Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Homme – Urbanisme'

Le futur urbain est le point de commencement de l'actuel travail; Nous avons essayé d'éclaircir l'échec des projets prospectifs de l'après deuxième guerre mondiale. L'orientation des projets prospectivistes vers le tout morphologique les a écarté de la réalité historique de l'homme. Cet homme comme son environnement artificiel est condamné à uneévolution qui s'insère dans tout le parcours historique de l'humanité. Vouloir figer l'homme à un simple individu constant, malgré les mutations sociales et individuelles observées d'une décennie à une autre, est une piste erronée. Alors, afin d'éviter à la prospective urbaine le seul aspect sculptural et de lui donner une viabilité comme une science crédible, nous avons essayé de montrer la nature du rapport entre l'homme et son environnement artificiel. DE la perception biologique à l'étude de l'environnement vécu, des déterminants considérés comme le socle du vécu environnemental sont analysés et mis en lumière. L'identité, la mémoire et l'imagination environnementales représentent les trois facteurs essentiel du vécu environnemental. L'évolution historique n'a pas épargné ces facteurs essentiels. Depuis la révolution industrielle, l'environnement artificiel a connu beaucoup de mutations. L'homme de la fin du XXe siècle s'est transformé en un individu anonyme, son espace habitable s'est réduit à une série limitée de fonctions. Ce nouveau phénomène de la consommation spatiale est lié étroitement à la standardisation typologique de l'environnement artificiel, à son informatisation et à son nouveau statut de "façade-image". Alors, au lieu de s'acharner à garder la ville comme unique issue du futur environnemental, pourquoi ne pas s'intéresser à l'essentiel, c'est à dire à ce qui lie l'homme à son environnement. Si l'environnement artificiel évolue et se diversifie, quel avenir pour l'identité, la mémoire et l'imagination?

Cette thèse analyse la vie et la carrière de Louis de Mondran (Seysses, 1699 - Toulouse, 1792), amateur d’art, urbaniste, membre de l’Académie royale de peinture, sculpture et architecture de Toulouse, dont il fut l’un des membres fondateurs. Elle est accompagnée d’une édition critique des Mémoires manuscrits de Louis de Mondran, ainsi que des Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire de l’Académie royale de peinture, sculpture et architecture de Toulouse
This thesis centers on the life and career of Louis de Mondran (Seysses, 1699 – Toulouse, 1792). Mondran was an art amateur, urbanist, and member of Toulouse’s Académie royale de peinture, sculpture et architecture, of which he was one of the founders. This work is completed by a critical edition of Mondran’s memoirs, as well as of the Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire de l’Académie royale de peinture, sculpture et architecture

Thesis: M. Arch., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Page 123 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-122).
In an increasingly toxic world where the average person's body contains 29/35 of the toxins listed on the restricted and hazardous substance list, toxicity is unavoidable. This thesis asks how toxins can re-imagined to become active agents in design. Through the negotiation between hard and soft boundaries this work speculates on an architecture of gradients, densities, and velocities to produce temporal spaces of occupation. The year is 2024. Humanity has settled in a condition of toxic urbanism, contained by the toxic wastelands of the periphery. The Anthropocene has wreaked havoc and produced a world of toxins. Early estimates of the exponential destruction caused by our toxic landscapes of production were misled by constantly shifting metrics of toxicity provided by different agencies, bureaus, and offices. Our remediation efforts were too slow, too costly, and failed to produce any agency in the age of toxicity.We continued to produce superfund sites across the country. Landscapes of toxic air, contaminated soil and polluted water became our second nature. As we shifted from one machine age to the next, the continued autonomy provided to production landscapes allowed increasingly more toxic means of production to be developed, this methodology assured there would be no post-toxic future. Within the confines of toxic urbanism, people suited up in protective suits every day. They wore protection more for peace of mind than protection of body. As we destroyed the land, the interior was perfected, continuous halls stocked with machinery created a perfectly sterile environment that defined people's lives, the sprawling mechanized interiors of the no-stop city had finally been realized. We had come a long way. Ever since humanity created the cave fire, toxins had been part of our environment. The hearth, originally acted as both an object of environment and an object of culture. As we followed the flames into modernism we found ourselves in a state of homelessness explicated by the dichotomy between our technological culture and its toxic means of production. Heidegger, described the sensation as Heimatlosigkeit, the signification of our existential orientation in the era of Gestell. Humanity has however always been a risk adverse society, and as they began to reject the sterile environments of safety for toxic environments of experience agency was produced in the design of toxins. In an increasingly toxic world, this thesis explores how toxins can become active participants and drivers for the production of temporal spaces defined by the hard and soft boundaries they operate within. Architectural interests in materiality and dimension are replaced in favor of velocities, gradients, and densities that define zones of occupiability.
by Maxwell A. Jarosz.
M. Arch.

La recherche en paysage habite le dehors mentalement. Le paysage, celui qui nous émeut ou nous dégoûte, sensoriel, est envisagé ici comme une fiction concrète du corps en voyage. Éprouvée, par les voies multiples qui escortent le paysage à chaque traversée, j’interroge la validité de cet objet d’étude. Et si le paysage échappait aussitôt à chaque essai de capture ? Et comment ses multiples formes se resserrent-elles autour de soi pour nicher une complétude de l’être ? C’est ici que peut se formuler une conception du paysage comme celle d’un tissu, non plus seulement déployé sur le fond géographique mais emprisonnant dans sa fibre les corps et âme de chaque être. Le dehors, comme habitat de chaque créature, n’est plus purement un environnement, il devient un paysage. Proposer des exercices d’accès au dehors, pour pouvoir adresser le paysage de manière collective, est l’objectif de ce travail de thèse. C’est dans le contexte où habiter n’est plus proclamé par un paysage d’accueil que mon travail cherche à remettre le corps en exercice, puis en capacité d’évaluer un paysage. Un paysage se dé- clare à la fois par des représentations et des façons. Les unes traitent des expressions, les autres des matières. Entre la locution et la substance, qu’est-ce qui fait motif ? Le corps est-il susceptible de s’avancer vers le paysage et celui-ci a-t-il des ressources pour le recevoir ? Dans une première partie, plutôt que le texte déployé et discuté par des voix dissidentes, je mets en jeu des mots clefs proposés par l’enseignement pour l’élaboration d’un discours. A l’angle de la recherche et de la pratique, je construis ma thèse depuis ma place de paysagiste praticienne et enseignante du projet de paysage à L’ENSP de Versailles. Je m’appuie sur une critique de « Mouvance, 50 mots pour le paysage » proposée en 1999 par six chercheurs en paysage qui ont construit une première proposition théorique. Après un exposé, ils sont mis en débat avec un lexique construit lors des quatre années de la préparation de cette thèse. J’éprouve enfin, avec mes étudiants, la vitalité de ces mots dans des lieux de paysage ou des situations de pratiques professionnelles afin de construire sur une base vivifiée, le corpus même de ce qui peut s’exprimer en paysage. Ces termes sont la base abstraite de travaux pédagogiques conduits sur le terrain présenté dans une seconde partie. Le Parc des Lilas, à Vitry-sur-Seine est le cadre d’étude des exercices donnés dans des ateliers de projets de paysage sur lesquels travaillent mes étudiants. Ce parc, amorcé en 1980, est en cours d’agencement. Sans effet de signature, il ne trouve pas son nom, est qualifié d’inattendu, d’alias, de tempo. Des qualités lui confèrent sa substance : il devient un produit allochtone en son propre lieu. Sa chronique permet de mettre au jour une façon mobile d’accréditer le paysage d’un lieu. Le parc des Lilas sert d’appui à l’épreuve de définition des termes du lexique et se mesure à la pensée du Parc, en tant qu’objet de paysage produit. La proposition, développée en troisième partie, place le corps dans un acte de perception pour expertiser le paysage. Le protocole de recherche, immédiat, se définit à partir des produits successifs du geste, du discours oral, puis de la production écrite. La production est celle de la recherche en marche, arrêtée, glosée ; elle même projetant plus loin l’énoncé. Je présente ici une notice pour l’usage du commentaire composé de paysage (CCP), un avatar vers le projet en pédagogie appliquée. Proposition d’innovation pédagogique où protocoles et préalables participent à la remise de l’énoncé. Niveaux de langue et niveaux d’abstraction ne sont plus des obstacles à un entendement du paysage. Le CCP tient le cadre d’un don du paysage à une population entière. Réel et imaginaire revigorés sont redistribués par le jeu de leur apparition. Corps et paysage s’alimentent en une « physiologie du paysage » qui s’enseigne par fréquentation
The research in landscape mentally inhabits the outside. The landscape, the one which moves us or disgusts us, sensory, is here envisaged as a realistic fction of the traveling body. Experienced with the multiple paths which go alongside the landscape with each crossing, I question the validity of this research topic. What if the landscape escaped straight away at each attempt to capture it? How do its multiple shapes gather around themselves to nest the wholeness of one being? Here, we can try to phrase a conception of the landscape as a fabric, not only spread at a geographical level but also imprisoning in its fbers the body and the soul of each being. The outside, as the habitat of each creature, is no longer just an environment, but becomes a landscape. Suggesting exercises to access the outside to address the landscape collectively is the aim of this Ph.D. research. It is in this context where living is no longer claimed by a welcoming landscape that my work attempts to put the body back in movement and then to render it able to assess a landscape. A landscape is expressed both through representations and ways. The former are about expressions and the latter are about materials. Between the locution and the substance, what is the pattern? Is the body susceptible to move towards the landscape and does the landscape have the resources to receive it? In the frst part, rather than a text displayed and discussed by dissident voices, I involve the keywords offered by education to develop a discourse. At a crossroad between research and practice, I build my thesis from my position as a practicing landscaper and as a landscape project teacher at the ENSP in Versailles. My work relies on a criticism of Mouvance, 50 mots pour le paysage, written in 1999 by six landscape researchers, who built a frst theoretical approach. After a presentation, their views are debated with a lexicon elaborated during the four years spent working on this thesis. At last, I test with my students the vitality of these words in different landscape places or professional practice situations, in order to build on a freshened basis the very corpus of what can be expressed in the landscape. These words are the abstract basis of feldwork teaching sessions detailed in the second part. The Parc des Lilas, in Vitry-sur-Seine is the study framework of exercises done with my students in a landscape project. This park, started in 1980, is still under arrangement. Without a signature, it has no name and is defned as unexpected, an alias, a tempo. Its qualitiesualities give it its substance: it has become allochtonous, an alien product in its own place. Its chronicles enables one to unearth a changing way to ascertain the landscape of a place. The Parc des Lilas is used as a basis for the lexicon’s defnition and evaluation of the Parc’s conception as a produced landscape. In the third part, the proposition is to place the body in a landscape in order to assess it. The research protocol is immediate and is defned from successive products of movements, of speech and then of written production. The production is that of a research in action, stopped and commented, the research itself going further than its formulation. I offer here a guide for the commentaire composé de paysage (CCP), the composed commentary of the landscape, an avatar towards educational applied project, a proposition of educational innovation, where protocols and prerequisites are part of the formulation. Linguistic and abstraction levels are no longer obstacles to understanding the landscape. The CCP is the frame of a landscape offered to everyone. The real and the imaginary are redistributed as they appear. Body and landscape feed into a «landscape physiology», which is taught through attendance

Les rapports entre les Sociétés et la Nature, ainsi que leurs représentations, ont beaucoup évolué au fil des siècles, en fonction des contextes philosophiques, économiques, politiques et religieux dominants ; ils sont passés d’un mode dominé par la crainte, l’exclusion, les conflits d’intérêts à celui de maîtrise et enfin de respect et d’équilibre. Aujourd’hui, l’Homme-Citadin prend conscience, après des siècles à vouloir dominer la Nature, la mettre en « normes», qu’il a simplement détruit son aspect originel mais qu’elle est toujours omniprésente. Des processus historiques tels que l’urbanisation de masse ou l’industrialisation reposant sur l’exploitation des ressources du sous-sol, ont cependant pris le pas sur de nombreux espaces de nature qui ont été détruits ou gommés ou encore exploités à des fins économiques. Depuis les années 1990, nous parlons de développement durable comme d’une nouvelle philosophie qui nous conduirait vers un monde plus équilibré entre les volontés politiques économiques, sociales, culturelles et environnementales. Mais comment cela se traduit-il concrètement sur le territoire ? Comment les communes de l’ancien bassin minier du Nord-Pas-de-Calais adhèrent elles aux politiques environnementales "novatrices" et en particulier à celle de la réinsertion de la nature en ville ? Quel modèle de ville et de société voulons-nous créer pour les générations futures ? Avons-nous un réel questionnement de réinsertion de la Nature dans nos territoires urbains ou nous limitons-nous à reproduire des schémas qui relèvent davantage du marketing urbain? Comment la Nature urbaine est-elle pensée, sous quelles formes ?
The connections between Societies and Nature, as well as their representations, have evolved much throughout centuries; they did so according to prevailing philosophical, economic, political and religious contexts. They switched from a method led by apprehension, exclusion, conflict of interest and finally to a form of respect and balance. Today, the Urban-Man starts to realize, after centuries trying to rule and to normalize Nature, that he has just destroyed its original aspect but that it’s still omnipresent. Historical processes, such as mass urbanization or industrialization relying on the exploitation of subsoil resources, have however gained the upper hand over natural places which have been destroyed or erased or still have been exploited for economic purpose. Since the 1990s mainly, and particularly in France, we talk about sustainable development as a new philosophy which would lead us towards a world where the political, economic, social, cultural and environmental volition would be more balanced. But how is this actually implemented on the territory? How do the towns of the former mining area in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais cope with the “innovative” environmental policies, in particular with the notion reinserting nature in the city? What type of town and society do we want to create for the future generations? Do we have a real questioning about the reinsertion of Nature in our urban territories or do we limit ourselves to reproducing schemes which have more to do with urban marketing? How is urban Nature conceived, under which forms?

The following thesis presents the design for a housing complex. The complex provides homes for two different segments of our population: single families and older or disabled persons and couples. Located in Old Town Alexandria Virginia, the project sits on the banks of the Potomac River. The question of integration is central to this thesis. The first design challenge is to integrate the older persons and persons with disabilities into the community. Successfully done, this will prevent the sense of separation and isolation that can often result when peopleâ s physical limitations restrict their access to the world around them. The second design challenge is to integrate the complex itself into an existing, homogenous Old Town Alexandria neighborhood.
Master of Architecture

Ce travail traite d'une partie souvent oubliée de la ville, le sous-sol peu profond qui accueille les réseaux, les racines de la végétation, les déchets urbains, à travers le cas français, parisien en particulier. Dans une première partie, on met en exergue les dysfonctionnements actuels de la pédosphère urbaine : dégradations des réseaux, de la végétation, perturbation des nappes, etc. Dans la seconde partie, on recherche les racines historiques de la perte de connaissance sur le sol urbain en analysant les doctrines scientifiques et techniques qui se succèdent du XVIIIe au XXe siècles chez les médecins, géographes et ingénieurs. On montre comment les premiers ont analysé le rôle du sol dans l'épidémiologie urbaine au XVIIIe siècle puis ont perdu cette sensibilité dès la restauration en substituant la statistique à l'observation, avant de se tourner vers le milieu intérieur à la fin du XIXe siècle. Les géographes ont permis, malgré de nombreuses difficultés, la reconnaissance de la topographie urbaine en élaborant les outils cartographiques de représentation du relief, qui sont repris par les ingénieurs des Ponts et Chaussées auxquels est confiée au XIXe siècle la rectification de la ville. On insiste sur les difficultés que rencontrent ces derniers à saisir la nature du sol, qui se traduit par la mathématisation de la poussée des terres et l'empirisme dans les techniques de fondation. Les transformations de la ville, ébauchées sous le Premier Empire, entraînent dès la Monarchie de Juillet une série de dysfonctionnements dans la gestion du sol urbain : revêtement des rues, apparition du déchet liquide. Le sol industriel n'est plus considéré pour sa valeur artisanale ou son rôle délétère mais accueille parfois les eaux usées et est ravalé au rang de filtre. Si l'automobilisme permet l'accomplissement de la ville abiotique, on souligne le désintérêt des urbanistes, des hygiénistes (rarement médecins), des mécaniciens des sols du premier XXe siècle pour le milieu urbain. Un regain d'intérêt pour le sol urbain se manifeste dans l'Entre-deux-guerres, mais dans une nouvelle perspective, celle de l'urbanisme souterrain. Ces deux siècles et demi conduisent au chaos actuel du sous-sol et traduisent non seulement la complexité de l'industrialisation du sol mais aussi le désintérêt progressif de certaines disciplines scientifiques pour la ville dans laquelle elles ont vu le jour.

"Sem resumo feito pelo autor" - O tema desta dissertação para doutoramento é a praça pública principal dos centros urbanos consolidados, em Portugal continental. Sendo a praça um dos mais complexos espaços da cidade, com múltiplos aspectos passíveis de investigação, optamos por privilegiar as questões afectas ao urbanismo e à arquitectura, referindo de raspão outros aspectos, como os mais ligados à sociologia ou antropologia. A história das cidades em particular e do país em geral, serviu-nos de base para muitas das análises parciais dos lugares. Os objectivos propostas para investigação foram, essencialmente, os seguintes: - Caracterização do processo de formação da praça principal da urbes portuguesas, considerando que é esta praça a que melhor representa a ideia de centro ou lugar privilegiado de uso da população. - Relações urbanísticas da praça com a urbe, tendo em conta a interdependência sempre existente. - Descrição das praças nos seus diversos aspectos morfológicos, tipológicos e de imagem perceptiva, em função das respectivas avaliações pessoais. - Proposta de uma grelha tipológica de praças,mediante a avaliação de um conjunto bem determinado. A realização dos anteriores pressupostos é obtida através de três vias principais de investigação assim descritas: 1º) - A caracterização sucinta do território nos seus diversos aspectos biofísicos, relevantes para a constituição e desenvolvimento das urbes. Breve abordagem à psicologia do homem português, tomando como referência a linha defendida por Jorge Dias e outros, intentando por em relevo os aspectos que, eventualmente, mais se prendem com a construção dos espaços públicos e da paisagem.urbana. 2º) - Uma incursão pela história do país, compilando variadas referências relacionadas com a praça e, principalmente, com o processo da sua constituição. Para isto socorremo-nos de importantes monografias locais existentes, infelizmente, não muitas, e de documentação da historiografia geral. Dada a vastidão deste campo de estudo, não se pretende que tenhamos levado a cabo uma compilação exaustiva, mas apenas suficiente para apoiar as posições tomadas. 3º) - Uma análise sistemática, mediante critérios seleccionados, de um universo de casos retirados de uma primeira abordagem expedita e mais abrangente, contemplando-se quarenta e seis localidades, correspondendo a cinquenta e duas praças analizadas. A síntese conclusiva resulta destas três aborda-gens, fundamentando o que se pretende seja uma caracterização da praça principal portuguesa. A dissertação organiza-se em dois volumes: o primeiro é constituído pelos capítulos correspondentes às linhas de investigação, enquanto o segundo volume contém as fichas de levantamento e análise dos locais tratados, colocadas por ordem alfabética. 0 conjunto de informações do segundo volume representa um complemento pormenorizado do primeiro, contendo a informação gráfica traduziria em plantas topográfias dos sítios e locais, imagens fotográficas, desenhos e pormenores referentes aos itens considerados e respectivos textos avaliativos. Sobre a pertinência do tema desta dissertação, as razões são diversas: - Os centros urbanos, independentemente da classificação formal de "centros históricos" ou não, podem considerar-se depositários de valores arquitectónicos, culturais, paisagísticos, etc., de real interesse para as comunidades. Na praça pública convergem os mais variados interesses de apropriação, tranformação ou de adaptação a novas realidades. Dadas as suas capacidades polarizadoras, a ela afluem, tanto a população e o trânsito automóvel, como o comércio e os serviços ou as mais diversas manifestações colectivas. É, por isto, um lugar apetecível, exposto a diversas acções, mas de que não se sabe tanto como seria desejável.

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Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
This essay discusses the concept of humanization applied in hospitals, examining its connection to the healing process and well-being, plus the link between the concept and design methods that improve architecture of hospitals and health promotion. Over time, hospital architecture has undergone various transformation supported by the evolution of medical knowledge and technology, as well as the appreciation of health and patients. The hospital went from a lifeless and absent building for an instrument to promote active assistance to medical practices and needs of its users, both physical and psychological. The shaping of this so called therapeutic places, seeks to synthesize this new hospital building dynamic that approach the figure of man and its complexities, in order to make it more receptive and personal: humanized. The careful examination of the design process and hospital production of architect Rino Levi whose thoughts are representative within the illustrated scenario reveals its close relationship with the principles of humanization in hospital architecture. Specifically, the case of Manoel Tabacow Hidal building designed by Rino Levi s team, in 1958, is deepened as the object of investigation
O presente trabalho versa sobre o conceito de humanização do espaço hospitalar, analisando sua conexão com os processos de cura e bem-estar humano, ademais seus vínculos com os métodos projetuais e o aprimoramento da arquitetura de hospitais em prol da saúde. A arquitetura hospitalar, ao longo dos tempos, atravessou variadas transformações apoiada na evolução do conhecimento médico e da tecnologia, bem como na valorização da saúde e de seus pacientes. O hospital passou de lugar inanimado e ausente para instrumento promotor de assistência ativa às práticas médicas e às necessidades tanto físicas como psicológicas de seus usuários. A formação desse espaço chamado terapêutico, busca sintetizar boa parte dessa nova dinâmica hospitalar aproximando o espaço construído à figura do homem e suas complexidades, a fim de tornálo mais receptivo e pessoal: humanizado. O atento exame do processo projetual e da produção hospitalar do arquiteto Rino Levi cujas reflexões são representativas no cenário ilustrado revela sua estreita relação com princípios de humanização do espaço hospitalar. Especificamente, o caso do Edifício Manoel Tabacow Hidal projetado por sua equipe, em 1958, é aprofundado como objeto de investigação

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Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
This research is a reflexive analysis of those paradigmatic structures, built or not, with innovative principles which turned them into references in projects and debates of Brazilian and paulista architecture for low income workers. By paradigmatic it is meant examples that have, in some fashion, contributed consistently to the developing of conceptual and architectonic landmarks influencing, in different ways, the work of other authors. Projects that have gone further than their original purposes and produced solutions that have become standard, and have thus turned into paradigms, have been analysed here. This analysis aims to reflect upon the usefulness of the persistence in treating such works as exclusive paradigms by situating them historically and to understand them in a more flexible manner.
Esta pesquisa é uma análise reflexiva, sobre aquelas arquiteturas paradigmáticas, construídas ou não, cujos princípios inovadores as tornaram referências indispensáveis no projeto e no debate das arquiteturas paulista e brasileira voltadas ao atendimento da demanda por habitação popular. São entendidos como paradigmáticos os exemplos que de alguma maneira contribuíram substancialmente para o desenvolvimento dos marcos conceituais e arquitetônicos, tendo repercutido de diferentes maneiras nas obras de outros autores. Foram estudados projetos que extrapolaram seu valor imediato e produziram soluções que se tornaram genéricas e ascenderam à categoria de paradigmas. Essa análise pretende ser uma reflexão sobre a validade da persistência em tratar essas obras como paradigmas exclusivos ao situá-las historicamente e compreendê-las de maneira mais flexível.

Spanish Mediterranean coasts are known as famous tourism destinations and have been under the construction of tourist accommodations and second home developments for several decades. These areas have faced with unsustainability symptoms resulted from the seasonality nature of mass tourism and sprawl form of urban land use. In this situation, international retirement migration has appeared as a phenomenon impacting in these coastal areas while the recent demographic projections show the increase of ageing in Europe. This fact, will generate changes in demography of international tourists of these destinations and require a specific evaluation according to elderly preferences. In such a pattern, European visitors who are retired or getting retired within 20 years are the target group of this research to seek two aims: first, evaluating the geographic-urban attributes that this person does consider in selecting the location of their desired second home, particularly for retirement period; and the second aim is evaluating their desired residential preferences. Regarding the first aim, the analysis includes evaluating the physical and quantitative urban factors that could change or influence tourists¿ evaluation toward decision of buying or renting a second home in coastal areas. These variables are categorized in built environment, socio-cultural environment and natural environment categories. In addition, the role of Mediterranean cities¿ characteristics as a probable attraction of the area in such a decision is evaluated. The second aim, refers to the residential preferences by an approach on the desirability of assisted living facilities for the second home. Moreover, regarding the seasonal use of tourist accommodation in coastal areas, as a prospective adjective, it¿s intended to assess if it¿s possible to promote a model of second home for retirees in such tourist accommodation during the low season of tourism. As the study area, Costa Brava, a famous tourism destination in the northeastern part of the Spanish Mediterranean coast, is selected in which second home has a remarkable share in its real estate market. The research by a quantitative approach is conducted through a questionnaire including listed geographic, urban and residential variables in Likert scale and 191 fulfilled questionnaires gathered. Findings showed that in addition to the natural and cultural attractions of the area, there are some attributes in built environment category indicated as important in selecting the second home area; these factors, mainly refer to the accessibility concept; for instance, maintained streets and sidewalks and the proximity to shopping and hospital. Moreover, the study focussed on people interested in having a second home in the area, to assess the attractiveness of the area for this potential second homers. Findings regarding the Mediterranean urban aspects, showed no significant interest in these aspects among this interested people. In housing typology, a high interest was indicated in detached and semi-detached house forms for desired second home, whereas development of such housings is in contrast to the traditional compact form of Mediterranean cities. Evaluating other residential preferences and desired assisted services concluded to a remarkable interest in these services and in other maintenance methods rather than self-maintenance of second homes. Results propose the possibility to develop a new model of second homes for retirees addressing further studies on transformation of actual tourist accommodations. In conclusion implications resulted from the analysis, stress the importance of elder-friendly environments and the environmental protection issues. Moreover, the significant cultural attractive attributes in this research, such as the attitude of locals proposed suggestions in public policy and regional planning.
Las Costas Mediterráneas Españolas son consideradas famosos destinos turísticos que han estado bajo la construcción de alojamientos turísticos y desarrollos de segunda residencia en épocas recientes. Estas regiones se han enfrentado a síntomas de insostenibilidad, como producto del turismo masivo con carácter estacional, y la expansión urbana. Ante esta situación, la migración internacional de jubilados ha figurado como un fenómeno impactando en estas zonas costeras mientras, las proyecciones demográficas actuales muestran el envejecimiento progresivo en Europa. Esta realidad, generará variaciones demográficas de turistas internacionales en estos destinos y requiere una evaluación específica según las preferencias de las personas mayores. Con tal patrón, los turistas europeos que se retirarán en 20 años, son el grupo objetivo de esta invetigación para objetener dos finalidades: en primer lugar, evaluar los atributos territoriales urbanos que la persona considere al seleccionar la ubicación de su segunda residencia deseada, especialmente para su período de jubilación; y en segundo lugar, evaluar sus preferencias residenciales más deseadas. Con respecto al primer propósito, el análisis incluye la evaluación de los factores urbanos, que pueden alterar o influenciar la evaluación de los turistas hacia la decisión de comprar o alquilar una segunda residencia en territorios costeros. Estas variables se clasifican en tres categorías: entorno construido, entorno sociocultural y medio ambiente. Asimismo, es evaluado el rol fundamental de las características pertenecientes a ciudades mediterráneas como probables atracciones a la zona, en el momento de la toma de decisión. Por otra parte, la segunda finalidad, alude a las preferencias residenciales enfocadas a la conveniencia de hogares de cuidados asistidos como segunda residencia. El área estudiada, Costa Brava, un destino turístico ubicado en la parte noroeste de la Costa Mediterránea Española, es elegida gracias a la proporción significativa de segundas residencias en su mercado inmobiliario. La investigación, mediante enfoque cuantitativo, se lleva a cabo a través de un cuestionario conformado por: listado territorial, variables urbanas y residenciales en escala Likert, y 191 cuestionarios cumplimentados. Los resultados demostraron que, además de las atracciones naturales y culturales del territorio, existen ciertos atributos importantes al momento de escoger el área de la segunda residencia en zonas edificadas; estos factores, se refieren principalmente al concepto de accesibilidad; por ejemplo, calles y aceras bien conservadas, así como la proximidad a hospitales y comercios. También, el estudio se enfocó en personas interesadas en tener una segunda residencia en la zona. Los resultados relacionados a los aspectos urbanos del Mediterráneo, no mostraron interés significativo en estos aspectos dentro del grupo objetivo. En la tipología de la vivienda, se señaló un gran interés en las formas de casa unifamiliar, para la segunda residencia deseada, considerando que la elaboración de este modelo se contrapone a la forma compacta tradicional de las ciudades del Mediterráneo. Evaluando otras preferencias residenciales y servicios asistenciales deseados, se concluye con el notable interés en estos servicios y en otros métodos de mantenimiento, en lugar del automantenimiento de segundas residencias. Como producto, se plantea la posibilidad de elaborar un nuevo modelo de segunda residencia para jubilados, abordando otros estudios de la transformación de los alojamientos turísticos actuales. Para concluir, las consecuencias resultantes del análisis, subrayan la importancia de entornos agradables para personas mayores y los asuntos relativos a la protección del medio ambiente. Más aún, acentúan el importante atractivo cultural atribuido en esta investigación, así como las sugerencias de politica pública y planificación regional propuestas por los nativos.

El proyecto arquitectónico a desarrollar será un albergue para niños, niñas y adolescentes, que se encuentren en estado de abandono o riesgo y cuyas edades fluctúen entre 03 y 17 años; así como, un jardín de niños diseñado a partir de una metodología alternativa de enseñanza. Y estará ubicado en el distrito de Villa el Salvador. Por último, el proyecto se complementará con áreas de recreación, áreas verdes y una biblioteca pública.
Tesis

Sur la base travail d’enquête sur la politique urbaine et les conflits locaux au Havre, cette thèse replace d'abord le cas du Havre, douzième ville française, dans le cadre des mutations urbaines contemporaines en particulier de la place stratégique des waterfronts. En se fondant sur une approche inductive la thèse aborde ensuite les transformations engagées dans les quartiers sud du Havre, notamment le quartier Saint-Nicolas, ancien épicentre de l'activité portuaire historique de la ville. Enfin la thèse s'attache à décrire et à analyser les contestations provoquées par ces politiques urbaines malgré les stratégies de concertation à partir de l'étude de cas de luttes portées par des collectifs d'habitants
Based on the fieldwork on urban policy and local conflicts in Le Havre city, this thesis first places the case of Le Havre city, in the context of contemporary urban changes, mainly the strategic position of the waterfront. Based on an inductive approach, the thesis then discusses the transformations undertaken in the southern districts of Le Havre, notably the Saint-Nicolas district, the former epicenter of the city's historical port activity. Finally, the thesis focuses on describing and analyzing the challenges provoked by these urban policies, despite the strategies of consultation based on the case studies of struggles carried out by groups of inhabitants

En Algérie, les différences entre les usages féminins et masculins des espaces publics sont habituellement considérées comme relevant de la domination spatiale et symbolique qu’exercent les hommes sur les femmes. Si les rapports de pouvoir et les conflits qu’ils sous-tendent restent utiles pour comprendre le caractère sexué de l'espace urbain algérien, ils ne permettent pas de rendre entièrement compte des transformations sociales induites par la présence grandissante des femmes hors des espaces domestiques où elles étaient traditionnellement confinées. Dans un pays traversé par des tensions politiques et sociales, cette recherche s’intéresse à l’expérience que font les femmes de l’espace du dehors et des nouvelles manières d’être et d’agir qui la caractérisent. C’est à travers une approche ethnographique des usages ordinaires de trois espaces publics de la ville de Sétif que nous avons choisi, en tant qu’architecte, d’analyser la façon dont l'espace se prête à la production de nouveaux modes de sociabilité et, plus largement, le rôle qu’il joue dans la transformation des rapports de genre
In Algeria, the differences between male and female uses of public spaces are mostly presented as the result of the spatial and symbolic domination of men over women. Although power relations and the conflicts they underlie remain useful for understanding the gendered character of the Algerian urban space, they don’t fully reflect the social transformations brought about by the growing presence of women outside domestic spaces where they were traditionally confined. In a country with political and social tensions, this research focuses on women’s experience of outer space and the new ways of being and acting that characterize it. It is through an ethnographic approach of the ordinary uses of three public spaces of the city of Sétif that we have chosen, as an architect, to examine the way space participates in the production of new modes of sociability and more broadly, the role it plays in the transformation of gender relations

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
Brazilian Housing policy has always promoted homeownership. In 1999, a new form of housing promotion was set up in the country with the PAR (Programa de Arrendamento Residencial, or residential rental programme). This is a sort of leasing, in which a right to buy is granted at the end of contract. Again, with this, the final objective is homeownership. This dissertation aims at further understanding the role of PAR in the wake of the country s housing policies of the post-BNH period, analysing the case of Jo?o Pessoa, capital city of Para?ba state. By focusing in the city, it has been possible to analyse also the impact of the programme in the dynamics of the city s urban development. Accordingly, the analysis of PAR seeks to understand the programme s operational aspects as well as its location, urban and architectural aspects. The operational aspects refer to how the programme is operated, considering the differences to the other housing programmes in the country. The urban and architectural aspects refer to location, typology and construction characteristics of housing estates produced under the scheme. This study gives a general view of the country s recent housing policy and programmes and the specific characteristics of PAR, observing also its impacts in the city development
A pol?tica habitacional brasileira caracteriza-se pela dissemina??o da ideologia da casa pr?pria. Em 1999, foi criada uma forma diferente de acesso ? moradia no pa?s, atrav?s do Programa de Arrendamento Residencial (PAR), que ? um arrendamento mercantil, ou leasing; no entanto, o novo programa continuou difundindo a ideologia da casa pr?pria, j? que, no final do contrato, ? dada ao arrendat?rio a op??o de compra. Este trabalho visa a compreender o papel do PAR no cen?rio das pol?ticas habitacionais, no per?odo p?s-BNH, por interm?dio de um estudo de caso na cidade de Jo?o Pessoa-PB. A partir da delimita??o da ?rea, foi poss?vel tamb?m estudar o programa em rela??o ? din?mica do crescimento urbano. Al?m disso, a an?lise do PAR foi dividida em duas vertentes anal?ticas: a primeira trata dos aspectos operacionais do programa; a outra ? voltada para os aspectos locacionais e arquitet?nicos das habita??es. Os aspectos operacionais se referem ? forma de funcionamento, considerando-se os elementos do PAR que o diferenciam dos demais programas de habita??o do pa?s. Os aspectos locacionais e arquitet?nicos se referem, respectivamente, ? localiza??o dos conjuntos no espa?o urbano e aos aspectos tipol?gicos e construtivos das moradias financiadas. Assim, torna-se poss?vel tra?ar o panorama da produ??o de conjuntos habitacionais e as caracter?sticas da produ??o promovida pelo PAR, observando-se suas especificidades e seus impactos na cidade

The aim of this dissertation is to study urban domesticity in Polish film and literature against the background of the political and social transformations that have taken place in recent decades. The study begins with the so-called belle époque of the Polish People’s Republic and the decade of Edward Gierek, continues through the political upheavals, the period of martial law, and the system transformation of 1989 and the two following decades, which have been marked by the introduction of democracy, global capitalism, consumerism etc. The primary sources consist of almost thirty literary and cinematic works from various genres covering a period of forty years – twenty before the system change, and twenty after. Their common denominator is their setting in the socialist housing projects (blokowisko).  The dissertation places itself in the field of geocriticism and literary/cinematic spatiality. The object of the study is the ̒social space’ (Henri Lefebvre) of the urban home, and the main analytical frames are spatial representations and narrative space, which are viewed as important in shaping both character and plot. The analysis also draws from cultural theory by Michel Foucault, Marc Augé, Mikhail Bakhtin, Mircea Eliade, and Loïc Wacquant. The dissertation detects a shift in the representations of the urban home that indicates that the home has become more private and secluded after 1989, also suggesting that a spatial and social marginalization of the socialist housing projects has occurred. These findings are interpreted as consistent with theories in human geography on changes in the perception and experience of space due to global paradigm shifts and changes in the production system.

abstract: Residential historic preservation occurs through inhabitation. Through day-to-day domesticities a suite of bodily comportments and aesthetic practices are perpetually at work tearing and stitching the historic fabric anew. Such paradoxical practice materializes seemingly incompatible relations between past and present, people and things. Through a playful posture of experience/experiment, this dissertation attends to the materiality of historic habitation vis-à-vis practices and performances in the Coronado historic neighborhood (1907-1942) in Phoenix, Arizona. Characterized by diversity in the built and social environs, Coronado defies preservation's exclusionary tendencies. First, I propose a theoretical frame to account for the amorphous expression of nostalgia, the way it seeps, tugs, and lures `historic' people and things together. I push the argument that everyday nostalgic practice and performance in Coronado gives rise to an aesthetic of pastness that draws attention to what is near, a sensual attunement of care rather than strict adherence to preservation guidelines. Drawing on the institutional legacy of Neighborhood Housing Services, I then rethink residential historic preservation in Coronado as urban bricolage, the aesthetic ordering of urban space through practices of inclusivity, temporal juxtaposition, and the art of everyday living. Finally, I explore the historic practice of home touring in Coronado as demonstrative of urban hospitality, an opening of self and neighborhood toward other bodies, critical in the making of viable, ethical urban communities. These three moments contribute to the body of literature rethinking urbanism as sensual, enchanted, and hospitable.
Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Geography 2013

The work deals with the possibility of use the traditional knowledges and methods in construction with regards to today's lifestyle and technology, emphasizes the importance of the legacy, respect for countryside, individuality and surrounding environment. Above all I try to summarize the information about the current situation in architecture of family houses, which influence dominates in this area and which choices we have. I target especially the organic architecture mainly for wood constructions. At the beginning of the work I describe the issues of present architecture. I am dealing with the question if traditional and modern way of life must be in conflict, how we change our environment today and what could be the eventual effects for the future. The second part of the work is focused on the traditional vernacular architecture in South Bohemia, especially in the Bohemian Forest (Šumava) region, on types of construction, use and processing of materials and their integration into the countryside. The final part is applied to present ecology architecture. Firstly I summarize and identify the objects in general, subsequently I focus on the wood constructions, which correspond to traditional knowledge and experience in the manufacture and processing of wood.