Journal articles: 'Homogeneous combustion'

1

Yang, Xiaojian, and Guoming G. Zhu. "A control-oriented hybrid combustion model of a homogeneous charge compression ignition capable spark ignition engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 226, no. 10 (May 31, 2012): 1380–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407012443334.

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To implement the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion mode in a spark ignition engine, it is necessary to have smooth mode transition between the spark ignition and homogeneous charge compression ignition combustions. The spark ignition–homogeneous charge compression ignition hybrid combustion mode modeled in this paper describes the combustion mode that starts with the spark ignition combustion and ends with the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion. The main motivation of studying the hybrid combustion mode is that the percentage of the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion is a good parameter for combustion mode transition control when the hybrid combustion mode is used during the transition. This paper presents a control oriented model of the spark ignition–homogeneous charge compression ignition hybrid combustion mode, where the spark ignition combustion phase is modeled under the two-zone assumption and the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion phase under the one-zone assumption. Note that the spark ignition and homogeneous charge compression ignition combustions are special cases in this combustion model. The developed model is capable of simulating engine combustion over the entire operating range, and it was implemented in a real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation environment. The simulation results were compared with those of the corresponding GT-Power model, and good correlations were found for both spark ignition and homogeneous charge compression ignition combustions.

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Rether, Dominik, Michael Grill, and Michael Bargende. "HC1-1 Quasi-Dimensional Modeling of Partly Homogeneous and Homogeneous Diesel Combustion(HC: HCCI Combustion,General Session Papers)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2012.8 (2012): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2012.8.386.

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Tanaka, Tatsuya, Kazuaki Narahara, Michihiko Tabata, Sadami Yoshiyama, and Eiji Tomita. "Measurement of ion current in homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion(HCCI, Combustion Processes II)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.319.

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Di Sarli, Valeria. "Stability and Emissions of a Lean Pre-Mixed Combustor with Rich Catalytic/Lean-burn Pilot." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2013-0112.

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Abstract In this work, a reactor network model was developed to study homogeneous gas-phase methane combustion taking place under typical operating conditions of lean pre-mixed combustors piloted by rich catalytic/lean-burn (RCL) systems. In particular, the thermo-kinetic interaction between the pilot stream (i.e. the stream exiting the RCL stage) and the main feeding stream to the homogeneous reactor was investigated in terms of combustion stability and emissions. The homogeneous combustor was modeled as a perfectly stirred reactor (PSR). The pilot stream was mixed with the main feeding stream prior to entering the PSR. Numerical results have shown that the opportunity to stabilize combustion is strongly linked to the presence of hydrogen in the pilot stream. Combustion stability is highly sensitive to variations in fuel split between catalytic pilot and homogeneous reactor. The increase in pilot fuel split (and, thus, in the inlet hydrogen concentration to the PSR) enlarges the operating window of stable combustion (in terms of higher heat losses, lower preheat temperatures and lower residence times), while still achieving NOx and CO emissions lower than 9 ppm (at 15% O2). These results highlight the potential of the RCL technology as a valuable alternative to conventional diffusion flame-based pilots.

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Weclas, Miroslaw. "Potential of Porous-Media Combustion Technology as Applied to Internal Combustion Engines." Journal of Thermodynamics 2010 (February 21, 2010): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/789262.

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The paper summarizes the knowledge concerning porous media combustion techniques as applied in engines. One of most important reasons of this review is to introduce this still not well known technology to researchers doing with internal combustion engine processes, thermal engines, reactor thermodynamics, combustion, and material science. The paper gives an overview of possible applications of a highly porous open cell structures to in-cylinder processes. This application means utilization of unique features of porous media for supporting engine processes, especially fuel distribution in space, vaporization, mixing with air, heat recuperation, ignition and combustion. There are three ways for applying porous medium technology to engines: support of individual processes, support of homogeneous combustion process (catalytic and non-catalytic) with temperature control, and utilization of the porous structure as a heat capacitor only. In the first type of application, the porous structure may be utilized for fuel vaporization and improved fuel distribution in space making the mixture more homogeneous in the combustion chamber. Extension of these processes to mixture formation and ignition inside a combustion reactor allows the realization of a homogeneous and a nearly zero emissions level combustion characterized by a homogeneous temperature field at reduced temperature level.

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Kannan, Chidambaram, and Thulasi Vijayakumar. "Influence of Exhaust Gas Recirculation, and Injection Timing on the Combustion, Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Cylinder Head Porous Medium Engine." Journal of Thermodynamics 2015 (October 12, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/927896.

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Homogeneous combustion has the potential of achieving both near-zero emissions and low specific fuel consumption. However, the accomplishment of homogeneous combustion depends on the air flow structure inside the combustion chamber, fuel injection conditions, and turbulence as well as ignition conditions. Various methods and procedures are being adopted to establish the homogeneous combustion inside the engine cylinder. In this research work, a highly porous ceramic structure was introduced into the combustion chamber (underside of the cylinder head). The influence of operating parameters such as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and injection timing on the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of such developed engine was investigated in this research work.

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Chidambaram, Kannan, and Tamilporai Packirisamy. "Smart ceramic materials for homogeneous combustion in internal combustion engines: A review." Thermal Science 13, no. 3 (2009): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0903153c.

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The advantages of using ceramics in advanced heat engines include increased fuel efficiency due to higher engine operating temperatures, more compact designs with lower capacity cooling system. Future internal combustion engines will be characterized by near zero emission level along with low specific fuel consumption. Homogenous combustion which realized inside the engine cylinder has the potential of providing near zero emission level with better fuel economy. However, the accomplishment of homogeneous combustion depends on the air flow structure inside the combustion chamber, fuel injection conditions and turbulence as well as ignition conditions. Various methods and procedures are being adopted to establish the homogeneous combustion inside the engine cylinder. In recent days, porous ceramic materials are being introduced inside the combustion chamber to achieve the homogeneous combustion. This paper investigates the desirable structures, types, and properties of such porous ceramic materials and their positive influence on the combustion process.

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8

Schroeder, T. B., and M. Quinn Brewster. "UNSTEADY COMBUSTION OF HOMOGENEOUS ENERGETIC SOLIDS." International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion 4, no. 1-6 (1997): 1082–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/intjenergeticmaterialschemprop..v4.i1-6.1000.

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9

SON, STEVEN F., and M. QUINN BREWSTER. "RADIATION-AUGMENTED COMBUSTION OF HOMOGENEOUS SOLIDS." Combustion Science and Technology 107, no. 1-3 (January 1995): 127–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102209508907798.

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10

Shingne, Prasad S., Jeff Sterniak, Dennis N. Assanis, Claus Borgnakke, and Jason B. Martz. "Thermodynamic model for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion with recompression valve events and direct injection: Part II—Combustion model and evaluation against transient experiments." International Journal of Engine Research 18, no. 7 (August 26, 2016): 677–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087416665052.

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This two-part article presents a combustion model for boosted and moderately stratified homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion for use in thermodynamic engine cycle simulations. The model consists of two parts: one an ignition model for the prediction of auto-ignition onset and the other an empirical combustion rate model. This article focuses on the development of the combustion model which is algebraic in form and is based on the key physical variables affecting the combustion process. The model is fit with experimental data collected from 290 discrete automotive homogeneous charge compression ignition operating conditions with moderate stratification resulting from both the direct injection and negative valve overlap valve events. Both the ignition model from part 1 and the combustion model from this article are implemented in GT-Power and validated against experimental homogeneous charge compression ignition data under steady-state and transient conditions. The ignition and combustion model are then exercised to identify the dominant variables affecting the homogeneous charge compression ignition and combustion processes. Sensitivity analysis reveals that ignition timing is primarily a function of the charge temperature, and that combustion duration is largely a function of ignition timing.

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11

Prasad, A. Renuka, Rakesh Bhandari, and Donepudi Jagadish. "Experimental Investigations of Various Modes of Charging on HCCI Engine." Journal of KONES 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0015.

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Abstract Homogeneous Charged Compression Ignition technology is most favourable or suitable for Internal Combustion engines for reducing the exhaust emissions and enhances the Thermal efficiency, improve the fuel consumption, and increase the rate of combustion. This article represents the various charging methods on HCCI technology engine; it improves the engine performance and determines the emission characteristics of HCCI technology engine. The homogeneous mixture prepared with different methods. In–cylinder internal homogeneous mixture preparation method applied in this present work. It reduces the exhaust emissions released from the combustion chamber. However, oxides of nitrogen and soot emissions are significantly reduce, because combustion starts at lower temperatures and various points in combustion chamber. The HCCI technology generates small amount of exhaust emissions and it improves the performance of the engine. In addition, performance and released emissions depends on the quality and quantity of homogeneous mixture.

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12

Yang, J. "Expanding the operating range of homogeneous charge compression ignition-spark ignition dual-mode engines in the homogeneous charge compression ignition mode." International Journal of Engine Research 6, no. 4 (August 1, 2005): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/146808705x30422.

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Vehicle fuel economy benefit through the use of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine technology depends on the range of HCCI operating conditions. The range of HCCI operating conditions also determines the frequency of combustion mode transition over vehicle drive cycles. Based on test data in a single-cylinder HCCI engine, the constraints on HCCI operating regimes were analysed, including combustion roughness and knock, combustion timing control, breathing, thermal energy for mixture autoignition, and combustion efficiency. The constraints due to inadequate thermal energy and insufficient breathing depend on the HCCI approaches employed. The operating ranges of alternative approaches to HCCI systems are quite different. For the other constraints, conventional control methods were tested and analysed to expand the range of HCCI operating conditions to higher loads, and to improve combustion efficiency at light loads.

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13

Stefanidis, Georgios D., and Dionisios G. Vlachos. "Controlling Homogeneous Chemistry in Homogeneous−Heterogeneous Reactors: Application to Propane Combustion." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 48, no. 13 (July 2009): 5962–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie801480m.

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14

Gordon, David, Christian Wouters, Shota Kinoshita, Maximilian Wick, Bastian Lehrheuer, Jakob Andert, Stefan Pischinger, and Charles R. Koch. "Homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion stability improvement using a rapid ignition system." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 10 (June 1, 2020): 1846–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087420917769.

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When compared to traditional engines, homogeneous charge compression ignition has the potential to significantly reduce NO x raw emissions, while maintaining a high fuel efficiency. Homogeneous charge compression ignition is characterized by compression-induced autoignition of a lean homogeneous air–fuel mixture. Since homogeneous charge compression ignition does not utilize direct ignition control, it is strongly dependent on the state of the cylinder charge and can suffer from high cyclic variability. With spark-assisted compression ignition, it has been demonstrated that misfires can be reduced, while preserving the high thermal efficiency of homogeneous charge compression ignition as a result of the more favorable physical mixture properties due to dilution. However, spark-assisted compression ignition reduces the NO x benefits of homogeneous charge compression ignition, as it increases the local combustion temperatures. To merge the advantages of the homogeneous charge compression ignition and the spark-assisted compression ignition combustion processes, a field-programmable gate array for detailed simulation of the physical gas exchange is combined with a rapid spark system. The low latency and computational speed of the field-programmable gate array allows the simulation process to be implemented in real time. When combined with the rapid reaction time of the high-frequency current-based rapid ignition system, a feedforward controller based on the cylinder pressure or heat release is realized. The developed model-based controller determines if a spark is required to assist the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion process. The use of the field-programmable gate array and rapid ignition system allows for the calculation of combustion properties and controller output within 0.1 °CA. This article presents the development and experimental validation of the developed controller on a single-cylinder research engine. The combustion stability has been significantly improved as reflected in an improved standard deviation of the indicated mean effective pressure and a reduction of the combustion phasing variations. Furthermore, compared to a traditional homogeneous charge compression ignition system, the hydrocarbon emissions can be reduced, while maintaining low NO x emissions.

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15

Grechishnikov, O. V., I. I. Ostapets, A. D. Roslyakov, and Y. I. Tsybizov. "Homogeneous burners of two-staged combustion chambers." VESTNIK of the Samara State Aerospace University, no. 3-1(41) (April 28, 2014): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/1998-6629-2013-0-3-1(41)-65-72.

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16

Boshoff-Mostert, L., and H. J. Viljoen. "Analysis of homogeneous combustion in monolithic structures." Chemical Engineering Science 51, no. 7 (April 1996): 1107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2509(96)80009-1.

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17

Weßlau, Markus, Michael Bargende, Simon Haas, Konstantinos Boulouchos, Gabriel Barroso, and Andreas Escher. "Homogeneous diesel combustion — Process for reducing emissions." MTZ worldwide 67, no. 10 (October 2006): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03227879.

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18

Müller, Eckart, Christian Weiskirch, Ernstwendelin Bach, Thomas Emmrich, and Arne Schneemann. "Homogeneous diesel combustion — Procedure for reducing emissions." MTZ worldwide 67, no. 11 (November 2006): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03227889.

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19

Merzhanov, A. G., and B. I. Khaikin. "Theory of combustion waves in homogeneous media." Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 14, no. 1 (January 1988): 1–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-1285(88)90006-8.

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20

Miao, Junwei. "Analysis of homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion strategy and its current application." Applied and Computational Engineering 5, no. 1 (June 14, 2023): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/5/20230626.

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Under the pressure of energy and environmental problems, peoples demand for high-efficiency and low-pollution power sources is becoming more and more urgent. In this case, the HCCI combustion engine was developed. A new combustion method combining premixed combustion gas and low-temperature combustion was developed: it relies on a uniform formed mixture by premixed combustion gas and the lower cylinder temperature when combustion happened to reduce PM and NOX emissions simultaneously. The HCCI combustion adopts high compression ratio ignition and multi-point combustion in the cylinder, which makes its lean mixture have high thermal efficiency, and the engine performance can reach a better condition.The research and development goal of HCCI technology is to surpass compression ignition and spark ignition engines in performance and emissions. Because HCCI engine has the advantages of the first two, and its emission control system only needs to rely on its own operating characteristics and emission characteristics to reduce pollutant emissions.So if HCCI combustion can be truly mature and commercialized on a large scale, it will be a major innovation in the development history of internal combustion engines.

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21

Chen, Jun Jie, and Bao Fang Liu. "Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Combustion in Hydrogen-Fueled Catalytic Microreactors." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 66 (May 2016): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.66.133.

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The hetero-/homogeneous combustion and interaction of hydrogen-fueled catalytic microreactors were investigated numerically. A two-dimensional CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model was developed, using elementary homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reaction schemes, surface radiation heat transfer, heat conduction in the solid wall, and external heat losses. Computations were carried out to study the effects of the wall thermal conductivity, equivalence ratio, microreactor dimension, and inlet velocity on combustion characteristics, flame stability, and hetero-/homogeneous interaction. Despite the micro-scale, large transverse gradients in species mass fractions and temperature exist in the fluid and large axial gradients in temperature may exist in the walls. Wall thermal conductivity is crucial in determining the flame stability, as the walls transfer heat upstream for ignition of the cold incoming reactants but at the same time are responsible for heat losses. Combustible mixtures with compositions away from the stoichiometric point decrease the homogeneous chemistry contribution and the operating temperature. The microreactor dimension and inlet velocity have a strong effect on homogeneous flame stability. Smaller microreactors result in extinction because of the inhibition of homogeneous combustion induced by heterogeneous reaction; larger microreactors result in blowout due to the reduction of the heterogeneous contribution. Hetero-/homogeneous interaction maps were constructed in terms of microreactor dimension and inlet velocity.

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Chen, Jun Jie, and Bao Fang Liu. "Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Combustion in Hydrogen-Fueled Catalytic Microreactors." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 66 (May 30, 2016): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-8o970l.

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The hetero-/homogeneous combustion and interaction of hydrogen-fueled catalytic microreactors were investigated numerically. A two-dimensional CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model was developed, using elementary homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reaction schemes, surface radiation heat transfer, heat conduction in the solid wall, and external heat losses. Computations were carried out to study the effects of the wall thermal conductivity, equivalence ratio, microreactor dimension, and inlet velocity on combustion characteristics, flame stability, and hetero-/homogeneous interaction. Despite the micro-scale, large transverse gradients in species mass fractions and temperature exist in the fluid and large axial gradients in temperature may exist in the walls. Wall thermal conductivity is crucial in determining the flame stability, as the walls transfer heat upstream for ignition of the cold incoming reactants but at the same time are responsible for heat losses. Combustible mixtures with compositions away from the stoichiometric point decrease the homogeneous chemistry contribution and the operating temperature. The microreactor dimension and inlet velocity have a strong effect on homogeneous flame stability. Smaller microreactors result in extinction because of the inhibition of homogeneous combustion induced by heterogeneous reaction; larger microreactors result in blowout due to the reduction of the heterogeneous contribution. Hetero-/homogeneous interaction maps were constructed in terms of microreactor dimension and inlet velocity.

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Bai, Jin, Qian Wang, Zhi Xia He, and Peng Gang Zhang. "Influence of Piston Initial State on HCCI Combustion in Micro Free-Piston Engine Using Experiment Images and CFD Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 1350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1350.

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The visualization experimental setup of micro free-piston engine has been built, the process of single shot compression combustion in micro combustion chamber has been observed by the high-speed digital camera; Based on the propane combustion kinetics, the numerical calculation method for combustion process coupling with the free-piston movement was put forward, through editing the dynamic mesh subroutine in STAR-CD, the process of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) in the micro chamber was studied; The influence of piston initial state on HCCI combustion process was analyzed , indicating that the piston mass directly affects the homogeneous gas compression ratio, ignition time, single combustion process cycle and the changes of combustion pressure and temperature, all this research can be the basic theories for designing the micro free piston engine .

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Kaiser, E. W., J. Yang, T. Culp, N. Xu, and M. M. Maricq. "Homogeneous charge compression ignition engine-out emission-does flame propagation occur in homogeneous charge compression ignition?" International Journal of Engine Research 3, no. 4 (August 1, 2002): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/146808702762230897.

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Engine-out emissions data [CO, CO2, speciated hydrocarbons (HC), and particulate matter (size and number density)] were obtained from a single-cylinder, 660 cm3, homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine operated on gasoline fuel using direct in-cylinder injection. Data were taken as functions of the air-fuel ratio (A/F) (30–270), r/min, inlet air temperature and fuel injection timing. Three important observations were made A sharp break occurs in the CO and CO2 emissions indices beginning near A/F = 75. Above A/F ∼ 100, CO is the primary carbon oxide while for A/F < 70, CO2 is the major carbon oxide. The HC emissions index increases linearly, beginning near A/F ∼ 30:1. Below this A/F, the HC index is characteristic of crevice emissions (∼ 3.5 per cent). These results do not prove this unequivocally, but can be explained by a mechanism in which, for A/F < 75, flame propagation occurs over relatively short distances between the multiple autoignition sites within the combustion chamber. Adiabatic compression calculations indicate that for A/F < 75, the compression temperature (∼ 1150 K) is sufficiently high to support flame propagation. The linear increase in HC emissions above that expected from crevice storage can be explained by noting that autoignition becomes more difficult as the A/F becomes leaner and fewer ignition sites are likely to exist within the combustion chamber, reducing the amount of fuel combusted. Conventional models of HCCI combustion involving multi-zone autoignition may also explain the data, but the above concept is an alternative combustion mechanism for HCCI, which should be considered. Particulate emissions at moderate load from this HCCI engine, while much lower than from a diesel, are similar to those from early-injection DISI (direct injection spark ignition) engines and should not be assumed to be negligible.

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Huang, Z., S. Shiga, T. Ueda, H. Nakamura, T. Ishima, T. Obokata, M. Tsue, and M. Kono. "Combustion characteristics of natural-gas direct-injection combustion under various fuel injection timings." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440703321645106.

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The characteristics of natural-gas direct-injection combustion under various fuel injection timings were studied by using a rapid compression machine. Results show that natural-gas direct injection can result in combustion that is much faster than homogeneous combustion while shortening the time interval between injection timing and ignition timing can markedly decrease the combustion duration. Unburned hydrocarbon would increase over a wide range of equivalence ratios, shortening the time interval between injection timing and ignition timing can decrease the value to that of homogeneous-mixture combustion. The NOx level is high but the CO level is low over a wide range of equivalence ratios and is little affected by fuel injection timing. High values of pressure rise due to combustion can be realized and it is insensitive to the variation in fuel injection timing. High combustion efficiency can be achieved, which is also independent of injection timing.

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Lacey, Joshua, Karthik Kameshwaran, Zoran Filipi, Peter Fuentes-Afflick, and William Cannella. "The effect of fuel composition and additive packages on deposit properties and homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 9 (February 7, 2019): 1631–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419828624.

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Homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion is highly dependent on in-cylinder thermal conditions that are favorable to auto-ignition, and the presence of deposits can dramatically impact the in-cylinder environment. Because fuels available at the pump can differ considerably in composition, and fuel composition and the included additive package directly affect how deposits accumulate in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine, strategies intended to bring homogeneous charge compression ignition to market must account for this fuel and additive variability. In order to investigate this impact, two oxygenated refinery stream test fuels with two different additives were run in a single cylinder homogeneous charge compression ignition engine. The two fuels had varying chemical composition; one represents a “dirty” fuel with high aromatic content that was intended to simulate a worst-case scenario for deposit growth, while the other represents a California Reformulated Gasoline Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending fuel, which is the primary constituent of pump gasoline at fueling stations across the state of California. The additive packages are typical of technologies that are commercially available to treat engine deposits. Both fuels were run in an experimental, single-cylinder homogeneous charge compression ignition engine in a passive conditioning study, during which the engine was run at steady state over a period of time in order to track changes in the homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion event as deposits accumulated in-cylinder. Both the composition and the additive influenced the structure of the combustion chamber deposit layer, but more importantly, both the rate at which the layer developed and the equilibrium thickness it achieved. The overall thickness of the combustion chamber deposit layer was found to have a significant impact on homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion phasing.

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Ortiz-Soto, Elliott A., George A. Lavoie, Margaret S. Wooldridge, and Dennis N. Assanis. "Thermodynamic efficiency assessment of gasoline spark ignition and compression ignition operating strategies using a new multi-mode combustion model for engine system simulations." International Journal of Engine Research 20, no. 3 (January 23, 2018): 304–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087417752195.

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Advanced combustion strategies for gasoline engines employing highly dilute and low-temperature combustion modes, such as homogeneous charge compression ignition and spark-assisted compression ignition, promise significant improvements in efficiency and emissions. This article presents a novel, reduced-order, physics-based model to capture advanced multi-mode combustion involving spark ignition, homogeneous charge compression ignition and spark-assisted compression ignition operating strategies. The purpose of such a model, which until now was unavailable, was to enhance existing capabilities of engine system simulations and facilitate large-scale parametric studies related to these advanced combustion modes. The model assumes two distinct thermodynamic zones divided by an infinitely thin flame interface, where turbulent flame propagation is captured using a new zero-dimensional formulation of the coherent flame model, and end-gas auto-ignition is simulated using a hybrid approach employing chemical kinetics and a semi-empirical burn rate model. The integrated model was calibrated using three distinct experimental data sets for spark ignition, homogeneous charge compression ignition and spark-assisted compression ignition combustion. The results demonstrated overall good trend-wise agreement with the experimental data, including the ability to replicate heat release characteristics related to flame propagation and auto-ignition during spark-assisted compression ignition combustion. The calibrated model was assessed using a large parametric study, where the predicted homogeneous charge compression ignition and spark-assisted compression ignition operating regions at naturally aspirated conditions were representative of those determined during engine testing. Practical advanced combustion strategies were assessed relative to idealized engine simulations, which showed that efficiency improvements up to 30% compared with conventional spark-ignition operation are possible. The study revealed that poor combustion efficiency and pumping work are the primary mechanisms for efficiency losses for the advanced combustion strategies evaluated.

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Kannan, C., and P. Tamilporai. "Smart Ceramic Materials for Homogeneous Combustion in Internal Combustion Engines - A Review." i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology 4, no. 1 (October 15, 2008): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jfet.4.1.565.

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Faravelli, Tiziano, Alessio Frassoldati, Eliseo Ranzi, Miccio Francesco, and Miccio Michele. "Modeling Homogeneous Combustion in Bubbling Beds Burning Liquid Fuels." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 129, no. 1 (February 21, 2006): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2424957.

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This paper introduces a model for the description of the homogeneous combustion of various fuels in fluidized bed combustors (FBC) at temperatures lower than the classical value for solid fuels, i.e., 850°C. The model construction is based on a key bubbling fluidized bed feature: A fuel-rich (endogenous) bubble is generated at the fuel injection point, travels inside the bed at constant pressure, and undergoes chemical conversion in the presence of mass transfer with the emulsion phase and of coalescence with air (exogenous) bubbles formed at the distributor and, possibly, with other endogenous bubbles. The model couples a fluid-dynamic submodel based on two-phase fluidization theory with a submodel of gas phase oxidation. To this end, the model development takes full advantage of a detailed chemical kinetic scheme, which includes both the low and high temperature mechanisms of hydrocarbon oxidation, and accounts for about 200 molecular and radical species involved in more than 5000 reactions. Simple hypotheses are made to set up and close mass balances for the various species as well as enthalpy balances in the bed. First, the conversion and oxidation of gaseous fuels (e.g., methane) were calculated as a test case for the model; then, n-dodecane was taken into consideration to give a simple representation of diesel fuel using a pure hydrocarbon. The model predictions qualitatively agree with some of the evidence from the experimental data reported in the literature. The fate of hydrocarbon species is extremely sensitive to temperature change and oxygen availability in the rising bubble. A preliminary model validation was attempted with results of experiments carried out on a prepilot, bubbling combustor fired by underbed injection of a diesel fuel. Specifically, the model results confirm that heat release both in the bed and in the freeboard is a function of bed temperature. At lower emulsion phase temperatures many combustible species leave the bed unburned, while post-combustion occurs after the bed and freeboard temperature considerably increases. This is a well-recognized undesirable feature from the viewpoint of practical application and emission control.

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HUNICZ, Jacek, Michał GĘCA, Paweł KORDOS, and Arkadiusz RYBAK. "Effects of combustion timing on pressure rise rates in a residual effected HCCI engine." Combustion Engines 178, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-308.

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Realization of a low temperature combustion concept in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines is a cutting-edge technology that offers clean combustion in parallel with high thermal efficiency. Low combustion temperature prevents from NOx for-mation whereas homogeneous mixture assures smokeless exhaust. However, achieving the production feasibility by HCCI technology is hampered by high pressure rise rates and the resulting combustion noise at a high load operation. This paper explores combustion tim-ing parameters that are capable of maintaining permissible levels of pressure rise rates under a high load regime. On the basis of exper-imental data collected at a high load HCCI operation, pressure rise level was correlated with combustion duration. Furthermore, com-bustion duration has been found to scale with in-cylinder volume, for which 50% of mass fraction burned appeared. The results showed quantitatively limitations of engine load, pointing out on required combustion timings to achieve acceptable combustion harshness de-pending on engine load.

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Izadi Najafabadi, Mohammad, and Nuraini Abdul Aziz. "Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion: Challenges and Proposed Solutions." Journal of Combustion 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/783789.

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Engine and car manufacturers are experiencing the demand concerning fuel efficiency and low emissions from both consumers and governments. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is an alternative combustion technology that is cleaner and more efficient than the other types of combustion. Although the thermal efficiency andNOxemission of HCCI engine are greater in comparison with traditional engines, HCCI combustion has several main difficulties such as controlling of ignition timing, limited power output, and weak cold-start capability. In this study a literature review on HCCI engine has been performed and HCCI challenges and proposed solutions have been investigated from the point view ofIgnition Timingthat is the main problem of this engine. HCCI challenges are investigated by many IC engine researchers during the last decade, but practical solutions have not been presented for a fully HCCI engine. Some of the solutions are slow response time and some of them are technically difficult to implement. So it seems that fully HCCI engine needs more investigation to meet its mass-production and the future research and application should be considered as part of an effort to achieve low-temperature combustion in a wide range of operating conditions in an IC engine.

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Wang, Jia Jun, Jun Wei Tao, Hong Da Zhang, and Jin Bo Guo. "Research on Control System of Quasi-Homogeneous Lean-Burn Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 1248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.1248.

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Quasi-homogeneous lean mixture combustion technology can take full advantages of lean-combustion, and help reduce the engine fuel consumption and emissions. Quasi-Homogeneous Lean-burn engine Control System, combined virtual instruments with engine electronic control technology, can precisely control air-fuel ratio injection, timing, fuel injection pulse and ignite on timing, which provides a reliable and convenient platform for the engine lean-burning performance tests..

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Wongwatcharaphon, Kanokkarn, and Kampanart Theinnoi. "Effect of Physical Properties of Porous Combustor on Radiant Output and Fuel-Preheated Efficiency of a Non-Sprayed Porous Burner." Applied Mechanics and Materials 421 (September 2013): 819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.421.819.

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The effect of physical properties of porous combustor on performance of a non-sprayed porous burner (NSPB) in term of radiant output and fuel-preheated efficiency is studied through numerical modeling. The homogeneous combustion of vaporised kerosene and combustion air within a porous combustor (PC) is instead of the heterogeneous combustion occurs in free space of a conventional sprayed burner. The excellent fuel evaporation without atomisation is accomplished by using porous evaporator (PE). Single global reaction combustion, sub-cooled boiling, local non-thermal equilibrium between fluid and solid phases with phase change under complex radiative heat transfer and sub-cooled boiling are considered. The parametric study of porosity and optical thickness are investigated. The study shows that the radiant output efficiency is decreased with higher porosity while the fuel-preheated efficiency quite constant. The optical thickness has no significant effect on radiant output efficiency whereas the fuel-preheated efficiency is reduced with higher optical thickness. In addition, the evaporation front zone moves deep to downstream of PE when optical thickness increases.

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André, Mathieu, Bruno Walter, Gilles Bruneaux, Fabrice Foucher, and Christine Mounaïm–Rousselle. "Exhaust gas recirculation stratification to control diesel homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion." International Journal of Engine Research 13, no. 5 (March 27, 2012): 429–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087412438338.

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A single-cylinder diesel engine was used to investigate the potential of exhaust gas recirculation dilution stratification as a control technique for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion with early direct injections. Experimental studies on both all-metal and optically accessible engines were performed to understand the processes involved when exhaust gas recirculation is introduced separately in the intake ports. Laser-induced fluorescence diagnostics were carried out in the optical engine in order to provide fuel and exhaust gas recirculation distributions. The results indicate that depending on the intake configuration, the exhaust gas recirculation stratification can be maintained until late timings corresponding to the combustion event, leading to decreased maxima of heat-release rates, as well as decreased combustion noise levels. This result suggests that exhaust gas recirculation stratification may be used as a control parameter for combustion speed and therefore may contribute to the extension of the homogeneous charge compression ignition operating range. However, although exhaust gas recirculation stratification appears to be an interesting new control technique for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion, its effect on the combustion was shown to be very sensitive to parameters such as the intake system configuration or the exhaust gas recirculation composition, showing that industrial use of this control technique requires further understanding of the physical phenomena involved.

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35

Tanaka, T., K. Narahara, M. Tabata, S. Yoshiyama, and E. Tomita. "Ion current measurement in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine." International Journal of Engine Research 6, no. 5 (October 1, 2005): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/146808705x30413.

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An ion current probe using a spark plug was applied to gasoline-fuelled homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion with hot residual gas in order to verify the possibility of using it as a combustion sensor. The ion current signal for single-cycle HCCI combustion had a simple profile and effectively one maximum value. There is a possibility that a similar ion current signal corresponding to the completed reaction can be obtained, depending on the location of the probe during HCCI combustion. The ionization reaction for HCCI combustion is affected by the chemical ionization reaction with heat release, and there is a possibility that the ion current can be used to detect heat release corresponding to the chemical ionization reaction. A strong correlation between the timing of the integrated ion current and the timing of the mass fraction burned is observed. The timing of the mass fraction burned is assumed from the timing of the integrated ion current, and the mass fraction burned (up to 70 per cent) can be determined, even if the engine driving condition changes within the scope of the test. There is a correlation between the timing of the maximum ion-current and the maximum rate of heat release, and there is a possibility that the maximum value of the rate of heat release can be inferred by detecting the timing of the maximum ion current. There is a correlation between the timing of the maximum ion current and the timing of the maximum pressure at each cycle. Therefore, it may be possible to monitor the variation of the HCCI combustion phasing.

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Wang, You Kun, Peng Cheng, Yun Kai Wang, Hua Li, and Ying Nan Guo. "Effects of Fuel Octane Number on Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Combustion with Rapid Compression Machine." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.339.

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The effects of fuel octane number (RON) on homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion were studied under different combustion boundary conditions on a rapid compression machine. The results show that the maximum pressure raise rate and maximum combustion temperature decreased as the RON increased while the start of combustion is delayed and the combustion duration is shortened at the same time.

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Mofijur, M., M. M. Hasan, T. M. I. Mahlia, S. M. Ashrafur Rahman, A. S. Silitonga, and Hwai Chyuan Ong. "Performance and Emission Parameters of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engine: A Review." Energies 12, no. 18 (September 17, 2019): 3557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12183557.

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Strict emission regulations and demand for better fuel economy are driving forces for finding advanced engines that will be able to replace the conventional internal combustion engines in the near future. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines use a different combustion technique; there are no spark plugs or injectors to assist the combustion. Instead, when the mixtures reach chemical activation energy, combustion auto-ignites in multiple spots. The main objective of this review paper is to study the engine performance and emission characteristics of HCCI engines operating in various conditions. Additionally, the impact of different fuels and additives on HCCI engine performance is also evaluated. The study also introduces a potential guideline to improve engine performance and emission characteristics. Compared to conventional compression ignition and spark ignition combustion methods, the HCCI combustion mode is noticeably faster and also provides better thermal efficiency. Although a wide range of fuels including alternative and renewable fuels can be used in the HCCI mode, there are some limitation/challenges, such as combustion limited operating range, phase control, high level of noise, cold start, preparation of homogeneous charge, etc. In conclusion, the HCCI combustion mode can be achieved in existing spark ignition (SI) engines with minor adjustments, and it results in lower oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and soot emissions, with practically a similar performance as that of SI combustion. Further improvements are required to permit extensive use of the HCCI mode in future.

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Rudin, Thomas, and Sotiris E. Pratsinis. "Homogeneous Iron Phosphate Nanoparticles by Combustion of Sprays." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 51, no. 23 (June 2012): 7891–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie202736s.

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39

Alam, Imran, David H. West, and Vemuri Balakotaiah. "Bifurcation analysis of thermally coupled homogeneous–heterogeneous combustion." Chemical Engineering Journal 280 (November 2015): 293–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.05.084.

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40

Yousefi, Amin, and Madjid Birouk. "Fuel suitability for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion." Energy Conversion and Management 119 (July 2016): 304–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.04.056.

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41

ENDO, Hiroyuki, Kengo TANAKA, Akira IMAMICHI, Yoshihiro DEGUCHI, Shigeru SHUNDO, and Eiichi MURASE. "Optical Analysis of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 69, no. 685 (2003): 2144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.69.2144.

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42

BABA, Yuya, and Fumiteru AKAMATSU. "Regime Variation of Spray Combustion on Homogeneous Turbulence." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 71, no. 712 (2005): 3060–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.71.3060.

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43

El Tahry, S. H. "A turbulent-combustion model for homogeneous charge engines." Combustion and Flame 79, no. 2 (February 1990): 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(90)90038-s.

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44

Brewster, Q. "Quasi-steady combustion modeling of homogeneous solid propellants." Combustion and Flame 103, no. 1-2 (October 1995): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(95)00075-h.

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45

Najihah, A. R., A. A. Nuraini, and Othman Inayatullah. "An Analytical Model of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine for Performance Prediction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 564 (June 2014): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.564.8.

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A zero dimensional thermodynamic model simulation is developed to simulate the combustion characteristics and performance of a four stroke homogeneous compression combustion ignition (HCCI) engine fueled with gasoline. This model which applies the first law of thermodynamics for a closed system is inclusive of empirical model for predicting the important parameters for engine cycles: the combustion timing and mass burnt fraction during the combustion process. The hypothesis is the increasing intake temperature can reduce the combustion duration and the fuel consumption at wide range of equivalence ratio. The intake temperature were increased from 373-433 K with increment of 20 K. The engine was operated over a range of equivalence ratios of 0.2 to 0.5 at constant engine speed of 1200 rpm and intake pressure of 89,950 k Pa. Simulations were performed using Simulink® under different engine operating conditions. Increasing intake temperature allows reducing the combustion duration by 0.99 °CA and 0.26 °CA at equivalence ratios of 0.2 and 0.5, respectively. The brake specific fuel consumption decreases about 6.09%-5.76% at 0.2-0.5 of equivalence ratios. Thus, fuel consumption can be reduced by increasing intake temperature.

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46

Chaudhari, R. R., and P. R. Gharde. "Experimental Investigation of Combustion Characteristics of Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition Engine." IRA-International Journal of Technology & Engineering (ISSN 2455-4480) 7, no. 2 (S) (July 10, 2017): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jte.icsesd201723.

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In diesel compression ignition engine, simultaneous reduction of NOx and PM is extremely challenging task. The most favorable solution for this is HCCI. It is an impulsive auto ignition of very lean air fuel mixture at multiple sites. It has advantages of both CI and SI engines. It also gives higher thermal efficiency like CI engines, higher ROHR, minimum DOC and has no flame propagation and mainly it has simultaneous control over NOx as well as PM. The combustion of homogeneous mixture in HCCI combustion helps in reducing DOC because of higher ROHR. The present experiment is conducted on engine having two cylinders; they are made to operate on HCCI and conventional CI mode respectively. Both DI and PI systems were used simultaneously to investigate the performance characteristics. The toughest part is to prepare homogeneous mixture for combustion. As the diesel is a low volatile fuel, the preparation of homogeneous mixture is difficult therefore diesel vaporizer comes into picture. EGR is used to control the ROHR. To investigate the combustion characteristics experiment was performed at different relative air fuel ratios (λ). The DOC and ROHR is increases with increasing λ. EGR dilutes the homogeneous mixture and leads to minimum NOx emission by keeping maximum temperature in cylinder low. The increased boost pressure is responsible for short DOC and high rate of combustion. Also the indicated mean effective pressure is improved by 3% by DI method as compared to PI in HCCI.

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47

Su, Wanhua, Bin Liu, Hui Wang, and Haozhong Huang. "Effects of Multi-Injection Mode on Diesel Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Combustion." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 129, no. 1 (March 24, 2006): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2204977.

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Early injection, well before top dead center (TDC), has perhaps been the most commonly investigated approach to obtain homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion in a direct-injection (DI) diesel engine. However, wall wetting due to overpenetration of the fuel spray can lead to unacceptable amounts of unburned fuel and removal of lubrication oil. Another difficulty of diesel HCCI combustion is the control of combustion phasing. In order to overcome these difficulties, a multipulse fuel injection technology has been developed for the purpose of organizing diesel HCCI combustion, by which the injection width, injection number, and the dwell time between two neighboring pulse injections can be flexibly regulated. In present paper, the effects of a series of multipulse injection modes realized based on the prejudgment of combustion requirement, on engine emissions, thermal efficiency, and cycle fuel energy distribution of diesel HCCI combustion are studied. The designed injection modes include so-called even mode, hump mode, and progressive increase mode, and each mode with five and six pulses, respectively. Engine test was conducted with these modes. The experimental results show that diesel HCCI combustion is extremely sensitive to multipulse injection modes and that thermal efficiency can be improved with carefully modulated ones. There are many modes that can reach near zero NOx and smoke emissions, but it is significant to be aware that multipulse injection mode must be carefully designed for higher thermal efficiency.

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Gordon, David, Christian Wouters, Maximilian Wick, Bastian Lehrheuer, Jakob Andert, Charles Koch, and Stefan Pischinger. "Development and experimental validation of a field programmable gate array–based in-cycle direct water injection control strategy for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion stability." International Journal of Engine Research 20, no. 10 (April 8, 2019): 1101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419841744.

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Homogeneous charge compression ignition is a part-load combustion method, which can significantly reduce oxides of nitrogen (NO x) emissions compared to current lean-burn spark ignition engines. The challenge with homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion is the high cyclic variation due to the lack of direct ignition control. A fully variable electromagnetic valve train provides the internal exhaust gas recirculation through negative valve overlap which is required to obtain the necessary thermal energy to enable homogeneous charge compression ignition. This also increases the cyclic coupling as residual gas and unburnt fuel is transferred between cycles through exhaust gas recirculation. To improve combustion stability, an experimentally validated feed-forward water injection controller is presented. Utilizing the low latency and rapid calculation rate of a field programmable gate array, a real-time calculation of residual fuel mass is implemented on a prototyping engine controller. Using this field programmable gate array–based calculation, it is possible to calculate the amount of fuel and the required control interaction during an engine cycle. This controller prevents early rapid combustion following a late combustion cycle using direct water injection to cool the cylinder charge and counter the additional thermal energy from any residual fuel that is transferred between cycles. By cooling the trapped cylinder mass, the upcoming combustion phasing can be delayed to the desired setpoint. The controller was tested at several operating points and showed an improvement in the combustion stability as shown by a reduction in the standard deviation of combustion phasing and indicated mean effective pressure.

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Szymczyk, Jacek, Ilona Cieślak, Agnieszka Jach, Rafał Pyszczek, Andrzej Teodorczyk, and Weiyu Cao. "Improvement of energy efficiency of natural gas combustion by applying a homogeneous combustion." E3S Web of Conferences 17 (2017): 00093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20171700093.

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OTOMO, Kazuomi, Satoru HORIKOSHI, Akira YAGI, Masayuki KITAMURA, and Hiroshi SASAKI. "Mluti-stage Combustion of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine by divided Combustion Chamber." Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2019.25 (2019): 19D07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2019.25.19d07.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Homogeneous combustion'

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