Dissertations / Theses: 'Home behaviour'

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Oke, Adekunle. "Understanding waste recycling behaviour in the UK : home-work consistency." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/3122.

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Despite the increasing attention being paid to waste recycling, there is a dearth of both empirical evidence on recycling at work and examination of any spillover effects of recycling behaviour from home to work. Situated at the confluence of three social science debates (the study of recycling set within the waste management literature; the examination of spillover in the social psychology literature, and the work on pro-environmental behaviour at work in the organisational behaviour literature), this research seeks to understand recycling at work and the relationship between recycling behaviour at home and recycling at work using a sequential mixed methods approach. Due to the complexity of human behaviours including the heterogeneity of the factors underpinning recycling, this research adopts a sequential mixed methods approach with its pragmatic philosophical assumptions to examine recycling at work. Initially, semi-structured interviews with 15 key informants from different organisations including environmental/waste organisations in the UK were conducted. The findings from the interviews were used along with the evidence from the literature to develop the conceptual model and the research hypotheses. The quantitative data were collected, using a web-based questionnaire survey, from 367 respondents representing 43 different organisations across the UK. The collected quantitative data were analysed using SPSS for windows and IBM AMOS for path and causal analyses. Based on the findings, this research demonstrates that contextual factors such as organisational support are better determinants of recycling at work than personality/psychological factors such as attitudes that have dominated empirical and theoretical studies on pro-environmental behaviours for decades. Also, the findings of this research suggest that the concept of spillover of recycling from home to work is complex and inconsistent. Whilst there is a tendency for spillover of recycling behaviour, there is a significant difference between recycling at home and at work with regards to the volume of materials, the range of materials, and frequency of recycling. Nonetheless, the PROCESS macro allows the identification of various conditions that are likely to facilitate spillover of recycling from home to work. As a result, factors that are likely to determine recycling at work including the possible spillover of recycling from home to work are classified into personal/psychological and situational factors. These findings contribute to the existing bodies of knowledge on recycling behaviour, spillover effects, and organisational citizenship behaviour for the environment (OCBE). Also, the findings could assist businesses in finding proactive measures to increase recycling within their organisations. This would consequently reduce the total amount of resources being disposed of in the UK landfill sites.

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Reiman, Benjamin Adolph. "Trans-situtational interventions : generalization of behaviour support across group home and family home settings." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46383.

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A number of studies have shown that adults living in group homes spend less time with their families. One barrier to increasing time spent with families may be that a large proportion of adults living in group homes display elevated levels of problem behaviour. Furthermore, group home staff and families may not have sufficient training to prevent problem behaviour in group home or family home settings. This study evaluates an approach that synthesizes three promising practices in the field of developmental disabilities: person-centred planning, trans-situational positive behaviour support (PBS), and the activity setting as a unit of analysis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of this approach to the generalized reduction of problem behaviour for an adult with autism from a group home setting to a family home setting. One adult with autism and problem behaviour, the group home staff who supported him, and his parents participated in the study. Two settings were identified for trans-situational intervention: a group home post-dinner routine; and a family home pre-dinner routine. In collaboration with group home staff a functional assessment-based, multi-component trans-situational PBS plan (TSI) was designed for the group home routine. In addition a brief trans-situational PBS plan (tsi) for the family home was generated. A preliminary cultural fit evaluation by primary staff indicated that the plan was a good fit with group home ecology. Completion of baseline and intervention phases will occur by June 2014. Preliminary results are discussed in terms of relation to the literature, implications, cautions and limitations, and directions for future research.

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Fraine, Graham. "At home on the road?: Territoriality and driver behaviour." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36792/1/36792_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis proposed that theory on human territoriality, particularly the work of Irwin Altman and colleagues, can contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between people and their car. The car has often been labelled a territory, analogous to the home, which plays a significant role in the lives of individuals in motorised societies. A review of the existing literature on both territoriality and driver behaviour suggested that the car conforms to the defining features of a territory, being an important and enduring object that many drivers decorate with personal items and that they protect against invasion by other road users. Despite this literature, there is little empirical research to support the idea that the car is an imp011ant human territory. Using the methodological framework of transactional psychology, this thesis reported on three studies that utilised an array of self-rep01t techniques to answer research questions on the relationship between territoriality and driver behaviour. The research questions enquired as to whether drivers perceive the car and the surrounding road space as territory, whether they see the driving environment as defined in territo1ial terms, and whether these features influence behaviour on the road. In the first study, 13 focus groups were conducted to determine whether drivers' descriptions of the relationship with their car conformed to existing descriptions of territory. Specific interest was taken in whether the car conformed to Brown and Altman's (1981) descriptions of primary (e.g., home), secondary (e.g., workplace) or public (e.g., park) territory. Focus group questions reflected the territorial features of duration, centrality, marking range, marking intention, and response to invasion. Analysis revealed that the car can be considered a territory, with descriptions of the car closely matching Brown and Altman's descriptions of territory types. However, exactly what type of territory the car was depended on the individual. For instance, young drivers were more likely to perceive the car as aligned with notions of primary territory, while drivers of work vehicles were more likely to describe the car as a secondary or even public territory. Fm1her, dimensional variations were present within d1iver groups and within individuals, such that the broad application of the label 'primary', 'secondary' or 'public' territory to desc1ibe the car was not appropriate. As such, it was noted that territorial researchers should determine the nature of a person's relationship with a particu1ar place/object p1ior to making assumptions about what type of territory it is. Study Two examined the constructs (i.e., descriptors) that drivers use to interpret driving situations, hypothesising that they would correspond to territorial themes such as privacy, safety and control. Phase One of the study generated a representative list of 20 common driving situations, through the use of a travel diary, for subsequent use in a repertory grid task. In Phase Two, 101 drivers completed a repertory grid in which they compared the 20 situations on a se1ies of self-generated constructs. Generalised Procrustes analysis of the grids revealed two major dimensions that drivers use to interpret their driving environment, representing the constructs of safety, control, anger, stress and enjoyment. With few exceptions, these constructs were consistently applied by all drivers and across all driving situations. Safety and control are both linked to aspects of human territoriality. Control was also notable for representing both control over whether a situation is entered into, and control over what occurs once in the situation. Although anger, stress and enjoyment are not key territorial themes, this may reflect the comparatively deficient coverage of emotion in territorial literature. In Study Three, the survey responses of 403 drivers were used to test three hypotheses. First, principal components analysis of the relationship with the car revealed that the major themes characterising this association were linked to the dimensions of territoriality desc1ibed by Brown and Altman (1981). In addition, the degree to which each theme was experienced varied as a function of driver age and car ownership, a feature also noted in the focus group study. Second, the majority of drivers were able to nominate a part of the road-space surrounding the car that they saw as part of their territory. The size of this space varied as a function of the driver and the type of car driven. Third, mixed results were found for the effect of territoriality on self-reported aggressive and prosocial driving. Although viewing the car as a defendable space predicted aggressive behaviours, and believing that the car provides autonomy predicted prosocial driving in some situations, other variables directly related to territory were non-significant. As was found in Study Two, the emotional states of enjoyment and anger also played a role in predicting response to the behaviour of others. Together, these studies suggested that the car is a territory, for some drivers analogous to a primary territory such as the home. The manner in which the car, the surrounding road-space, and the driving environment are considered territorial has implications for understanding road user behaviour, including the topics of aggressive and prosocial driving, conformity with road rules, and travel demand management. As such, the findings of this research have potential application in the development of strategies to improve dri ver behaviour, specifically in relation to aggressive and prosocial driving. In addition, the research conducted in this thesis has implications for the further development of theory on human territoriality. Primarily this relates to further elucidating the role of control in territoriality, especially as it differentiates between primary, secondary and public territories. Territoriality theory would also benefit from a more comprehensive understanding of the role that emotion plays in territoriality. Given the exploratory nature of this research, further work is also required to further understand the links between territoriality and driver behaviour.

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LeClair, James André. "Ecological and individual-level perspectives on children's at-home behaviour." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0021/NQ48227.pdf.

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Koliandris, Anne-Laure. "Flow behaviour of biopolymer solutions and effect on saltiness perception." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11703/.

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In order to improve public health, active measures are taken to lower the salt (sodium chloride) consumption of the population. However, significant effort is required to reduce salt content in processed foods without adversely affecting taste, flavour and consumer preference. This research aimed at investigating how the saltiness efficiency of sodium chloride could be improved. The first approach investigated the relationship between rheology and taste perception to evaluate whether it is possible to enhance saltiness perception through careful design of product rheology. The objective was to identify the flow parameters correlating to saltiness perception. The shear rate relevant to saltiness perception was investigated using a range of typical solution flow behaviour (Newtonian, shear-thinning, yield behaviour). It was found that saltiness perception is related to viscosity measured at low shear (1-10 s-1) and not to zero shear or high shear viscosity. An enhancement of saltiness perception was found for very high polymer concentrations, which could be explained by the increased osmolality of these solutions. Subsequently, food grade Boger fluids (Newtonian fluids of high elasticity) were formulated and characterised to investigate whether extensional viscosity impacts saltiness perception. As no clear effect was reported, hypothesised to be due to the unfavourable mouthfeel of the relatively thick fluids, an alternative approach using low viscosity polysaccharide solutions of identical shear behaviour but of different extensional behaviour was taken. Extensional behaviour of polysaccharide solutions in large deformation flow has received very little attention compared to shear flow behaviour and was characterised here using the techniques of filament break-up and microfluidics as preliminary work for future sensory studies. Large differences in elasticity among polysaccharides and singularities of polysaccharides compared to synthetic polymers were found. As a second approach it was investigated whether duplex emulsions could be stabilised by chemical cross-linking of proteins adsorbed at the oil-water interface. The interest in duplex emulsions is based on the hypothesis that increase in the salt concentration in the continuous product phase of an emulsion-based food may increase saltiness perception. Formulation of stable food duplex emulsions is challenging and here it was shown that chemical cross-linking of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) adsorbed at the oil-water interface improved stability towards coalescence and emptying out of the internal water phase. The interface of single oil-in-water emulsions was also successfully cross-linked. Both the industrial impact and fundamental interest of this research were discussed.

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Hines, Dustin J., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The role of cues and the hippocampus in home base behaviour." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2004, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/646.

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The thesis examines the ability of animals to construct a home base. The home base is a point in space where animals rear, groom, and circle and is a primary element in organized spatial behaviour (Eilam and Golani 1989). Once animals establish a home base, they make outward trips and stops, and after a series of trips and stops they return again to the home base. The home base behaviour of animals acts as a platform for asking questions about the cognitive organization of an environment. The thesis describes five main findings. Control and hippocampectomized animals use (1) proximal and (2) distal cues to form a home base and organize their behaviour. (3) Control and olfactory bulbectomized animals form home bases in the dark where as hippocampectomized animals are impaired suggesting self-movement but not olfactory cues play a role in home base behaviour. A final set of experiments demonstrated that control and hippocampectomized animals learn the position of (4) proximal and (5) distal cues so that in the cue's absence, animals still form a home base at that position. The demonstration that a central feature of exploratory behaviour, establishing a home base, is preserved in hippocampectomized rats in relation to proximal, distal, and conditioned visual cues - reveals that exploratory behaviour remains organized after hippocampal lesions. The inability of hippocampectomized rats to form a virtual home base in the absence of visual cues is discussed in relation to the idea that the hippocampus contributes to inertial behaviour that may be dependent upon self-movement cues.
xv, 232 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.

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Hogg, Margaret. "Conceptualizing and investigating patterns of consumer behaviour towards in-home shopping." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560588.

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This research examines intermediate patterns of joint consumption whereby constellations, anti constellations and configurations are seen as representing patterns of consumption which lie between the traditional micro (product-centred) and macro (societal-centred) studies of consumption. A series of models are developed: of the relationship between individuals and consumption from a social psychological perspective of the formation of patterns of joint consumption and of the three forces which influence patterns of consumption: the symbolic-functional force (located in the product) the physiological-esteem-self-actualization force (located in individual needs) and the expressive-instrumental force (located in activities or behaviour). A two stage empirical study explores the content, structure and context of consumption patterns amongst mail order shoppers in the U.K. The quantitative stage involved the application of correspondence analysis to data extracted from the BMRBffGI database and the qualitative phase was a series of in-depth interviews with mail order industry marketing personnel. The findings confirmed the existence of three identifiable groups amongst mail order shoppers, with different intermediate patterns of joint consumption representing different sets of responses to the three forces which influence consumption and which had been modelled above. The research extends work on the grammar of consumption by developing a set of rules of combination for analyzing the structure and levels of joint consumption: constellations, anti constellations and configurations, which could be associated with the groups of mail order shoppers. The study concludes that products cohere around social roles and that interdependence exists at two levels, firstly, amongst the forces which influence consumption, and secondly, between consumption and the societal-cultural context. It was seen that functional and symbolic complementarities could be found in the intermediate patterns of joint consumption and that different combinatorial rules could be applied to the different levels of consumption patterns elicited for the various groups.

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Soanes, Louise. "The foraging behaviour of seabirds : defining and predicting home range areas." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/12453/.

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In recent years, seabird tracking studies have become ever more popular as a means of informing and evaluating the effectiveness of marine protected areas and offshore energy developments as well as in understanding the ecology and behaviour of seabirds. This study uses tracking data collected from the European shag, Black-legged kittiwake, Northern gannet and Brown booby to identify important foraging areas around four seabird colonies located in the UK, Channel Islands and Anguilla and examines the impact of offshore renewable energy developments in the Channel Islands. As well as providing examples of how seabird tracking data can be useful in informing marine spatial planning, this study also considers the impact that sample size and the sample composition may have on the foraging areas predicted for any colony. Small sample sizes are a common feature of tracking studies, often due to logistical and financial constraints, meaning that seabirds are often tracked over short spatial and temporal scales which may not fully represent the important foraging areas and behaviours of the colony or individual. This study therefore provides recommendations to improve the predictions of area use and foraging strategy for future tracking studies to ensure the most representative and useful data is collected and used to inform marine spatial planning issues.

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Chiang, Teresa. "Investigating the influence of in-home display design on energy-consumption behaviour." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.655723.

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Research on interventions aimed to promote energy savings has shown support for direct feedback using in-home displays (IHDs) to reduce energy consumption. These displays are electronic devices that provide real-time energy information and are emerging as an effective tool to communicate with people about their energy consumption. How feedback is presented to people and how they understand the meaning of such feedback largely depends on the design of the display, yet there are relatively few studies that investigate the way in which the display can best be designed to present energy information and motivate energy-saving behaviour. Further, even though there is a wide range of variations in the visual presentation of feedback, there is a lack of focus on the process of optimising the IHD design. This thesis aims to address the need for designing IHDs at the display component level, by examining three types of display design (numerical displays, analogue displays using speedometer dials, and ambient displays using emotional faces) in both laboratory-based computer-simulated experiments and field-based experiments: participants’ abilities to detect changes in energy information shown on the computer-simulated displays were measured by means of accuracy rate and response time, and their subjective preferences for display types were assessed against experimental data; live energy data were displayed using the three design types in a student residence at the University of Bath to see how they would influence energy-use behaviour. Results from the laboratory experiments demonstrated that both accuracy rate and response time for seeing changes in the information displayed were strongly associated with the type of display design. Participants preferred numerical display and were better at detecting changes in information with this display than with the other two. Conversely, the student residence experiments showed that when participants’ attention was divided in a household setting, there was no difference in energy consumption among experimental groups who received information from any of the three display types. However, these experimental groups used significantly less energy compared with control groups, who had no displays installed. It was concluded that 1) the mere presence of a display device could influence people’s behaviour, regardless of the type of display design, people’s preferences or the level of user engagement with the display, although there was a strong indication that the ambient design worked better than the other two designs at an arbitrary statistical significance level of 0.95, and 2) subjective preferences and computer-simulated studies are poor guides to the actual performance of IHDs in real-world settings. This work helps establish how IHDs can be designed and the influence that they may have on people’s energy-consumption behaviour. It also contributes to the literature of exploring people’s perceptibility of energy information. The method used is replicable and can be applied in similar studies on energy display design. Lastly, the improved understanding gained through this work will facilitate the development of effective smart meter display technology that may help people adopt conscious energy behaviour in the long term.

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Johnston, Ian F. "Disruptive behaviour in nursing home residents: A study of some predisposing factors." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1999. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1212.

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Behaviour disorders are common among nursing home residents and the management of these problems is difficult and emotionally taxing for caregivers. Although widespread acknowledgment of the problem exists amongst those caring for the elderly, there has, until recently, been little formal investigation of these disorders in any systematic degree. This study investigated 63 nursing home residents (22 males and 41 females) in two primary diagnostic categories; those with vascular dementia and those with dementia due to other causes, primarily Alzheimer's disease. A review of the literature suggested that the nature and frequency of disruptive behaviour differed across these two prevalent forms of dementia. The level of cognitive impairment for each resident was assessed using the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE). A two-week record of individual behaviours was recorded by nursing staff on a 24-hour shift basis, using the Cohen -Mansfield Agitation Index (CMAI). The results are generally consistent with earlier research demonstrating a negative correlation between cognitive impairment and aggression. However, no significant difference in behaviour was demonstrated between the two groups. Finally, a number of mediating variables is discussed in terms of their influence on the results.

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Tsoukalas, Theodora. "Day-care, home care, parenting behaviours and behaviour problems in children aged between 2 and 3 years old /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SPS/09spst8818.pdf.

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Jose, Arun Cyril. "Intelligent home automation security system based on novel logical sensing and behaviour prediction." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65012.

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The thesis, Intelligent Home Automation Security System Based on Novel Logical Sensing and Behavior Prediction, was designed to enhance authentication, authorization and security in smart home devices and services. The work proposes a three prong defensive strategy each of which are analyzed and evaluated separately to drastically improve security. The Device Fingerprinting techniques proposed, not only improves the existing approaches but also identifies the physical device accessing the home cybernetic and mechatronic systems using device specific and browser specific parameters. The Logical Sensing process analyses home inhabitant actions from a logical stand point and develops sophisticated and novel sensing techniques to identify intrusion attempts to a home’s physical and cyber space. Novel Behavior prediction methodology utilizes Bayesian networks to learn normal user behavior which is later compared to distinguish and identify suspicious user behaviors in the home in a timely manner. The logical sensing, behavior prediction and device fingerprinting techniques proposed were successfully tested, evaluated and verified in an actual home cyber physical system. The algorithms and techniques proposed in the thesis can be easily modified and adapted into many practical applications in Industrial Internet of Things, Industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
PhD
Unrestricted

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Hammarstrand, Johanna, and Tommy Fu. "Information security awareness and behaviour: of trained and untrained home users in Sweden." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för bibliotek, information, pedagogik och IT, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10457.

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Today we live in an information society that is constantly growing in terms of the amount of information that are processed, stored, and communicated. Information security is a field that is of concern for both the individual and the society as a whole, as both groups are exposed to information every day. A society like this will demand more emphasis on information security. Previous researchers that has addressed this problem argues that security awareness is the most significant factor in order to raise the general security level. They also mention education as a solution to increase the security awareness and thereby achieve a secure environment. The aim of this thesis is to examine the differences between trained and untrained home users in security awareness and behaviour. The research was conducted, using a quantitative method in form of a survey research with the distribution of self-completion questionnaires. The study has a total of 162 respondents that participated. The result was presented and analysed through the use of the software program, IBM SPSS. The results of the findings suggest that the awareness of the trained home users is higher than of those who are untrained home users. Additionally, the discussion suggests that the home users who have participated in awareness raising initiatives, such as education and training, does not necessarily apply more security measures in their home environment, than those who are regarded as untrained home users. Hence, this study suggests that the increase in awareness may not necessarily be the only factor that affects the user’s behaviour, since those who have not participated in awareness raising initiatives applies security measures, almost to the same extent to those who have. This thesis might be able to act as a foundation for future research within the field, considering that the research is a comparative study between trained and untrained home users of the variables security awareness and behaviour where the found results, does not fully agree with previous research. However, an increase in awareness is a good start, but may need to be paired with appropriate training from other parties, such as internet service providers (ISPs) and banks. Maybe the solution could be to develop and strive for a continuous information security culture of the Swedish society, which may result in a deeper learning and understanding of security issues and inspire home users to be engaged and proactive about their information security behaviour.

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Granich, Joanna. "Electronic-based sedentary behaviour among children within the family home environment : a descriptive study." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0069.

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[Truncated abstract] This descriptive study identified correlates of electronic media use among pre-adolescent children (10-12 year olds). It specifically focused on the potential influence of individual factors and the social and physical environment within the family home setting. The prevalence of overweight/obesity in children is escalating. Sedentary behaviour in the form of electronic media use (comprised of television (TV) and video/DVD viewing, video and computer gaming, and computer use) is a contributing and a modifiable risk factor for overweight/obesity. To date, research focused on sedentary behaviour has been largely derived from physical (in)activity data where the absence or observed low levels of physical activity participation or TV viewing only has been used as a proxy for sedentariness. Little is known about the specificities of children's electronic media use; its impact on children's overall leisure and screen-time; and, the potential influencing factors that may operate at the home level. The family home is a context-specific setting where electronic media use is a daily practice for most children. To better understand electronic-based sedentary behaviour among children the following specific aims were addressed; 1) To describe children's leisure time, particularly time spent with electronic media. 2) To explore children and parents' perceptions about electronic-based sedentary behaviour. 3) To determine the prevalence of children's electronic-media use at home. 4) To examine the influence of individual, family social and home physical factors associated with different levels of electronic media use by children. ... The availability and accessibility of a variety of electronic equipment at home, especially in the child's bedroom (particularly among boys), was also associated with children's screen behaviour. Physical aspects of the family home (i.e., lay-out and yard size) had a mixed effect on children's electronic media use. Overall, the nature of electronic media use among children is complex and is influenced by dimensions that present at children's individual, family social and physical home level. The knowledge generated from this study about specific correlates of electronic media use has extended the understanding about its impact on children's discretionary time. Future prospective longitudinal research is warranted given that most studies investigating electronic media and sedentary behaviour are of cross-sectional design. Including other forms of sedentary behaviour such as sitting and talking with friends and family, reading and/or using telephones may provide a more comprehensive measure of sedentariness in the future. Further studies should use multivariate statistical analyses (i.e., modelling) to improve clarity of relationships between multiple variables and gauge mediating factors. This study also calls for future intervention research. Findings on gender-specific correlates of electronic media use provide superior information for the development of tailored behaviour modification strategies aimed at girls and boys respectively. Active involvement of household members in the intervention is also warranted. Utilising this study's findings may strengthen intervention outcomes towards a more directed and sustained behaviour change

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Roffey, Suzanna. "The home-school interface for behaviour difficulties : the views and constructs of parents/carers." Thesis, University of East London, 1999. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/1288/.

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Working in partnership with parents and carers is a recurring theme within education, especially for children with special educational needs. The evidence suggests that although there is some progress towards shared endeavours the reality does not match the rhetoric. There are particular difficulties at the home school interface where behaviour is the issue. This research set out to explore the perceptions of parents about their interactions with schools concerning their child's behaviour and what they found more and less supportive. The study investigated personal and social constructs influencing these perceptions and also looked at related outcomes for both parent and child. The findings have led to the development of an original theoretical model which suggests that definitions and attributions for behaviour interact with school ethos and messages about power and partnership. These in turn determine how the school communicates with parents, whether teachers both relate to parents' perception of their parenting role and take account of the whole child `in loco parentis', and the level of awareness related to parental contexts, including cultural background. When all of these `connections' work well, schools are able to develop the positive interactions that have the best chance of generating real change. This research confirms that appropriate early assessment and intervention for behavioural difficulty is crucial both for parents and for children.

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Meredith, Lucy Margaret. "The impact of consumer behaviour as a cause of food poisoning in the home." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365187.

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Brace, Charlotte L. "The contribution of behaviour to falls among older people in and around the home." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33945.

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This thesis examines the contribution of behaviour to falls among older people in and around the home. Falls are an extensive problem, with the scale of this set to worsen in line with the increasing older population. Risk factors for falls have received much attention during recent years, although little emphasis has been given to the role of behaviour in falls risk. It is argued in the thesis that older people play an active role in their exposure to risk, influenced by their attitudes, beliefs and motivations. This aspect has received only limited consideration. The research consisted of five studies. The first three investigations used a triangulated approach to examine the contribution and role of older people's behaviour, physical ability and home environment design in fall risk. The fourth study considered the role of health practitioners in fall prevention and investigated barriers to successful interventions. The final study examined the contribution of a health psychology framework to understanding fall-related behaviour among older people.

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Griffiths, Derek Peter. "Policing in England and Wales between the two World Wars." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341189.

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Macha, Kedibonye Dundu. "The relationship between home visiting and parental behaviour in a community based prevention research project." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61924.pdf.

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Miller, Claire Jennie. "The role of confidence, control and past behaviour in home-based screening for colorectal cancer /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09HS/09hsm6471.pdf.

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Moleli, Mahlalele Sylvania. "Home and day care centre environments' role in influencing children's behaviour during early childhood development." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6142.

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Magister Artium - MA (Child and Family Studies)
Approximately 70% of children 0-6 years old worldwide are experiencing care between home and day care centre environments that is conceptualised as dual care. These two environments are entry points into early childhood development services, which further demonstrate the relationship of the two environments in child development. Both environments are therefore crucial in influencing children's development and their behaviour. Nonetheless, vast research shows that, without diminishing the influence of the day care environment, the home environment is the most influential on children's behaviour development. This study employed Bronfenbrenner's ecological system theory, which studies child development and behaviour within environments that a child interacts with, as the overarching theory of this study with the focus based on the microsystem and the mesosystems. The study has its aim to explore the influence the home and day care centre's environment have on the behaviour of children during early childhood development. The study adopted qualitative research methodology with an explorative and descriptive design during the execution of this study. In-depth semi-structured interviews, which were held with parents and practitioners were used as data collection.

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Amoroso, Castellanos Hernan Gerardo. "Feeding behaviour of Ateles belzebuth E. Geoffroy 1806 (Cebidae: Atelinae) in Tawadu Forest southern Venezuela." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294487.

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Yin, Wenting. "The effect of food flavour on human appetite and eating behaviour." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37304/.

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Overconsumption of foods is thought to be one of the main causes of the rising number of global obesity. This thesis aims to investigate the role of food flavour in human appetite and eating behaviour through three studies. The first study investigated whether the sweetness intensity of a milkshake affected ad libitum intake of the milkshake and sensory-specific satiety (SSS). In a crossover single-blinded design, 24 participants consumed ad libitum high, ideal and low sweetness (HS, IS or LS) milkshakes over three visits. After milkshake intake, participants consumed ad libitum one, or both of a sweet and a savoury snack. All milkshake consumption was similar, suggesting that the sweetness intensity did not affect the ad libitum intake of the milkshake. After intake of all sweet milkshakes, ratings of desire for something sweet decreased, and subsequent savoury snacks were consumed more than subsequent sweet snacks. The sweetness intensity of milkshakes did not affect the change in the desire for something sweet or the subsequent snack intake. Ratings of desire for something savoury increased after the intake of HS milkshake and were higher than the ratings collected following the intake of IS milkshake. Therefore, this study suggested that a sweeter milkshake did not affect the magnitude of SSS for sweet foods, but increased a stronger sensory-specific appetite (SSA) for savoury foods. The second study examined the effects of aroma, taste and their interaction on subjective appetite sensation and subsequent lunch intake. In a crossover design, 26 females consumed 1 of the 4 test drinks as a preload: 1) water; 2) strawberry aroma in water; 3) sucrose and citric acid in water; 4) strawberry aroma, sucrose and citric acid in water. The subsequent lunch intake did not differ after all drink preloads. The drink with only aroma or only taste were not different from water in affecting appetite sensation. A drink with both aroma and taste reduced hunger ratings greater than water or a drink with only taste or aroma, during 15 min drinking and up to 30 min post drinking. Meanwhile, the drink with both taste and aroma was the highest in perceived flavour intensity. This suggests enhancing flavour perception of a drink through aroma-taste cross-modal interaction can increase the satiating effect of a drink. The third study investigated effects of sweetness, thickness and caramel flavour perception of custards on expected satiation and expected satiety of the custards. 90 participants (65 females, 25 males) tasted 18 custard samples over two sessions. Ingredients of custards were different only in the concentrations of caramel aroma, Truvia sweetener and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), based on an experimental design. Thickness enhanced both expected satiation and expected satiety. Sweetness enhanced expected satiation but not expected satiety. Caramel flavour did not affect expected satiation or expected satiety. The cognitive expectation on satiation and satiety has previously been shown to determine self-selected portion size. Therefore, the current study suggests that manipulating sweetness and thickness perception of a food without changing its energy content might help portion size control, via manipulating consumers’ cognitive expectation of the food. In conclusion, manipulating food flavour is a promising area to explore with the respect to hunger suppression and fullness enhancing, limiting the intake of eaten foods while promoting intake of other foods via SSS or SSA, and contributing to the cognitive control of portion size. Therefore, manipulation food flavour might be helpful for appetite control and supporting an energy-restrict diet; however, it seems challenging to reduce actual food energy intake through manipulating only the flavour properties of foods.

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Eihab, Abdelghaffar Elsharkawy Heba. "Home energy use, lifestyle, and behaviour : a community energy saving programme (CESP) survey in Aspley, Nottingham." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28034/.

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With increasing concern over national green house gas (GHG) emissions, combined with the widespread economic impact of global commodities such as coal, natural gas and oil and their effect on energy prices, improving household energy efficiency can be seen as a key vehicle against which both energy emissions can be reduced and domestic GHG emissions curtailed. It is argued that factors that form the basis of choices, habits and values of individuals dictate an individual's decision to either adopt environmentally sustainable behaviour or not. This research reflects on how this specific area of energy policy is being enacted through policy and regulation, notably through one of the Community Energy Saving Programme (CESP) schemes, rolled out by the UK government in 2009. Although Government can play a pivotal role helping people foster more sustainable behaviour, it must do so in a manner that engages individuals and the public at large. As such, the aim is to adopt a more long term outlook towards encouraging sustainable energy use. The research reflects therefore on the results of a two-phase survey questionnaire administered to the residents of a CESP scheme in Aspley, Nottingham. The questionnaire sought to identify how tenants of energy-inefficient homes tend to behave with respect to domestic energy consumption and how their dwellings performed. This was augmented by quantitative data comprising utility bill figures gathered from the homes under investigation. This study adopts a mixed method strategy where the researcher combines both quantitative and qualitative data in order to provide comprehensive analysis of the research problem. In this research, 'before-and-after design' survey design is set up to explore the associations between variables under study. The field work survey was performed in one of the pilot CESP schemes currently under delivery in the Aspley area of Nottingham. Designed and executed in two survey phases, the first phase sought to understand residents' attitudes and behaviour and explore how this related to home energy use and performance prior to extensive energy-related upgrades to their dwellings. The second survey phase sought to examine changes - if any - in users' energy consumption behaviour and dwelling performance after their homes were upgraded to higher energy efficiency standards. This second phase also explored the possible reasons for any behavioural change depicted; whether it was due to policy uptake, information provided or means of communicating energy saving advice. The Aspley area in Nottingham is identified as one of the most deprived areas in Nottingham, besides the number of inefficient solid wall houses that are 'hard to heat'. Thus, assessing the effectiveness of policy interventions requires a clear understanding of consumer behaviour and motivations across all income groups so that the most appropriate approaches are developed. As such, it is possible that government aspirations to reduce energy consumption will go unheeded if they are inconsistent with the social and physical context of real life. Financial costs, past behaviour, social values and physical infrastructure are considered some of the most difficult barriers to changing energy behaviours. Policies need not only inform people about technological improvements that can be installed in their homes, but should also strongly encourage and incentivise them to use them efficiently. The users' energy consumption behaviour and the policy interventions will make the difference between promising policy, and policy which in fact delivers on its aims for energy efficiency and sustainability.

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Whittington, Adrian. "The meaning of 'challenging behaviour' for support staff and home managers of residential learning disability services." Thesis, Open University, 1997. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57725/.

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Staff perceptions of challenging behaviour and other "challenging problems" in their work with people with learning disabilities are likely to have a significant influence on how they respond to clients and to interventions by Clinical Psychologists. However, accounts of staff perceptions have failed to produce a coherent theory grounded in the experience of staff themselves. The aim of the present study was to develop a theory of how staff describe and explain challenging problems. Grounded theory methodology was used. Ten Support Workers and eight Home Managers in residential learning disability services described their understanding of a challenging problem in relation to a client during senustructured interviews. Client behaviour was the most commonly cited problem. Results suggested that staff face dilemmas concerning whether to see behaviour as communication or a behaviour problem, how to balance firm responding with kindness, and how to deal with their unpleasant feelings evoked by the work. A theoretical account of the results suggested that staffs' emotional distance from or closeness to a client determines how they resolve the dilemmas. The theoretical account should be subjected to further testing. It implies that staff need to be aware of their emotions and personal motivations in their work if they are to resolve the work dilemmas in the best interests of clients. Clinical Psychologists may be well placed to facilitate personal development programmes for staff to foster this awareness.

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Davis, Sydney Pierce. "The movement and landscape use of Blue Cranes in the Western Cape." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29754.

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The Western Cape population of Blue Cranes (Anthropoides paradiseus) is the largest and most stable population for the species. The population is primarily threatened by high mortality due to collisions with power-lines and the development of wind farms. Yet, little is known about how this population uses the agricultural landscape and their movements. Thirteen Blue Cranes were fitted with trackers to collect Global Position System data and tracked for 3 – 18 months in the Overberg region of the Western Cape. With the provided spatial-temporal information, I estimated the home range size, daily flight distances, and distance travelled throughout the day of breeding and non-breeding cranes to determine whether the breeding status/season influences their ranging behaviour. There was no significant difference of the home range size between breeding cranes and non-breeding cranes (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference of the home range size of breeding cranes between their seasons (p > 0.05). Breeding cranes travelled significantly shorter daily flight distances than non-breeding cranes (p < 0.05). Breeding cranes also travelled significantly shorter daily distances during the breeding season than the non-breeding season (p < 0.01). All cranes, regardless of breeding status or season, travelled further distances in the morning, decreasing distance during the midday and early afternoon with an increase in the late afternoon. Breeding cranes travelled shorter distances throughout the day than non-breeding cranes during the breeding season (p < 0.001). Lastly, breeding cranes travelled significantly shorter distances throughout the day in the breeding season than the non-breeding season (p < 0.001). From this study the results suggest that factors other than breeding status influence the ranging behaviour of these cranes. Factors such as the availability of roost and forage sites, the agricultural landscape of the Overberg and the presence of other Blue Cranes could also affect ranging behaviour. Although this study does not give clear guidelines on the movement of the population, it establishes a baseline for further studies into factors that affect their ranging behaviour and can still be used to aid in conservation strategies for the species. Future studies should focus on recording their time budgets, including overnight GPS fixes and assessing ranging behaviour over multiple years.

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Ifebuzor, Deciderius Chika. "“The determinants of the help seeking behaviour of parents having children with minor illness in Francistown, Botswana : “Case Study of Fungal Skin Infection”." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/207.

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Thesis (M Med.(Family Medicine))--University of Limpopo, 2010.
Aim: To understand the help seeking behaviour of parents having children with minor illnesses such as fungal skin infection and to respond appropriately to such behaviours. Design: A descriptive qualitative study using the free attitude interview technique Method: The study was conducted in Francistown City Council Clinics. Eight participants were interviewed. Using purposeful sampling chose the participants. Each respondent was asked the same exploratory question “How much do you know about this skin infection?” Exploratory question (Setswana) is “O itse go le kae ka bolwetsi jone jo jwa letlalo?” The probe follow up questions were used to encourage elaboration on the topic. The discussions were held in Setswana language. The interviews were audio – taped. The recordings were transcribed, and the ideas that emerged were developed into themes. Results: Most of the respondents believed that Skin fungal infection was common in the community and it was generally called skin rash. It was believed to be infectious that it may be associated with HIV infection. Some however believe that its cause was known and it was treatable The help seeking behaviour of parents having children with minor illness like skin fungal infection falls within these reasons: Availability of alternative treatment, Concern of the child especially if the child complains about the problem, 6 Concern of the parents when the parents consider such minor health concern as a health problem for the child, issues around difficult in management of the problem, If problem is tolerable. Conclusion: Residents of Francistown city council, which was where the study was carried out perceived skin fungal infection as a common infectious skin problem, that is treatable. There is adequate knowledge of the symptoms of skin fungal infection among the participants. Some of the participants believed that skin fungal infection is common in children because they see the skin lesion as a normal change in colour for children before adult life. It was believe that as they get older the change in colour will then disappear. Many of them believe that they do not know the cause and even the few that felt that they knew the cause could not give a good account of the exact cause of the skin fungal infection, only one said that it is caused by a germ. Most of the participants were aware that it is treatable but yet they were not keen seeking for help when they come to the clinics because of one or two of the following reasons: Availability of alternative treatment; Concern of the child especially if the child complains about the problem; Concern of the parents when the parents consider such minor health concern as a health on the child; Issues around difficult in management of the problem; Health problem being tolerable

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Baddock, Sally Anne, and n/a. "Bedsharing vs cot-sleeping : an investigation of the physiology and behaviour of infants in the home setting." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070205.113411.

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Bedsharing between infants and parents interacts with many factors to increase the risk of SIDS, eg maternal smoking, alcohol or drug consumption, overtiredness, excessive bedding and younger infant. However, bedsharing also encourages breastfeeding, settles babies, reduces parental tiredness and increases mother-baby interactions. We studied infants in the natural setting of their own home, in their usual situation (bedsharing or cot-sleeping) to identify risks and benefits, and to understand how bedsharing could be made safer for all infants. Methods: Overnight home video and physiological recordings of 40 bedshare infants (5-27 weeks), were compared with 40 cot infants matched for age and study season. Video data provided a log of infant/parent sleep positions, movements and interactions. The physiological recordings measured respiratory pattern, respiratory airflow, inspired CO2, oxygen saturation (SaO2), heart rate and core, peripheral and environmental temperatures. Results: All infants maintained normal core temperatures overnight although bedshare infants had a higher shin temperature [35.43 vs 34.60°C at 2hrs after sleep onset (difference 0.83, 95% CI: 0.18 to 1.49)]. Bedshare infants had thicker bedding (RR:2.35 (95% CI:1.76 to 3.14) and more face covered time [0.9h/night vs 0.2 (RR:5.62, 95% CI: 3.08 to 10.25)]. Awakenings in the bedshare group were more common, of shorter duration, and caused less change in infant temperatures. Exposure to >3% CO2 occurred in 18 bedshare infants and 1 swaddled, cot-sleep infant. The maximum exposure time was the same for both groups (60mins). These levels of CO2 significantly (p<0.05) elevated breathing rate and maintained normal SaO2. Central apnoeas of 5-10 seconds resulted in drops in SaO2 <90% (BS mean 6.8/night vs cot: 3.1, p<0.001). SaO2 rarely fell below 85% and heart rate did not ever fall below 90bpm. Bedshare infants commonly slept on their side, while cot infants slept supine. Prone sleeping was rare (BS:5 infants, 1.6-3.5h/night vs cot:2, 8.9-10.2) and for bedshare infants involved sleeping on mother�s chest. Bedshare infants woke and fed more frequently (mean wake times/night: 4.6 vs 2.5), but total sleep time was not different. Maternal checks were more frequent in the bedshare group (median:10, IQ range:7-23, max:55) than cot ( 4, 3-6, 16) and bedshare mothers frequently responded to infant initiated movements. During bedsharing baby and mother usually slept facing each other, touching, with infants at mothers� breast level. Father (or sibling) contact was rare. Conclusions: Bedshare infants sleep in a warmer environment and experience more potentially dangerous events such as head-covering and rebreathing. However, all infants in this study maintained normal rectal temperature and SaO2 suggesting they were protected by homeostatic responses. Infant safety is also facilitated by frequent maternal checking and maternal responses to infant movements. The mother-infant proximity during bedsharing allows prompt responses, reduces time infants are upset, and minimises disruption from frequent breast feeding - aspects valued by many. It is not known if infants of smoking mothers or parents with impaired responses eg due to alcohol, respond adequately to the potentially dangerous situations identified. Outcome: The results of this study will be used to formulate recommendations to parents for improving the safety of bedsharing.

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Mildon, Robyn Louise, and rmildon@parentingrc org au. "Skill acquisition in parents with an intellectual disability: The effectiveness of in-home behavioural parent training." RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081204.100958.

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Little research has been conducted focusing on parent training strategies aimed at teaching parents with an intellectual disability to implement strategies to decrease their child's problem behaviour and increase appropriate behaviours. This study aimed to do two things. First, to examine the effectiveness of an enhanced assessment-based BPT intervention that was implemented by parents with an intellectual disability with children with problem behaviour. Second, the current study also aimed to test the effectiveness of the parent training package used to teach parents to implement the intervention strategies. Importantly, in an attempt to identify the training condition, or combination of conditions, most needed to achieve behaviour change, individual conditions of a multi-condition parent training package were additively introduced during parent training based on the degree of intrusiveness in the target routine combined with the amount of structure required by the teaching strategy. Five parents were taught to implement a functional assessment driven intervention plan aimed at increasing their child's appropriate behaviour and decreasing their problem behaviour during a valued family routine. In order to establish the combination of parent training strategies that were sufficient to teach parents to effectively implement the intervention plan, a series of parent training strategies were introduced in a planned way. The strategies included role-play, verbal instruction, verbal instruction plus feedback, coaching and video-feedback. Results showed that for all parents skill acquisition did not occur until the final phase, video-feedback. Successful implementation of the intervention resulted in a corresponding increase in child appropriate behaviour and decrease in child problem behaviour. In addition to that, parents rated the social validity and contextual fit of the intervention highly.

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Duque, Garcia Ismael. "Adapting robot behaviour in smart homes : a different approach using personas." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/19012.

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A challenge in Human-Robot Interaction is tailoring the social skills of robot companions to match those expected by individual humans during their rst encounter. Currently, large amounts of user data are needed to con gure robot companions with these skills. This creates the need of running long-term Human-Robot Interaction studies in domestic environments. A new approach using personas is explored to alleviate this arduous data collection task without compromising the level of interaction currently shown by robot companions. The personas technique was created by Alan Cooper in 1999 as a tool to de ne user archetypes of a system in order to reduce the involvement of real users during the development process of a target system. This technique has proven bene cial in Human-Computer Interaction for years. Therefore, similar bene ts could be expected when applying personas to Human-Robot Interaction. Our novel approach de nes personas as the key component of a computational behaviour model used to adapt robot companions to individual user's needs. This approach reduces the amount of user data that must be collected before a Human-Robot Interaction study, by associating new users to pre-de ned personas that adapt the robot behaviours through their integration with the computational behaviour model. At the same time that the current robot social interaction level expected by humans during the rst encounter is preserved. The University of Hertfordshire Robot House provided the naturalistic domestic environment for the investigation. After incorporating a new module, an Activity Recognition System, to increase the overall context-awareness of the system, a computational behaviour model will be de ned through an iterative research process. The initial de nition of the model was evolved after each experiment based on the iii ndings. Two successive studies investigated personas and determined the steps to follow for their integration into the targeted model. The nal model presented was de ned from users' preferences and needs when interacting with a robot companion during activities of daily living at home. The main challenge was identifying the variables that match users to personas in our model. This approach open a new discussion in the Human-Robot Interaction eld to de ne tools that help reduce the amount of user data requiring collection prior to the rst interaction with a robot companion in a domestic environment. We conclude that modelling people's preferences when interacting with robot companions is a challenging approach. Integrating the Human-Computer Interaction technique into a computational behaviour model for Human-Robot Interaction studies was more di cult than anticipated. This investigation shows the advantages and disadvantages of introducing this technique into Human-Robot Interaction, and explores the challenges in de ning a personas-based computational behaviour model. The continuous learning process experienced helps clarify the steps that other researchers in the eld should follow when investigating a similar approach. Some interesting outcomes and trends were also found among users' data, which encourage the belief that the personas technique can be further developed to tackle some of the current di culties highlighted in the Human-Robot Interaction literature.

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Redmond, Elizabeth C. "Food safety behaviour in the home : development, application and evaluation of a social marketing food safety education initiative." Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/5900.

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Foodborne disease is recognised as an important public health problem, with the domestic kitchen thought to be a point of origin for many cases. Foodborne pathogens associated with a range of raw foods can contaminate the kitchen unless appropriate food safety control measures are implemented. Consumer food safety education is therefore required to improve food safety practices during food preparation, and thus reduce the risk of foodborne disease. Quantitative and qualitative research methods have been used to evaluate consumer attitudes towards food safety in the domestic kitchen and food safety education. Additionally, food safety behaviours have been assessed using an advanced observational technique incorporating CCTV and risk based scoring. This provided a quantitative assessment of the frequency, consistency and reproducibility of food safety malpractices, and enabled an evaluation of food safety intervention effectiveness. Observations showed that food safety behaviours were variable and in many cases unsafe, indicating the need for food safety education. Overall, general consumer attitudes towards food safety in the domestic kitchen and food safety education were positive, although differences in respondent demographics highlighted the need for targeted educational efforts. Research findings informed development of a social marketing initiative that aimed to improve specific food safety behaviours. Observation results showed that the majority of consumers implemented unsafe cross contamination behaviours, so improvement of such actions was determined as the behavioural objective of the initiative. An evaluation of behaviours before and after intervention suggested that a 'one-off’ social marketing strategy resulted in an initial behavioural improvement, which was not wholly maintained after 4-6 weeks. Results indicate that application of social marketing to food safety education may help to improve consumer food safety behaviours and reduce the risk of foodborne disease. Cumulatively, this thesis has improved our understanding of consumer food safety behaviour, and provided important data to inform the development of future food safety education initiatives that intend to raise awareness of food safety issues, and bring about behavioural change.

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Oliver, Colin Malcolm. "The role of the ram in the impala (Aepyceros melampus) mating system." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03292005-104752/.

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Bergqvist, Malin. "Designing for Empathy in Elderly Care : Exploration of Opportunities to Deliver Behaviour Change Interventions through mHealth Applications, to Promote Empathic Behaviour in Elderly Home Care Nursing Assistants." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157588.

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Background The Swedish population is ageing quickly and the system for elderly home care is under increasing pressure. Staff turnover is high, nursing assistants are reporting stress, and employers have to recruit staff lacking sufficient experience. These factors are barriers to empathic care, considered essential to patient health outcomes. Elderly care should rely on cognitive empathy, be other-oriented and improve the client’s situation based on contextual understanding. There is a need for education and support for nursing assistants, so that they can provide empathic care. Purpose The thesis explores empathy as a skill in elderly home care to identify opportunities of promoting empathy in the client-nursing assistant interaction, by means of behaviour change interventions delivered through an mHealth application that nursing assistants already use at work. Method A group interview was conducted with six nursing assistants from four elderly home care organisations in a Swedish municipality, to learn about their experience of empathy at work, and factors affecting their ability to give empathic care. The respondents were using the same mHealth application to get and provide information about client visits. The Behaviour Change Wheel framework was used to analyze behavioural drivers of empathic care in elderly home care. Results Influences on empathic behaviour was identified in all 14 domains in the Theoretical Domains Framework. 13 target behaviours, 7 Intervention Functions and 45 Behaviour Change Techniques were suggested as suitable candidates to investigate for intervention development. Conclusion Empathy seems possible to promote through resource-efficient digital behaviour change interventions. Future studies may use this work as a starting point for development of interventions to promote empathic behaviour in elderly care.

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Reynolds, John J. "Population ecology, home range size, and caching behaviour of red squirrels, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, in Terra Nova National Park, Newfoundland." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23171.pdf.

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Al-Qhatani, Mushabab Said. "The impact of family socialisation on juvenile deliquency behaviour in Saudi Arabia, An exploratory study of the behaviour of probation home inmates and high school students in Abha City." Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511011.

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Snow, Stephen. "Beyond energy savings: Exploring how design can extend the scope of eco-feedback for users in the home." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/83983/1/Stephen_Snow_Thesis.pdf.

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As energy use information is becoming increasingly visible and sharable, this research aimed to inform the design of eco-feedback systems for the home. It involved observation and analysis of people's practices, which involve energy use, and their use of a domestic eco-feedback system. The question was asked: how can design best engage people with energy consumption information- making feedback more relevant to home occupants? In addressing this, a specifically bottom-up approach was employed, studying what people actually do with eco-feedback, rather than what technologists imagine eco-feedback will do to people.

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Schroeder, Cathryn. "Culturally responsive, family-centered positive behaviour support with a Taiwanese family of a child with autism in two home settings." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43125.

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Many studies have documented the effectiveness of positive behaviour support (PBS) as an empirical approach to supporting families of children with autism who engage in problem behaviour; however, there remains little research to date on supporting families of different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a culturally responsive, family-centered PBS approach to intervention on child problem behaviour and participation within two valued family routines, for a child with autism in a family of a diverse cultural and linguistic background. A quasi-experimental multiple baseline design across two routines was used to investigate the association between implementation of the intervention approach and child behaviour and routine participation. In addition, qualitative case study methods were employed to help gain a deeper understanding of the family’s cultural perspectives related to the design and implementation of a PBS plan and of the interventionist’s perspectives on providing behavioural services aimed at cultural responsivity. Quantitative results displayed evidence of two basic effects, in that substantial improvement in child behaviour and routine participation occurred at the point of intervention in both the dinner and sibling play routines. Qualitative results revealed five themes important to providing culturally responsive, family-centered PBS to a family of a diverse cultural and linguistic background. Global measures of child and family functioning also provided evidence of further positive outcomes associated with the intervention process, in terms of improvements in child behavioural and emotional functioning, family quality of life and parental stress as reported by the child’s mother, and family cohesion and flexibility as reported by the child’s father. All results are discussed in terms of contributions to the literature, implications for practice, cautions and limitations, and directions for future research.

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Al-Ghadyan, Soliman A. "Using multisystemic treatment for treating juveniles with serious delinquent behaviour in the social observation home in Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3538.

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This study was conducted to examine the use of multisystemic treatment for treating juveniles with serious delinquency, as a new approach within the Saudi Arabian context.Multisystemic treatment addresses behaviour problems as multidetermined by interacting individual, family, school, peers, and community systems. This study attempted to determine the impact of the multisystemic therapy on the behaviour of young offenders with serious delinquency and in increasing their level of self-esteem and religious behaviour.The fieldwork was conducted in 2000-0 I in the Social Observation Home in Riyadh City. The project consisted of three parts: therapists training for one month, a treatment programme for three months and follow up, conducted in two periods of two months each, with a seven months interval. An experimental and control group, prepost test design was adopted. Twenty juveniles with serious delinquency (age 14-18) were assigned to each group. The experimental group received multisystemic treatment, and the control group received the Home's usual service (individual therapy).Outcomes were measured by, self-reports (Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and Level of Religious Measurement), official misconducts, family relations, peer relations, school attendance & grades and observed religious practice. Qualitative information was obtained from six case studies (three experimental, three control) and from interviews with young offenders, their relatives and the Home staff.The results indicated greater gain and long-term positive impact on the behaviour of young offenders in the experimental than in the control group, on all measures. The improvement in self-esteem and religious practice in association with multisystemic treatment are especially noteworthy, as these factors have been subject to little or no previous investigation, and are particularly important in relation to delinquency in the Saudi context.It is concluded, that provided appropriate resources are allocated to the application, multisystemic treatment can be adapted to meet the unique cultural concerns of the Saudi context.

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Gray, Miriam. "The effect of care worker communication style on the communicative behaviour of care home residents with dementia : a mixed methods study." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14396/.

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Previous research into communication between care workers and care home residents with dementia has not utilised the experience of healthcare professionals who work with people with dementia on a daily basis. Previous research mostly consists of observational studies and the assessment of care worker training programmes. No study has yet attempted to establish the efficacy of isolated communication strategies, recommended by healthcare professionals, and administered by care workers within a residential care setting. This thesis first presents the thematic analysis of 16 semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals who have experience of working with people with dementia. The participants discuss the personal characteristics required in a healthcare professional to facilitate communication, the verbal and non-verbal strategies they use and the organisational factors which can impact the delivery of communication as desired. Two of the recommended strategies, alpha commands and pacing an interaction, were then analysed experimentally. Three care worker-resident dyads were videoed during morning care routines in an ABAC design. Resident communicative behaviour was measured using an amended version of the Positive Response Schedule (PRS) (Perrin, 1997), the Resistiveness to Care Scale (RTC-DAT) (Mahoney et al., 1999) and compliance. It was found that the conditions containing a significantly higher percentage of alpha commands produced significantly higher PRS scores. This was shown within each dyad and across the dyads (r=+0.65, p<0.05). The results for the pacing condition were inconclusive as the residents responded quickly after instructions were given. This exploratory study found a significant effect of alpha commands on the communicative behaviour of care home residents with dementia. The implications for future research and care worker training are discussed.

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King, Sarah Rachel Buckley. "Behavioural ecology of Przewalski horses (Equus przewalskii) reintroduced to Hustai National Park, Mongolia." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/26245.

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Studies on the behavioural ecology of Przewalski horses (Equus przewalskiiy) recently reintroduced into Hustai National Park, Mongolia were carried out between 1998 and 2000. Home range size and habitat use, social, marking, and vigilance behaviour, and their reaction to flies were quantified. Home ranges of harems ranged from 129 ha to 2399 ha, with core areas of between 61 ha and 1196 ha. There was no relationship between range size and harem size, or length of time since release. The more nutritious vegetation at lower elevations was preferentially selected. The horses rested near ridges during the hotter parts of the day where there were fewer flies, and grazed in the valleys in the mornings and evenings. Woodland areas were used to shelter from the sun, despite their high fly abundance. Muscid flies were most frequently caught; Tabanids were rare. Dominance was related to age, aggression and length of time in the harem. The frequency of associative behaviours did not correlate with any social factor, but had a hygienic function. Stallions marked stud piles wid mare eliminations in different ways suggesting different functions. In addition to being vigilant for predators, the horses appeared to scan for social cues and food patches. Home range size and habitat use, and general pattern of marking and vigilance behaviour, of the wild Przewalski horses were similar to those seen among feral domestic horses, although they tended to be less aggressive than captive and feral horses. So far, the re-establishment of przewalski horses into HNP appears to have been successful, although constant monitoring of the population is necessary. As the population grows, there will be potential problems to do with exceeding the carrying capacity of the park and hybridisation with domestic horses. The future management of the horses is discussed.

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Christ, Kaaren R. "Children with problematic sexual behaviour in long term foster care : a review of attachment difficulties within care giving relationships and placement instability." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99560.

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The purpose of this theoretical study was to examine factors associated with the development of attachment relationships for children in long term foster care who Overt demonstrating problematic sexual behaviour. Due to the dearth in available research on this topic, it was necessary to draw from studies in three distinct areas (1) Attachment, (2) Childhood Sexuality, and (3) Placement Stability. In total, the present study examines 13 studies drawn from these three areas, and includes 11 quantitative and 2 mixed method studies.
These studies were chosen for their attention to the middle age child in foster care who was demonstrating problematic sexual behaviour. Due to the lack of attachment studies on fostered middle age children, two infant studies were included with the rationale that middle age children and foster parents engage in a similar attachment process and infant studies would provide direction and context for future studies with older children. In the area of childhood sexuality, clinical samples were also included as they contained large numbers of children who had experienced sexual abuse or who had contact with child protection agencies even if they did not reside in foster care.
Studies were examined along dimensions of sample, methods and findings. The results of this inquiry are then discussed, weaving together the three areas of study to answer two research questions: Is there a relationship between problematic childhood sexual behaviour and the development of a successful attachment relationship with a foster parent? And secondly, is there a particular foster parent attachment profile that promotes attachment security with children who are in care?
Studies reviewed support the hypothesis that problematic childhood sexual behaviour presents challenges to foster parents significant enough to seriously impair the development of a secure attachment and that the foster parent's attachment state of mind will be an important factor in success. Results of the analysis of these questions contribute to an emerging hypothesis that the human sexual system may be intricately woven together with the attachment system, making an attachment analysis of problematic sexual behaviour in children particular relevant. A concluding discussion examines clinical issues which may be targets of intervention and the necessity of future research in this area is proposed.

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Slade, Melanie. "A longitudinal sociometric study of pupils in one urban primary school : the relationship between status, behaviour, achievement, gender, ethnicity and home language." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2012. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/8884/.

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Pearce, Rebecca. "Blind belief in a commodified natural resource : a grounded theory." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15037.

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This research examines the application of a Classic Glaserian Grounded Theory methodology to the phenomenon of drought when viewed from the perspective of household water users in southern England. The resulting conceptual work calls into question the effectiveness of water-wise messaging and current Government policies on water management, by highlighting the double assurances afforded to the public through their own observations of the natural cycling of water resources between atmosphere and land, and the continuous operation of the regulated water industry, that together sustain blind belief in the ongoing availability of potable water resources. To establish a clear separation between the development of substantive theory and mixed method studies that claim to take a grounded theory approach that are generally more popular within the discipline of Human Geography, the theory is presented alongside two pieces of work; a collection of modern drought histories and a questionnaire. Developed as part of the necessary process of cycling alternate projects to enable a theory to emerge from the data whilst the researcher is distracted from forcing her own ideas onto it, both these pieces can be viewed separately or as supportive companions to the theory. Additionally, in acknowledging the difficulty in presenting a Classic Grounded Theory in the traditional discussional form, for the benefit of the reader the theory is preceded by an autoethnography, which incorporates descriptive elements taken from field notes and the author’s personal water diary. These works draw data from subjects in three counties in England (Norfolk, Kent, and Devon), following the northwest – southeast rainfall gradient. Supplementary material for the drought histories is drawn from local and national archives and recorded oral histories. The primary emphasis of this work is placed on assessing the merits of each of the methods deployed in addressing environmental social science issues in the context of climate change, which hitherto have been focused on perception questionnaires and the development of popular cultural typologies.

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Harmsen, Nadine, and Manuela Wurm. "Born Globals and their Strategic Behaviour : - A case study of small and medium sized companies in a global business environment." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20944.

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A lot of research has been done concerning the internationalization process of companies. However, researchers have identified a new type of firm that is leapfrogging and is operating internationally right after inception. These companies are Born Globals. We are interested in this trend and the purpose of this research is to understand the strategic behaviour of Born Globals. Therefore, we have done qualitative research on these companies and we will focus on their pre-internationalization steps, their key drivers and their relation to the home market. We have found three case companies, who have helped us in our understandings and we have made several conclusions, regarding their strategic behaviour.

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Fan, Chi-sun. "The Consent Scheme in Hong Kong its evolution and evaluation : home buyer behaviour in Housing Society's property transactions before and after the Asian financial crisis /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31640278.

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Carlander, Jakob. "On the Effect of Occupant Behavior and Internal Heat Gains on the Building’s Energy Demand : A case study of an office building and a retirement home." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-35507.

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About 12% of the greenhouse gas emissions and 40% of the total energy use in the EU derive from the buildings. User behavior, construction, and HVAC systems has a significant impact on a building’s energy use. If a building is to be energy-efficient it is important to understand how all these parameters are connected. This study is motivated by the need to decrease the energy use in buildings to reach the goals of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. In this thesis, measurements of indoor climate and electricity use, together with time diaries was used to create input data for an energy simulation model of a retirement home. A parametric study was conducted to simulate how energy demand was affected by changes in five different parameters in an office building. Also, two different energy-efficiency indicators were used to see how indicators can affect the perceived energy-efficiency of buildings. High amount of airing and low electricity use had the most impact on the heating demand in the retirement home, and electricity use had the highest impact on the total energy demand in the office building. The model of the retirement home using data gathered on-site had 24% higher energy use than the model using standard user input data. In the office building, total energy demand for heating and cooling could be lowered with 12-31% by lowering the electricity use with 30% compared to standard user input data. For office buildings the most important thing to lower total energy demand seems to be lowering the electricity use. Using today’s standard user input data does not correspond well to using on-site gathered data in a retirement home and it is therefore important to develop the standard user input data further. The indicator kWh/m2, seems to promote buildings with low occupancy. This could lead to buildings being utilized in an in-efficient way. The indicator kWh/m2 should either be replaced or combined with an indicator that takes occupancy into consideration.
Runt 12% av utsläppen av växthusgaser och 40% av den totala energianvändningen i EU kommer från byggnader. Brukarbeteende, konstruktion och HVAC-system har signifikant påverkan på en byggnads energianvändning. Om en byggnad ska bli så energieffektiv som möjligt är det viktigt att förstå hur dessa parametrar hör ihop. Denna studie motiveras av behovet att minska energianvändning i byggnader för att nå målen för energianvändning och utsläpp av växthusgaser. I denna avhandling användes mätningar av inomhusklimat och elanvändning, tillsammans med tidsdagböcker, för att skapa indata till en energisimuleringsmodell av ett ålderdomshem. En parameterstudie genomfördes för att simulera hur energibehovet påverkades av ändringar i fem olika parametrar i en kontorsbyggnad. Två olika indikatorer för energieffektivitet användes också, för att se hur olika indikatorer påverkar hur en byggnads energieffektivitet uppfattas. Hög grad av vädring och låg elanvändning hade störst påverkan av energibehovet i ålderdomshemmet, och i kontorsbyggnaden påverkades det totala energibehovet mest av elanvändningen. Modellen av ålderdomshemmet där data insamlad på plats användes hade 24% högre värmebehov än modellen som använde standardiserade brukarindata. Det totala energibehovet för värme och kyla i kontorsbyggnaden kunde sänkas med 12-31% genom att sänka elanvändningen med 30% jämfört med standardiserad brukarindata. Det viktigaste för att få ner det totala energibehovet i kontorsbyggnader verkar vara att sänka elanvändningen. Att använda dagens standardvärden för brukarindata överensstämmer inte väl med att använda data insamlad på plats för ett ålderdomshem. Det är därför viktigt att vidareutveckla standardiserad brukarindata. Indikatorn kWh/m2 verkar främja byggnader med låg beläggning. Detta skulle kunna leda till att byggnader utnyttjas på ett ineffektivt sätt. Indikatorn kWh/m2 skulle därför behöva ersättas eller kombineras med en indikator som även tar byggnadens beläggning i beaktande.

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Sharp, Catherine Angharad. "Development and evaluation of a healthy eating and physical activity behaviour change intervention targeting 3-4 year old children at school, extending to the home." Thesis, Bangor University, 2017. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/development-and-evaluation-of-a-healthy-eating-and-physical-activity-behaviour-change-intervention-targeting-3--4-year-old-children-at-school-extending-to-the-home(13127e97-1312-4149-86d6-96bf732e07d8).html.

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The global obesity epidemic is a multifactorial problem associated with severe health consequences. The lifestyle behaviours of diet and physical activity are learned early, often tracking into adulthood. Identifying preventive interventions to establish children’s healthy lifestyle behaviours, in line with recommended guidelines, is a public health priority. The ‘Food Dudes’ programme is a well-evidenced behaviour change intervention, producing large and lasting increases in children’s consumption of fruit and vegetables in primary school settings. An extension of the programme, targeting physical activity, is the novel ‘Dynamic Dudes’intervention, recently trialled in primary schools. This thesis aimed to develop and evaluate a ‘Super Dynamic Food Dudes’ intervention, underpinned by the same behavioural principles as the respective primary school programmes. Chapter 1 provides a detailed literature review and identifies a paucity of such interventions. Chapter 2 modified and evaluated the Food Dudes Early Years intervention designed to increase pre-school children’s consumption of fruit and vegetables. To identify a suitable activity measurement tool, Chapter 3 validated use of the consumer-grade Fitbit Zip accelerometer to measure pre-school children’s step counts. Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 describe the development and feasibility of two physical activity components, interactive stories and in-class exercise DVDs, respectively, which were later integrated in a controlled pilot of the new physical activity intervention in Chapter 6. Drawing on outcomes and process evaluation from the preceding chapters, Chapter 7 describes and justifies further modifications to the interventions. Chapter 8 presents a controlled evaluation of the finalised two-pronged multi-component intervention in the school setting, with extension to the home. Main short-term outcomes were large and significantly greater increases in consumption of fruit and vegetables, and physical activity, in the intervention conditions, compared to the control conditions, replicating findings in primary school children. The pre-school multi-component intervention provides a promising method of preventing childhood obesity.

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Campos-Candela, Andrea. "Linking individual behaviour and life history: bioenergetic mechanisms, eco-evolutionary outcomes and management implications." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/89047.

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Animal behaviour is a state variable of the individual that deserves special attention given its determinant role in eco-evolutionary processes (Wolf et al. 2007 in Nature). The decomposition of the behavioural variation in between- and within-individual variability has revealed the existence of consistent between-individual differences referred to as personality or behavioural types (Dall et al. 2004 in Ecology Letters). Five axes of personality are usually recognized (exploration, aggressiveness, activity, sociability and boldness), and individual specificities along them tend to be correlated leading to what is known as behavioural syndromes. Recently, these patterns of covariation have been enlarged to accommodate movement behaviour within a personality-dependent spatial ecology theory (Spiegel et al. 2017 in Ecology Letters). Most animals tend to forage, reproduce and develop any activity within specific bounded space, which leads to the formation of home range (HR) areas (i.e., HR behaviour, Börger et al. 2008 in Ecology Letters). The increasing development of animal tracking technology is providing a huge amount of movement data revealing that HR behaviour is widespread among taxa and shows a large consistent variability, both at within- and between-individual level, which allows to define the existence of well-contrasted spatial behavioural types (SBTs). SBTs, as other personality traits, play an important role in selective processes as those impelled by harvesting activities. The Pace-of-Life-Syndrome (POLS) theory (Réale et al. 2010 in Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci), hypothesises on how personality traits are expected to be correlated with life history (LH) traits along the fast-slow continuum (Stearns 1992 in Oxford Univ. Press) in the broadest sense. Accordingly, patterns of covariation between specific SBTs, physiology-related features and LHs would be expected to exist whenever they maximize the animal performance in a given environment. However, the way in which behavioural variation at the within-species level is translated to the wide range of LH traits remains a fundamental yet unresolved question, mainly due to the lack of a proper theoretical framework (Mathot & Frankenhuis, March 2018 in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology). Thus, unrevealing the mechanisms behind is certainly scientifically very exciting but also socially relevant. In such a context, this PhD thesis aimed to address from conceptual, empirical and theoretical perspectives cornerstone questions in behavioural ecology: what are the feasible mechanisms underpinning the establishment of HR areas and within-species variation, what are their consequences for animal functioning and performance (i.e., in. LH traits) at the individual and eco-evolutionary levels, or what are the implications for the assessment and conservation of wildlife of the existence of SBTs. The PhD thesis focusses in a fish heavily exploited by recreational fishers but it aims to provide general reasoning applicable to a wide range of wild animals. First, the PhD thesis proposes a mechanistic theory of personality-dependent movement behaviour based on dynamic energy budget models (i.e., a behavioural-bioenergetics theoretical model). Second, integrated in the field of animal personality (i.e., decomposition of behavioural variability into within- and between-individual’s components), it addresses empirically the study of behavioural variability in the main axis of personality for a marine fish species and looked for evidences of whether personality-mediated differences in energy acquisition may exist. Aiming to support empirically the possible connections between personality traits and space-use behaviour, the thesis provides some insights on the application of a novel-tracking algorithm to analyse the movement of individual fish submitted to different experimental conditions. Third, it provides two examples of how applying HR-related theoretical concepts may improve the management of natural resources: attending the properties of HR may facilitate the assessment of wildlife using fixed monitoring sampling stations, and considering SBTs may influence the assessment of the status of wild fish stocks. Finally, the adaptive value of the proposed behavioural-bioenergetics theory is explored by means of dynamic optimization to understand the eco-evolutionary consequences related with HR variability. In summary, this PhD thesis makes an important contribution to behavioural ecology by developing a unifying theory to test the generality and adaptive value of POLS based on dynamic energy budgets. This behavioural-bioenergetics model connects (1) personality traits (2) HR behaviour, (3) physiology and (4) LH traits through an interwoven of mass/energy fluxes, within which they interact and feedback with the ecological context. Overall, from an eco-evolutionary perspective, the proposed framework constitutes a powerful tool for exploring the ecological role of HR behaviour and predicting what combination of behavioural traits would be evolutionally favoured in a given ecological context. Moving forward to including managerial scenarios, this unifying theory provides scientifically founded knowledge that would promote to improve natural resource management by attending the behavioural component of animal populations.

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Warner, Catherine. "Music therapy with adults with learning difficulties and 'severe challenging behaviour' : an action research inquiry into the benefits of group music therapy within a community home." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2005. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/24593/.

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This thesis describes and analyses an action research inquiry where weekly group music therapy sessions were offered to five residents in their community home over the course of a year. The residents each had a history of institutional living, learning difficulties, and the label of ‘severe challenging behaviour’. The inquiry is in the tradition of participatory action research, and draws from both the new paradigm approaches of Reason and Heron and critically reflexive action research. The inquiry took the form of two parts. A co-operative inquiry involved home staff, music therapists and daycare workers who reflected critically on the impact, benefits, barriers and threats to the music therapy process. The therapy sessions became the arena for inquiry between the residents, music therapists and daycare worker. Involvement in the dual aspects of therapeutic process and research inquiry was managed by careful consideration of the therapeutic boundaries, ongoing ethical discussion within the co-operative inquiry and perspectives from independent advisers with learning difficulties. We as co-researchers sought to inquire into the benefits of the music therapy group within the community home. The perspective of the residents, who had few language skills, became central to this process. The main focus for inquiry within the sessions was through changes that developed within the musical relationships and by resident action. The extended epistemology of new paradigm research emphasises forms of knowing that were accessible to the residents, such as experiential, practical and arts-based forms of knowledge. Analysis of the data involved collaborative reflection, often provoked by the use of different media, rigorous thematic analysis and creative forms in the representation of the data. I situate the context through personal, practical, theoretical, historical, political and ethical perspectives, leading to the inquiry narratives. A detailed explanation of the thematic analysis follows before the data are presented in chapters named after each resident. The use of music as a primary means of inquiry has meant a tension when this non-verbal experience is described in words. A number of benefits of the music therapy emerged, such as changing fixed relationship patterns and the expression of a group identity. However, the primary contribution of this research is the way in which people with severe learning difficulties were able to influence the course of the inquiry themselves, and challenge staff and institutional perceptions.

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Day, Emma. ""It's like you're dead alive" : how do professional care staff construct challenging behaviour amongst residential and nursing home residents living with dementia : a discourse analysis approach." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600131.

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This study set out to acknowledge the voices of carers of people with dementia and to incorporate this into the present literature regarding dementia. The study therefore sought to ask: How do professional care staff construct challenging behaviour amongst residential and nursing home residents living with dementia? Interviews were conducted with twelve care staff working m residential and nursing homes and their transcripts were subjected to Foucauldian Discourse Analysis. Close examination of the data suggested four main discourses that were used interchangeably by all participants: The dualistic nature of dementia, causal explanations, challenging behaviour as a form of self-expression and the management of the disorder. It is thought that these discourses were drawn upon by participants to open and close the dialectical gap between 4healthy' staff and 'unhealthy' people with dementia. The researcher suggests that this may highlight the prevalence of 'othering' in care practices in addition to implications for identity formation and the management of blame and responsibility. It is argued, amongst other issues, that in order to achieve national dementia objectives (DoH, 2009; 2010), training of care staff should focus on the language and discourses drawn upon by staff Specifically, the use of 'distress reaction' should be considered as an alternative to 'challenging behaviour' to open up new opportunities for thinking and care practices. Furthermore, it is suggested that clinical psychologists have a leadership role to play in ensuring staff are reflecting on the influence their language may have on their clinical practice and in the constitution of an effective culture of care.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Home behaviour'

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