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Uciecha, Andrzej. "Stephan Schiwietz (Siwiec) – uczeń w szkole Maxa Sdralka." Vox Patrum 64 (December 15, 2015): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.3728.
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Stefan Schiwietz (Stefan Siwiec), 1863-1941 – a Roman Catholic priest, Doctor of Theology, historian of the Eastern Orthodox Church, pedagogue – was born in Miasteczko Śląskie (Georgenberg) on 23th August 1863. He studied theology at the University of Wrocław for 3 years (1881-1884) under H. Laemmer, F. Probst, A. König and M. Sdralek, among others, and then continued his theological studies in Innsbruck (1884-1886), where he was a pupil of J. Jungmann and G. Bickell. The seminarist spent two years (1885-1886) in Freising in Bavaria, where in 1886 he took his holy orders. Siwiec published his doctoral thesis in Wrocław in 1896, so at the time when Sdralek took the chair of Church History. The subject of the Silesian scholar’s dissertation concerned the monastic reform of Theodore the Studite De S. Theodoro Studita reformatore monachorum Basilianorum. Siwiec combined his didactic work as a religious and mathematics teacher in the public middle school in Racibórz with his academic studies on the history of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, especially on monasticism. The results of his research were published both in German and in Polish. His most significant work is a three-volume monograph Das morgenländische Mönchtum (Bd. 1: Das Ascetentum der drei ersten christl. Jahrhunderte und das egyptische Mönchtum im vierten Jahrhundert, Mainz 1904; Bd. 2: Das Mönchtum auf Sinai und in Palästina im 4 Jahrhundert, Mainz 1913; Bd. 3: Das Mönchtum in Syrien und Mesopotamien und das Aszetentum in Persien vierten Jarhundert, Mödling bei Wien 1938) on the history of the beginnings and development of Oriental monasticism in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Persia, until the 4th century, which up to the present day has been cited in the world Patristic literature. Yet, Siwiec’s academic work still remains little known, especially in the circle of historians of antiquity and Polish patrologists. The equally little known figure of Max Sdralek, another Silesian (coming from Woszczyce) priest and academic, Rector of University of Wrocław, provides a significant context with the research methodology which this eminent scholar initiated, developed and tried to pass down to his pupils, among whom was also Stefan Siwiec. Sdralek strictly demanded that the principle of the priority of Church history over history of religion and psychology should be kept. In his works a description of socio-cultural factors and natural conditions determining the process of development of Christianity enables to see in a much clearer way how God’s plan has unfolded in history. The mutual dependence of Sdralek and Siwiec, the similarities and differences in their ways of studying and understanding Church history still remains an issue worth further exploration.
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Bieszczad, Jakub. "Dublowanie historii. Zbiór ADF Suessonem 1884, Rer. Var. nr 5° jako inne spojrzenie na życie i dzieło o. Leona Jana Dehona." Sympozjum 27, no. 2 (45) (2024): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25443283sym.23.017.19570.
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A two-year work experience at the Dehonian Studies’Centre has given to the author the chance to work with a set of Archives of the Holy Office concerning the inquisitorial trial, held between 1882 and 1884, over the mystical writings circulating in the circles of the Institute of the Oblates of the Sacred Heart of Saint-Quentin. The documents show new dimensions of the now semi-mythical affair commonly referred to in the institute as Consummatum est. The author attempts to outline where narratives are either based on a founding myth or on an attempt to dissimulate an inconvenient truth. Starting from an analysis of the ADF fond Suessonem 1884, Rer. Var. no. 5° lists four nodes of this story that seem more complex than the existing narrative would suggest: the morphology of the process itself, the canonical situation that affects the praxis of the Holy Office, the relationship with the ecclesiastical authorities and the nature of the mystical movement that developed around the Oblates. These sites are also presented as invitations to further research.
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Běhalová, Štěpánka. "The Journey of the Spiritual Song Pozdvihni se duše z prachu [Raise, Thou Soul, Thyself from the Dust] from a Printed Broadside to a Hymn Book." Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae – Historia litterarum 62, no. 1-2 (2017): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amnpsc-2017-0007.
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The article deals with the publication of the song for the Holy Mass with the incipit Pozdvihni se duše z prachu [Raise, Thou Soul, Thyself from the Dust] in the 19th century. The author of the text of this song is the Premonstratensian Eugen Karel Tupy, also known under the pseudonym Boleslav Jablonsky. This song for the Holy Mass is included in the current unified hymn book in the section of the Ordinary and common chants of the Mass as number 517. In the 19th century, the song was published in several types of printed media. Its earliest extant edition is a broadside from 1845, which was followed by similar editions from 1849 and 1850, 1854, 1855, 1859 and another two undated. In 1852, the author himself included it in the second edition of the prayer book Růže sionská [The Rose of Zion], although it is not part of the first edition from 1845. In the same year, the song was included in the hymn book Písně ke mši svaté pro školní mládež [Songs for the Holy Mass for School Children] and three years later in a hymn book from the same printing house Písně ke mši svaté, k úžitku osady Hostounské a Únětické [Songs for the Holy Mass to Be Used in the Settlements of Hostouň and Unětice] and in 1860 in the Zpěvník pro chrám, školu i dům [The Hymnal for Church, School and Home]. At that time, it also appeared in the contemporary Perla pravých křesťanů [A Pearl of True Christians], compiled by František Křenek and published in 1860, as well as in the prayer book Květinná malá zahrádka [A Small Flower Garden], published in the printing house of Alois Josef Landfras and his son in Jindřichův Hradec around 1860. The song was also included in Písně a modlitby pro studující katolickou mládež [Songs and Prayers for Young Catholic Students] by Blahorod Čap, who had the collection printed in Litomyšl in 1869. The penetration of the text of the song by a renowned poet and writer from broadsides to hymnals and prayer books provides interesting and rare evidence of the journey of an artificial song to the unified hymn book.
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Hosoi, Shosuke. "Modernization of Topographic Mapping by Japan Meiji Government – Introduction of French Army Mapping Technology and afterwards." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-119-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In Japan, the political system was changed greatly and new Meiji government under Meiji Emperor was born in 1868. Meiji government made great efforts to modernize Japan to hold its independence, hiring many professionals from the western advanced countries, sending many students to the western advanced countries, establishing obligatory education system, and so on.</p><p>It invited French military mission to modernize its army. The mission arrived in Japan in 1872 and stayed until 1880 changing its members. It included engineer officers as follows: Engineer captain Albert Jourdan (1872&ndash;1878), Engineer captain Ernest Vieillard (1873&ndash;1876), Engineer lieutenant captain Lucian Kreitmann (1876-1888) and two other engineer officers succeed until 1880. They worked fundamentally as the teachers of engineering including survey and mapping. Jourdan had additional works as Coast Defense plan and military construction such as Military School.</p><p> Jourdan participated in the Japan Coast Defense Planning Mission headed by French mission chief and ordered by the Army Minister,Yamagata. Coast Defense Plan maps were drawn for Kagosima Bay, Hakodate Bay, Tsuruga Bay, etc. Japanese officers of the General Staff Bureau engaged in making base maps for planning and supported the Mission in the field. The mapping technology would be transferred to the Japanese officers on the job.</p><p>The French Mission members began various military educations in 1872. TIZU SAISIKI (Map Color Rule) was published in 1873, which was translated book by Tomohiro Kosuge (later, the founder and the first director of Japan Land Survey) and others from a French map book brought by Jourdan. Jourdan and Vieillard taught military engineering, based on the textbooks 1855 for French engineer regimental schools, which were translated by T. Kosuge and others and published as KOUHEI SOUTEN (Manual for Military Engineers) including Survey Division in 1873&ndash;1875.</p><p>In 1875, Grand Military Field Exercise was held in Narashinohara near Tokyo, when the field was surveyed at 1/10,000 scale with six plane table teams including T. Kosuge directed by E. Vieillard and a map was compiled and published next year.</p><p>In 1876, the first three textbooks on mapping of the Military School were printed ; SOKUTI KOUHON (Land Survey Textbook), TIRIZUGAKU KOUHON (Topography Textbook) and SOKUTI KANHOU (Rapid Survey Method in the Military School. The former two were Kreitmann’s lecture records and the last one was translated book of a textbook of French Artillery and Engineering Application School Military Field Exercise was held in Narashinohara, when the field was surveyed with plane table method at 1/20,000 scale by the Military School pupils directed by L. Kreitmann. The compiled map was printed next year in the Military School.</p><p>In 1877, Seinan Civil War occurred in Kyushu Islan. Rapid survey maps were drawn by the members of the Survey Division of the Army Ministry. After the war, military field exercise was held in Shimoshidzu, when the field was surveyed with plane table method at 1/20,000 scale by the Military School pupils directed by L. Kreitmann. The compiled map was printed next year in the Military School.</p><p>In 1879, T. Kosuge was nominated to the head of the Survey Division, General Staff Office. He presented his second opinion, “Rapid Survey Plan of the Whole County “ without triangulation which remained as the object of study to the head of the General Staff Office and this plan was accepted.</p><p>In 1880 following the “Rapid Survey Plan”, the rapid survey began with plane table method at 1/20,000 scale in Kanto metropolitan area on a large scale.</p><p>In 1881, according the comparison of the results of the normal triangulation and the graphical triangulation on the plane table, it was concluded that the former should be adopted for the whole country control point survey and that the survey system and organization should be changed.</p><p>In 1889, Army Land Survey was founded by T. Kosuge following the model of Prussian Land Survey, Germany and the first director was T. Kosuge. However, KOUHEI SOUTEN (Manual for Military Engineers) Second Edition, Survey Division was published, translated from the textbook 1883 for the French Engineer Regimental School.</p>
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Andreev, Alexander Alexeevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "Nikolai Alexandrovich VELYAMINOV – leib-medic, academician of medicine, Professor of the Imperial Military medical Academy (to the 165th of birthday)." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 13, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2020-13-1-72.
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Nikolai Alexandrovich Velyaminov was born in 1855 in St. Petersburg. He studied at the gymnasiums of Wiesbaden and Warsaw. In 1872 he entered the Moscow University in physics and mathematics, and in 1873 transferred to the faculty of medicine. In 1877 he was sent to the army in the Caucasus. In 1878-1879, Nikolai Alexandrovich became ill with typhus, developing a chronic process in the lungs, which requires long-term treatment abroad. After recovery in the years 1880-1881 N. And. Velyaminov works in Central Asia as a surgeon of the Akhal-Teke expedition, develops a system of medical sorting and evacuation of the wounded, writes "Memories of the surgeon from the Akhal-Teke expedition." In 1883 he received the degree of doctor of medicine and worked as an assistant to Professor K. K. Reyer, lectured on operative surgery in Women's medical courses. In 1884 N. Ah. Velyaminov becomes an assistant to the chief physician and surgeon of the Holy cross community of sisters of mercy. In 1885 he founded the first in Russia authoritative scientific surgical journal "Surgical Bulletin". Since 1887 N. Ah. Velyaminov as a Junior doctor of the life guards of the Preobrazhensky regiment heads the surgical Department in Krasnoselsky hospital, since 1893 works as the Director of the Maximilian hospital in St. Petersburg, since 1894 the senior doctor of the Semenovsky regiment, is appointed the life-physician and honorary surgeon of the Highest Court, and then the senior doctor of the Imperial headquarters. In 1889 he defended his doctoral thesis. In 1894 N. Ah. Velyaminov is elected Professor of the Military medical Academy. In 1896 he designs the device for the first time in St. Petersburg service of "Ambulance", organizing children's sanatoriums. In 1900, Velyaminov was elected an honorary member of the Royal medical College in London, the Chief Commissioner of the Russian red cross society for assistance to the sick and wounded in the far East. In 1905 N. Ah. Velyaminov was awarded the rank of privy Councilor, and in 1907 was awarded the order of St. Anne of the 1st degree. In the same years N. Ah. Velyaminov was the first in Russia to study occupational injuries, insurance of workers and organized the "Bureau of medical examination for workers" (1907). In 1910 1912 N. Ah. Velyaminova works as the head of the Imperial Military medical Academy in St. Petersburg. In 1913, the conference of the Military medical Academy elected him academician of medicine. At the beginning of World war I. Ah. Velyaminov took part in the work of the Main Directorate of the red cross, and from the end of August he was a surgeon-consultant at the Headquarters of the commander-in-Chief to inspect the surgical case in the army. By the beginning of 1917 N. Ah. Velyaminov held many positions: Director of the Mariinsky hospital for the poor, Alexandrinsky women's hospital and Maximilian hospital; Chairman of the Medical Commission for reception in the sanatorium "khalila", the Russian Society for the protection of public health, the Interdepartmental Commission for the revision of medical legislation; Vice-Chairman of the Committee of the Community of the Seaside sanatorium for chronically ill children; editor of the magazines "Surgical archive" and "Hygiene and sanitary Affairs"; inspector of the court medical unit; honorary consultant of the Alexander-Mariinsky hospital and hospital for incoming patients; consultant of the Royal office for the institutions of the Empress Maria Feodorovna, member of the Board of the Community. Kaufman red cross and the Medical Council of the interior Ministry. In 1919-1920 he headed the Department of surgical pathology with desmurgy at the Women's medical Institute. In March 1920, he was offered the post of Chairman of the Commission for the reform of medical education, from which N. Ah. Velyaminov refused. By this time the new government took away the Professor's apartment, and he found refuge in the utility room of the Petrograd hospital named after Peter the Great. N. And. Velyaminov author of over 100 scientific medical works, including 8 monographs. He described thyrotoxic polyarthritis, gave the classification of diseases of the joints and thyroid gland, one of the first pointed to the importance of the endocrine glands in the development of surgical diseases, used phototherapy; opened the first Russian light therapy room. A lot of new N. And. Velyaminov contributed to the doctrine of surgical treatment of bone tuberculosis and abdominal surgery. April 9, 1920 N. Ah. Velyaminov died and was buried at the Volkov cemetery.
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Jodkowski, Marek. "Bezławki versus Święta Lipka, concerning the building of a rural house for the confirmed on the border of historical Warmia in the 19th century ." Masuro-Warmian Bulletin 295, no. 1 (April 5, 2017): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51974/kmw-134986.
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In 1855 Fr. Otto Hartmann Dobgan took the initiative of establishing a house for the confirmed in Bez�ławki. In his view, such a centre would counterbalance the proselytism of the Catholic priests in Święta Lipka. They took the children from poor Evangelical families who were then preparing for their First Holy Communion. A small house in Bezławki, intended for the confirmed, was purchased on 1 October, 1856. It was designated for use a month later. At first, eight pupils lived there free of charge while preparing for their confirmation. A decision was quickly made to build a new facility. The dedication of the foundational stone was scheduled for 19 April, 1857. In October of that year the work was completed. The consecration of the building took place on 26 June, 1858. This investment was supported by evangelical organizations, especially the Gustavus Adolphus Union, who co-funded the activities of the house. Its caretakers included the Schwarz family, the teacher of Thal and Haases. The centre survived until World War II
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Vladimir Petrovich, Litvinov. "Bunin Yelets State University; Institute of Strategic Analysis and Forecasting, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University." Islamovedenie 13, no. 4 (December 2022): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21779/2077-8155-2022-13-4-43-52.
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The article examines the activities of propagandists of the local pilgrimage of Moslems of Central Asia. Meddahs and risalas have always been popular among local Moslems and their ser-mons in the “holy places” helped attract pilgrims and greatly enlivened the pilgrimage process. The author notes that the Moslem rulers of Central Asia treated their activities differently. As a rule, the authorities did not put up any obstacles if the propagandists did not call for rebellion in their ser-mons and glorified the ruling dynasty. After the annexation of Central Asia to Russia, the authori-ties for a long time did not pay attention to the activities of meddahs and risalas, because they feared that restrictive measures could lead to outrage of the local population. Only after the Andijan uprising of 1898, the tsarist authorities were forced to take measures in order to limit anti-Russian propaganda at the “holy places”. A few years later, meddahs and risalas were allowed to preach in cities, and later in rural areas.
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MUROTANI, KENTA, BIN ZHOU, HIDEAKI KANEDA, EIJI NAKATANI, SHINSUKE KOJIMA, YOJI NAGAI, and MASANORI FUKUSHIMA. "SURVIVAL OF CENTENARIANS IN JAPAN." Journal of Biosocial Science 47, no. 06 (September 18, 2014): 707–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932014000388.
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SummaryThe objective of the study was to explore the survival trends of centenarians in Japan. A cohort of centenarians born between 1881 and 1900 was analysed based on national census data, and the average life expectancy at 100 years of age, risk of death and maximum age were estimated. An analysis of covariance and a Cox regression analysis were performed to explore the factors associated with life expectancy and risk of death. The death rates in centenarians tended to decrease with birth year, and the average life expectancy from the age of 100 slightly increased at a rate of 0.013 years (95% CI: 0.007–0.019) by birth year in men and 0.026 in women. Women had a longer life expectancy than men, with a difference of 0.174 years (95% CI: 0.071–0.277) at birth year 1881 and increasing by 0.013 years per year thereafter. The risk of death in both sexes decreased significantly by birth year over the course of the period analysed, and the risk of death in men was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.14–1.19) times that of women. In women, death rates at every age significantly decreased with birth year over the course of the period analysed until age 104. However, this trend did not hold true for ages 105 and older. The average life expectancy of centenarians at the age of 100 in Japan increased by birth year in the 1881–1900 birth cohort. In addition, Japanese centenarians had the lowest death rates among several countries.
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Solomon, Marjorie, Ana-Maria Iosif, Vanessa P. Reinhardt, Lauren E. Libero, Christine W. Nordahl, Sally Ozonoff, Sally J. Rogers, and David G. Amaral. "What will my child's future hold? phenotypes of intellectual development in 2-8-year-olds with autism spectrum disorder." Autism Research 11, no. 1 (October 27, 2017): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1884.
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Vasnev, Theodosius. "Administration of the Tambov Seminary in 1867–1884." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 180 (2019): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2019-24-180-142-148.
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A special role in the public life of the Tambov province was occupied by the seminary. Particular importance in its development was attached to the administrative structure, a prototype of which is the current organization of higher educational institutions. The election of the rector was held on an alternative basis. The collegial body of management was the pedagogical assembly from 1867–1884. A new phenomenon for this period the seminary functioning was the general as-sembly, which included pedagogical (membership of 6 years) and regulatory (membership of 3 years). The pedagogical assembly was held once a month. Regulatory – once a week. The deci-sion was made by a majority of votes. This experience of introducing an elective element in the Tambov Seminary has had a useful influence on its activities. Unfortunately, not everywhere this practice led to positive results, which later seemed to be the reason for the abolition of this norm during the reforms of 1884, when it was decided that the Holy Synod nominate candidates for such important posts as rector and seminary inspector. It should be noted that similar reforms or “counter-reforms” carried out in the reign of Emperor Alexander III affected all educational institutions of the Russian Empire, including universities, where they toughened some norms of the university statute and, in particular, abolished the current provision according to which rector was elected for his post on an alternative basis.
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Illert, Michael, and Mathias Schmidt. "Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt (1885–1964) in the Third Reich." Neurology 95, no. 2 (June 17, 2020): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000009785.
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Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt (1885–1964) is an internationally known Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology. During the time of National Socialism (1933–1945), he worked in the Charite University Hospital Berlin and moved to Kiel University as Head of the Department for Psychiatry and Neurology in 1938. Until the turn of the millennium, Creutzfeldt was considered to be of moral integrity and an opponent of the Nazi regime and its eugenics measures. Publications of the last years came to the conclusion that this depiction does not hold up. They questioned his relations to the ideas and structures of the National Socialist system, his role as a consultant in the National Socialist's forced sterilization program, a possible involvement in the Nazi euthanasia measures, and his position as a psychiatric consultant for the German navy. The article considers 2 aspects concerning the National Socialist racial hygiene in greater detail by using newly found source material. It is shown that Creutzfeldt, although he did not actively resist, was not acting in the interest of the Nazi regime, but rather was trying to save as much patients as possible by changing their diagnoses and prevent them from being killed in the euthanasia program.
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Kotova, Elena. "The last Congress of the Holy Alliance. Alexander I and K. L. Metternich in Verona in 1822." ISTORIYA 13, no. 9 (119) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840022834-6.
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The last congress of the Holy Alliance was held 200 years ago. The era of congresses has played an important role in the history of Europe. During this period, the foundations of the Vienna system of international relations were laid, formulated at the Congress of 1814—1815. The concert of European powers that developed at that time — Russia, Austria, France, Great Britain, Prussia — determined world politics. The revolutions of 1820—1821 in European countries became a serious challenge to the Vienna system. At the congresses of the Holy Alliance, measures were developed to combat the revolutionary and national liberation movement. Alexander I and Metternich were among the leading actors in international politics of that time. The article pays special attention to their relationship.
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Mikołajczyk, Marcin. "Dymitr Simo Szymanowski - Grek z urodzenia, Kaliszanin z wyboru." Polonia Maior Orientalis I (2014): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/27204006pmo.14.011.17057.
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Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie sylwetki Dymitra Simo Szymanowskiego. Urodził się w macedońskim mieście Bitola. Do czasu przybycia do Kalisza mieszkał w Peszcie na Węgrzech. W Kaliszu zamieszkał po śmierci swojego stryja Mikołaja Szymanowskiego w 1837 r., przejmując po nim handel winem. Obywatel miasta Kalisza, członek Rady miejskiej, Starszy Zgromadzenia Kupieckiego w Kaliszu, przez 25 lat członek Rady Dobroczynności Publicznej Guberni Kaliskiej, należał do kaliskiej gminy greckiej. W l. 50. i 60. XIX w. wchodził w skład Rady Nadzorczej szpitala św. Trójcy oraz komitetu Zupy Rumfordzkiej. Współzałożyciel, wraz z R. Puschem, otwartego w 1855 r. Kaliskiego Domu Schronienia św. Ducha. Główny inicjator, założyciel i dobroczyńca powstałej w 1873 r. Kaliskiej Szkoły Niedzielno-Handlowej. W 1867 r., wraz z innymi kupcami powołał „Stypendium Aleksandryjskie”, przyznawane zdolnym i niezamożnym uczniom kaliskich szkół wyznania prawosławnego. W 1883 r. ufundował swemu stryjowi nagrobek na kaliskim cmentarzu greko-rosyjskim. Żonaty z Albertyną, nie posiadali dzieci. Jedynymi jego krewnymi było dzieci zmarłej siostry Anny, mieszkającej w Bitoli w Macedonii. Zmarł po długiej chorobie 19 X 1889 r., w wieku 78 lat. Pochowany na kaliskim cmentarzu greko–rosyjskim (prawosławnym) w dużej, klasycystycznej, nawiązującej do architektury staroegipskiej kaplicy grobowej. W pozostawionych dwóch testamentach, zapisał znaczne sumy na rzecz instytucji dobroczynnych i użyteczności publicznej w Kaliszu. Dymitr Simo Szymanowski - a Greek, Kalisz citizen by choice The present paper is aimed to familiarize one with the person of Dymitr Simo Szymanowski. He was born in a Macedonian town of Bitola. Until he arrived in Kalisz he had lived in Peszta in Hungary. He moved to Kalisz after his uncle MikołajSzymanowski died in 1837 and he took over his wine business. Citizen of Kalisz, member of the City Council, Chairman of the Trade Assembly in Kalisz, for 25 years board member of the Public Charity Council of Kalisz Province, he was a member of Greek commune in Kalisz. In the 50s and 60s of the XIXth century he was a member of the Holy Trinity’s Hospital’s supervisory council as well as a member of Rumford Soup Committee. Co-founder, alongside with R. Pusch, of the Holy Spirit’s House of Refuge in Kalisz, opened in 1855. Chief initiator, founder and benefactor of Sunday-Trade School in Kalisz founded in 1873. In 1867, together with other traders, he appointed “Alexandrian Scholarship” for students of the orthodox church schools in Kalisz who were gifted and of modest means. In 1883 he funded the gravestone for his uncle at the Greek-Russian graveyard in Kalisz. Married to Albertyna, childless. The only relatives were the children of his late sister Anna lived in Bitola in Macedonia. He died after a long illness on 19th October 1889 at the age of 78. Buried at the Greek-Russian (orthodox) commentary in a big classic sepulchral chapel built in style referring to old-Egyptian architecture. In two wills he left substantial amounts to charities and community services in Kalisz.
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Valtonen, Mauri J., L. Dey, R. Hudec, S. Zola, A. Gopakumar, S. Mikkola, S. Ciprini, et al. "High accuracy measurement of gravitational wave back-reaction in the OJ287 black hole binary." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S338 (October 2017): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921318000170.
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AbstractBlazar OJ287 exhibits large thermal flares at least twice every 12 years. The times of these flares have been predicted successfully using the model of a quasi-Keplerian eccentric black hole binary where the secondary impacts the accretion disk of the primary, creating the thermal flares. New measurements of the historical light curve have been combined with the observations of the 2015 November/December flare to identify the impact record since year 1886, and to constrain the orbit of the binary. The orbital solution shows that the binary period, now 12.062 years, is decreasing at the rate of 36 days per century. This corresponds to an energy loss to gravitational waves that is 6.5 ± 4 % less than the rate predicted by the standard quadrupolar gravitational wave (GW) emission. We show that the difference is due to higher order gravitational radiation reaction terms that include the dominant order tail contributions.
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Jones, Judith. "The LDS RCS(Eng): 150 years on and still going strong." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 94, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363512x13311314196654.
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The Licence in Dental Surgery (LDS) originated in the 19th century and is the oldest continuously existing dental qualification in the UK. Records show that a letter sent to the Lancet in 1855 by a Mr Rymer of Croydon suggested that the Royal College of Surgeons should 'appoint a properly constituted board of examiners whose duties should be to hold periodical examinations of such candidates as were desirous of obtaining such a distinction, for instance as might be termed “licentiates in dentistry”. 'Sir John Tomes worked with the College and the Odontological Society and was instrumental in proposing a clause to be added to the Medical Bill of 1958 'to grant the Royal College of Surgeons of England power to institute and hold examinations for the purpose of testing the fitness of persons to practise as dentists, who may be desirous of being so examined, and to grant certificates of such fitness.'
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Chuchalin, Oleksandr. "The Reports of the Ober-Procurators of the Holy Ruling Synod as a Source for the Study of the Situation in the Kyiv Eparchy and Its Monasteries in the Second Half of the 19th and Early 20th Centuries." Przegląd Nauk Historycznych 22, no. 2 (December 20, 2023): 111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1644-857x.22.02.04.
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The purpose of the article is to cast light upon the problem of researching published sources on the history of the Orthodox Church in Ukraine, as well as to supplement the achievements of previous researchers and to propose a detailed analysis of the situation and activities of the Kyiv diocese and its monasteries, presented in the published reports of the ober-procurators of the Holy Ruling Synod between 1884 and 1914. The scientific novelty of the material presented in this article lies in the fact that, for the first time in the national historiography, “All-Public Reports of the Ober-Procurators of the Holy Synod” between 1884–1914, which were published and open to the general scientific community, were subjected to a detailed analysis. The authors also clarify the level and significance of information about the situation in the Kyiv Eparchy, its clergy, its numbers, its composition, as well as the cultural, educational and charitable activities of its monasteries. The article argues that the essence of the reports by the ober-procurators of the Holy Ruling Synod on the situation in the Kyiv Eparchy and its monasteries is practically undeveloped in the scientific literature. Such reports were addressed to the head of the Russian Orthodox Church – the Russian Emperor. They are an important and extremely informative source for modern researchers, familiarity with which will permit them to assess the general condition of the main confession in the empire. More specifically, these reports reveal the state of the Kyiv Eparchy for each calendar year. Every report had a relatively standard structure and was published as a separate book. An analysis of these sources makes it possible to establish the role and place of the hierarchs of the Kyiv Eparchy in the overall structure of the Russian Orthodox Church, as well as their personnel and activities. Furthermore, additional information, provided in the reports on the number of Orthodox monasteries in the Kyiv Eparchy and the number of monks, is of particular interest, which allows the authors to trace the dynamics in changes in these numbers over thirty years. The study of the reports reveals new information on the life in the Orthodox monasteries in the Kyiv region, in relation to their charitable, cultural and educational activities.
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Walker, Meaghan. "In the inventories of deceased British merchant seafarers: Exploring merchant shipping and material culture, 1860–1880." International Journal of Maritime History 31, no. 2 (May 2019): 330–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871418824969.
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Between 1860 and 1880, the years which hold the richest collection of log books at the Maritime History Archive in St. John’s, NL, an average of 4,400 seafarers died per year working in the British merchant marine. Each of these deaths potentially produced an inventory of effects showing the material wealth of working people at sea. These inventories reveal the material possessions of late nineteenth-century seafarers, particularly young working-class men who exposed themselves most to danger but also were the most numerous demographic. By analyzing both what these inventories contain, but also what inventories are missing, it is possible to understand material factors stemming from changing dynamics in a workforce undergoing technological and demographical change.
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Kuruvilla, Samuel J. "Church–State Relations in Palestine: Empires, Arab Nationalism and the Indigenous Greek Orthodox, 1880–1940." Holy Land Studies 10, no. 1 (May 2011): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/hls.2011.0003.
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The need to negotiate and resolve ethno-nationalistic aspirations on the part of dependent and subject communities of faith-believers is a complex issue. The Ottoman Empire formed a classic case in this context. This article is a historical-political reflection on a small group of Christians within the broader Arab and ‘Greek’ Christian milieu that once formed the backbone of the earlier Byzantine and later Ottoman empires. The native Arab Orthodox of Palestine in the twilight years of the Ottoman Empire found themselves in a struggle between their religious affiliations with Mediterranean Greek Orthodoxy and Western Christendom as opposed to the then ascendant star of nationalist pan-Arabism in the Middle East. The supersession of the Ottoman Empire by the British colonial Mandatory system in Palestine and the loss of imperial Russian support for the Arab Orthodox in the Holy Land naturally meant that they relied more on social and political cooperation with their fellow Palestinian Muslims. This was to counter the dominance extended by the ethnic Greek ecclesiastical hierarchy in the Holy Land over the historically Arab Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem with support from elements within the Greek Republic and the British Mandatory authorities.
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Calella, Michele. "Raphael, the Virgin Mary, and Holy Matrimony: Recontextualizing Franz Liszt's Sposalizio." Studia Musicologica 59, no. 1-2 (June 2018): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/6.2018.59.1-2.1.
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Sposalizio, the piece opening the “Italian year” of Franz Liszt's Années de pèlerinage (first published in 1858), is one of the most analyzed and interpreted compositions in this piano cycle. Much attention has been paid to its connection with the painting of the same title by Raphael, which was printed as an internal title page for the piece's first edition at the explicit request of the composer. This connection has inspired many studies on the relationship between image and music, reinforcing the notion of Sposalizio as a musical realization of Raphael's painting as seen by Liszt for the first time in February 1838 at the Pinacoteca di Brera in Milan. Adopting a critical view of the hermeneutical tradition, which has an impact on the interpretation of the piece still today, and assuming that its composition began in Weimar only around 1848, the article proposes an alternative reading of the piece. By connecting pictorial and musical elements, Sposalizio seems to evoke several cultural discourses and practices fundamental to Liszt's artistic and biographical background, such as Raphael's image as a genius, the revival of Marian devotion, and marriage as a sacrament of the Catholic Church.
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Karić, Enes. "Ignatij Julijanovič Kračkovski (Ignatij Ûlianovič Kračkovskij) and His Translation of the Qur'an." Društvene i humanističke studije (Online) 6, no. 4(17) (December 22, 2021): 109–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51558/2490-3647.2021.6.4.109.
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This year marks the seven decades of the death of Игна́тий Юлиа́нович Крачко́вский, (1883-1951), Russian Orientalist and one of the translators of the Qur'an. His translation is one of the most famous translations of this holy book. This essay deals with Крачко́вский primarily as Arabist and Islamicist who published over 500 works, and one of the foremost names in Russian Oriental Studies. His studies of Arabic literature, both contemporary and classical, as well as Arabic history and geography served Крачко́вский as a background for his translation of the Qur'an done at the end of his life. His famous translation was published posthumously, in 1963. The edition was supported by the Russian Academy of sciences in Moscow.
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Andreev, Andrei. "“Political theology” of emperor Alexander I: ideas, representations, practice." St.Tikhons' University Review 106 (June 30, 2022): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15382/sturii2022106.62-80.
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In 1815, the Russian Emperor Alexander I formulated the principles of a new world order, which was supposed to ensure long-term and stable peace after two decades of continuous wars in Europe. This project, called the Holy Alliance, was based not so much on foreign policy as on religious grounds. This article examines in detail the set of ideas put forward by Alexander I from the point of view of political theology. The religious motives that moved the Russian emperor are shown, determined by the peculiarities of his spiritual life. The rhetoric of the Holy Union, its basic concepts related to the Christian doctrine are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the representations of the Holy Union in the public sphere, namely, the solemn God services designed to prove the unity and "brotherhood in Christ" of the monarchs of Europe and their peoples. At the same time, the study demonstrated how significant the image of the enemy, embodied as “revolution”, played in the justification of the Holy Alliance within the framework of political theology. The concept of revolution was extremely generalized by Alexander I and interpreted as a manifestation of universal evil. This lead to the doctrine of interventions under the auspices of the Holy Alliance in the country affected by the revolution, which in turn provoked new bloodshed. An analysis of the accumulated contradictions made it possible to draw a conclusion about the reasons for the fading of Alexander’s interest in the constructions of political theology in the last years of his reign.
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Strandén-Backa, Sofie. ""Bara en fot och en känga"." Budkavlen 99 (November 10, 2020): 63–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37447/bk.99531.
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‘A foot and a boot’. Narratives about children killed by wolves in Finnish folk tradition and media material
Sofie Strandén-Backa
Keywords: wolf attacks in Finland 1880–1881, children, living tradition, mass and social media
The article focuses on narratives about children and wolves, and the material consists of different texts that deal with children who have been killed by wolves in Finland in earlier times. The particular events in question are a series of well-known and documented wolf attacks on children in the Turku region during 1880 and 1881. Older newspaper articles, as well as contemporary texts, are analysed. One aim of the study is to investigate what is set in motion when the relationship between wolves and children is discussed and which underlying patterns emerge as part of that discussion. Another aim is to allow for narrative elements to create a base for discourse about the dangerous wolf. The analysis covers peoples’ comments on websites where the discourse is both defended and challenged and where negotiations about the prerogatives of the animal are made visible. Ever-returning narratives about the dangerous wolf are part of a legend process, where one goal is to convince the audience of the truth of the stories. One way of doing so, throughout the years, has been to present what could be called ‘the bloody list’, a list that consists of the name and age of the dead children, the circumstances under which they were killed and what was left of their bodies. In the stories, there was no way to protect the children, and there is nothing the parents could have done once the wolf got hold of their child. The message in these stories from the 1880s is that there is no rescue from the wolf. This message is passed down to parents and further to the children of today, creating a child-eating beast of (every) wolf. Another goal is to keep the stories alive for future generations, since the events are viewed as so important that they are not to be forgotten. The stories have a somewhat emblematic character, since they reflect an original myth about the genesis of modern Finland, freed from untamed nature and the chaos of wolves.
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Alekseev, A. I. "The Phenomenon of Mistrust in Church-State Relations of the Russian Empire in the 1860–1870s. Conflicts between the Consulate and the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem." Administrative Consulting, no. 4 (May 23, 2022): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2022-4-111-120.
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The history of the Russian presence in Palestine has received a worthy coverage in the literature. In recent years, there has been an active surge of interest in this topic. At the same time, some aspects of the relationship between the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission and the Consulate in Jerusalem remain insufficiently studied. The article analyzes the three most acute conflict situations that took place in the history of the Second, Third and Fourth Missions in Jerusalem: under Bishop Kirill (Naumov) in 1857–1862, Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin) in 1864–1865 and under Archimandrite Antonin (Kapustin) in 1879–1881. The corpus of published documents from the funds of the Foreign Policy Archive and other archives makes it possible to identify the positions of the conflicting parties and trace the main processes of the development of crisis situations. For the first time, documents from the funds of the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library are being introduced into scientific circulation. The study of the correspondence between the consuls and the members of the Palestinian Committee who stood behind them, as well as the heads of the Russian ecclesiastical missions, revealed the hidden causes of the conflicts. Secular in nature, the Palestinian Committee became the sole steward in the construction and management of all Russian religious buildings in Palestine. At the same time, the Spiritual Mission lost all means of influencing the numerous pilgrims from Russia. The Jerusalem consulate, being the official representation of the Foreign Ministry, in fact acted as an agency of the Russian Society of Shipping and Trade. In all conflict situations, the Consulate enjoyed the support of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Holy Synod practically did not take measures to protect the mission. Two chiefs of the mission, Bishop Kirill (Naumov) and Archimandrite Leonid (Kavelin), were removed from their posts due to the intrigues of the consuls. Archimandrite Antonin (Kapustin) retained his post only by accident due to the intercession of influential nobles. All conflict situations were based on the deep distrust of secular institutions in the spiritual authorities. These manifestations of mistrust were especially vividly manifested in the Holy Land.
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Majid, Farhan, Jere Behrman, and Subha Mani. "Short-term and long-term distributional consequences of prenatal malnutrition and stress: using Ramadan as a natural experiment." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 3 (June 2019): e001185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001185.
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IntroductionFetal environments play significant roles in determining adult well-being, particularly as they relate to non-communicable diseases and skill formation. We studied gender-specific distributional consequences of fetal environment (in the form of in-utero exposure to Ramadan, the Islamic holy month of fasting), in Indonesia, on birth weights, performance on Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM), math scores, hours worked and earnings.MethodsWe used quantile regressions to conduct a quantitative comparison of distributional consequences, by gender, of full month exposures to Ramadan in-utero on outcomes of interest. Our data included Muslim children and adults measured during rounds 1 and 4 of the Indonesian Family Life Survey. Our main outcome measures were: birth weights—559 observations (females) and 624 (males); Raven’s CPM scores—1693 (females) and 1821 (males) for 8–15 year olds; math test scores—1696 (females) and 1825 (males) for 8–15 year olds; hours worked—3181 (females) and 4599 (males) for 18–65 year olds; earnings—2419 (females) and 4019 (males) for 18–65 year olds.ResultsFull month of exposure to Ramadan in-utero led to significant reductions at the 5% significance level that were concentrated in the bottom halves of the outcome distributions: among 8–15 years, lower scores on Raven’s CPM tests for females (mean: −9.2%, 10thQ: −19%, 25th Q: −19.4%) and males (mean: −5.6%, 10thQ: −12.5%); lower math scores for females (mean: −8.6%, 25thQ: −15.9%) and males (mean: −8.5%, 10thQ: −13.6%); among females 18–65 years, significant reduction in hours worked (mean: −7.5%, 10thQ: − 26.3%).ConclusionEvents during the fetal period have far-reaching consequences for females and males in the lowest (10th and 25th) quantiles of outcome distributions, affecting the ‘relatively poor’ the most. These results call for caution in interpreting studies on child development that rely on mean comparisons alone.
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Searcy, Kim. "THE SUDANESE MAHDĪ’S ATTITUDES ON SLAVERY AND EMANCIPATION." Islamic Africa 1, no. 1 (June 3, 2010): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21540993-90000007.
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The forces of the Sudanese Mahdī captured Khartoum in 1885 and brought an end to sixty-four years of Turco-Egyptian occupation of the Sudan. The Mahdī’s revolt—from the perspective of many scholars of the period, such as P. M. Holt—was launched because of the Egyptian government’s attempts to end slavery in the Sudan. This article analyzes the extant proclamations, sermons, and rulings of the Mahdī in order to identify his attitudes on slavery and emancipation. It argues that, contrary to what previous scholars have concluded, the Mahdī’s revolt against the Turco-Egyptian forces was not motivated primarily by the suppression of the slave trade. Rather, the Mahdī responded to the occupation’s imposition of poll taxes as a corrupted form of government divorced from the pure Islamic state he envisioned founding.
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Khusaeri, Khusaeri. "PEMIKIRAN SYEKH NAWAWI AL-BANTANI DALAM BIDANG HUKUM ISLAM (Tentang Taklif dan Mukalaf)." Al-A'raf : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam dan Filsafat 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/ajpif.v11i1.1196.
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Sheikh Nawawi was born in 1815 by the name Abu „Abd al-Mu‟thi Muhammad Nawawi Ibn „Umar al-Tanari Al-Bantani al-Jawi. Ashis name implies, Java Island was his birthplace. It was in the village ofTanara in Banten district of West Java. When he was fifteen, the sheikhengaged in a pilgrimage to Mecca and he found interests in thescientific life there in the Holy City for the Muslims. Drawn to theliking of intellectual life as religious scholar in Mecca, the sheikhdecided to deepen his religious study in the city for three years. Whenthe sheikh journeyed for his second pilgrimage to Mecca, he decided tocontinue his study and to be the permanent resident of the Holy City.During his scholarly life, Sheikh Nawawi had authored 99 to 115religious books with various topics and themes. As the sheikh was thedisciple of Madhhab Shafi‟i, the religious books he authored were ofthe madhhab. In his discussion on taklif and mukallaf, those bearingthe taklif, for instance, the sheikh said that the taklif from Allah neverburdens mankind; the taklif is always in concordance with the abilitiesmen possess (Al-Baqarah 286).
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Murray, Douglas M. "Continuity and Change in the Liturgical Revival in Scotland: John Macleod and the Duns Case, 1875-1876." Studies in Church History 35 (1999): 396–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400014169.
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During the Liturgical Revival of the Victorian period, the worship of the Church of Scotland changed more radically than at any time since the seventeenth century. Those who favoured reform felt that the largely unstructured and didactic character of Presbyterian services no longer appealed to many sections of society. The upper classes, for example, were turning in increasing numbers to the worship of the Episcopal Church. In addition some reformers wished the liturgy of the Kirk to reflect more clearly the doctrinal basis of the Reformed tradition. The innovations which were pioneered in this period included a change in the posture of the congregation for prayer and for singing, the introduction of prayers read by the minister instead of being delivered extempore; the use of set forms such as the Creed, the Lord’s Prayer, and the Doxology; the singing of hymns as well as psalms; the use of organs to accompany praise; the observance of the main festivals of the Christian year, and the greater frequency of holy communion.
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Longair, Malcolm. "‘…a paper …I hold to be great guns’: a commentary on Maxwell (1865) ‘A dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field’." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373, no. 2039 (April 13, 2015): 20140473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0473.
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Maxwell's great paper of 1865 established his dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field. The origins of the paper lay in his earlier papers of 1856, in which he began the mathematical elaboration of Faraday's researches into electromagnetism, and of 1861–1862, in which the displacement current was introduced. These earlier works were based upon mechanical analogies. In the paper of 1865, the focus shifts to the role of the fields themselves as a description of electromagnetic phenomena. The somewhat artificial mechanical models by which he had arrived at his field equations a few years earlier were stripped away. Maxwell's introduction of the concept of fields to explain physical phenomena provided the essential link between the mechanical world of Newtonian physics and the theory of fields, as elaborated by Einstein and others, which lies at the heart of twentieth and twenty-first century physics. This commentary was written to celebrate the 350th anniversary of the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society .
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Ismail, Omar M., Lauren Mason, and John O. Mason. "Efficacy of Vitrectomy and Macular Hole Repair in Eyes With Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration." Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases 3, no. 2 (February 8, 2019): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2474126418825220.
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Purpose: The purpose of this article is to examine the efficacy of macular hole repair in eyes with coexisting dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of charts of 25 patients (27 eyes) diagnosed with mild to moderate dry AMD who underwent macular hole repair via 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy between 2014 and 2016. Data of interest included anatomic failure rates, complication rates, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) preoperatively, and at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively. When available, data at each patient’s most recent visit were also analyzed. Results: Macular hole repair resulted in a statistically significant ( P < .05) visual improvement postoperatively, with BCVA increasing from 20/141 preoperatively to 20/33 1 year postoperatively. Mean BCVA at most recent visit was 20/41. Mean duration of follow-up was 13 months (range, 1-39 months). One of 27 (3.7%) macular holes failed to close after vitrectomy. One of 27 eyes (3.7%) progressed from dry to wet AMD. Four of 27 additional eyes (18.5%) were noted to have worsening of their AMD on exam over the course of follow-up. Conclusions: Macular hole repair in patients with coexisting dry AMD leads to a significant improvement in visual performance and has a low risk of failure or complication.
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Spasojevic-Tisma, Vera, Dusica Celeketic, Jelena Tisma, Snezana Milacic, and Gordana Papovic-Djukic. "Health risk assessment of jobs involving ionizing radiation sources." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 26, no. 3 (2011): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1103233s.
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The study included 75 subjects exposed to low doses of external ionizing radiation and 25 subjects from the control group, all male. The first group (A) consisted of 25 subjects employed in the production of technetium, with an average job experience of 15 years. The second group (B) consisted of 25 subjects exposed to ionizing radiation from enclosed sources, working in jobs involving the control of X-ray devices and americium smoke detectors, their average work experience being 18.5 years. The third group (C) consisted of 25 subjects involved in the decontamination of the terrain at Borovac from radioactive rounds with depleted uranium left over after the NATO bombing of Serbia in 1999, their average job experience being 18.5 years. The control group (K) consisted of 25 subjects who have not been in contact with sources of ionizing radiation and who hold administrative positions. Frequencies of chromosome aberrations were determined in lymphocytes of peripheral blood and compared to the control group. The average annual absorbed dose determined by thermoluminescent dosimeters for all three groups did not exceed 2 mSv. In the present study, the largest number of observed changes are acentric fragments and chromosome breaks. The highest occupational risk appears to involve subjects working in manufacturing of the radio-isotope technetium.
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Szögi, László. "Az egyetemi és akadémiai ifjúság politikai szerepvállalása 1830–1880 között." Gerundium 9, no. 2 (March 13, 2019): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29116/gerundium/2018/2/4.
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The Political Involvement of the University- and Academic Youth between 1830 and 1880. The institutional network of the higher education in Hungary was very diverse on the turn of the 18th and 19th century and in the first part of the 19th century. In the multi-national and multi-confessional country, 88 institutions provided higher than medium level education. Most of these institutions were related to the historical denomination but besides them several state higher educational institutions existed. We reported about the student movements of these schools in this paper. In the first part of the 19th century the Holy Alliance’s system prohibited the foundation of student movements, although, in most of the institutions, reading circles and literature student associations were formed in which the leaders of the future national movements played an important role. The period of the revolution and the fight for freedom of 1848–1849 was significant regarding the student movements as well, because at most universities the studentry listed their requests aiming not only the reform of student life but the social changes as well. After the defeat of the freedom fight it was not possible to form student associations for ten years. But from the 1860s the battle for the national language of higher education marked the Hungarian youth movements. After the Austro- Hungarian Compromise, the studentry’s activity decreased, although they spoke in some political questions. For example, in 1867–1877, during the time of the Russian-Turkish war, the students in Pest and Cluj- Napoca stood against the Russians and not the Turks. This action produced that the university youth got back 36 valuable medieval codices from the Turks which were stolen in 1526 from the Royal Library in Buda.
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Abdul Hamid Khan and Salman Hamid Khan. "Kipling, Railways, and The Great Game." Central Asia 86, Summer (November 28, 2020): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54418/ca-86.78.
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The paper explores Rudyard Kipling’s perspective on the importance of railways in India which is the theme of some of his poetic and prose work. Coupled with this, an overview of the importance of railways and its military, economic and social aspects in Central Asia, in the backdrop of the Great Game of the 19th Century between Russia and Britain is also offered. This study attempts to correlate the significance of the Trans-Caspian Railway (TCR), founded in 1879 and the North Western State Railway in British India formed seven years later in 1886. It also takes into account the railways’ cultural importance for the people of Central Asia. The most important aspect of the subject under assessment is how the construction of railway lines worked as a device and a tool to strengthen the hold of both the colonizing powers. It is in this context that the poet and novelist Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936) glorified the benefits of Indian railways as a stabilizing factor for the strength of the Raj. The paper attempts to establish that railways not only strengthened colonial rule in both Central Asia and India but brought significant social and economic changes in the lives of the people living on both sides of the border. The perspective here is a post-colonial one that offers insights on the effects of colonization, most importantly the modernizing agenda or the enlightenment package attached to the great design of imperialism and empire-building. But the picture that appears after the passing of colonization is hazy when looked at the hybridized and ambivalent view that Kipling held, and also taking into account the hegemony, control, and the politics of aesthetics.
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Pehanich, Edward. "The Serbian Chrysostom." Nicholai Studies: International Journal for Research of Theological and Ecclesiastical Contribution of Nicholai Velimirovich II, no. 4 (July 29, 2022): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46825/nicholaistudies/ns.2022.2.4.415-420.
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One of the greatest preachers and teachers of the Scripture is widely regarded to be St. John Chrysostom who lived and died over 1,600 years ago. We in America especially honor the memory of a man who lived and walked among us who has been called “The New Chrysostom” or “The Serbian Chrysostom” for his gift of preaching and teaching. St. Nicholai Velimirovich was born in 1880 in the small Serbian village of Lelich to pious Serbian Orthodox parents. He grew up in a home imbued with the life of the Orthodox Faith. His parents often interrupted their farm work for daily prayer and observed and celebrated all of the fasts and feastdays of the Church. His mother was often seen taking her little Nikola by the hand and walking three miles to the Chelije Monastery for prayer, Confession and Holy Communion. Later in life, St. Nicholai remembered these walks with his mother as being some of the most influential experiences of his life.
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Lascu, Stoica. "Leon T. Boga about on the “Unconditional Union of Bessarabia” – Historical Context and Creative Personalities." Dialogica. Revistă de studii culturale și literatură, S(1) (November 2023): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.59295/dia.s.2023.1.04.
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The material includes several articles inserted in the press from Bucharest (“Universul”, “Curentul”), in the interwar period by the Romanian-Macedonian teacher, archivist, publicist, and national-cultural militant Leon T. Boga (1886–1974), settled in Chișinău after First World War. The articles refer to the historical significance of the Union of Bessarabia with Romania– historical circumstances, stages, personalities, lessons for contemporaries and descendants. In 1927, he expressed his conviction that “Representing the victory of a historical truth, the union, whose the ninth anniversary we celebrate today, is eternal, unchanged like the truth that represents it”; and in 1938, revealing the decision of the Council of the Country of March 27, 1918, of union “forever”, the Romanian patriot emphasizes: “Forever! What a deep meaning these holy words have with which twenty years ago, Moldova from the East returned to the body of the Romanian land. And what a duty we all must understand their interpretation, today, tomorrow... Always!”
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Bartolotta, Salvatore, and Mercedes Tormo-Ortiz. "Egeria, testimonie dello scambio epistolare tra donne nell’antichità cristiana." Estudios Románicos 28 (December 19, 2019): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/er/379691.
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Egeria was a traveler of antiquity, mulier fortis, traveler of race. Her trip took her to the end of the world, with a double motive: historical and spiritual. She left his homeland, in the Spanish Gallaecia, to his community, the uenerabiles sorores, with the Bible as a guide on his way. For three years, at the end of the fourth century, it will travel through the Holy Land and the Near East with one sole objective: the study of the Bible. The trip of Egeria is narrated in a manuscript called Peregrinatio Egeriae, found by Gamurrini in 1884 in the Italian city of Arezzo, which is actually a letter announcing a new literary style: travel literature. Egeria fu una viaggiatrice dell’antichità, una mulier fortis, una viaggiatrice di razza. Il suo viaggio la portò ai confini del mondo con una duplice motivazione, una storica e una spirituale. Lasció la sua patria, la Gallaecia hispana, la sua comunità, le uenerabiles sorores, portando con sé, durante il suo cammino, come guida, la Bibbia. Per tre anni, alle fine del IV secolo, percorse la Terra Santa e il Medioriente con un solo obiettivo: lo studio della Bibbia. Il viaggio di Egeria è narrato in un manoscritto chiamato Peregrinatio Egeriae, scoperto da Gamurrini nel 1884 nella città italiana di Arezzo, ma, in realtà, si tratta di una lettera che annuncia un nuovo genere letterario: la letteratura di viaggio.
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Grant, Richard E. "Extraction of fossils from carbonates by acid." Paleontological Society Special Publications 4 (1989): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200005190.
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The technique of freeing fossils from carbonate rocks by the use of various acids has been known for many years, but still is not used as widely as might be expected. Cooper and Whittington (1965) cited early uses of acid to prepare graptolites and eurypterids (Holm, 1890; 1898). Common practice among early paleontological users of acid was to pick up a silicified specimen, or carefully chip one out of the matrix by hammer and chisel, and use the acid to clean it or to expose internal features. For example, Waagen (1882, p.354) mentioned exposing the internal features of silicified brachiopods by use of “dilute acid” (kind unspecified) from Permian rocks in the Salt Range of India (now Pakistan).
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Balthazar, Scott L. "Mayr, Rossini, and the Development of the Early Concertato Finale." Journal of the Royal Musical Association 116, no. 2 (1991): 236–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrma/116.2.236.
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The years from 1795 to 1815, which separated the height of Cimarosa's career from the beginning of Rossini's, represent a watershed in the history of Italian opera, for they brought the final stages of the transition from Metastasian opera seria to nineteenth-century melodramma. Such now obscure composers as Simon Mayr, Ferdinando Paer, Niccolò Zingarelli and Stefano Pavesi – and their librettists – shaped this transition, and their works embody the continuities of development which link those very different operatic traditions. Consequently, these works hold the key to understanding the genesis of conventions which have habitually been attributed to Rossini and provide for modern scholars an essential context for assessing Rossini's particular role in establishing the new operatic prototypes.
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Chan, Joyce, Jordan Kirby, Kaya Kareela Gardiner, Veronica Abruzzo, Samantha Bannister, Karen Bellamy, Clare Brophy, et al. "Use of a paediatric advice line for parents of infants recruited to a randomised controlled trial." BMJ Paediatrics Open 7, no. 1 (February 2023): e001665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001665.
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BackgroundThis study aims to describe the use of a paediatric advice line (PAL) provided to parents whose infants were recruited to a large randomised controlled trial (RCT), including the number and types of medical concerns addressed, seasonal variability and call outcomes. Additionally, sociodemographic characteristics of the parents and children of those parents who used the PAL are compared with those who did not.MethodsProspective cohort of 1246 children nested in the Melbourne Infant Study: BCG for Allergy and Infection Reduction (MIS BAIR) RCT. All MIS BAIR participants were offered access to the PAL. Data were collected over the initial 2 years of a 5-year follow-up. Data were analysed using χ2tests, and ORs were calculated using multiple logistic regression.ResultsThe PAL was used by 230 (18.5%) participants, who made a total of 586 calls during the 2-year study period. The reasons for calling the PAL were dermatological (24%); gastrointestinal (18%); disturbances in feeding, sleeping and crying (14%); respiratory (7%); and developmental/neurological (6%). Analysis revealed that those who used the PAL were more likely to be first-time parents (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.9) and mothers who hold a university degree (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.3 to 8.4). PAL costs were minimal and comprised 15 clinicians with paediatric experience.ConclusionsA cost-effective PAL service for clinical trial participants was used appropriately by parents for relatively minor concerns and may have a role in trials to promote participant engagement and reduce demand for other health services.
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Radosavljević, Nedeljko V. "GABRIEL OF ZVORNIK." Историјски часопис, no. 68/2019 (December 27, 2019): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.34298/ic1968175r.
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Тhe paper deals with the biography of the Metropolitan of Zvornik Gabriel. The place and year of his birth have been determined, as well as the fact that he was a Bulgarian by ethnicity. The information about the likely social stratum that he originated from is given. The possibilities that he had at his disposal in gaining systemic theological education – from Bulgarian-Hellenic schools in the area of his origin to the theological schools of the Great Church – have been highlighted. The time of his arrival at the head of the Zvornik Metropolitanate and the period of his administration have been established. The reasons for his difficult position at the time of the First (1804–1813) and the Second Serbian Uprising (1815), the outbreak of the Greek Uprising (1821), and the rebellion of Husein Gradaščević in the Bosnian Pashalik (1831–1832) have been explained. Also underscored is his versatile activity in restoring church life and supporting education in the Serbian language. Metropolitan Gabriel enjoyed great reputation among the faithful. His authority was significant as he devotedly performed his spiritual mission. He died in 1837 and was buried in the Holy Trinity monastery (Tavna) in the Zvornik Metropolitanate.
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Mariani, Paul P. "China's ‘Christian General’ Feng Yuxiang, the Evangelist Jonathan Goforth and the Changde Revival of 1919." Studies in World Christianity 20, no. 3 (December 2014): 238–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2014.0094.
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General Feng Yuxiang (1882–1948), China's ‘Christian General’, had already been a Christian for about six years before he decided systematically to evangelise his troops while they were stationed in northern Henan. He was convinced that Christianity would save his men and, in the process, would save China. To this end, Feng invited the Canadian missionary Jonathan Goforth (1859–1936) to hold a remarkable series of revivals in the late summer of 1919. During these revivals, which were modelled on the work of the evangelist Charles Finney, Feng himself broke into prayer in front of his men, and eventually 507 of Feng's troops were baptised. By the time of Goforth's second visit to Feng – a little over a year later – over 5,000 of the 9,000-man brigade had been baptised. This study will rely on Goforth's journal from 1919, Feng's own diaries, and other material to see how Goforth and Feng worked together to Christianise a significant segment of Feng's army. So did the ‘Christian General’ ultimately form a ‘Christian Army’ or even an indigenous church? Did Goforth's revivals in Feng's army have any long-term effect? Was Feng a convinced Christian, a Chinese patriot or simply an opportunist? This study seeks to answer these questions. 1
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Boyle, Leonard E. "Innocent III and Vernacular Versions of Scripture." Studies in Church History. Subsidia 4 (1985): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900003586.
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Lothario dei Conti di Segni became pope as Innocent III in 1198, at the age of thirty-seven, and for the eighteen years of his pontificate he had two chief preoccupations: to regain the Holy Land for the Church and to restore the true Faith in Europe. It is with the latter that I am concerned here, and with just one moment in his endeavour to counter the heretical tendencies and movements which had been threatening the stability of the Church for a century or more by 1198. This is the problem of vernacular versions of the Scriptures, a problem which arose, seemingly for the first time ever at this level, at the very beginning of Innocent’s pontificate. It is a well-known if not celebrated moment, and has had a place in every modern discussion of the question of vernacular versions of the Bible in the Middle Ages, since the days when S. Berger first gave it prominence in his La Bible française au moyen âge (Paris, 1884).
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Ahmadzada, Namatullah, Lutfullah Manzoor, Shah Wali Moroofi, Khaled Seddiq, Bibek Kumar Lal, Rajendra Prasad Pant, Rabeya Sultana, Ghulam Qader, and Akmal Nasrat. "Additional Yield of Active Case Finding Through House Hold Survey in Selected District of Kabul, Afghanistan, 2018." SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS 19, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39922.
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Every year, 10.4 million people get sick with Tuberculosis (TB) and 40 percent of them do not receive treatment care - they are “missed” to identify by the health systems. Missing TB cases is major challenge in fighting the disease; pose a serious threat to global health security. As per World Health organization estimation, in 2018, Afghanistan missed 27 percent TB case notification. Thus we conducted an active case finding through house hold survey from June – November, 2018 in Kabul city, districts of Afghanistan.
This descriptive cross sectional study included all the residence of 21 sub-districts in Kabul City Afghanistan. After obtaining written consent, data was collected using a structured questionnaire from all presumptive TB cases. Sputum was collected from eligible participants and tested for AFB, Gene-Xpart and Chest X-ray was done. Standard test algorithm and case categorization was done according to WHO recommendations. Descriptive analysis of demographic, clinical and laboratory data was done.
A total of 22,596 participants were included and among them 6740 were eligible. Among them 1614(24.3%) individuals were screened positive to have presumptive TB and 105 (6.5%) had laboratory confirmed TB. Thus the case notification rate was 465 in 100,000 populations. Among the presumptive TB cases, mean age was 38.6 + 18.5 years; 74% were female; 72% were housewives/unemployed; 2.6% were smokers.
The case notification rate and the point prevalence showed increase numbers than the actual reports by the Afghanistan National TB program, which signifies the program was missing significant numbers of TB cases. Hence active TB case finding might be an effective approach in terms of case notification in Afghanistan. We recommend extending active community TB surveillance of the country.
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Baryshnikov, M. N. "Corporation and State Interests in Industry: Nevsky Plant in 1855-1888." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 5 (May 30, 2020): 321–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-5-321-339.
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The formation of the joint-stock company of the “Nevsky Zavod” from the mid-1850s to the end of the 1880s as a large machine-building enterprise is studied. It is shown how an industrial company was able to use human and investment resources in combination with early control of rapidly developing technology (steam locomotive construction) in order to gain and then hold the corresponding share of the Russian market in the 1870s. Based on the analysis of materials and available studies in the field of industrial entrepreneurship, the author asserts that, moving from the industry level to the company level, one can better understand the ability of corporations to create innovative products in a specific historical period. It is proved that such a technique (the transition from one level of analysis to another) allows us to identify the prospect of entrepreneurial activity, which is missed when focusing exclusively on the industry level. At the same time, it explains the reasons why the corporation could not maintain its position in these years, despite the existing technological competitiveness. The company had a variety of relationships in the business environment, but it was most critical with the government and its regulatory bodies. The presented analysis of the influence of departmental decisions on the activities of the “Nevsky Zavod” company is relevant to the discussion about the relationship between private and state interests in domestic industry in the 1860-1880s.
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Taha, Hesham S., Ghada Youssef, Mirna M. Shaker, Mohamed Ghalab, Hadeer G. Sayed, Suzan H. Abdullah, Mohamed A. Thabet, and Amir Mostafa. "Pattern of cardiovascular admission diagnoses during the month of Ramadan: a single center experience." European Heart Journal Supplements 25, Supplement_F (September 2023): F4—F5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad113.012.
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Abstract Background Fasting Ramadan has been linked to favorable health profile, yet some unhealthy behaviors were shown to affect the progression of cardiovascular diseases during the holy month. Purpose To detect the prevalent diagnoses of cardiovascular admissions during the month of Ramadan and to compare them to the admission diagnoses during the rest of the year. Methods This retrospective observational study included all patients who were admitted to the Cardiology department and the Coronary Care Unit from April 2019 to May 2022, with 4 Ramadan months included. The median number of specific cardiac admission diagnoses during Ramadan months were compared to the median number of similar admission diagnoses during the other months of the year. Results The number of patients admitted during the 4 year-study period were 8170 patients, 14.6% of them (n = 1194 patients) were admitted during the 4 Ramadan months. All cardiovascular diagnoses were comparable during Ramadan admissions as compared to the rest of the year, Table. There was a trend towards higher cardiovascular admission rates during Ramadan in almost all diagnoses except for unstable angina, infective endocarditis and pericardial diseases. Conclusions The pattern of specific cardiovascular disease admission during Ramadan was not different from the pattern of admission during the rest of the year. Yet, there were numerically higher cardiovascular admissions during the 4 Ramadan months. Table Comparison of the median number of admission diagnoses in the 4 Ramadan months and the monthly average of the 4 years Ramadan months Median (range) Monthly average of the 4 years Median (range) P value IHD 145.5 (63) 106 (74) 0.486 * CCS 39.5 (35) 17 (11) 0.057 * ACS 107.5 (71) 89 (83) 0.686 - STEMI 49.5 (34) 39 (24) 0.343 - NSTEMI 41 (46) 39.5 (56) 1.0 - UA 8.5 (8) 10 (4) 0.686 ADHF & cardiogenic shock 113.5 (111) 56 (37) 0.486 Arrhythmia 43.5 (39) 34 (10) 0.343 - AF 18.5 (22) 22.5 (5) 0.686 - SVT 9.5 (15) 6 (9) 0.486 - AFL 6 (12) 2.5 (2) 0.2 - CHB 4 (5) 3.5 (3) 0.686 IE 10.5 (7) 14 (6) 0.2 PE 3 (11) 2.5 (1) 0.686 Pericardial disease 2 (6) 6 (11) 0.2 Hypertensive urgency & emergency 12 (23) 9.5 (7) 1.0 IHD, ischemic heart disease; CCS, chronic coronary syndrome; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; STEMI, ST elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; UA, unstable angina; ADHF, acute decompensated heart failure; AF, atrial fibrillation; SVT, supraventricular tachycardia; AFL, atrial flutter; CHD, complete heart block; IE, infective endocarditis; PE, pulmonary embolism. Additional Content An author video to accompany this abstract is available on https://academic.oup.com/eurheartjsupp. Please click on the arrow next to ‘More Content’ and then click on ‘Author videos’.
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Kupó, Péter, Eszter Fődi, Dorottya Debreceni, Endre Pál, Réka Faludi, Dalma Tényi, Fanni Molnár, Emese Lovadi, Dávid Varga, and Tamás Simor. "Implantálható kardioverter-defibrillátor által sikeresen megszüntetett malignus kamrai ritmuszavar dystrophia myotonicában szenvedő betegben." Orvosi Hetilap 162, no. 46 (November 14, 2021): 1856–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2021.32279.
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Összefoglaló. A dystrophia myotonica (DM) multiszisztémás, autoszomális domináns módon öröklődő, többségében felnőttkori izombetegség, melynek incidenciája 1 : 8000. A betegség kapcsán fellépő izomszöveti degeneráció a harántcsíkolt izomszövet átépülése mellett a szívizomszövetet is érinti, ami fontos oki szerepet játszik az érintett betegek csökkent várható élettartamában. A DM-ben szenvedők halálozásának közel egyharmadáért a cardiovascularis okok tehetők felelőssé. Esetriportunkban egy 52 éves, korábban kritikus bradycardia és I. fokú atrioventricularis blokk miatt pacemakerimplantáción átesett, DM-mel diagnosztizált nőbeteg kardiológiai utánkövetését mutatjuk be. A hirtelen szívhalál rizikóstratifikációja céljából elvégzett invazív elektrofiziológiai vizsgálat során kamrafibrilláció lépett fel, így a korábban implantált pacemakerelektródák mellé sokkelektróda került beültetésre, a pacemakerkészüléket implantálható kardioverter-defibrillátorra (ICD) cseréltük. Az 1 éves ICD-kontrollvizsgálat során azt találtuk, hogy a beültetés óta 22, tartós kamrai tachycardiával járó epizód lépett fel, melyek közül a készülék valamennyit sikeresen terminálta. Az eset bemutatásával szeretnénk rámutatni arra, hogy a magas cardiovascularis rizikócsoportba tartozó DM-betegek azonosítása kiemelkedő fontosságú lehet a hirtelen szívhalál megelőzése érdekében. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(46): 1856–1858. Summary. Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is one of the most frequent adulthood diseases of the skeletal muscles, which develops multisystemic features and shows autosomal dominant trait. In DM, tissue degeneration affects not only the skeletal, but the cardiac muscle, too. In one third of the patients, the cause of death is of cardiac origin. We report on our patient’s case, who was diagnosed with DM at the age of 52, in whom episodes of critical bradycardia with first-degree atrioventricular block was detected, resulting in a pacemaker implantation. Invasive cardiac electrophysiological study was performed, during which ventricular fibrillation was registered. A shock electrode was added to the previously implanted pacemaker, enabling defibrillation in case of detection of a sustained ventricular arrhythmia. During the 1-year follow-up, 22 episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia were identified, with the device successfully terminating the malignant arrhythmias. Our case shows that electrophysiological study and the succeeding implantation of an implantable cardiac defibrillator is highly important in identifying and terminating ventricular arrhythmias in high-risk DM patients. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(46): 1856–1858.
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Hiebsch, Sabine. "Dutch Lutheran Women on the Pulpit." Church History and Religious Culture 103, no. 3-4 (December 18, 2023): 259–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712428-10303014.
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Abstract In the course of the Twentieth century, the roles for women in Protestant churches in Europe expanded to include the possibility of participating in the church office of minister. For the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the year 2022 marked the centenary of women in the ordained ministry. On June 12, 1922, the Lutheran synod decided that, according to the existing regulations, women could also be admitted as candidates for the ministry. In 1929 Jantine Auguste Haumersen (1881–1967) became the first female Lutheran minister in the Netherlands and worldwide. This made the Lutheran church, after the Mennonites and the Remonstrants, the third denomination in the Netherlands where women could hold the office of minister. Utilizing a broad cultural analysis and based on recent extensive archival research this article describes the turning points in the development of women’s ordained ministry in the Lutheran Church in the Netherlands.
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Shorney, David. "‘Women may preach but men must govern’: Gender Roles in the Growth and Development of the Bible Christian Denomination." Studies in Church History 34 (1998): 309–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400013723.
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When the Cornish lay evangelist, William O’Bryan, founded the first Bible Christian societies in the late autumn of 1815 he was responding, in the main, to female initiatives. This is not altogether surprising. For several decades before 1815 women had been playing a much larger role in English evangelical Christianity than they had done in the early years of the Evangelical Revival. The informal groupings which came into existence in its second phase, c. 1790-c. 1830, gave women opportunities to initiate, organize, and exhort on a much more extensive scale. As cottages and farmsteads became centres of worship, women were well placed to play a more important role as initiators and organizers, especially in those areas barely affected by John Wesley, George Whitefield, and their travelling preachers. The more articulate went even further and followed the example of some eighteenth-century Quaker women by speaking in their own localities and further afield. Before the eighteenth century came to an end a number had acquired the reputation of being gifted preachers and ‘holy women’, ‘owned by God’, and called to instruct others, both men and women, in the Christian faith. For a short while women were poised in Wesleyan, and later, Primitive Methodism to play a major role in evangelism and church-planting; but it was only amongst the Bible Christians that they, for a time, played perhaps an even more significant role as evangelists than their male colleagues. As such they were in no way inferior to men; but when the denomination acquired a governmental structure copied from Wesleyan Methodism the patriarchal ordering of contemporary society set limits to their Bible-based notions of sexual equality.
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Newman, Jane O. "The Gospel according to Auerbach." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 135, no. 3 (May 2020): 455–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2020.135.3.455.
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Erich Auerbach's Mimesis (1946) can usefully be read in the context of the Christian existentialist thought to which Auerbach was exposed during his years as a professor at the University of Marburg between 1929 and 1935–36. Specifically, placing Auerbach's account of Peter's denial of Christ as related in the Gospel of Mark in conversation with the work of Auerbach's Marburg colleague Rudolf Bultmann (1884–1976) helps us to understand Auerbach's indebtedness to Bultmann and to see Mimesis in new ways, as a project with a longer collaborative history that concerns not only literary “realism” but also the dargestellte Wirklichkeit (“represented reality”) of the finitude of the human condition. Acknowledging the importance of early-twentieth-century Christian existentialism in Germany for Auerbach's work helps explain the affective hold that Mimesis has had on lay and professional readers alike.
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Elliott, Bernard. "Laura Phillipps De Lisle: A Nineteenth-Century Catholic Lady." Recusant History 20, no. 3 (May 1991): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200005483.
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One of the most important and influential Catholic laymen of the nineteenth century was Ambrose Phillipps who in 1862 added de Lisle to his name and so is usually known as Ambrose Phillipps de Lisle. Born in 1809 an Anglican, he was received into the Catholic Church in 1825. In 1833 he married Laura Clifford, a member of one of the oldest recusant families in England and, although they were destined to have a large family, it did not impede their efforts to promote the conversion of the Midlands to Catholicism. Laura was born in Germany at Mecklenberg-Schwerin on 26 October 1811, where her father, Thomas Clifford, fourth son of Hugh, fourth Lord Clifford, was chamberlain to the Duke of Mecklenberg-Schwerin. Thomas died when Laura was only five years old and her mother did not live much longer, dying in 1822, when Laura was eleven. In 1823, Lord Clifford of Ugbrooke and Chudleigh in Devon became her guardian and entrusted her education to the Canonesses of the Holy Sepulchre at New Hall, near Chelmsford, Essex. She remained there until 27 June 1829 when she returned to live with her guardian at Ugbrooke. In 1831, she met Ambrose and two years later they married on 25 July 1833 at St. James’ Spanish Place, while the civil ceremony took place at St. George’s, Hanover Square.
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Moh Rosyid. "MENGIDENTIFIKASI JEJAK HINDU KUNO DI KAWASAN MENARA KUDUS JAWA TENGAH." JURNAL WALENNAE 19, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/wln.v19i1.432.
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Tujuan ditulisnya artikel ini untuk mengidentifikasi jejak Hindu Kuno di Kawasan Menara Kudus Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam riset ini adalah deskriptif analitik yakni cara mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa data berupa bangunan kuno berupa Menara Masjid Al-Aqsha, Makara/Kalla, dan dua gapura (kori) di Masjid al-Aqsha. Riset ini mendeskripsikan, menganalisis, dan menginterpretasi data berdasarkan observasi danliteratur. Hasilnya,kondisi benda cagar budaya yang menyerupai peninggalan Hindu di Kawasan Menara Kudus(1) Menara hasil renovasi erakolonial tahun 1880, 1913, 1933, dan oleh BPCB Jawa Tengah tahun 1980, 2011, 2013, dan 2014.Kondisinya kini tidak lagi asli karya masa lalu tapi bentuknya tetap utuh, 80 persen hasil renovasi BPCB Jawa Tengah akibat Menara mengalami kerusakan diterpa hujan, cuaca/iklim/angin, dan getaran akibat pengguna jalan di depan Menara yakni mobil dan sepeda motor.Rekomendasi BPCB Jawa Tengah sejak tahun 2018 mobil umum dilarang melintas jalan di depan Menara oleh Pemda Kudus hingga kini, (2) dua gapura (kori) di serambi dan di dalam Masjid Menara Kudus kondisinya baik dan utuh, dan (3) kala/makara posisinya ada di tempat wudlu.Untuk merawat kesinambungan Kawasan Kauman Menara Kudus agar lestari, Pemda Kudus perlu mencanangkannya sebagai kota pusaka. This article identifying the Kuno Hindu Trail in Region Kudus Minaret Central Java. This research data were descriptive analysis a by interview, participatory observation, and literature review. Data collection was analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection was observationand literature. Research result, condition culture reserve relic Hindu in Kudus Minaret (1) minaret, renovation colonial era in the year of 1880, 1913, 1933 and BPCB Central Java 0f 1980, 2911, 2013, and 2014. The condition is now not original after renovation although the shape is still intact. The minaret is damaged because get rained on, weather, vibration due to the car. The recomanded BPCB until 2018 the car prohibited from passing in front of minaret, (2) two gate (kori) in the masque al-Aqsha good condition and intact, (3) kala/makara in ablution place. To preserve holy government Kudus need to schedule the city heritage.