Journal articles on the topic 'Holocaust survivors Interviews'
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1
Suedfeld, Peter, Erin Soriano, Donna Louise McMurtry, Helen Paterson, Tara L. Weiszbeck, and Robert Krell. "Erikson's “Components of a Healthy Personality” among Holocaust Survivors Immediately and 40 Years after the War." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 60, no. 3 (April 2005): 229–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/u6pu-72xa-7190-9kct.
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This study assessed the degree to which Holocaust survivors have dealt successfully with the eight psychosocial crises thought by Erikson (1959) to mark important stages in life-span development. In Study 1, 50 autobiographical interviews of survivors videotaped 30–50 years after the war were subjected to thematic content analysis. Relevant passages were coded as representing either a favorable or an unfavorable outcome as defined by Erikson. Survivors described significantly more favorable than unfavorable outcomes for seven of the crises; the exception was Trust vs. Mistrust. In Study 2, audiotaped Holocaust survivor interviews conducted in 1946 were scored in the same way and compared with the results of Study 1. There were several significant differences as well as similarities between the two data sets, the later interviews mostly showing changes in the positive direction.
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Larkey, Uta. "Past Forward: Oral History Interviews with Holocaust Survivors and Storytelling." Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 13, no. 2 (June 2017): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155019061701300208.
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This article highlights new research opportunities on oral history interviews and storytelling. From 2003 to 2013, Goucher College students interviewed Holocaust survivors in Baltimore, Maryland, and publicly retold their stories on campuses, in schools, and in synagogues. These oral history interviews and storytelling presentations are stored in digital form in the Special Collections at the Goucher Library and are currently in the process of being made available online. The students used their chronologically structured interviews to develop their own narration of the survivors’ accounts. The interviews and presentations include a wide variety of survival experiences all over war-torn Europe as well as the survivors’ recollections of their arrival in the United States. The Goucher Testimony Collection adds another aspect to existing archived oral history interviews: the survivors entrust their stories to interviewers the ages of their own grandchildren. The interviews as well as the digitized storytelling presentations are a rich source for comparative analyses with interviews from other collections and/or other forms of testimonies. The techniques and approaches are also applicable to other oral history/storytelling projects, such as with war veterans or immigrants.
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Rabin, Carmel, Karen Edell Yoskowitz, and Barbara Bedney. "Evaluation Findings of a Community-Based Intervention for Older Adults With a History of Trauma." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.111.
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Abstract Between 70% and 90% of Americans aged 65 and older have experienced at least one traumatic event such as a sexual or physical assault, disaster, illness, or terrorism. Trauma exposure in older adult populations is linked to physical, mental, and cognitive decline. A new approach to improve outcomes of trauma-affected older adults is Person-Centered, Trauma-Informed (PCTI) Care, which promotes the dignity, strength, and empowerment of trauma-affected individuals by incorporating knowledge about trauma into agency programs, policies, and procedures. The Administration for Community Living/Administration on Aging has awarded The Jewish Federations of North America (JFNA) a grant to develop innovative PCTI interventions for Holocaust survivors. This includes a community-based intervention whereby local leadership councils are developed to identify Holocaust survivor needs, distribute grant funding, train caregivers in PCTI care, and forge partnerships to advance community-led Holocaust survivor care. This program has been implemented in eight major US cities where 168 community leaders dispersed 25 grants serving approximately 500 Holocaust survivors. JFNA conducted an evaluation of the first six of the eight cities to determine the impact of this community-based model on participants and Holocaust survivors and investigate the process by which a community-based model can be replicated. This evaluation used surveys and semi-structured interviews to collect data on variables including understanding of PCTI care, awareness of Holocaust survivor needs, strength of community partnerships, and leadership council sustainability. This session will review evaluation findings including best practices for community-based models of PCTI care, and applicability of findings to other older populations.
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Müller, Beate. "Translating Trauma: David Boder's 1946 Interviews with Holocaust Survivors." Translation and Literature 23, no. 2 (July 2014): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2014.0155.
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David Boder's wire-recorded interviews with about 130 displaced persons conducted in 1946 in France, Italy, Germany, and Switzerland – his ‘Voices’ Project - is the earliest known oral history of Holocaust survivors. Their testimonies were recorded in nine languages, Boder translating as many of them as he could into English, thus turning the original audio files into written documents. The psychologist Boder claimed that the traumatic experiences suffered by his interviewees had patterned their language, something he tried to reflect in what he called ‘awkward’ translations. However, Boder's desire to identify and transmit trauma-induced linguistic behaviour led to misinterpretations and a failure to understand language choice, rather than language competence, as a sign of trauma.
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Ryan, Donna F. "Deaf People in Hitler's Europe: Conducting Oral History Interviews With Deaf Holocaust Survivors." Public Historian 27, no. 2 (2005): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2005.27.2.43.
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Deaf people living in Europe between 1933 and 1945 were mistreated, forcibly sterilized, incarcerated, and murdered by the Nazis. Their stories have been overlooked or underappreciated because of the complexities of communication and the difficulties historians face gaining access to those communities. This article describes the challenges faced by two United States historians when they interviewed deaf Holocaust survivors in Budapest, Hungary and during a conference, "Deaf People in Hitler's Europe," co-sponsored by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and Gallaudet University. It also raises general questions of adapting methodologies to facilitate "oral" history interviews for deaf informants.
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Krell, Robert. "Child Survivors of the Holocaust — Strategies of Adaptation." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 38, no. 6 (August 1993): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379303800603.
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Child survivors have only recently been recognized as a developmentally distinct group with psychological experiences different from older survivors. The wartime circumstances of Nazi persecution caused enforced separation from family and friends, and all the survivors experienced persecution in the form of physical and emotional abuse, starvation and degradation, and were witnesses to cruelty. This paper is based on information from interviews and therapy with 25 child survivors, the majority of whom were not patients. Coping strategies are discussed in terms of their survival value in wartime and post-war adaptive value. Three themes which reverberate throughout the lives of child survivors, now adults, are discussed in greater detail: bereavement, memory and intellect. The fact that the majority of child survivors live normal and creative lives provides an opportunity to learn what factors have served them over 40 years, to provide the resilience and strength to cope after such a shattering beginning.
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Ius, Marco, and Paola Milani. "Resilienza e bambini separati dalla propria famiglia d'origine. Una ricerca su 21 bambini nascosti sopravvissuti alla Shoah." RIVISTA DI STUDI FAMILIARI, no. 2 (November 2009): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/fir2009-002008.
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- This paper reports on a qualitative research about resilience processes in Holocaust child survivors, particularly hidden children. Data refer to 21 life stories collected through 19 semi-structured interviews and 2 published biographies and analyzed assuming a Long Term approach that focuses on all life trajectories to obtain developmental outcomes within a life time perspective. The main aim of the research is to understand the protective factors that enable child survivors to develop and grow and can be used by social practitioners working with vulnerable children and families, in order to foster similar resilient responses in children away from home. Key words: resilience, child survivors, Holocaust, children out of home, protective factors.
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Gerwood, Joseph B. "Meaning and Love in Viktor Frankl's Writing: Reports from the Holocaust." Psychological Reports 75, no. 3 (December 1994): 1075–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.3.1075.
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Viktor Frankl has written that people can survive in the most adverse of situations. He emphasized that the will to meaning has actual survival value. Frankl said people who were oriented toward the future or who had loved ones to see again were most likely to have survived the Holocaust. But is this belief valid? Does love have survival value? Six survivors of the Holocaust were interviewed to assess whether they experienced thoughts and feelings as those described by Frankl. Analysis of results from these interviews showed that love was important but so were other factors.
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Leonhard, Birgit. "Nursing Care of Elderly Holocaust Survivors." Pflege 16, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1012-5302.16.1.31.
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Mit dem zunehmenden Alter der Holocaust-Überlebenden und dem häufigeren Kontakt zwischen Überlebenden und professioneller Pflege treten auch für die Pflege neue Anforderungen und Schwierigkeiten auf. In Interviews mit 18 Krankenpflegepersonen in Israel wurden die Erfahrungen von Pflegenden mit ihren Patientinnen und Patienten untersucht. Hierbei zeigt sich etwa, dass die Pflegepersonen ihre PatientInnen teilweise als besonders fordernd erleben; die Überlebenden meinten, aufgrund ihres in der Verfolgung erlittenen Schicksals eine bevorzugte Behandlung gegenüber den anderen Bewohnern und Patientinnen zu verdienen. Aufgrund dessen beschreiben die Pflegepersonen die Pflege dieser Menschen als besonders schwer und belastend, da sie ihnen ein größeres Maß an Geduld, Zeit, Verständnis und Aufmerksamkeit abverlangt. Bei der Betrachtung des persönlichen und familiären Hintergrundes der InterviewpartnerInnen fällt auf, dass gerade die Pflegepersonen, deren Eltern ebenfalls Überlebende der Shoah sind, dazu tendieren, einerseits auch die schweren Schicksale der anderen pflegebedürftigen Menschen zu berücksichtigen und andererseits das Charakteristikum der PatientInnen, wenig oder gar nicht über ihre Vergangenheit zu sprechen, meist nicht besonders betonen – da sie ohnehin damit aufgewachsen sind und daher dieses Schweigen für sie zur Selbstverständlichkeit geworden ist. Sie betonen, dass alle alten Menschen in Israel ein schweres Schicksal hatten und wehren damit teilweise auch eine Erwartungshaltung ab, gemäß derer die Holocaust-Überlebenden eine besonders einfühlsame und verständnisvolle Betreuung verdienten, die an sie noch höhere Anforderungen stellt und sie damit zu überfordern droht. Abschließend wird aufgezeigt, wie das Erleben der Überlebenden als fordernd und streitsüchtig durch die Pflegenden in einen Zirkel aus Ansprüchen von Seiten der KlientInnen und Zurückweisung durch die Pflegepersonen führen kann. Ein Weg zu mehr Verständnis, Empathie und adäquater Betreuung könnte unter anderem über gezielte Schulung und Bewusstseinsbildung führen.
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Rowland-Klein, Dani, and Rosemary Dunlop. "The Transmission of Trauma across Generations: Identification with Parental Trauma in Children of Holocaust Survivors." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 3 (June 1998): 358–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679809065528.
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Objective: This study examines the phenomenology of intergenerational transmission of trauma with the aim of elucidating the interactional process of transmission within an object relations framework. Method: The method consisted of systematic textual analysis of semi-structured interviews with six Jewish women born after the war who were children of concentration camp interned Holocaust survivors. Results: Four superordinate themes were identified: heightened awareness of parents' Holocaust survivor status, parenting style, overidentification with parents' experiences and transmission of fear and mistrust. These were found despite the variation in parental communication. Conclusions: The data suggest that unconscious processes are at least partially involved in the transmission of trauma. A form of projective identification is proposed as an explanatory mechanism which brings together diverse aspects of the observed phenomena: projection by the parent of Holocaust-related feelings and anxieties into the child; introjection by the child as if she herself had experienced the concentration camps; and return of this input by the child in the form of compliant and solicitous behaviour associated with enmeshment and individuation problems. Further research may establish these phenomena as a particular form of Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder.
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Schiff, Brian. "Telling it in Time: Interpreting Consistency and Change in the Life Stories of Holocaust Survivors." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 60, no. 3 (April 2005): 189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pxx9-1g2j-r6x7-n976.
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In this article, I inquire into the life of a single Holocaust survivor in order to give a “thick description” of the dynamics of talking about the past over time. David K., born in 1928 in Gheorgheni Hungary, was deported to Auschwitz in 1944, where he spent one month before entering slave labor camps in Mühldorf and Mittergars. My reading of David's life is based upon two interviews, the first from 1982 (at age 54) and the second from 1995 (at age 67). I employ a method of structural interpretation, “narrative mapping,” which is based upon the work of Labov and Waletzky (1967), in order to visualize the amount of overall consistency between the two interviews. I also carefully study individual narratives that are repeated over time. My reading of David's interviews suggests strong consistency along with significant changes. There is enormous consistency in the structure and content of narratives but differences in the point or evaluations of narratives. I also argue that David's later interview is more fully developed; David's later interview contains several new narratives and integrates historical insights into his account of the past. I discuss the merits of two explanations for this change, culture and time in development. Finally, I suggest possible strategies for researchers interested in working with the vast archives of survivor interviews.
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Schiff, Brian, Heather Skillingstead, Olivia Archibald, Alex Arasim, and Jenny Peterson. "Consistency and change in the repeated narratives of Holocaust survivors." Narrative Inquiry 16, no. 2 (December 15, 2006): 349–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.16.2.07sch.
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In this article, we study the oral history interviews of eight survivors of Auschwitz-Birkenau. We give a detailed analysis of a central narrative in their life story, the “selection narrative,” the experience of being forcibly separated from family into groups for labor or death, as it is told in the late 1970s-to-early 1980s and again in the 1990s. We study patterns of structure and variation in the referential aspects of narrative, how narratives recapitulate past actions, and the evaluative aspects of narrative, how narratives are interpreted. Our analysis of these eight sets of repeated narratives focuses on four processes that help structure consistent accounts over time: the past, previous tellings, culture and the interview situation. In each set of repeated narratives, the selection narrative maintains significant portions of the complicating action and evaluations over time. At the same time, various changes are evident that alter the style or interpretation of the narrative. In other words, changes were, in large measure, observed in “how” or “why” the narrative was told but not in “what” was recounted. Our data suggests that despite changes in context, critical aspects of our identities endure over long periods of time.
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Scharf, Miri, and Ofra Mayseless. "Disorganizing Experiences in Second- and Third-Generation Holocaust Survivors." Qualitative Health Research 21, no. 11 (December 28, 2010): 1539–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732310393747.
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Second-generation Holocaust survivors might not show direct symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder or attachment disorganization, but are at risk for developing high levels of psychological distress. We present themes of difficult experiences of second-generation Holocaust survivors, arguing that some of these aversive experiences might have disorganizing qualities even though they do not qualify as traumatic. Based on in-depth interviews with 196 second-generation parents and their adolescent children, three themes of disorganizing experiences carried across generations were identified: focus on survival issues, lack of emotional resources, and coercion to please the parents and satisfy their needs. These themes reflect the frustration of three basic needs: competence, relatedness, and autonomy, and this frustration becomes disorganizing when it involves stability, potency, incomprehensibility, and helplessness. The findings shed light on the effect of trauma over the generations and, as such, equip therapists with a greater understanding of the mechanisms involved.
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Matz, David, Eric B. Vogel, Sandra Mattar, and Haydee Montenegro. "Interrupting Intergenerational Trauma: Children of Holocaust Survivors and the Third Reich." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 46, no. 2 (November 20, 2015): 185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691624-12341295.
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This qualitative study used descriptive phenomenology to examine experiences of healing and reconciliation, for children of Holocaust survivors, through dialogue with children of the Third Reich. Descriptive phenomenological interviews with 5 participants yielded several common essential elements. The findings indicated that participants experienced a sense of healing of intergenerational trauma, a reduction in prejudice, and increase in motivation for pro-social behaviors. The degree to which these findings may reflect a shift in sense of identity, as well as the implications of the findings for conflict resolution, intergroup conflict reduction and peace psychology are discussed.
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Isserman, Nancy. "Political Tolerance and Intolerance: Using Qualitative Interviews to Understand the Attitudes of Holocaust Survivors." Contemporary Jewry 29, no. 1 (January 24, 2009): 21–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12397-008-9003-6.
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Bernstein, Julia. "The Art of Testimony: David Boder and his Archive of Holocaust Survivors’ Audio-Interviews." East European Jewish Affairs 48, no. 3 (September 2, 2018): 354–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501674.2018.1518831.
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Craftman, Åsa Gransjön, Anna Swall, Kajsa Båkman, Åke Grundberg, and Carina Lundh Hagelin. "Caring for older people with dementia reliving past trauma." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 2 (August 28, 2019): 621–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019864152.
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Background: The occurrence of behavioural changes and problems, and degree of paranoid thoughts, are significantly higher among people who have experienced extreme trauma such as during the Holocaust. People with dementia and traumatic past experiences may have flashbacks reminding them of these experiences, which is of relevance in caring situations. In nursing homes for people with dementia, nursing assistants are often the group of staff who provide help with personal needs. They have firsthand experience of care and managing the devastating outcomes of inadequate understanding of a person’s past experiences. Aim: The aim was to describe nursing assistants’ experiences of caring for older people with dementia who have experienced Holocaust trauma. Research design: A qualitative descriptive and inductive approach was used, including qualitative interviews and content analysis. Participants and research context: Nine nursing assistants from a Jewish nursing home were interviewed. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board, Stockholm. Findings: The theme ‘Adapting and following the survivors’ expression of their situation’ was built on two categories: Knowing the life story enables adjustments in the care and Need for flexibility in managing emotional expressions. Discussion and conclusion: The world still witnesses genocidal violence and such traumatic experiences will therefore be reflected in different ways when caring for survivors with dementia in the future. Person-centred care and an awareness of the meaning of being a survivor of severe trauma make it possible to avoid negative triggers, and confirm emotions and comfort people during negative flashbacks in caring situations and environments. Nursing assistants’ patience and empathy were supported by a wider understanding of the behaviour of people with dementia who have survived trauma.
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Iversen, Stefan. "Vidnesbyrdets vidner: Receptionsangst og etik i mødet med det interviewede vidne." K&K - Kultur og Klasse 36, no. 106 (March 22, 2009): 96–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kok.v36i106.22026.
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Witnessing the Witness: Anxiety of Reception and the Survivor Interview:In this article I highlight and discuss the ethical challenges raised in and by the reception of witness interviews, focusing on audiovisual and written interviews with survivors from what is commonly referred to as Holocaust. The article falls into three parts. In the first part I outline the basic features of witness interviews, arguing that such interviews may be described according to the different answers they provide to questions regarding authenticity, performativity and interactivity. Drawing upon recent theoretical approaches from the study of testimony and witness narratives, the second part of the article presents and discusses different ways of positioning oneself as the receiver of such cultural artifacts, suggesting the term ‘anxiety of reception’ to describe a common difficulty shared by these approaches, a difficulty not easily, if at all, avoidable. The final part of the article extends this discussion by turning towards some of the experiences gained during the making of a recent Danish publication of witness interviews – Vidnesbyrd: Danske fortællinger fra tyske koncentrationslejre (2008) [Testimonies: Danish Stories from German Concentration Camps], collected and edited by Henrik Skov Nielsen, Stefan Kjerkegaard and myself.
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Freyburger, Philipp, and Frank Jäger. "Emergentes Erinnern. Sensorische, kognitive und mediale (Spiel-)Räume in Oral-History-Interviews und literarischen Erinnerungstexten." Romanische Forschungen 133, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 176–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3196/003581221832836710.
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Numerous studies have shown how autobiographical narratives can illustrate the functions and structures of traumatic memory through language However, comparative research between linguistics and literature, between oral and written accounts, has often been neglected, especially when it comes to the role of sensory perception in the process of memory emergence The present study focuses on the examination of ’emerging memory‘ in both oral history interviews and literary narratives as testified by traumatised war and holocaust survivors It focuses primarily on communicative strategies and linguistic structures, which can be found in both corpora By applying the linguistic concept of evidentiality, it will be shown how visual and auditive stimuli condition, regulate and facilitate the process of verbalization in both oral and written narratives
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Cole, Tim, and Torsten Hahmann. "Geographies of the Holocaust: Experiments in GIS, QSR, and Graph Representations." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 13, no. 1-2 (October 2019): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2019.0230.
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This article responds to the widespread and oft-noted challenges digital humanists face in working with data that is uncertain and characterised by complex narratives. Using an example drawn from the vast archives of post-war interviews with Holocaust survivors, it draws on approaches developed in Qualitative Spatial Representation (QSR) to explore how two key spatial aspects of survivor's narratives – their uncertain wartime trajectories and the slippage in scales as these are retold – can be represented. Spatial information in narratives tends to not provide the exact coordinates necessary to store the information in geospatial databases. Instead, narratives rely much more on often less precise qualitative spatial relations such as ‘near’, ‘next to’, ‘at the corner of’ without precise geometric interpretations. Given that relational databases are ill-equipped to store this kind of relational spatial knowledge from natural language sources, the article argues for a need for digital humanists to return to first principles and reconsider database design. Descriptive triple-based graph representations, which have been devised to accommodate this kind of highly irregular, semi-structured relational knowledge, have the potential to work with, rather than against, the grain of the narrative sources that underlie the work of much of the digital humanities.
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TESHUVA, KAREN, and YVONNE WELLS. "Experiences of ageing and aged care in Australia of older survivors of genocide." Ageing and Society 34, no. 3 (November 6, 2012): 518–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x12001109.
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ABSTRACTThis qualitative study investigated the ageing and aged care experiences in Australia of two cohorts of older survivors of genocide: Jewish Holocaust survivors and older Cambodian genocide survivors. It was carried out in response to an identified need to better train aged care workers who are in contact with these groups. In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 community-dwelling survivors aged 65 and over. Credibility was ensured by methodological triangulation and peer debriefing. The study highlighted the importance of understanding older survivors’ ageing and aged care experiences in the context of their entire lifecourse and in terms of both vulnerability and resilience. It showed that trauma history can heighten older survivors’ sensitivity to many aspects of the social and physical environments in residential, community and home-based aged care settings. The study also uncovered the potential for aged care services to help older survivors cope with the psycho-social and emotional effects of resurfacing post-traumatic stress symptoms. The implications of the study findings for care practice include the importance of recognising older survivors of genocide as a distinct group of clients and the need to distinguish staff training for caring for this client group from general cultural awareness training.
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Livingston, Kathy. "Opportunities for Mourning When Grief is Disenfranchised: Descendants of Nazi Perpetrators in Dialogue with Holocaust Survivors." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 61, no. 3 (November 2010): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.61.3.c.
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This article explores the concepts of unmourned and disenfranchised grief as a way to understand the experiences of adult children of Nazi perpetrators, who grew up with cultural norms of grieving alone or in silence. The scholarly literature on descendants of Nazis reflects a group unlikely to warrant empathy or support from others because of the stigma surrounding their family's possible involvement in the Holocaust atrocities. This article uses, as a case study approach, the testimony given by Monika Hertwig, the adult daughter of a high ranking Nazi, who appears in the documentary film, Inheritance. From the perspective of disenfranchised grief, defined as grief that is not socially recognized or supported, the article links Monika's testimony with existing research from in-depth interviews with other descendants of Nazis to suggest that, as a group, they lacked permission to grieve their deceased parents, acknowledgment of their grief, and opportunities to mourn. Based on the theory that the effects of grief can be trans-generational, the disenfranchisement experienced by the “children of the Third Reich” does not have to pass to subsequent generations if opportunities for mourning are made possible and some resolution of grief occurs. Studies have shown that ongoing dialogue groups between Holocaust survivors and descendants of Nazis provide opportunities for mourning to both groups.
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Omer-Sherman, Ranen. "“To Extract from It Some Sort of Beautiful Thing”: The Holocaust in the Families and Fiction of Nava Semel and Etgar Keret." Humanities 9, no. 4 (November 23, 2020): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9040137.
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In literary narratives by Nava Semel (1954–2017) and Etgar Keret (b. 1967), both Israeli children of Holocaust survivors, readers encounter the kinds of searching questions about inheriting the burden of traumatic inheritance, witnessing, and postmemory frequently intrinsic to second-generation literature in other national contexts. However, their works are further distinguished by acute examinations that probe the moral fabric of Israeli society itself, including dehumanization of the enemy through slogans and other debased forms of language and misuses of historical memory. In addition, their fiction measures the distance between the suffering and pain of intimate family memory (what Semel once dubbed their “private Shoah”) and ceremonial, nationalistic forms of Holocaust memory, and the apartness felt by the children of survivors who sense themselves somehow at odds with their society’s heroic values. Semel’s numerous articles, and fiction as well as nonfiction books, frequently address second and third-generation trauma, arguably most impressively in her harrowing five-part novel And the Rat Laughed (2001) that spans 150 years but most crucially juxtaposes the experiences of a “hidden child” in a remote wartime Polish village repeatedly raped with that of her grandchild writing a dutiful report for her class in contemporary Israel. Elsewhere, in a distant future, a bewildered but determined anthropologist is set on assembling a scientific report with coherent meaning from the fragmented “myths” inherited from the barbaric past. Over the years, Keret (generally known more for whimsical and surreal tales) has often spoken in interviews as well as his memoir about being raised by survivors. “Siren”, set in a Tel Aviv high school, is one of the most acclaimed of Keret’s realist stories (and required reading in Israeli high schools), raises troubling questions about Israeli society’s official forms of Holocaust mourning and remembrance and individual conscience. It is through their portrayals of the cognitive and moral struggles of children and adolescents, the destruction of their innocence, and gradual awakening into compassionate awareness that Semel and Keret most shine, each unwavering in preserving the Shoah’s legacy as a form of vigilance against society’s abuses, whether toward “internal” or “external” others.
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Cukras-Stelągowska, Joanna. "Konflikty, kompromisy i rezerwuar międzykulturowości w małżeństwach mieszanych." Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja 22, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/kse.2022.22.07.
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In this article, I discuss the issues of mixed marriages, referring to research conducted by Polish sociologists, psychologists and educators. On this basis, I try to show possible areas of conflict in this type of relationships, various strategies for working out compromises as well as various relations with the social microstructure. I emphasise problems related to bringing up children in a bi-cultural family environment, in particular aspects of bi-religious home education. My intention is also to identify potential areas of intercultural enrichment and the emergence of new cultural capital in mixed families. I also reflect on PolishJewish marriages by recalling the biography of a representative of the third generation of the Holocaust survivors, married to a Catholic, who has introduced, together with her husband, a model of dualistic education. The research was based on the biographical method, unstructured/indepth interviews. The article presents one of the elements of broader research, which focused on the construction of the socio-cultural identity of the narrators.
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Haverhals, Leah, and Katie Cherry. "Major Disasters’ Impacts on Long-Term Care Settings, Vulnerable Older Adults, and Care Providers." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.770.
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Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately negatively affected older adults, and has specifically devasted older adults who are minorities and those who reside in long-term care (LTC) facilities. For professionals working in LTC facilities, major stressors and challenges due to the pandemic must be navigated, sometimes in parallel with the effect that major disasters like hurricanes can have on LTC facilities. This symposium will focus on the impact major disasters, including the COVID-19 pandemic and Hurricane Irma, had on LTC settings and those who live and work there, as well as older adults who are minorities and their communities. First, Dr. Roma Hanks will present findings from a study of community members and leaders in a majority African-American community in the United States (US) about their experiences with and challenges faced related to the pandemic. Second, Dr. Lisa Brown will share experiences and perceptions of mental health clinicians from across the US who worked in LTC settings before and during the pandemic. Third, Dr. Ella Cohn-Schwartz will describe how the pandemic impacted Holocaust survivors ages 75+ in Israel compared to older adults who did not experience the Holocaust. Fourth, Dr. Lindsay Peterson will present findings from interviews with nursing home and assisted living community representatives in the US regarding vulnerabilities LTC facilities experienced related to Hurricane Irma in 2017. As a whole, these presenters will provide insights into experiences of older adults, care providers, LTC facilities, and communities as they navigated challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and a major hurricane.
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Gasztold, Brygida. "The Continuing Story of the Yiddish Language: The Yiddish Book Center in Amherst, Massachusetts." Text Matters, no. 5 (November 17, 2015): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/texmat-2015-0003.
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The focus of my article is a unique place, the Yiddish Book Center in Amherst, Massachusetts, which connects Yiddish culture with the American one, the experience of the Holocaust with the descendants of the survivors, and a modern idea of Jewishness with the context of American postmodernity. Created in the 1980s, in the mind of a young and enthusiastic student Aaron Lansky, the Yiddish Book Center throughout the years has become a unique place on the American cultural map. Traversing the continents and crossing borders, Lansky and his co-workers for over thirty years have been saving Yiddish language books from extinction. The Center, however, has long stopped to be merely a storage house for the collection, but instead has grown into a vibrant hub of Yiddishkeit in the United States. Its employees do not only collect, distribute, digitalize and post online the forgotten volumes, but also engage in diverse activities, scholarly and cultural, that promote the survival of the tradition connected with Yiddish culture. They educate, offering internships and fellowships to students interested in learning Yiddish from across the world, translate, publish, and exhibit Yiddish language materials, in this way finding new users for the language whose speakers were virtually annihilated by the Holocaust. To honour their legacy, a separate project is aimed at conducting video interviews that record life testimonies of the speakers of Yiddish. Aaron Lansky’s 2004 memoir, Outwitting History, provides an interesting insight into the complexities of his arduous life mission. Today, the Center lives its own unique life, serving the world of academia and Yiddishkeit enthusiasts alike.
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Lallouz, Rachel. "Historical Trauma, Queer Sex, and Physical Touch in Barbara Hammer’s Nitrate Kisses." Frames Cinema Journal 19 (February 18, 2022): 75–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/fcj.v19i0.2384.
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For lesbian-feminist filmmaker Barbara Hammer, “making up” lost queer history in the absence of conventional archives is a material and embodied process seen in her experimental documentary Nitrate Kisses (1992). This film centres around different queer couples portraying various erotic, physical and sexual acts. Each of these acts are aligned with voice-over interviews and visual archival ephemera detailing particular historical traumas, including the AIDS crisis and the erasure of lesbian experiences from life narratives of Holocaust survivors. I argue that the body and various erotic acts in Nitrate Kisses become sites of consciousness and cognition employed in the recovery of traumatic memory. As I explore, it is physical touch—sexual and erotic touch in particular—that acts as a conduit for accessing lost or purposefully invisibilized archival knowledge. Employing Elizabeth Freeman’s erotohistoriography, I argue that sex and other forms of physical touch in Hammer’s film become a method of remembering historical injustices, making them visible through an embodied queer-feminist archival practice in order for the viewer to bear witness to trauma that has shaped queer cultural memory.
This article contains images of nudity and sexual behaviour.
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Kuhlmann, Annelis. "Performing Memoria." Nordic Theatre Studies 31, no. 2 (May 18, 2020): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nts.v31i2.120117.
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Odin Teatret’s Memoria (1990) centres round an actor’s conflict with the act of remembering. In this article, however, one strand follows Giorgio Agamben’s presentation of “remnants of Auschwitz”, which is based on the story of Hasidic children’s experience of surviving World War II, and how for some survivors, the guilt of surviving while others perished is too great a burden to bear, so much so that suicide seems their only route to peace. A further strand builds on Rebecca Schneider’s ideas about the very act of re-enacting remembrance as a performance, which remains once all living memories of historical facts are gone. On a more specific level, Memoria brings together the narrative of the Hasidic Tales of the Holocaust (1983) with memories from philosophers such as Primo Levi and Jean Améry, with Else Marie Laukvik and Frans Winther giving voice to these speechless memories. Laukvik, who is the author of the Memoria script, also manages to embody the conflict that can arise from remembering in her performance. The article is based on watching Memoria, as well as archive materials, personal interviews, and other performances by Else Marie Laukvik, who is also the author of the Memoria script.
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Mwambari, David. "Agaciro, vernacular memory, and the politics of memory in post-genocide Rwanda." African Affairs 120, no. 481 (October 1, 2021): 611–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adab031.
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Abstract Recent debates in post-genocide and post-war Rwanda have explored how official commemorations of the Genocide Against the Tutsi in many ways borrow and ‘mimic’ the Holocaust memory ‘paradigm’. The academic canon on post-1994 Rwanda focuses the mostly on politics around this official memory that has evolved into hegemonic memory and on how it has been mobilized to promote a selective memory of the past. However, there is little analysis of vernacular, bottom-up memory practices that have evolved alongside the official one. Using observation, semi-structured interviews, and secondary sources, this article examines vernacular memory practices of mourning the wartime missing in Rwanda. Through the concepts of ‘multidirectional’ and ‘traveling’ memory, this study examines how survivors of these interconnected violent histories that unfolded in two different countries claim multi-faceted Agaciro (dignity, self-respect, and self-worth) through two different memory approaches. The article argues that while actors in official memory approach claim Agaciro through borrowing from another global hegemonic memory, respondents in this study created vernacular avenues to remember their missing loved ones. The article finds that while hegemonic memory might appear to only compete with vernacular memory, there are also ‘knots’ that connect these two memory forms in Rwanda’s context and beyond. In its conclusion, the article proposes an Agaciro-centred approach to examine the relationships between official and unofficial memory practices that have been reenergized through protests both offline and online in Rwanda and beyond. The article contributes to scholarship on Rwanda’s post-genocide memory politics, transcultural memory, and decolonial perspectives on dignity.
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Sharon, Asaf, Itzhak Levav, Jenny Brodsky, Annarosa Anat Shemesh, and Robert Kohn. "Psychiatric disorders and other health dimensions among Holocaust survivors 6 decades later." British Journal of Psychiatry 195, no. 4 (October 2009): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.108.058784.
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BackgroundNo previous community-based epidemiological study has explored psychiatric disorders among those who survived the Holocaust.AimsTo examine anxiety and depressive disorders, sleep disturbances, other health problems and use of services among individuals exposed and unexposed to the Holocaust.MethodThe relevant population samples were part of the Israel World Mental Health Survey. The interview schedule included the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and other health-related items.ResultsThe Holocaust survivor group had higher lifetime (16.1%; OR = 6.8, 95% CI 1.9–24.2) and 12-month (6.9%; OR = 22.5, 95% CI 2.5–204.8) prevalence rates of anxiety disorders, and more current sleep disturbances (62.4%; OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.4–4.4) and emotional distress (P<0.001) than their counterparts, but did not have higher rates of depressive disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionsEarly severe adversity was associated with psychopathological disorder long after the end of the Second World War, but not in all survivors. Age during the Holocaust did not modify the results.
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Greenspan, H. "When Is an Interview an Interview? Notes from Listening to Holocaust Survivors." Poetics Today 27, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 431–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03335372-2005-012.
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Weissmark, Mona S., Daniel A. Giacomo, and Ilona Kuphal. "Psychosocial Themes in the Lives of Children of Survivors and Nazis." Journal of Narrative and Life History 3, no. 4 (January 1, 1993): 319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jnlh.3.4.01psy.
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Abstract Significant work has been done on effects of the Holocaust on the second generation. Research shows there is a link between the parents' trauma and a variety of psychological symptoms in children of survivors. Children of Nazis have also been a topic of psychological and journalistic inquiry. The research suggests that many of these children experience conflict, shame, and personal guilt when dealing with their parents' Nazi past. The much discussed "inability to mourn" has been identified as the central reason for why these children were traumatized. These findings have been central to our awareness of the intergen-erational effects of the Holocaust. There is to date, however, no systematic research that compares the effects on these two groups of descendants. Thus, in an effort to advance research in this area, this study was undertaken to explore similarities between these two groups. Whereas previous studies have focused on the pathological effects of trauma on each group separately, the focus of this study was on comparative coping responses of individuals whose parents were involved in an extreme social injustice. An additional later aim is to study the interpersonal behavior between children of survivors and children of Nazis. The study consisted of interviewing 20 subjects, 10 children of Nazis and 10 children of concentration camp survivors. The former subjects were interviewed by a child of a Nazi (Kuphal), and the latter were interviewed by a child of concentration camp survivors (Weissmark). The interview was de-signed by a neutral party (Giacomo) to generate data by focusing on broad areas. The investigators hypothesized that these areas would yield useful data for comparing the similarities and differences between the two groups of sub-jects. Responses of children of survivors and Nazis revealed similar threads of images and associations to the past that run through their lives. These include: information-seeking, meaning-making, a personal sense of injustice, and re-dressing actions. (Psychology)
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Buchholz, Michael B. "Momente und ihre Menschen im Zeitzeugen-Interview." Paragrana 27, no. 1 (August 28, 2018): 202–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/para-2018-0014.
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AbstractAs shown in my text in Part I of this volume, the Boston theory, Goffman, and some parts of mentalization theory all address the phenomenon of special “moments”. These theories value the role of conversation very differently. Goffman’s theory comprises most; conversation is what makes “moments” possible but “moments” are not the goal of every “talk-in-interaction”. More specified conditions of “moments” will be described with the goal to apply them to a transcribed interviewed with a Holocaust survivor. Conversation analysis in the future will have to develop concepts for what has been termed “noticeable absence” (Harvey Sacks). After analysis of what is said and (interactively) done, there remains the question how to deal with what is silenced.
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Dupont, Joan. "Marceline Loridan-Ivens: A Posthumous Interview." Film Quarterly 73, no. 2 (2019): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2019.73.2.41.
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Marceline Loridan-Ivens may be best known for her scene-stealing participation in Jean Rouch and Edgar Morin's cinema verité classic, Chronicle of a Summer (1961). However, as FQ contributing editor Joan Dupont makes manifestly clear in her evocative appreciation, Loridan-Ivens was a true force of nature; an actress, director, and writer who remained creatively active and productive throughout her long life. She was also a Holocaust survivor, who returned to her experiences in the camps through her writing and filmmaking but found a way for her trauma to coexist with an irrepressible zest for life. Through interviews with over eight of Loridan-Ivens closest friends and family members, Dupont creates a multiperspectival portrait of Loridan-Ivens, including her years of close collaboration with her life partner, director Joris Ivens.
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Ohana, Irit, Hava Golander, and Yoram Barak. "Balancing psychache and resilience in aging Holocaust survivors." International Psychogeriatrics 26, no. 6 (February 13, 2014): 929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104161021400012x.
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ABSTRACTBackground:Psychache can and does co-exist alongside resilience and coping amongst trauma survivors. This has been the center of the a-integrative theory of aging demonstrating an attitude to life based on cognitive and emotional dimensions. Aging of Holocaust survivors (HS) is especially difficult when focus is brought to the issue of integrating their life history. The present study aimed to investigate the interplay between psychache and resilience amongst aging HS.Methods:Cross-sectional study of HS and a matched comparison group recruited from the general population was carried out. All underwent a personal interview and endorsed quantifiable psychache and resilience scales.Results:We enrolled 214 elderly participants: 107 HS and 107 comparison participants. Mean age for the participants was 80.7± years; there were 101 women and 113 men in each group. Holocaust survivors did not differ in the level of resilience from comparisons (mean: 5.82 ± 0.68 vs. 5.88 ± 0.55, respectively). Psychache was significantly more intense in the HS group (F(8,205) = 2.21; p < 0.05).Conclusions:The present study demonstrates the complex interplay between psychache and resilience. Aging HS still have to cope with high levels of psychache while realizing a life-long process of development through resilience.
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Plunka, Gene A. "Symptoms of Psychological Problems among Children of Holocaust Survivors: Faye Sholiton's The Interview." Journal of Literature and Trauma Studies 7, no. 1 (2018): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jlt.2018.0000.
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Sagi-Schwartz, Abraham, Nina Koren-Karie, and Tirtsa Joels. "Failed mourning in the Adult Attachment Interview: The case of Holocaust child survivors." Attachment & Human Development 5, no. 4 (December 2003): 398–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616730310001633429.
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Kazlauskas, Evaldas, and Danutė Gailienė. "KATALIKŲ BAŽNYČIOS KAITA LIETUVOJE TRANSFORMACIJŲ LAIKOTARPIU." Psichologija 27 (January 1, 2003): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/psichol.2003..4375.
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Straipsnyje analizuojami ilgalaikio traumavimo, kurį patyrė išgyvenusieji politines represijas, psichologiniai efektai. 50 buvusių politinių kalinių, kurie buvo ištremti į Sibiro lagerius, lyginami su panašaus amžiaus kontroline grupe. Nors po traumavimo jau praėjo daugiau kaip 40 metų, nustatyti potrauminio streso sutrikimui būdingi požymiai, kurie parodė, kad ypač sunkaus ir ilgalaikio traumavimo klinikiniai psichologiniai padariniai išlieka ilgai.
COMPLEXITY OF LONG-TERM PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF POLITICAL REPRESSIONS IN LITHUANIAEvaldas Kazlauskas, Danutė Gailienė
SummaryOBJECTIVE: This study examined long-term consequences of political repressions during the Soviet regime in Lithuania. Between 1940 and 1958 more than 300,000 Lithuanians were arrested and deported to Siberia (Anušauskas, 1996). Conditions of imprisonment in Gulag camps were extremely hard and mortality rate from exhaustion and disease was high. Victims who managed to return back to Lithuania suffered from persistent persecutions. Traumatic experiences of former political prisoners were neglected for decades; they had to keep in secret the fact of the imprisonment. Less than 5,000 survivors of political imprisonment still live in Lithuania. Since the introduction of posttraumatic stress disorder in DSM-III (1980) trauma effects have been studied mostly in terms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). But clinicians and trauma researchers acknowledge controversies in modern understanding of PTSD (Yahuda, MacFarlane, 1995). Severe impairments in personality of victims have been reported by clinicians working with survivors of holocaust, sexual abuse, and victims of torture, but these changes in personality are not accepted in current understanding of PTSD. The concept of PTSD receives more and more critics due to limitations in describing psychological effects after long term traumatic experiences that may lasts for years. Complex posttraumatic stress disorder has been introduced (Herman, 1992) in result of these discussions to describe variety of effects of long term trauma, and acceptance of this concept is growing in the field. There are only few studies on psychological effects of political repressions in former Soviet Union territory. This is the first study of psychological effects of political imprisonment in Lithuania. The goal of present study was to examine traumatic experiences and psychological effects among non-clinical sample of former Lithuanian political prisoners. METHOD: The group of former political prisoners (N=50), with a history of deportation to Gulag camps, was compared with an age and sex matched control group (N=50). Former political prisoners were imprisoned for 6.9 years on average. 43.1 years have passed since their return to Lithuania at a time of research. Semi-structured interviews were used to measure experiences during and after imprisonment. Posttraumatic effects were measured using Lithuanian versions of self-rating scales: Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (Mollica et al., 1992), Impact of Event Scale - Revised (Weiss, Marmar, 1996), Trauma Symptom Checklist (Briere, Runtz, 1989). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that traumatic experiences dealing with political imprisonment and exile have long-term complex posttraumatic effects on Lithuanian former political prisoners. Concept of complex posttraumatic disorder is partly supported by results of this study. Limitations of the study due to retrospective nature of the study, elderly age of participants and control group selection are discussed. Further research is required to assess the impact of political oppression during Soviet regime on population of former Soviet Republics.
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Ehrlich,, Ellen Goldschmidt. "Protecting Our Families in the Aftermath of 9/11 and the Holocaust." International Journal of Human Caring 7, no. 2 (March 2003): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20467/1091-5710.7.2.28.
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“Never again” is the cry relating to the Holocaust that thunders around the world. Yet, we see in the events of September 11, 2001 tragedies of equal barbarity continuing. One way to prevent this is to keep the stories alive for future generations. Remembering the Holocaust and 9/11, and their stories alive for our families is one way. Aphenomenological approach was used. Seven second-generation survivors were interviewed. The findings include themes of surviving, frightening experiences, safety, loss, daily thoughts, denial, minimizing, connections, passing on heritage, and identity. With this major societal issue, we must look at the structure and behaviors in our society and at ways to change the cruelty of people to people.
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Heller, Veronika. "Revisionen." Paragrana 27, no. 1 (August 28, 2018): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/para-2018-0012.
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AbstractReferring to the video testimony of Holocaust survivor Mrs. K. and interviewer and psychoanalyst Kurt Grünberg, I propose to analyse the body movement behavior in interaction in this interview as the “Gestalt” of memory units. According to the theory of embodiment and following Daniel Stern, I show how it is possible to co-construct sense while watching nonverbal aspects of giving testimony. Using different methods of movement analysis such as KMP, LMA, NEUROGES and MEA, this study was conducted by means of phenomenological inquiry. I suggest that a hermeneutic perspective on movement aspects can thus be used to enrich the transcript and provide a broader and highly specific understanding of this testimony. Movement can thus be seen as an integral part of transmission.
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Morgan-Consoli, Melissa L., Brian J. Stevenson, Erika Noriega Pigg, Wendy Eichler Morrison, Kelley Hershman, and Carlos Roman. "A Social-‐Justice Informed Evaluation of a Mentorship-Based Program Pairing At-Risk Youth and Holocaust Survivors." Journal for Social Action in Counseling & Psychology 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/jsacp.8.2.49-69.
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This paper describes a social justice informed, formative evaluation of a community-based intervention program in our community that paired marginalized Latinx youth and Holocaust survivor mentors. This program is a unique effort to address the issues facing this youth population through difficult dialogues and mentorship from a group who has clearly suffered oppression. Using a qualitative, community-based approach, eight program participants were interviewed to explore the aspects of the program that were helpful or challenging among youth mentees and survivor mentors. We reflect on the success of mentorship interventions in promoting bridges of understanding between populations with different combinations of power and privilege. Emergent themes from the evaluation suggest that this community-based mentorship program led to several positive outcomes, including increased openness to diversity, increased empathy, and increased potential meaning-making for mentor survivors, as well as some challenges such as clearer program expectations and program planning issues. Using a lens of Positive Youth Development and social justice, we detail the lessons learned from this mentoring program for future counselors and psychologists interested in program development and evaluation. We also provide reflections on the formative program evaluation process for future community-based researchers and the personal impact of the experience on the students in training. Finally, we reflect on impact validity and the systems level transformative change that can be promoted through community-based programs such as this one.
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Goldenberg, Jennie. "The impact on the interviewer of Holocaust survivor narratives: Vicarious traumatization or transformation?" Traumatology 8, no. 4 (2002): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153476560200800405.
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Ellis, Carolyn, and Jerry Rawicki. "Remembering the Past/Anticipating the Future: A Professor From the White Working Class Talks With a Survivor of the Holocaust About Our Troubled World." Qualitative Inquiry 24, no. 5 (November 23, 2017): 323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800417741387.
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This article extends the research of Jerry Rawicki and Carolyn Ellis who have collaborated for more than eight years on memories and consequences of the Holocaust. Focusing on Jerry’s memories of his experience during the Holocaust, they present dialogues that took place during five recorded interviews and follow-up conversations that reflect on the similarity of Hitler’s seizing of power in the 1930s to the meteoric rise of Donald Trump. Noting how issues of class and race were taking an increasingly prominent role in their conversations and collaborative writing, they also begin to examine discontent in the rural, White working class and Carolyn’s socialization within that community. These dialogues and reflections seek to shed light on the current political climate in America as Carolyn and Jerry struggle to cope with their fears and envision a hopeful path forward for their country.
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Higuchi, Y. "A. Sawada: Memories of the Night: The Testimonies of Holocaust Survivors interviewed by a Japanese Scholar." THEOLOGICAL STUDIES IN JAPAN, no. 45 (2006): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5873/nihonnoshingaku.2006.188.
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Buchholz, Michael B. "Momente und ihre Menschen." Paragrana 27, no. 1 (August 28, 2018): 41–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/para-2018-0003.
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AbstractThe Boston-Theory about Now-Moments, Moments-of-Meeting and “present moments” up-to-date has not founded this impressive theory in a precise transcript. What are these moments in detail? How to recognize them? There are strong affinities between the microanalytic work of the Boston-Group and social-scientific conversation analysis, but there are deviations, too. In a first part, I will sound out affinities and differences intending to become able to more precisely determine what these moments are and how they can be detected. In a second paper (this volume), I will turn to an interview with a holocaust-survivor with the methodological goal to find more methodological precise determinations of what now-moments are.
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Werb, Bret Charles, and Maria V. Lebedeva. "The Aleksander Kulisiewicz Collection at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: An Introduction." Observatory of Culture 17, no. 5 (November 12, 2020): 478–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2020-17-5-478-495.
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Envisioned by its founders as a storehouse of historical evidence — material artifacts, written and oral testimonies, photographs and films — the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington DC is the repository of a significant archive of music salvaged from the Nazi ghettos and camps. This paper focuses on the Museum’s single largest music collection, that of the Polish camp survivor Aleksander Kulisiewicz (1918—1982). A native of Kraków, Poland, who spent over five years as a political prisoner in Sachsenhausen, Kulisiewicz in later life grew obsessed with documenting the repertoire that his fellow Poles and an international cadre of musicians, authors, and artistes created and performed while captives of the Germans. The collection he amassed during his final decades consists of hundreds of songs, choral works and instrumental pieces gathered from survivor memoirs, manuscripts, and multiple recorded interviews with former inmates. Approximately 70,000 pages of documentation encompass music-related artworks, biographical details of camp poets and composers, and copious additional corroborating material. Apart from providing an overview of the collection, the paper will discuss Kulisiewicz’s cultural and intellectual background in interwar Poland, and postwar career as a performer, activist and author. Music illustrations will be drawn from Kulisiewicz’s archive of sound recordings, including selections from his own series of autobiographical songs written in Sachsenhausen. A final set of musical examples demonstrates the collection’s utility as a resource for musicians and programmers seeking overlooked, yet revivable repertoire, and for composers inspired to create new works based on “rescued” music preserved in the Museum’s archive.
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Urdiales-Shaw, Martín. "Between Transmission and Translation: The Rearticulation of Vladek Spiegelman's Languages in Maus." Translation and Literature 24, no. 1 (March 2015): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2015.0182.
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This article examines the ways in which languages occur in the discourse of Auschwitz survivor Vladek Spiegelman, both in the graphic memoir Maus and in the interview transcripts used by Art Spiegelman as original oral source for his father's story. Drawing from contrastive analyses of the ocurrences of German, Nazi-Deutsch, Polish, and Yiddish in context, this essay proposes that, in his use of foreign vocabulary, the voice of Vladek as character in Maus has been to a degree reinscribed and ‘translated’ by Art Spiegelman. Instances of the reinscription of Vladek's languages include the foreignization of English through Polish, the rehistoricizing of a personal testimony through the collective discourse of Holocaust historiography (in German and Nazi-Deutsch), and the juxtaposition of traditional and contemporary linguistic usages (in Yiddish).
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Schoofs, Kim, and Dorien Van De Mieroop. "Epistemic competitions over Jewish Holocaust survivors’ stories in interviews." Discourse & Society, March 23, 2021, 095792652199214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926521992148.
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In this article, we scrutinise epistemic competitions in interviews about World War II. In particular, we analyse how the interlocutors draw on their epistemic authority concerning WWII to construct their interactional telling rights. On the one hand, the analyses illustrate how the interviewers rely on their historical expert status – as evidenced through their specialist knowledge and ventriloquisation of vicarious WWII narratives – in order to topicalise certain master narratives and thereby attempt to project particular identities upon the interviewees. On the other hand, the interviewees derive their epistemic authority from their first-hand experience as Jewish Holocaust survivors, on which they draw in order to counter these story projections, whilst constructing a more distinct self-positioning to protect their nuanced personal identity work. Overall, these epistemic competitions not only shaped the interviewees’ identity work, but they also made the link between storytelling and the social context more tangible as they brought – typically rather elusive – master narratives to the surface.
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Teshuva, Karen, Allan Borowski, and Yvonne Wells. "Holocaust survivors’ perspectives on using community aged care and support services." Ageing and Society, September 25, 2019, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x1900093x.
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AbstractThe extant literature on Jewish Holocaust survivors’ experiences of receiving aged care services typically focuses on the risk that formal care settings may reactivate traumatic memories. Absent from previous research have been the viewpoints of older survivors themselves regarding their aged care experiences. An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to investigate Jewish Holocaust survivors’ lived experience of using community aged care services. Thirteen in-depth interviews were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis. The credibility of the findings was ensured by methodological triangulation and peer debriefing. Four major themes emerged from the analysis: wanting carers to do their job well; being supported to maintain autonomy; having a good relationship with the carer; and being understood as an individual. Although Holocaust survivors described the lived experience of using community aged care services in terms of universal themes similar to those identified with other groups of care recipients, the data revealed that this experience is intertwined with individual earlier-life traumatic experiences. This study has implications for training age care staff who work with Holocaust survivors and older trauma survivors from other refugee backgrounds.
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Gerber, Jean. "Opening The Door: Immigration and Integration of Holocaust Survivors in Vancouver, 1947-1970." Canadian Jewish Studies / Études juives canadiennes, January 1, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1916-0925.19812.
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Holocaust survivors who came to Canada have been characterized as alienated from Canadian Jewish life. Often, however, no objective study has been conducted of how survivors interacted with the economic, social and cultural life of their host communities in order to substantiate this claim. This paper studies survivors’ residential and occupational patterns after coming to Vancouver, and examines their affiliations with community organizations. It combines objective data with oral interviews to demonstrate how survivors integrated into the Vancouver host Jewish community and whether or not they remained alienated from it.