Academic literature on the topic 'History of method in the classical ag'
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Journal articles on the topic "History of method in the classical ag":
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Yu, Liang, Hongjun You, Qifan Zhang, Lingling Zhang, and Jixiang Fang. "Digestive ripening mechanism investigation in a classical Lee–Meisel method based on in situ UV-vis spectra." CrystEngComm 21, no. 10 (2019): 1529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce02041h.
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Bierska-Piech, Bożena, Dariusz Chocyk, Adam Prószyński, and Eugeniusz Łągiewka. "The Characteristic of the Multilayer Thin Films by X-Ray Reflectometry Method." Solid State Phenomena 163 (June 2010): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.163.80.
Abstract:
The X-ray reflectometry (XR), as a non-destructive method, is a powerful tool in obtaining information about parameters of thin films such as thickness, average density and interface roughness. In this paper Cu/Au, Au/Cu and Cu/Ag multilayer thin films (where the total thickness is less then 1000Å) are presented. The multilayer films are obtained by thermal evaporation in a UHV system, on the silicon substrate. The experimental XR curves contained critical angle and classical Kiessig’s fringes. For these materials the density (), the thickness () and interface roughness () information for every layer separately were calculated. The experimental reflectometry curves were analyzed using the WinGixa programme X’Pert software. The values of layer density show that they are reached in neighbor density and it is connected with the creation of the Cu-Au or Ag-Cu interlayer reached into Cu, Au or Ag, respectively. The analysis of roughness show that there are comparable to roughness of substrate only for 2-3 first layers. Further the roughness of Cu, Au, Ag layers are increasing. The comparison of results show that increasing of Ag an Au roughness is bigger than Cu.
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Sotelo, Andrés, Miguel Torres, María Madre, and Juan Diez. "Influence of Ag on the Properties of Ca0.9Yb0.1MnO3 Sintered Ceramics." Materials 11, no. 12 (December 9, 2018): 2503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122503.
Abstract:
In this study, Ca0.9Yb0.1MnO3 + x wt.% Ag (with x = 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10) thermoelectric materials were prepared via the classical ceramic method. In spite of the very high sintering temperature (1300 °C), no significant Ag losses were observed following this process. Moreover, Ag addition enhanced cation mobility during sintering due to the formation of a liquid phase. Microstructurally, it was found that Ag decreases porosity; this was confirmed by density measurements. Ag was also found to promote the formation of a Ca2Mn2O5 secondary phase. Despite the presence of this secondary phase, samples with Ag displayed lower electrical resistivity than Ag-free ones, without a drastic decrease in the absolute Seebeck coefficient. The highest thermoelectric performances, which were determined by power factor, were obtained in 1 wt.% Ag samples. These maximum values are slightly higher than the best of those reported in the literature for sintered materials with similar compositions, with the additional advantage of their being obtained using a much shorter sintering procedure.
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Li, Zong Mu. "Facile Fabrication of Silver Dendrites by Different Electrodeposition Methods." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 1976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1976.
Abstract:
Three classical electrochemical techniques such as the pulsed potentiostatic method, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic method were used to study the Ag morphology on glassy carbon disk electrode. The results of the three electrochemical methods were compared and the possible formation mechanism of fractal phenomena was discussed. It was found that cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic method are mild, convenient, fast and efficient method to prepare silver fractal structures.
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Wang, Tongxin. "History of Chinese Classical Gardens." International Journal of Education and Humanities 4, no. 3 (September 27, 2022): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v4i3.1814.
Abstract:
From the beginning of Shang Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty the development of Chinese classical landscape gardens went through five periods: the formation period of Shang, Zhou, Qin and Han Dynasties, the transition period of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the heyday of Tang Dynasty, the maturity period of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the middle and end of Qing Dynasty. Five thousand years of glorious Chinese culture makes Chinese classical gardens different from Western gardens and Islamic gardens. The unique garden system and style give rise to the unique and profound Chinese classical garden system in world history. Based on the history of Chinese classical gardens, the paper focuses on the historical background of the development of the Song garden, the characteristics of typical gardens and literati gardens in the two Song dynasties, in order to understand the development process of the Song garden more deeply. Under the condition of learning and understanding, the method and concept characteristics of classical garden design in Song Dynasty are inherited and applied to modern garden planning and design.
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Yan, Jianfeng. "A Review of Sintering-Bonding Technology Using Ag Nanoparticles for Electronic Packaging." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4 (April 6, 2021): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11040927.
Abstract:
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted growing attention in recent years for electronic packaging applications. Ag NPs have emerged as a promising low-temperature bonding material owing to their unique characteristics. In this study, we mainly review our research progress on the interconnection of using polyol-based Ag NPs for electronic packaging. The synthesis, sintering-bonding process, bonding mechanism, and high-temperature joint properties of Ag NP pastes are investigated. The paste containing a high concentration of Ag NPs was prepared based on the polyol method and concentration. A nanoscale layer of organic components coated on the NPs prevents the coalescence of Ag NPs. The effects of organic components on the bondability of the Ag NP paste were studied. Compared to the aqueous-based Ag NP paste, the polyol-based Ag NP with the reduction of organic component can improve the bondability, and the coffee ring effect was successfully depressed due to the increased Marangoni flow. The sintering behaviors of Ag NPs during the bonding process were investigated using the classical sphere-to-sphere approach. The mechanical property of joints using this Ag paste was better than that using Pb95Sn5 solders after storage at high temperatures. The sintering–bonding technology using polyol-based Ag NPs was helpful to the low-temperature interconnection for electronic packaging applications.
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Zhao, Chun, Yujun Ji, Gangqiang Tang, Xin Zhao, Dong Mei, Jie Ru, Denglin Zhu, and Yanjie Wang. "Rapid Preparation of Novel Ionic Polymer–Metal Composite for Improving Humidity Sensing Effect." Polymers 15, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15030733.
Abstract:
Ionic polymer–metal composites (IPMCs) have attracted attention in recent years due to their integration of actuation and sensing functions. As one of the main sensing functions of IPMCs, humidity sensing has been of consistent interest in wearable health monitors and artificial skin. However, there are still some technical challenges in that classical IPMCs have poor humidity sensing performance due to their dense surface electrode, and IPMCs are damaged easily due to an electrode/membrane mismatch. In this work, through the spraying and electrodepositing process, we developed an efficient method to rapidly prepare a Au-shell-Ag-NW (silver nanowire)-based IPMC with high strength, low surface resistance and excellent humidity sensing performance. Meanwhile, we optimized the preparation method by clarifying the influence of solvent type and electrodepositing time on the performance of the Au-shell-Ag-NW-based IPMC, thus effectively improving the humidity sensing effect and strength of the IPMC. Compared with previous research, the humidity electrical response (~9.6 mV) of the Au-shell-Ag-NW-based IPMC is at least two orders of magnitude higher than that of the classical IPMC (~0.41 mV), which is mainly attributed to the sparse gap structure for promoting the exchange of water molecules in the environment and Nafion membrane, a low surface resistance (~3.4 Ohm/sq) for transmitting the signal, and a seamless connection between the electrode and Nafion membrane for fully collecting the ion charges in the Nafion membrane. Additionally, the Au-shell-Ag-NW-based IPMC could effectively monitor the human breathing process, and the humidity sensing performance did not change after being exposed to the air for 4 weeks, which further indicates that the Au-shell-Ag-NW-based IPMC has good application potential due to its efficient preparation technology, high stability and good reproducibility.
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DAKHEL, A. A. "OPTICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF Ag NANOPARTICLES Eu OXIDE FILMS." International Journal of Nanoscience 07, no. 06 (December 2008): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x08005523.
Abstract:
Silver-incorporated europium oxide thin films have been prepared by the successive evaporation method on quartz and silicon substrates. The silver concentration was 2.5% and 8.9% respectively, as measured by X-ray fluorescence. X-ray diffraction revealed that the Eu oxide of these samples remained amorphous after preannealing at 450°C; however, it crystallized in bcc structure at 800°C. The lattice parameter of the crystallized Eu oxide was larger than that of the bulk, due to the adsorption of Ag + ions, which have a higher ionic radius. The optical absorption of the samples manifested the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon, which varied with the Ag content and preannealings of the samples at different temperatures. The Ag nanoparticle radius was estimated with the Mie classical theory by using the SPR data analysis.
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O'Brien, R. L., P. Marrack, U. Storb, and J. W. Kappler. "B cells expressing Ig transgenes respond to a T-dependent antigen only in the presence of Ia-compatible T cells." Journal of Immunology 141, no. 10 (November 15, 1988): 3335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.141.10.3335.
Abstract:
Abstract We sought a quicker and easier method for the isolation of B cells enriched for a given Ag specificity. Here, we report our results using transgenic mice bearing mu- and kappa-transgenes that encode an IgR against the hapten phosphorylcholine. Splenic B cells from such mice had a high percentage of phosphorylcholine-binding cells and differentiated in vitro in response to T cell hybridomas in an Ag-specific, Ia-restricted manner. Supernatants from such in vitro cultures could not transfer helper activity, nor could the T cell be replaced in other ways tried when using a classical T-dependent Ag. These results support the model of a cognate interaction between T and B cell, and we present evidence that the interaction may consist of two or more steps.
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Mukoyama, Takeshi, and Károly Tőkési. "L-Shell Ionization Cross Sections for Silver by Low-Energy Electron Impacts." Atoms 10, no. 4 (October 19, 2022): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms10040116.
Abstract:
The L-subshell ionization cross sections and total L–X-ray production cross sections for the Ag atom by the electron impact near the ionization threshold were calculated with a classical-trajectory Monte Carlo method. The results were compared with experimental data, quantum mechanical calculations, and the cross sections by positron impact. It was demonstrated that the classical treatments are useful for electron–atom collisions at energies higher than about six times the binding energies of target electrons but overestimate L-shell ionization and L–X-ray production cross sections at low energies near the threshold. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "History of method in the classical ag":
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Huiban, Arthur. "La claritas scripturae dans les espaces confessionnels de l'Europe moderne ( XVIe - XVIIe siècles)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H209.
Abstract:
L'affirmation de la claritas Scripturae constitue un dogme fondamental du protestantisme, commun, au moins dans son principe essentiel, aux deux confessions luthérienne et réformée, et très largement partagé par la plupart des tendances protestantes marginales ou dissidentes. Attachée au mobile général de la sola Scriptura selon des liens d'implications doctrinales dont nous tâchons ici de préciser la nature, cette proclamation protestante de la clarté de la Bible a favorisé ou accompagné, à l'époque moderne et dans un contexte de controverses religieuses, le développement d'argumentations et de constructions théoriques nouvelles, dans des domaines du savoir aussi divers que la théologie, les arts du discours, la théorie de la connaissance ou la science juridique. Nous nous efforçons ici de retracer l'histoire de l'élaboration et des évolutions de ce dogme dans la diversité des espaces confessionnels de l’Europe moderne, à partir de l'étude du jeu des conjonctures intellectuelles et contextuelles qui en ont motivé l'affirmation ou transformer le sens. À cette occasion, nous tentons de nous rendre particulièrement attentifs à l'hétérogénéité des figures et des motivations qui ont porté cette construction lente, aussi bien qu'à l'éclatement des genres discursifs au sein desquels celle-ci a pu trouver un cadre d'expression privilégié (écrits de controverses, écrits apologétiques, confessions de foi, sommes théologiques, manuels et catéchismes, traités philosophiques...) Suivant le fil de cette évolution, depuis les premières expressions luthériennes du principe de la claritas scripturae dans les années 1520 jusqu'au crépuscule des « orthodoxies » protestantes au début du XVIIIe siècle, nous nous confrontons, sous une perspective originale, à certains des plus grands débats – et peut-être des plus grands mythes – de l’historiographie protestante, du point de vue d’une histoire des idées déployée tant dans ses ramifications philosophiques (l’invention de l’herméneutique et de l’exégèse critique, l’invention de la subjectivité moderne), que dans ses aspects théologiques (la continuité doctrinale de la première Réforme et de l‘orthodoxie, l’émergence du rationalisme et de la théologie naturelle) ou politiques (l’invention de la liberté de conscience, le problème de la confessionnalisation)The claritas Scripturae constitutes a fundamental dogma of Protestantism, common, at least in its essential principle, to both Lutheran and Reformed confessions, and very widely shared by most of the marginal or dissenting Protestant tendencies (arminian, socinian, baptist...) Attached to the general motive of the sola Scriptura, this Protestant proclamation of the clarity of the Bible has favored or accompanied, in modern times and in a context of religious controversies, the development of new theoretical arguments in fields of knowledge as diverse as theology, the arts of discourse, gnoseology or legal science. We endeavor here to retrace the history of the development and the evolutions of this dogma in the various confessional spaces of modern Europe, starting from the study of the intellectual and contextual conjunctures which motivated it. On this occasion, we try to pay particular attention to the figures and the motivations which led to this slow construction, as well as to the bursting of discursive genres within which it was able to find a privileged expression (controversies, apologetics, confessions of faith, theological systems, catechisms, philosophical treatises ...) Following the thread of this evolution, since the first Lutheran expressions of the principle of claritas scripturae in the 1520s until the twilight of Protestant ‘orthodoxies’ at the beginning of the 18th century, we then confront, from an original perspective, with some of the greatest debates – and perhaps the greatest myths – of Protestant historiography, from the point of view of of an history of ideas deployed both in its philosophical ramifications (the invention of hermeneutics and critical exegesis, the invention of modern subjectivity), whether in its theological (the doctrinal continuity of the First Reformation and orthodoxy, the emergence of rationalism and natural theology) or political aspects (the invention of freedom of conscience, the problem of confessionalization)
Books on the topic "History of method in the classical ag":
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Timpanaro, Sebastiano. The genesis of Lachmann's method. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2005.
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Mansfeld, Jaap. Aëtiana: The method and intellectual context of a doxographer. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1997.
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Hermogenes. Invention and method: Two rhetorical treatises from the Hermogenic corpus. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2005.
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Karabuschenko, Pavel. Political hermeneutics. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/995431.
Abstract:
The monograph is devoted to the problem of formation and development of this branch of the division of hermeneutics as a political hermeneutics. Considered as the very origins of this hermeneutic stemming directly from the history of classical hermeneutics (Chapter 1) and its methodological principles (Chapter 2) and application characteristics (Chapter 3). It is from this triad (history — theory — practice) by the author and displayed the Foundation of political hermeneutics, which seems to them as the "deep method" study of the essence of the political elites and elitism and is characterized as a methodological division of lithologie to uncover the political "backstage" as the main sphere of professional activity of non-public elites.
In the formation of hermeneutical understanding, it is important to clarify the internal relationship of this triad as a "language — word — text". The author consistently reveals the idea that language is expressed in the word exactly the same as the word in the text, which in turn is designed for disclosure in another language and in another word
(in the "I — don't-Ya").
Designed for students and professionals; anyone interested in the problems of political consciousness and thinking of the elites.
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Graglia, Roberto D., Giuseppe Pelosi, and Stefano Selleri, eds. International Workshop on Finite Elements for Microwave Engineering. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-968-9.
Abstract:
When Courant prepared the text of his 1942 address to the American Mathematical Society for publication, he added a two-page Appendix to illustrate how the variational methods first described by Lord Rayleigh could be put to wider use in potential theory. Choosing piecewise-linear approximants on a set of triangles which he called elements, he dashed off a couple of two-dimensional examples and the finite element method was born. … Finite element activity in electrical engineering began in earnest about 1968-1969. A paper on waveguide analysis was published in Alta Frequenza in early 1969, giving the details of a finite element formulation of the classical hollow waveguide problem. It was followed by a rapid succession of papers on magnetic fields in saturable materials, dielectric loaded waveguides, and other well-known boundary value problems of electromagnetics. … In the decade of the eighties, finite element methods spread quickly. In several technical areas, they assumed a dominant role in field problems. P.P. Silvester, San Miniato (PI), Italy, 1992 Early in the nineties the International Workshop on Finite Elements for Microwave Engineering started. This volume contains the history of the Workshop and the Proceedings of the 13th edition, Florence (Italy), 2016 . The 14th Workshop will be in Cartagena (Colombia), 2018.
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Structure And Method In Aristotles Meteorologica A More Disorderly Nature. Cambridge University Press, 2013.
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Asper, Markus. Thinking in Cases: Ancient Greek and Imperial Chinese Case Narratives. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2020.
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Asper, Markus. Thinking in Cases: Ancient Greek and Imperial Chinese Case Narratives. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2020.
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Brannigan, Augustine. Use and Misuse of the Experimental Method in Social Psychology: An Examination of Classical Research. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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Brannigan, Augustine. Use and Misuse of the Experimental Method in Social Psychology: An Examination of Classical Research. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
Book chapters on the topic "History of method in the classical ag":
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Islam, Md Nazrul. "History, Theory, and Method from the Classical Texts." In Chinese and Indian Medicine Today, 37–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3962-1_2.
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Feng, Z., P. Gu, M. Zheng, X. Yan, and D. W. Bao. "Environmental Data-Driven Performance-Based Topological Optimisation for Morphology Evolution of Artificial Taihu Stone." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 117–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_11.
Abstract:
AbstractTaihu stone is the most famous one among the top four stones in China. It is formed by the water's erosion in Taihu Lake for hundreds or even thousands of years. It has become a common ornamental stone in classical Chinese gardens because of its porous and intricate forms. At the same time, it has become a cultural symbol through thousands of years of history in China; later, people researched its spatial aesthetics; there are also some studies on its structural properties. For example, it has been found that the opening of Taihu stone caves has a steady-state effect which people develop its value in the theory of Poros City, Porosity in Architecture and some cultural symbols based on the original ornamental value of Taihu stone. This paper introduces a hybrid generative design method that integrates the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) techniques. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation enables architects and engineers to predict and optimise the performance of buildings and environment in the early stage of the design and topology optimisation techniques BESO has been widely used in structural design to evolve a structure from the full design domain towards an optimum by gradually removing inefficient material and adding materials simultaneously. This research aims to design the artificial Taihu stone based on the environmental data-driven performance feedback using the topological optimisation method. As traditional and historical ornament craftwork in China, the new artificial Taihu stone stimulates thinking about the new value and unique significance of the cultural symbol of Taihu stone in modern society. It proposes possibilities and reflections on exploring the related fields of Porosity in Architecture and Poros City from the perspective of structure.
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Fornaro, Sotera. "Karl Lachmann: Method and Science." In History of Classical Philology, 117–32. De Gruyter, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110730388-006.
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"Nonlinear Static Analysis Method." In Structural Dynamics and Static Nonlinear Analysis From Theory to Application, 285–344. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4399-3.ch011.
Abstract:
This chapter presents the nonlinear static methods of analyses for seismic design of structures considered by Eurocode 8. The first method is the nonlinear pushover procedure, which is based on the N2 method. The second method is the classical nonlinear time history analysis. The first method is studied in more detail, because the second method is a well-established procedure whose only drawback is the time necessary for the analyses. Nonlinear solvers and procedure in program Z_Soil are described. After a simple nonlinear SDOF application, a test-bed application consisting of an existing two-story reinforced concrete building in Bonefro, Italy is used to compare the two nonlinear procedures. The selected building is representative of typical residential building construction in Italy in the 1970s and 1980s. The aim of this chapter section is to compare 2D and 3D procedures implemented in Z_Soil software. The second example is a 14-story reinforced concrete building designed according to the Algerian code using Sap2000 software.
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Käppel, Lutz. "Schleiermacher’s Work and Influence on Classical Studies." In The Oxford Handbook of Friedrich Schleiermacher, 487–504. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198846093.013.30.
Abstract:
Abstract Schleiermacher can be regarded as the intellectual and organizational founding father of modern German classical scholarship, as it was practiced from the nineteenth century onwards. His interpretation of Plato is still the landmark of Platonic studies for followers as well as detractors. His method of interpretation in the reconstruction of lost authors from fragments and testimonies is still the backbone of all modern editions of fragments. His theory of hermeneutics, which was systematically developed in the medium of translation and reconstruction, is still an integral standard approach to ancient texts. The concept of German “Altertumswissenschaft” goes back to his organization of scholarship in the academic environment in Berlin. One cannot overrate the contributions of this outstanding scholar in so many fields, especially for the history of classical studies. The chapter explains this relevance—both specific and fundamental—of Schleiermacher’s work for the history and current state of classical scholarship and hermeneutics.
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Nour, Karim. "On storage operators." In Twenty Five Years of Constructive Type Theory. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198501275.003.0011.
Abstract:
λ-calculus as such is not a computational model. A reduction strategy is needed. In this paper, we consider λ-calculus with the left reduction. This strategy has many advantages: it always terminates when applied to a normalizable λ-term and it seems more economic since we compute λ-term only when we need it. But the major drawback of this strategy is that a function must compute its argument every time it uses it. This is the reason why this strategy is not really used. In 1990 Krivine (1990b) introduced the notion of storage operators in order to avoid this problem and to simulate call-by-value when necessary. The AF2 type system is a way of interpreting the proof rules for second-order intuitionistic logic plus equational reasoning as construction rules for terms. Krivine (1990b) has shown that, by using Gödel translation from classical to intuitionistic logic (denoted byg), we can find in system AF2 a very simple type for storage operators. Historically the type was discovered before the notion of storage operator itself. Krivine (1990a) proved that as far as totality of functions is concerned second-order classical logic is conservative over second-order intuitionistic logic. To prove this, Krivine introduced the following notions: A[x] is an input (resp. output) data type if one can prove intuitionistically A[x] → Ag[x] (resp. Ag[x] → ⇁⇁A[x]). Then if A[x] is an input data type and B[x] is an output data type, then if one can prove A[x] → B[x] classically one can prove it intuitionistically. The notion of storage operator was discovered by investigating the property of all λ-terms of type Ng[x] → ⇁⇁N[x] where N[x] is the type of integers. Parigot (1992) and Krivine (1994) have extended the AF2 system to classical logic. The method of Krivine is very simple: it consists of adding a new constant, denoted by C, with the declaration С: ∀X{⇁⇁ X → X} which axiomatizes classical logic over intuitionistic logic. For the constant C, he adds a new reduction rule which is a particular case of a rule given by Felleisen (1987) for control operator.
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Kılınçarslan, Yasemin. "A Woman Director in the History of Animated Film." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 159–71. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1774-1.ch011.
Abstract:
Rapidly spreading computer technologies cause many classical art applications to disappear. One of these is the classic stop motion animation cinema. Animation film director Lotte Reiniger has an important place in the history of cinema both through her personality and films. The avant-garde style of the director puts her in the category of modern artists. Reiniger's technical and stylistic innovations in the art of animation are still important. In this study, the artistic life and film aesthetics of the Lotte Reiniger will be discussed and the elements that make it an auteur method will be examined through her animation films.
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Varier, M. R. Raghava. "The Age of the Samhitas." In A Brief History of Āyurveda, 40–65. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190121082.003.0003.
Abstract:
The systematic and codified knowledge of Āyurveda attained maturity in the classical texts of the samhitas. They are several texts and each of them is attached to the name of an ācārya, preceptor, such as Caraka, Suśruta, Bhela, Kāśyapa, and Hārīta. The knowledge and wisdom of indigenous healing and healthcare are explained in the samhitas with special references to a particular branch of the system of medicine. Thus kāyacikitsa, general medicine, is the subject of the Carakasamhita while śalyacikitsa, surgery, is the subject of the Suśrutasamhita. Bhēḷasamhita deals mainly with diseases and treatments for the mind, Kāśyapasamhita focuses on koumārabhṛtya, pediatrics, and the subject of the Hārītasamhita is gṛhabādha, demonology, and allied matters. What were preserved in preceding literature including the Vedas, the Brāhmaņas, and the Buddhist Pali canonical texts as seeds and seedlings are found fully grown in the samhitas, nourished by scholarly discussions at various levels. The indigenous medical system was designated as Āyurveda by the time of the samhitas. Topics such as qualities of a preceptor, qualities of a disciple, and qualities of the science are discussed in the various samhitas. Initiation of the disciples, knowledge of anatomy, procedure of treatment, and Modalities of treatment are discussed in great detail. The traditional method of the daivavyapāśraya (the divine or magico-religious) mode of treatment of the Vedic tradition was replaced by the yuktivyapāśraya (empirico-rational) method of therapy with the codification of the Carakasamhita. The emphasis of Caraka was on the process of investigation, which is essential for arriving at scientific truth and hence he repeatedly uses the word parīkṣa instead of pramāṇa.
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Aleksandrova, Tatiana L. "Late Antique Paraphrases and Centons as a Special Method of the Interpretation of Texts." In Translation, Interpretation, Commentary in the Eastern and Western Literature, 247–92. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0710-6-247-292.
Abstract:
The paper gives an overview of the history of Paraphrase in Late Antiquity, considers its different types (school grammatic Paraphrase: the tutorial Paraphrase composed by the teacher, literary Paraphrase in verse or in prose and so on). The literary Paraphrase is based on the principle of competitiveness. For this reason, Paraphrases of classical works of the ancient literature are considerably rare. The same principle of competitiveness gave rise to numerous Biblical Paraphrases, both that of New and Old Testament, especially popular in the Latin World, but existing in the Greek World as well. Nevertheless, the embellishment of the text that seemed lacking of literariness is not the only task of Biblical Paraphrases. Each Paraphrase to one degree or another represents a new interpretation of the text. The Centos existing both in Latin and Greek worlds are close to the Paraphrases. In comparison with common Paraphrases a more significant role plays intertextuality involving not only Biblical text but the Classical texts, whence the verbal material is taken, as well. Paraphrases and Centos are genres undeservedly underestimated. They are of interest as a special way of conveying to the reader the content of authoritative texts.
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Neer, Richard. "Small Wonders Figurines, Puppets, and the Aesthetics of Scale in Archaic and Classical Greece." In Figurines, 11–50. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198861096.003.0002.
Abstract:
This chapter addresses the aesthetics of smallness with regard to material from Archaic and Classical Greece (roughly, from the late eighth to the late fourth centuries BCE). It sketches a range of historical possibilities to relate ancient Greek concepts of scale and likeness to the research protocols of art history and archaeology. It explores the ancient concepts and corpora, with two propositions: 1. that smallness in Archaic and Classical Greece could be wonderful, in that it could make a work of craft what the Greeks called a thauma idesthai, “a wonder to behold for itself and oneself”; 2. to show that the comparativist method to accommodate ancient categories in a modern disciplinary infrastructure requires an eclectic and egalitarian approach to evidence that combines archaeological taxonomy with the reading habits of philology and art history, corpus scholarship with close looking.
Conference papers on the topic "History of method in the classical ag":
1
Rui, Xiaoting, Xun Wang, Qinbo Zhou, and Jianshu Zhang. "Developments in Transfer Matrix Method for Multibody Systems (Rui Method) and its Applications." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85782.
Abstract:
Compared to classical mechanics, the transfer matrix method for multibody systems is a rather novel approach for analyzing multibody system dynamics. For its features that it avoids the global dynamics equation of the system, keeps a high computational speed and allows highly formalized programming, this method has been widely used in science research as well as design of dynamics performance and experiments for various complicated mechanical systems. Up to now, there have been more than 50 research directions in science research and key engineering applications based on this method. In this paper, the following aspects are systematically reviewed: history, basic principles, formulas, algorithm, automatic deduction theorem of overall transfer equation, visualized simulation and design software, comparison with other dynamics methods, tendency, and future research directions.
2
Shi, Duoqi, Muwei Cheng, Xiaoguang Yang, and Yongsheng Fan. "An Integrated Creep Damage Analysis Method of Turbine Blades Based on the Service History." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-82760.
Abstract:
Abstract The creep fracture life of turbine blades is a limitation of the whole engine life because of its high operating temperature. Thus, developing an analysis approach of creep damage based on complex service history is of significant importance for the safe operation and economic overhaul. Within this content, an integrated creep damage analysis method is constructed, which can be used to calculate the accumulation of creep damage in real time once obtaining the service history. This approach first gets some critical parameters such as rotor speed and turbine forward temperature of the turbine blades through thermodynamic performance model of the engine. Then the stress and temperature states of the turbine blade is obtained by the thermal-fluid-solid coupling analysis. Based on the numerical results, a train of surrogate models from engine operating state to the detail load states including temperature, thermal stress and centrifugal stress are established. The classical Rabotnov-Kachanov creep model is selected to calculate the creep damage accumulation. This integrated damage analysis method has been carried out by a turbofan engine’s turbine blades. The results show that this method works well and quickly when faced with a large number of flight record data with only once numerical simulation under the typical service state. The blades damage accumulation changes reasonably as flight profile. The proposed method decreases the time cost by the developed surrogate models when flight profile changes, which has the potential to be used to monitor individual engine life and to extend to study the other damage types of turbine blades under different flight loads.
3
Leone, G., V. De Stefano, R. Ferrelli, C. Barone, C. Garufi, and B. Bizzi. "PROTHROMBIN AND ANTITHROMBIN III IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643209.
Abstract:
Prothrombin (F.II) and antithrombin III (AT III) levels were measured in 11 patients (mean age 61 years) with hepatocellular carcinoma; F.II antigen (Ag) mean levels (Laurell) were 1.39±0.53 U/ml and F.II activity (Ac) (clotting method) 0.9±0.21 U/ml; AT III Ag mean levels (radial immunodiffusion) were 1.18±0.32 U/ml and AT III heparin cofactor (HC) (amidolytic method) 1.15±0.31 U /ml. In 5 patients F.II Ag was higher than 1.2 U/ml; no patient had F.II Ag lower than 0.8 U/ml (normal range 0.7-1.2 U/ml). F.II Ac was in the normal range in all patients. In 4 patients both AT III Ag and HC were higher than 1.2 U/ml; no patient had AT III Ag and HC lower than 0.8 U/ml (normal range 0.75-1.2 U/ml). Seven patients had a long history of liver cirrhosis and 2 of them sho wed AT III Ag and HC of 1.8 U/ml; one of these two patients had F.II Ag and Ac around 1.00 U/ml, whereas the other had F.II Ag 2.4 U/ml and F.II Ac 1.2 U/ml. In these two patients a prelimina ry more extensive study was performed. In both subjects AT III plasma crossed immunoelectrophoresis was normal in the presence and absence of heparin and AT III crossed immunoelectrofocusing (CIEF) showed a normal pattern of 6 peaks (pH 5.2-4.6) and two additional small peaks at pH 4.5 and 5.4. In the patient with in creased F.II Ag the CIEF of plasma prothrombin showed a large peak with asymmetric branches at pH 5.2-4.9, as in the control, and a large additional peak at pH 5.9; after plasma absorption with Al(OH), the F.II CIEF pattern showed only the abnormal peek. We conclude that in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma F.II and AT III are normal, independently of previous history of cirrhosis; moreover, in agreement with previous studies (N.Engl.J. Med. 310,1427,1984), an abnormal prothrombin, which we demonstra ted characterizable by the CIEF, can be synthesized.
4
Li, Lin, and Bao Feng Wang. "A New Method of Calculating Transient Response of Complex Rotors." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53812.
Abstract:
In this paper the ‘transfer coefficient-direct integral method’ is developed to analysis of transient response of rotor systems, especially for non-linear rotor systems. The main difference from the classical transfer matrix-direct integral method rests with the introduction of complex modal analysis corresponding to positive and negative whirling frequencies, and after obtaining the critical speed and the corresponding vibration modes by the transfer coefficient method it is no longer necessary to do transfer calculation (but in classical transfer matrix-direct integral method, after every integral step, it is necessary to do a transfer calculation through the whole rotor system). In the transfer coefficient-direct integral method, corresponding every integral step it is only a linear transformation between the real displacements and the modal displacements. It makes the transfer calculation and the direct integral become two independent steps of the calculation. Each step fully takes advantages of the method correspondent. The whole analysis procedure is then greatly simplified. The paper gives, at first, the principle of the transfer coefficient-direct integral method. After this, the transient response of a co-axial double rotor system with a squeeze film damper is calculated by the method. The response history of the system from an initial time to stable state is given.
5
Ito, Takahiro. "R&D of the Next Generation Safety Analysis Methods for Fast Reactors With New Computational Science and Technology: 5 — Study of Eutectic Reaction Between Metals: Classical Molecular Dynamics Approach." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48500.
Abstract:
Molecular dynamics study on eutectic phenomena between two metal materials is performed for development of a new MPS-based code named ‘COMPASS’ [1] being developed for meso-scale analysis of core disruptive accidents in Sodium-cooled fast reactor. In this study, Cu-Ag system is simulated by classical molecular dynamics to provide knowledge on detailed mechanisms on the inception and extension of eutectic melting. Embedded Atom Method [2] which has been used in many studies associated with atomic behavior of metals is applied. First, melting temperature of solid solution of Cu-Ag binary system is investigated. The analytical result on the dependence of the melting temperature on the atomic fraction of Cu shows good agreement with the experiments. The melting behavior on the interface between two pure Cu and Ag slabs are then simulated. It is shown that the melting temperature at the interface is lowered depending on the local value of the atomic fraction there and is almost identical to that of solid solution with the corresponding atomic fraction.
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Liu, Shu-Yong, Xiang Yu, and Shi-Jian Zhu. "Comprehensive Method of Chaotic Vibration Identification." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84212.
Abstract:
When the parameters are in a special range, the response of a nonlinear vibration system is chaotic, which is different from the classical regular response such as primary, super-, sub-, ultra-sub-harmonic resonances. Because the chaotic time series looks like random signal, the characteristics of the chaos cannot be identified from the time history. This paper presents a comprehensive method to identify the chaotic vibration. The attractor of the system is reconstructed in the phase space, and thus the characteristics of the chaotic signal are reflected by the attractor. If the attractor is regular, the response may be periodic. If the topologic structure of the phase diagram is very complicate, the attractor is strange, that is, the system may be in a chaotic state. Correlation dimension and Lyapunov exponent are calculated to prove the conclusions above. It is clear that if the correlation dimension is fraction and the Lyapunov exponent is positive, the measured signal is chaotic. The difference between chaotic signal and noise is studied as well Results show that the comprehensive method can be applied to identify the chaotic vibration efficiently.
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Burgess, J. A., M. K. Au-Yang, and C. K. Chandler. "Non-Linear Time Domain Method to Predict Tube-to-Tube Support Plate Fretting Wear in Steam Generators." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93025.
Abstract:
Fretting-wear of nuclear heat exchanger equipment is addressed at the design stage to demonstrate that the tube and tube support plate components will meet their design life. AREVA has developed a method to predict the progression of fretting-wear using a combination of the predicted work-rates determined from the non-linear interaction of the tube and tube support plates caused by turbulence-induced vibration and the forces associated with fluid-elastic instability. The wear rate is then computed based upon the work-rate and the experimentally determined wear coefficient of the material pair. This solution is performed with a time domain analysis using a time history modal superposition method. Time history forcing functions are first obtained by the inverse Fourier transform of the power spectral density function used in classical turbulence-induced vibration analysis. The fluid-structure coupling force, which is dependent on the cross-flow velocity, is linearly superimposed onto the turbulence forcing function. The tube responses are then computed by direct integration in the time domain. The results of the analysis show that the highest work-rates occur at the design tube-to-tube support plate clearance configuration and become progressively lower over the life of the heat exchanger. The work-rates and the turbulence-induced vibration response of the tube are computed at several mid-life time steps based upon the increased tube-to-tube support plate clearances resulting from the tube wear.
8
Zhang, Wei, Youhua Qian, and Qian Wang. "Periodic Solutions for Coupled Van Der Pol Oscillators of Two-Degree-of-Freedom Solved by Homotopy Analysis Method." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87135.
Abstract:
Innumerable engineering problems can be described by multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) nonlinear dynamical systems. The theoretical modelling of such systems is often governed by a set of coupled second-order differential equations. Albeit that it is extremely difficult to find their exact solutions, the research efforts are mainly concentrated on the approximate analytical solutions. The homotopy analysis method (HAM) is a useful analytic technique for solving nonlinear dynamical systems and the method is independent on the presence of small parameters in the governing equations. More importantly, unlike classical perturbation technique, it provides a simple way to ensure the convergence of solution series by means of an auxiliary parameter ħ. In this paper, the HAM is presented to establish the analytical approximate periodic solutions for two-degree-of-freedom coupled van der Pol oscillators. In addition, comparisons are conducted between the results obtained by the HAM and the numerical integration (i.e. Runge-Kutta) method. It is shown that the higher-order analytical solutions of the HAM agree well with the numerical integration solutions, even if time t progresses to a certain large domain in the time history responses.
9
Baldwin, J. D., J. G. Thacker, and T. T. Baber. "Estimation of Structural Reliability Under Random Fatigue Conditions." In ASME 1991 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1991-0007.
Abstract:
Abstract A procedure for determining the reliability of a structural element or machine part is presented. The solution assumes that the stress history in the part can be described by a narrow band, stationary, Gaussian random process and that the fatigue behavior of the part is governed by the classical S-N curve. Endurance limit modifications are discussed and a procedure is presented for determining the mean and standard deviation of the static stresses acting throughout a structure. A numerical example is presented showing the method applied to estimate the fatigue reliability of a power wheelchair frame.
10
Adibi-Asl, R., and W. Reinhardt. "The Elastic Modulus Adjustment Procedure (EMAP) for Shakedown." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61641.
Abstract:
A simple and systematic procedure is proposed for shakedown analysis using combination of linear and non-linear finite element analysis (FEA). The method can identify the boundary between the shakedown and ratcheting domains directly does not require a time history analysis (non-cyclic). The proposed method is based on elastic modulus adjustment procedure (EMAP) and non-cyclic elastic-plastic FEA. The aim of EMAP is to generate statically admissible stress distributions and kinematically admissible strain distributions. By modifying the local elastic moduli it is possible to obtain an inelastic-like stress redistribution. The method is first demonstrated with a two-bar structure model based on analytical routine. The analysis is then applied to some typical shakedown problems including the “classical Bree problem” and the “bi-material cylinder”.