Academic literature on the topic 'Hojení poranění'

Tereza Hendrychová The influence of MDOC nanotextile on the healing of an acute dermal wound Diploma paper Charles University in Prague, The Faculty Of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Pharmacy In this work there are summarized general information about the course of the healing process of acute dermal wounds and their nursing. There are described the inflammatory mediators (cytokines) in more details. In experiment there was assessed the influence of M-DOC® (microdispersed oxidized cellulose) with gentamycin joined on it on the process of the healing of acute dermal wounds. The formulation was called Nanogenta. Domestic pig, Sus scrofa was used as an experimental model. There were 12 animals used, in the experiment. For the demonstration of effectivity of tested formulation the wounds were infected (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli). The effectivity of tested formulation was confronted with preparations, that have demonstrated their effect in clinical use yet (Garamycin Schwann® , Hyiodine® ). There were performed macroscopic, microbiology and microscopic evaluation. There were demonstrated sufficient effect of Nanogenta on improving the quality of the healing process of dermal wounds, which was comparable with an effect of the preparations, which were used as a control....

The submitted dissertation addresses the issue of acellular pig dermis in healing burn wound. The acellular xenodermis Xe-Derma® (XD) has been developed in the Prague Burn Centre in cooperation with the Czech Academy of Sciences and has been produced by a Czech company. Several culture techniques for cultivation of human primary keratinocytes were tested. The bioactivity of XD was studied by a cell culture assay in an organotypic culture system at the air-liquid interface. We compared keratinocyte proliferation and formation of epidermis in vitro with formation of neo-epidermis in the deep dermal wounds treated with XD (in vivo). Morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of keratinocytes confirmed the similarity of organization and differentiation of the cultured epidermal cells to the normal epidermis. Ability to stimulate growth and differentiation of keratinocytes connote bioactivity of XD. The natural structure and firmness of XD (composed of collagen and elastic fibres with the surface responding to the basement membrane) enables adhesion,proliferation, migration and differentiation of epidermal cells. In the clinical use XD appertains to temporary covers in burn treatment, particularly on scalds in children. In the frame of grant project IGA there has been investigated healing of widely meshed...

Cutaneous wound healing could be distinguished into two main types: embryonic and adult. Embryonic healing in contrast to adult is faster, scar-less and consists of early, middle, and late phases. Actin ring is formed during the early phase and its cables pull the edges of the wound towards apposite sites during the following middle phase. De novo expression of healing specific genes is initiated also during middle phase. However, process of the wound healing continues under the closed wound in the late phase which has been poorly described. Adult wound healing is more complex, longer, and is divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling phase. Adult wound healing might end with the scar. Pivotal role in the wound healing is given to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). These remodelling enzymes are important for releasing cytokines, inducing apoptosis, and degradation of extracellular matrix. Our laboratory performed temporal RNA-sequencing of the healing tissue using tailbud stage and swimming tadpole embryos. Results showed predominant expression of four mmps: mmp1.L, mmp7.S, mmp8.S, and mmp9.L. Injury or amputation caused the upregulation and their expression level peaked at 3-6 hours post injury which corresponds with late phase of healing. Thus, I focused on...

Obstetrical intervantion`s goal is to normalize an abnormal or pathological course of labour. In a certain case (e.g. fetal distress) this is not fully achievable. Then the goal is to accelerate the delivery without inadequate increase of risk of maternal or neonatal trauma. The aim of this dizertation thesis was to offer an up-to-date definition and to outline a proper performance of these interventions. Therefore, it was necessary to properly and timely describe the labour layout in which the accoucheur and/or the parturient happen to occurr when an intervention is to take place. It was essential to describe the quantity of perineal loading as well as to define the main vector of perineal strain and deformation. Based on the range of this deformation it was subsequently possible to adequately describe and execute some obstetrical interventions (e.g. a variety of types of episiotomy) or to evaluate a variety of modifications by means of computational modelling (e.g. manual perineal protection) that might have so tiny nuances between each other or differences that are difficult to measure because the clinical evaluation is impossible due to interindividual imprecision or very short duration of the intervention. We described the maximum strain on the perineal surface during vaginal delivery that...

Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders - Abstract One of the principal objectives of obstetric interventions in the second stage of labor is prevention of pelvic floor trauma and associated pelvic floor disorders. The most commonly used and also most frequently discussed interventions are manual perineal protection and episiotomy. The majority of pelvic floor disorders are of subjective nature. Therefore, tools for objectification and severity quantification of these disorders are the key to reliable comparison and identification of the most effective interventions. The aim of the dissertation was to find the most effective modification of manual perineal protection, to compare two frequently used types of episiotomy regarding all pelvic floor disorders and finally to find a consensus on the most suitable instrument for anal incontinence severity assessment. Our studies concerning manual perineal protection experimentally described the direction and extent of perineal deformation during vaginal delivery. The subsequent studies on biomechanical model demonstrated that the most effective method of manual perineal protection in peak perineal strain reduction is when the fingers are placed on the perineum 6 cm laterally and 2 cm ventrally from the posterior commissure at both sides and are...