Academic literature on the topic 'Homo Zapiens'

Babylen Tatarsky, the protagonist in Russian writer Viktor Pelevin's novel Generation “P” (translated into English by Andrew Bromfield as Homo Zapiens), works to adapt American advertisements for the Russian market and witnesses how the reality of Russia’s tumultuous 1990s is replaced by a consumer-driven television simulation. Puns in the advertising slogans that Tatarsky translates, interspersed throughout Generation “P”, are central to its plot. Some of these puns exhibit greater sophistication than others: in addition to utilizing homonymy, homophony, homography, paronymy, and polysemy, they involve transmesis, multilingualism, and intertextuality. This article compares how Pelevin’s translators (English, German, Polish, Spanish, and French) approached these difficult puns. The objective of this comparative analysis is to demonstrate how the intertext(s) evoked through wordplay may, on the one hand, impede translation, but, on the other, open avenues for creative solutions, by producing new traces and echoes of meaning that make the act of translation possible. The issues raised by the various translations point to a need to re-examine the roles and tasks of the translator and underscore the importance of keeping the (un)translatability debate open. Ultimately, this article aims to contribute to the ongoing reconceptualization of what literary translation is and, especially, what it does: with texts, readers, literatures, and, above all, with language.

In the process of communication, we do not exchange words, but meanings. On the one hand, meaning, as a communicative category, is not limited to a single language and can be conveyed in translation by various linguistic means. On the other hand, when it comes to translation meaning losses are still unavoidable because most words of any natural language are bound to the culture behind them. The aim of this article is to analyze the ways to compensate in translation the communicative and pragmatic effect of culture-bound elements of literary text, termed within the scope of Russian translation studies as ‘associative realities’. The research is based on the novel Homo Zapiens (Penguin Books Ph, 2002) / Babylon (Faber Ph, 2001) by V. Pelevin and its translation into English, performed by A. Bromfield. The focus of the study is to analyze the functioning of English-language loanwords in the novel, which lose their nominative value and obtain a certain symbolic meaning. Serving as specific signal words emphasizing the changes in the society when the Russian people in the 1990’s found themselves disoriented and trapped between a discredited Soviet past and a banal, Westernized future, they acquire the features of culture bound elements typical for the Russian culture rather than for their source culture. The research identifies several strategies to compensate the communicative and pragmatic effects of multilingual puns in translation. The study allows us to expand our understanding of the functions of foreign loanwords in the text of a work of fiction, as well as to identify the main principles and ways of transmitting the bilingual nature of the text in translation.

Введение. Идиостиль – это система фактических и формальных характеристик, присущих произведениям конкретного автора и подлежащих обязательному воспроизведению в иноязычном переводе. Запоминающийся и узнаваемый идиостиль В. О. Пелевина является одной из причин всемирного успеха его романа «Generation „П“», переведенного на большинство европейских языков. Актуальность исследования определяется необходимостью сохранения в переводе индивидуального авторского стиля как принципиальной характеристики художественного текста.Цель исследования – выявление способов воспроизведения индивидуального стиля В. О. Пелевина при переводе романа «Generation „П“» с русского языка на английский. Материал и методы. Материалами исследования послужили оригинальный текст романа В. Пелевина «Generation „П“» и его перевод на английский язык, выполненный Э. Бромфилдом. В качестве методов использовались общенаучные методы анализа, синтеза и обобщения, а также частнонаучный метод описания.Результаты и обсуждение. Бестселлер В. Пелевина «Generation „П“» существует в рамках парадигмы пост­модернизма, для которого характерны интертекстуальность, цитатность, многоуровневость текстовой организации, стилевой синкретизм, а также целый ряд других аспектов. Однако даже на фоне разнородных общежанровых характеристик роман привлекает внимание особой эклектичностью, потенциальной неоднозначностью восприятия, игрой слов, обилием цитат и аллюзий. Перечисленные аспекты определяют специфику идиостиля В. Пелевина, характеризующегося конвергенцией выразительных средств и стилистических приемов, обилие и разноплановость которых представляют серьезную задачу для переводчика. С целью анализа передачи наиболее значимых компонентов идиостиля В. Пелевина рассмотрены репрезентативные фрагменты текста, в которых специфика авторского почерка реализуется особенно наглядно.Заключение. Обнаруженные погрешности передачи некоторых компонентов идиостиля В. Пелевина Э. Бромфилдом, возможно, связаны с неполнотой понимания многоаспектности оригинального текста, нагруженного лингвистическими средствами, приемами художественной выразительности и культурными отсылками, характеризующими авторский почерк В. Пелевина, в рамках парадигмы русского постмодернизма. Наиболее заметным упущением для передачи авторского идиостиля можно считать решение о нулевом переводе англоязычных фрагментов текста, а также нейтрализацию просторечного статуса целого ряда идиом, что отчасти затушевывает полную картину стилистического ландшафта романа. Introduction. Relevance of the research is determined by the interest of modern linguistics and translation science in search of effective ways of preserving author’s individual style in translation. Aim and objectives. The present paper attempts to discuss A. Bromfield’s ways and decisions to render the principal features of V. O. Pelevin’s individual style in “Generation P” postmodernist novel. Materials and methods. The research is based on two text sources: the Russian original text of “Generation “P”” by V. Pelevin and its English version “Homo Zapiens” (transl. A. Bromfield). The methods applied are general scientific (observation and description) and linguistic (text analysis, comparative analysis).Results and discussion. Rendering of author’s idiostyle features is one of the basic tasks of literary translation. Novel “Generation “P”” by V. Pelevin’s, marked by intertextuality and syncretism of style and narration characteristic of Russian postmodernist paradigm, strikes the reader with own specific eclecticism, word play, multi-layered picture of reality, plentiful quotations and allusiveness. The challenging attempt of Russian-English literary translation by British interpreter A. Bromfield, trying to restore V. Pelevin’s idiostyle principal features manifested in plexus of expressive means and stylistic devices, is discussed in the article. Conclusion. In authors’ view, some minor flaws in rendering of V. Pelevin’s idiostyle may be caused by incompleteness of comprehension of “Generation “P”” text, loaded by multifaceted linguistic affluence of style. The most sensitive omission for the author’s idiostyle is probably zero translation of English insertions as principal features of Pelevin’s bilingual narration, as well as the decision to neutralize some colloquialism.

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This thesis aims to analyze the role of play and games in the context of early childhood education and how does the media influence and media in children s play; tensed verify the actions of teachers and management team on the possible influence of ICT on the behavior of children aged 4-6 years, both electronic games, such as media characters. Given the infancy of the digital era, sporting, thinks and acts in direct contact with ICT, justified the need for this research, based on Kamii Moyles and on the stages of human development and the importance of play for children full training. The research adopted procedures and qualitative case study design as for being an approach that can substantiate the situations experienced within the Institution of Child Education. Survey participants were the director and coordinator of school and four teachers Childhood Education network of the Municipality of the City of Birigüi-SP. Data interpretation was developed through content analysis. The survey conducted showed that ICTs are part of everyday life for children, since children participate less of traditional sports and games in school and are more interested in handling electronic devices such as games, phones, internet and also watch TV at home. The teachers recognized the importance of play, however, that reputation was assigned only in discourse, because we did not observe the actual practice within the speeches collected through interviews. We found that the teacher lacks solid theoretical foundation to pursue their practice, through training teachers, in order to provide quality learning resources for their students.
A presente dissertação teve como objetivo analisar o papel das brincadeiras e jogos no contexto da Educação Infantil e como ocorre a influência da mídia e multimídia no brincar infantil; Tencionou verificar as ações dos professores e equipe gestora diante das possíveis influências das TIC no comportamento de crianças na faixa etária de 4 a 6 anos, tanto por jogos eletrônicos, como por personagens midiáticos. Considerando a infância da era digital, que brinca, pensa e age em contato direto com as TIC, justificou-se a necessidade dessa pesquisa, baseando-se em Kamii e Moyles sobre as fases do desenvolvimento humano e a importância do brincar para a formação integral infantil. A pesquisa adotou procedimentos de natureza qualitativa e o estudo de caso como delineamento, por ser uma abordagem que pode fundamentar as situações vivenciadas no interior da Instituição de Educação Infantil. Os participantes da pesquisa foram: a diretora e a coordenadora escolar e quatro professores de Educação Infantil da rede da Prefeitura Municipal da Cidade de Birigui - SP. A interpretação dos dados foi desenvolvida por meio da análise de conteúdo. A investigação desenvolvida evidenciou que as TIC fazem parte do cotidiano infantil, já que as crianças participam menos das brincadeiras e jogos tradicionais na escola e se interessam mais pelo manuseio de artefatos eletrônicos como games, celulares, internet e também em assistir TV em casa. Os docentes reconheceram a importância do brincar, no entanto, esse prestígio foi atribuído somente no discurso, pois não observamos a efetiva prática dentro das falas colhidas mediante entrevista. Constatamos que o professor carece de fundamentação teórica sólida para exercer a sua prática pedagógica, por meio de capacitações docente, de modo a prover meios qualitativos de aprendizagem para seus educandos.