Academic literature on the topic 'HLA Hart'
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Journal articles on the topic "HLA Hart"
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Manderson, Desmond. "HLA Hart, Lon Fuller and the Ghosts of Legal Interpretation." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 28, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v28i1.4491.
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Henry James’ short novel The Turn of the Screw appeared in 1898. It is a ghost story, uncanny both in content and in form. It relates such uneventful events that the reader is left turning from interpretation to interpretation, trying to determine just what is going on. Yet like the ghosts themselves, wherever we look, there is nothing to see. Until the very last sentence of the book, which hits one like a fist, nothing happens, nothing is proved, and yet a palpable feeling of tension and anxiety builds. It is therefore not fanciful to suggest that the real power of the story lies not in its narrative but in its rhetoric. The book creates a mood of anxiety that infects the reader’s reading. This is what one might call the ‘performative’ dimension of the story. James’ tale constitutes a reader, alert but confused, who thereby experiences the feeling of being part of a ghost story rather than merely reading about one. Sixty years later, HLA Hart and Lon Fuller likewise do not merely describe two different approaches to legal interpretation: in their style, rhetoric and structure they perform these approaches. This essay similarly wishes to connect its argument with its form and for this reason I have chosen to devote considerable space to discussing a work of literature. The Turn of the Screw illuminates certain essential features of the Hart/Fuller debate. Both are tales about law, interpretation, and ghosts. Through James, this essay argues that the debate between Hart and Fuller epitomizes legal interpretation as haunted. Rhetorically, they present two largely incommensurable visions of law. Yet their efforts to exclude the other’s approach fails. But instead of choosing between Hart and Fuller we can gain a richer understanding of legal interpretation if we treat their performance as mutual and interactive. I do not mean that Hart and Fuller can in any way be reconciled through compromise or synthesis. I mean rather that each remains ‘haunted’, and therefore productively unsettled, by the perspective of the other. To be haunted is never to be comfortable with one’s judgment or knowledge, never at peace. This may be ‘a horror’ in a story, but necessary in a legal system.Le court roman de Henry James, The Turn of the Screw, est paru en 1898. C’est une histoire de fantômes, étrange à la fois par son contenu et par sa forme. Il raconte des événements si peu mouvementés que le lecteur se voit passer d’interprétation à interprétation, essayant de déterminer exactement ce qui se passe. Pourtant, comme pour les fantômes eux-mêmes, où que nous regardions, il n’y a rien à voir. Jusqu’à la toute dernière phrase du livre, qui frappe comme un coup de poing, rien ne se passe, rien n’est prouvé, et pourtant un sentiment palpable de tension et d’anxiété s’accumule. Ce n’est donc pas de l’imaginaire que de suggérer que la puissance réelle du récit se situe non dans sa narration mais dans sa rhétorique. Le livre crée une atmosphère d’anxiété qui imprègne la lecture du lecteur. C’est ce que l’on pourrait appeler la dimension «performative» du récit. Le conte de James constitue un lecteur, alerte mais confus, qui ressent ainsi qu’il fait partie d’une histoire de fantômes plutôt que de seulement en lire une à ce sujet. Soixante ans plus tard, HLA Hart et Lon Fuller de la même façon ne font pas simplement décrire deux approches différentes à l’interprétation juridique : de par leur style, leur rhétorique et leur structure, ils mettent en oeuvre ces approches. De façon semblable, cet article veut lier son argument à sa forme et c’est pour cela que j’ai choisi de consacrer considérablement de place à discuter une oeuvre littéraire. The Turn of the Screw illumine certains aspects essentiels du débat Hart/Fuller. Ce sont tous les deux des récits au sujet du droit, de l’interprétation et de fantômes. Par le biais de James, cet article soutient que le débat entre Hart et Fuller fait voir parfaitement que l’interprétation juridique est hantée. Du point de vue de la rhétorique, ils présentent deux visions du droit largement incommensurables. Pourtant leurs efforts d’exclure l’approche de l’autre échouent. Mais plutôt que de choisir entre Hart et Fuller, nous pouvons en arriver à une compréhension plus riche de l’interprétation juridique si nous traitons leur performance comme étant mutuelle et interactive. Je ne veux aucunement signifier que Hart et Fuller peuvent d’une façon ou d’une autre être réconciliés par compromis ou par synthèse. Je veux plutôt signifier que chacun d’eux demeure «hanté», et donc productivement irrésolu, par la perspective de l’autre. Être hanté, c’est ne jamais être à l’aise avec son jugement ou ses connaissances, jamais en paix. C’est peut-être «une horreur» dans un conte, mais c’est nécessaire dans un système juridique.
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Stephens, Māmari. "Māori Law and Hart: A Brief Analysis." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 32, no. 3 (August 4, 2001): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v32i3.5869.
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This is an edited version of a seminar paper presented in the context of the LLB(Hons) programme. It provides a contemporary perspective of Maori law from the standpoint of HLA Hart's theory of the union of primary and secondary rules.
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MORSS, JOHN. "SOURCES OF DOUBT, SOURCES OF DUTY: HLA HART ON INTERNATIONAL LAW." Deakin Law Review 10, no. 2 (July 1, 2005): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2005vol10no2art300.
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<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>[</span><span>In many ways HLA Hart’s critical analysis of the concept of law, with its repudiation of simple command theories of legal obligation, is at the same time a critique of the notion of state sovereignty. It is therefore an adumbration, if no more, of a radical reconceptualisation of interna- tional law, one which redefines the distinction between municipal and in- ternational jurisdiction. This paper is an exploration of what Hart could or ‘should’ have said about international law, based as much as possible on what he did say about international law and law in general. After some introductory comments it outlines Hart’s general analysis of law, with particular reference to the relevance for our understanding of inter- national law.</span><span>] </span></p></div></div></div>
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Legarre, Santiago. "HLA Hart and the Making of the New Natural Law Theory." Jurisprudence 8, no. 1 (March 21, 2016): 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20403313.2016.1148432.
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Aroney, Nicholas, and Jennifer Corrin. "Endemic revolution: HLA Hart, custom and the constitution of the Fiji Islands." Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 45, no. 3 (November 2013): 314–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07329113.2013.861725.
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Bennett, Mark. "Leaving the Hart-Fuller Debate and Reclaiming Fuller: Form, Agency, and Morality in Kristen Rundle's Forms Liberate." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 44, no. 3/4 (November 1, 2013): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v44i3/4.4990.
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Kristen Rundle's Forms Liberate: Reclaiming the Jurisprudence of Lon L Fuller provides an excellent analysis and re-interpretation of Fuller's legal theory. Its particular strengths are its comprehensive contextualisation of Fuller's famous arguments about the 'internal morality of law' within a wider project of 'eunomics' – the inquiry in the principles of good social order – and its reorientation of our view of Fuller's thought through his key idea of human agency. This review article sets out Rundle's main claims, and then challenges the argument that HLA Hart's responses to Fuller make him primarily responsible for the neglect and misunderstanding of Fuller's wider project in contemporary legal philosophy.
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Ammann, Odile. "How do and should domestic courts interpret international law? Insights from the jurisprudence of HLA Hart and Duncan Kennedy." Transnational Legal Theory 10, no. 3-4 (July 7, 2019): 385–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20414005.2019.1639355.
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McCoubrey, H. "The Concept of Law, by HLA Hart. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994, xii + 276 + (notes and index) 39pp (hardback £16.95)." Legal Studies 15, no. 2 (July 1995): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1995.tb00064.x.
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Townsend, John, Christian Twigg-Flesner, and Chris Willmore. "Book Review: A Life of HLA Hart—The Nightmare and the Noble Dream, Contracting with Companies, Property and the Human Rights Act 1998." Common Law World Review 35, no. 1 (January 2006): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/clwr.2006.35.1.80.
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Simpson, AWB. "The Salmond Lecture." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 38, no. 4 (March 1, 2008): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v38i4.5548.
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In his lecture Professor Simpson places John Salmond's jurisprudential books, his First Principles of Jurisprudence and his Jurisprudence text book within both the context of the English text book tradition and the more specific context of the English tradition of the general jurisprudence book. Having pointed out that Salmond’s major text book was indeed written for students, Professor Simpson examines Salmond’s explanation of judicial reasoning and whether it can differentiated from other modes of thought. While ultimately Professor Simpson suggests that John Salmond's account of legal thought is not complete, he concludes that it can be favourably compared with other attempts to resolve the question. In particular, Professor Simpson contrasts John Salmond and his contemporaries’ efforts favourably with the efforts of the prominent Oxford legal philosopher HLA Hart. For his own part, Professor Simpson ultimately considers that perhaps there is not so much special about legal thinking when compared to other processes of rational decision making in everyday practical affairs.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "HLA Hart"
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Waddell, Sarah Kathleen. "The Role of the 'Legal Rule' in Indonesian Law: environmental law and the reformasi of water management." University of Sydney. Environmental Law, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/673.
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In examining the role of the �legal rule� in Indonesian law, and in particular environmental law related to water quality management, this thesis questions the often expressed view that laws in Indonesia are sound, they merely fail to be implemented. It proposes that this appraisal of the situation does not take a sufficiently deep assessment and that a cause for non-implementation lies within the drafting of the laws themselves. It is argued that the ineffective system for environmental protection in Indonesia can be related to a failure to recognise the role of the �legal rule� in environmental law. A proposition presented in this thesis is that the arrangements for environmental law making in Indonesia lacks a strong rule foundation and, for this reason, it is not capable of producing shared understandings by lawmakers about producing and reproducing environmental law as legal sub-system. Another central proposition is that Indonesian environmental law has a form and style, which negates the role of the legal rule in environmental management and control. Despite the changes brought by reformasi, the central position of the legal rule in environmental law and, indeed, the necessary rule foundation to the development of the legal system, has yet to achieve full recognition. If this situation is related to the system of water quality management and pollution control in Indonesia, it can be seen that environmental improvement will not be achieved until underlying issues concerning the structure, form and style of environmental law making are addressed.
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Zhou, Han-Ru. "Implied constitutional principles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ca2491fc-a372-4adc-afe0-2f832fcc7082.
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This thesis challenges some of the current limits to the grounds for judicial review of legislation accepted by most Canadian jurists. More specifically, it makes a common law-based argument in favour of the priority over legislation of principles which are implied from the Imperial Constitution Acts 1867-1982 and which originally derive from the English constitution – namely implied constitutional principles. The argument faces two main interrelated legal objections: Parliamentary sovereignty and the Framers’ intentions. The first objection is rebutted by arguing that Parliamentary sovereignty possesses an ability to change in a way that can incorporate substantive legal limitations. The most prevalent common law-based theories of change to Parliamentary sovereignty suggest that the courts can authoritatively determine if implied constitutional principles can check legislation. The second objection is rebutted by reference to the notion of progressive interpretation as conceived under Hartian and Dworkinian theories of law and adjudication. Under these theories, progressive interpretation is an aspect of the courts’ best overall interpretation of the constitution, which includes implied constitutional principles. Such progressive interpretation can result in these principles constraining legislative authority. Justification of the progressive interpretation of implied constitutional principles can be based on the rule of law from which derive a number of these principles. One plausible conception of the Canadian rule of law is that it rejects the view that implied constitutional principles can prevail when in conflict with legislation. However, the better conception is that, as an attempt to adapt implied constitutional principles to relevant changes in society and to protect their underlying values, the judiciary should interpret these principles as capable of checking legislation to the extent that they form part of the core content of the rule of law. Such a conception and an operation of implied constitutional principles can properly be explained by Hartian or Dworkinian common law-based progressive interpretation of these principles and by their relationship with legislative authority.
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Haida, Amal. "Blessure, environnement et performance de haut niveau." Rouen, 2014. https://hal-insep.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01788566.
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La thèse porte sur l’épidémiologie et la physiopathologie de la performance dans le sport de haut niveau (SHN). L’objectif principal est d’étudier l’impact de deux paramètres pouvant interférer avec les performances et leur développement au cours d’une carrière sportive : la blessure et les facteurs environnementaux. Dans un premier temps, nous étudions l’impact de la rupture du Ligament Croisé Antérieur (LCA) sur les performances chez les meilleurs skieurs alpins en Equipe de France depuis 1980. A travers une étude transversale, nous analysons le retour à la performance après la rupture du LCA chez les skieurs et évaluons si cette blessure est un handicap en termes de performances post-rupture dans le ski alpin de compétition. Elle est aussi l’occasion de comparer les performances des meilleurs skieurs de l’équipe qui ont connu la rupture du LCA avec celles des skieurs qui n’ont jamais subi cette blessure au cours de leur carrière. Une deuxième étude longitudinale compare l’évolution des performances de l’ensemble de la population de l’Equipe de France en ski alpin sur les carrières complètes des athlètes avec rupture du LCA et des athlètes sans rupture depuis 1980. En ski alpin, l’environnement est étroitement impliqué dans la survenue des blessures. Les conditions de la neige, les conditions météorologiques et la température sont des facteurs qui influencent la prévalence des blessures, notamment celles du genou. L’environnement et les contraintes qu’il exige vont aussi influencer la performance dans le SHN. Ainsi, dans une troisième étude nous avons évalué l’impact de la saisonnalité et de l’environnement dans les épreuves de sprint et de demi-fond. Cette étude est réalisée en athlétisme car il représente l’un des premiers sports olympiques avec une accessibilité des données permettant un recul historique des performances considérable. La blessure et l’environnement sont deux paramètres indispensables à prendre en compte dans le cadre multifactoriel de l’optimisation de la performance dans le SHNThe thesis deals with the epidemiology and physiopathology of performance in elite sport. The objective is to analyze the impact of two parameters that can affect performance and its development during a sports career: injury and environmental factors. At first, we study the impact of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture on the performance of the best alpine skiers (1st decile of performance) in the French Team since 1980. Through a transversal study, we analyze the return to performance after an ACL injury and evaluate whether the injury is a handicap in post-rupture performance. It is also an opportunity to demonstrate and compare the performance of the best skiers who had a torn ACL with those who never suffered this injury during their career. Secondly, a second longitudinal study analyses the performance development of the entire alpine skiers in the French Team during their career in injured and non injured athletes since 1980. Moreover, in alpine skiing the environment plays a role in the occurrence of injuries. The snow conditions, weather conditions and temperature are all factors that influence the prevalence of injuries, including the ACL rupture. Thus, in a third study we evaluated the impact of seasonality and environment in the sprint and middle distance. This study was conducted in athletics because it represents one of the oldest Olympic sports with sufficient data available allowing a substantial historical perspective of performance. Our studies describe the importance of taking into account the injury and the environment, particularly temperature, in the multifactorial context of performance optimization in elite sport
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Balbuena, Valenzuela Juan Pablo. "Development of innovative silicon radiation detectors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96361.
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Silicon radiation detectors fabricated at the IMB-CNM (CSIC) Clean Room
facilities using the most innovative techniques in detector technology are presented in
this thesis. TCAD simulation comprises an important part in this work as becomes an
essential tool to achieve exhaustive performance information of modelled detectors
prior their fabrication and subsequent electrical characterization. Radiation tolerance is
also investigated in this work using TCAD simulations through the potential and
electric field distributions, leakage current and capacitance characteristics and the
response of the detectors to the pass of different particles for charge collection
efficiencies. Silicon detectors investigated in this thesis were developed for specific
projects but also for applications in experiments which can benefit from their improved
characteristics, as described in Chapter 1.
Double-sided double type columns 3D (3D-DDTC) detectors have been developed
under the NEWATLASPIXEL project in the framework of the CERN RD50
collaboration for the ATLAS Inner Detector upgrades and the introduction of a new
pixel layer called Insertable B-Layer. The radiation tolerance of slim-edge (“edgeless”)
detectors, whose current terminating structure reduces the insensitive area of detectors
to 50 μm, for close-to-beam experiments like the TOTEM experiment at HL-LHC, have
been simulated under the EU TOSTER project. Ultra-thin 3D detectors, which combine
3D detector technology and thin membrane fabrication process, are also studied in this
work. They provide an alternative to the present Neutral Particle Analyzers at the
International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) in the ions detection for
plasma diagnosis, and they are also being used in neutron detection experiments after
being covered with any layer containing 10B whose high capture cross-section of
thermal neutrons allows their detection through the emitted alpha. Finally, active-edge
detectors have been studied for applications in X-ray beam positioning, X-ray sensors
for beamstops and detectors with pad, microstrip and Medipix2 designs for research
purposes.
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Axelsson, Camilla, and Josefin Karlsson. "Hela min själ är fylld utav sår : En studie utifrån kvinnors egna upplevelser av att leva med självskadebeteende." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-39550.
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This study intends to illuminate women’s experiences of their own self-harm. Self-harm is mostly associated with women and research shows that women mostly are over-represented. This study describes women’s experiences about their self-harm but also how they perceive the elements around them during their illness. There is a focus on women’s abilities to manage emotions and how they are expressed. There is also a focus on how women perceive the support from important people in their individual social network. This study is completed by a qualitative approach based on six autobiographies there young women tells about their self-harm and mental health. The study has a hermeneutic approach which enables interpretation of our collected material. The result is presented based on two themes that focus on the women’s emotional management and their support from their social network. The empirical material is analyzed on the basis of theoretical concepts of systems theory and network theory but also Antonovsky’s (1987) theory; KASAM. The result of this study resulted that the women’s social network have significance for them during the time with self-harm whether their social network are functional or not. The study has also found that the women’s emotional management are affected by meaningsfullness, manageability and comprehensibility.
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Cannon, Joanna Erin. "Effectiveness of a Computer-Based Syntax Program in Improving the Morphosyntax of Students Who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/epse_diss/63.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if the frequent use of LanguageLinks: Syntax Assessment and Intervention (LL), produced by Laureate Learning Systems, Inc., as a supplemental classroom activity, affected morphosyntax structures (determiners, tense, and complementizers) in participants who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing (DHH) and use American Sign Language (ASL). Twenty-six students from an urban day school for the Deaf participated in this study. Two hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) growth curve analyses were used to examine the influence of LL on the comprehension of morphosyntax based on two dependent variables: 1) the scores from LL’s Optimized Intervention (OI; Wilson, 2003) reports; and 2) the scores from a subset of the Comprehension of Written Grammar (CWG; Easterbrooks, 2010) test. The results of the HLM analyses revealed that time was a statistically significant indicator of progress on both dependent variables: 1) LL, t(25) = 4.510, p < .001, and 2) CWG, t(25) = 4.750, p < .001. Two independent variables served as predictors of where the participants started on the level-1 intercept of the growth curve: 1) Degree of Hearing Loss; and 2) Age. The results indicated that Age, t(23) = 2.182, p = .039, was a statistically significant predictor of the level-1 intercept. A second set of independent variables served as predictors of change over time on the growth curve: 1) Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation Norm-Referenced (DELV-NR; Seymour, Roeper, & de Villiers, 2005) pretest scores on the syntax and semantic subtest; and 2) the Basic Reading Inventory (BRI; Johns, 2008) scores. The results indicated that the BRI scores, t(22) = 3.522, p = .002, were statistically significant predictors of change over time on the LL program. A dependent t-test was used to examine the comprehension of morphosyntax based on the third dependent variable of the DELV-NR assessment, and revealed statistically significant results on the syntax subtest, t(25) = -2.394, p = .024. The daily use of LL affected the morphosyntax of the participants in this study and may be an evidence-based practice for students who are DHH and use ASL.
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Ivsjö, Clara, and Maria Haglöf. ""I den bästa av världar skulle man haft ännu mer samarbete, hela tiden" : En kvalitativ studie om nybyggnation av en stadsdelspark ur ett brottsförebyggande- och trygghetsskapande perspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Kriminologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-33061.
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Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur samarbetet sett ut mellan olika aktörer, när det gäller att skapa en stadsdelpark. Detta ur ett brottsförebyggande- och trygghetsskapande perspektiv. Även att undersöka hur det brottsförebyggande- och trygghetsskapande perspektivet balanseras med det estetiska. Material från semistrukturerade intervjuer med nyckelaktörer samt dokument som rör processen har legat till grund för en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Den teoretiska ramen vi har använt är rutinaktivitetsteorin, situationell brottsprevention samt CPTED. Resultatet visade att samarbetet mellan parterna inte var närvarande i urspungsplaneringen. Vidare belyser alla inblandade att detta kan ses som en lärdom till framtida projekt, då det möjligen hade mynnat ut i ett annat utförande av parken i vissa avseenden. Komplexiteten i att balansera brottsförebyggande och estetiska åtgärder synliggörs, och man kan se är att de åtgärder som nu sätts in är för att åtgärda problem som uppstått. Vilket möjligen kunde förebyggts om det beaktats i planeringen.The purpose of our study has been to examine, from a crime prevention- and safety perspective, the cooperation between key-actors in creating an urban park. Material from semi-structured interviews with key- actors as well as documents relating to the process have been the basis for a qualitative content analysis. The theoretical framework we have used is routine activity theory, situational crime prevention and CPTED. The result showed that cooperation between the parties was not present in the initial planning. Furthermore, everyone involved emphasizes that it could be a lesson for future projects, which possibly could have resulted in another embodiment of the park in some respects. The complexity of balancing crime prevention and aesthetic measures is highlighted, and the action that is now being taken are to address problems that have arisen. Which could possibly have been prevented if it had been considered in the planning.
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Payet, Matthieu. "Conception de systèmes programmables basés sur les NoC par synthèse de haut niveau : analyse symbolique et contrôle distribué." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES051/document.
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Les réseaux sur puce (NoC pour «network on chip») sont des infrastructures de communication extensibles qui autorisent le parallélisme dans la communication. La conception de circuits basés sur les NoC se fait en considérant la communication et le calcul séparément, ce qui la rend plus complexe. Les outils de synthèse d'architecture (HLS pour «high level synthesis») permettent de générer rapidement des circuits performants. Mais le contrôle de ces circuits est centralisé et la communication est de type point-à-point (non extensible). Afin d'exploiter le parallélisme potentiel des algorithmes sur des FPGA dont les ressources augmentent constamment, les outils de HLS doivent extraire le parallélisme d'un programme et utiliser les ressources disponibles de manière optimisée. Si certains outils de synthèse considèrent une spécification de type flot de données, la plupart de concepteurs d'algorithmes utilise des programmes pour spécifier leurs algorithmes. Mais cette représentation comportementale doit souvent être enrichie d'annotations architecturales afin de produire en sortie un circuit optimisé. De plus, une solution complète d'accélération nécessite une intégration du circuit dans un environnement de développement, comme les GPU aujourd'hui. Un frein à l'adoption des FPGA et plus généralement des architectures parallèles, est la nécessaire connaissance des architectures matérielles ciblées.Dans cette thèse, nous présentons une méthode de synthèse qui utilise une technique d'analyse symbolique pour extraire le parallélisme d'une spécification algorithmique écrite dans un langage de haut niveau. Cette méthode introduit la synthèse de NoC pendant la synthèse d'architecture. Afin de dimensionner le circuit final, une modélisation mathématique du NoC est proposée afin d'estimer la consommation en ressources du circuit final. L'architecture générée est extensible et de type flot de données. Mais l'atout principal de l'architecture générée est son aspect programmable car elle permet, dans une certaine mesure, d'éviter les synthèses logiques pour modifier l'applicationNetwork-on-Chip (NoC) introduces parallelism in communications and emerges with the growing integration of circuits as large designs need scalable communication architectures. This introduces the separation between communication tasks and processing tasks, and makes the design with NoC more complex. High level synthesis (HLS) tools can help designers to quickly generate high quality HDL (Hardware Description Level) designs. But their control schemes are centralized, usually using finite state machines. To take benefit from parallel algorithms and the ever growing FPGAs, HLS tools must properly extract the parallelism from the input representation and use the available resources efficiently. Algorithm designers are used with programming languages. This behavioral specification has to be enriched with architectural details for a correct optimization of the generated design. The C to FPGA path is not straightforward, and the need for architectural knowledges limits the adoption of FPGAs, and more generally, parallel architecture. In this thesis, we present a method that uses a symbolic analysis technique to extract the parallelism of an algorithmic specification written in a high level language. Parallelization skills are not required from the users. A methodology is then proposed for adding NoCs in the automatic design generation that takes the benefit of potential parallelizations. To dimension the design, we estimate the design resource consumption using a mathematical model for the NoC. A scalable application, hardware specific, is then generated using a High Level Synthesis flow. We provide a distributed mechanism for data path reconfiguration that allows different applications to run on the same set of processing elements. Thus, the output design is programmable and has a processor-less distributed control. This approach of using NoCs enables us to automatically design generic architectures that can be used on FPGA servers for High Performance Reconfigurable Computing. The generated design is programmable. This enable users to avoid the logic synthesis step when modifying the algorithm if a existing design provide the needed operators
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Li, Charles Cheuk Him. "Limits of the real : a hypertext critical edition of Bhartṛhari's Dravyasamuddeśa, with the commentary of Helārāja." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284085.
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This dissertation is divided into two parts. The first is a critical study of the Dravyasamuddeśa, a chapter from the Vākyapadīya of Bhartṛhari, a 5th-century Sanskrit philosopher of language. It also deals with the 10th-century commentary of Helārāja, which was highly influential in shaping the interpretation of the text by later authors. Although the Vākyapadīya is a treatise on Sanskrit grammar, and this particular chapter purports to deal with the grammatical category of dravya, in the Dravyasamuddeśa, Bhartṛhari is mostly concerned with establishing a non-dual theory of reality. Helārāja, five centuries later, defends this theory and attempts to re-interpret other schools of thought, namely Buddhism and Sāṃkhya, in its terms. The second part of the dissertation is a critical edition and annotated translation of the Dravyasamuddeśa and the commentary. It also describes the making of the edition - for this project, an open source software package was developed to automatically collate diplomatic transcriptions of manuscript witnesses in order to generate an apparatus variorum. The resulting apparatus forms part of an interactive, online digital edition of the text, from which the printed edition is generated.
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Vallés, Lluch Ana. "P(EMA-co-HEA)/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites for guided dentin tissue regeneration: structure, characterization and bioactivity." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3795.
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Se sintetizaron nanocompuestos híbridos en bloque de poli(etil metacrilato-co-hidroxietil acrilato) 70/30 wt%/sílice, P(EMA-co-HEA)/SiO2, con distintas proporciones de sílice hasta el 30 wt%. El procedimiento de síntesis consistió en la copolimerización de los monómeros orgánicos durante la polimerización sol-gel simultánea de tetraetoxisilano, TEOS como precursor de sílice.
El TEOS se hidroliza eficientemente y condensa dando lugar a sílice, y presenta una distribución homogénea en forma de agregados inconexos de nanopartículas de sílice elementales en los híbridos con bajos contenidos de sílice (<10 wt%) o redes continuas interpenetradas con la red orgánica tras la coalescencia de los agregados de sílice (>10 wt%). La red polimérica orgánica se forma en los poros producidos en el interior de las nanopartículas elementales de sílice, y también en los poros formados entre los agregados de nanopartículas.
Los nanohíbridos con contenidos de sílice intermedios (10-20 wt%) exhibieron las propiedades más equilibradas e interesantes: i) refuerzo mecánico de la matriz orgánica conseguida gracias a redes de sílice continuas e interpenetradas, ii) buena capacidad de hinchado debida a la expansión de la red orgánica no impedida todavía por un esqueleto de sílice rígido, y a un número alto de grupos silanol terminales hidrófilos (concentraciones inorgánicas en los alrededores de la coalescencia), y iii) mayor reactividad superficial debido a un contenido relativo bastante elevado de grupos polares silanol terminales disponibles en las superficies.
La 'bioactividad' o capacidad de los materiales en bloque de formar hidroxiapatita (HAp) sobre sus superficies fue estudiada in vitro sumergiéndolos en fluido biológico simulado (simulated body fluid, SBF). La formación de la capa de HAp viene controlada por el mecanismo y el tiempo de inducción a la nucleación de la misma, que dependen a su vez de la estructura de la sílice.Vallés Lluch, A. (2008). P(EMA-co-HEA)/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites for guided dentin tissue regeneration: structure, characterization and bioactivity [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/3795
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Books on the topic "HLA Hart"
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Mangunwijaya, Y. B. Ragawidya: Religiositas hal-hal sehari-hari. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1986.
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Sudantra, I. Ketut. Perkembangan norma hukum adat mengenai hak wanita Bali terhadap harta benda perkawinan dalam hal terjadi perceraian: Laporan penelitian. [Denpasar: Universitas Udayana, 2002.
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Kim Ch'ŏr-ung ŭi Cheju palchŏn yŏndong chŏllyak: Algo innŭn kŏt kwa hal su innŭn kŏt ŭl yŏn'gye hara. Sŏul-si: KSS, 2014.
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Ronen, Avihu. Harc az életért: Cionista (Somér) ellenállás Budapesten, 1944. Budapest: Belvárosi Könyvkiadó, 1998.
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Gordon, Shmuel. Sheloshim shaʻot be-Oḳṭober: Haḥlaṭot harot goral ʻal hafʻalat ḥel ha-aṿir bi-teḥilat Milḥemet Yom Kipur. Tel-Aviv: Sifriyat Maʻariv, 2008.
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Yereṭ, Mordekhai. ha-ʻEruv ha-shekhunati Har Nof. [Jerusalem?]: Ṿaʻad ha-ʻeruv shekhunat Har Nof, 2005.
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ha-Shevil ha-meḥaber: The linking trail. Yerushalayim: Yad Yitsḥaḳ Ben-Tsevi, 2014.
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Solanke, Iyiola, ed. On Crime, Society, and Responsibility in the work of Nicola Lacey. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852681.001.0001.
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Few contemporary scholars have done more in their work to develop the idea of responsibility than Nicola Lacey. She ranks alongside HLA Hart and Antony Honore in developing approaches to understanding responsibility. Like these scholars, the influence of her work has spread beyond academia to change the perception of responsibility amongst practitioners. During their lifetime both Hart and Honore had volumes dedicated to their work. This book does the same for Nicola Lacey, marking her ongoing influence and accomplishments in the common law world through a collection of essays by leading international scholars reflecting and interrogating her contribution to understanding criminal responsibility. Each author brings a particular challenge and new ideas to bear on her work, touching upon important aspects of responsibility that are current in the scholarship: categorization, frameworks for understanding criminal responsibility and the relationships between them, women in criminal law, the history of criminal law, blameworthiness and ascriptions of responsibility, moral responsibility, the role of politics and political economy.
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Ghuddah, Hasan Abu. Qadaya fiqhiyah fi al-alaqat al-dawliyah: Hal al-harb. Maktabat al-Ubaykan, 2000.
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Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation (COR). Hard Rock: Drum Play-Along Volume 3 (Hal Leonard Drum Play-Along). Hal Leonard, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "HLA Hart"
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Benson, Tim. "Why Interoperability is Hard." In Principles of Health Interoperability HL7 and SNOMED, 21–32. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2801-4_2.
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"HLA Hart." In Constitutional & Administrative Law, 272–86. Routledge-Cavendish, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843144755-46.
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"The legal positivism of HLA Hart." In Modern Legal Theory & Judicial Impartiality, 5–26. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145783-2.
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"HLA Hart: everyday life as the site of analysis." In Theoretical Criminology, 238–56. Routledge-Cavendish, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843140528-32.
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Wacks, Raymond. "4. Modern legal positivism." In Understanding Jurisprudence. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198806011.003.0004.
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This chapter explores the works of some of the leading exponents of contemporary legal positivism: HLA Hart, Hans Kelsen, Joseph Raz, Jules Coleman, Scott Shapiro, and others. Hart staked out the borders of modern legal theory by applying the techniques of analytical (and especially linguistic) philosophy to the study of law. Kelsen may be the least understood and most misrepresented of all legal theorists. To the extent that he insisted on the separation of law and morals, what ‘is’ (sein) and what ‘ought to be’ (sollen), Kelsen may legitimately be characterized as a legal positivist, but he is a good deal more. Raz argues that the identity and existence of a legal system may be tested by reference to three elements: efficacy, institutional character, and sources. Thus, law is autonomous: we can identify its content without recourse to morality.
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Sharpe, Robert J. "How Judges Decide." In Principles, Procedure, and Justice, 91–112. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850410.003.0005.
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This chapter considers what HLA Hart described as a choice between the two extremes of the realist ‘nightmare’ that judges never decide according to the law and the idealist ‘noble dream’ that judges always decide according to the letter of the law. The chapter explores the reasons for legal uncertainty and examines the constraints that control judicial decision-making. Law is uncertain because it is necessarily general and its application in any particular case depends upon the context. This means that judges often have a choice but that choice is constrained by several factors, especially by the obligation to provide a reasoned judgment.
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Nimbalkar, A. B., and C. G. Desai. "Digital Signature Schemes Based on Two Hard Problems." In Detecting and Mitigating Robotic Cyber Security Risks, 98–125. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2154-9.ch007.
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This chapter takes a critical review of the digital signature schemes which are based on two hard problems. The analytical study begins with the Harn (1994) scheme and He-Kiesler (1994) scheme. Shao's 1998 and 2002 schemes have been studied. Wei-Hua He (2001) and Shimin Wei (2004, 2007) schemes are analyzed further in the research work. Attacks on Shimin Wei's (2004, 2007) schemes are critically studied and drawbacks have been noted so as to design better schemes than these. Then we continue our analysis work by studying Ismail, Thate, and Ahmad's (2008) scheme and Swati Verma's (2012) signature scheme.
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Landi, Margaret S. "Commentary on the Beauchamp-DeGrazia Framework of Principles." In Principles of Animal Research Ethics, edited by Larry Carbone, 113–26. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190939120.003.0007.
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Many of us in the animal research community regularly face an internal conflict. We witness developments of new treatments while recognizing that animals experience study-based harms despite our systems of care. Beauchamp and DeGrazia identify significant gaps left by reigning models of harm–benefit principles and the Three Rs. Their six principles must be seriously considered in debates about the conditions of morally justified animal research because they provoke bioethical questions neglected by harm–benefit analyses (HBA) and the Three Rs. However, some problems need more discussion than can be found in Beauchamp and DeGrazia’s framework. For example, more material on basic research and its justification would be helpful, as would analysis of how improvements in study design are paramount for increasing the benefit of HBA.
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Matta Herrera, Alejandro. "El neoconstitucionalismo y la crisis de la adjudicación del derecho." In Derechos fundamentales y conflicto, 65–82. Editorial Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35985/9789585583986.2.
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Los efectos que ha generado la segunda guerra mundial en términos culturales, económicos, sociales son innumerables; incluso muchos de ellos, continúan proyectándose en la actualidad sin que dimensionemos sus alcances más relevantes. Al respecto, el punto de inflexión jurídico propiciado por tal acontecimiento ha generado una disputa de tal magnitud que también se han afianzado, desde un punto de vista externo o del observador (Hart, 1963), distintas disputas académicas sobre modelos ontológicos y epistemológicos de la pretendida ciencia del derecho. Por ello, dicho fenómeno ha sido abordado desde diversas perspectivas.
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"Harrach, F. - Hartz." In Katalog der Graphischen Porträts in der Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel: 1500-1850. Reihe A, Band 10, Ha - Her. Berlin, New York: DE GRUYTER SAUR, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110974126.164.
Full textConference papers on the topic "HLA Hart"
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Min, Hequn, Xiaoyang Huang, Qide Zhang, and Xin Xia. "Narrowband Performance of Active Control on Flow-Induced Vibrations Inside Hard Disk Drives." In ASME 2013 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2013-2810.
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This paper presents an experimental study of digital narrowband active control on the flow-induced vibrations (FIV) on the head gimbals assembly (HGA) in a working hard disk drive (HDD). Firstly, the modal testing on the HDD was carried out, in which the disk modes were analyzed with a 1-D laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) and the HGA vibration modes with a 3-D LDV. Secondly, a digital feedback control close-loop was implemented in experiments to suppress the FIV spectrum peaks on the HGA. In this close-loop, the HGA vibrations detected by the LDV were used as feedback error signals, then the signals was passed through a digital controller to generate feedback signals to drive a piezoelectric disk to actuate feedback acoustic pressure around the HGA. Active control experiments were conducted in narrow bands on five principal peaks in the HGA off-plate vibration spectrum, around 1256Hz, 1428Hz, 2141Hz, 2519Hz and 3469Hz, respectively. It is shown that distinct suppression of at least 10 dB can be achieved on all these HGA vibration peaks.
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Min, Hequn, Xiaoyang Huang, and Qide Zhang. "Virtual Sensing in Local Active Suppression on Pressure Fluctuations for Controlling Flow-Induced Vibration in Hard Disk Drives." In ASME 2012 Noise Control and Acoustics Division Conference at InterNoise 2012. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ncad2012-1403.
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Numerical simulations are presented on a feedback active control strategy for flow-induced off-track vibration of the head gimbals assembly (HGA) supporting the slider in hard disk drives, through suppressing pressure fluctuations around the HGA. A virtual sensing method is employed to enable the feedback signal changeable from pressure fluctuations at the physical sensor position to those at single “virtual sensor” positions closely around the HGA or a spatial average of pressure fluctuations along an HGA surface. Based on a linear control methodology, performance of the proposed active control strategy with different feedback signals has been investigated in two-dimensional simulations, where a physical pressure sensor and a pressure actuator are assumed on the inner-surface of the HDD cover to detect the pressure fluctuations and to actuate active pressure oscillations into HDD space respectively. The results show effective control on the HGA off-track vibration when the feedback signal is configured to minimize pressure fluctuations at specific positions closely around the HGA, such as the wake region. It is also shown that satisfying control effect can be achieved on the HGA off-track vibration in the global spectrum when the feedback signal is configured to minimize the spatial average of pressure fluctuations along the upper surface of the HGA.
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Theiner, Eric, and Stephanie Hackney. "Hard Surface Cleaner Development with HLD-NAC Principles." In Virtual 2020 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/am20.87.
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Yoshikawa, Hidekazu. "A Proposal on Ultimate Safety Disposal of High Level Radioactive Wastes." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15117.
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The ultimate disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) becomes a hard issue for sustainable nuclear energy in Japan especially after Fukushima Daiichi accident. In this paper, the difficulty of realizing underground HLW disposal in Japanese islands is first discussed from socio-political aspects. Then, revival of old idea of deep seabed disposal of HLW in Pacific Ocean is proposed as an alternative way of HLW disposal. Although this had been abandoned in the past for the reason that it will violate London Convention which prohibits dumping radioactive wastes in public sea, the author will stress the merit of seabed disposal of HLW deep in Pacific Ocean not only from the view point of more safe and ultimate way of disposing HLWs (both vitrified and spent fuel) than by underground disposal, but also the emergence of new marine project by synergetic collaboration of rare-earth resource exploration from the deep sea floor in Pacific Ocean.
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Li, Liping, and David B. Bogy. "Multi-Body Modeling Effects on the Head-Disk Interface During Operational Shocks in Hard Disk Drives." In ASME 2013 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2013-2809.
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Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the demand of hard disk drives (HDD) used in portable devices. In such applications HDDs are often subjected to mechanical shocks. Hence it is important to study the stability of mobile drives during operational shocks (op-shock) in order to improve their shock performance. Former numerical investigations [1–3] used either detailed structure models and simplified air bearing models or vice versa to understand the HDI response during an opshock event. In 2012, Rai and Bogy [4] proposed a method in which both the HDD components and the air bearing were modeled in detail and were coupled with each other. However, in this model the head actuator assembly (HAA) was assumed to be amounted on a fixed support and hence the flexibility of the base plate and those effects on the HAA were neglected. In this study, we model the HAA as mounted on the base plate to investigate the effects of HDD components on the shock performance of mobile drives.
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Jayson, Eric M., James Murphy, Paul W. Smith, and Frank E. Talke. "Shock Test Modeling of a Hard Disk Drive Using Hypermesh and LS-Dyna." In STLE/ASME 2001 International Joint Tribology Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/trib-nano2001-112.
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Abstract A finite element model of a hard disk drive (HDD) is developed for simulating shock testing and head slap. Individual components of the disk drive are modeled using Hypermesh, a commercially available mesh generator. The following components are modeled: the base plate, the impact surface, the actuator arm, the suspension arm, the head gimbal assembly (HGA) and the disk. The boundary conditions and contact surfaces are defined in Hypermesh [1] prior to importing them to the solver, LS-Dyna [2], for the transient finite element solution. The solution calculates displacement, velocity, acceleration and stress at every time step.
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Ben-Yahia, Faycal, James A. Nemes, and Farid Hassani. "Investigation of Structural and Material Effects on Crashworthiness of Advanced High Strength Steel Columns." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-55106.
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An experimental and numerical study was performed to evaluate the crashworthiness of several advanced high strength steels. The behavior of two Dual Phase (DP) steels and an HSLA steel are compared by examining the crush response of longeron column specimens, experimentally and computationally. The closed section columns, fabricated by spot welding formed channel sections, in both single hat and double hat configurations were exposed to 182 kg and 454 kg axial impacts at different velocities. Final column height and impact force history were recorded and compared with results of finite element simulation of the columns. Good agreement was found between experiments and computations.
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Kirpekar, Sujit, and David B. Bogy. "A Study on the Efficacy of Airflow Mitigation Devices in Hard Disk Drives." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63529.
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The turbulent flow of air generated by spinning disks in hard disk drives (HDD) is known to be major contributor to undesirable vibrations of the head stack assembly (HSA). The continuing demand for higher capacities in HDD has resulted in a continual increase in areal densities. Densities in excess of 100 Gb/ in2 have been demonstrated and it is widely projected that conventional technology will ultimately achieve 1 Tb/in2. It is foreseeable that at such areal densities, a track density of 0.5 Million tracks/inch will be required, with each recorded bit being roughly 13 × 50 nm. Under such conditions, the tracking accuracy required is approximately 1.5 nm RMS (root mean square). These goals place stringent requirements on the positioning accuracy of the actuator while accentuating the need to mitigate the various sources of track misregistration (TMR).
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Mou, J. Q., Q. D. Zhang, K. Sundaravadivelu, N. Y. Liu, and E. H. Ong. "Reduction of Flow Induced Vibration in Hard Disk Drive." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37649.
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In this paper, system level analysis is carried out for a functional HDD with two disks and four sliders operating at spindle speed of 15000 rpm. Full numerical models both for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and structural Finite Element Analysis (FEA) are developed. The flow induced vibrations of the sliders in all three directions, namely, off-track (X), down-track (Y) and out-of-plane direction (Z) are examined respectively. The numerical simulation results are compared and validated with the experimental results measured with a 3D laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). Good agreements are observed for the vibrations in the three directions. The airflow patterns and characteristics of the flow induced vibration in HDD for three critical positions of the head gimbal assembly (HGA) parked at the disks identified as ID, MD and OD are investigated. The results reveal that the first slider from top has the highest flow induced vibrations in all the three directions due to the higher turbulent flow close to the top disk surface. Moreover, the results indicate that the slider vibration is interacted with the disk flutter in the HDD. Optimal designs of the HDD disk and air shroud are carried out to reduce the flow induced vibration of the slider, by suppressing the disk flutter and improving the turbulent flow in the HDD. It is demonstrated that significant reduction of flow induced slider vibration could be achieved with the optimal designs of the HDD.
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Lagat, Christopher, Reem Roufail, Vamegh Rasouli, Brian Evans, and Soren Soe. "Experimental Investigation of Steel Coiled Tubes Performance Under Cyclic Bending." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23208.
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Research is currently being undertaken in Australia to develop new drilling technologies for deep mineral exploration. The Deep Exploration Technologies Cooperative Research Centre (DET CRC) has carried out a comprehensive review of the available drilling technologies in the market. Following the study, coiled tube drilling technology has been suggested as a faster and cheaper method than conventional pipe drilling. This is primarily due to its smaller footprint relative to the standard rotary method, ease of unit mobility, less operating personnel, faster rate of penetration, and faster rig up and rig down times. The steel coiled tubing technology has traditionally been used in the petroleum industry. While there have been several attempts to evaluate the performance of coiled tubes in the oil and gas industry, limited or no attempts have been made to assess its performance in deep hard rock mineral exploration drilling. Therefore, DET CRC is in the process of re-designing the coiled tube rig approach to enable fast and efficient drilling of deep micro-holes in hard rocks. Cyclic bending of the coiled tubing past the yield strength point of the material leads to progressive weakening of the tube, which accordingly leads to rapid reduction of the tube service life [1]. Hence fatigue is an important parameter that needs to be considered in material selection for coiled tube and rig design. A bending machine was designed and manufactured to evaluate the fatigue bending strength of conventional HSLA steel tubes. The machine is capable of measuring and recording the bending/flattening resistant forces of the tubes along with the number of bend/flatten events. It can also measure the strain applied on the tube if needed. In this study, several HSLA steel grades and thicknesses of coiled tubes were tested for fatigue bending strength. Fatigued and non-fatigued tubes had their mechanical property alteration tested using tensile test methods. This paper presents the fatigue bending machine. The machine is designed to test most material types of coiled tubes. The paper also reports results of the cyclic bending experiments that were performed on selected grades and sizes of conventional HSLA steel coiled tubes. The paper complements and enhances the understanding of the performance of conventional coiled tube material under fatigue bending conditions.
Reports on the topic "HLA Hart"
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Hellström, Lisa, and Linda Beckman. "Det är lite mer så här mainstream att ha psykisk ohälsa" : Samtal om ungas behov och livsfärdigheter. Malmö universitet, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771691.
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Denna rapport ingår i forskningsprojektet Att skapa goda livsfärdigheter bland unga. Den första delrapporten var en nationell och internationell kartläggning över initiativ och insatser för att främja psykisk hälsa bland unga. Bland insatser som verkar mer lovande – och till synes har goda möjligheter att göra skillnad för ungas psykiska hälsa - framträder insatser vars syfte är att höja kunskapen om psykisk hälsa bland unga och vuxna. Ökad kunskap om psykisk hälsa har visat sig vara ett viktigt verktyg för att utveckla färdigheter i hur man tolkar och förstår sina egna känslor och sin kropp och när man behöver kontakta vården. Dessutom är dessa insat-ser ofta samhällsekonomiskt kostnadseffektiva, eftersom de ger unga bättre livsfärdigheter och på sikt leder till minskat vårdsökande och bättre förutsättningar att klara skolan och i förlängningen arbetslivet. Sådana satsningar går även i linje med Barnkonventionen 24§ om alla barns rätt till bästa möjliga hälsa, som sedan 2020 är lag i Sverige. Rekommendat-ioner från den första delrapporten innefattar att rusta unga med färdigheter för att möta livets svårigheter och höja kunskapen om psykisk ohälsa. Det handlar också om att bistå vuxna med kunskap om psykisk hälsa och verk-tyg som främjar hälsa för att kunna stödja unga. Insatser för att främja unga personers hälsa bör följas upp under en längre tid.I denna rapport presenteras röster från unga och yrkesverksamma vuxna i ungas närhet om ungas livssituation kopplat till livsfärdigheter, psykisk hälsa och behov av stöd. Genom att lyssna in unga kan vi bättre hitta framgångsfaktorer för att främja ungas psykiska hälsa och välbefinnande.
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Kløcker Larsen, Rasmus, and Maria Boström. “Renen får aldrig betesro”: Konsekvenser av Bolidens gruva och vägen i Stihkeområdet för Voernese sameby. Stockholm Environment Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.008.
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Denna rapport presenterar en studie av Voernese samebys erfarenheter av de konsekvenser som gruvan i Stihkeområdet fört med sig, en gruva som drevs av Boliden Mineral AB mellan år 1976–1988. Det finns i dag ett stort kunskapsglapp angående vilka de faktiska konsekvenserna är av gruvindustri på renskötsel och annan samisk markanvändning. Detta är så vitt vi vet första gången som forskningen empiriskt belyser konsekvenserna av gruvindustrin och försöken till efterbehandling av gruvområdet utifrån en samebys egna erfarenheter och kunskap. Studien genomfördes 2019–2020 i ett samarbete mellan samebyn, Svenska Samernas Riksförbund och SEI. Datainsamlingen har bestått av arbetsmöten, intervjuer, workshops, dokumentanalys och kartering med stöd av RenGIS och forskning om störningszoner. Fokus i denna rapport är på just Voernese samebys erfarenheter, gruvans konsekvenser för andra samebyar eller icke-renskötande samer i området har därför inte inkluderats. Resultaten visar den omfattande påverkan som gruvan haft på samebyn, dels under driftperioden men i högsta grad också efteråt. Eftersom samebyn bedriver samrenskötsel i Stihkeområdet med Vilhelmina Södra sameby, på vars mark gruvverksamheten bedrevs, har samebyn påverkats både av direkta markförluster och betesskador från gruvområdet liksom andra störningarna under drifttiden. I nutid handlar de största konsekvenserna om påverkan från vägen som drogs i tidigare väglöst land och störningarna på renen från besöksnäringen. Detta har försvårat för renen att finna betesro, inneburit omfattande merarbete och ökade kostnader för samebyn vid samling och flytt, samt medfört stress och oro för samebyns medlemmar liksom även förlust av traditionell kunskap. Renskötseln försvåras även av kvarlämnade borrör och järnskrot från SGU:s provborrningar. Studien visar också hur samebyn exkluderades från beslutsfattandet när Bolidens gruva etablerades på 1970-talet och nu återigen har marginaliserats i samband med tillståndsprövningen för Vilhelmina Minerals planer för återupptagning av brytningen. Dessa forskningsresultat är viktiga för att korrigera en vanlig missuppfattning i den politiska och offentliga debatten kring gruvindustrin: att gruvindustri och renskötsel skulle kunna samexistera utan någon större påverkan på renskötseln. De bidrar också till en ökad förståelse för den omfattande påverkan som ett gruvprojekt, samt dess följdeffekter, kan ha på en grannsameby trots det att själva gruvområdet ligger utanför samebygränsen. I ett vidare perspektiv bidrar studien med ytterligare ett empiriskt baserat exempel på hur gruvbolag och stat marginaliserar samisk kunskap och missbrukar samebyars deltagande i miljöbedömningar. Dessa problem härrör främst från det faktum att svensk lagstiftning inte ger tillräckligt skydd för samiska rättigheter. Det hänger även ihop med statens tvetydiga roll i hanteringen av de intressekonflikter som uppstår när man både har en skyldighet att skydda samiska rättigheter och ska tillgodose olika samhälls- och företagsekonomiska intressen i utvinningen av mineraler. Denna brist på ansvarstagande, som samebyn upplever från statens sida, visar med all tydlighet att den koloniala exploateringen av naturresurserna i Sápmi inte är ett historiskt fenomen utan något som i högsta grad fortgår än i dag. Som ett exempel har inga ansträngningar gjorts för att se över om den begränsade ekonomiska ersättningen som staten genomförde under 1960–70 talet verkligen motsvarar de faktiska skador som samebyn fått uthärda. På kortare sikt skulle många förbättringar troligen kunna åstadkommas genom enskilda insatser för att adressera de problem som samebyn har i Stihkeområdet. Exempelvis skulle kommun och länsstyrelse kunna ingripa för att hantera de problem som besöksnäringen och friluftslivet orsakar och regeringen skulle kunna ge SGU i uppdrag att återställa tidigare prospekteringsverksamhet i Stihkeområdet. Vad denna studie främst belyser är dock behovet av en mer genomgripande strategi från statens sida för att komma till rätta med konsekvenserna av Bolidens gruvprojekt och dess följdeffekter. Utifrån senaste årens rättsutveckling torde det numera finnas goda möjligheter för staten att se över sitt ansvar för de skador som framkommit i Stihkeområdet.
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Hellström, Lisa, and Linda Beckman. Att främja hälsa och förebbygga ohälsa bland ungdomar : En nationell och internationell kartläggning över initiativ och insatser. Malmö universitet, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771103.
Full textAbstract:
Med denna rapport vill vi förmedla hopp till unga, öka kunskapen, med-vetenheten och minska skammen kring psykisk ohälsa. Unga uttrycker själva att de vill ha mer kunskap om psykisk hälsa och skolan lyfts ofta som en bra plattform. Många unga vet inte vart de ska vända sig för att få hjälp med psykiska besvär och de har behov av att bli lyssnade på. När-varande vuxna som lyssnar behövs, dock saknar många vuxna kunskap om psykiska besvär och diagnoser kopplat till psykisk ohälsa.Psykisk hälsa bland unga är en viktig samhällsfråga som de senaste åren har fått mer uppmärksamhet i samhällsdebatten. Flera satsningar har gjorts av civilsamhällesaktörer och offentliga aktörer. Samtidigt visar den internationella kartläggningen att det är svårt att påvisa långsiktiga effek-ter av alla de satsningar som görs. Det kan finnas flera orsaker till detta. Det finns dock insatser som verkar mer lovande och här finns en möjlighet för beslutsfattare att göra skillnad för ungas psykiska hälsa. Förutom att bespara unga onödigt lidande är dessa insatser ofta samhällsekonomisktkostnadseffektiva, eftersom de på sikt leder till minskat vårdsökande och bättre förutsättningar för unga att klara skolan och i förlängningen arbets-livet. Sådana satsningar går även i linje med Barnkonventionen artikel 24 om alla barns rätt till bästa möjliga hälsa, som sedan 2020 är lag i Sverige. Utifrån kartläggningen har vi följande rekommendationer 1. Rusta unga med färdigheter om psykisk ohälsaUnga bör få tillgång till de kunskaper och färdigheter som enligt forsk-ning visat sig lovande för att främja psykisk hälsa och förebygga ohälsa. Internationellt ges flera av dessa insatser inom ramen för sko-lan. De behöver utveckla sina färdigheter i hur man tolkar och förstår sina egna känslor och sin kropp och vad som är vanlig livssmärta, hur man kan hantera den och när man behöver kontakta vården. Därför bör ett nationellt initiativ som når alla barn tas för att främja barn och ungas kunskap och färdigheter om psykisk hälsa för att rusta dem för livet. Det bör även inkludera information om vart man kan vända sig om man behöver ytterligare stöd eller vård. Unga ska vara delaktiga i utformningen av ett sådant initiativ. 2. Ge vuxna kunskap och verktyg om psykisk hälsa – för att underlätta stöd till ungaBarn och unga behöver närvarande vuxna som har förmågan att lyssna, fånga upp och vägleda dem. Det är inte ovanligt att vuxna i barns och ungas närhet upplever osäkerhet och saknar kunskap om psykiska besvär och diagnoser. Därför behöver vuxna, framförallt föräldrar och yrkes-verksamma som jobbar nära unga, få bättre kunskap och verktyg för hur de ska möta unga på ett bättre sätt. Satsningar på att höja föräldrars kun-skap om psykisk hälsa bör göras, exempelvis i form av föräldrastödspro-gram och folkbildning. Lärare bör även ges grundläggande kunskaper om psykisk hälsa inom ramen för lärarutbildningen. 3. Insatser bör följas upp under en längre tidInsatser för att främja psykisk hälsa bör planeras, implementeras och ut-värderas med långtidsuppföljningar (>12 månader). Detta för att bättre kunna bedöma de långsiktiga effekterna och för att kunna utveckla och anpassa insatserna efterhand.