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Academic literature on the topic 'Homéostasie énergétique et glucidique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Homéostasie énergétique et glucidique"
A., F. "Os et homéostasie glucidique." Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques 3, no. 5 (November 2009): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1957-2557(09)73313-9.
Full textAvignon, Antoine, and Louis Monnier. "Homéostasie glucidique et insulinorésistance. Application aux situations de stress." Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme 13, no. 1 (March 1999): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0985-0562(99)80003-x.
Full textRudolf, Florence. "La transition énergétique entre homéostasie du système et effondrement." Cahiers de recherche sociologique, no. 58 (April 25, 2016): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1036205ar.
Full textLeverve, Xavier. "Homéostasie énergétique et métabolisme glucido-lipidique : pourquoi deux substrats différents ?" Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique 40, no. 3 (June 2005): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-9960(05)80482-1.
Full textRIDEAU, N., and S. MÉTAYER-COUSTARD. "Utilisation périphérique du glucose chez le poulet et le canard : implications pour la croissance et la qualité de la viande." INRAE Productions Animales 25, no. 4 (October 2, 2012): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2012.25.4.3222.
Full textGharbi, M., M. Akrout, and B. Zouari. "[Food intake during and outside Ramadan]." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 9, no. 1-2 (April 2, 2003): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2003.9.1-2.131.
Full textGoguet, P., M. Lacroix, G. Rodier, O. Kirsh, T. Houles, H. Delpech, A. Sutter, C. Sardet, and L. Le Cam. "La protéine multifonctionnelle E4F1 : un lien entre métabolisme énergétique et homéostasie cutanée." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 140, no. 12 (December 2013): S620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2013.09.638.
Full textPenhoat, A., A. Stefanutti, F. Rajas, and G. Mithieux. "O56 Rôle crucial de la néoglucogenèse intestinale dans le contrôle de l’homéostasie glucidique et énergétique." Diabetes & Metabolism 35 (March 2009): A15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(09)71748-3.
Full textDa Costa, L., C. Saint-Béat, A. Duchampt, G. Mithieux, and A. Gautier-Stein. "Une production vésiculaire de glucose dépendante de la Cavéoline-1 contrôle le métabolisme énergétique et glucidique." Annales d'Endocrinologie 82, no. 5 (October 2021): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2021.08.003.
Full textBANZET, S., N. KOULMANN, and L. BOURDON. "Activité physique et hyperthermie." Médecine et Armées Vol. 40 No. 3, Volume 40, Numéro 3 (June 1, 2012): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.6608.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Homéostasie énergétique et glucidique"
Sakar, Yassine. "Régulation des transports entérocytaires de sucres par la leptine digestive : impact sur l'homéostasie glucidique et énergétique." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066237.
Full textDevère, Mélodie. "Découverte et caractérisation de nouveaux réseaux neuronaux peptidergiques gouvernant l'homéostasie énergétique et glucidique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMR031.
Full textThe alarming rise in obesity and diabetes epidemics worldwide has made the treatment of these diseases a major public health issue. To develop new therapeutic approaches to combat "diabesity", it is crucial to understand the etiology of these pathologies. Recent research highlight the key role of hypothalamic neural networks in the brain regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis. In this context, this thesis aimed to determine the role of two neuropeptidergic systems, the 26RFa/GPR103 system and the orexinergic system, within the neural networks governing energy and glucose metabolism.During my thesis, we demonstrated that central injection of 26RFa exerts an antihyperglycemic effect associated with an increased insulin secretion. Furthermore, the central action of insulin is abolished in 26RFa-deficient mice or when co-administering a 26RFa receptor antagonist, establishing that 26RFa neurons relay the central action of insulin to regulate glucose homeostasis, thereby stimulating its own secretion by the pancreas.We conducted a neuroanatomical study revealing the existence of a subpopulation of neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area expressing both 26RFa and orexins. Our data show that orexins exert a central antihyperglycemic action similar to that of 26RFa. Additionally, the glycemic and energy characterization of orexin-deficient mice reveals a hypophagic and pro-hyperglycemic phenotype of the mice.Surprisingly, we observed that chemogenetic activation (DREADD) of 26RFa and orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area induces a pro-hyperglycemic effect. Moreover, this activation reduces the mRNA expression of 26RFa and orexins, while their inhibition increases the expression of both neuropeptides, similar to the effect induced by an hyperglycemia. These observations suggest that, to ensure glucose homeostasis, hyperglycemia would inhibit 26RFa and orexin neurons, leading to the increased expression of the two neuropeptides known for their antihyperglycemic effect.Finally, our data promote the evidence that 26RFa is necessary for the orexinergic response to elevated blood glucose, highlighting the occurrence of a genetic interaction between orexins and 26RFa. Collectively, the data of this thesis emphasize the importance of 26RFa and orexin neurons of the lateral hypothalamic area in the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis. Studying the modulation of these neuropeptidergic systems in the context of "diabesity" offers hope for improving the existing therapeutic approaches
Stolarczyk, Emilie. "Invalidation de la détection des sucres par le transporteur-détecteur GLUT2 : impacts sur les homéostasies glucidique et énergétique." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066094.
Full textWe are investigating the mechanisms by which cells sense and adapt their functions to their nutritional environment, focusing on glucose detection. Glucose is not only a substrate for most cells but it also generates a signal to the nucleus that regulates gene transcription. In culture cells, we can block the stimulation of glucose sensitive gene transcription by inhibiting glucose metabolism or by expressing a GLUT2 loop domain that leaves unaffected glucose metabolism. Thus the detection of extracellular glucose triggered by GLUT2 can be studied independently of intracellular glucose metabolism. To evaluate in vivo, the importance of this detection pathway, we produced transgenic mice that expressed ubiquitously the GLUT2 loop domain. Transgenic mice displayed increased daily food intake and perturbed hypothalamic expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides. Interestingly, meal consumptions were neither reduced after a glucose injection nor increased after 2-deoxyglucose injection, suggesting a poor detection of glucose abundance or glucopenia. We recorded by indirect calorimetry that mice favoured lipid over glucose oxidation in accordance with their low fat mass. During an oral glucose challenge, we underlined a significantly reduced plasma insulin response. Together pancreatic and hypothalamic failures to detect glucose could contribute to the growth retardation of transgenic mice. Nevertheless, insulin tolerance tests were unchanged suggesting that peripheral tissues, that are not expressing GLUT2, were unaffected in these mice. Taken together, these data suggest that the detection of extracellular sugar mediated by GLUT2 in pancreas and brain, without affecting their basal functions, controls multiple aspects of food intake, satiety and glucose homeostasis. The sugar detector GLUT2 might constitute a new therapeutic target for the benefit of patients suffering from food intake disorders
Peugnet, Pauline. "Origines développementales des anomalies de l’homéostasie glucidique, de la croissance osseuse et prédisposition à l’ostéochondrose chez le poulain." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T092/document.
Full textFetal adaptations to intra-uterine stimuli have immediate and long term effects on the offspring’s health after birth. In equids, this concept known as the DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease) was validated using cross-breeding: the mare’s size which affects the fetal environment throughout gestation and then lactation, has a critical impact on the foal’s post-natal growth, as well as on the neonate’s sensitivity to insulin. Osteochondrosis, a pathology of the growing horse, induces heavy financial losses in the equine industry. It has been associated to abnormalities in glucose homeostasis and its antenatal origin is highly suspected. The present research aimed to evaluate the impact of experimental disturbances during fetal development on growth, glucose homeostasis and predisposition to osteochondrosis in the foal until age 1½ year. Increased versus restricted fetal growth was obtained using between-breed embryo transfers (“ponies in draft horses” versus “saddlebreds in ponies”, respectively). The lush environment of the draft mare versus the restricted environment of the pony mare turned out to be critical in the regulation of bone growth, thyroid hormones secretion, β-cells function, insulin sensitivity and the osteoarticular status of the foal from birth to 1½ year of age. This validates the concept of the DOHaD in equids and shows that recipient mares should be carefully selected in embryo transfer practice. By demonstrating the scope of post-natal effects which were programmed in utero and throughout the lactating period, it also alerts the breeder about the importance of broodmare management and its long term impacts. Thus, the second model was developed to address breeders' practices. A disturbance of the nutritional environment of the fetus was induced by supplementing mares in late pregnancy with concentrated feed (barley). So far, only the neonatal foal's glucose homeostasis was affected, whereas all other studied parameters, including growth, were not affected. The foal’s predisposition to osteochondrosis, however, was increased at 6 months of age, which does not preclude that it will affect the animals afterwards since the osteoarticular status of the 6-month-old foal will evolve beyond weaning time. This research could help adjust nutritional recommendations to broodmares
Ruchat, Stéphanie-May. "Étude des déterminants génétiques et des interactions gène-gène et gène-environnement associés à l'homéostasie glucidique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26878/26878.pdf.
Full textWang, Xuan. "Dérivés imidazoliniques actifs sur l' homéostasie glucidique chez le rat diabétique : structure-activité et pharmacologie." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P632.
Full textHivelin, Céline. "Étude des mécanismes de libération du propeptide de la sortiline et de ses effets sur l’homéostasie glucidique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4109.
Full textIn France, approximately 15% of the population is obese and this number keeps rising up every year. Obesity is a major cause of diabetes, inducing an increase of the number of fat-filled cells, called the adipocytes, and a peripheral insulin resistance. This increase of the number of adipocytes is associated with a decrease of sortilin expression, a transmembrane protein which is involved in the release of a propeptide (PE) in the blood circulation. Spadin, a synthetic PE analog, is known to modulate the potassium TREK-1 channel activity. Since, this channel is expressed in pancreatic beta cells which secrete insulin, a hormone involved in blood glucose regulation, spadin may play a role in glucose homeostasis. Consistent with this hypothesis, spadin improves glucose tolerance in mice, by stimulating insulin release. Spadin is a natural peptide derived from sortilin, which is known to control the glucose transporter Glut4 trafficking to the plasma membrane of adipocytes. This suggests that spadin may regulate glucose storage in adipocytes by affecting the sortilin function. However, my results show that spadin has no effect on glucose storage. In summary, spadin is involved in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis and may be an alternative treatment against obesity and diabetes
Marsollier, Nicolas. "Rôle des lipides et du monoxyde d'azote dans la régulation hypothalamique de l'homéostasie glucidique chez le rat : aspects adaptatifs et physiologiques." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077253.
Full textThe control of energy homeostasis- determinate as steady-state between energy expenditure and energy intake/stored- is essential in survival of an organism. Therefore several parameters have to be intimately regulated on short and long term period, to maintain energy balance. Homeostasis depends on existence of a whole neural network, informing central nervous System on environmental and nutritional status variations. Hypothalamus is one of cerebral structure that integrates peripheral signals, partly through detection of circulating nutrients, and hormones. There are nutrients sensing neurons inserted in neural circuit of energy homeostasis regulation, and the study of mechanisms involved in nutrient detection, and the outcome of an overload, is decisive in the comprehension of central metabolic disorders onset. In the frame of this work we focus on hypothalamic lipid sensing, and we dispose of an animal model where only brain micro circulation lipids concentration is increased. This allows us to discriminate between peripheral and central effects. In this model, we show that nitric oxide (NO) production is an intermediary of central lipid effects on energy homeostasis. In a second part of this work, we study the role of plasma-elevated lipid concentration in physiological situation of 24hr fasting-induced lipolysis. We observed that a systemic inhibition of lipolysis increases food intake after refeeding and modifies insulin sensitivity, and that restoration of central circulating lipids is sufficient to reverse lipolysis inhibition effects. Descriptions of central mechanisms and molecular actors highlighted could permit, at least, to find new therapeutic targets
Jarry, Anne-Charlotte. "Rôle de deux entéro-hormones atypiques : la Neuromédine U et le glucagon extrapancréatique, dans l’homéostasie glucidique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC305.
Full textIntestinal epithelium handles three main functions of barrier, nutrient digestion/absorption and enteropeptide secretion. In a century, technical improvements led to the identification of more than 100 enteropeptides, most of which are still poorly characterized. Intestinal endocrine secretions participate in maintaining glucose homeostasis, notably by inducing pancreatic insulin secretion. The gut-pancreas axis is tightly controlled by the central nervous system. Deregulation of pancreatic and intestinal peptides secretion participate in diabetic chronic hyperglycemia. An hyperglucagonemia is notably implicated in brittle glycemic control observed in diabetic subjects, even those who underwent a total pancreatectomy.The aim of this thesis was to characterize two enteropeptides, Neuromedin U and colonic glucagon, and to decipher their implication in glucose homeostasis. The development of a murine model of pancreatectomy has been necessary.Results obtained highlight a production and a secretion of Neuromedin U (NMU) and glucagon by the proximal small intestine and the colon respectively. NMU controls post-prandial glucose excursion by blocking gastric emptying via direct and indirect regulation of gastric wall contractions. Colonic glucagon is synthetized in physiological conditions but its production and secretion are increased following pancreatectomy.This study highlights how gut wall contractions are at play in the regulation of nutrient digestion/absorption. Targeting this parameter with NMU analogs may decrease diabetic hyperglycemia. Furthermore, development of colonic glucagon secretion might be of particular interest for the treatment of diabetic patients. This work demonstrate the prominent role of the gut in glucose homeostasis
Hivelin, Céline. "Étude des mécanismes de libération du propeptide de la sortiline et de ses effets sur l’homéostasie glucidique." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4109/document.
Full textIn France, approximately 15% of the population is obese and this number keeps rising up every year. Obesity is a major cause of diabetes, inducing an increase of the number of fat-filled cells, called the adipocytes, and a peripheral insulin resistance. This increase of the number of adipocytes is associated with a decrease of sortilin expression, a transmembrane protein which is involved in the release of a propeptide (PE) in the blood circulation. Spadin, a synthetic PE analog, is known to modulate the potassium TREK-1 channel activity. Since, this channel is expressed in pancreatic beta cells which secrete insulin, a hormone involved in blood glucose regulation, spadin may play a role in glucose homeostasis. Consistent with this hypothesis, spadin improves glucose tolerance in mice, by stimulating insulin release. Spadin is a natural peptide derived from sortilin, which is known to control the glucose transporter Glut4 trafficking to the plasma membrane of adipocytes. This suggests that spadin may regulate glucose storage in adipocytes by affecting the sortilin function. However, my results show that spadin has no effect on glucose storage. In summary, spadin is involved in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis and may be an alternative treatment against obesity and diabetes
Books on the topic "Homéostasie énergétique et glucidique"
Brocas, Jean. Transferts et régulations: Les échanges d'énergie entre l'environnement, l'homme et l'animal. Paris: Pradel, 1993.
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