Journal articles: 'Hollow yarns'

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Mukhopadhyay, Arunangshu, Saiyed Muzffar Ishtiaque, and Devanand Uttam. "Impact of Structural Variations on Pre-Hollow/Micro-Porous Yarn's Tensile and Physical Properties." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 7, no. 1 (March 2012): 155892501200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501200700107.

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In the present study impact of structural variations on pre-hollow/micro-porous yarn's tensile and physical properties were investigated in view of their processing and ultimate product quality. The results show that: the core pre-hollow yarns and doubled pre-hollow yarns possessing continuous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) filaments are better in tensile behavior than blended pre-hollow yarns which contain discrete PVA staple fibers. The doubled pre-hollow yarns were found to have the lowest unevenness, thick places, thin places and total imperfections followed by blended pre-hollow and core pre-hollow yarns, while blended pre-hollow yarns showed lowest number of neps. The core pre-hollow yarns exhibit lowest hairiness followed by blended pre-hollow yarns and doubled pre-hollow yarns. Use of double roving during spinning is beneficial for improving yarn strength, unevenness imperfections and hairiness in all the pre-hollow yarns.

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Chen, Weiwang, Ming Fu, and Wenguo Weng. "Electrospinning of continuous nanofiber hollow yarns for thermal storage and insulation by a multi-step twisting method." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 9-10 (November 5, 2019): 1045–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519886023.

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In this study, phase change nanofiber hollow yarns were designed. The hollow yarn structure is proposed due to its ability to provide insulation for fabrics, while the phase change material is added due to its capacity to store thermal energy. These yarns are developed by utilizing the classical covering–dissolving strategy, which uses a modified multi-step twisting method. The effects of twisting and winding speed on the yarn morphology, structure, mechanical and heat storage properties are discussed. It is observed that the ultrafine fibers for yarn fabrication are about 100–400 nm in diameter. Their yarn products then undergo obvious shape deformation in the process of hollowing, resulting in a nanofiber hollow yarn with yarn diameter of around 250 µm. To obtain target yarns with desirable structure and strength, the recommended twisting and winding speed should be within 200–260 rpm and 1.2–1.6 rpm, respectively. Their tensile strength and elongation at break under these conditions are tested to be about 30–40 MPa and 20%, respectively, which is acceptable for further weaving. As for the heat storage capacity, it is somewhat weakened but still considerable (20–30 kJ·kg–1) within the temperature range of 30–40℃. By coupling air and phase change materials together, the resultant nanofiber hollow yarns and their fabric products proved to have better heat storage and insulation performance, and may have broad prospects for thermal regulation.

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Oğlakcioğlu, Nida, Ahmet Çay, Arzu Marmarali, and Emel Mert. "Characteristics of Knitted Structures Produced by Engineered Polyester Yarns and Their Blends in Terms of Thermal Comfort." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 10, no. 1 (March 2015): 155892501501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501501000104.

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Engineered yarns are used to provide better clothing comfort for summer garments because of their high levels of moisture and water vapor management. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of knitted structures that were produced using different types of polyester yarns in order to achieve better thermal comfort properties for summer clothing. However they are relatively expensive. Therefore, in this study engineered polyester yarns were combined with cotton and lyocell yarns by plying. This way, the pronounced characteristics of these yarns were added to the knitted structure as well. Channeled polyester, hollow polyester, channeled/hollow blended polyester, cotton, and lyocell yarns were plied with each other and themselves. Then, single jersey structures were knitted using these ply yarn combinations and air permeability, thermal resistance, thermal absorptivity, water vapor permeability, moisture management, and drying properties were tested. The results indicate that channeled PES fabrics are advantageous for hot climates and high physical activities with regards to high permeability and moisture transfer and also to fast drying properties. Besides, air permeability and thermal properties improved through the combination of lyocell yarn with engineered polyester yarns. However, the use of lyocell or cotton with engineered yarns resulted in a to a decrease in moisture management properties and an increase in drying times

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Yongfu, Xu, Yi Zhang, and Gao Yuan yuan. "Preparation and fuzzy evaluation of wool hollow yarn." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 9-10 (October 23, 2019): 1149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519884586.

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Wool hollow yarn not only has the characteristics of being skin-friendly and warm, it also has good air and moisture permeability; thus, it has great development potential. Here, we first show that the water-soluble (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) fiber ratio in core-spun yarn should not exceed 30%; to ensure smooth spinning, a core yarn linear density of 3.4–5.6 tex was selected by theoretical analysis. Second, using rabbit hair fiber with tencel fiber, which has high tenacity, as an environmentally friendly blended outsourcing fiber, and water-soluble (PVA) fiber for the core yarn, we prepared five types of core-spun yarns. Water-soluble (PVA) fiber was removed in 20 min to prepare wool hollow yarn using room temperature water. Finally, properties of the wool hollow yarn produced, such as breaking strength, breaking elongation, evenness of CV (coefficient of variation) value, >3 mm hairiness index, and deviation from linear density after removing PVA, were tested and analyzed, and evaluated comprehensively by means of fuzzy mathematics. The results showed that the hairiness of wool hollow yarn was improved, the mechanical properties and evenness of sliver and hairiness were decreased, and the overall properties of hollow yarns with a core yarn content of 25% were the best.

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Chen, Junli, and Zhaoqun Du. "Structural design and performance characterization of stable helical auxetic yarns based on the hollow-spindle covering system." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 3-4 (July 17, 2019): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519862881.

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Helical auxetic yarns (HAYs) spun by ring spinning have a large residual torque, which restricts their application. To address this problem, the hollow-spindle covering system was adopted to prepare structurally stable HAYs consisting of the core yarn and the wrap yarn. Four types of HAYs were manufactured, and a self-designed automatic stretching device was prepared for recording the alteration of yarn diameter. These as-fabricated yarns were measured and characterized in terms of their deformation behavior and auxetic performance. The strain–stress curves of these HAYs have two peaks corresponding to their respective two component yarns during stretch until completely failure, and also it was found that the wrap component is always broken before the core yarn. By comparison, the maximum negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) of −2.55 was achieved with as-prepared HAYs composed of spandex and stainless steel monofilaments. Meanwhile, the structural stability of these yarns was discussed with respect to the residual torque, and the experimental results indicate that the residual torque of these HAYs is obviously smaller than that of conventional ring-spun yarns. These confirm the superiority of our proposed hollow-spindle method. Furthermore, the effects of the diameter of the core yarn and tensile modulus of the wrap yarn on the auxetic behavior were systematically investigated. It is found that a larger NPR can be obtained with a thicker diameter of core yarn and a higher tensile modulus of wrap yarn. It is also demonstrated that an appropriate combination of the component modulus and geometric parameters is essential to fabricate HAY with an obvious auxetic behavior.

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Feng, Pei, Pei Feng, Ronggen Zhang, Jiajia Gan, Chongchang Yang, and Chongchang Yang. "High Efficiency Covering Technology for Covered Yarns Production: Equipment and Experimente." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (June 30, 2017): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.1693.

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A new covering technology for producing covered yarns is proposed in this article. On a traditional yarn covering machine, a hollow spindle rotates with a bobbin of the outer wrapping yarn. In the new equipment, the turntable rotates with only one single outer wrapping yarn. With a magnetic device, the bobbin of core yarns is suspended in a balloon formed by outer wrapping yarns. The rotation speed of the turntable can reach 40000 rpm. A series of experiments on the new equipment were conducted and some covered yarn samples were obtained. The performance of these samples were tested and compared with that produced by traditional machines.

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Alshukur, Malek, and Daniil Yurchenko. "Experimental study on the spinning geometry of multi-thread fancy yarn on hollow-spindle spinning machines." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 31, no. 4 (August 5, 2019): 454–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-05-2017-0065.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to define the relationships between the structure of multi-thread fancy yarns and the combination of the rotational speed of the hollow-spindle spinning system and thickness and stiffness of the effect component. Design/methodology/approach To do so, two groups of fancy yarns were made using stiff and soft effect threads and at six different machine settings. Findings It was found that the stiff effect thread was suitable to make fancy yarns at low rotational speeds, while the thickness of the effect threads was more important than its stiffness at low number of wraps. Additionally, even when using the same number of wraps and the overfeed ratio, a bouclé yarn, a gimp yarn, a wavy yarn or a loop yarn may results if the thickness and stiffness of the effect thread and the rotational speed were all controlled properly. Originality/value This study helps fancy yarn spinners to determine the type of final fancy yarns by controlling the spinning geometry in the first spinning zone.

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Lin, Jia Horng, Zhi Cai Yu, Jian Fei Zhang, and Ching Wen Lou. "Manufacturing Techniques and Functional Properties of the Bamboo Charcoal/Antibacterial/Stainless Steel Metal Composite Woven Fabric." Advanced Materials Research 910 (March 2014): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.910.238.

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In this research, the B/A/S composite yarns were fabricated using the stainless steel wires as core yarn, antibacterial nylon and bamboo charcoal polyester filaments as inner wrapped yarn and outer wrapped yarn, respectively. The composite yarns with a wrapping number of 8, 11, 14 turns/cm were fabricated on a hollow spindle spinning machine. Furthermore, the composite fabrics were woven with the B/A/S composite yarns as weft yarns and the PET as the warp yarns. These fabrics were evaluated in terms of far infrared (FIR) emissivity and the air permeability. The presence of the bamboo charcoal was found to increase the FIR emissivity. The highest of the FIR emissivity was obtained when the weft yarns with a wrapping number of 11 turns/cm. The lamination numbers of the woven fabrics varied from 1-5 layers. The far infrared emissivity and air permeability of the woven fabrics was 0.94 and 268 cm3/cm2/s when the lamination numbers was 2 layers and the wrapping number was 11 turns/cm.

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Moučková, Eva, Iva Mertová, Petra Jirásková, Gabriela Krupincová, and Dana Křemenáková. "Properties Of Viscose Vortex Yarns Depending On Technological Parameters Of Spinning." Autex Research Journal 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2014-0046.

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AbstractThis paper analyzes the relationship between technological parameters of spinning of 100% CV Vortex yarns of different counts and its selected geometrical parameters (a lead of helix of wrapping fibre ribbon, yarn diameter) as well as yarn properties. The number of twist of wrapping fibre layer is determined. The effect of the yarn delivery speed, hollow spindle diameter, and the main draft on the hairiness, mass irregularity, tenacity, elongation, resistance to abrasion and bending rigidity of Vortex yarn is observed. The yarn properties are compared with the properties of open-end rotor spun yarns. Slivers of the same spinning lot were used for the production of both kinds of yarn. The results showed that the delivery speed in combination with spindle diameter affects yarn diameter, hairiness and abrasion resistance. Mass irregularity and imperfections of yarn is mainly affected by the main draft of drafting unit. Technological parameters of spinning do not affect the level of bending rigidity of the Vortex yarn. Tested rotor spun yarns had a larger diameter, higher hairiness, lower tenacity and higher elongation, lower mass irregularity and number of imperfections, higher abrasion resistance and lower bending rigidity compared to tested Vortex spun yarns.

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Alshukur, Malek, and Alex Fotheringham. "Study of maximum tensile strength of fancy yarns using the design of experiments." Mechanics & Industry 20, no. 4 (2019): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2019033.

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This study was conducted to identify the factors and the interactions which affect the maximum load of multi-thread fancy yarns. The objectives of this research was to identify the relative contribution of each factor and interaction leading to the maximisation of the tensile strength. The fancy yarns were made on a hollow-spindle spinning machine. The experimental design of this study had seven factors – with two levels each and was repeated five times. It was found that using two single yarns, instead of a similar two-ply yarn, for the core component increased the value of maximum load. The effect component contributed positively to the load only when it was a three-ply cotton yarn rather than a three-ply bamboo yarn since the former had interactions with the core and the binder. Excessive wraps reduced the maximum load. The effect of the overfeed ratio on the maximum load was weak. The manufacturing process in general had low levels of variability. This research is important because it contributes to a broader understanding to the effect of seven factors on the structure, quality, and mechanical properties of multi-thread fancy yarn.

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Alshukur, Malek, and Daniil Yurchenko. "Experimental study on the spinning geometry of multi-thread fancy yarn on hollow-spindle spinning machines." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 30, no. 4 (August 6, 2018): 496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-05-2017-0064.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to define the relationships between the first spinning zone of the hollow-spindle spinning system and technological parameters of manufacturing multi-thread fancy yarn. Design/methodology/approach A simple mathematical equation was introduced to account for the effect-thread helices. The validity of this equation was tested using visual observations of the helices of the effect thread in terms of their number, width and regularity and then compared against the theoretical values. Findings It was found that higher overfeed ratios increased the diameter of the helices without affecting their number, while increasing the rotational speed increased their number but reduced their diameter. The effect of these changes on the fancy yarns was that higher number of helices resulted in more fancy profiles while wider helices resulted in larger fancy profiles. Originality/value This research offers fancy yarn manufacturers a better understanding of the manufacturing process of fancy yarn and its practical advantage is to help them in determining the type of the resultant fancy yarns by controlling the geometry of the first spinning zone.

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Lu, Wen, Ian D. Norris, and Benjamin R. Mattes. "Electrochemical Actuator Devices Based on Polyaniline Yarns and Ionic Liquid Electrolytes." Australian Journal of Chemistry 58, no. 4 (2005): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch04255.

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We report the development of conducting polymer electrochemical linear actuators from ionic liquids (as electrolytes) and polyaniline yarns and hollow fibres (as electrode materials). With a yarn-in-fibre configuration, these actuators were simple to fabricate and allowed two-electrode operation without a reference electrode. Typical electromechanical actuation behavior of expansion, with force decrease, and contraction, with force increase, during charge injection and removal has been realized for these actuators. Stress generation of these actuators was 0.42–0.85 MPa, which exceeds that of skeletal muscle (0.1–0.5 MPa). Practical application of these actuators has been successfully demonstrated by using the electrochemical actuation of a yarn-in-fibre actuator to drive a cantilever object. Importantly, this yarn-in-fibre configuration would allow the combination of an appropriate number of yarns as the actuation electrode to accomplish the mechanical task, depending on the weight of the object.

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Inoue, H., and I. Kawaguchi. "Study on the Grinding Mechanism of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 112, no. 3 (July 1, 1990): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2903335.

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In order to clarify the grinding mechanism of polymer matrix composites, special test specimens were provided. The test specimen is such one that glass yarns are unidirectionally embedded at even interval on the middle plane of thick of a polymer matrix plate. The end face perpendicular to the plane on which glass yarns are lined up is ground in the direction at various angle from the direction of glass yarn. The aspects of the cut end of the glass yarn near the ground surface are observed microscopically, and relations between the angle of the direction of yarn and the topography of the ground surface are investigated. Following results are obtained. (1) The microscopically observed aspects of failure of the end of yarns near the ground surfaces are classified into two modes by the direction of yarn measured counterclockwise from the direction of grinding. In the range from 0 rad. to π/3 rad. of the angle, the failure of the end of yarn is comparatively deep, and spreads over the whole section of the yarn. In the range from π/2 rad. to π rad. of the angle, the failure of the end of the yarn is comparatively shallow, and random in the depth and the spread. (2) The topography is also classified into two types by the above angle. In the range from 0 rad. to π/3 rad. of the angle, the end of yarn forms a hollow pit, and in the range from π/2 rad. to π rad., the end of yarn forms a swollen proturberance. (3) The above facts are well understood by considering the digging up action of the grinding grain in the range from 0 rad. to π/3 rad., and the push down action of the grain in the range from π/2 rad. to π rad. in the grinding process.

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Souza, Jefferson M., Sandra Sampaio, Welter C. Silva, Sidney G. de Lima, Andrea Zille, and Raul Fangueiro. "Characterization of functional single jersey knitted fabrics using non-conventional yarns for sportswear." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 3 (December 5, 2016): 275–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516677226.

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Eight functional single jersey plain knitted fabrics have been developed in order to assess a quantitative analysis of various comfort-related properties in terms of thermal control, air and water vapor permeability, wickability, coefficient of kinetic friction and antimicrobial efficiency, using eight different commercially available functional yarns: Polyester Craque® and viscose Craque® conventional yarns as controls; Finecool® and Coolmax® polyester yarns for moisture management and quick drying; Holofiber® polyester yarns containing an optical responsive material that the producer claims to improve body oxygenation; Airclo® polyester hollow yarns for efficient control of body temperature; and, finally, polyester Trevira® and viscose Seacell® for antimicrobial activity. According to the results, Coolmax® for moisture management, Airclo® for thermal control and Seacell® for antimicrobial activity present the best performances as technical textiles for sportswear for the respective specific functional property.

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Mole, K., and J. S. Knox. "The Properties and Uses of Specific Hollow-spindle Yarns." Journal of the Textile Institute 80, no. 3 (January 1989): 441–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405008908658297.

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Gurkan Unal, Pelin, and Mustafa Erdem Üreyen. "Permeability properties of single jersey fabrics made of hollow yarns." Journal of The Textile Institute 108, no. 11 (March 14, 2017): 1957–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2017.1302634.

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Xin Li, Jianghun Zhang, and Jiexin Li. "Differential-Twist Wrapped Yarns Made on a Hollow Spindle Spinning Machine." Textile Research Journal 72, no. 2 (February 2002): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051750207200217.

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Eschler, Eric, Julius Hüls, Swen Zaremba, and Klaus Drechsler. "Analysis of a Process Approach for Production of Triaxial Braids with Locally Customized Filler Yarn Count." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 360–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.360.

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In order to enhance lightweight potential and fabrication efficiency of structural parts from carbon fiber-reinforced plastics, the approach of locally tailored component properties has proven effective. For braided hollow profiles, however, technical possibilities to achieve process integrated adaption of a components’ mechanical properties are limited. Therefore, a novel braiding process approach for cycle-time-neutral adjustment of a triaxial braids filler yarn count is examined and its advantages for component design are illustrated. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the approaches applicability with regard to process stability and disturbance of product quality. Two consecutive test series are carried out to identify the most influential process variables and to link the variation of these variables with multiple criteria of process quality. A clear dependency between quality and braid angle, braid yarn tension as well as the number of filler yarns the approach is applied on is derived. On that basis a set of process variables for faultless application of the concept is pointed out.

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Chandrasekaran, V., P. Senthilkumar, and M. Senthilkumar. "Yarn Sample Preparation Techniques and Yarn Diameter Measurement for Analysing Cut-Cross Sectional View of Hollow Core Dref Spun Yarns." Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series E 95, no. 2 (October 25, 2014): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40034-014-0041-1.

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Rao, Liang Kui, Long Di Cheng, Yu Ling Li, and Wen Hong Fan. "Research on Sizing Performance of Akund Blended Yarns." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 3343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.3343.

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Akund fiber, as one kind of natural cellulosic fibers, is light, lustrous, biodegradable and environment-friendly. It has a hollow body and a seal tail, which are desirable features of candidates for functional textiles of this nature. The thin wall of lumen and the low crystallinity lead to the lower strength and elongation than cotton fibers. Individual akund fiber is cylindrical without convolution and curls. The outer surface of the fiber is smooth, causing poor inter-fiber cohesion. Therefore, akund blended yarns have some problems, such as the low strength, much hairness, poor abrasion resistance. All of these will cause difficulities for weaving. A series of sizing experiments of the blended yarns was carried out and the sizing properties was discussed in the paper to solve the problems

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Karthik, T., R. Murugan, and Pandurangan Senthilkumar. "Analysis of moisture management properties of cotton/milkweed blended rotor yarn fabrics." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 30, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 347–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-05-2017-0059.

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Purpose Clothing must also assist the body’s thermal control function under changing physical loads in such a way that the body’s thermal and moisture management is balanced, and a microclimate is created next to the skin. One of the factors which affect moisture transport in a fabric is a fibre type. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to blend the natural hollow and low density fibre, milkweed, with cotton fibre at different proportions and to analyse and compare the influence of milkweed blend proportion on moisture management properties of rotor yarn fabrics with 100 per cent cotton fabric. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, cotton/milkweed blended rotor yarns were produced by using S-4 cotton variety and milkweed fibres in three different blend proportions such as cotton/milkweed 80/20, 60/40 and 40/60 along with 100 per cent cotton yarn with yarn count of 20 Ne. The single jersey knitted fabrics were produced with similar constructional parameters and then the fabrics were then scoured, bleached and neutralised as per the standard procedure. The fabrics have been analysed for its various moisture management properties using moisture management tester (MMT) and are statistically analysed. Findings The results indicate that, all the C/M blended fabrics have been classified as “moisture management fabric” and 100 per cent cotton fabric has been classified as “Fast absorbing and Quick Drying Fabric”. The overall moisture management capacity of C/M 40/60 fabric is excellent and could be used for summer, active and summer wear applications. One-way ANOVA analysis carried out at 95 per cent confidence level showed that the results are statistically significant. The pair-wise strength and association between various moisture management indices was analysed using Pearson correlation coefficient and observed that OWTC and OMMC was found to be positively and linearly related to each other. Originality/value The authors are confident that the cotton/milkweed blended yarns can be used as an inner wear and sportswear applications owing to the higher moisture regain and hollowness of milkweed fibre combined with the low packing density of C/M blended yarns which leads to overall improvement in moisture management properties of fabrics.

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Baoyu, Zhu, and W. Oxenham. "Influence of Production Speed on the Characteristics of Hollow Spindle Fancy Yarns." Textile Research Journal 64, no. 7 (July 1994): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759406400703.

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Gao, Ling, Xiao Dan Sun, and Yan Hui Yang. "The Simulation of a Kind of X-Type Multi-Layer Fabric." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 4328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.4328.

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In this paper, we use a Spline curve and OpenGL construct a three-dimensional (3D) geometrical model, and get the surface appearance 3D simulation on a computer screen of X-type four hollow fabric in the end. It manifests the interlacing state of warp and weft yarns in fabric, thus proves the feasibility of Spline curved line in simulation and provides a practical method for surface simulation of multi-layer fabric in the future.

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Schwarz, A., L. Cuny, C. Hertleer, F. Ghekiere, I. Kazani, G. De Clercq, G. De Mey, and L. Van Langenhove. "Electrical circuit model of elastic and conductive yarns produced by hollow spindle spinning." Materials Technology 26, no. 3 (July 2011): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175355511x13007211258836.

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Kimura, Hirokazu, Mika Morishima, Takahiko Nishioka, Lina Wakako, and Yo-ichi Matsumoto. "Stretch Properties of Cotton Hollow Yarns Made by Hybrid Open-End Rotor Spinning Frame." Journal of Textile Engineering 55, no. 6 (2009): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4188/jte.55.187.

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Khoddami, Akbar, Soheil Bazanjani, and R. H. Gong. "Investigating the Effects of Different Repellent Agents on the Performance of Novel Polyester/Wool Blended Fabrics." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 10, no. 2 (June 2015): 155892501501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501501000216.

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The effects of fluorocarbon finishing of hollow and solid polyester/wool were studied in order to establish the processing behavior and performance characteristics of the treated fabrics. Polyester/wool blended fabrics before and after dyeing were treated with different fluorochemicals; their liquid repellency after washing and dry cleaning was evaluated. Fabric mechanical properties were compared by measuring tensile strength and low stress mechanical properties. The results indicate that the finishing agent formulation has a great effect on the fabrics repellent properties. Studying the fluorocarbon chain re-orientation during laundering and dry cleaning revealed that each fluorocarbon has different ability to retrieve its original configuration via air drying with subsequent necessity of hot pressing to reach acceptable repellency. Also, the effect of hollow fibers on fabric mechanical properties is practically insignificant. The low stress mechanical properties indicate only relatively small differences among the samples. However, finishing with all chemicals and methods resulted in higher friction between the fibers and yarns, and in increased bending and shear rigidity, and shear hysteresis.

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Aytaç, İlkem, and Pelin Gürkan Ünal. "The effect of core-sheath proportion on the characteristics of hollow yarns: part I mechanical properties." Journal of The Textile Institute 109, no. 7 (October 21, 2017): 967–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2017.1394156.

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Guise, Catarina, Margarida M. Fernandes, João M. Nóbrega, Sudhir Pathak, Walter Schneider, and Raul Fangueiro. "Hollow Polypropylene Yarns as a Biomimetic Brain Phantom for the Validation of High-Definition Fiber Tractography Imaging." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 8, no. 44 (October 25, 2016): 29960–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b09809.

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Lin, Jia Horng, Shih Peng Wen, Kwo Chang Ueng, Yueh Sheng Chen, and Ching Wen Lou. "Biodegradable Braided Coronary Stents: Effects of Cross-Linking Concentrations on Surface Structure and Compressive Strength." Applied Mechanics and Materials 749 (April 2015): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.749.445.

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This study proposes coronary stents in a manner of reticular tube, which are made by applying a braiding method. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) plied yarns are braided into hollow braids on a 16-spindle braid machine, followed by being cross-link treated to form the coronary stents. The surface observation and a compressive test are used to evaluate the resulting products. The test results show that cross-link treatment does not pertain to the reticular, tubular manner of the braids. However, a low cross-linking concentration results in a light shade and a greater compressive strength in the coronary stents. In addition, the acidification of the cross-linking solution affects the compressive modulus. The coronary stents presented by this study are proved to be biodegradable and have compressive strength and a reticular-and-tubular form.

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K. Omar, N., M. F. Yahya, M. R. Ahmad, and M. T. Ali. "Electromagnetic Shielding Analysis (EMS) of Hybrid Multilayered Woven Fabric at Different Transmitter Distance." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.14 (December 24, 2019): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27679.

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This paper mainly discusses on the effectiveness of multiple plain-woven fabric towards electromagnetic shielding (EMS). The measurement includes the effect of fabric distance from the transmitter antennas in the shielded enclosure test. The conductive fabric consists of copper cover hybrid yarns produced using hollow spindle spinning machine. The electromagnetic shielding test was performed according to IEEE-299 specification at 2000MHz. The range was selected to reflect mobile phones, wireless fidelity, Bluetooth and GPS transmission range frequencies. Four samples of conductive fabrics were used in the work, as 0°/0°, 90°/90°, 0°/90° and 90°/0, respectively. The fabric sample with 0°/90° alignment was found to give the best electromagnetic shielding at -65.79dBM. The initial results also show that the hybrid conductive fabrics have large potential to be utilized for shielding electromagnetic radiation (EMR).

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Kim, Seung-Jin, Kyung-Soon Park, and Jin-Hwang Jo. "A Study on The Physical Properties of Sheath/Core Type Nylon/PET High Hollow Composite Yarns and its Fabrics." Textile Coloration and Finishing 21, no. 4 (August 27, 2009): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5764/tcf.2009.21.4.001.

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Ronco, Claudio, Alessandra Brendolan, Carlo Crepaldi, Mariapia Rodighiero, and Marco Scabardi. "Blood and Dialysate Flow Distributions in Hollow-Fiber Hemodialyzers Analyzed by Computerized Helical Scanning Technique." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 13, suppl 1 (January 2002): S53—S61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v13suppl_1s53.

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ABSTRACT. The efficiency of a hemodialyzer is largely dependent on its ability to facilitate diffusion between blood and dialysis solution. The diffusion process can be impaired if there is a mismatch between blood and dialysate flow distribution in the dialyzer. This article describes the distribution of the blood and dialysate flows in hollow-fiber hemodialyzers analyzed with a computerized scanning technique. Blood flow distribution was studied in vitro by dye injection in the blood compartment during experimental extracorporeal circulation using human blood with hematocrit (Hct) adjusted at 25 and 40%. Sequential images were obtained with a helical scanner in a 1-cm-thick fixed longitudinal section of the dialyzer. Average and regional blood flow velocity and wall shear rates were measured by using the reconstructed imaging sequence. The method allowed the calculation of single-fiber blood flow and single-fiber wall shear rate (SF wSh) in different regions of the hemodialyzer. In 38 patients on chronic hemodialysis, creatinine and phosphate clearance displayed a significantly negative correlation with Hct (P < 0.05), but this correlation was not found for urea, although a trend toward reduction could be observed. The suggested explanation of this phenomenon is the significant reduction in effective plasma water flow across the hemodialyzer in presence of a progressive rise in Hct. The second explanation for this phenomenon may be found in the nonhomogeneous distribution of blood flow within the fibers observed at the sequential imaging. This, in fact, could also explain the negative trend observed for urea. At higher Hct levels, single-fiber blood flow velocity and SF wSh were significantly lower in the fibers situated at the periphery of the bundle. At the same time, SF wSh tended to decrease in peripheral fibers, showing a value near half of that observed in the central fibers of the bundle (165 versus 301 s−1). A similar technique was used to study the flow distribution in the dialysate compartment in three different types of hemodialyzers with characteristic dialysate compartment design: (A) standard configuration; (B) space yarns (spacing filaments preventing contact between fibers); and (C) Moiré structure (wave-shaped fibers to prevent contact between adjacent fibers). Clinical sessions of hemodialysis were also carried out to measure blood- and dialysate-side urea clearances in the different hemodialyzers. Macroscopic and densitometric analysis revealed that flow distribution was most homogeneous in the dialyzer with Moiré structure (type C) and least homogeneous in the standard dialyzer (type A). Space yarns (type B) gave an intermediate dialysate flow distribution. Urea clearance (P < 0.001) increased significantly with types B and C, compared with the standard dialyzer. Type C had the highest clearances, although they were not significantly greater than type B. In conclusion, a significant blood-to-dialysate flow mismatch may occur in hollow-fiber hemodialyzers due to either uneven blood flow distribution or a dialysate channeling phenomenon external to the fiber bundle. Improvement in dialyzer design may overcome these problems, at least in part.

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Kim, Hyun Ah, Young Soo Kim, and Seung Jin Kim. "Effect of Porosity Characteristics of Hollow Composite Yarns to the Comfort Property of the Fabrics for the High Emotional Garment." Textile Coloration and Finishing 26, no. 3 (September 27, 2014): 218–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5764/tcf.2014.26.3.218.

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Gurarslan, Alper, and Muhammed Erkam Narinç. "Investigating the rose oil and toluene absorption of populus fiber." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 10 (June 20, 2018): 1952–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518783338.

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The genus populus provides creamy white, lustrous, lightweight fibers that grow on seeds. Since populus fibers obtained from populus nigra italica are too short (0.25–0.42 cm) to be spun into yarns, populus fibers were spray coated with dimethylacetamide/Spandex solution in order to form non-woven structures. In this study, the oil absorption capacity of non-woven populus fiber pads was investigated and compared to non-woven long cotton fiber and non-woven short cotton fiber pads. The hollow structure and the oleophilic properties of populus fibers make them promising and sustainable oil absorbent candidates. The average short-term rose oil absorption capacity of non-woven populus fiber pads is 32.96798 g/g, while the long-term rose oil absorption capacity of non-woven populus fiber pads is 34.52854 g/g. Furthermore, the toluene absorption capacity of non-woven populus fiber pads is on average 23.16986 g/g for the short-term test and 24.01588 g/g for the long-term test. Moreover, non-woven populus fiber pads preserve 81.75% of rose oil even after remaining in water for 45 minutes.

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Aytaç, İlkem, and Pelin Gürkan Ünal. "The effect of core-sheath proportion on the characteristics of fabrics produced with hollow yarns: part II comfort and mechanical properties." Journal of The Textile Institute 109, no. 7 (October 26, 2017): 975–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2017.1394783.

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Zhu, Chunhong, Jian Shi, Kasumi Hayashi, Hideaki Morikawa, Akio Sakaguchi, and Qingqing Ni. "Effect of design parameters on the cushioning property of cellular fabric composites." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 18 (December 19, 2018): 3692–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518819837.

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In this study, a new design method for a three-dimensional hollow structure woven fabric was proposed and the effect of cellular size on the cushioning property of the fabric-reinforced polyurethane elastomer composite was investigated. The fabric structure was analyzed from a cross-section view and the theoretical equations for the warp and weft yarns were proposed, using the fabric layer and cellular size as parameters. Nine kinds of fabrics with different layers and cellular size were fabricated with a Jacquard loom and reinforced with polyurethane elastomer to yield fabric composites. Then the effect of cellular size on the cushioning property of the fabric composites was discussed. The results showed that upon increasing the cellular size, the cellular fabric composite exhibited lower compression resistance. Moreover, the stress at a strain of 65% and the energy absorbed in the loading process were increased with decreasing cellular size. Moreover, the compression resilience was also changed with the cellular size. It can be concluded that the cellular size had an important effect on the cushioning property of the fabric composite, which can be considered as a design parameter for cushion material based on its usages.

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Yan, Linlin, Zhuanyong Zou, Longdi Cheng, Guo Wei, and Peijun Tang. "Numerical simulation of flow field in the twisting chamber of Murata vortex spinning based on the hollow spindle with different structures." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 4 (January 18, 2018): 645–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517753637.

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The novel hollow spindle with spiral guide grooves is introduced into the manufacture of Murata vortex spun yarn for the sake of enhancing the vortex yarn’s strength. By means of numerical simulation, the airflow characteristics in the conventional twisting chamber and novel twisting chamber of Murata vortex spinning are obtained and compared in order to explain yarn formation for adoption of the novel hollow spindle. The airflow distribution near the spiral guide grooves is analyzed, and the influence of airflow changes caused by the groove structure on the movement of the free end fibers and the yarn strength is analyzed. The results show that the spiral guide grooves will influence the pressure and velocity distribution in the twisting chamber, especially near the areas of the guide grooves. The guide grooves can guide the swirling airflow moving down the conical cavity of the twisting chamber, resulting in increases of the tangential, axial, and radial velocities of airflow in the conical cavity. And it is expected to produce fiber migration in the yarn cross-section and the self-twist effect of wrapped fibers. These phenomena will strengthen the wrapping and twisting effect of the free end fibers and inter-fiber cohesive force of vortex spun yarn in the process of yarn formation, and finally improve the strength of vortex spun yarn due to adopting the novel hollow spindle.

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Merati, Ali Akbar, and Masaaki Okamura. "Hollow Yarn in Friction Spinning." Textile Research Journal 70, no. 12 (December 2000): 1070–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051750007001206.

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YAMAUCHI, Ippei. "Cotton hollow yarn "the spin air"." Sen'i Kikai Gakkaishi (Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan) 52, no. 7 (1999): P307—P310. http://dx.doi.org/10.4188/transjtmsj.52.7_p307.

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Li, yifei. "Study on the Preparation Technology of Hollow Yarn with Hollow Stability." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 772 (March 31, 2020): 012098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/772/1/012098.

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Merati, Ali Akbar, and Masaaki Okamura. "Limits of Hollow Yarn in Friction Spinning." Textile Research Journal 73, no. 6 (June 2003): 496–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051750307300606.

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42

Javazmi, L., S. A. Hosseini Ravandi, and A. A. Ghareaghaji. "Fabrication and characterization of PET nanofiber hollow yarn." Fibers and Polymers 15, no. 5 (May 2014): 954–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12221-014-0954-9.

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43

Pei, Zeguang, and Chongwen Yu. "Investigation on the Dynamic Behavior of the Fiber in the Vortex Spinning Nozzle and Effects of Some Nozzle Structure Parameters." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 6, no. 2 (June 2011): 155892501100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501100600203.

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Vortex spinning, which adopts high speed airflow to insert twist into the yarn, is one of the most promising technological innovations in the textile industry. In vortex spinning, the dynamic behavior of the fiber inside the nozzle, which involves fiber-airflow interaction and fiber-wall contact, plays an important role in the twist insertion process. This paper investigates the airflow characteristics and the fiber dynamic behavior inside the vortex spinning nozzle via a two-dimensional numerical model with the fiber-airflow interaction and fiber-wall contact included. The fiber is assumed to be isotropic, elastic material. The airflow inside the nozzle is assumed to be turbulent, viscous and incompressible. The numerical results show that two vortices with momentarily changed sizes are created upstream of the jet orifice outlets. The imbalance of the pressure around the fiber causes the fiber to move and deform. The trailing end of the fiber rotates with wave shape within the nozzle chamber for several periods to insert twist into the yarn. Based on the model, the effects of three nozzle structure parameters – the jet orifice angle, jet orifice diameter, distance between the nozzle inlet and the hollow spindle, on the dynamic behavior of the fiber, and in turn, the yarn structure and tensile property are investigated. The results show that the appropriate jet orifice angle for obtaining the best yarn tenacity is 70°. The optimal jet orifice diameter is 0.4 mm. The spun yarn has the highest tenacity when the distance between the nozzle inlet and the hollow spindle is 14 mm.

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Najafi, S. J., A. A. Gharehaghaji, and S. M. Etrati. "Fabrication and characterization of elastic hollow nanofibrous PU yarn." Materials & Design 99 (June 2016): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.02.111.

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Balgale, Ilze, and Ilze Baltina. "Woven Textile Pressure Switch." Key Engineering Materials 850 (June 2020): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.850.297.

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In this paper has shown that the three-dimensional hollow weaving technique enables to produce a textile pressure sensor in one continuous process. Based on the multilayer fabric principle, the hollow woven fabrics can be created by connecting adjacent layers of the fabrics according to certain rules. The appropriate fabric structure has been selected and the three-layer weaving technique was used to make the textile pressure switch. The fabric structure is selected to ensure that the top and bottom layers are kept at a distance from each other. The electrically conductive tracks were embedded in the hollow structure of the fabric in bottom and middle layers. Three conditions must be fulfilled in order to create the textile switch: a) the fabric in normal condition keeps the shape required, i.e. the conductive elements are physically separated from each other; b) when the fabric is pressed, conductive elements are in contact, i.e. the switch is now in an electrically on state; c) after the pressure has been removed the fabric returns to its original position, i.e. switch is in an electrically off state. The behavior of the electrically conductive yarn and conductive tracks were tested in various ways. The stainless steel yarn woven in particular way can be used to create woven conductive tracks. Example of application: the pressure sensitive woven rug, the whole area or part of which acts as the pressure sensor or simple switch. The pressure switch in the floor coverings can turn on alarm systems or indicator lamps in the floor or wall coverings for guidance systems in public buildings.

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Uttam, Devanand, A. Mukhopadhyay, and S. M. Ishtiaque. "Modelling to predict thermophysiological properties of hollow/microporous yarn fabrics." Journal of the Textile Institute 104, no. 4 (April 2013): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2012.737548.

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Liu, Xinjin, and Xuzhong Su. "Numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow field in compact spinning with Hollow Roller." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 26, no. 2 (May 27, 2014): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-11-2012-0073.

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Purpose – Condensing roller is the most key parts of compact spinning system. Hollow Roller is one of the most important kinds of condensing roller, the surface structure of which influences the flow field in condensing zone directly and affects the qualities of spun yarn. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of Hollow Roller surface structure on flow field in condensing zone is investigated by using Fluent Software. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, the effect of Hollow Roller surface structure on flow field in condensing zone is investigated by using Fluent Software. The numerical simulations of the three-dimensional flow field in Hollow Roller compact spinning with two different kinds of roller surface structure, round hole structure and strip groove structure, are given according to the three-dimensional physical model of condensing zone. The flow velocity and static pressure distributions in condensing zone are given. Findings – It is shown that the flow velocity streamline distribution is denser with strip groove structure than that of round hole structure, especially on the center line of strand, and flow velocity value is also larger in both Y-Z and X-Y cross-sections, and in X-Z cross-section shows the embracing inlet airflow, which is benefit for fiber condensing directly and improving negative pressure use efficiency. Furthermore, the simulations with three strip groove widths 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 mm are given. The theatrical results obtained are illustrated by experiments. Originality/value – In this paper, the effect of Hollow Roller surface structure on flow field in condensing zone is investigated by using Fluent Software in detail. A more accurate three-dimensional physical model of condensing zone is given. A new kind of strip groove structure of Hollow Roller is proposed. The theatrical results obtained are illustrated by experiments, and lay a foundation for practical Hollow Roller design.

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Merati, Ali Akbar, and Masaaki Okamura. "Hollow Yarn in Friction Spinning. Part II: Yarn Structure and Deformation Under Axial Tension and Lateral Forces." Textile Research Journal 71, no. 5 (May 2001): 454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051750107100514.

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Han, Chenchen, Wenliang Xue, Longdi Cheng, and Zhuanyong Zou. "Comparative analysis of different jet vortex spinning hollow spindle groove structures on yarn mechanism and yarn properties." Textile Research Journal 86, no. 19 (July 20, 2016): 2022–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517515619354.

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JAVAZMI, L., J. EPAARACHCHI, and S. A. HOSSEINI RAVANDI. "Investigation of Mechanical and Physical Properties of PET Nanofiber Hollow Yarn." Journal of Multifunctional Composites 1, no. 2 (2013): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/issn.2168-4286/1.2/javazmi.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Hollow yarns'

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