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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Holm oak ecosystem

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Academic literature on the topic 'Holm oak ecosystem'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Holm oak ecosystem"

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Mora-Sala, Beatriz, Mónica Berbegal, and Paloma Abad-Campos. "The Use of qPCR Reveals a High Frequency of Phytophthora quercina in Two Spanish Holm Oak Areas." Forests 9, no. 11 (November 10, 2018): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9110697.

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The struggling Spanish holm oak woodland situation associated with Phytophthora root rot has been studied for a long time. Phytophthora cinnamomi is considered the main, but not the only species responsible for the decline scenario. This study verifies the presence and/or detection of Phytophthora species in two holm oak areas of Spain (southwestern “dehesas” and northeastern woodland) using different isolation and detection approaches. Direct isolation and baiting methods in declining and non-declining holm oak trees revealed Phytophthora cambivora, Phytophthora cinnamomi, Phytophthora gonapodyides, Phytophthora megasperma, and Phytophthora pseudocryptogea in the dehesas, while in the northeastern woodland, no Phytophthora spp. were recovered. Statistical analyses indicated that there was not a significant relationship between the Phytophthora spp. isolation frequency and the disease expression of the holm oak stands in the dehesas. Phytophthora quercina and P. cinnamomi TaqMan real-time PCR probes showed that both P. cinnamomi and P. quercina are involved in the holm oak decline in Spain, but P. quercina was detected in a higher frequency than P. cinnamomi in both studied areas. Thus, this study demonstrates that molecular approaches complement direct isolation techniques in natural and seminatural ecosystem surveys to determine the presence and distribution of Phytophthora spp. This is the first report of P. pseudocryptogea in Europe and its role in the holm oak decline should be further studied.

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Ibañez, Mercedes, María José Leiva, Cristina Chocarro, Salvador Aljazairi, Àngela Ribas, and Maria-Teresa Sebastià. "Tree—Open Grassland Structure and Composition Drive Greenhouse Gas Exchange in Holm Oak Meadows of the Iberian Peninsula." Agronomy 11, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010050.

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Iberian holm oak meadows are savannah-like ecosystems that result from traditional silvo-pastoral practices. However, such traditional uses are declining, driving changes in the typical tree—open grassland structure of these systems. Yet, there are no studies integrating the whole ecosystem—including the arboreal and the herbaceous layer—as drivers of greenhouse gas (GHG: CO2, CH4 and N2O) dynamics. Here, we aimed at integrating the influence of tree canopies and interactions among plant functional types (PFT: grasses, forbs, and legumes) of the herbaceous layer as GHG exchange drivers. For that purpose, we performed chamber-based GHG surveys in plots dominated by representative canopy types of Iberian holm oak meadows, including Quercus species and Pinus pinea stands, the last a common tree plantation replacing traditional stands, and unraveled GHG drivers through a diversity-interaction model approach. Our results show the tree–open grassland structure, especially drove CO2 and N2O fluxes, with higher emissions under the canopy than in the open grassland. Emissions under P. pinea canopies are higher than those under Quercus species. In addition, the inclusion of diversity and compositional terms of the herbaceous layer improve the explained variability, with legumes enhancing CO2 uptake and N2O emissions. Changes in the tree cover and tree species composition, in combination with changes in the structure and composition of the herbaceous layer, will imply deep changes in the GHG exchange of Iberian holm oak meadows. These results may provide some guidelines to perform better management strategies of this vast but vulnerable ecosystem.

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Ogaya, Romà, and Josep Peñuelas. "Climate Change Effects in a Mediterranean Forest Following 21 Consecutive Years of Experimental Drought." Forests 12, no. 3 (March 6, 2021): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12030306.

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Research Highlights: A small, long-term decrease in the water availability in a Mediterranean holm oak forest elicited strong effects on tree stem growth, mortality, and species composition, which led to changes in the ecosystem function and service provision. Background and Objectives: Many forest ecosystems are increasingly challenged by stress conditions under climate change. These new environmental constraints may drive changes in species distribution and ecosystem function. Materials and Methods: An evergreen Mediterranean holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) forest was subjected to 21 consecutive years of experimental drought (performing 30% of rainfall exclusion resulted in a 15% decrease in soil moisture). The effects of the annual climatic conditions and the experimental drought on a tree and shrub basal area increment were studied, with a focus on the two most dominant species (Q. ilex and the tall shrub Phillyrea latifolia L.). Results: Stem growth decreased and tree mortality increased under the experimental drought conditions and in hot and dry years. These effects differed between the two dominant species: the basal area of Q. ilex (the current, supradominant species) was dependent on water availability and climatic conditions, whereas P. latifolia was more tolerant to drought and experienced increased growth rates in plots where Q. ilex decay rates were high. Conclusions: Our findings reveal that small changes in water availability drive changes in species growth, composition, and distribution, as demonstrated by the continuous and ongoing replacement of the current supradominant Q. ilex by the subdominant P. latifolia, which is better adapted to tolerate hot and dry environments. The consequences of these ecological transformations for ecosystem function and service provision to human society are discussed.

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Campos, Álvarez, Oviedo, Ovando, Mesa, and Caparrós. "Income and Ecosystem Service Comparisons of Refined National and Agroforestry Accounting Frameworks: Application to Holm Oak Open Woodlands in Andalusia, Spain." Forests 11, no. 2 (February 7, 2020): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11020185.

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There is growing consensus regarding the implementation of a new statistical framework for environmental-economic accounting to improve ecosystem related policies. As the standard System of National Accounts (SNA) fails to measure the economic contribution of ecosystems to the total income of individuals, governments recognize the need to expand the standard SNA through the ongoing System of Environmental Economic Accounting (SEEA). Based on the authors’ own data, this study focuses on linking 15 economic activities and 12 ecosystem services for a holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) open woodlands (HOW) ecosystem type in Andalusia, Spain. We emphasize that overcoming the challenges of multiple use is preferable to measuring single ecosystem products for improving habitat conservation policies. The objectives of this paper are to measure and compare the environmental assets, ecosystem services, and incomes at basic and social prices by applying a refined version of the standard System of National Accounts (rSNA) and the authors’ Agroforestry Accounting System (AAS), respectively, to HOW. Considering intermediate products and consumptions of HOW farmer and government activities, we find that the rSNA ecosystem services and environmental incomes at basic prices are 123.3 €/ha and −28.0 €/ha, respectively, while those of the AAS at social prices are 442.2 €/ha and 250.8 €/ha. Given advances in non-market valuation techniques, we show that an expanded definition of economic activities can be applied to measure the contribution to total income of managed natural areas taking into account the multiple uses of the ecosystem type. However, HOW sustainability continues to be a challenging issue that requires ecological threshold indicators to be identified, not only because of the economic implications but also because they provide vital information on which to base policy implementation.

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Fernández Ruiz, Abel, David Rodríguez de la Cruz, José Luis Vicente Villardón, Sergio Sánchez Durán, Prudencio García Jiménez, and José Sánchez Sánchez. "Considerations on Field Methodology for Macrofungi Studies in Fragmented Forests of Mediterranean Agricultural Landscapes." Agronomy 12, no. 2 (February 20, 2022): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020528.

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The methodology used for the determination of macrofungal diversity in Mediterranean areas differs in the time of sampling and the number of years displayed, making it difficult to compare results. Furthermore, the results could be refuted because the studies are being conducted over an insufficient number of years or without considering the variation of the meteorological conditions from one year to the next and its effects on fruiting time, which might not fit the sampling. In order to optimize field work on fungal fruiting in Mediterranean environments dominated by holm oak (Quercus ilex L.), a weekly field analysis of macrofungal diversity from February 2009 to June 2013 was carried out in a Mediterranean holm oak forest in the middle-west of the Iberian Peninsula. The results revealed that fruiting bodies appeared throughout the year and that there was a delay in autumn fruiting, overlapping with spring. All this seems to indicate that weekly collection throughout the year and for a period of two years could be sufficient to estimate the macrofungal biodiversity of this ecosystem.

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Campos, Pablo, Alejandro Álvarez, José L. Oviedo, Paola Ovando, Bruno Mesa, and Alejandro Caparrós. "Refined Systems of National Accounts and Experimental Ecosystem Accounting Versus the Simplified Agroforestry Accounting System: Testing in Andalusian Holm Oak Open Woodlands." Forests 11, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040393.

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The scientific debate over how to make visible the connections between the standard System of National Accounts (SNA) and its ongoing satellite Environmental Economic Ecosystem Accounting–Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA–EEA) is a challenge that is still pending. The literature on environmental accounting of agroforestry and silvopastoral landscapes rarely values the multiple ecosystem services of an area, an economic unit (e.g., farm), or a vegetation type (e.g., holm oak—Quercus ilex L.—open woodland). Generally, the literature presents the market value of the products consumed directly or a correction of the latter that reduces their exchange values in order to approximate them to their resource rents. In our previous publications, we have applied and compared our Agroforestry Accounting System (AAS) with the System of National Accounts (SNA), and we refined the latter to avoid the lag between income generation and its accounting in the period in which the product is extracted. These previous publications did not develop experimental applications of the SEEA–EEA with comparisons to the SNA and it being integrated into the AAS. The main novelty of this article is that, for the first time, we present detailed applications and comparisons of our developments of the refined SEEA–EEA and refined SNA with a simplified version of the AAS. The accounting frameworks applied take the production and capital accounts in the process of being updated by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) at the scale of the holm oak open woodlands of Andalusia into account. In this study, we compare three environmental accounting approaches for ecosystem services and environmental income measurements at basic and social prices: our slightly refined standard System of National Accounts (rSNA); our refined, updated and ongoing satellite System of Environmental Economic Accounting–Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (rSEEA–EEA); and our simplified Agroforestry Accounting System (sAAS). We tested them for 15 economic activities in 1408 thousand hectares of the predominantly mixed holm oak open woodland (HOW) land use tiles in the region of Andalusia, Spain. We considered the government institutional sector to be the collective owner of public economic activities, which we incorporated in the rSNA and the sAAS approaches. We discuss consistencies in environmental incomes identified from the results of the three ecosystem accounting frameworks applied to the HOW. The discrepancies in the measurement of ecosystem services of the government institutional sector between the rSEEA–EEA and the sAAS were due to the omission in the former of the government manufactured costs incurred in the supply of freely consumed public final products. The most notable finding of our comparison is that the ecosystem services and the environmental income results for individual market products offered the same values, whichever the ecosystem accounting framework applied. This was not the case with the ecosystem services of public products without market prices, due to the fact that the rSNA estimates these products at production cost and the rSEEA–EEA did not consider the government manufactured production costs and ordinary manufactured net operating margin of government final public product consumption. We also found that, according to modeling of the scheduled management of future biological resources of the HOW, the environmental income shows biological sustainability of the individual nature-based total product consumption.

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Reichstein, M., J. D. Tenhunen, O. Roupsard, J. M. Ourcival, S. Rambal, S. Dore, and R. Valentini. "Ecosystem respiration in two Mediterranean evergreen Holm Oak forests: drought effects and decomposition dynamics." Functional Ecology 16, no. 1 (February 2002): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0269-8463.2001.00597.x.

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Sardans, Jordi, Ifigenia Urbina, Oriol Grau, Dolores Asensio, Romà Ogaya, and Josep Peñuelas. "Long-term drought decreases ecosystem C and nutrient storage in a Mediterranean holm oak forest." Environmental and Experimental Botany 177 (September 2020): 104135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104135.

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Naziha, Melouani, and Kadik Leila. "Ecosystem dynamics after forest fire. Blideen Atlas case." Territorium, no. 29(I) (December 17, 2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_29-1_6.

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Human disturbances affect the majority of terrestrial ecosystems. The radical changes in the behaviour of ecological systems, partial or total destruction of plant biomass, often with the death of fundamental entities. Of these disturbances, fires affect many terrestrial ecosystems, particularly forests, by changing their floristic composition, their structure and their functioning; the global average annual forest area burned is estimated at 65 million ha. The Mediterranean basin, a hotspot, annually loses between 0.5 and 1 million hectares of forest. In Algeria, the annual average of areas destroyed by fire is between 45,000 and 50,000 ha. Our work set out to study the changes in the plant coverage of the land one year after the passage of fire. We studied the effects at the floristic, ecological and dynamic level in a forest ecosystem located in the north of Algeria (Atlas Blideen). The phytoecological inventory of vegetation (74 surveys, 162 species) was carried out from subjective sampling. To highlight the different groupings in the study area, classical statistical treatments (factorial analysis of correspondences) were applied to the floristic and ecological data. The results of computer processing made it possible to individualize and classify four plant groups according to the degree of the fire. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of these groups shows a therophytization of the flora, due to the regression of the forest cover (disappearance of the phanerophytes) caused by the passage of fire, with a floral procession represented mainly by Asteraceae, Poaceae and Fabaceae and an index disturbance which greatly exceeds 50%. However, some tree and shrub taxa such as cork oak, holm oak and Pistacia lentiscus tree have the capacity to reappear by rejecting the calcined stumps.

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Adamo, Irene, Svetlana Dashevskaya, and Josu G. Alday. "Fungal Perspective of Pine and Oak Colonization in Mediterranean Degraded Ecosystems." Forests 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2022): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13010088.

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Forest restoration has become one of the most important challenges for restoration ecology in the recent years. In this regard, soil fungi are fundamental drivers of forest ecosystem processes, with significant implications for plant growth and survival. However, the post-disturbance recovery of belowground communities has been rarely assessed, especially in highly degraded systems such as mines. Our aim was to compare forests and mined systems for biomass and structure of fungal communities in soil during early stages of tree establishment after disturbance. We performed ergosterol analysis and PacBio and Illumina sequencing of internal transcribed spacer 2 amplicons across soil layers in P. sylvestris, Q. robur and Q. ilex (holm oak) forests and naturally revegetated mined sites. In pine forests, total fungal biomass was significantly higher in litter and humus compared to mineral layers, with dominance of the mycorrhizal genera Tomentella, Inocybe and Tricholoma. Conversely, in oak forests the most abundant mycorrhizal genera were Tomentella, Cortinarius and Sebacina, but the biomass of saprotrophic fungi was greater in the litter layer compared to mycorrhizal fungi, with the genus Preussia being the most abundant. In the revegetated mined sites, ectomycorrhizal fungi dominated in the humus and mineral layers, with the mycorrhizal genus Oidiodendron being dominant. In contrast, in holm oak forests saprotrophic fungi dominated both soil humus and mineral layers, with the genera of Alternaria, Bovista and Mycena dominating the soil humus forest layer, while the genus Cadophora dominated the mineral layer. The habitat-specific differences in soil fungal community composition and putative functions suggest that an understanding of soil–plant–microbial interactions for different tree species and use of specific soil/litter inoculum upon planting/seeding might help to increase the effectiveness of tree restoration strategies in Mediterranean degraded sites.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Holm oak ecosystem"

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MAGNO, RAMONA. "Mediterranean ecosystems response to climate variability: carbon sink of two similar Holm oak forests." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/478066.

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Books on the topic "Holm oak ecosystem"

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F, Romane, and Terradas Jaime, eds. Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: Function, dynamics, and management. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

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Romane, F., and J. Terradas. Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: Function, dynamics and management. Springer, 2014.

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Quercus Ilex L. Ecosystems: Function, Dynamics and Management. Springer, 2010.

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Romane, F., and J. Terradas. Quercus Ilex L. Ecosystems: Function, Dynamics and Management. Springer, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Holm oak ecosystem"

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Bellon, S., and G. Guérin. "Old holm oak coppices … new sylvopastoral practices." In Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management, 307–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2836-2_33.

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Bonilla, D., and F. Rodà. "Soil nitrogen dynamics in a holm oak forest." In Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management, 247–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2836-2_26.

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Mayor, X., and F. Rodà. "Is primary production in holm oak forests nutrient limited?" In Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management, 209–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2836-2_22.

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Elena-Rossello, J. A., R. Lumaret, E. Cabrera, and H. Michaud. "Evidence for hybridization between sympatric holm-oak and cork-oak in Spain based on diagnostic enzyme markers." In Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management, 115–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2836-2_11.

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Michaud, H., R. Lumaret, and F. Romane. "Variation in the genetic structure and reproductive biology of holm oak populations." In Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management, 107–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2836-2_10.

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Bellot, J., J. R. Sánchez, M. J. Lledó, P. Martínez, and A. Escarré. "Litterfall as a measure of primary production in Mediterranean holm-oak forest." In Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management, 69–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2836-2_6.

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Retana, J., M. Riba, C. Castell, and J. M. Espelta. "Regeneration by sprouting of holm-oak (Quercus ilex) stands exploited by selection thinning." In Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management, 355–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2836-2_37.

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Floret, C., M. J. Galan, E. Le Floc’h, and F. Romane. "Dynamics of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) coppices after clearcutting in southern France." In Quercus ilex L. ecosystems: function, dynamics and management, 97–105. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2836-2_9.

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Serrasolsas, I., J. M. Alcañiz, X. Arias, R. Josa, A. Sole, and V. R. Vallejo. "The Effects of Burning and Clearcutting in Forest Floor Layers of Holm Oak Forest." In Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes, 841–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7_187.

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Victoria, Diego, and Rodà Ferran. "Litterfall Responses to Increased availability of Water, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in a Holm oak Forest." In Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes, 673–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7_110.

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Conference papers on the topic "Holm oak ecosystem"

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Alia, Zerrouki, Kara Karima, Redjaimia Lilia, and Rached-Kanouni Malika. "TREE SPECIES DIVERSITY AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HOLM OAK STANDS IN CHETTABA FOREST (ALGERIA)." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/28.

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The forest of Chettaba is for ecotourism. Managed by the Forest Conservation of Constantine, this site is formed of several forestry species (hardwood and softwood) spread over an area of 3010 ha. The objective of this study is to estimate the viability of this site through the permanent monitoring of the current state of the forest including biodiversity and pressures. The collection of data related to it had recourse to a forest inventory and an inventory of pressures. The condition was assessed by analyzing these components. The various analyses conducted during this study revealed that the forest is subject to biotic and abiotic pressures and average viability. This is induced by a fairly good stand quality (PHF= 333), medium stability (S= 44.45), low mortality (MR = 4.16%) and good future potential (high regeneration rate (RR =231.25%). Grazing, fire and illegal logging are the most important pressures. Despite these pressures, the forest is classified as a viable ecosystem. However, these potentials are insufficient: it is necessary to reduce the pressures and reforest the degraded plots for better conservation of the ecosystem. To this end, the present study suggests management primarily through silvicultural interventions that promote the regeneration of the various species and to include a permanent ecological monitoring system.

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Gómez-Giraldez, Pedro, María Dolores Carbonero, Elisabet Carpintero, and María Pat González-Dugo. "Estimation of holm oak flowering intensity in dehesa farms using high-resolution aerial images." In Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XXIII, edited by Christopher M. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2601186.

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