Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Honesty'
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Cassal, Steve Howard. ""Honesty" in Shakespeare /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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WEST, CARL. "INNER FORM - OUTER HONESTY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1116004538.
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Zhang, Shuangyue. "Is honesty the best policy? Honest but hurtful evaluative messages in romantic relationships." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1123853679.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains iii, v, 138 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-138). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Nicol, Adelheid A. M. "A measure of workplace honesty." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0010/NQ42548.pdf.
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Ananou, T. Simeon. "Academic honesty in the digital age." Thesis, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3615494.
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This quantitative study investigates cyber-plagiarism among undergraduate college students, particularly the prevalence and motives for copying and pasting unattributed sources on written assignments within the theoretically rich and broader context of self-efficacy theory.
Four-hundred-thirty-seven students from three universities completed an online survey designed to examine the relationship between cyber-plagiarism and measures of self-efficacy. A Pearson Correlation revealed no empirical evidence to support the hypothesis that students cyber-plagiarize because they lack an ability to synthesize. The results also indicated that students do not perceive cyber-plagiarism as a socially acceptable practice at their universities, and that they strongly believe in an author's ownership in the digital age. Respondents reported that they almost never participate in cyber-plagiarism, yet perceive cyber-plagiarism as a prevalent practice among their peers.
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McGuire, James Connolly. "The impact of context on honesty /." May be available electronically:, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Wong, Chin Pin. "Kato's Perturbation Theorem and honesty theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c72c308b-d96d-4e31-a854-f2a10e99eeb6.
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We study an additive perturbation theorem for substochastic semigroups which is known as Kato's Theorem. There are two previously-known generalisations of Kato's Theorem, namely for abstract state spaces and for KB-spaces. We prove a version of Kato's Theorem for a class of spaces which encompasses both, namely ordered Banach spaces with generating cone and monotone norm. We also study a property of the perturbed semigroup in Kato's Theorem known as honesty of the semigroup. We add a few results to the fairly extensive existing theory of honesty for Kato's Theorem for abstract state spaces. In light of our new generalisation of Kato's Theorem to ordered Banach spaces with monotone norm, we investigate generalising the theory of honesty to these spaces as well. The results for the general case are less complete as many of the results for the case of abstract state spaces depend on the additive norm structure of the space. We also consider some new applications of honesty theory in abstract state spaces. We begin by applying honesty theory to the study of the heat equation on graphs. We prove that honesty of the heat semigroup coincides with a concept known as stochastic completeness of the graph which has been studied independently of honesty. We then look at the application of honesty theory to quantum dynamical semigroups. We show that honesty is the natural generalisation of the concept of conservativity of quantum dynamical semigroups. Conservative quantum dynamical semigroups are known to have certain "nice" properties. We show that similar properties hold for honest semigroups using honesty theory results. Finally, we consider a form of boundary perturbations in the context of transport semigroups. There exists an analogous theory of honesty for this set-up. We formulate a general result from which honesty results of both Kato's Theorem and transport semigroups can be derived.
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Norris, Melanie K. ""The Beauty is in the Honesty"." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/44.
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Scherman, Katie. "The Creative Process: Honesty, Individuality, and Empowerment." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19245.
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This study explores a model for the creative process to facilitate an honest, individualistic, empowering human experience for the dancers and choreographer in the Higher Ed dance studio. I investigated the role of choreographer as facilitator/collaborator and dancer as creator/co-owner to formulate a model aimed at developing connection.
Over the course of eight weeks, I facilitated a creative process workshop. Eight undergraduate dance majors volunteered to be a part of the study. My evaluation was conducted through pre and post workshop interviews, self-journaling, group discussions, as well as video documentation. As a result, three themes and six sub-themes emerged from the data: Self-Realization with sub-themes of self-reflection, self-acceptance, and confidence; Safe Open Environment with sub-themes of group empathy and connection; and Using the Voice with a sub-theme of vulnerability. This model offers a safe environment geared toward using the voice, practicing vulnerability, and making individual artistic decisions.
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Okcuoglu, Dilan. "Essays on social pressure: choice and dis(honesty)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457988.
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Human behavior is strongly affected by social factors such as norms or social pressure,
and economic decision making is not an exception. The impact of self and social image
considerations is well documented in decisions ranging from contract enforcement to
labor productivity. Therefore, understanding the social and moral dimensions of
decisions remains an important topic in economic research.
This dissertation includes different approaches, theoretical models and experimental
designs, to provide insights regarding the impact of such concerns on both individual
and collective choice. In the first chapter, we are interested in the micro-foundations
of such concerns, and we explore it by extending the standard choice model to
incorporate the social environment in decision making. We define different social
environments, each with different social pressure levels a decision maker may feel
while deciding. As proposed by experimental findings from different fields of research,
the model assumes that individuals are more likely to comply with the norms when the
social pressure is higher. We provide an axiomatization of the model and suggest a
general form of utility representation. The key point of our representation is
characterized by a monotone function which captures the intuition of this compromise
in the following way: as social pressure increases the decision maker, if not more,
cannot exhibit less concern for social image. Thus, the best option should move
towards the norm. This choice data allows us to identify, although partially, the norm
that applies to the decision problem at hand.
The second chapter, takes the analysis of the previous one, one step further and let us
reveal the norm to the full extent. We investigate the behavior of many individuals
who have image concerns and have to make decisions in different social contexts.
Moreover, by releasing the strict assumption on the alternative set, we provide a
simple and natural measure of compromise rate.
The final chapter complements the dissertation with experimental data that confirms
that people are indeed take into account image considerations. Particularly, we are
interested in the impact of advice on the lying behavior of the individuals. Although we
don’t find any evidence that advice is used to manage one’s social image, it can be
utilized to ease the psychological cost of dishonest behavior.
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Nyberg, Sten. "Honesty, vanity and corporate equity : four microeconomic essays." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Institutionen för Nationalekonomi, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-1683.
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Jung, Jessica. "Truth and honesty in early modern English drama." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493076.
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'Truth' and 'honesty' were two terms that were distinctly gendered in Renaissance England. For women, 'honesty' had developed a meaning synonymous with chastity. Male 'honesty', alternately, suggested honourable and befitting words and actions. Women were also perceived as less likely than men to be telling the truth. My focus in this thesis is on a point of convergence for these two complex terms: when female characters in contemporary drama are falsely accused of dishonesty.
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Brilot, Benjamin Oliver. "Cost, honesty and information in signalling between relatives." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620042.
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Alaraj, Abdullah M. S. "Enforcing honesty in e-commerce fair exchange protocols." Thesis, Durham University, 2008. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1927/.
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The growth of the Internet attracted many users either as merchants or customers. Merchants have products and services to sell whereas customers have money to pay for these products and services. Customers normally do not trust merchants and also merchants do not trust customers. When a customer is willing to buy any product or service, they want be sure that the merchant will send them the product that they want after they make the correct payment. Similarly, a merchant will not take the risk by sending the product before the customer makes the correct payment. Therefore, the party (customer or merchant) who send their item (payment or product) first will be at risk of the misbehaviour of the other party. This problem is known as the fairness problem. The aim is to study the existing fair exchange protocols that solve the fairness problem. Then, propose more efficient protocols to solve the fairness problem. The original idea in this thesis is enforcing honesty in fair exchange protocols. The idea of enforcing honesty is applied to produce a fair exchange protocol that encourages the merchant to be honest and enforces the customer to be honest and vice versa. The thesis shows that it is not possible to enforce both the customer and the merchant to be honest at the same time. Hence, it proposes a third fair exchange protocol that encourages the customer and the merchant to be honest. The protocols make use of a Trusted Third Party (TIP) but its use is kept to minimum when disputes arise. In this respect they are optimistic fair exchange protocols. The proposed protocols have the following features: (1) only three messages are required to be exchanged between a customer and a merchant that apply the idea of enforcing a party to be honest; (2) the protocols guarantee strong fairness for both customer and merchant; (3) they allow both parties (customer and merchant) to check the correctness of the item of the other party before they send their item; (4) disputes are resolved automatically online by a Trusted Third Party (TIP); and (5) they are efficient in that they have a low number of modular exponentiations (which is the most expensive operation). Applying the idea of enforcing a party to be honest has helped in proposing efficient (air exchange protocols for the exchange of payments and digital products between customers and merchants.
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Smith, Robin Elizabeth. "Honesty, trust, and debt in Istria's wine industry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:761ebac2-4c47-4cad-99f6-9127f6bc4681.
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This thesis asks how honesty and trust in economic relationships survive pervasive debt, and how debt and trust shape business relationships in post-socialism. It does so by examining the economic transition of Istria's wine industry, and the changing relationships between various actors in the industry. It explains how production beliefs shape the industry and perceptions about how the local market is organized, and analyzes the roles of honesty, trust, and what I call reciprocal debt, in organizing business relationships. Recent reforms impacting farmer livelihoods have led to decreasing trust in local governance institutions. This is compounded by the recent protracted recession, which has constrained state institutions from creating a healthy market economy within which small businesses may develop. Instead, winemakers and farmers have increasingly attempted to organize themselves into associations to both drive the industry's professionalization and resolve systemic local market problems that the state has been unable to resolve. Meanwhile, the state is adopting European Union tax and accounting norms that strain small businesses. The state's enforcement of these reforms is interpreted locally as predatory, compounding people's disappointment with their government and transition in general. Winemakers, grape-growers, and other small businessmen are increasingly turning to alternative modes of business to try to increase the likelihood of being paid in a business environment where contracts are rarely formalized and are anyway difficult to enforce. Instead, their reliance on trust and honesty make business decisions and to enforce payment unintentionally creates new problems. Large, national corporations take advantage of such informal payment systems to manipulate the liquidity of their clients, compounding the economic problems of winemakers. However, despite these problems, Istrians continue to organize business around trust and maintain long-term business relationships characterized by debt, revealing the strength of trust and the complex role of debt in society.
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Högström, Julia, and Agnes Stenbom. "Oats and Honesty : Organisational Transparency Measured Through Audience Perceptions." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-274991.
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Our modern society posts high demands for transparency, not least regarding organisational communication. The perception that the power of defining transparency lies with the audience aimed to perceive it has reached great academic anchoring, but research on the field is thin. The Swedish lifestyle company Oatly describes itself as transparent, but with a number of hypotheses the authors of this thesis essay examine whether their audience agrees. The study also investigates which key factors are contributing to the audience’s perception of the company’s communication. The study is both theoretically and empirically based on a model created by Rawlins (2009), in which four main categories determine an organisation’s transparency; Participation, Substantial Information, Accountability and Secretive. The empirical studies (an internet survey with 346 respondents and 4 conversational interviews) offered evidence which manifests trends among the audience. Oatly’s clear and accessible communication, trustworthiness and humor turned out to be key factors contributing to the audience perceiving Oatly as very transparent. The perception of Oatly’s transparency seemed to be created when the audience interacted with the company, their friends or product packagings, rather than when they were given information through a one-way channel. This thesis essay consequently concludes with an appeal for further research on the notion of transparency to - in order to achieve validity - be put in a modern context where mobility and social interaction are central concepts.Vårt moderna samhälle ställer höga krav på transparens, inte minst när det gäller organisationskommunikation. Uppfattningen om att makten att definiera transparens ligger hos den publik tänkt att åtnjuta den har nått stark akademisk förankring, men forskningsfältet är tunnt. Det svenska livsstilsföretaget Oatly beskriver sig själva som transparenta, men med en rad hypoteser undersöker författarna av denna uppsats istället huruvida företagets publik uppfattar det som sådant , samt vilka faktorer som påverkar deras uppfattning. Studien finner både sin teoretiska och empiriska utgångspunkt i en av Rawlins (2009) sammanställd modell där fyra huvudsakliga faktorer avgör organisationers transparens: Deltagande, konkret information, pålitlighet och hemligheter. Studiens empiri (en internetenkät med 346 respondenter samt 4 djupintervjuer) erbjöd bevis som manifesterar uppenbara trender bland publiken. Oatly’s tydliga och lätttillgängliga kommunikation, produktförpackningar och humor visade sig vara centrala faktorer, och författarna når i uppsatsen slutsatsen att Oatly definieras som mycket transparenta av sin publik. Uppfattningen av Oatly’s transparens tycktes uppstå vid de tillfällen då publiken interagerade med företaget, sina vänner eller produktförpackningar, snarare än när de enbart levererades information. Uppsatsen avslutas därför med en notering om att forskning på ämnet transparens måste - för att uppnå validitet - sättas in i ett samtida kontext där mobilitet och social interaktion är centrala koncept.
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Benistant, Julien. "Three Essays in behavioral Ethics on Honesty and Fairness." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2085.
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Cette thèse contient trois essais en éthique comportementale. En utilisant des outils d’économie expérimentale et de neurophysiologie, notre travail dévoile certains déterminants sociaux et contextuels qui influencent les décisions liées à l’honnêteté ou à l’équité.Le premier chapitre examine comment les incitations compétitives influencent l’impact de l’identité sociale et de la nature du mensonge sur les comportements (mal)honnêtes. Nos résultats montrent qu’en compétition, l’identité de groupe ne joue aucun rôle, même lorsque les expérimentateurs ne peuvent observer directement le comportement des tricheurs. Cependant, les participants sont moins malhonnêtes lorsque leurs mensonges affectent directement leur adversaire que lorsqu’ils ne les affectent qu’indirectement, mais seulement lorsque l’expérimentateur ne peut pas observer directement leurs mensonges.Le deuxième chapitre examine l’effet d’être informé continuellement des performances, potentiellement malhonnête, d’une autre personne sur la malhonnêteté des individus, tant dans un contexte compétitif que non compétitif. Nos résultats montrent que, seulement en compétition, la malhonnêteté des participants n’est pas affecté par le type d’information qu’ils recoivent (continues ou finales). Cela est principalement dû au fait que, lorsqu’ils ne sont pas informés continuellment, les participants masculins surestiment la malhonnêteté de leur adversaire. Ainsi, lorsqu’ils sont informés du comportement réel de leur adversaire, ils adaptent leur comportement et trichent moins que lorsqu’ils ne sont pas informés.Enfin, le troisième chapitre examine si le fait de subir une perte ou un gain dans une tâche influe sur une décision ultérieure de partage. Conformément à nos prédictions théoriques, nous constatons que le fait de perdre de l’argent, par rapport à un point de référence, réduit la générosité des gens, tandis que l’expérience d’un gain augmente ultérieurement la générosité des individus. Contrairement à ce que l’on pourrait croire, le niveau d’excitation émotionnelle ressenti lorsque les personnes sont informées du montant reçu n’explique pas leur décision de partageThis thesis contains three essays in behavioral ethics. By using tools from experimental economics and neurophysiology our work unveils some social and contextual determinants that affect decisions related to either honesty or fairness.The first chapter investigates how competitive incentives influence the impact of both group identity and the nature of the lie on (dis)honest behavior. Our results show that under competition, group identity plays no role, even when experimenters cannot directly observe the behavior of cheaters. However, participants are less dishonest when their lies directly affect their opponent than when they affect them only indirectly but only when there is no possible scrutiny from the experimenter.The second chapter examines the effect of being continuously informed about another participant’s performance on individuals’ dishonesty in both competitive and non-competitive settings. Our results show that, only non-competitive settings, participants are more likely to be dishonest when we give them continuous information or not. The lack of effect of social information in competitive settings is mainly due to the fact that, when they are not informed, male participants overestimate their opponent’s dishonesty. Thus, when informed of their opponent’s actual behavior, they adapt their behavior and cheat less than when uninformed.Finally, the third chapter studies whether experiencing a loss or a gain in a task affects a subsequent sharing decision. Consistent with our theoretical predictions, we find that losing money compared to a reference point, reduces people’s generosity while experiencing a gain increases individuals’ subsequent generosity. Unlike expected, the level of emotional arousal when individuals are informed about whether they gained or lost money does not explain their subsequent sharing decision
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Lake, Vickie Eileen. "Exploring children's understanding of honesty, courage, hope, and responsibility /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Rydmell, Sara. "The honesty of the female sexual ornament in Gallus gallus." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Linköping University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57100.
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Bennett, Frank G. Jr. "Civil Execution in Japan : the legal economics of perfect honesty." 名古屋大学大学院法学研究科, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/5828.
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Pruckner, Gerald J., and Rupert Sausgruber. "Honesty on the Streets. A Field Study on Newspaper Purchasing." Wiley, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeea.12016.
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Many publishers use an honor system for selling newspapers in the street. We conducted a field experiment to study honesty in this market, finding that a moral reminder increases the level of honesty in payments, whereas the same message has no effect on whether one is honest. Reminding customers of the legal norm has no effect. We argue that these results are consistent with a preference for honesty, based on an internalized social norm. Auxiliary evidence suggests that the moral message remains effective when it is posted for longer periods, and even when it is removed again. (authors' abstract)
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Roncon, Vera M. D. (Vera Maria Dias) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Honesty instructions and compliance in the Carleton skills training package." Ottawa, 1993.
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Pau, Chung-chee Bruno. "A study of Li Zhi's thought : with special reference to his "tongxin shou" = Li Zhi si xiang yan jiu : yi "tong xin shuo" wei zhong xin /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38598541.
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Poon, Kai-tak, and 潘啟德. "Feeling entitled to more: ostracism increasesdishonest behavior." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50899867.
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No man is an island. Across cultures and evolutions, human beings desire to be socially accepted by groups and individuals. Having sustainable and positive social connections with others not only promote physical and psychological well-being, but they also provide easy access to important resources, such as food, protection, and information (Baumeister & Leary, 1995). Because ostracism is an aversive interpersonal experience that unjustifiably deprives people's access to important benefits and resources (e.g. Williams, 2007, 2009), ostracized people may feel that they are psychologically entitled to more internal and external rewards than others. These increased feelings of psychological entitlement may then increase their propensity to behave dishonestly.
Six experiments were conducted to examine the hypotheses that ostracism increased dishonesty through increased feelings of psychological entitlement. The results revealed that compared to included and control participants, ostracized participants indicated higher levels of dishonest intentions (Experiments 1, 2, and 5) and behaved more dishonestly in a performance task to obtain undeserved money (Experiments 3, 4 and 6). Furthermore, increased feelings of psychological entitlement mediated the effect of ostracism on dishonesty (Experiments 4 to 6). Framing ostracism as an experience that may be beneficial to the self weakened the effects of ostracism on psychological entitlement and dishonest behavior (Experiment 6).
Taken together, these findings provide the first experimental evidence that ostracism increases dishonesty. They also highlight the importance of psychological entitlement in explaining and understanding when and why ostracism increases dishonesty. The understanding of the mechanism underlying the effect of ostracism on dishonesty is useful in deciding methods to weaken the connection between ostracism, psychological entitlement and dishonest behavior. Further implications are discussed.published_or_final_version
Psychology
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Gannon, Theresa Ann. "Cognitive distortions in child sexual offenders : fact or fiction?" Thesis, University of Sussex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270552.
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Rojat, Paul-Henry. "Molière ou l'honnêteté." Villeneuve d'Ascq : Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 1997. http://books.google.com/books?id=YshcAAAAMAAJ.
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Matuszewski, Linda Jo. "Honesty in managerial reporting is it affected by perceptions of equity? /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1177333296.
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Tomasik, Andrew J. "Forms of honesty : tactile experiences and organic formation in ceramic sculpture." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1318939.
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The primary objective for this creative project is to develop a series of wheel-thrown and altered ceramic sculptures that reflect my intuitive formation process. Although the work was influenced by a wide variety of outside sources, much of the impetus was born of my personal reflections on the concept of physical touch. My actions during the creation process were governed by sensory information absorbed mostly through my hands on the clay, and enhanced by inherent properties of the material. These preliminary experiences eventually sparked a desire to share this discovery with the viewer in the same tactile way. I further wished to include observers in the exhibit in a more direct and physical way, offering participants opportunities to explore their own sense of touch and consider how they relate to the objects around them. This body of work is an in-depth study of my intuitive creative process, a model for exploring the relationships between process and materials, and a means of providing observers of visual art a chance to connect with a visual object in a tactile way.Department of Art
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MATUSZEWSKI, LINDA JO. "HONESTY IN MANAGERIAL REPORTING: IS IT AFFECTED BY PERCEPTIONS OF EQUITY?" University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1177333296.
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Kirkland, Kim D. "Academic Honesty: Is What Students Believe Different From What They Do?" Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1245345453.
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Newman, Andrew Henry. "The behavioral effect of cost targets on managerial cost reporting honesty." unrestricted, 2009. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05062009-121522/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2009.Title from file title page. Lynn Hannan, committee chair; Galen Sevcik, Kristy Towry, Larry Brown, Tim Mitchell, committee members. Description based on contents viewed Sept. 14, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82).
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Reber, Lauren Lewis. "Negotiating hope and honesty : a rhetorical criticism of young adult dystopian literature /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd720.pdf.
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McMillan, Rosalind. ""A terrible honesty" : the development of a personal voice in musical improvisation /." Connect to thesis, 1996. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000219.
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Flores, De Gracia Eric Enrique. "Early development and the honesty of aposematic signals in a poison frog." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/8170.
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The causes and consequences of variation in aposematic signals during immature stages are not clearly understood. This thesis explores the effects of early environment on the expression of aposematic signals in the green and black poison frog (Dendrobates auratus), and the consequences of variation in such components in the wild. It also explores how aposematic expression relates to levels of chemical defences in immature froglets. Embryos and larvae of poison frogs in the genus Dendrobates are known to be darkly pigmented. This thesis reports for the first time polymorphism in egg pigmentation in D. auratus and ontogenetic colour change through development reverting to a normally pigmented phenotype; however whether this pigmentation results from constraints or has adaptive consequences remains unclear. Evidence on how immature individuals allocate resources to growth and warning signalling is scarce. Experimental results in this thesis show that food supply during early environment affected body size and signal luminance in post-metamorphic froglets. Therefore the relative importance of these traits in relation to predation risk was further tested, using artificial prey in a field experiment. The results indicated that rates of attack by birds correlated negatively with body size, and on the contrary survival of artificial prey was independent of signal luminance. I therefore tested the hypothesis that in the wild larger, relatively well-nourished juvenile frogs are chemically better defended. I found that in fact larger juveniles are at a selective advantage conferred by their greater foraging efficiency and their superior levels of chemical defences. Overall, these results shows plasticity in aposematic traits in relation to early environmental nutrition in D. auratus; and suggests that acquiring large body size and similar integument colour as to adults are key determinants for survival during the early stages of their terrestrial life.
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Reber, Lauren Lewis. "Negotiating Hope and Honesty: A Rhetorical Criticism of Young Adult Dystopian Fiction." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/284.
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Young adult dystopian fictions follow the patterns established by the classic adult dystopias such as George Orwell's 1984 and Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, but not completely. Young adult dystopias tend to end happily, a departure from the nightmarish ends of Winston Smith and John Savage. Young adult authors resist hopelessness, even if the fictional world demands it.
Using a rhetorical approach established by Wayne Booth in The Rhetoric of Fiction and The Company We Keep, this thesis traces the reasons for the inclusion of hope and the strategies by which hope is created and maintained. Booth's rhetorical approach recognizes that a narrative is a relational act. At issue in this study is the consideration of what follows from viewing a narrative as a dynamic exchange between text, author and reader. Through a focus on rhetoric as identification, the responsibilities of both the author and the reader to a text are identified and discussed.
Three young adult novels, A Wrinkle in Time by Madeleine L'Engle, The Giver by Lois Lowry and Feed by M.T. Anderson will be analyzed as case studies. Together the analysis of these novels reveals that storytelling is an act of forging identifications and forming alliances. The reader becomes more than just a spectator of the author's rhetoric; the reader is a fully involved member of the interpretive and evaluative process.
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Grose, Jonathan. "Honesty and cooperation : emotions as cues and the evolution of the prisoner's dilemma." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486101.
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I argue that cooperative behaviour can evolve in a modified prisoner's dilemma (PD) that includes signalling. My broad project is one of explaining the emergence of cooperation at a societal level without Hobbesian enforcement. The strategy that I adopt is to use an evolutionary game theoretic approach to study the cultural evolution of a micro-level interaction, in this case the one-shot PD. I begin, in chapter two, by analysing Brian Skynns' model of the PD within which I find an important weakness. Any model that incorporates signalling into the PD requires an account of how the honesty of those signals is secured. Without such security, and Skynns does not address this, a deceptive strategy can invade and drive cooperation to extinction. In chapter three, therefore, I investigate mechanisms that prevent signals from being subverted, Chapter four goes on to examine empirical and theoretical literature on deception and its detection. I find that human deception detection ability is better than chance but not by an impressive margin. The study of deception detection is tightly linked to that of emotional responses. Hence I target such responses as potential signals in the PD. In chapter five I see what light recent results on the neurobiology of emotions can shed on our ability, or lack of, to produce deceptive emotional displays. I conclude that work by Joseph Ledoux and, in particular, Antonio Damasio provides an explanation of why displays are difficult to fake. I thus answer the concern 'that I initially raised about Skyrms' modified PD model. The fmal chapter buttresses my conclusion from chapter five. I demonstrate that, by considering the time of life at which common-interest and conflict-of-interest interactions occur, one can explain why the honesty of emotional displays has remained unsubverted by deceptive strategies in the long-run. Hence, I offer a response to Hobbesian scepticism about the possibility of honest cooperation.
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McCluskey, Nathan. "A Policy of Honesty: Election Manifesto Pledge Fulfilment in New Zealand 1972-2005." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2648.
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The 1980s and 1990s was a period in which dramatic changes occurred in New
Zealand’s political landscape. These changes affected many aspects of the way
democracy in New Zealand was understood and operated. In the 10 years from 1984-
1994, New Zealand moved from being a highly protected reasonably insular mixed
economy with significant levels of state intervention in most areas of the socioeconomic
framework to one with permeable borders that was quickly globalising
based on a market-model for both domestic and international business functions. This
was accompanied by a change in the electoral system from a simple majoritarian
plurality first-past-the-post system to a mixed member proportional representation
system that led to the breakdown of single-party government as it gave way to
coalition politics.
The causes of this latter shift related to a feeling that the previous system was both
unfair and gave too much power to a few individuals in one party who seemed to have
limited accountability. It was the belief of a substantial portion of the electorate that
successive governments had breached the people’s trust by ignoring unwritten
conventions around implementing an electoral mandate based on campaign manifesto
promises.
This thesis seeks for the first time to answer how real these perceptions were by
assessing pledge fulfilment before 1984, during the 1984 to 1996 period, and after the
advent of MMP, in order to reveal any changes that have occurred across this critical
period in New Zealand’s political history in relation to the application of the mandate
theory of democratic government. It will also provide insight for the first time into the
impact changing an electoral system has on election policy implementation for major
parties and raises important questions about popular ideas of democracy, electoral
support for election promise-keeping and methods of accountability as traditional
notions of democracy are challenged by the revealed reality of both government
action and voter reaction.
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Hesler, Konstantin/von [Verfasser]. "Three Economic Experiments on Norm Enforcement, Honesty, and Strategic Gaze / Konstantin von Hesler." Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1202440924/34.
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Van, Rensburg Yolandi-Eloise Jansen. "Development and validation of an implicit test of the HEXACO honesty-humility scale." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31454.
Full textAbstract:
Honesty-humility, a personality trait in the self-report HEXACO personality inventory outperforms all the traits (also those in the traditional five-factor model) in predicting integrity-related behavior. However, concerns exist that self-report personality measures are vulnerable to socially desirable responding, self-report bias, faking and being prone to testtakers’ lack of introspective accuracy. Therefore, researchers have started using implicit tests to assess personality, as it is more difficult to fake responses. The main goal of this research was to develop and validate an implicit measure for honesty-humility (IAT-HH). Chapter 2 presents the findings of a literature overview, which determined which types of implicit measures can be distinguished, how implicit constructs are operationalized and how implicit tests could be applied in practice. Prior to validating a test, establishing how the construct (predictor) relates to outcomes (criteria) is essential. Therefore, an empirical study was conducted amongst students from a South African university (N = 308). Chapter 3 reports how explicit honesty-humility and the narrow facets it comprises, relate to academic dishonesty criteria (i.e., counter-academic criteria and collegiate cheating). Results found that fairness predicted counter-academic behavior, whilst greed avoidance predicted cheating. Chapter 4 presents the findings of how the IAT-HH was developed, and the results of a second empirical study, which investigated the construct validity of the IAT-HH. In this study, data were collected amongst students from a Flemish university (N = 178) and convergent and discriminant validity were investigated (with explicit honesty-humility, social desirability, ability to identify criteria and cognitive ability). Chapter 5 reports on the criterion-related validity of the IAT-HH. Overall, results showed limited construct validity and negligible criterion-related and incremental validity and, as such, the implicit measurement of honestyhumility remains an elusive goal. Chapter 6 summarizes the key findings and implications of the research. Finally, recommendations for researchers and practitioners, who wish to employ implicit measures of honesty-humility, are outlined.
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Byle, Kevin A. "Integrity testing, personality, and self-monitoring : interpreting the personnel reaction blank." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1293371.
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Integrity tests are used as a pre-employment screening technique by companies and organizations, and the fakability of such tests remain a concern. The present study used two separate designs to analyze the fakability of the Personnel Reaction Blank (PRB), a covert integrity test, and the personality constructs predictive of honest and fake scores. This study shows that the PRB can be successfully faked. The personality constructs conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism are significantly correlated with honest integrity test scores while conscientiousness and neuroticism are predictors of faking behavior. Finally, the type of design used to examine the fakability of the PRB affects the magnitude of faking found. I conclude by discussing the theoretical and practical uses of the results and directions for future research.Department of Psychological Science
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Daniels, Steve. "Intergenerational communication and parental care in American white pelicans, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, conflict or honesty?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23268.pdf.
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Koepke, Lena, and Julia Katharina Marten. "The Relationship Between Honesty-Humility And Social Desirability: High-Stake Versus Low-Stake Situations." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74868.
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Faking in applications was found to be an important issue in which social desirability plays a relevant role. The present study brings Social Desirability Responding, Honesty-Humility, and different stakes of situations into relation. Social Desirability Responding, i.e. Communion Management and Self-Deceptive Enhancement, operationalized by the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) and Honesty-Humility (HEXACO-60) are analysed regarding their relationships and differences in and between high-stake, low-stake, and high-stake-low-framed situations. Relationships between Honesty-Humility and Communion Management were significantly positive, while no relationship between Honesty-Humility and Self-Deceptive Enhancement was found. There were also no significant differences in the constructs across situations. It was further investigated whether individuals scoring low in Honesty-Humility show different responding behaviour dependent on situational frames compared to individuals scoring high in Honesty-Humility. No significant differences were found. Results imply that Social Desirable Responding scales do not measure what they intent to, hence further research is needed. The tested high-stake-low-framed situational instruction did not significantly reduce faking. However, exploring the option of framing application situations is recommended for organizations. Further, the problematic nature of measuring Social Desirability Responding is considered.
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Mugno, Allison P. "Priming for Honesty: A Novel Technique for Encouraging Children's True Disclosures of Adult Wrongdoing." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3360.
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Children are often involved in the legal system as victims of maltreatment, and their disclosure of adult wrongdoing is necessary to initiate effective legal responses and protect them from continued abuse. However, external pressures and children's perceptions of the consequences of truth-telling (e.g., punishment, removal from the home) may result in the delay of disclosure or failure to disclose altogether. Research examining techniques for promoting children's truth-telling has almost exclusively relied on explicit requests to tell the truth (e.g., a promise, reassurance, assessments of conceptual knowledge and moral discussions), and the success of these techniques has varied. The present study examined the benefit of priming honesty (i.e., indirectly or non-consciously activating the goal of honesty) on children's disclosure of an adult's transgression. One-hundred fifteen 6- to 9-year-olds (M age = 7.47 years) participated in a first aid/safety event during which an adult (mother or stranger) engaged the child in play with a box of forbidden puppets, broke a puppet that was designed to break, and requested that the child keep it a secret. Before responding to questions about the puppets, children were either (1) primed for the goal of honesty (prime condition), (2) asked to promise to tell the truth (oath condition), or (3) not provided with any further instructions or information (control condition). Then, children were asked open-ended, direct, and suggestive questions about whether they or the adult touched, played with, or broke any puppets. Regression analyses revealed that children’s truthful disclosures to direct questions increased when children witnessed a stranger transgressing rather than their mother. However, children’s truthful disclosures across the question types did not differ by age or when a prime relative to a promise to tell the truth was used. Results advance our understanding of how children disclose negative events and the effectiveness of different techniques (including a novel technique) in encouraging children’s true disclosures of a parent or stranger’s transgression.
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Genua, Jo Anne. "Relationship Between the Grading of Reflective Journals and Student Honesty in Reflective Journal Writing." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2019. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_con_stuetd/61.
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Background: Journal writing is often used to gauge student skills and knowledge. There is disagreement as to whether journals should be graded because students may embellish experiences or write what the instructor wants to read. If students are not engaged in honest reflection, the benefit of reflective practice is reduced. Purpose: The purpose of this correlational non-experimental study was to examine if a relationship exists between the grading of reflective journals and student honesty in reflective journal writing. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework for this study was based on Schӧn’s reflective practice theory. This theoretical framework is suitable as students participate in reflective journal writing learning from experience and response to the situation, scaffolding on previous knowledge with the application of new knowledge. Methods: The correlational, non-experimental study was conducted at five Midwestern U.S. pre-licensure nursing programs. Data were collected using an anonymous survey. The non-probability sampling technique was used to examine the existence of a relationship between the grading of reflective journals and student honesty in reflective journal writing. Results: Findings indicated that a significant relationship exists between the grading of reflective journals and student honesty. The relationship between reflective journal writing and embellishment was negative and non-significant. Conclusions: This study revealed that a relationship exists between graded reflective journals and study honesty in reflective journal writing. Nurse educators and policy makers need to assess the process of reflection which involves critical thinking and problem-solving instead of grading the written component; possibly, changing to a complete/incomplete grade.
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Pak, Sim Tess, and 白嬋. "Chinese work behavior scale (CWBS): predicting counterproductivity of Chinese workforce." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29331869.
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Ferreira, Patrícia Elisabeth. "A honestidade como valor moral : uma construção possível e necessária na escola /." Bauru, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180652.
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Orientador: Rita Melissa LepreBanca: Marcia Cristina de Oliveira Mello
Banca: Patricia Unger Raphael Bataglia
Resumo: Imersos nos tenebrosos problemas de corrupção e desonestidade que nosso país enfrenta, a intenção deste trabalho é discutir as razões que levam o ser humano a tal comportamento e as possíveis formas de amenizar essa conduta, inserindo desde cedo as virtudes morais em práticas pedagógicas do contexto escolar. Assim, escolhemos o valor da honestidade para ser objeto de pesquisa deste trabalho e descrevemos quais as contribuições que o aprendizado deste valor humano pode resultar na construção da moralidade autônoma e na formação do caráter de crianças. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a importância desta temática no contexto escolar desde os primeiros anos da educação básica e suas contribuições para a formação moral do indivíduo. Desta forma, o problema de pesquisa desta investigação se apresenta como: Como a Educação Moral pode ser trabalhada em sala de aula, com educandos do 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental, com ênfase no valor humano honestidade, de maneira afetiva contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da moralidade? Diante a este questionamento, a figura do professor apresenta relevante importância, assegurando que o trabalho com valores proporcione consciência moral autônoma, gerenciando suas vidas com escolhas frente às consequências que delas advirem. O referencial teórico foi um dos grandes desafios desta pesquisa, visto que a maioria dos pesquisadores não enfatizam a honestidade como objeto de investigação, mas se debruçam nos contra valores como ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Immersed in the tenebrous problems of corruption and dishonesty that our country faces, the intention of this work is to discuss the reasons that lead the human being to such behavior and the possible ways of mitigating this conduct, by inserting during childhood the moral virtues in pedagogical practices in the school context. Thus, we choose the value of honesty to be the research object of this work and we describe the contributions of the learning of this human value in the construction of the autonomous morality and on the formation of the character of children. Thus, this research has the objective of reflecting about the importance of this topic in the school context from the earliest years of basic education and, how this contributes to the moral formation of the individual. Thus, the research question is how can Moral Education be worked in the classroom with students in the 3rd grade of Elementary School with emphasis on honesty, as human value, and effectively contributing to the development of morality? In face of this question, the teacher him/herself presents relevant importance, ensuring that by working with values help develop autonomous moral awareness and encourage students to deal in life with choices and the consequences that come from them. The theoretical framework was one of the great challenges of this research, since most researchers do not emphasize honesty as an object of investigation, but they focus on counter values such as corruption and cheatin... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Warnott, Emily Dohoney. "Lying with the Truth." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1373039036.
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Dewhurst, Therese. "Take my word for it: a new approach to the problem of sincerity in the epistemology of testimony." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002837.
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The epistemological problem of sincerity in testimony is often approached in the following way: We, as a matter of fact, accept utterances as sincere. We do so in the face of knowledge that people lie and deceive,and yet we still count these beliefs as good beliefs. Therefore there must be some reason or argument that we can cite in order to justify our acceptance of the sincerity of the speaker. In this thesis I will argue, contra this, that there is no reason, per se, that justifies our of a speakers sincerity: this is because recognition of the obligation to accept the sincerity is a necessary condition on the possibility of communication and interpretation. In the first three of the thesis I will argue against three of the main approaches to the problem by focusing on what I believe to be the strongest accounts of each: Elizabeth Fricker's reductionism, Tyler Burge's non-reductionism, and Paul Faulkner's trust account of testimony. In the final chapter I will put forward my positive account. I will argue that it is a constitutive rule of language that a speaker be sincere, and then make the further claim, that it is a constitutive rule of interpretation that the hearer take an utterance as sincere. On my account, successful communication does not just depend on a speaker making sincere utterances,but just as importantly,, on the hearer recognising an obligation to take those utterances as being sincere.
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Xu, Zhixing. "Integrating moral identity and moral judgment to explain everyday moral behavior: a dual-process model." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2014. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/69.
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A dual-process framework argues that both intuition and reflection interact to produce moral decisions. The present dissertation integrated moral identity and moral judgment to explain moral behavior from the dual-process model and its account was tested by three studies. A typical everyday moral behavior of interest in the present research was honest behavior. Participants were introduced to use their intuitive ability to predict the dice number demonstrated on a computer. The reward will base on their self-reported accuracy. Studies examined cheating behavior of individuals who had a chance to lie for money. In study 1, sixty participants with diversified background were recruited in a laboratory study. The results supported that honest behavior was more an intuitive result than a reflective outcome. Honest behavior resulted from the absence of temptation and priming moral constructs increased honest behavior. Study 2 contained two parts, in the first part, the researcher developed a Chinese version of moral identity based on Aquino and Reed’s (2002) work, in the second part, fifty-eight participants’ moral identity was investigated by the instrument in the first part. Their honest behavior was measured in the same task adopted in study 1. The result confirmed that different mechanisms led different people to behave ethically. For people who had strong moral identity, honesty resulted from the absence of temptation, while for individual with weak moral identity, honest behavior resulted from the active resistance of temptation. In study 3, moral identity and moral judgment were integrated to explain moral behavior. A Web-based survey with 437 subjects showed that the relationship between moral identity and moral judgment was significant. Individuals who viewed themselves as moral people preferred formalistic ideals to utilitarian framework when making moral judgment. The follow-up experimental study demonstrated that moral identity and moral judgment interacted together to determine moral behavior. When formalism was coupled with the motivational power of moral identity, individuals were most likely to behave morally.
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Diep, Sanh K. "The role of social interactions on the development and honesty of a signal of status." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/biology_etds/9.
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Badges of status are supposed to have insignificant production costs, so use costs are thought to be most important in ensuring signal reliability. Use costs arise from the use of the status signal in social interactions. Social experiences that arise from the use of inappropriate signals in social interactions may drive mechanisms that result in reduced fitness for inappropriate signalers. The role of social control, probing and familiarity in producing use costs was explored. There was no evidence that social control by dominants produced a cost for cheaters and no evidence that social control by subordinates produced a cost for inappropriate signaling by Trojans. Probing produced a cost for cheating when resource value was high but not when resource value was low. Familiarity had some effect on the cost and benefit of cheating but in patterns that were not predicted. Familiarity both eliminated a benefit of cheating and reduced a cost of cheating; therefore it is uncertain how familiarity affects honest signaling. The status signal of the receiver had no effect on the cost or benefits of cheating, and there was no evidence of punishment. Social experiences have the potential to affect signal development to produce a correspondence between signal and status. The effects of social experience on signal production were examined and there was little evidence that social experience influenced bib development. Neither aggression expressed nor aggression received was not predictive of bib size. Additionally, tests on the different measures of winning experience produced conflicting conclusions regarding the relationship between winning experience and bib development.