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Journal articles on the topic 'Holiday travellers'
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Björk, Peter, and Hannele Kauppinen-Räisänen. "A destination’s gastronomy as a means for holiday well-being." British Food Journal 119, no. 7 (July 3, 2017): 1578–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-09-2016-0394.
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Purpose To provide insights into holiday well-being, the purpose of this paper is to examine two inevitable traveller activities related to destinations’ gastronomy: pre-trip food information sourcing and the daily meals consumed. Design/methodology/approach A survey was carried out among 243 Finnish travellers. The findings are based on univariate analysis (t-test, ANOVA and regression analysis). Findings Pre-trip behaviour to ensure holiday well-being is based on travellers’ interests in food, an emotional desire for a sense of safety and a functional desire for convenience, while they collect information from the internet and guidebooks about recommended food places and local food as well as food safety and price level. Travellers’ place the highest importance on dinner for their holiday well-being, especially foodies – those travellers with a keen interest in food. Breakfast is the second most important meal contributing to holiday well-being. Practical implications These findings inform destination marketing organisations about what food dimensions they should emphasise in destination gastronomy-related marketing communication for tour operators and hotel and local restaurants about the essence of dinner and breakfast for holiday well-being. Originality/value The study provides insights into the role of destinations’ gastronomy in holiday well-being, which deserves to be studied in the current era of experiences and food interest.
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Gillingham, Emma L., Benjamin Cull, Maaike E. Pietzsch, L. Paul Phipps, Jolyon M. Medlock, and Kayleigh Hansford. "The Unexpected Holiday Souvenir: The Public Health Risk to UK Travellers from Ticks Acquired Overseas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 29, 2020): 7957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217957.
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Overseas travel to regions where ticks are found can increase travellers’ exposure to ticks and pathogens that may be unfamiliar to medical professionals in their home countries. Previous studies have detailed non-native tick species removed from recently returned travellers, occasionally leading to travel-associated human cases of exotic tick-borne disease. There are 20 species of tick endemic to the UK, yet UK travellers can be exposed to many other non-native species whilst overseas. Here, we report ticks received by Public Health England’s Tick Surveillance Scheme from humans with recent travel history between January 2006 and December 2018. Altogether, 16 tick species were received from people who had recently travelled overseas. Confirmed imports (acquired outside of the UK) were received from people who recently travelled to 22 countries. Possible imports (acquired abroad or within the UK) were received from people who had recently travelled to eight European countries. Species-specific literature reviews highlighted nine of the sixteen tick species are known to vector at least one tick-borne pathogen to humans in the country of acquisition, suggesting travellers exposed to ticks may be at risk of being bitten by a species that is a known vector, with implications for novel tick-borne disease transmission to travellers.
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Heimtun, Bente, and Fiona Jordan. "‘Wish YOU Weren’t Here!’: Interpersonal Conflicts and the Touristic Experiences of Norwegian and British Women Travelling with Friends." Tourist Studies 11, no. 3 (December 2011): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797611431504.
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Tourism is often portrayed by the tourism industry, tourists themselves and tourism scholars as a liminoid site of escape, happiness and freedom from constraint. For many, however, holidays do not live up to this expectation. This paper challenges the dominant tourism discourse of holidays as sites of unproblematic pleasure in examining contestation, conflicts and negotiations between women and their travelling companions. Drawing on conceptualizations of in-group interpersonal conflicts and theorization of the mobile social identities of women travellers, we explore the impact of holiday conflicts on women’s holiday experiences and friendships. The findings of this qualitative study of female tourists from Norway and the UK suggest that women adopt various strategies to deal with open and hidden conflicts that may threaten their friendships and holiday experiences. Such strategies include avoidance of conflict through compromise, negotiation of appropriate holiday behaviours prior to travel, or ultimately choosing to travel solo.
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Ezeuduji, Ikechukwu O. "Choice of Intermediary for Leisure Travel Arrangements." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 7, no. 5(J) (October 30, 2015): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v7i5(j).607.
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Travellers can plan and arrange holidays themselves online or through the supplier, or use the services of a travel organizer, such as a travel agent. Consumers of travel services will seek to optimize choices by selecting a distribution channel which will provide them with the greatest perceived value. The primary goal of this study is to explore the underlying factors that influence consumer behaviour in making travel decisions, with specific reference to choosing between booking through a travel agent or online. Research with a perspective on travel decision-making in South Africa is limited. This study surveyed 408 respondents residing in South Africa using a structured questionnaire examining preference in booking holiday flights or accommodation through a travel agent or Internet. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify factors influencing traveller decision-making. Factors that influence travel decision-making were identified to include ‘trust’, ‘convenience and adoption of technology’, ‘best deal and price’, and ‘personal contact’. Travellers who preferred booking through the Internet found the potential of technology to save time and effort and to be convenient, due to the Internet being available day and night, important advantages of booking online. Travellers who preferred booking through a travel agent placed a premium on personal contact and social interaction between traveller and travel agent. They further valued the travel experience and ability of the travel agent to group transactions.
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Imrie, Allison. "Dengue introduced by travellers, Australia." Microbiology Australia 39, no. 2 (2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma18019.
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Dengue is a mosquito-borne acute viral infection that can develop into a potentially lethal complication known as severe dengue. It is endemic in more than 100 tropical and subtropical countries where the mosquito vectors, predominantly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, are found. Non-immune travellers are at risk of infection and with the rise in international travel and the availability of cheap holiday packages to endemic countries, many of which are popular tourist destinations, there has been a significant increase in spread of dengue viruses.
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Clarke, Nick. "Free independent travellers? British working holiday makers in Australia." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 29, no. 4 (December 2004): 499–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.00202754.2004.00144.x.
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Chapman, P. A., and Deborah L. Mitchelmore. "A two-year survey of the incidence of heat-labile enterotoxin-producingEscherichia coliand other enteric pathogens in travellers returning to the Sheffield area." Epidemiology and Infection 101, no. 2 (October 1988): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800054157.
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SUMMARYA case-controlled study of the incidence of heat-labile enterotoxin-producingEscherichia coli(LT+ETEC) and other enteric pathogens in travellers returning to the Sheffield area was conducted from May 1984 to April 1986. LT+ETEC were found in 35 (5.8%) of 600 travellers to developed countries (mainly popular Mediterranean holiday resorts), 36 (11.3%) of 320 travellers to less-developed countries, and 11 (0.9%) of 1282 control patients whose illness was not associated with recent travel abroad. A seasonal peak of LT+ETEC infection was observed only in travellers to developed countries, with infections being significantly commoner in August to October. There was no significant deviation from expected age/sex distribution of LT+ETEC infection. Strains of LT+ETEC from travellers produced more toxin than strains from control patients, strains from travellers to less-developed countries producing most of all.
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Bianchi, Constanza. "Solo Holiday Travellers: Motivators and Drivers of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction." International Journal of Tourism Research 18, no. 2 (May 22, 2015): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2049.
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Falk, Martin Thomas, and Eva Hagsten. "Determinants of CO2 emissions generated by air travel vary across reasons for the trip." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 18 (January 12, 2021): 22969–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12219-4.
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AbstractThis study estimates factors of importance for the carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions generated by travellers flying for different reasons based on representative Austrian micro data for the period 2014–2016. The annual average number of flights taken by adults vary between 0.1 (visiting friends) and 0.8 (going on holiday), and the amount of CO2e emissions generated by each return flight is approximately 1100 kg. This leads to a total of 6 million tonnes CO2e emissions per year. Results of the Pseudo Poisson Maximum Likelihood estimations reveal that the amount of CO2e emissions created is related to socio-demographic, locational and seasonal factors, although mainly for the largest group of travellers: the holiday makers. In this group, individuals with university degrees, young persons (16–24 years) and capital city residents generate the largest amounts of emissions, as opposed to persons with children and large households. Residents of the capital region each quarter cause 64 kg more CO2e emissions than inhabitants of rural areas, persons with university degrees create 74 kg larger emissions than those without degrees and young adults instigate 90 kg more emissions than middle-aged persons. CO2e emissions of holiday flights are highest in the first quarter of the year. The importance of education is also pronounced for CO2e emissions related to business travel, as is gender.
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Cartwright, Rodney. "Reducing the Health Risks Associated with Travel." Tourism Economics 6, no. 2 (June 2000): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000000101297550.
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All travel has associated health risks that need to be recognized not only by travellers, but also by tour operators and governments. In this context, the author considers some of the infections that have been contracted by package holiday tourists from the UK. With 15 million package holidays sold in the UK each year and increasing consumer concern about health risks, health is now a major factor in customer satisfaction. Media exposure and possible legal action when expectations are not met mean that the need to reduce the health risks associated with travel is crucial for the tourism industry as well as for travellers themselves. This paper sets out the main hazards and risks and examines what actions can and should be taken by tour operators, destination countries, and tourists. The author stresses the importance of ensuring a proper health infrastructure in the development of tourist areas; the need for operators to stipulate minimum hotel standards, backed up by regular auditing; the responsibility of tourists to ensure that they do not expose themselves to unnecessary risks; and the significance of surveillance systems in the control of travel-related diseases.
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Danaher, P. A. "Travellers Under the Southern Cross: Australian Show People, National Identities and Difference." Queensland Review 8, no. 1 (May 2001): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600002385.
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I am writing this paper on 26 January 2001 in the Queensland regional city Rockhampton. This is a public holiday for most Australians, Australia Day in the year of the centenary of Federation for many Australians, and Invasion Day for some Australians. This complex variety of attitudes to a single date encapsulates some of the themes to be explored in this paper.
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MUGHINI-GRAS, L., J. H. SMID, J. A. WAGENAAR, A. DE BOER, A. H. HAVELAAR, I. H. M. FRIESEMA, N. P. FRENCH, C. GRAZIANI, L. BUSANI, and W. VAN PELT. "Campylobacteriosis in returning travellers and potential secondary transmission of exotic strains." Epidemiology and Infection 142, no. 6 (August 21, 2013): 1277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813002069.
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SUMMARYMultilocus sequence types (STs) were determined for 232 and 737Campylobacter jejuni/coliisolates from Dutch travellers and domestically acquired cases, respectively. Putative risk factors for travel-related campylobacteriosis, and for domestically acquired campylobacteriosis caused by exotic STs (putatively carried by returning travellers), were investigated. Travelling to Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Southern Europe significantly increased the risk of acquiring campylobacteriosis compared to travelling within Western Europe. Besides eating chicken, using antacids, and having chronic enteropathies, we identified eating vegetable salad outside Europe, drinking bottled water in high-risk destinations, and handling/eating undercooked pork as possible risk factors for travel-related campylobacteriosis. Factors associated with domestically acquired campylobacteriosis caused by exotic STs involved predominantly person-to-person contacts around popular holiday periods. We concluded that putative determinants of travel-related campylobacteriosis differ from those of domestically acquired infections and that returning travellers may carry several exotic strains that might subsequently spread to domestic populations even through limited person-to-person transmission.
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Bausch, Thomas, and Carolin Unseld. "Winter tourism in Germany is much more than skiing! Consumer motives and implications to Alpine destination marketing." Journal of Vacation Marketing 24, no. 3 (February 9, 2017): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766717691806.
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Winter sports tourism is a key economic factor in many mountain regions worldwide. Research to date has concentrated on economic and environmental questions related to winter sports and winter outdoor activities, with the impacts of climate change and adaptation strategies being the dominant fields of discussion. An analysis of German winter holidays indicates that winter sports are only one of several product types. The fact that the majority of German travellers prefer long-haul warm weather destinations in the winter raises the question of triggering factors for winter holiday trips. A qualitative study based on a Germany-wide online discussion forum analyses all aspects of winter trips. It centres on people’s everyday life during the winter and their linked emotions, travel motives, destination choices and general expectations, in particular with relation to trips to Alpine destinations. The results show that the grey winter weather and factors such as cold, humidity, lack of sun and dull atmosphere are the dominant factors in the desire to escape on a holiday trip. Non-skiers expect snow-covered landscapes and an environment conducive to relaxation-related activities and are therefore likely to be looking for sustainable winter products. This supports Alpine destination managers who are developing sustainable winter products in addition to winter sports in order to become more competitive in the non-skier market.
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Sheen, Prof Aali J., M. Saad B. Zahid, Andrew Fagbemi, Catherine Fullwood, and Kathryn Whitehead. "‘Holiday sickness’—reported exploratory outcome of over 500 United Kingdom holidaymakers with travellers’ diarrhoea." Journal of Travel Medicine 24, no. 1 (January 2017): taw077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taw077.
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Truong, Thuy-Huong. "Assessing holiday satisfaction of Australian travellers in Vietnam: An application of the HOLSAT model." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 10, no. 3 (September 2005): 227–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10941660500309572.
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Gladden, Graham P. "Post Second World War trans-Atlantic travel for business and pleasure: Cunard and its airline competitors." Journal of Transport History 41, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 160–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526619883804.
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Over time the shipping lines grew to see the Atlantic as their own: a space they controlled in terms of the travellers’ experience. Following the end of the Second World War, UK-based Cunard (one of the largest passenger lines) sought to re-establish business very much as in the 1930s. The emergent airline industry used the language and imagery of the shipping lines to build their customer base whilst making much of the benefits of shorter crossing times for both business travellers and those on holiday. In contrast, shipping lines such as Cunard struggled to come to terms with the demise of a market based on one mode of transport. Whilst making moves to enter the airline business, the company believed that ships would retain significant market share of the trans-Atlantic market. Eventually the company declared that “people who need transport will use the air … ships are for leisure”.
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Thai, Nguyen T., and Ulku Yuksel. "Choice overload in holiday destination choices." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 11, no. 1 (March 6, 2017): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-09-2015-0117.
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Purpose This research aims to investigates whether and why choice overload (CO) occurs when people select a vacation destination. Design/methodology/approach This is a two-group (large choice-set vs small choice-set) between-subject factorial design. Dependent variables representing CO-effects are post-choice satisfaction and regret. Choice confusion and choice uncertainty are mediators. Findings Relative to people choosing from a small destination portfolio, people who choose from a large portfolio are less satisfied and more regretful about their choice. Choosing from a large choice-set confuses people, which then makes them less certain about their choice, and subsequently, have less satisfaction and more regret about their decision. Practical implications A critical consideration is essential when providing a number of destination choices to tourists. A few destinations should be offered in a travel portfolio. If the number of destination offers must remain large, travel agents should cluster these offers based on a market segmentation analysis to ease the decision-making process for travellers. Originality/value The findings add to evidence of CO-effects to the current literature of travel destination choice, and contribute to CO literature by showing evidence of CO-effects in complex service contexts, especially in holiday destination choices. This study is the first to provide evidence of CO-effects at the early stages of the travel destination decision-making process; it uses hypothetical destinations to avoid potential confounds associated with real destinations; and it measures CO-effects via post-choice satisfaction and regret. In addition, while the only available study on CO in tourism (Park and Jang, 2013) does not explain why CO-effects occur, this research provides and explains the psychological underlying process of the CO phenomenon in destination choice-making.
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Daniels, David G., Phillip Kell, Mark R. Nelson, and Simon E. Barton. "Sexual Behaviour Amongst Travellers: A Study of Genitourinary Medicine Clinic Attenders." International Journal of STD & AIDS 3, no. 6 (November 1992): 437–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095646249200300608.
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Two hundred and fifty attendees at two London genitourinary medicine clinics were asked to complete an anonymous self-administered questionnaire, enquiring about sexual behaviour whilst abroad. Two hundred and forty-three questionnaires were evaluable. In the study group there were 116 women, and 127 men (62 heterosexuals and 65 homosexuals). Ninety women, 53 heterosexual men and 53 homosexual men had travelled abroad over the preceding 6 months. Of these 18 (20%) of women, 26 (51%) of heterosexual men and 19 (36%) of homosexual men had sex with a local foreign contact on holiday. Although both heterosexual and homosexual men were statistically more likely to have sex abroad with a local inhabitant, women were more likely to have unprotected sexual intercourse with a local partner. This has important implications for the spread of sexually transmitted disease including hepatitis B and HIV.
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Abdul Rahim, Fitriya, Teck Chai Lau, and David Ching Yat Ng. "E-Tourism: Malaysian travellers intention in online accommodation booking." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, SI1 (June 1, 2020): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5isi1.2320.
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A great number of tourists has embraced online travel booking. This paper examines the influence of four factors, namely credibility, trustworthiness, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use on booking intention and explores whether the attitude mediates the relationship between trustworthiness and booking intention. A total of 191 completed and usable questionnaires from holidaymakers in Malaysia were collected. The results showed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have a significant positive relationship with the booking intention. The result also highlighted that attitude partially mediates the relationship between trustworthiness and booking intention. The paper concludes with a discussion on managerial implications and suggestions to address this issue. Keywords: holiday accommodations, holidaymakers, online booking, online information search. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI1.2320
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Chand, Meera. "The dangers of itchy feet: Parasitic infections imported by returning travellers." Biochemist 31, no. 4 (August 1, 2009): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio03104004.
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One of the patients seen recently at our tropical disease clinic complained of a lump in the groin. He had just returned from a fishing holiday in the Okavango delta of Botswana, where he had swum in the river and eaten self-made sushi from freshly caught bream. Over the next few days, the lump moved to his knee and ankle and then chest, leaving a red itchy track in its wake. After a dose of trial treatment, it appeared on his neck, moved on to his face and was felt inside his nose. A day later, a small, white larva popped out of the skin of his face. This was a larva of Gnathostoma spinigerum, a parasitic nematode, which he had probably consumed in the raw fish (Figure 1)1. Although his disease was relatively mild, this larva can also use its sharp hooked head to burrow through the viscera, including the eye or brain, leaving a haemorrhagic track which can be fatal.
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Yetim, Ayşe Çelik. "Determining the benefits of adventure tourism from a providers’ perspective in Fethiye." Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues 7, no. 1 (April 12, 2017): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjbem.v7i1.1390.
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There has been a significant growth in adventure tourism globally in recent years including Turkey. Fethiye is a good example of this trend as the resort has great potential for adventure tourism. Adventure tourism helps holiday destinations to attract sustainable tourism management in comparison with the traditional sea, sun and sand form of tourism. The specific aim of this study is to reveal the benefits of adventure tourism for the adventure traveller and for the providing organization too. Questionnaire technique was used to gather data. The questionnaire was directed and employed towards the service providers. Data was collated between May and October 2014 and 161 questionnaires were completed via face to face survey methodology. Adventure travel/ traveller benefits were ascertained from enquiries appertaining to: experience, activity, environment and other miscellaneous factors. Findings of the survey identified that the greatest benefits of adventure tourism for the providing organisations were 'self actualization' and 'supporting culture and environment' both of which, from statistical analysis, appeared to have a direct impact on increased business opportunity and growth market potential. As a result of this study, it is surmised that the provision of serving such destinations with adventure tourism should be of significant benefit to travellers and service providers alike.Keywords: Adventure tourism, benefits of adventure tourism, adventure-based leisure/recreation, service providers.
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Qi, Cong, Zhenjun Zhu, Xiucheng Guo, Ruiying Lu, and Junlan Chen. "Examining Interrelationships between Tourist Travel Mode and Trip Chain Choices Using the Nested Logit Model." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 12, 2020): 7535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187535.
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As tourism grows, determining methods to ease traffic problems as a result of domestic tourism holidays has become a central issue in traffic planning and management. Trip chain and travel mode choices as well as their interplays are crucial in analysing and understanding the travel behaviour of tourists, which can help to address these problems. Therefore, this study explored the relationship between destination transportation modes and trip chain choices using nested logit models wherein two nest structures were used to analyse the decision processes of travellers. Empirical analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the rational model using survey data collected from 350 respondents in Nanjing, China in 2020. The results showed that tourists preferred deciding on the trip chain prior to the travel mode, and higher time and costs were acceptable when tourists selected a complex trip chain with tour activities. Moreover, non-local tourists owning a driver’s licence, travelling with companions, and staying for longer periods were more likely to use public transport with trip chains comprising tour activities; however, the relationship for trip chains with non-tour activities was the reverse. These findings are valuable for designing effective transport management strategies to ease traffic during holiday periods.
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León, Carmelo J., Yen E. Lam-González, Carmen García Galindo, and Matías M. González Hernández. "Measuring the Impact of Infectious Diseases on Tourists’ Willingness to Pay to Visit Island Destinations." Atmosphere 11, no. 10 (October 18, 2020): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101117.
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The occurrence of infectious diseases may change tourists’ perceptions of a destination’s image and value. This article proposes and empirically tests a choice model to measure the effect of the risk of infectious disease outbreaks caused by climate change on tourists’ willingness to pay for holidays to island destinations. With this aim, an online survey was administrated to 2538 European frequent travellers at their country of residence. Tourists were presented with a hypothetical situation whereby they had to choose among eleven well-known European island destinations for their next holiday. The choice cards included the probability of the occurrence of infectious disease events in the context of other potential risks caused by climate change (i.e., forest fires, floods, heat waves, etc.). The results show infectious disease is the risk that more negatively affects tourists’ willingness to pay to visit islands, followed by forest fires. The results have implications for tourism policy, highlighting the importance of prevention and response strategies, and the design of climate-oriented services, which may raise opportunities to work towards the enhancement of those health and environmental conditions of tourist destinations that ensure their sustainability in the longer term.
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Levy, Ron, Johann Pitout, Patricia Long, and M. John Gill. "Late Presentation ofCryptococcus gattiiMeningitis in a Traveller to Vancouver Island: A Case Report." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 18, no. 3 (2007): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/319296.
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Since 1999,Cryptococcus gattiihas been identified as a primary pathogen on Vancouver Island in British Columbia, and it has resulted in infection of both people and animals living in that area. A previously healthy 45-year-old female resident of Alberta developedC gattiiinfection 11 months after travelling to an endemic region of Vancouver Island. A case of an immunocompetent patient, with an atypically long incubation time, who presented with subacute meningitis secondary to disseminated pulmonary cryptococcosis is presented. The present report highlights the need for clinical vigilance in treating patients presenting with atypical pulmonary infections or meningitis who have been holiday travellers to endemic areas of Vancouver Island.
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Björk, Peter, and Hannele Kauppinen-Räisänen. "Local food: a source for destination attraction." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 28, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 177–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-05-2014-0214.
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Purpose This study aims to explore factors affecting travellers’ food-related behaviour by focusing on the local food market. By doing so, the study contributes to the research on food experience in tourism and food-based regional development. The local food phenomenon presents essential research issues from various perspectives. Design/methodology/approach A self-administered questionnaire provided to attendees of a travel fair gauges respondents’ food attitudes and food-related behaviour related to information sourcing and perceptions of food experiences. Findings The study reveals three types of food-related behaviour. Experiencers are committed; they perceive food as essential to destination choices. They search for food-related information before their trips and value originality, newness and locality, as well as authenticity and uniqueness in local food, which eventually have an impact on travel satisfaction. Enjoyers have more casual attitudes towards food, though they view it as an important aspect of their holiday. For survivors, the local food of their destination serves mainly physiological needs. Practical implications Travellers’ food-related attitudes vary, and they behave according to these variations. This information serves as a means to brand hospitality and tourism businesses. Local food attracts travellers and it contributes to the tourist experience, indicating marketing potential for hospitality industries, tourism business and regional development. Originality/value This study adds to tourism research by exploring the effect of food attitudes on behaviours related to local food and local food markets. In particular, it highlights information sourcing, including local food and restaurants, and reveals food and eating characteristics that contribute to various types of travellers’ local food experiences, which have received little prior research attention.
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D’Egidio, Angela. "The tourist gaze in English, Italian and German travel articles about Puglia: A corpus-based study." ICAME Journal 38, no. 1 (April 28, 2014): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/icame-2014-0003.
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Abstract This paper shows how online travel articles may provide important insights into how a tourist destination is perceived and to what extent what is known as the ‘tourist gaze’ may be used to recontextualise tourist material in order to produce more effective tourist texts, which meet receivers’ expectations. For this purpose, three comparable corpora of online travel articles in English, Italian and German language were assembled and analysed in order to understand the way ordinary travellers perceive and experience a tourist destination in Italy (Puglia) by taking language as a point of reference. The first fifteen words of the frequency lists in the three corpora highlighted what landmarks and elements of attraction English, Italian and German travel writers gaze at while on holiday in Puglia. The analysis demonstrated that the Italian tourist gaze is different from the English and German tourist gazes, since not all of them focus on the same landscapes, and even when they gaze at the same sights, their perception and representation are often different. The similarities and differences between the ways the tourists behave suggest a distinction between a model of ‘global gaze’ embodied by English and German travellers, seen as ‘outsiders’, and a model of ‘local gaze’ embodied by Italian tourists, seen as ‘insiders'
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YLÄNNE-McEWEN, VIRPI. "‘Young at heart’: discourses of age identity in travel agency interaction." Ageing and Society 19, no. 4 (July 1999): 417–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x99007436.
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This paper examines, through discourse analysis at a micro level, how age identities become interactionally constructed through talk. After a brief overview of the constructivist arguments, the focus is on a single-case interaction between an older client couple and three travel agency assistants. The various means by which age is made salient by the participants and the ensuing age identities that are created for and by the couple in particular are investigated. The images of the ‘elderly’ as portrayed in holiday brochures, providing one dimension of the context of this encounter and being significant in older travellers' self-identity construction, are also looked at. It is argued that discourse analysis has a useful contribution to make in social gerontology in that it can illuminate the interactive processes through which ageing and old age can be defined.
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Medhekar, Anita, and Farooq Haq. "Medical Tourism Development in Dubai: Managing Challenges and Opportunities." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 4, no. 4 (October 20, 2016): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2016.4.4(3).
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Objective – International medical travel is one of the fastest growing and lucrative segments of the tourism industry of this century. In the past, affluent people from Middle Eastern countries travelled abroad to the UK or USA for medical surgery and not wealthy citizens from developed countries are seeking affordable, accessible, world class quality of healthcare with modern medical technology, no waiting lists and combining it with a holiday. Dubai has established itself as a destination that can offer all this to foreign medical travellers. Methodology/Technique This paper is exploratory in nature and provides a conceptual study to investigate the expansion, challenges and economic opportunities for developing, promoting and managing Dubai as a medical tourism destination, which is a unique contribution to the theory of medical tourism management. Findings The study indicated several interesting findings regarding challenges such as highly dependence of UAE on foreign human resources, providing safety to migrant workers, implementing integrated medical tourism policy, global health insurance transferability, establishing legal and regulatory issues and others. Novelty : This paper has presented ground breaking findings indicating the issues faced by the Dubai Government regarding the growth and sustainability of medical tourism.The lack of direct access to the Dubai Government and medical tourists is a limitation of this study. Type of Paper: Review Keywords: Dubai; Medical Travel; Tourism; Development; Healthcare Management.
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Skavronskaya, Liubov, Noel Scott, Brent Moyle, Dung Le, Arghavan Hadinejad, Rui Zhang, Sarah Gardiner, Alexandra Coghlan, and Aishath Shakeela. "Cognitive psychology and tourism research: state of the art." Tourism Review 72, no. 2 (June 19, 2017): 221–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-03-2017-0041.
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PurposeThis review aims to discuss concepts and theories from cognitive psychology, identifies tourism studies applying them and discusses key areas for future research. The paper aims to demonstrate the usefulness of cognitive psychology for understanding why tourists and particularly pleasure travellers demonstrate the behaviour they exhibit. Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews 165 papers from the cognitive psychology and literature regarding pleasure travel related to consciousness, mindfulness, flow, retrospection, prospection, attention, schema and memory, feelings and emotions. The papers are chosen to demonstrate the state of the art of the literature and provide guidance on how these concepts are vital for further research. FindingsThe paper demonstrates that research has favoured a behaviourist rather than cognitive approach to the study of hedonic travel. Cognitive psychology can help to understand the mental processes connecting perception of stimuli with behaviour. Numerous examples are provided: top-down and bottom-up attention processes help to understand advertising effectiveness, theories of consciousness and memory processes help to distinguish between lived and recalled experience, cognitive appraisal theory predicts the emotion elicited based on a small number of appraisal dimensions such as surprise and goals, knowledge of the mental organisation of autobiographical memory and schema support understanding of destination image formation and change and the effect of storytelling on decision-making, reconstructive bias in prospection or retrospection about a holiday inform the study of pleasurable experience. These findings indicate need for further cognitive psychology research in tourism generally and studies of holiday travel experiences. Research limitations/implicationsThis review is limited to cognitive psychology and excludes psychoanalytic studies. Practical implicationsCognitive psychology provides insight into key areas of practical importance. In general, the use of a cognitive approach allows further understanding of leisure tourists’ behaviour. The concept of attention is vital to understand destination advertising effectiveness, biases in memory process help to understand visitor satisfaction and experience design and so on. Use of cognitive psychology theory will lead to better practical outcomes for tourists seeking pleasurable experiences and destination managers. Originality valueThis is the first review that examines the application of concepts from cognitive psychology to the study of leisure tourism in particular. The concepts studied are also applicable to study of travellers generally.
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Di-Clemente, Elide, José Manuel Hernández-Mogollón, and Ana María Campón-Cerro. "Food-based experiences as antecedents of destination loyalty." British Food Journal 121, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 1495–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-07-2018-0419.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the value of experientiality as a determining factor for destination loyalty (LOYD) in the context of culinary tourism. The present research sees in memorability (MEM), Quality of Life (QoL) and place attachment (PA) experiential variables driving future loyal intentions to revisit a certain place. Design/methodology/approach The causal relationships between the concepts have been analysed using structural equation modelling and the partial least squares technique. Findings Results achieved confirmed that new concepts should be considered in order to reach a better understanding of the current experiential phenomenon and to provide destinations and practitioners with new strategies in line with the requirements of the sector and the modern consumers’ expectations. Research limitations/implications Due to the application of a convenience sample, results should be understood within the context of this case study. Practical implications The conclusion of this research highlights the importance of delivering food-based experiences to travellers with the aim of generating a positive impact in individuals’ lives, beyond the holiday time. This can result in QoL and PA which are strong antecedent of future loyal intentions towards a destination. Originality/value This work represent one the first attempts to measure the experiential value of food-based experiences lived on holidays and its effect on marketing results. This research outlines useful strategies for enhancing the competitiveness of destinations in the new experiential scenario.
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Madarász, Eszter, Judit Sulyok, and Éva Szmulai. "Naptej, fürdőruha… + helyi termék? A helyi termékek iránti kereslet a Balatont turisztikai céllal felkeresők körében : Suntan lotion, swimwear… + local products? The demand for local products among leisure travellers to Lake Balaton." Turizmus Bulletin 21, no. 2 (August 2021): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14267/turbull.2021v21n2.3.
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Napjainkban egyre több figyelmet kap az egészség, az egészséges életmód, melynek szerves része az egészséges, helyi alapanyagokra épülő étkezés. A nem élelmiszer jellegű termékek esetében is reneszánszát éljük a helyben, kis mennyiségben készült produktumoknak. Mindezen tendenciák éreztetik hatásukat a Balaton térségében: az elmúlt években zajlott fejlesztések kedveznek a helyi termékek iránti kereslet növekedésének – az igényeket a vendéglátóhelyek, a piacok és a fesztiválok autentikus termékekkel, szolgáltatásokkal, jó minőségű ajándéktárgyakkal igyekeznek kielégíteni. A helyi termékek autentikusan reprezentálhatják a célterületet, támogatják a fenntartható termelést és fogyasztást, és a turisztikai élménynek is van egy kézzelfogható eleme. Kutatásunk fókuszában a Balatont turisztikai céllal felkeresők állnak. A kvantitatív megkérdezés azt vizsgálta, hogy az utazók számára a helyi termékek mennyire vonzóak, vásárolnak-e és ha igen, hol az utazás során. Az utazók háromnegyede 2-3 helyi terméket vásárolt a Balatonnál, a termék típusától függően eltérő helyszíneken. A vásárlás helyszínét megvizsgálva arra teszünk javaslatokat, hogy a helyi termékek esetében az értékesítési csatornák közül milyen kombinációk alkalmazhatóak leghatékonyabban a nyári időszakban pihenési, kikapcsolódási céllal a Balatonhoz utazó látogatók körében. Health and healthy life-style are gaining importance in today’s world, and eating habits, including local ingredients and products, are often in focus. Non-food and local (not mass-produced) products are also enjoying a ’renaissance’, with their low-volume items. All of these trends influence tourism around Lake Balaton: recent developments support the increased demand for local products – catering establishments, markets and festivals aim to meet the demands with authentic products, services and good quality souvenir items. Local products are an authentic representation of the destination, support sustainable production and consumption. At the same time, tourist experience includes ‘tangible’ factors. Our research focuses on the leisure travellers to Lake Balaton. The quantitative survey’s main objective is to map what kind of local products are bought and where do travellers buy them when visiting the lake and surroundings. Results show that three-quarters of the travellers buy 2-3 local products in various places (depending on the type of the product) during their trip to Lake Balaton. Mapping the places for buying local products (differentiating food and non-food items) may help in the selection of successful distribution channels in order to reach summer holiday tourists – who are still the dominant segment – during their vacation.
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Aziz, Yuhanis Abdul, Siti Rahayu Hussin, Hossein Nezakati, Raja Nerina Raja Yusof, and Haslinda Hashim. "The effect of socio-demographic variables and travel characteristics on motivation of Muslim family tourists in Malaysia." Journal of Islamic Marketing 9, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 222–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jima-03-2016-0016.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the socio-demographic variables that affect the motivation of Muslim tourists in Malaysia, and to examine the travel characteristics factors that affect the motivation in decision making of Muslim tourists travelling to Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach The study surveys questionnaires for data collection. Convenience sampling technique was used on the selected sample. The study was conducted in Malaysia, where the target respondents included Muslim family tourists with ages ranging from 18 to 64 years. Findings The findings show that motivation differs significantly among different levels of the socio-demographic characteristics except for gender and income. The result also reported that a majority of tourists’ travel behaviour was significantly different unless when it comes to seeking accommodation. Results also revealed a tendency for long holiday stays among Muslim tourists in Malaysia. Research limitations/implications In this study, the examination of motivation on the Muslim family tourists has provided significant influence in managing the family tourist experience. On the other hand, most previous studies have shown that motivation is positively guided by general “push and pull” factors. However, this research demonstrates that components such family financial income and age of respondents has an effect on Muslim family tourists’ motivation, thus justifying the experience effect. Practical implications It is crucial for the service provider and destination management organizations to differentiate their products and services so that the packages and experience will be more meaningful. Social implications Destination packages should be appropriately designed and positioned in the target markets to meet the needs and wants of different Muslim family groups. Communication should emphasize not only the most distinctive characteristics but also the most suitable holiday packages that the family tourist can afford to pay. This would assist the family in the decision-making process and choice processes and facilitate the family’s expectation. Originality/value This research paper related to Islamic tourism marketing which can be used to formulate appropriate marketing strategies, build a viable market segment and design practical marketing strategies to attract potential Muslims travellers.
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May, Jon. "In Search of Authenticity off and on the Beaten Track." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 14, no. 6 (December 1996): 709–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d140709.
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Recent years has seen increasing academic concern with constructions of authenticity, much of it focused upon the travel industry and the emergence of the ‘real holidays’ market in particular. Of appeal to independent travellers moving off the beaten track, such holidays have been located within a sociology of tourism that draws strict distinctions between the desires and activities of an independent traveller, drawn from the new cultural class, and working-class package tourists. Here it is suggested that accounts tracing the emergence of this market have tended to conflate two often related, but analytically distinct, discourses of authenticity which, when held apart, undermine the usual tourist typologies and considerably extend our understandings of the search for authenticity. Drawing upon qualitative interviews undertaken both with ‘travellers’ and with ‘tourists’ it is suggested that our understandings of this search be extended, to consider the ways in which a concern for authenticity is negotiated by a range of tourists enjoying a variety of holidays. Offering a critical intervention in debates around authenticity I champion a method capable of mapping the ambiguities of individual experience, rather than forcing that experience through the restrictive categories of various ideal types.
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Mitta, Nitin, and G. Anjaneyaswamy. "Film Induced Tourism: A Study in Indian Outbound Tourism." Atna - Journal of Tourism Studies 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2013): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12727/ajts.10.3.
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It is widely believed that nothing unites India more than Cricket and Bollywood. Indian spending on foreign travel has increased to four fold as compared to that in the year 2000. While entire Europe and USA are still struggling to come out of recession, as per an estimate, Indian travellers are expected to grow to 50 million from 9 million. These statistics have enticed tourism boards across the world to find multiple avenues to have maximum share of this ever growing pie. Indian middle class is riding high on its growing affluence, and is exploring new locales and destinations to satisfy its craving for the distinct holiday experience. Indian outbound market is sending strong growth signals to the Tourism Boards and National Tourism Boards (NTBs) globally, who have been experimenting for novel ways to tap this market within their restricted resources. Recent studies by global researchers have established the positive influence of films, on people‟s travel decisions, especially to the respective locations and destinations featured on the silver screen. With its glossy and larger than life portrayal in the films, some of these destinations have successfully captured the imagination of movie goers and enticed them to visit the places where films are believed to be shot. Unlike the promotional films made for tourism boards, films are considered more authentic as coming from a third party, hence portrayed with a neutral approach. Through this paper, we have tried addressing the concerns in quantifying the impact of film-induced tourism. We have also covered the factors responsible for hindrance or limiting the impact on destination promotion, which was shown in the particular film.
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Büdel, Thomas, Esther Kuenzli, Mathieu Clément, Odette J. Bernasconi, Jan Fehr, Ali Haji Mohammed, Nadir Khatib Hassan, Jakob Zinsstag, Christoph Hatz, and Andrea Endimiani. "Polyclonal gut colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin- and/or colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: a normal status for hotel employees on the island of Zanzibar, Tanzania." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 74, no. 10 (July 30, 2019): 2880–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkz296.
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Abstract Objectives For low-income countries, data regarding the intestinal colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) and colistin-resistant (CST-R) Enterobacteriaceae in the community are still scarce. Here, we investigated this phenomenon by analysing hotel employees in Zanzibar. Methods During June to July 2018, rectal swabs from 59 volunteers were screened implementing selective enrichments and agar plates. Species identification was achieved using MALDI-TOF MS. Strains were characterized using microdilution panels (MICs), microarray, PCRs for mcr-1/-8, repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (rep-PCR) and WGS. Results Colonization prevalence with ESC-R-, CST-R- and mcr-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae were 91.5%, 66.1% and 18.6%, respectively (average: 2.2 strains per volunteer). Overall, 55 ESC-R Escherichia coli (3 also CST-R), 33 ESC-R Klebsiella pneumoniae (1 also CST-R), 17 CST-R E. coli and 21 CST-R K. pneumoniae were collected. The following main resistance genes were found: ESC-R E. coli (blaCTX-M-15-like, 51.0%), ESC-R K. pneumoniae (blaCTX-M-9-like, 42.9%), CST-R E. coli (mcr-1, 55%) and CST-R K. pneumoniae (D150G substitution in PhoQ). ESBL-producing E. coli mainly belonged to ST361, ST636 and ST131, whereas all those that were mcr-1 positive belonged to ST46 that carried mcr-1 in a 33 kb IncX4 plasmid. ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae mainly belonged to ST17, ST1741 and ST101, whereas CST-R strains belonged to ST11. Conclusions We recorded remarkably high colonization prevalence with ESC-R and/or CST-R Enterobacteriaceae in hotel staff. Further research in the local environment, livestock and food chain is warranted to understand this phenomenon. Moreover, as Zanzibar is a frequent holiday destination, attention should be paid to the risk of international travellers becoming colonized and thereby importing life-threatening pathogens into their low-prevalence countries.
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Rojas-de-Gracia, María-Mercedes, Pilar Alarcón-Urbistondo, and Eva María González Robles. "Couple dynamics in family holidays decision-making process." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 30, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 601–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-10-2016-0562.
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Purpose Family holiday decision-making (FHDM) is a process composed of several stages. This paper aims to describe two objectives: to identify at each stage the roles in couples, the main decision-maker in the case of family holidays; and to determine the most influential variables. Design/methodology/approach To identify the roles played by the partners, a frequency analysis has been conducted, which provides a graphic representation of the so-called feasibility triangles. The technique selected to identify the variables that explained the decision structure was binary logistic regression. In total, 375 useful dyads of questionnaires were received. Findings Holidays follow a joint decision-making process in the initiation phase and in the final decision, while the search for information is carried out equally by either partner. The woman’s work situation, the type of destination travelled to and the difference in education levels between them are the variables that best explain how couples decide on their family holidays. Practical implications A better understanding of the FHDM process will help tourism companies to improve their marketing campaigns. Originality/value The characteristics of the sample composed of 375 couples whose members completed a questionnaire separately have allowed not have to rely on one response per household, which adds reliability to the results. This sample is higher than the one of many reference publications on the subject. Furthermore, this paper revealed differences between male and female perception.
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Ward, M., K. Borgen, A. Mazick, and M. Muehlen. "Hepatitis A vaccination policy for travellers to Egypt in eight European countries, 2004." Eurosurveillance 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.11.01.00592-en.
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In 2004, an outbreak of hepatitis A occurred in European tourists returning from Egypt. The reported hepatitis A attack rates varied considerably between tourists from different European countries. To determine the reason for this divergence in attack rates, a survey was undertaken with the following objectives: (a) documentation of national hepatitis A prevention policies for people travelling to Egypt and (b) documentation of hepatitis A reporting practices in these countries. A questionnaire was compiled and distributed to 13 European countries. All eight of the countries that responded had produced guidelines for the prevention of travel-associated hepatitis A. Between 2001-2003, 40% (range 4-51) of hepatitis A cases reported annually were associated with travel abroad. This occurred despite the fact that all countries recommended active vaccination with hepatitis A vaccine for people travelling to Egypt for holidays. There was no standard case definition for reporting confirmed cases in the countries that reported hepatitis A cases. As it is likely that travel-associated infections will increase as more people take overseas holidays, innovative ways to increase the number of travellers who seek and adhere to appropriate medical advice prior to travel must be explored. In addition, we recommend the use of the European Commission case definition for notification of confirmed cases of hepatitis A.
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Sumi, Tomonori, Yoshinao Oheda, Takasi Nakamoto, and Hideaki Nakashima. "A Behavioral Property of One-day Recreational Travellers and Downtown Shoppers on Holidays." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 506 (1995): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1995.137.
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Launders, Naomi J., Gordon L. Nichols, Rodney Cartwright, Joanne Lawrence, Jane Jones, and Christos Hadjichristodoulou. "Self-Reported Stomach Upset in Travellers on Cruise-Based and Land-Based Package Holidays." PLoS ONE 9, no. 1 (January 10, 2014): e83425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083425.
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Connell, J. "Bali Revisited: Death, Rejuvenation, and the Tourist Cycle." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 11, no. 6 (December 1993): 641–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d110641.
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Since package tourism began on a small scale at the start of the 20th century, tourism and travel to Bali have gone through a series of overlapping and interlocking phases. By the 1930s the destruction of ‘authenticity’ and the process of transformation were already apparent to some. Tourism expanded and diversified. In the 1970s world travellers, and later ‘surfies’, contributed to the distinctiveness of Kuta, a way station on the Asian overland trail. Kuta grew, drew vibrant commerce, package tours, and a new youth scene, displacing world travellers to the periphery—the ‘interior’ or ‘up country’—in search of elusive authenticity. Tourism became introspective, as the gaze of mass tourists and chic tourists focused on hotels, resorts, and each other; international, as world consumer goods displaced local products; and youthful, with the emergence of specialised package holidays, centred on action and consumption. Resort cycles were grafted onto each other in an unwieldy social and geographical synthesis, as Bali, increasingly diverse yet inconspicuous, became ‘whatever you want it to be’.
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Sund, Kristian J., and Philipp Boksberger. "Senior and non‐senior traveller behaviour: some exploratory evidence from the holiday rental sector in Switzerland." Tourism Review 62, no. 3/4 (November 2007): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/16605370780000317.
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Magyar, Márton. "A survey on tourism experiences by Hungarian travellers: towards guest satisfaction." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2013): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2013/1/13.
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In the 21st century experiences got great significance in the every-day life and in tourism as well. Human popularity can achieve very good and happy moments e.g. by shopping (complex experience in shopping centres) by common spare time activities in the nature and in towns, also by having vacation at a special destination. Animation/entertainment is a sphere of hotel services that is to help the guests sparing their free time on holidays in a good atmosphere, by providing experienceful programs. Good memories of a tourism service can make guests satisfied and build a returning clientele sphere. That is why it is awaited to map the (potential) guests’ expectations and observations of services. This paper discusses Hungarian tourists’ experiences conducted in Hungary aiming to reveal the need for professional services focusing on the not-so-spread area, Animation. The experiential dimensions of every-day life and tourism was studied by an own-edited questionnaire (N = 1000) in the half-year period of 1st August 2010 – 31st January 2011. This study was extended by quality of life since summer 2011 and I am going to compare the results of these two surveys with the aim of development suggestions in order to achieve a main level of guest satisfaction and a loyal sphere of clientele.
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Laundy, Nicholas C., Julia M. Greig, Mohammad Raza, and Tamara Mitchell. "Delay in the diagnosis of measles complicated by pneumonitis and appendicitis in a returning traveller." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 12 (December 2019): e232652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-232652.
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A 40-year-old British man presented to the emergency department for the second time in 10 days following a 2-week holiday in Thailand with malaise, bilateral conjunctivitis and a morbilliform rash. He had previously seen his general practitioner and ophthalmology and was diagnosed with conjunctivitis. We confirmed measles following RNA detection on a mouth swab. Four days after admission he developed abdominal pain and a CT abdomen demonstrated acute appendicitis with large appendicoliths. A perforated appendix was identified intraoperatively. Measles RNA was detected in the resected appendix. Preoperatively he developed hypoxia with right upper lobe changes seen on a CT pulmonary angiogram. Bronchoalveolar lavage performed in theatre isolated measles RNA at high level, consistent with measles pneumonitis. He required ventilatory support in the intensive care unit and was also treated with intravenous antibiotics. He made a complete recovery.
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Olafsdottir, Gunnthora. "‘… sometimes you’ve just got to get away’: On trekking holidays and their therapeutic effect." Tourist Studies 13, no. 2 (June 26, 2013): 209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797613490379.
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A traditional Romantic fix for the stress and strain of the everyday has been the idea of ‘getting back to nature’, exploring places of natural grandeur and beauty based on the belief in nature’s therapeutic agency on the traveller. This article introduces a theoretical framework that offers a way to explore how touristic spaces are lived within a human–non-human co-constituted affective process. It then engages with the spaces of nature-based tourism and reports findings from an ethnographic study on British-based trekking holiday to Iceland. These findings suggest that the emotions and therapeutic affect that have traditionally been reported from spending time in nature are relational outcomes; they depend both on nature’s performance and on what the individual contributes to the relations.
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Heimtun, Bente. "The friend, the loner and the independent traveller: Norwegian midlife single women's social identities when on holiday." Gender, Place & Culture 19, no. 1 (February 2012): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369x.2011.617881.
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Wade, Alan. "Water, Health, Recreation and Tourism." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0067.
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Tourists and holiday makers have a closer than “normal living” association with the water cycle. Tourists are particularly sensitive to the effects of changing water quality as almost any traveller can attest to. In this paper, we will be looking not at drinking water but at the health effects of water-based recreational pursuits. These pursuits range from taking a spa to eating shellfish in a polluted estuary (Table 1). Attention will be drawn to the very substantial costs to the tourist industry of not paying attention to water quality problems. Water quality problems are often easily dealt with, so their continued existence can reflect badly on the leisure industries.TABLE 1Recreational WatersClosed or Controlled Recreational WatersSwimming pools, spas, slides, float tanks, wavepools and hydrotherapy pools.Open Recreational WatersBeaches, estuaries, lakes and streams.
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Hernández-Martín, Raúl, and Hugo Padrón-Ávila. "The Carbon Footprint of Airport Ground Access as Part of an Outbound Holiday Trip." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 13, 2021): 9085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169085.
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In this paper, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions derived from airport surface access of outbound German tourists travelling to the Canary Islands have been estimated. It is argued that carbon footprint estimations in tourism must be improved to incorporate the transport to the airports within the country of origin. To do so, statistical data from the Tourism Expenditure Survey of the Canary Islands have been used. In particular, the postcodes of a large sample of German tourists visiting the archipelago from 2012 to 2014 are used to identify their residence and the distances travelled to their chosen airport. The findings of the paper contribute to the literature on tourism carbon footprints, including an estimate of the share of airport surface access emissions in a typical outbound sun and beach holiday trip. Airport ground access accounted for 8.17% of transport-related emissions. These results have implications for urban planners, transport firms, and tourism management.
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Gravili, Silvia, and Pierfelice Rosato. "Italy’s Image as a Tourism Destination in the Chinese Leisure Traveler Market." International Journal of Marketing Studies 9, no. 5 (September 30, 2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v9n5p28.
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This study aims to measure the image of Italy as a tourism destination on the Chinese leisure traveller market. To this end, Echtner & Ritchie’s model (1991) is applied; however, compared to its original formulation, it is implemented with greater consideration of the experiential dimension and potential travel constraints affecting the perception of the range of tourism goods and services on offer. This enables not just a denotative, but also and above all a connotative measurement of the image, thereby reducing the risk of ambiguity in the interpretation of the most significant attributes that emerged during the analysis. Adopting a hypothetical segmentation of the market in question, it was also possible to the elements that act as encouraging and discouraging factors regarding a holiday in Italy are highlight, identifying tailor-made approaches to the construction and promotion/commercialisation of tourism products designed to be attractive to the specific segment of interest.
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Manik, Gayatri, I. Ketut Suwena, and I. Wayan Suardana. "FAKTOR PENDORONG DAN PENARIK WISATAWAN BACKPACKER MANCANEGARA BERWISATA KE BALI." Jurnal IPTA 4, no. 2 (December 19, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2016.v04.i02.p04.
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Trend backpackers is growing in various areas, including in Bali. Backpackers have been identified as having “a preference for budget accommodation, independently organized travel and emphasis on meeting other travellers, longer rather than brief holidays. The purpose of this research are to anlyses the push and pull factors that motivate the foreign backpacker tourists traveled to Bali. Sample on this research is 200 respondents of backpackers and using purposive sampling technique. Offline questionnaires are used for data collecting and the analysis technique is based on factor analysis. The results of research shows that the push factors backpackers traveled to Bali are (1) facilitation of social interaction, (2) self-identity, (3) relaxation, (4) prestige, (5) adventure (6) novelty. The push factor that dominantly is facilitation of social interaction. The pull factors are (1) cultural/historical, (2) affordable price, (3) variety seeking, (4) tourism facilities, (5) safety and clean, (6) environment. The pull factor that dominantly is Cultural / Historical.
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Jayne, Mark, Chris Gibson, Gordon Waitt, and Gill Valentine. "Drunken mobilities: Backpackers, alcohol, ‘doing place’." Tourist Studies 12, no. 3 (November 1, 2012): 211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797612461082.
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This article seeks to advance the understanding of the role of alcohol, drinking and drunkenness as an important, if under-researched, element of tourism. In so doing, we work at the intersection of three bodies of writing focused on mundane mobilities; performativities of tourism and geographies of alcohol, drinking and drunkenness. Drawing on empirical research undertaken in Australia, we highlight how alcohol, drinking and drunkenness are key to backpacking holidays: first, to help soften a number of (un)comfortable embodied and emotional materialities associated with budget travel; second, as an aid to spatial and temporal imperatives of ‘passing the time’ and ‘being able to do nothing’ and finally, to heighten senses of belonging with fellow travellers and ‘locals’. Crucial is participation in specific experiential practices and performativities that are fundamental to practices of ‘doing place’. Alcohol, drinking and drunkenness are key to unpacking backpacking and offer potentially fruitful research avenues for broader theoretical and empirical debates in tourist studies.