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Krikellas, Konstantinos. "Case for holistic query evaluation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3940.
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In this thesis we present the holistic query evaluation model. We propose a novel query engine design that exploits the characteristics of modern processors when queries execute inside main memory. The holistic model (a) is based on template-based code generation for each executed query, (b) uses multithreading to adapt to multicore processor architectures and (c) addresses the optimization problem of scheduling multiple threads for intra-query parallelism. Main-memory query execution is a usual operation in modern database servers equipped with tens or hundreds of gigabytes of RAM. In such an execution environment, the query engine needs to adapt to the CPU characteristics to boost performance. For this purpose, holistic query evaluation applies customized code generation to database query evaluation. The idea is to use a collection of highly efficient code templates and dynamically instantiate them to create query- and hardware-specific source code. The source code is compiled and dynamically linked to the database server for processing. Code generation diminishes the bloat of higher-level programming abstractions necessary for implementing generic, interpreted, SQL query engines. At the same time, the generated code is customized for the hardware it will run on. The holistic model supports the most frequently used query processing algorithms, namely sorting, partitioning, join evaluation, and aggregation, thus allowing the efficient evaluation of complex DSS or OLAP queries. Modern CPUs follow multicore designs with multiple threads running in parallel. The dataflow of query engine algorithms needs to be adapted to exploit such designs. We identify memory accesses and thread synchronization as the main bottlenecks in a multicore execution environment. We extend the holistic query evaluation model and propose techniques to mitigate the impact of these bottlenecks on multithreaded query evaluation. We analytically model the expected performance and scalability of the proposed algorithms according to the hardware specifications. The analytical performance expressions can be used by the optimizer to statically estimate the speedup of multithreaded query execution. Finally, we examine the problem of thread scheduling in the context of multithreaded query evaluation on multicore CPUs. The search space for possible operator execution schedules scales fast, thus forbidding the use of exhaustive techniques. We model intra-query parallelism on multicore systems and present scheduling heuristics that result in different degrees of schedule quality and optimization cost. We identify cases where each of our proposed algorithms, or combinations of them, are expected to generate schedules of high quality at an acceptable running cost.
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Abdal-Fadeel, Marwa Magdy G. "Destination management systems : towards a holistic effectiveness evaluation." Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4715.
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This study aims to enhance the understanding of destination management system (DMS) effectiveness and its evaluation. Upon review of the literature, it was established that DMS effectiveness and its evaluation has not yet been researched adequately. Informed by an interpretive approach, this study contributes to research particularly by investigating what constitutes effectiveness and explores the aspects (factors and relationships) that need to be considered in a holistic DMS effectiveness evaluation. Based on a qualitative case study strategy, this study adopts a comprehensive approach that considers multiple stakeholder groups� perspectives. The research evidence is collected through a case-study of the Egyptian DMS experience (the Touregypt project). The Touregypt project gives insights to the understanding of three DMS cases that have not been researched before in DMS literature: first, an actual DMS application in a developing country; second, a public and private sector partnership experience; and third, a failed DMS experience (the system has failed in the course of this research).Prompted by the interpretive approach, this study tried to explore DMS effectiveness based on the perspectives, attitudes and experiences of the multiple stakeholder groups (Hesse-Biber and Leavy 2010). Accordingly, the empirical data was collected through a multi-method approach that includes interviews, observation, archival document analysis (including Touregypt forum analysis), and website analysis. Data has been analyzed guided by discourse analysis, complemented with the general inductive approach of Miles and Huberman (1994). Following an interpretive theory-building strategy, the analyzed data has been further interpreted in the light of prior theories of DMS and information systems research, particularly the Delone and MacLean IS effectiveness theory (1992, 2003, and 2004).The main contribution of this study to knowledge is a theory based model that enhances the understanding of DMS effectiveness evaluation. The suggested model identifies the aspects (factors and relationships) that need to be considered when evaluating the effectiveness of DMS. Also, the results of this study give insights to the understanding of DMS effectiveness by shedding light on what constitutes effectiveness and the possible relationship between such constructs.
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陳文興 and Man-hing Chan. "An holistic approach to selecting advanced manufacturing technologies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31222262.
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Hammerton, James Alistair. "Exploiting holistic computation : an evaluation of the sequential RAAM." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4948/.
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In recent years it has been claimed that connectionist methods of representing compositional structures, such as lists and trees, support a new form of symbol processing known as holistic computation. In a holistic computation the constituents of an object are acted upon simultaneously, rather than on a one-by-one basis as is typical in traditional symbolic systems. This thesis presents firstly, a critical examination of the concept of holistic computation, as described in the literature, along with a revised definition of the concept that aims to clarify the issues involved. In particular it is argued that holistic representations are not necessary for holistic computation and that holistic computation is not restricted to connectionist systems. Secondly, an evaluation of the capacity of a particular connectionist representation, the Sequential RAAM, to generate representations that support holistic symbol processing is presented. It is concluded that the Sequential RAAM is not as effective a vehicle for holistic symbol processing as it initially appeared, but that there may be some scope for improving its performance.
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Sparks, John S. "Syntactic complexity, error and the holistic evaluation of ESL student essays." PDXScholar, 1988. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3842.
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This study was designed to test five hypotheses in order to answer the following general research questions: 1) Are measures of syntactic complexity valid indices of ESL writing quality as measured by the holistic rating of student essays? 2) Would a measure of frequency and seriousness of error reflect evaluators' perceptions of ESL writing quality?
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Peters, Elaine. "Holistic Evaluation of Peer Writings by Able and Less Able Readers in Eighth and Tenth Grades." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331667/.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the use of general impression scoring by teachers and students, and to compare the criteria used in evaluating student writings.
Subjects for the study were 40 eighth grade and tenth grade students of varying reading ability in regular English classes in a suburban school district.
Teachers and students evaluated two sets of writings in the narrative, classificatory and descriptive modes, generated by ninth grade students in regular English classes in the same school district. In addition, a comment, citing criteria upon which evaluation was based, was made on each writing.
The design for this study was an extended factorial analysis. A three way analysis of variance was computed for ability and grade for each level of quality of writing in each mode of discourse.
Six hypotheses were tested. Hypotheses one and two dealt with comparison of ratings by students who differed by ability and grade. No significant differences were found.
Hypotheses three and four dealt with interaction between grade, ability and mode of discourse. No significant interaction was found.
Hypotheses five and six dealt with differences in evaluations between teachers and students of varying ability. A significant difference was found in how teachers and students evaluate writing (p .01).
Examination of criteria used in evaluating writings indicated that teachers consistently referred to elements of the text. Students also made text-based comments. In addition, students responded subjectively, referring to common experience, interest, and memories cued by the text.
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Bowie, Jill. "Compositional versus holistic theories of language evolution : an interdisciplinary and experimental evaluation." Thesis, University of Reading, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446200.
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Fallago, Christopher A. "An evaluation of the methodology, and philosophy used in biological (holistic) dentistry." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12369.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.This paper aims to evaluate the major alternative methods and practices recommended by biological dentists. The evaluation is based upon the most current research available. This paper will also evaluate the quality and quantity ofresearch or procedures that the claims are based upon. Biological dentistry, also known as holistic dentistry, as defined by the International Academy of Oral Medicine and Toxicology (IAOMT) is an alternative approach to dentistry that promotes the use of biocompatible dental materials and a whole body approach to oral health. Three specific topics will be addressed. The first, and perhaps the most widely recognized, is the controversy surrounding dental amalgam, with the IAOMT declaring amalgam as toxic and calling for removal of asymptomatic fillings and banning its use as a dental material. The second is the IAOMT's stance on water fluoridation. The IAOMT believes that water fluoridation is dangerous and the only acceptable level of fluoride in drinking water is zero. The last topic is the alternative methodology used in endodontic treatment. The IAOMT claims that mercury release from dental amalgam is associated with dysfunction ofthe immune system, multiple sclerosis, kidney ailments, chronic fatigue syndrome Alzheimer's disease and a myriad ofother health issues. This is their reasoning for recommending the removal of asymptomatic amalgam fillings, a procedure they claim a regular dentist is not properly trained for. While it is true that mercury vapor is continually released from dental amalgam, the absorbed concentration is well below any threshold toxic value. Clinical trials, and peer reviewed scientific studies demonstrate that dental amalgam is not associated with many of the adverse health effects as stated by the IAOMT. The only established risk is a rare delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in individuals with metal allergies. Much of the early published research attempting to determine daily-absorbed dose from oral air concentrations of mercury vapor is flawed. This has resulted in erroneous and inflated estimates of daily mercury dosages as high as 29 µg per day. It is the erroneous research, much of which was also funded by the IAOMT that is used to support the IAOMT's stance. Newer estimates, confirmed by peer review, ofboth oral Hg air concentrations as well as urine Hg concentrations put the exposure estimate at a much lower range of 1-5 µg/day. Confusion also lies in the fact that the Reference Exposure Levels are based on a small sample exposed to an unknown mercury vapor concentration. [TRUNCATED]
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Pursglove, Lorna Rukin. "The holistic evaluation of employee hope, well-being and engagement through change." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2014. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/261/.
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The landscape of the public sector has changed. Economic recession and the demand for greater efficiencies have created a need to measure and improve employee well-being, whilst attaining individual and organisational goals without additional financial reward. Drawing upon hope theory as defined by C.R. Snyder, particular attention is given to the predictive nature of trait hope over other state-like constructs of psychological capital, including hope, efficacy, resilience and optimism. In literature, hope is recognised for its state and trait-like qualities. It is defined as an active process through which goals can be attained through agentic thinking and pathways actions. Research (Bandler & Grinder, 1979; Woodbury, 1999; Green, 2001: Silbiger, 1999; Pullin, 2002) supports the view that individuals who attain individual goals are more likely to achieve organisational objectives. Furthermore, hope has been found to be an important predictor of psychological adjustment to stressful life events (Michael & Snyder, 2005; Valle et al. 2006) and an organisation which fosters hopeful thinking in employees, can counter the detrimental impact of change fatigue by encouraging employees to work towards a shared goal. Hope as a singular construct is compared to well-being as defined by four questions devised by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and employee engagement in a survey of 242 employees. To breach the gap in the availability of large or longitudinal data sets relating to hope in the workplace, benchmarking of the same employee engagement and well-being questions is conducted using staff survey data of a large civil service department over a five-year period. Findings are also benchmarked to the national UK findings of the ONS evaluation of well-being. A decline in engagement as defined specifically by four questions looking at role and purpose, contribution of individual work and perception of motivational support to achieve organisational objectives was found across the five-year period which correlated with the most significant periods of change. Employees who are high in hope report better engagement, are more satisfied with life and are happier at work using new national measures of well-being than those with hope scores below the mean. When taken together evidence suggests a holistic explanation of subjective well-being and future ability for goal attainment can be made through a simple combined application of hope and well-being scales in the workplace.
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Svensson, Emma, and Hanna Borgefeldt. "Holistic KPIs for Sustainability Assessment of Residential Food Systems." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279689.
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Food is one of the strongest influences affecting both human health and the environment. The food sector is responsible for a substantial share of greenhouse gas emissions in the world, and the demand for more sustainable diets has, therefore, increased. The individual is starting to realize one's own possibility to contribute to a more sustainable society, and people are willing to change their habits to become more sustainable. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create holistic KPIs for sustainable food systems that encourage improvement. The KPIs aim to measure and quantify sustainability from three perspectives: environmental, economic and social sustainability. The methodology used is a framework consisting of five focus areas aiming to create sustainability indicators. The purpose of the five focus areas are to establish vision, indicator framework, indicator selection, stakeholder participation and lastly communication design and strategy. 13 KPIs have been developed, focusing on electricity usage, water usage, GHG emissions, waste management, well-being and expenses. The target group, aimed to use the KPIs, consists of students living in Sweden, making the KPIs adjusted to a student’s lifestyle. The KPIs range from 0-100 %, and a final sustainability ranking is provided through a weighted average of the 13 indicators. The indicators are presented in a radar chart to increase awareness of the students' everyday habits and aim to encourage improvement to increase the sustainability ranking.
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Häckell, Moritz Werther [Verfasser]. "A holistic evaluation concept for long-term structural health monitoring / Moritz Werther Häckell." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB), 2016. http://d-nb.info/1095501275/34.
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Agatep, Jennifer. "Admissions Strategies for Graduate Teaching Credential Programs| A Holistic Approach Using Non-cognitive Variables." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10929292.
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Cognitive variables have been the primary indicator of academic and professional success used to process degree applications in many admissions departments. Cognitive variables are numerically based markers such as grade point average and test scores. Although cognitive variables are essential in determining qualified candidates in graduate programs, noncognitive variables provide significant additional information about a candidate, such as motivation, strength of character, interpersonal skills, and field experience. This qualitative research study examines (a) the use of noncognitive variables in holistic admissions processes to predict academic and professional success of selected candidates in graduate teaching credential programs offered in private educational institutions in the state of California, and (b) the extent to which admissions administrators and decision-makers utilize holistic non-cognitive criteria to assess their applicants.
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Vrazalic, Lejla. "Towards holistic human-computer interaction evaluation research and practice development and validation of the distributed usability evaluation method /." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050106.151954/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2004.Typescript. This thesis is subject to a 2 year embargo (16/09/2004 to 16/09/2006) and may only be viewed and copied with the permission of the author. For further information please Contact the Archivist. Includes bibliographical references: p. 360-374.
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Setari, Anthony Philip. "CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION OF A HOLISTIC EDUCATION SCHOOL EVALUATION TOOL USING MONTESSORI ERDKINDER PRINCIPLES." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsc_etds/12.
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The purpose of this study was to construct a holistic education school evaluation tool using Montessori Erdkinder principles, and begin the validation process of examining the proposed tool. This study addresses a vital need in the holistic education community for a school evaluation tool. The tool construction process included using Erdkinder literature to justify the development of each item through the use of an item matrix, ultimately leading to the development of the 23 item formative Montessori Erdkinder School Evaluation Survey. The validation process included a series of three Rasch Rating Scale Model analyses with data from a sample school. The validation process used item anchoring estimates from the earlier analyses in the later analyses and included determining the tool’s dimensionality, reliability, item fit, possible differential item functioning, and comparing the order of item difficulty levels to the holistic model of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Results of the study showed that six items had issues with fit and would need to be revised, and that the items in the cognitive and moral facet will need to be revised to better match Maslow’s model. This study provides the foundation for the development of a holistic education evaluation or accreditation system, and constructed a resource that could be directly implemented in schools.
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Fraser, Morine C. "Just evaluation, using holistic and qualitative methods within a First Nations college preparatory course." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57435.pdf.
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Carlström, Malin. "Design for Human Behaviour and Automation : Development and Evaluation of a Holistic Warning Approach." Thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-141551.
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A human-centered approach when developing new support systems in vehicles has the potential to enable the driver to make safe decisions in the transition between manual and automatic control. However, careful considerations have to be taken. Not only would the design of the systems, in terms of interface be important, but also what kind of activities the systems support. The aim of this study was to identify an appropriate activity to support the cognitive processes for truck drivers, develop an interface for this activity, and evaluate it in driving situations. This was executed in three sub-studies: the Pre-study, the Design-study, and the Evaluation study. In the Pre-study, the aim was to investigate for what kind of driver-related activity distribution and long haulage truck drivers need a driver support and interface. This was investigated via contribution from truck drivers, HMI/Ergonomics experts, as well as engineers. The activity chosen to support was detecting objects around the vehicle. However, reconsiderations were made due to constrains in the simulator. Suggested by Scania’s Vehicle Ergonomics group a holistic system was chosen; an interface approach enabling for more technologies to be included within the same interface, reducing the amount of modalities a driver can be exposed to. The Design-study addressed the aim of designing an interface for the Holistic system with truck drivers’ cognitive workload in focus. A LED-prototype was built running along the window edges inside the cab of Shania’s Vehicle Ergonomics groups’ simulator, to create warning signal concepts. Literature findings, the LED-prototype, and the simulator were used in an iterative process to design and improve warning signal concepts, until two final concepts were created. The holistic system informs of hazards around and near the vehicle by lighting the area risky objects occurs to guide drivers’ attention and this was done either with 1) the informative display or, 2) the directional display. The Informative display conveys information of a hazard location and type, and the Directional display exclusively conveys information of the hazard location. The Evaluation study explored how drivers were affected by, and how they perceived, the holistic interface design regarding mental workload and hazard detection. A user simulator test was designed to collect data within the areas of ‘Event detection’, ‘Workload’, ‘Driving performance’ and ‘Subjective opinion’. Fourteen professional truck drivers assessed three conditions: 1) Baseline (driving without a system), 2) the Informative display, and, 3) the Directional display, while being exposed to potential hazards. To further increase workload, a secondary task was performed at the end of each condition. The results showed that the Informative display did not only result in more ‘Detection hits’, instances when a driver responded to a present hazard, but also significantly decreased reaction time to detect a hazard. However, in terms of acceptance, the two concepts were considered equally preferred. As the Informative display showed to be more efficient in terms of hazard detection, this should be investigated further. A holistic interface enables for more systems to be included within the same interface, reducing the amount of alarms and modalities drivers are exposed to if designed skillfully. Thus, more support systems can be included in future vehicles, without causing unnecessary distraction when applying a holistic interface approach.Ett människocentrerat förhållningsätt vid utveckling av nya stödsystem i fordon möjliggör för förare att ta säkra beslut i övergången mellan manuell kontroll och automation. Men noggranna överväganden måste tas. Inte bara systemets utförande i form av gränssnittet är av stor vikt, utan även vilken typ av aktivitet som stöds. Syftet med denna studie var att identifiera en lämplig aktivitet att stödja lastbilsförares kognitiva processer, utveckla ett gränssitt för denna aktivitet och utvärdera gränssnittet i en körsituation. Detta utfördes i tre substudier: Förstudien, Designstudien samt Utvärderingsstudien. Förstudiens syfte var att undersöka för vilken typ av körrelaterad aktivitet distributions- och långtransportförare behövde ett förarstöd och gränssitt. Detta undersöktes med bidrag från lastbilsförare, HMI/Ergonomi experter samt ingenjörer. Den valda aktiviteten blev upptäcka objekt framför och kring lastbilen. Dock ändrades den valda aktiviteten på grund av begräsningar i simulatorn. Förslaget från Scanias Ergonomigrupp för förarhytten blev ett Holistiskt system istället; en gränssnittsstrategi som möjliggör att fler tekniker och system att inkluderas i samma gränssnitt, vilket minskar antalet modaliteter en förare kan bli utsatt för. Designstudien behandlar syftet beträffande utformningen av gränssnittet för det holistiska systemet med avseende på lastbilsförares kognitiva belastning. En LED-prototyp byggdes, denna löpte längs med fönsterkanten i förarhytten på Scanias Ergonomigrupps simulator, för att skapa varningssignals-koncept. Resultat från litertur, LED-prototypen och simulatorn användes i en iterativ process för att utveckla och förbättra varningssignalerna. Det holistiska systemet informerar om faror runt fordonet genom att tända ljus i det område riskfyllda objekt upptäckts för att leda förarens uppmärksamhet och detta görs med något av de två utvecklade koncepten: 1) det informativa varningskonceptet eller 2) det riktningsgivande konceptet. Det informativa konceptet förmedlar information om farans placering och typ, medan det riktningsgivande varningskonceptet enbart förmedlar information om farans placering. Utvärderingsstudien utforskade hur förare påverkades av och hur de upplevde det holistiska gränssnittet med avseende på mentalbelastning och upptäckten av faror. Ett användartest i en simulatorutvecklades för att samla in data inom områdena Upptäckt av faror, Mentalbelastning, Körförmåga samt Subjektiv uppfattning. Fjorton professionella förare bedömde tre tillstånd: 1) Baslinje (körning utan ett system), 2) det informativa varningskonceptet och 3) det riktningsgivande varningskonceptet, medan de blev utsatta för potentiella faror. För att öka den mentala belastningen utfördes en sekundäruppgift vid slutet av varje tillstånd. Resultaten visade att det Informativa varningskonceptet inte enbart resulterade i fler upptäckta faror, tillfällen då förare reagerade på en närvarande fara, utan även signifikant minskade reaktionstider att upptäcka faror. Däremot föredrogs båda koncepten i samma utsträckning med avseende på acceptans. Då det informativa varningskonceptet visades sig mest effektivt gällande upptäckten av faror borde denna undersökas vidare. Ett holistiskt gränssitt möjliggör för fler system att inkluderas i samma gränssitt och minskar mängden alarm och modaliteter som en förare kan utsättas för om det designas skickligt. Om ett holistiskt gränssnitt tillämpas kan därmed fler stödsystem innefattas i framtida fordon utan att orsaka oönskad distraktion.
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Sylvestro, Hallie M. "Significant Psychosocial Factors Related to Holistic Wellbeing among Cancer Survivors| A Mixed-Methods Evaluation." Thesis, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10751572.
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Cancer survivors are known to experience significant changes to psychosocial wellbeing (e.g., Everdingen et al., 2007; Houldin, 2000). In particular, cancer is considered to be a highly impactful and traumatic event (Kállay, & Dégi, 2014; Kangas, 2013), and often contributes to negative changes in mental and emotional functioning. It has been projected that up to 50% of cancer survivors will experience impairment from mental health symptoms (Derogatis et al., 1983; Honda & Goodwin, 2004; Massie & Holland, 1990), with depression, being the most common, projected to affect 20-30% of cancer survivors (Honda & Goodwin, 2004; Irwin, Henderson, Knight, & Pirl, 2014).
Problematically, identification of psychosocial needs of cancer survivors within oncological care is lacking (Adler et al., 2008; Holland et al., 2011; Nakash et al., 2014). Oncological primary care providers may often fail to identify psychosocial needs of cancer survivors (Forsythe et al., 2013; Söllner et al., 2001), resulting in unmet psychosocial needs and a lack of mental health referrals (Nakash et al., 2014). Researchers have identified the need for improvements in assessment of psychosocial needs of cancer survivors as a critical step in reducing gaps in psychosocial care (Adler et al., 2008). Biopsychosocial models, which theoretically include physical, emotional, social, and functional health factors (Engel, 1980; Hatala 2012), have been identified as particularly salient in assessing holistic wellbeing of individuals with chronic illnesses such as cancer (Sperry, 2006).
Currently, measures of quality of life (QoL) remain the most commonly utilized biopsychosocial assessment tools in cancer care (King & Hinds, 2012; Lavdaniti & Tsitsis, 2015). However, QoL and other biopsychosocial assessments utilized in medical care have been criticized for bias towards the measurement of bio-medical functioning (Jacob, 2013; Moons, Budts, & De Geest, 2006), and may fail to appropriately assess psychosocial factors—particularly those relevant to co-occuring mental health symptoms (Adler et al., 2008; Alonso, 2004; Connell, O’Cathain, & Brazier, 2014). Alternatively, wellness-based models, biopsychosocial models commonly utilized in psychosocial health professions, are generally more inclusive of psychosocial factors, and may provide a more robust assessment of cancer survivors’ psychosocial needs (Jamner & Stokols, 2000; Myers et al., 2005a; Swarbrick, 2013). Additionally, researchers have suggested the inclusion of patient feedback in improving disciplinary conceptualization of wellbeing (Connell et al., 2014; Weston, 2005), as QoL and wellness are theoretically subjective concepts of health (Sirgy, 2012). To this end, the purpose of this research study was to examine connections between multidisciplinary frameworks of wellbeing, QoL and wellness, and their ability to assess significant psychosocial factors that impact the holistic wellbeing of cancer survivors. This study also compared multidisciplinary models of wellbeing to significant psychosocial factors identified by cancer survivors.
In the current study, both of the examined models of biopsychosocial wellbeing were found to account for significant variance in depression scores among cancer survivors. Additionally, both models were found to have significant commonality, as well as have unique contributions in predicting depression among cancer survivors. These findings suggest the utility of multidisciplinary inspection of biopsychosocial assessment models for use in cancer care. Furthermore, while the QoL assessment model was found to be superior in capturing the unique social and physical needs of survivors within the cancer context, the wellness model was found to contribute a new significant construct to the overall biopsychosocial model of wellbeing: coping styles. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews held with eight cancer survivors resulted in the identification of additional salient psychosocial factors among cancer survivors not present in either of the models; namely, items related to post-traumatic growth, satisfaction with health providers and settings, and the impact of cancer-related financial burden. The qualitative results also provided further support for the quantitative results. While it is clear that current assessment models utilized in biomedical and mental health settings provide reasonable utility in accounting for the psychosocial needs of cancer survivors, the results of this study indicate the need for further refinement of biopsychosocial models utilized in the cancer context. Interdisciplinary inspection, as well as further analysis of the self-identified needs of cancer survivors may contribute to the creation of more robust biopsychosocial assessment models of wellbeing, and the resultant improvement of psychosocial care for cancer survivors. Furthermore, implications for theory, mental health and biomedical practice, and suggestions for future research will be shared while taking into consideration relevant literature on cancer survivorship.
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Laseter, Joel Tyler III. "Holistic Performance Evaluation of the Built Environment: The Olin Building Past, Present & Future." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1544173911724874.
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Schafer, Maureen Lucy. "Assessing Soldiers' Wellness Holistically: An Evaluation of Instruments Applicable to Primary Care." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228180.
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Increasingly, experts recommend that military primary care clinics consider implementing delivery of care based on models of holistic wellness. Several wellness measurement tools exist, but none of these has been applied to a military primary care clinic. In this study, the psychometric testing of two holistic wellness measurement instruments was carried out for possible use with soldiers in primary care clinics. The instruments tested were the Perceived Wellness Model (Adams, Bezner, & Steinhardt, 1998) and the Optimal Living Profile (Renger et al., 2000). Both instruments appear suitable for use in future studies for measuring wellness in Cadet Soldiers. The measures provided by these instruments provide important data that professionals can use to assist young Soldiers in their multidimensional wellness development.
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Brown, Jennifer E. "The development and evaluation of a holistic approach to obesity management for primary care nurses." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/339.
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The prevalence of obesity (BMI≥30kg/m²) in the Scottish population is rising at an alarming pace. The health implications for those affected and the lack of sustained success in treatment, demands that new strategies be explored to improve patient outcomes (Harvey et al. 2005). Primary care nurses appear well placed to address obesity management. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop and evaluate an evidence based, holistic, person centred approach to management, which was relevant to both professionals and those who are obese. A conceptual framework was developed to encompass the physical, social and emotional components of weight management in conjunction with the nursing models of Roper, Logan and Tierney and Peplau. The approach used mixed methods of data collection, which was carried out in two phases. Outcomes from the initial exploratory, longitudinal survey phase, involving 64 outpatients attending a specialist obesity clinic, showed that physical, social and emotional factors, in conjunction with beliefs about weight management are interrelated. Evidence from the exploratory phase contributed to the development of materials for the intervention phase which was implemented in primary care by nine practice nurses (PNs) who recruited 28 obese individuals for a three month period. Methods of data collection included questionnaires, booklets, field notes and interviews. ii The key findings of this study confirmed that obesity is complex and a holistic, person centred approach to weight management through partnership working between nurses and obese individuals can be effective. While PNs have a key role to play in obesity management they recognised their need for appropriate tools and education to help individuals towards self-management. The results also suggested that nurses and individuals who took ownership of this approach had successful outcomes in terms of weight loss.
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Naeem, Muhammad. "A Holistic Dynamic Decision Making System for Ranking Opportunities in Enterprise Collaboration." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2027.
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Dans le contexte de l’industrie 4.0, les entreprises doivent développer et revitaliser leur système de production sur la base d’une numérisation croissante. Les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) ont besoin d’être accompagnèes dans ce développement, en particulier dans le cadre de leurs relations collaboratives avec leurs partenaires. La mise en place d’infrastructures s’appuyant sur les systèmes d’information et les technologies en place devrait permettre de faciliter les interactions, l’échange et le partage des données et la prise de décision qui en découle. La collaboration dans les entreprises est un processus dynamique et en constante évolution qui est fortement créateur de valeur ajoutée. Des processus collaboratifs maitrisés ont un impact important sur les processus de prise de décision au sein des entreprises. L’une des problématiques majeures liée à la mise en place des processus collaboratifs concerne les différentes technologies utilisées par les PME ainsi que les différentes approches méthodologiques nécessaires pour déployer ces processus métiers et modifier les organisations en place. Du point de vue technique, les travaux de recherche portent principalement sur trois dimensions: l’échange de données, l’analyse des données et l’ingénierie sémantique. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous intéressons principalement à l’analyse et au traitement des données dans les processus décisionnels collaboratifs. En raison des hiérarchies conceptuelles complexes nous proposons un cadre méthodologique prescriptif collaboratif pour les entreprises en réseau (en anglais : Prescriptive Collaborative Framework for Enterprise Network). Ce cadre méthodologique s’appuie sur une analyse des données massives (Big Data), hétérogènes, structurées et non structurées issues des processus collaboratifs. Analyse qui a pour objectif d’enrichir une base de connaissances du schéma d’ontologie d’aide à la décision. En plus de souligner le rôle de big data et de la modélisation ontologique dans les processus de prise de décision, nous avons défini un ensemble de facilitateurs, «enablers», qui sont configurables et qui jouent le rôle de blocs de base du cadre méthodologique proposé. Ces enablers couvrent différents aspects des processus industriels collaboratifs tels que : la spécification des produits, l’approvisionnement en matières, l’assemblage et la manutention des produits, les capacités de production, la gestion des risques, le contrôle qualité, l’engagement des clients et le Customer Value Lifelong.iiiLe framework proposé est composé d’une base de connaissances, « Base de Connaissances de l’Enterprise Collaborative », qui a été construite sur la base d’une analyse des ressources de l’entreprise en utilisant une modélisation ontologique. Les enablers sont utilisés principalement pour alimenter cette base de connaissances, mais également pour proposer des mécanismes de récapitulation des données sous la forme d’une matrice asymétrique de factorisation (Asymmetric Matrix Factorization) qui se base sur l’analyse des sentiments. Les solutions proposées ont été testées et validées dans le cadre d’une collaboration industrielle impliquant deux partenaires issus du projet européen FP7 FITMAN. Le principal résultat du système proposé réside dans la création de profil de capacités de collaboration en utilisant des données structurées (du système de production) et semi-structurées (métadonnées issues du système de gestion des documents techniques). Pour analyser une opportunité, le modèle de base de connaissances pour la prise de décision proposé fournit une solution auto-adaptative pour l’entreprise collaborativeThe enterprises by virtue of their progressive objectives hold a strategic impetus of revitalizing their chain of manufacturing in the array of emerging challenges of value added production. The value added production is coined by the cost effective improvement in product life cycle. Nevertheless, small and medium enterprises are not rich in resources to embrace this objective. However, they find the collaborative network to be the best course of strategic action. The enterprise collaboration has gain much popularity and strength with the inception of digital revolution. This concept has observed a dynamic and evolving phenomenon of value added chain. This phenomenon under the convergence of information technology has placed a remarkable impact on decision-making processes within enterprises. The enterprises are involved in establishing a common window of collaborative network where the principle enterprise decides the synthesis of the incoming opportunity. The decision making at early stage for ranking the potential partner plays a pivoted role in optimized collaborative network. We in this study have obtained the aforementioned objectives by analyzing a vast amount of data and knowledge base. We have shown how the decisionmaking capability can be improved by means of analytics of vast amount of data during enterprise collaboration. Apart from highlighting the stalwart role of big data and ontological modeling in decision-making processes, we have defined enablers namely "Capability Evaluator" (herein CE) which are configurable in their definition. The defined enablers have been show to cover the financial, process and enterprise level scope with diversified classification. They play the role of building blocks in the proposed framework coined by the essence of integrated data management and enterprise collaborative knowledge base. We have defined three ways of obtaining these enablers, descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analysis. These enablers cover the industrial manufacturing aspects such as: Delay, Costing, Resource, Risk, Quality Control, Product Specification (Functional, Technical, General), Process, Raw Material, Product assembly and handling, Production capacity, Customer Engagement and Customer Lifelong Value. The whole of the system has been validated by means of introducing a framework "Prescriptive Collaborative Framework for Enterprise Network"v(herein PCFEN). The framework is logically comprised of a knowledge base namely "Enterprise Collaboration Knowledge Base" (herein ECKB). This knowledge base has been adopted with the prescriptive analysis across enterprise resources using ontological modeling. The enablers are used to populate the flexible knowledge base by which the ECKB enables to provide decision making for the ranking of the projects. The decision making system is also enriched by means of summaries obtained from the free text. Here in this aspect, we introduces a summarization mechanism "Asymmetric Matrix Factorization" (AMF). This component was used to obtain the summaries of variable size and quality. The summaries were used to extract the key concepts by means of sentiment analysis to map the knowledge base. Moreover, we have also modeled the "Composition of Customer Commitment" which is used for the orchestration and synthesis of the project. The outcome of proposed system addressed the individual and collaborative enterprise capability within enterprise network using structured and semi-structured data. The proposed knowledge base decision making model provides a self-adaptive solution for enterprise collaborative services and provides a high level assistance in project ranking
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Liu, Li [Verfasser]. "Cultural Differences in Design-based Product Evaluation: The Role of Holistic and Analytic Thinking / Li Liu." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/103452769X/34.
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Janopoulos, Michael. "The role of comprehension in holistic evaluation of second language writing proficiency at the university level." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1273083962.
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Janopoulos, Michae. "The role of comprehension in holistic evaluation of second language writing proficiency at the university level /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487327695621887.
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Rosales, Rafael [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Gutachter] Teich. "Holistic Actor-Oriented Modeling of Embedded Systems for ESL Power Consumption Evaluation / Rafael Rosales ; Gutachter: Jürgen Teich." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2017. http://d-nb.info/1124234039/34.
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SPADAFORA, EMANUELE. "ACUTE AND PROLONGED EFFECT OF NEW TREATMENTS (LEVOSIMENDAN AND SACUBITRIL/VALSARTAN) IN HEART FAILURE: AN HOLISTIC EVALUATION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/695162.
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Alveolar-capillary membrane evaluated by carbon monoxide diffusion (DLCO) plays an important role in heart failure (HF). Surfactant Proteins (SPs) have also been suggested as a worthwhile marker. In acute HF, Levosimendan improves pulmonary hemodynamics and reduces lung fluids but associated SPs and DLCO changes are unknown. Sixty-five acute HF patients underwent spirometry, cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and SPs determination before and after Levosimendan. Levosimendan caused natriuretic peptide-B (BNP) reduction, peakVO2 increase and VE/VCO2 slope reduction. Spirometry improved but DLCO did not. SP-A, SP-D and immature SP-B reduced (73.7 ± 25.3 vs. 66.3 ± 22.7 ng/mL*, 247 ± 121 vs. 223 ± 110 ng/mL*, 39.4 ± 18.7 vs. 34.4 ± 17.9AU*, respectively); while mature SP-B increased (424 ± 218 vs. 461 ± 243 ng/mL, * = p < 0.001). Spirometry, BNP and CPET changes suggest hemodynamic improvement and lung fluid reduction. SP-A, SP-D and immature SP-B reduction indicates a reduction of inflammatory stress; conversely mature SP-B increase suggests alveolar cell function restoration. In conclusion, acute lung fluid reduction is associated with SPs but not DLCO changes. SPs are fast responders to alveolar-capillary membrane condition changes. On the other hand, regarding chronic heart failure, Sacubitril/Valsartan represents a novel therapy in the treatment of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), has recently proved efficacy in improving exercise tolerance and cardiac performance. We enrolled a cohort of HFrEF outpatients eligible for sacubitril/valsartan and performed serial cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET), pulmonary function tests, laboratory and echocardiographic assessments before and during the gradual titration of this treatment, in order to evaluate its effects on cardiopulmonary function and left ventricular remodeling. In this interim analysis, we examined twenty-five patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan for at three months. At a mean follow-up of 169±74 days, 92% of patients reached the maximum dose, without important safety concerns. Ejection fraction increased (31.0±5.4 vs. 37.2±9.6 %; p=0.009), while left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes decreased (respectively, 116.8±31.4 vs. 90.5±21.3 ml, p=0.011; 80.9±24.5 vs. 58.2±21.4 ml, p=0.004). Peak oxygen consumption (VO2) improved from 63.4±12.5 to 70.3±13.3 % of predicted (p=0.002), along with workload at maximal exercise (97.0±39.3 vs. 103.7±39.7 watt, p=0.001) and VO2 at the anaerobic threshold (881±278 to 1056±350 ml, p=0.012). Minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production relationship (VE/VCO2 slope) did not reach statistical significance in this sub-population. New York Heart Association functional class improved (p=0.004), together with a significant decrease of MECKI (Metabolic Exercise test data combined with Cardiac and Kidney Indexes) score from 3.0 (IQR 1.7-6.3) to 1.8 (0.8-3.6) %, with a positive impact on two-year HF prognosis (p=0.009).In conclusion medium-term treatment with sacubitril/valsartan demonstrated beneficial effects on exercise tolerance, left ventricular remodelling and functional status, confirming the results from previous clinical trials in real-life. The longer follow-up and larger population of the finished study will further contribute to the assessment of its positive effects on HF patients.
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Rochester, René Darlene. "The design, development, and evaluation of the PHAT STAR workshop preventive holistic adolescent training saving teens at risk /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Al-Ruithe, Majid Saliman. "Development and evaluation of a holistic framework and maturity assessment tools for data governance in cloud computing environments." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2018. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/4331/.
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Cloud computing is an emerging technology that is changing the way that public sector organisations consume Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in different countries. The adoption rate of cloud computing services is still very low to none in many countries. Saudi Arabia, for instance, despite their huge investments in the Digital Transformation, as part of the recent Vision 2030, the loss of governance and control of data is one of their major barriers facing the adoption of cloud computing services. Cloud Data Governance, is not only a Saudi concern, it is actually a worldwide challenge, which is under researched and mostly not practiced. This research attempted, for the first time to unlock this challenge in Saudi Arabia, more specifically, for the Public Sector, by advancing research in this field and proposing means by which Cloud Data Governance programmes can be implemented. In this research, existing data governance frameworks were analysed – these frameworks were limited as they lacked consideration of the cloud computing perspective. Hence, the purpose of this research is to develop a generalised Strategy Framework that can be utilised to design, deploy and sustain an effective cloud data governance programme; it also aims to provide knowledge for organisations that wish to apply a cloud data governance programme, to empower them to control their data in cloud environments. Understanding data governance taxonomy and its key dimensions for non-cloud and cloud computing was an important step in developing the proposed Framework. To support the development of the proposed Framework, the Analytic Theory and concept of Critical Success Factors (CSFs) were adopted. The Framework includes a number of complex operations, therefore, to ensure an effective Cloud Data Governance programme, organisations need to have means by which they can assess their current state and define their requirements. To facilitate this, a Maturity Model was proposed together with an Assessment Matrix. The proposed Framework and Maturity Model alongside the Assessment Matrix, were then validated and evaluated for the Public Sector in Saudi Arabia, as a Case Study. Mixed research methods, Qualitative and Quantitative, were adopted for this purpose, where the State of the Art of cloud adoption, data governance and cloud data governance, in the Saudi Public Sector were all analysed. Moreover, a number of Barriers and Critical Success Factors were identified for the case study. For validation purposes, the Focus Group approach was adopted, with appropriate representations from the Saudi Public Sector. The Structural Equation Modelling was adopted for the evaluation of the proposed Framework, using quantitative results from the questionnaire. The Evaluation of the Assessment Matrix was done by developing a Tool, which allows organisations to identify their levels of maturity for cloud data governance programmes, and define requirements for target levels.
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Cersosimo, Marco <1990>. "Integrated Reporting - Implementing a holistic Performance Measurement System to assist decision makers in the evaluation of corporate impacts." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/9166.
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Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the possible influence that Integrated Reporting may have on management control systems and whether the former may serve as a driver of change for the latter in today’s knowledge driven and increasingly dynamic economy.
Design/methodology/approach – The first part of the following dissertation will guide us through the stages that have lead the IIRC to develop the guiding principles of Integrated Reporting, why it has picked up momentum and the reported benefits that it can deliver. The second part will involve a literature review and a theoretical framework in order to identify recent findings and gaps that need to be filled in order for management to have a better understanding of the connection between the mentioned reporting system and management control systems. In particular, we focus on the advantages and challenges of effectively integrating sustainability into MCSs. The third section of this thesis will focus on the development of a model useful for management in order to assess the different impacts that corporate actions may have on the different forms of capitals that it influences or is affected by, give guidelines in order to facilitate and achieve an integrated management control system and will cover some case studies. Finally, conclusions will summarise the key findings and identify recommendations for future research.
Originality/value – This paper adds value to the previous research because it serves as a connection between theoretical guidelines, providing a practical instrument for management to apply to their unique business models and have a better awareness of the impacts of their decisions.
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Thomas, Jennifer Sarah. "An holistic evaluation of the workplace: understanding the impact of the workplace environment on satisfaction, perceived productivity and stimulation." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/2845/.
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The central argument in this thesis is that the workplace environment has an impact upon users and that perceptions of the environment are related to overall satisfaction with the workplace, stimulation and perceived productivity. In addition, it is proposed that changing the environment can influence users’ perceptions and stimulation levels. To test this argument a methodology was developed to allow the collection of both objective and subjective data relating to a range of aspects of the workplace environment. A questionnaire was developed to test users’ attitudes towards aspects of the workplace environment including the internal climate, spatial layout, interior design and workplace features. These user perceptions were analysed in relation to corresponding objective measures of these workplace aspects. Data was collected in 16 workplaces and analysed to determine the relationship between user perceptions and objective measurements of the workplace and establish how these were related to overall satisfaction, stimulation and perceived productivity. The results revealed that users were satisfied with the more quantitative aspects of the workplace: internal climate and spatial layout, but were not satisfied with the qualitative aspects of the workplace: decoration, furniture, personal control and choice, window provision and break areas. All aspects of the workplace were significantly correlated with satisfaction with the workplace and stimulation. There was also an effect on perceived productivity. The findings of the workplace evaluations were tested to determine whether changing the environment in the afternoon could affect stimulation. The results revealed some evidence of a positive impact upon stimulation levels through variation of the workplace environment. Implications for the design of future workplaces and further research in light of the findings are discussed.
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Schlösser, Tim Markus [Verfasser], Antonello [Akademischer Betreuer] Monti, and Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller. "Methodology for holistic evaluation of building energy systems unter dynamic boundary conditions / Tim Markus Schlösser ; Antonello Monti, Dirk Müller." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1194067115/34.
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Zierden, Caitlin Marie. "Exploring the Relationship Between Contact Variables and Student and Family Outcomes in a School-Community Holistic Case Management Program." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1624377603806033.
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Power, Richenda Maeve. "The whole idea of medicine : a critical evaluation of the emergence of 'holistic medicine' in Britain in the early 1980s." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303989.
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Malmberg, Jonas. "Is Human Centric Lighting Really Human Centric in a Classroom? : A holistic evaluation of a HCL-system in a classroom." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209810.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate Human Centric Lighting in a classroom. Previous studies tend to focus primarily on the biological, non-visual, effects of the HCL. In this study, a more holistic approach to HCL is applied, including both the non-visual aspects as well as the visual and emotional aspects. In order to fulfil the aim of the study, the three aspects - visual, emotional and biological - will be investigated through five different methodologies; observation and analysis of lighting distribution and behavioural analysis of lighting system as a visual aspect, surveys about the mood and emotions as an emotional aspect and visual performance and visual acuity as a biological aspect. The evaluation took place in the elementary school Sturebyskolan in Stockholm, where a classroom with a HCL-system is to be found. The system includes three lighting settings; 800 lx, 6000 K (energy light/focus light), 500 lx, 4000 K (standard/normal light) and 300 lx, 3000 K (calm/relaxed light). Results show positive effect on performance and better visual acuity in focus lighting than in relaxed lighting. Focus lighting was perceived as a cold and hard lighting for tests, while the relaxed lighting was perceived as a warm and calm lighting for a cosy feeling. The lighting characteristics are suited for a typical classroom. The ignorance of the lighting system can be a problem for the experience and usage of the lighting in the classroom. In summary, to denominate a lighting system as HCL and only consider the altered colour temperature and light intensity is not comprehensive enough. A HCL-system needs to consider the visual, emotional and biological aspects, and the biological aspect is explicitly considered in this lighting-system, whilst the emotional and visual aspects are more ambiguously considered. As a proposal to consider all three aspects, several layers of light could be added in order to strengthen the visual aspect and create a vivid and interesting atmosphere. Moreover, conscious arrangement of luminaires and luminaires with flexible characteristics could simplify and broaden the opportunities in the classroom and facilitate the use of light layers.
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Krause, S. R. "An evaluation to asses [i.e. assess] the holistic care of tuberculosis patients with palliative care needs in the Western Cape, South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13441.
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Trafford, V. N. "Developing a critical success factor approach to holistic institutional evaluation for polytechnics in the states of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, India, 1977-1984." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379033.
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Erhard, Michael, Jörg Schneider, and Jan Julius Stein. "Design and performance evaluation of next generation clutch control valve." Technische Universität Dresden, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71223.
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Pressure reducing valves perform various control tasks in mobile machines. In many cases contamination sensitive environments require pilot-operated valves, because of its more robust performance. On the other hand, dynamic valve behavior can be critically in certain applications. Overcoming the restrictions resulting from stand-alone test rig attempts, suitable simulation principles are nowadays the state of art in valve design. Unsuitable model approaches and missing consideration of the application may result in wrong design decisions. This paper discusses two important modeling issues, in particular the solenoid and spool leakage behavior, in combination with the connected system under control, a pressure-actuated clutch. It is shown, that even for standard proportional valves a critical view on customers´excitation strategy and site of installation decides on success or failure of an already used design variant.
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Rieseberg, Ashley. "Holistic approach to the evaluation of the anthropocentric influence on domoic acid production and the corresponding impact on the California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus) population." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179182.
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Domoic acid (DA) is a neurotoxin produced by the harmful algae Pseudo-nitzschia that has been directly linked to mass stranding events of the California Sea Lion (CSL). The purpose of this paper is to review the anthropogenic influence on the production of this neurotoxin and examine how human activities are impacting this marine mammal species. A comprehensive and interdisciplinary literature review was conducted to evaluate the future sustainability of the CSL population. It was found that while Pseudo-nitzschia bloom developments are vulnerable to anthropogenic influences, the incontestable existence of natural contributing factors adds a certain complexity to the determination of causalities and the development of solutions. Strong evidence exists to show that DA can cause major and irreversible neurological damage in CSLs. Rehabilitation of DA-impacted CSLs is a polarizing issue in the U.S. and presents interesting implications for sustainable development. While the CSL population is currently healthy and plenteous, the strong abundance of future uncertainties warrants concern. A balance must be found between the involving social, economic, and environmental factors to ensure a promising future for the CSL species.
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Netz, Johan. "First things first - think before you decide : The how, what and who of idea screening." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Centrum för tjänsteforskning, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-63719.
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This thesis investigates decision-making activities leading to the initial selection of which new ideas should be selected for further development or rejected. This process, often referred to as idea screening, is described as being one of the most important, but also challenging, tasks to master during the entire innovation process. There are two main reasons for this: Firstly, not all ideas are good and secondly no firm has the resources to develop every single idea proposed to it. Thus, it is important to be careful when initially deciding which ideas are to be selected and developed into future possible innovations in order to eliminate weak ideas and retain those that have a substantial chance of becoming successful. Two alternative decision-making approaches are explored in the thesis (the intuitive and rational approaches). In the thesis, the concept of intuition during the screening of product and service ideas is demystified. The empirical findings show that decision-makers utilize five main underlying criteria when intuitively assessing ideas. Of these, the findings indicate user-value to be the most important one, or at least the criterion that most assessors emphasize when making intuitive decisions. The findings presented in the thesis increase our understanding of the use of rational and holistic intuitive decision-making when screening ideas during the Front End Innovation phase, as well as questioning the traditional view of intuition, as a decision-making tool that is only reliable if applied by those with a vast amount of experience and expertise. The reported findings indicate that, for example, users with an understanding of the idea context are able to intuitively identify the ideas that decision-making experts identify as the top (best) ones. Hence, managers faced with a situation where they are being inundated with new ideas can turn to non-experts for help.This thesis explores and investigates two alternative decision-making approaches (the intuitive and the rational approaches) used when screening ideas during the initial part of the innovation process. In this thesis, the concept of intuition when screening product and service ideas is demystified. The empirical findings show that decision-makers utilize five main underlying criteria when making intuitive assessments of ideas. Of these, the findings indicate that user-value is the most important one, or at least the single criterion that most assessors emphasize when making an intuitive decision. The findings presented in the thesis increase our understanding of the use of rational and holistic intuitive decision-making when screening ideas during the Front End Innovation phase, as well as questioning the traditional view of intuition, as a decision-making tool that is only reliable if applied by those with a vast amount of experience and expertise. The reported findings indicate that, for example, users with an understanding of the idea context are able to intuitively identify the ideas that decision-making experts identify as the top (best) ones. Hence, managers faced with a situation where they are being inundated with new ideas can turn to non-experts for help.
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Jones, Jess W. "A holistic approach to taxonomic evaluation of two closely related endangered freshwater mussel species, the oyster mussel (Epioblasma capsaeformis) and tan riffleshell (Epioblasma florentina walkeri) (Bivalvia:Unionidae)." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302004-153127/.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2004.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Dec. 7, 2005). Vita. In abstract the "E" in HE is subscript. Includes bibliographical references.
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Jones, Jess W. "A Holistic Approach to Taxonomic Evaluation of Two Closely Related Endangered Freshwater Mussel Species, the Oyster Mussel (Epioblasma capsaeformis) and Tan Riffleshell (Epioblasma florentina walkeri) (Bivalvia: Unionidae)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9861.
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Primers for 10 polymorphic DNA microsatellite loci were developed and characterized for the endangered oyster mussel Epioblasma capsaeformis from the Clinch River, TN. Microsatellite loci also were amplified for individuals collected from the following additional populations or species: (1) E. capsaeformis from Duck River, TN; (2) E. florentina walkeri from Indian Creek, upper Clinch River, VA; (3) E. florentina walkeri from Big South Fork Cumberland River, TN; and (4) E. torulosa rangiana from Allegheny River, PA. Allelic diversity ranged from 9-20 alleles/locus, and averaged 13.6/locus for all 5 populations investigated. Average expected heterozygosity (HE) per locus ranged from 0.78-0.92, and averaged 0.86.
A genetic characterization of extant populations of E. capsaeformis and E. florentina walkeri was conducted to assess taxonomic validity and to resolve conservation issues related to recovery planning. These mussel species exhibit pronounced phenotypic variation, and are difficult to characterize phylogenetically using DNA sequences. Monophyletic lineages, congruent with phenotypic variation among
species, were obtained only after extensive analysis of combined mitochondrial (1378 bp of 16S, cytochrome-b, ND1) and nuclear (515 bp of ITS-1) DNA sequences. In contrast, analysis of variation at 10 hyper variable DNA microsatellite loci showed moderate to highly divergent populations based on FST values, which ranged from 0.12-0.39. Quantitative genetic variation was observed in fish host specificity, with transformation success of glochidia of E. capsaeformis significantly greater (p<0.05) on the greenside darter Etheostoma blennioides, and that of E. f. walkeri significantly greater (p<0.05) on the fantail darter E. flabellare. Lengths of glochidia differed significantly (p<0.001) between species, with sizes ranging from 241-272 mm. Underwater photographs of mantle-pads and micro-lures of female mussels documented fixed phenotypic variation between species. The texture and color of the mantle-pad of E. capsaeformis is smooth and bluish-white, while that of E. f. walkeri is pustuled and brown, with tan mottling. Based on extensive molecular, morphological, and life history data, a population of E. capsaeformis from the Duck River, TN is described and proposed as a separate species, and a population of E. f. walkeri from the upper Clinch River, VA is described and proposed as a separate subspecies.
Genetic management guidelines were developed to assess taxonomic status, genetic variation of donor-recipient populations targeted for augmentation, and field and laboratory protocols to maximize genetically effective population size, minimize genetic changes in captive-reared progeny, and prevent the release of juvenile mussels into non-native drainages. A pragmatic approach to species recovery is advocated; one that incorporates the principles of conservation genetics into breeding programs, but prioritizes the immediate demographic needs of critically endangered mussel species.Master of Science
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Naidoo, Loganathan. "An evaluation of the use of testamentary and Inter vivos trusts as estate-planning vehicles and the development of holistic estate-planning models involving the use of these trusts." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008100.
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Trusts are subject to multiple fOl1lls of legislative regulation dealing with taxation and governance. Trusts were widely used by planners as taxavoidance shelters. Tax legislation was amended to subject trusts, other than special trusts as defined, to the highest income tax rate of forty percent, in tel1llS of section 5(2) of the Income Tax Act, 58 of 1962. The inter vivos trust is also subject to a wide range of anti-avoidance measures, including those contained in sub-sections (3) to (8) of section 7 of the Income Tax Act and Part X of the Eighth Schedule to the Act, as well as the general anti -avoidance measures in section 103. These measures impact negatively on the use of trusts for estate-planning purposes. The research objective was to evaluate the use of testamentary and inter vivos trusts for estate-planning purposes and to develop a holistic estate-planniD.g model incorporating these planning instruments. Both the testamentary trust and the inter vivos trust were evaluated against broad principles of effective estate planning and the taxes and duties applicable to them. The research also reviewed the writings of financial planners on various techniques and models used for estate planning, as wells as case studies documented in the literature. The research developed and evaluated holistic estate-planning models incorporating testamentary trusts and inter vivos trusts, respectively. By neutralizing the effects of various taxes and duties, it was demonstrated that it is possible to develop an estate plan that satisfies most of the requirements of effective estate planning.
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Natanian, Jonathan [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Auer, Thomas [Gutachter] Auer, Shady [Gutachter] Attia, and Guedi [Gutachter] Capeluto. "Beyond Zero Energy Districts: A Holistic Energy and Environmental Quality Evaluation Workflow for Dense Urban Contexts in Hot Climates / Jonathan Natanian ; Gutachter: Thomas Auer, Shady Attia, Guedi Capeluto ; Betreuer: Thomas Auer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1234149095/34.
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Lech, Agnieszka Maria. "Forensic evaluation of witnesses' performance in creation, identification and recognition of offenders' facial composites, created with two holistic and one feature based software; the question of their confidence and accuracy under different experimental conditions." Thesis, University of Kent, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.592670.
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This thesis compares identifications based on composites created in featurebased and holistic systems. Three different systems were used: EFIT is feature-based software and two recently developed programs with a holistic approach to facial composites creations EFITV and EvoFIT. EFITV and EvoFIT are newly developed systems which are based on evolutionary search algorithms and are expected to provide more accwate facial composites. The work presented in this thesis is predominantly concerned with various methodologies used to examine accuracy of facial composites created under different experimental conditions. Conducted experiments consist of two phases - creation of stimuli and identification phase, where participants need to recognise given composites. A detailed description of each experimental design is provided together with different experimental techniques used to create facial stimuli.
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Marins, Crounel. "A utilização da abordagem holística em administração: um estudo interpretativo das práticas gerenciais das empresas integrantes da Bolsa de Valores, mercadorias e futuros de São Paulo - BM&FBovespa - Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-29062015-142952/.
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Esta tese teve como objetivos identificar indícios de uma abordagem holística nas práticas gerenciais das empresas, contribuir para a construção de um modelo com características holísticas para orientar o delineamento de práticas gerenciais, e classificar as empresas pesquisadas quanto ao estágio de institucionalização da utilização de elementos da abordagem holística em suas práticas. O holismo, já conhecido na Antiguidade, teve um significado moderno dado pelo pensador e estadista sul-africano J. C. Smuts, através da obra Holism and Evolution, de 1926. Para ele, holismo é um fator que orienta a evolução de todo o Universo, com a formação de estruturas que só podem ser devidamente tratadas como totalidades, numa sequência que começa com a matéria e a vida, passando pela personalidade humana, até chegar às organizações supra-individuais e aos sistemas de valores humanos. Epistemologicamente, o holismo é contraposto ao reducionismo, quer seja nas Ciências Naturais (atomismo), quanto nas Ciências Sociais (individualismo). Após Smuts, vários autores trataram do holismo, com diferentes propósitos, entre eles Quine (1951), Weil (1991), Esfeld (2001) e Descombes (2014). Em relação à Administração, Savory (1999), aborda o holismo com foco na questão ambiental. No Brasil, Almada et al (2004), Aligleri et al (2008), Cunha e Corrêa (2010), entre outros, com focos em atividades administrativas diversas, fizeram considerações que remetem à visão holística por parte da gestão, que consiste em enxergar totalidades, dentre as quais a própria empresa é uma delas, bem como as conexões que ligam estas totalidades. A pesquisa, qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, utilizou a abordagem interpretativista, pela qual o pesquisador busca compreender uma realidade, que possui aspectos objetivos e subjetivos. As 20 empresas pesquisadas foram retiradas de amostra aleatória entre as empresas pertencentes do Novo Mercado da BM&FBovespa, que possuem requisitos mais rígidos quanto às práticas de Governança Corporativa. Os dados foram retirados dos relatórios anuais de atuação e de outros documentos disponibilizados nos sites das empresas, sendo constituídos por informações gerais, mais as práticas gerenciais orientadas para a sustentabilidade e a responsabilidade social corporativa. A Teoria da Institucionalização forneceu critérios para classificar as empresas nos vários estágios de institucionalização do uso de elementos da abordagem holísticas em suas práticas. Para esta classificação, foi necessário construir um primeiro modelo, ou protótipo, para avaliação holística, visto não ser encontrado, nas teorias analisadas, modelo que pudesse ser utilizado. Este protótipo, o primeiro resultado da pesquisa, foi elaborado contrastando princípios holísticos, deduzidos da obra de Smuts, com a Teoria dos Sistemas, Teoria da Complexidade e Cibernética, mais a Teoria dos Stakeholders. Feitas as análises das práticas e as considerações finais para as empresas, observou-se uma alocação com grande homogeneidade pelos estágios citados, permitindo que se coloque como hipótese a ser testada em futuros estudos, que as empresas apresentam, no seu conjunto, uma trajetória de evolução no que concerne à visão holística de suas atividades e atuações na sociedade. Também foram observados mecanismos de evolução diferenciados e fatores limitantes para esta evolução. Finalmente, foi possível apresentar, através de deduções baseadas nos dados e nas teorias, também como hipótese a ser testada, que as empresas podem alcançar ganhos em diversas dimensões, ao utilizar uma abordagem holística nas suas práticas. Este estudo ajuda a cobrir uma lacuna importante das teorias administrativas modernas, qual seja, lidar com um mundo complexo, com ferramentais racionais, sem destruir o que caracteriza esta complexidade, a natureza holística da realidade.This thesis aimed to identify evidence of a holistic approach in the managerial practices of companies, contribute to the construction of a model with holistic characteristics to guide the design of managerial practices, and classify companies in regards to the the institutionalization stage of the use of elements of holistic approach in their practices. Holism has ancient roots, but its modern meaning was defined by South African thinker and statesman J.C. Smuts, in his book Holism and Evolution, published in 1926. Smuts considers holism as a factor that guides the evolution of the entire universe, with the formation of structures that can only be properly treated as wholes , in a sequence which starts with matter and life, continues through human personality, and finally reaches supra-individual organizations and human value systems. In epistemological terms, holism opposes reductionism, be it in Natural Sciences (atomism), and in Social Sciences (individualism). After Smuts, several authors explored holism, such as Quine (1951), Weil (1991), Esfeld (2001) and Descombes (2014). In regards to Administration, Savory (1999) approaches holism with particular focus on environmental issues. In Brazil, Almada et al (2004), Aligleri et al (2008), Cunha e Corrêa (2010), among others, with focus in different administrative activities, have made allusions which explore holistic approaches in management, such as viewing the companies as totalities, as well as the connections between those totalities. This qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research utilized an interpretative approach, which helped the researcher understand a reality which contains objective as well as subjective aspects. Twenty companies were researched, chosen randomly among companies within the Novo Mercado segment of the BM&F Bovespa (São Paulo Stock Exchange), which has strict corporate rules. Data was collected in the companies\' annual reports and other documents available in the companies\' websites. Information collected was not restricted to general data about the companies, but also included managerial practices, sustainability and corporate and social responsibility. The Theory of Institutionalization provided criteria to classify companies, in various stages of institutionalization, in regards to the use of holistic approach in their practices. In order to obtain this classification, it was necessary to build a model, or prototype for holistic evaluation, as no such model had been found in previous studies. This prototype, the first result of the research, was built through comparisons between holistic principles, taken from the work of Smuts, with the Theory of Systems, the Theory of Cybernetics and Complexity, and the Theory of Stakeholders. After careful analysis of the companies\' practices, the research suggests that future studies should include an evaluation of the companies\' holistic approach of their activities and social endeavors. Also observed were different evolution mechanisms and factors that could limit this evolution. Finally, it was possible to present, based on deductions on data and theories, a hypothesis to be tested that companies can benefit by utilizing holistic approach in their practices. This study fills an important void in modern business theories, helping companies deal with a complex world using rational tools, which do not harm the complexity of the holistic nature of reality.
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Buening, Jonathan Gregory. "Non-Academic Differences Between Public and Private High Schools: The Importance of School Climate." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1407431953.
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Krikorian, Maryann. "The Development of the Scale of Contemplative Practice in Higher Education." Chapman University Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/ces_dissertations/8.
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Some scholars have formed a more expansive view of knowledge that moves beyond the cognitive notion of intellect. For example, emotional intelligence (EI) theory posits that human intelligence encompasses both cognitive and emotional competencies, providing a framework for the concept of contemplative practices in an endeavor to support an eclectic understanding of cognition. Contemplative practices may benefit graduate student disposition and inform areas of educator preparation through the use of emotional adeptness in higher education. The purpose of this study was to: (a) develop a self-report measure: Scale of Contemplative Practice in Higher Education (SCOPE); (b) address the issues of validity and reliability related to the SCOPE; and (c) expand the understanding of contemplative practices in the literature. Data collected from an extensive review of the literature, reference to personal experiences, and consultation with an expert panel were used to generate scale items. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the factor model. Analyses resulted in a 30-item factor model with strong reliabilities.
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Beausoleil, Kent Alan SJ. "Transforming Lives: Attending to the Spirit of College Students from Dysfunctional and/or Abusive Young Adult Formational Experiences." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1416579119.
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Chatikobo, Tapiwa H. "Evaluating holistic management in Hwange communal lands, Zimbabwe : an actor-oriented livelihood approach, incorporating everyday politics and resistance." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97083.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Rangelands in the semi-arid and arid regions of the world support livelihoods through their provision of multiple goods and services. Livestock production, for example, occurs in rangelands both as extensive ranching under freehold tenure and as collective ranching under communal tenure systems. However, the sustainability of rangelands is threatened and has been a major concern this century, leading to a variety of interventions. Holistic management (HM) is one such example, designed by its proponents as a panacea to halt degradation and, recently, climate change effects in the rangelands of Africa and beyond. HM has been implemented in the Hwange Communal Lands (HCLs) of Zimbabwe since 2010. In principle, the programme is aimed at restoring degraded watersheds and croplands through utilising properly managed livestock. To achieve this, two principles are promoted under HM, namely (i) holistic planned grazing (HPG) and (ii) animal impaction of crop fields. However, the effects of HM on the livelihoods of its beneficiaries currently are poorly understood. In order to address this lacuna, this study aimed to determine both the intended and unintended effects of a community-based land restoration programme called Holistic Land and Livestock Management (HLLM) in the HCLs of Zimbabwe on the livelihoods of its beneficiaries through a conceptual framework that combined an actor-oriented livelihoods approach with concepts of everyday politics and resistance. This was done by exploring the impact of HLLM on the six types of farmers’ assets, adoption patterns, farmers’ reactions to the introduction of HLLM, and challenges preventing farmers from adopting HLLM. Case studies employing a qualitative and exploratory research design were undertaken in three communities that were selected purposively from a total of 18 communities in which the HLLM programme had been promoted by the Africa Centre for Holistic Management (ACHM) in order to discover different perspectives on the effects of the programme on the livelihoods of its beneficiaries. The study employed qualitative Participatory Rural Appraisal tools, focus group discussions, participant observation, document analysis, and key informant and semi-structured interviews. These lines of enquiry enabled triangulation and cross-checking of information to enhance the reliability and validity of the research findings. The study showed that adoption levels were disappointingly low across all the study sites. Several challenges, including livestock diseases, predation, cultural stigma, labour constraints and witchcraft fears, were among the barriers explaining the low rate of adoption in the HCLs. The findings reveal that the farmers were concerned more with immediate problems, especially lack of water, than with land degradation, which is the primary focus of HLLM. Thus the farmers responded by complying, accommodating and covertly resisting the ACHM’s efforts to implement HLLM in order to suit their needs, using creative everyday politics and resistance. The study concludes that, although HLLM is required in such semi-arid environments, it is not sufficient to sustain rural livelihoods in its current state. While the main focus of HLLM is to improve the natural capital (i.e. restoring degraded watersheds), it should be complemented by and aligned with the farmers’ other development priorities, especially those relating to water
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:Weiveld in die halfdor- en dor gebiede van die wêreld ondersteun menslike lewensbestaan deur die verskaffing van ’n verskeidenheid goedere en dienste. Veeproduksie, byvoorbeeld, kom in weivelde voor as beide ekstensiewe veldbeesboerdery onder grondbesit en kollektiewe veldbeesboerdery onder gemeenskaplike eiendomsreg. Die volhoubaarheid van weiveld word egter bedreig en het in hierdie eeu ’n groot bron van kommer geword, wat gelei het tot ’n verskeidenheid ingrypings. Holistiese bestuur (Holistic management (HM)) is een van hierdie en is deur sy voorstanders ontwerp as ’n wondermiddel om degradasie, en meer onlangs die effekte van klimaatsverandering op die weivelde van Afrika en verder, stop te sit. HM is reeds sedert 2010 in die Hwange gemeenskaplike gronde (HGG’e) in Zimbabwe geïmplementeer. In beginsel is die doel van die program om gedegradeerde waterskeidings en landerye te herstel deur gebruik te maak van behoorlik bestuurde vee. Om dit te bereik word twee beginsels onder HM bevorder, naamlik (i) holisties beplande weiding (holistic planned grazing (HPG)) en (ii) dier-impaksie van landerye (animal impaction of crop fields). Die effekte van HM op die lewensbestaan van sy begunstigdes word tans egter swak begryp. Om hierdie leemte aan te spreek, was die doel van hierdie studie om die bedoelde en onbedoelde gevolge van ’n gemeenskapsgebaseerde grondherstelprogram (Holistic Land and Livestock Management (HLLM)) in die HGG’e van Zimbabwe op die lewensbestaan van die begunstigdes te bepaal deur middel van ’n konseptuele raamwerk wat ’n akteur-georiënteerde lewensbestaansbenadering met konsepte van alledaagse politiek en weerstand gekombineer het. Dít is gedoen deur die impak van HLLM op ses soorte van bates wat boere het, hulle aannemingspatrone, boere se reaksies op die invoering van HLLM, en uitdagings wat verhoed het dat boere HLLM aanneem, te ondersoek. Gevallestudies met gebruik van ’n kwalitatiewe en verkennende navorsingsontwerp is in drie gemeenskappe onderneem wat doelbewus uit ’n totaal van 18 gemeenskappe waarin die HLLM-program deur die Africa Centre for Holistic Management (ACHM) bevorder word, geselekteer is om verskillende perspektiewe van die effekte van die program op die lewensbestaan van die begunstigdes te ontdek. Die studie het kwalitatiewe Deelnemende Landelike Takseringsgereedskap (Participatory Rural Appraisal), fokusgroepbesprekings, deelnemerwaarneming, dokument analise en sleutel-informant en semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude gebruik. Hierdie ondersoeklyne het triangulasie en kruiskontrole van die inligting moontlik gemaak, wat die betroubaarheid en geldigheid van die navorsingsbevindings verhoog het. Die studie toon dat aannemingsvlakke teleurstellend laag was in al die studieliggings. Verskeie uitdagings, insluitend veesiektes, predasie, kulturele stigma, arbeidsbeperkings en vrese vir heksery was onder die hindernisse wat die lae aannemingstempo in die HGG’e verklaar. Die bevindinge wys dat die boere meer besorgd was oor onmiddellike probleme, veral die tekort aan water, as oor grondagteruitgang, wat die vernaamste fokus van HLLM is. Die boere het dus gereageer deur instemming, aanpassing en onderlangse weerstandbieding tot die ACHM se pogings om HLLM te implementeer om sodoende hulle eie behoeftes te pas deur kreatiewe alledaagse politiek en weerstand te gebruik. Die studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat hoewel HLLM in sulke halfdor omgewings nodig is, dit nie in sy huidige staat voldoende is om landelike lewensbestaan te onderhou nie. Hoewel die vernaamste fokus van HLLM is om die natuurlike kapitaal te verbeter (m.a.w. deur gedegradeerde waterskeidings te herstel), moet hierdie rol gekomplementeer word deur en belyn word met die boere se ander ontwikkelingsprioriteite, veral dié wat verband hou met water.
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Filimonau, Viachaslau. "Reviewing the carbon footprint assessment of tourism : developing and evaluating life cycle assessment (LCA) to introduce a more holistic approach to existing methodologies." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2011. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/18839/.
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It is universally recognised that, globally, the tourism industry is a noticeable contributor to the carbon footprint. The magnitudes of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from specific tourism products and services at local levels are less established and large variations in estimates exist. Diversity of the tourism sector, constraints in data procurement and under-development of methods for tourism carbon impact appraisal are the primary reasons. These hinder accurate evaluations and hamper development of reliable carbon performance indicators, thus making direct comparisons between tourism products and services difficult. The issue of the ‘indirect’ carbon impacts, additional carbon requirements from the nonuse phases of a product or service life cycle, which can be further magnified by the supply chain, is of special concern. These carbon footprints have never been comprehensively assessed in tourism, especially at the level of specific products and services. The evidence from the non-tourism literature suggests that the ‘indirect’ carbon impacts from tourism-related activities can be high, thus calling for more indepth research on this issue. The aim of this study is to contribute to the development of reliable carbon footprint assessment methodologies in tourism. It proposes an approach for more holistic estimates of GHG emissions from tourism products and services and appraises the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method whose merit in estimating the ‘indirect’ carbon impacts is broadly recognised. The evidence of the application of LCA in tourism is limited. To test the viability of a new technique in the tourism context, the study employs a case study approach and applies a simplified derivative of LCA, Life Cycle Energy Analysis (LCEA), to assess the carbon footprint from a popular tourism product, a holiday package tour. LCEA is compared against existing methodological alternatives for estimating carbon footprints from holiday travel. This is to understand strengths and weaknesses in the LCA (LCEA) approach, to critically evaluate the new technique compared to the alternatives, and to identify the most accurate and cost-effective method for holistic assessment. The assessment results demonstrate the importance of the ‘indirect’ GHG emissions in tourism. The findings also show that, despite the new outlook it brings to tourism carbon footprint appraisal, LCEA cannot effectively capture the full range of carbon impacts. This is because a number of methodological inconsistencies affect the accuracy of estimates. As limitations are also typical for the more established methodological alternatives, a new, hybrid LCEA-related assessment approach is developed. It is argued that this hybrid method can address the identified methodological shortcomings, thus representing currently the most rigorous technique for carbon impact appraisal in tourism. This study does more than reinforcing the methodological base for tourism carbon footprint assessment by developing a new method. It provides recommendations on how to improve the general quality and enhance the reliability of LCA (LCEA) for application in other industries where it has a long-standing tradition of use. Directions are also proposed on how to refine collection of the input data for carbon footprint assessment in tourism, in order to obtain more accurate results and reduce uncertainty in estimates. Last but not least, suggestions are made on how to integrate more carbon-effective practices in the design of specific tourism products and services.