panels. A new constraint equation determines an interrelation between geometrical parameters of composite constructions and a given criterion. A demo example and the results of designing a typical floor panel using a high-strength composite material are presented. The mass of a square meter of the structure is considered as an objective function, and the thickness of the skin and the height of the honeycomb core of a sandwich construction are considered as design variables. In order to find the optimal ratio of design variables, a graphical interpretation of the design problem is used considering strength and stiffness constraints in the design space. It is noted that the presence of restrictions on a given value of the permissible relative deflection leads to an increase in the required height of the honeycomb filler with an insignificant consumption of additional mass of the sandwich construction.

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24

Komarov, V. A., K. E. Kutsevich, S. A. Pavlova, and T. Yu Tyumeneva. "Optimization of honeycomb sandwich floor panels made of polymer-matrix low-combustible composite materials based on high-strength carbon and glass fibers and adhesive binder." VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering 19, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2541-7533-2020-19-3-51-72.

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The article deals with the task of designing aircraft honeycomb sandwich floor panels considering experimental data on the mechanical properties of new high-strength low-combustible composite materials. The developed experimental and analytical design procedure and optimization algorithm are described. The design task is formulated in terms of nonlinear mathematical programming in which the mass per square meter of the construction is the objective function. The thickness of the base layers, the height of honeycomb core and some other parameters are considered as the design variables. The proposed visual interpretation of the optimal design task allows reducing possible design solutions based on the experimental data to an enumeration of a limited number of design alternates. The article presents a demo task and the results of designing floor panes for an advanced passenger aircraft in the aisle area using a new low-combustible composite material. The floor panel is regarded as a continuous multiply supported plate loaded with distributed load. The proposed grapho-analytical method makes it possible to form the area of rational designs that differ from the optimal one in terms of mass by a specified allowable value. The performed computational and experimental analysis shows that with the use of the new material, a floor panel can be designed with base layers made of carbon or fiberglass and lightweight honeycomb filler with the mass of a square meter from 2,9 to 3,4 kg, which is the state-of-the-art.

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25

Usta, Fatih, and Halit S. Türkmen. "Experimental and numerical investigation of impact behavior of nested tubes with and without honeycomb filler." Thin-Walled Structures 143 (October 2019): 106256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.106256.

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26

Krystek, Kamil, Irena Dul, and Maciej Motyka. "Influence of vacuum brazing temperature on the microstructure of an Inconel 783 superalloy joint with a honeycomb sealing made of Hastelloy X superalloy." Welding Technology Review 91, no. 9 (November 2, 2019): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26628/wtr.v91i9.1061.

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The purpose of this work was to assess the influence ofbrazing temperature on microstructure of the cobalt-based Inconel 783 superalloy joint with nickel-based Hastelloy X superalloy ‒ seal shaped in honeycomb structure. Brazing process was combined with solution heat treatment of Inconel 783 in one operation. Nickel based brazing filler metal from BNi-2 group was used. Tests were conducted in 1121 °C (solutionizing temperature), 1075 °C and 1030 °C in 1 hour. Subsequently, metallographic investigations were made using optical and scanning electron microscopes, mainly focused on changes in a seal made of Hastelloy X, where joint erosion in higher temperature was observed.

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27

Junaidy Abdul Karim, Ivan, Sukiman B, and Muhammad Fadly Hi. Abbas. "Analysis The Effect Of Internal Geometry On The Mechanical Properties Of Acrylonitril Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Materials Prepared Using 3D Printing." E3S Web of Conferences 328 (2021): 07018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132807018.

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The process of research and refinement of Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printer, surely contains many variables and parameters with the aim of generating a 3D object with the results and the level of accuracy approaching its original design and can be applied as the expected design. In addition to the effect of printer type on the FDM method, the filament material used as a filler to print 3D objects certainly has different mechanical and physical characteristics, thus allowing for different object results for each different filament material. This research was conducted to determine the effect of internal variations of its geometry and dimensions on the mechanical properties of ABS using a 3D Printer. The internal geometries that are varied are triangle and honeycomb, with variations in thickness for each geometry are 1 mm and 2 mm, and variations in the axis of symmetry are 4.5 mm and 9 mm. The results showed that the control sample had tensile and bending strength results that matched the ABS filament datasheet reference. Objects with an internal geometry triangle in the size 4.5 mm and 2 mm of thickness have better tensile and bending strength than honeycomb geometry.

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28

Alnusirat, Walid, Alexandr Salenko, Olga Chencheva, Sergii Shlyk, Irina Gusarova, and Alexandr Potapov. "About the possibility of application of laser vacuum welding for the integration of elements of heat-protective structures from powder materials." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 5 (September 13, 2021): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2021.001998.

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The results of studying the process of laser vacuum welding of elements of heat-shielding panels made of heat-resistant dispersion-strengthened powder materials Ni-20Cr-6Al-Ti-Y2O3 of increased strength are presented. Such materials can be used to create ultralight heat-shielding panels, which are systems integrated on the surface of aircraft from typical modules of a cellular structure. Technical solutions of heat-insulating modules are considered, which are a cellular (honeycomb) structure consisting of two plates with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.14 mm, inside which there is a thin honeycomb filler. It is shown that the small thickness of the plates and the complexity of integrating the elements into a single system significantly impair the formation of a strong connection of such elements and do not allow the direct use of the known methods of diffusion welding or vacuum brazing. It has been established that laser welding of elements of heat-shielding structures in vacuum provides satisfactory strength of the structure of the heat-shielding element as a whole. Local heating at certain points prevents deformation of the parts to be joined during the welding process. The use of a pulsed Nd:Yag laser with a power of 400–500 W, operating in the frequency range of 50–200 Hz, allows welding with or without a filler powder. It was found that the use of filler additives practically does not affect the mechanical properties of the welded joint, however, it reduces the melt zone, while increasing the density of the welded joint. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that it is possible to use laser vacuum welding for the integration of thin elements of heat-shielding modules. It is shown that a satisfactory joint strength is achieved by ensuring high cleanliness of the surfaces of elements before welding, maintaining a high vacuum (less than 10–2 Pa) and rational thermal loading of the surfaces of the elements to be integrated. The use of the proposed process makes it possible to obtain a stronger and denser seam in comparison with the known methods of soldering multicomponent powder dispersion-strengthened materials

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29

Kryutchenko, V. E. "Analysis of the optimum heat-insulating properties of a three-layer plate with a honeycomb filler." Mechanics of Composite Materials 29, no. 6 (1994): 616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00616329.

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30

Bezzametnov, Oleg, Victor Mitryaikin, Valentin Khaliulin, and Ekaterina Krotova. "Developing technique for impact action resistance determining of the aircraft parts from composites with honeycomb filler." Vestnik Moskovskogo aviatsionnogo instituta 27, no. 3 (2020): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34759/vst-2020-3-111-125.

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31

Amira Syuhada Zainudin and Abdul Rahim Othman. "Thermal Stability of PALF-PP and PALF-PLA for Natural Fiber Honeycomb Core Materials." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 87, no. 1 (September 7, 2021): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.87.1.2029.

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This paper studied the thermal behaviour of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) reinforced with polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) composite, used for natural fiber honeycomb core. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis were used to measure the thermal characteristic of PALF-PP/PLA composites. In particular, the TGA analysis was utilized to measure the degradation and decomposition of materials in different composition (NF-PP/PLA (0%, 15%, 30% and 50%). The measurements were carried out in the temperature of 0oC- 900oC, at a heating rate of 10oCmin-1 and under an inert atmosphere (nitrogen gas). The temperature of DSC analysis was programmed to between 25oC- 500oC. The result shows the thermal stability of PALF-PP/PLA decreased as the PALF filler-loading increased. While from the DSC analysis this study clearly shows in the graph plot, the sample have glass transition temperature, crystallization and melting temperature. So that means the sample in this study is crystalline and amorphous domains.

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32

Hussein, Rafea Dakhil, Dong Ruan, and Jeong Whan Yoon. "An Experimental Study of Square Aluminium Tubes with Honeycomb Core Subjected to Quasi-Static Compressive Loads." Key Engineering Materials 626 (August 2014): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.626.91.

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Thin-walled honeycombs have been extensively investigated and they are often used as sandwich panels to enhance the energy absorption in many applications including vehicles. In this study, axial compressive tests at three different velocities (3, 30 and 300 mm/min, respectively) by using an MTS machine were conducted with both empty and hybrid aluminium tubes filled with aluminium honeycomb. The aim of this work is to study the contribution of aluminium honeycomb in square hybrid tubes in terms of the deformation mode and energy absorption. Square aluminium tubes made of AA 6060-T5 with two different side lengths, 40 and 50 mm, were used. Two types of honeycombs made of AA 5052 with different cell wall thicknesses were used in this study. The force and displacement of the tubes were recorded during the test. The specific energy absorption (SEA) of honeycomb-filled tubes was compared with the sum of the SEA of an empty tube and honeycomb. It was noticed that the SEA of the hybrid tubes depended on the honeycomb density and the loading velocity within the velocity range studied.

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33

Kondratiev, Andrii, and Oksana Prontsevych. "Stabilization of physical-mechanical characteristics of honeycomb filler based on the adjustment of technological techniques for its fabrication." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 1 (95) (October 5, 2018): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.143674.

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34

Pavlova, S. A. "Analysis of contact interaction of polymer honeycomb core and CFRP base layers in sandwich-core constructions." VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering 20, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2541-7533-2021-20-1-87-96.

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The article considers the challenge of studying the mechanical properties of composite sandwich constructions at the interface between the base layers and the lightweight core. The results of strength tests are presented for specimens of sandwich-core panels with coats made of high-strength carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) and polymer honeycomb core considering various loading conditions. It is noted that a discrepancy in the values of shear stresses occurs in four-point bending and shear tests due to the complex stress-strain state of the specimens during bending. In order to interpret the experimental data, numerical analysis of the area of contact interaction between the coats and the filler of the sandwich-core composite structures is carried out. It is noted that in the presence of significant normal stresses in the adhesive coat the base layers separate from the core during shear tests and there is underestimation of the values of shear stresses by about 20%. Recommendations for the assignment of ultimate shear stresses for the use in practical design of sandwich-core composite constructions are put forward.

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35

Gaydachuk, Vitaly, and Ganna Koloskova. "Mathematical modeling of strength of honeycomb panel for packing and packaging with regard to deviations in the filler parameters." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6, no. 1 (84) (December 26, 2016): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2016.85853.

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Kosenko, E. A., N. I. Baurova, and V. A. Zorin. "Steel intensity decrease of operating equipment of road machines due to use of polymer composite material with honeycomb filler." Technology of Metals 7 (July 2019): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31044/1684-2499-2019-7-0-27-31.

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37

Anoshkin, A. N., P. V. Pisarev, and D. A. Ermakov. "Influence of a Delamination Type Defect on the Operational Life of a Sound-Absorbing Structure with a Honeycomb Filler." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 731 (January 20, 2020): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/731/1/012012.

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38

Choiron, Moch Agus. "Characteristics of deformation pattern and energy absorption in honeycomb filler crash box due to frontal load and oblique load test." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 7 (104) (April 30, 2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.200020.

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Li, Zhongfang, Siyi Yang, Haile Xu, Yukun An, and Ertuan Zhao. "Study on the two-way corrugated aluminum honeycomb as a filler material in impact limiters for spent fuel transport casks." Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 56, no. 5 (March 17, 2019): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2019.1592721.

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Wang, Lei, Xiaoyu Bai, Ting Zhao, and Ying Lin. "Facile synthesis of N, S-codoped honeycomb-like C/Ni3S2 composites for broadband microwave absorption with low filler mass loading." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 580 (November 2020): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.025.

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41

Du, Jianxun, and Peng Hao. "Investigation on Microstructure of Beetle Elytra and Energy Absorption Properties of Bio-Inspired Honeycomb Thin-Walled Structure under Axial Dynamic Crushing." Nanomaterials 8, no. 9 (August 27, 2018): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8090667.

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The beetle elytra requires not only to be lightweight to make a beetle fly easily, but also to protect its body and hind-wing from outside damage. The honeycomb sandwich structure in the beetle elytra make it meet the above requirements. In the present work, the microstructures of beetle elytra, including biology layers and thin-walled honeycombs, are observed by scanning electron microscope and discussed. A new bionic honeycomb structure (BHS) with a different hierarchy order of filling cellular structure is established. inspired by elytra internal structure. Then the energy absorbed ability of different bionic models with the different filling cell size are compared by using nonlinear finite element software LS-DYNA (Livermore Software Technology Corp., Livermore, CA, USA). Numerical results show that the absorbed energy of bionic honeycomb structures is increased obviously with the increase of the filling cell size. The findings indicate that the bionic honeycomb structure with second order has an obviously improvement over conventional structures filled with honeycombs and shows great potential for novel clean energy absorption equipment.

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Zhang, Xin Chun. "Dynamic Crushing of Hexagonal Honeycombs under In-Plane Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 79 (July 2011): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.79.83.

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The in-plane dynamic crushing of hexagonal honeycombs was numerically studied by means of explicit dynamic finite element method using ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Under the assumption that the edge length and thickness were the same, the metal honeycomb models filled with convex and concave cells were established. And then the effects of expanding angle and impact velocity on the plateau stress and the energy absorption capacities of hexagonal honeycombs were discussed in detail. Numerical results show that the energy absorption capacities of convex hexagonal honeycombs are stronger than the concave ones. These results will provide some useful guides for the dynamic energy absorption design of cellular materials.

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43

Kosenko, E. A., N. I. Baurova, and V. A. Zorin. "Decreasing the Specific Amount of Metal in the Working Equipment of Road Machines Using of Polymer Composite Materials with a Honeycomb Filler." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2020, no. 13 (December 2020): 1518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029520130157.

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Petrova, Valentina A., Vladimir Y. Elokhovskiy, Sergei V. Raik, Daria N. Poshina, Dmitry P. Romanov, and Yury A. Skorik. "Alginate Gel Reinforcement with Chitin Nanowhiskers Modulates Rheological Properties and Drug Release Profile." Biomolecules 9, no. 7 (July 19, 2019): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9070291.

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Hydrogels are promising materials for various applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wastewater treatment. In this work, we designed an alginate (ALG) hydrogel containing partially deacetylated chitin nanowhiskers (CNW) as a filler. Gelation in the system occurred by both the protonation of alginic acid and the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex with deacetylated CNW surface chains. Morphological changes in the gel manifested as a honeycomb structure in the freeze-dried gel, unlike the layered structure of an ALG gel. Disturbance of the structural orientation of the gels by the introduction of CNW was also expressed as a decrease in the intensity of X-ray diffraction reflexes. All studied systems were non-Newtonian liquids that violated the Cox-Merz rule. An increase in the content of CNW in the ALG-CNW hydrogel resulted in increases in the yield stress, maximum Newtonian viscosity, and relaxation time. Inclusion of CNW prolonged the release of tetracycline due to changes in diffusion. The first phases (0–5 h) of the release profiles were well described by the Higuchi model. ALG-CNW hydrogels may be of interest as soft gels for controlled topical or intestinal drug delivery.

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Šajn, Viktor. "Semi-Analytical Multidimensional Algorithm for Aircraft Design Optimisation: Student Design Build Fly (DBF) Competition." Strojniški vestnik – Journal of Mechanical Engineering 65, no. 11-12 (November 18, 2019): 728–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/10.5545/sv-jme.2019.6459.

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The winner of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA)/Textron Aviation/Raytheon Missile Systems Design/Build/Fly (DBF) Competition 2019 was Edvard Rusjan team from Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Edvard Rusjan team use a strict scientific approach to beat opposing teams from most prestigious US Universities. Team developed a semi-analytic multidimensional algorithm for aircraft design optimization with an aim to maximize competition score in accordance with the competition rules. Two intermediate prototype models were produced and tested for single ground and three flying missions to fine tune algorithm empirical coefficients. Aircraft model aerodynamics was predicted with RANS numerical simulations and dynamic stability with Inviscid Panel method. By measurement in Low Turbulence Wind Tunnel the low drag of selected aircraft external load configuration was verified. Wing and fuselage of competition aircraft model named by Ljubljana students "Pretty Boy" were made of carbon-glass sandwich composite and Aramide honeycomb as sandwich filler. At final fly-off at TIMPA field in Tucson, in final flight mission team pilot Timotej Hofbauer with "Pretty Boy" scored 18 laps in 10 minutes time slot which was absolute record of competition. Runner-up Georgia Institute of Technology team was 22% slower and finished with 14 scored laps.

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46

Šajn, Viktor. "Semi-Analytical Multidimensional Algorithm for Aircraft Design Optimisation: Student Design Build Fly (DBF) Competition." Strojniški vestnik – Journal of Mechanical Engineering 65, no. 11-12 (November 18, 2019): 728–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2019.6459.

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The winner of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA)/Textron Aviation/Raytheon Missile Systems Design/Build/Fly (DBF) Competition 2019 was Edvard Rusjan team from Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Edvard Rusjan team use a strict scientific approach to beat opposing teams from most prestigious US Universities. Team developed a semi-analytic multidimensional algorithm for aircraft design optimization with an aim to maximize competition score in accordance with the competition rules. Two intermediate prototype models were produced and tested for single ground and three flying missions to fine tune algorithm empirical coefficients. Aircraft model aerodynamics was predicted with RANS numerical simulations and dynamic stability with Inviscid Panel method. By measurement in Low Turbulence Wind Tunnel the low drag of selected aircraft external load configuration was verified. Wing and fuselage of competition aircraft model named by Ljubljana students "Pretty Boy" were made of carbon-glass sandwich composite and Aramide honeycomb as sandwich filler. At final fly-off at TIMPA field in Tucson, in final flight mission team pilot Timotej Hofbauer with "Pretty Boy" scored 18 laps in 10 minutes time slot which was absolute record of competition. Runner-up Georgia Institute of Technology team was 22% slower and finished with 14 scored laps.

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Squibb, Carson, and Michael Philen. "Effective in-plane elastic properties of honeycomb-polymer composites." Journal of Composite Materials 56, no. 4 (November 25, 2021): 539–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219983211054782.

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Honeycomb composites are now common materials in applications where high specific stiffness is required. Previous research has found that honeycombs with polymer infills in their cells, here referred to as honeycomb-polymer composites (HPCs), exhibit effective stiffnesses greater than the honeycomb or polymer alone. Currently, the state of analytic models for predicting the elastic properties of these composites is limited, and further research is needed to better characterize the behavior of these materials. In this research, a nonlinear finite element analysis was employed to perfor2m parametric studies of a filled honeycomb unit cell with isotropic wall and infill materials. A rigid wall model was created as an upper bound on the deformable wall model’s performance, and an empty honeycomb model was employed to better understand the mechanisms of stiffness amplification. Parametric studies were completed for infill material properties and cell geometry, with the effective Young’s modulus studied in two in-plane material directions. The mechanisms by which the stiffness amplification occurs are studied, and comparisons to existing analytic models are made. It has been observed that both the volume change within the honeycomb cell under deformation and the mismatch in Poisson’s ratios between the honeycomb and infill influence the effective properties. Stiffness amplifications of over 4000 have been observed, with auxetic behavior achieved by tailoring of the HPC geometry. Additionally, the effect of large effective strains up to 10% is explored, where the cell geometry changes significantly. This research provides an important step toward understanding the design space and benefits of HPCs.

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Kondratiev, Andrii, and Michael Slivinsky. "Method for determining the thickness of a binder layer at its non-uniform mass transfer inside the channel of a honeycomb filler made from polymeric paper." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6, no. 5 (96) (December 10, 2018): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.150387.

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49

Shukla, S. P., C. D. Madhusoodana, and Rathindra Nath Das. "Honeycomb Supports, Filters and Catalysts for Cleaner Environment." Key Engineering Materials 317-318 (August 2006): 759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.317-318.759.

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The extruded honeycomb supports, porous filters and catalyst monoliths are innovative ceramic products used in environmental protection. The development and applications of these novel materials and products are mainly driven by the environmental legislation in the region, the availability of technology, the mass manufacturing facilities and the cost effectiveness. This paper highlights some of the recent innovations and challenges in ceramic materials and design, and our findings in systematic understanding and applications of the principle of fabrication of honeycomb ceramics for various air pollution control systems in India. The use of locally available platy kaolin and advanced extrusion process control using rheological parameters of the paste are advantageously adopted for production of thin walled and high thermal shock resistant cordierite honeycomb supports for catalytic converters. The low cost design of diesel particulate filter (DPF) with off board electric regeneration system is found to be very effective in reducing the particulate emission in urban transport buses and proven for more than 100,000 km on Indian roads. The Ti-WV based SCR catalyst extruded in the form of honeycomb using high surface area TiO2 has shown high NOX reduction in coal fired boiler exhaust. The preparation of high surface area honeycombs from activated carbon and zeolites with adequate mechanical strength opens up new application areas. Some of the case studies on the above products and applications are presented in this paper.

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Tschierske, C., C. Nürnberger, H. Ebert, B. Glettner, M. Prehm, F. Liu, X. B. Zeng, and G. Ungar. "Complex tiling patterns in liquid crystals." Interface Focus 2, no. 5 (December 21, 2011): 669–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0087.

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In this account recent progress in enhancing the complexity of liquid crystal self-assembly is highlighted. The discussed superstructures are formed mainly by polyphilic T-shaped and X-shaped molecules composed of a rod-like core, tethered with glycerol units at both ends and flexible non-polar chain(s) in lateral position, but also related inverted molecular structures are considered. A series of honeycomb phases composed of polygonal cylinders ranging from triangular to hexagonal, followed by giant cylinder honeycombs is observed for ternary T-shaped polyphiles on increasing the size of the lateral chain(s). Increasing the chain size further leads to new modes of lamellar organization followed by three-dimensional and two-dimensional structures incorporating branched and non-branched axial rod-bundles. Grafting incompatible chains to opposite sides of the rod-like core leads to quaternary X-shaped polyphiles. These form liquid crystalline honeycombs where different cells are filled with different material. Projected on an Euclidian plane, all honeycomb phases can be described either by uniformly coloured Archimedean and Laves tiling patterns (T-shaped polyphiles) or as multi-colour tiling patterns (X-shaped polyphiles). It is shown that geometric frustration, combined with the tendency to segregate incompatible chains into different compartments and the need to find a periodic tiling pattern, leads to a significant increase in the complexity of soft self-assembly. Mixing of different chains greatly enhances the number of possible ‘colours’ and in this way, periodic structures comprising up to seven distinct compartments can be generated. Relations to biological self-assembly are discussed shortly.

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