Academic literature on the topic 'HISTORY / Military / Vehicles'
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Journal articles on the topic "HISTORY / Military / Vehicles"
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Ciechanowski, Grzegorz. "Fighting vehicles in Polish military contingents in Syria and Former Yugoslavia in the years 1992-2016." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 193, no. 3 (September 16, 2019): 397–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4999.
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The article presents the analysis of the use of military vehicles in Polish military contingents fulfilling their mandated tasks in the Middle East and Former Yugoslavia. It encompasses the nature of operations con-ducted in these places and the resulting role of the vehicles used there. It also describes the history of their making and development, basic technical data and opinions about their use during the said tasks. The analysis comprised the following vehicles: Finnish Sisu XA-180, which is the prototype of KTO Rosomak and RG-31 Nyala vehicles originating from the Republic of South Africa and used by Polish military forces in the UNDOF mission. The group of machines which were part of the equipment used by contingents in missions in Former Yugoslavia is rep-resented by: Honker Tarpan off-road vehicle, AMZ Dzik 2 armoured vehicle, BRDM-2 reconnaissance patrol vehicle and BWP-1 infantry fighting vehicle.
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Cyprian Aleksander, Kozera. "Military Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – A Historical Study." Safety & Defense 4 (October 5, 2018): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37105/sd.4.
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The following study is devoted to the phenomenon of unmanned aerial vehicles used throughout known history on the battlefield or for military purposes. The purpose of the following text is to familiarise the reader with an overview with the contemporary and historical employment of the unmanned vehicles on the battlefield. The study also aims to show that the concept of unmanned combat vehicles, also unmanned aerial combat vehicles, is far more ancient than is it is widely known. The article is based on theoretical research methods, mostly multinational academic literature. The author starts with an introduction on the role of limiting soldiers’ fatalities and the concept of removing military men from the battleground. Then, the author presents known examples of using unmanned ships in battles from Thucydides’ times to the invention of the Hell-burner of Antwerp. Further, the case of first unmanned combat aerial vehicle is presented, the bombing balloons from the nineteenth century, followed by a more contemporary study of the military use of unmanned aircrafts. The article is concluded with an analysis of the present employment of drones when they tend to substitute manned aircrafts on various occasions, especially when a mission is deemed “dull, dirty or dangerous”.
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Luparenko, Hryhorii. "The front line transporter as the embodiment of the USSR military doctrine in the middle of the 20th century." History of science and technology 12, no. 1 (June 19, 2022): 114–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2022-12-1-114-132.
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The paper based on a source analysis of the history of creation, design, and production of LuAZ-967, LuAZ-967M, against the background of the processes of implementing projects of small tactical high mobility wheeled vehicles for the armies of European countries, shows that the developing, testing, and commissioning a front line transporter became a deepening of the process of motorization of the Soviet army. The designs of similar vehicles have been analyzed. An attempt to assess the degree of uniqueness of the front line transporter design and its place in the history of technology, as well as its potential as a reminder of science and technology has been made. The experience of using various civilian and military vehicles in the army required the creation of a special small transporter. In each of the countries, developing their designs, embodying new original or time-tested ideas, ones developed vehicles both for the army and for separate armed forced formations. Features of the automotive industry of the countries were reflected in the design of army vehicles. The works and operation Volkswagen Type 82, Volkswagen Schwimmer Type 166, DKW Munga, Volkswagen Type 181 in the armed forced formations in Germany had a significant impact on the spread of the concept of an army small transporter. In France, production of a licensed sample of Willys and the original Citroën Méhari was launched. The Steyr-Daimler-Puch vehicle (Austria) has become one of the most original, successful developments of a small transporter for difficult operating conditions. The development of a front line transporter in the USSR fully corresponded to the challenges of the time and it was carried out through similar stages. The first transporter projects developed by the Scientific Automotive Institute used heavy motorcycle engines mastered in production. It was the lack of the necessary engine for the vehicle that was the main reason for the long proof of the project. Only after the involvement of the designers of the automobile plant in Zaporizhzhia and the installation of units of the mass-produced ZAZ vehicle in the transporter made it possible to prove the design and to master small-scale production. The use of the most powerful engine of a production vehicle, which would correspond to the concept of a small army vehicle, had enabled to master mass production for the army and the development of vehicles for the civilian market. An analysis of the front line transporter design, its systems, compared with its foreign counterparts, suggests that it is a Soviet refinement of the concept of a small army vehicle, a more specific means directly for the battlefield. At the same time, it was developed taking into account foreign developments and similar designs, imitating individual designs, adapting to the capabilities of the USSR automotive industry.
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Bernatskyi, Artemii, and Mykola Sokolovskyi. "History of military laser technology development in military applications." History of science and technology 12, no. 1 (June 19, 2022): 88–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2022-12-1-88-113.
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The aim of this research is to study the development as well as the known cases of military applications of laser technologies – from the first lasers employed in auxiliary systems to modern complex independent laser systems. For better understanding and systematization of knowledge about development of historical applications in the military field, an analysis of publicly known knowledge about their historical applications in the leading world countries was conducted. The study focuses on development that was carried out by the superpowers of the Cold War and the present era, namely the United States, the Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of China, and were built in metal. Multiple avenues of various applications of laser technology in military applications were studied, namely: military laser rangefinders; ground and aviation target designators; precision ammunition guidance systems; non-lethal anti-personnel systems; systems, designed to disable optoelectronics of military vehicles; as well as strategic and tactical anti-air and missile defense systems. To summarize and compare the results, an analysis of a number of previous works was considered, which considered the historical development, prospects and problems of the laser weaponry development. The issues of ethical use of laser weapons and the risks of their use in armed conflicts, which led to an international consensus in the form of conventions of the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red Cross, were also considered. As a result of the analysis, a systematic approach to the classification of applications of laser technology in military products by three main areas of development was proposed: ancillary applications, non-lethal direct action on the human body and optical devices of military equipment, and anti-aircraft and anti-missile defensive systems. Due to the constant comprehensive modernization of laser technology systems in use, it was decided not to use the periodic classification model, but to indicate important and key events that indicated the main directions of further developmental work. However, it is important to note that the main focus of historical development of laser weapons depended not only on the technological limitations of the time, but also on the military-geopolitical situation in the world.
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Li, Xia, and Xuan Jun Wang. "Study on the Progress of the Foreign Security Fuel." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 889–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.889.
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The research history and recent achievements and application of fire resistant fuel in several countries were summarized. The emphases included the background of research, the mechanism of fire resistant, the development of emulsified fuel formulations, and the effects on the performance of engines. The situation of applying at present was also described. It was indicated that the research of fire resistant fuel was very important in the security of military vehicles and civil vehicles.
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Rempe, Martin. "Cultural Brokers in Uniform: The Global Rise of Military Musicians and Their Music." Itinerario 41, no. 2 (July 31, 2017): 327–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115317000390.
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The article assesses the role of the military in the global dissemination and exchange of music in the long nineteenth century. It shows that, first, Western military music and its instrumentation were influenced by cross-cultural encounters, primarily with the Ottoman Empire. Second, I argue that educational professionalization and instrumental standardization were important vehicles for the global rise of the military band beyond its original purpose. Third, tracing the transnational careers of some German military musicians will make evident that competition with respect to national prestige, rising imperialism, and the increasing commercialization of musical life were crucial features of the spread of military musicians all over the world, making them cultural brokers not only of military music.
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Kurdiuk, S., T. Gavrylyuk, Ya Sokolyk, and O. Dzhezhulei. "CLASSIFICATION OF CREWLESS UNDERWATER VEHICLES FEATURES IN THE NAVAL FORCES OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE." Випробування та сертифікація, no. 2(2) (December 27, 2023): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/ts.02.2023.04.
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The article discusses the tactical and technical characteristics of crewless underwater vehicles in leading countries of the world, as well as their application not only as scientific research and auxiliary vehicles, but also as military underwater vehicles. The history of creating crewless underwater vehicles and their military implementation experience is also overviewed. Suggestions are provided for the classification of crewless underwater vehicles and the main terms and definitions in the area are proposed.
The aim of the article is to propose a unified approach to the classification of underwater vehicles, based on the analysis of the capabilities of crewless underwater vehicles, from the perspective of system analysis and a comprehensive approach, taking into account NATO standards.
During the application of Maritime Battle Environment Protection Apparatus, a new tactic is employed for the destruction of protected objects, taking into account the combat characteristics of these means. The tactical use of Maritime Battle Environment Protection Apparatus may involve delivering fire strikes to the enemy, setting and destroying mines (mine obstacles), revealing the situation in areas of force deployment (in bases, maneuvering bases), parking places for ships (boats, vessels), and approaches to them; placement of navigation and hydrographic equipment.
The main directions in the development of Maritime Battle Environment Protection Apparatus for the needs of the Ukrainian Navy in the short and medium term include the development of conceptual approaches and corresponding program documents for equipping the Ukrainian Navy with such technology, studying commercially available samples similar in purpose, and creating basic models of new military-purpose Autonomous Underwater Vehicles. The proposals for the classification of Maritime Battle Environment Protection Apparatus presented in the article are one of the first steps towards implementing the above.
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Müller, Cândida Regina, Fabrício de Araújo Pedron, Beatriz Wardzinski Barbosa, Miriam Fernanda Rodrigues, Paulo Ivonir Gubiani, Ricardo Simão Diniz Dalmolin, and Ricardo Bergamo Schenato. "Soil degradation after the traffic of a military combat vehicle leopard 1a5br." Ciência e Natura 43 (February 17, 2022): e87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x62685.
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Heavy vehicle traffic, especially large military combat vehicles, causes soil compaction, which reduces their physical quality and increases their susceptibility to soil erosion. A large contingent of the Brazilian Army conducts combat vehicle training at the Santa Maria Instruction Field (CISM), which has been caused degradation of the ecosystem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combat vehicle Leopard 1A5BR traffic on soil physical properties in an Abruptic Alisol with military vehicle traffic history. Two types of maneuvers were evaluated: (i) straight traffic with 0, 1 and 3 passes, and (ii) pivoting maneuver with 0, 1 and 2 pivots. Soil morphology, particle size distribution and organic carbon content were analyzed in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.20-0.30 m layers. Bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, penetration resistance and preconsolidation pressure were evaluated in the 0.00-0.04, 0.10-0.14 and 0.20-0.24 m layers. The preconsolidation pressure of the surface layer indicated that the soil surface layer is susceptible to traffic compaction of Leopard 1A5BR. Only one pass (straight traffic) and one pivoting maneuver were sufficient to increase soil penetration resistance and bulk density and reduce the total porosity and macroporosity in the surface layer (0.00-0.04 m).
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Bleymaier, Joseph S. "DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF LAUNCH VEHICLES THE MILITARY APPROACH TO THE STANDARDIZED SPACE VEHICLE SYSTEM." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 134, no. 1 (February 26, 2008): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb56160.x.
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BALMUȘ, Cătălin, Ioan CRAMAR, and Andreea-Alexandra CRAMAR. "THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON WARFARE." INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERINCE "STRATEGIESXXI" 18, no. 1 (December 6, 2022): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2971-8813-22-20.
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Over human history, war has been documented since people tend to conflict over territories and control of resources. Over centuries, was became an integral element in demonstrating strength and poweramong states and plays a significant role in the international system. The paper looks into the impact of technology on warfare by focusing on elements like autonomous vehicles, ethical conflicts posed by autonomous vehicles, the proliferation of war and human suffering, and stealth technology and aerial combat. Technologyplays a significant role in modern warfare due to new approaches to making, moving, and concealing military equipment. In addition to improvements in weaponry, technology has played another important role, forcing the military leadership to develop new tactics, techniques, and procedures to be able to reduce or negate the advantages of intelligent weapons. There has also been the proliferation of war and displacement of people. Cyberwars and aerial combat have taken a new shape where the latter uses stealth technology to avoid detectionand launch surprise attacks on enemies. The advent of stealth technology, as well as sophisticated guidance capabilities, has helped reducing collateral damage, nevertheless, it has also led to more human suffering, as shown by nuclear weapons, autonomous vehicles, and deadlier arsenal.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "HISTORY / Military / Vehicles"
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Saeed, Adil. "Sustainable methodology of conserving historic military vehicles." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2013. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/20975/.
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Research was conducted to analyse corros ion and tribological failures in The Tank Museum Bovington military tanks . Due to the age of the exhibits corrosion of vital components has become a significant issue, it is vitally important to preserve these artefa cts for future generations and so to do this effectively we need to monitor and reduce this corrosion as far as realistically possible. A case study of the historic military tanks followed by experimental research analyses is presented. Structural degradat ion through corrosion and engine wear has been i dentified and analysed . Materials were processed/manufactured during 2 nd Wor ld War, their composition was unknown. Therefore state - of - the - art characterisation techniques were performed on samples collected fr om the M10, Sherman, Centaur and Tiger 1 to obtain material compositions and to identify nearest standards . A bench mark of material loss due to corrosion so far, has been achieved in the M10, Sherman, Centaur, BT – R 60 and King Tiger t h rough ultrasonic c orrosion mapping . Material loss because of corrosion was high in the Centaur in comparison to the Sherman, M10, BT R – 60 and King Tiger s amples. C orrosion analyses techniques were conducted on samples from three tanks the M10, Sherman and Centaur to investigate corrosion m orphology on the tanks surfaces and corrosion propagation from surface to sub - surface level . During this experimental work various corrosion contaminants, sub - surf ace crack s and defects were identified. Corrosion layer/ residues we re relatively thick (approximately 250 μ m) on the surfaces of the M10, wherea s the phenomenon of corrosion pits was wide spread in the Centaur. C orrosion was influenced by the presence of surface contaminants and sub - surface defects such as slags, sulphide inclusions and corrosive pits. These factors alone and/o r in combination were observed to be a serious issue in limiting vehicles‟ longevity. Study of the environments both inside and outside the museum has been conducted to relate corrosion activity wit hin the conte xt. Based upon the data gathered simulated environmental corrosion tests were conducted to quantify corrosion accumulation under a controlled museum environment suitable for the museum visitors. Some degree of corrosion build - up was observed o n the samples under cont rolled environments. Prohesion test was conducted to evaluate viability of the material s , coating and primer. M aterial ability to resist adverse environmental conditions was negligible. These results are of particular interest for t he vehicles which are exposed in uncontrolled environment. Exposure of the primer an d coating to prohesion test showed, that the primer was able to resist failures during the entire test duration . However breakdown of th e coating was observed during the te st . Wear analyses of the o riginal piston which was designed before/during the 2 nd World War showed enhanced material composition and tribological pro perties than the new replacement piston . F ailures in the replacement piston and cylinder - liner could be att ributed to inadequate material selection and design. A sustainable model to extend longevity and to retard structural aging of the military tanks in The Tank Museum has been proposed.
Books on the topic "HISTORY / Military / Vehicles"
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Trewhitt, Philip. Military vehicles: 1980 to today. Mankato, Minnesota: Smart Apple Media, 2015.
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Ian V. (Ian Vernon) Hogg. The illustrated history of mililary vehicles. London: Quantum Publishing, 2004.
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Bryson, Arthur. US military vehicles, 1941-1945. North Point, Hong Kong: EMS Publications, 1987.
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Pauleian, Erwan. US military vehicles: Normandy 1944. Cully: OREP Editions, 2009.
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Georgano, G. N. World War Two military vehicles. London: Osprey Automotive, 1998.
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Wolfgang, Fleischer. Military vehicles of the Reichswehr. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub., 1996.
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M, Clarke R., ed. Military and civilian amphibians 1940-1990. Cobham: Brooklands Books, 1994.
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Bradford, George. 1914-1938 armored fighting vehicles. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2010.
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Denecke, Johannes. Tarnanstriche des deutschen Heeres 1914 bis heute. Bonn: Bernard & Graefe, 1999.
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Martin, Karl. Irish army vehicles: Transport and armour since 1922. [Dublin]: Karl Martin, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "HISTORY / Military / Vehicles"
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Bricknell, Martin C. M. "Military Health Services Supporting the Land Component in the Twenty-first Century." In Advanced Land Warfare, 215–30. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192857422.003.0011.
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Abstract This chapter examines the dual tasks of a military health service (MHS): to enable military personnel to be a ‘medically ready force’, and to provide a ‘ready medical force’ that supports armed forces during combat and other operations. Armies have the largest number of personnel exposed to risk, suffer the highest number of casualties, and have the largest medical services. Military medicine was transformed during the combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan resulting in the highest probability of survival for military casualties in history. The future land battlefield may cause high casualty rates and unfamiliar threats to field medical services. The concepts of prolonged field care and prolonged hospital care describe the new approaches that will be necessary if medical planning guidelines cannot be met. Advances in medical information technology, additive printing, and autonomous vehicles may also enhance medical care on the future battlefield.
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MacDonald, Alexander. "Spaceflight, Millionaires, and National Defense: Robert Goddard’s Fund-Raising Program." In The Long Space Age. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300219326.003.0004.
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Robert Goddard was the American “father of liquid-fuel rocketry” and his career constituted the world’s first spaceflight development program. This chapter provides an economic analysis of Goddard’s career and explores his motivations and financial strategy for long-run space development. Goddard was not only the first to achieve flight with a liquid-fuel rocket, he was also the first to earn significant funding for spaceflight research. He raised much of his funding from private and semi-public sources—including philanthropic funds provided by James Smithson, Andrew Carnegie, Daniel Guggenheim and Harry Guggenheim. Though it was largely private funding that allowed Goddard to make the substantial progress that he did, he also believed that the resources required to develop the first orbital launch vehicles would vastly exceed what private individuals were likely to provide. As a result, Goddard shared with his contemporaries, Werner von Braun in Germany and Sergei Korolev in Russia, a belief that military funding provided the key to the development of spaceflight and enthusiastically and persistently pursued U.S. military funding throughout his life. He was so committed to transacting this Faustian bargain that he would work with the Chemical Warfare Service on gas warfare applications and would later leave the security and long-standing patronage of the Guggenheim family in pursuit of a major military rocket development contract in the Second World War. An economic analysis of Goddard’s career thus situates the motivating force of space history at the level of the individual, with the spaceflight developer willing and able to manipulate external demands, particularly in the military, in order to achieve his interplanetary objectives.
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Keyes, Ralph. "Prankery." In The Hidden History of Coined Words, 52–66. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190466763.003.0005.
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The history of word-coining is rich with cases of neologisms created as part of pranks that went on to become part of our lexicon. The surname of Washington Irving’s faux historian of New York, Diedrich Knickerbocker, inspired a nickname for New Yorkers, and, shortened, to a type of underwear: knickers. Miscegenation was the title of a hoax booklet produced by two Democrats during the 1864 election to falsely portray Abraham Lincoln as an advocate of intermarriage. Maury Maverick’s popular neologism gobbledygook was apparently a prank-coinage based on a slang term for fellatio. In some cases neologisms created as part of a strategic hoax caught on. The name of a military vehicle known as a tank grew out of an elaborate British ruse to conceal its development by calling this vehicle a “water tank.” Publishers of dictionaries sometimes included faux neologisms called mountweazels, or nihilartikels, to smoke out plagiarizers.
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Fakih, Farabi, and Ronald Kroeze. "Punitivity and Norm-Setting in the History of Colonial and Postcolonial Relations." In Punishment in International Society, 209–40. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197693483.003.0010.
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Abstract This chapter analyzes international punishment from a historical perspective, including postcolonial dynamics; Dutch–Indonesian relations from the period of Dutch colonial rule to the recent past are examined. The chapter focuses on Indonesian president Suharto’s (1967–1998) decision in 1992 to force the Netherlands to resign as chair of the Inter-Governmental Group on Indonesia, a vehicle to organize aid from the West to Indonesia. Suharto’s measure was an act of punishment that was a reaction to a half-hearted punitive act from the Dutch government that threatened to end development aid in response to the “Dili massacre” in East Timor in November 1991—a major human rights violation conducted by the Indonesian military. The case showed how in the postcolonial world former colonies had turned into independent sovereign nations that stood on an equal footing with each other; punitive acts served to underscore this new norm of equality between states.
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Carroll, Rachel. "Playing the Breeches Part: Feminist Appropriations, Biographical Fictions and Colonial Contexts in Patricia Duncker’s James Miranda Barry (1999)." In Transgender and The Literary Imagination, 87–124. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474414661.003.0004.
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This chapter examines a fictional reconstruction of the life of the Irish-born and Scottish-educated colonial military surgeon James Miranda Barry (c. 1799–1865), whose memory has been irrevocably shaped by reports that he was discovered after death to be female bodied. It argues that the feminist narrative of strategic gender crossing which characterises most versions of Barry’s life emerges in displaced form in the novel; in this way, Barry’s transgender (or intersex) identity serves as a vehicle through which women can express agency and pursue ambition in vicarious fashion. Barry’s career took place in the theatre of empire but the racial politics of this era of British history are often overlooked in both biographical and fictional accounts of Barry’s life; close attention to the treatment of colonial contexts will serve to demonstrate the role of white privilege and the construction of racial ‘others’ in these narratives.
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Hauser, Kitty. "Tracing the Trace: Photography, the Index, and the Limits of Representation." In Shadow Sites. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199206322.003.0007.
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Photography, as is well known, is the image-making technology which specializes in the freezing of time.1 What kind of historiography, then, might photography be said to embody? How can photography, with its ineluctable connection to the present moment, hope to say anything at all about the past—about either the broad processes of history or even the events of the hours and minutes immediately preceding the second in which the photograph is taken? What kinds of knowledge of the past does photography allow, and what does it disallow? How can photography, that most superficial of media, hope to become a vehicle for the archaeological imagination, with its love of immanent depths? If photographic technology is uniquely equipped to record (visually) the present moment, it is also characterized—famously—by its thorough and indiscriminate recording of surface detail. What it lacks in temporal depth it makes up for in this meticulous rendering of appearances; any surface marked by the effects of action or time can be faithfully recorded by this technology which itself produces the marked surfaces of photographic plate, film, or print. History and the passing of time is available to photography only in the form of its traces, the more-or-less legible marks and remnants it has left behind at any one moment in the world. And it is precisely photography’s own nature as a chemical trace (until digitization, at least) that enables it accurately to reproduce these marks and signs of history. As discussed in Chapter 1, since the nineteenth century (at least) historical sciences such as palaeontology, geology, and archaeology have based themselves upon the reading of such signs of the past in the present, and this broad epistemological model could be extended to include military reconnaissance, forensic science, and art connoisseurship. Photography, fixing these signs in an image, has had—unsurprisingly, perhaps—an important part to play in the historical development of these disciplines. Photography meets the archaeological imagination as soon as photographic images are scanned for historical information in these disciplines and practices. In a sense, however, photography cannot help but represent the world archaeologically, since it cannot help but record its objects and landscapes in a temporal context, the traces of the past scattered across their surfaces. Ruskin enthused over this quality of the new medium.
Conference papers on the topic "HISTORY / Military / Vehicles"
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Franklin, Nathaniel J. "A History of Lighter-Than-Air Vehicles in the United States Military." In AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-0771.
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Whitson, Jordan A., David Gorsich, Vladimir V. Vantsevich, Michael Letherwood, Oleg Sapunkov, and Lee Moradi. "Military Unmanned Ground Vehicle Maneuver: A Review and Formulation." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0108.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">A state-of-the-art review of the technical meaning and application of the term ‘maneuver’, used by the U.S. Army and ground vehicle engineering communities, was performed with regard to various military activities, including modeling and simulation (M&S), to focus on the value and applicability of the term to military vehicle dynamics. As shown, U.S. military doctrine has built through history and experience a unique concept of maneuver-in-general and its application in U.S. Army unified land operations. Yet, the term ‘maneuver’ needs further technical categorization and characterization for the purpose of dynamics of military unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) and vehicle design for maneuver. While the NHTSA and SAE standards and definitions provide solid foundations for M&S of cars and trucks to enhance the safety of those vehicles (manned and autonomous), occupants, and pedestrians on roads, the standards cannot address all needs of military vehicles in maneuver. Military UGVs are designed to operate in hyper-dynamic battlefield and tactical conditions on severe terrains where manned systems cannot operate. These operational conditions require a different approach to modeling, simulation, and real-time UGV-self-assessment of its dynamic behavior to be technically capable to fulfill autonomous missions and tasks for the sake of the safety of warfighters and the UGV itself. In the paper, a technical definition for a military vehicle maneuver is presented with the purpose of encompassing vehicle agile movements with extended safety due to controllable instability and also unsafe movements on a need basis. Sub-element definitions of a vehicle maneuver and new ideation of agile movement is proposed to narrow the scope to vehicle military tasks in austere environments. Along with formulation, a graphical interpretation is provided to illustrate advantages of the proposed approach for planning UGV motion using geometric and kinematics characteristics. The contextual application is shown in an operation study to illustrate where the terms can improve M&S.</div></div>
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Karpanan, Kumarswamy, and Brendan O’Toole. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Structures With Bolted Joints Subjected to Low Impact Load: Part 1." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63711.
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Bolted joints are the most common type of fastener in army vehicles and play a very important role in maintaining the structural integrity of combat vehicles. In combat, these vehicles may be subjected to various kinds of shock loading, such as initiated by a mine blast, projectile impact, or frontal crash. This study analyzes the transient behavior of structures with bolted joints subjected to impact or shock loads using experimental methods and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Factors such as damping that affect the bolted joint structures for shock loading are studied. Only a limited amount of published literature describes the proper method for analyzing transient shock propagation across bolted connections for high-impact loading. The initial case study focused on a simple cantilever beam with a bolted lap joint subjected to relatively low levels of impact force. The second case study used a flat plate bolted to a hat-section. These simple configurations are representative of structures found in many military ground vehicles that can be subjected to transient impact and blast loads. These structures were subjected to low-impact loading (non-destructive) using impact hammers and high-impact loading (destructive) using an air gun. The responses were measured using accelerometers. LS-DYNA FE solver was used to simulate the shock propagation in the bolted structures. For all the bolted structures, the modal analysis was performed both experimentally and numerically. The results are in excellent agreement for the lower modes and exhibit a small deviation in the higher modes. Secondly, the time history responses of experimental and FE analysis are compared. This is a two-part paper. In this first paper, a simplified bolted connection (bolted cantilever beam) is used for studying the low-impact shock propagation.
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Sirac oğlu Süleymanov, Mehman. "44 GÜNLÜK VƏTƏN MÜHARİBƏSİNİN DÖYÜŞ TAKTİKASINA GƏTİRDİYİ YENİLİKLƏR." In VII REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE OF SCIENTIFIC SOURCES. https://aem.az/, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/2022/03/07/6-10.
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Açar sözlər: döyüş taktikası, pilotsuz uçuş aparatları, əks-hücum, döyüş hədəfi, hərb tarixi Key words: combat tactics, unmanned aerial vehicles, counter-attack, combat target, military history 2020-ci il sentyabr ayının 27-də başlayan və böyük Zəfərlə tamamlanan 44 günlük müharibənin çox mühüm nəticələrindən biri də onun dünya döyüş taktikasına böyük yeniliklər gətirməsi oldu. Bu yeniliklər döyüşlərin aparılması taktikası ilə bağlı mövcud olan təsəvvürlərdə bir çevriliş etdi ki, indi onlar dünyanın güclü ordularının rəhbərləri və hərb mütəxəssisləri tərəfindən maraqla öyrənilməkdədir. Həmin yeniliklər ilk növbədə pilotsuz uçuş aparatlarının kütləvi və səmərəli tətbiqi ilə bağlıdır. Azərbaycanın pilotsuz uçuş aparatlarının səmərəli istifadəsi ilə erməni tanklarının və digər texnikanın hələ döyüş xəttinə gəlib çatmamış, cəbhənin dərinliklərində məhv edilməsi görüntüləri ən müxtəlif hərbi mütəxəssislərdə inanılası mümkün olmayan bir şok effekti yaratmışdı. Hətta Azərbaycan tərəfindən erməni hədəflərinin kütləvi şəkildə məhv edilməsi ilə bağlı nümayiş etdirilən görüntüləri bəzi amerikalı ekspertlər informasiya müharibəsinin elementləri kimi qəbul edirdilər. Azərbaycan təcrübəsinin reallığını qəbul edən mütəxəssislər isə hesab edirdilər ki, Amerikanın İrak VII Respublika Elmi Qaynaqlar Konfransının Materialları / 4 may 2022 Materials of the VII Republican Conference of Scientific Sources / 4 May 2022 DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/2022/03/07 7 müharibəsində raket-artilleriya sistemlərinin fəaliyyəti ilə bombalama şoku yaratmaq təcrübəsi artıq köhnəlmiş taktikadır (1).
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Tricarico, Giuseppe. "Le fortificazioni litoranee di Terra d’Otranto: una panoramica sulle torri costiere della provincia di Lecce." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11471.
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The coastal fortifications of Terra d’Otranto: a panoramic view of the coastal towers in the province of LecceDuring the Modern Age we witnessed the birth, consolidation and decline of great powers that dragged numerous political and religious conflicts with them. The Mediterranean Sea, as area of contact between the most distant Empires, experienced an era of intense naval activity in the form of piracy, race wars and armed deterrence, spreading along its shores with coastal watch towers. The organization of the defensive coastal system took place in intimate relationship with the territory, strongly characterizing the coasts which for centuries have seen them as the unique anthropical presence. Their exclusively military character has, however, inhibited their reuse over time, arousing until a few decades ago the disinterest of the community and their disavowal of architectures worthy of protection. The knowledge of the historical events and the morphotypological characteristics of the Apulian system of coastal towers thus becomes the starting point for their acknowledgment as fundamental identifying characters of the territory, finalizing their study to the re-appropriation of these assets by the community as strategical vehicles for the transmission of the local history and its intrinsic values. The classification of the towers in the province of Lecce has made them the object of spatial and typological analyses produced with the help of the opensource software “Quantum GIS” and geo-referenced on the official cartographic bases.
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Neagu, Simona nicoleta, and Aniellamihaela Vieriu. "THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS ON YOUNG PEOPLE." In eLSE 2019. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-19-119.
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As stated in the specialized studies, the greatest technological discoveries in the history of mankind will be recorded in the next three decades. Progress in Artificial Intelligence (AI), combined with radical discoveries in hard and software, will inaugurate a new era, which today seems to be science fiction. The existence of artificial intelligence, robots, autonomous vehicles, nanotechnology, biotechnology, and materials science are no longer considered "miracles." A recent study by Dell Technologies says that 85% of jobs in 2030 have not yet been invented, and over the next decade, over 10% of current jobs will be automated. In the world's largest industrial air-conditioning plant in China, 800 robots replaced 24,000 workers at Midea. Intelligent military robots are already present on battlefields - the United States, China and Israel, being world leaders in their field use. There are jobs that will disappear and others will be invented, our skills and competences are constantly changing, the labor market is constantly changing, employers will have other specifications in the job description. In this new world, our relationship with technology will change forever. How will we keep up with these changes? How will we deal with them? In this context, we aim to investigate within focus groups what is the impact of accelerated technological progress on youth at the psychological, social and employability level and which would be the solutions that they propose. The target group will be represented by students of the faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology at the Polytechnic University of Bucharest.
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Xu, Kun. "THE POLITICS-IMAGE INTERSECTION: PAOLO GIOVIO AND THE TEXTUAL TRACEABILITY OF SYMBOLIC MEANING IN IMAGES." In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2023/fs08.13.
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During the Renaissance, symbolic art flourished, and emblems were an important sort of emblem during this time period. Dialogo dell� Imprese Militari et Amorose, Paolo Giovio (1483-1552)�s work on emblems, was written during the development of the chronicle of his book Historiarum (1550-1552). It is an important aspect of the establishment of Giovio�s system of historiographical thought and aims to establish a model for the display of iconic pictures. The Dialogo is of tremendous relevance in cross-field studies due to the fact that it is an important work in the fields of both image studies and history studies. This paper will argue that Giovio�s writing does not stop at the symbolic description and interpretation of images, but rather borrows the functional features of the emblematic vehicle to symbolize the characters, and will attempt to further discuss the interpretive dimension of iconography through the use of Dialogo. The purpose of this paper is to link the perspective of image interpretation with the perspective of historiographical analysis. This argument will be presented through Dialogo.
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Chirvi, Sajal, Frank A. Pintar, and Narayan Yoganandan. "An Examination of Isolated and Interaction-Based Biomechanical Metrics for Potential Lower Neck Injury Criteria." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52108.
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Lower neck injuries inferior to C4 level, such as fractures and dislocations, occur in motor vehicle crashes, sports, and military events. The recently developed interaction criterion, termed Nij, has been used in automotive safety standards and is applicable to the upper neck. Such criterion does not exist for the lower neck. This study was designed to conduct an analysis of data of lower neck injury metrics toward the development of a mechanistically appropriate injury criterion. Axial loads were applied to the crown of the head of post mortem human subject (PMHS) head-neck complexes at different loading rates. The generalized force histories at the inferior end of the head-neck complex were recorded using a load cell and were transformed to the cervical-thoracic joint. Peak force and peak moment (flexion or extension) were quantified for each test from corresponding time histories. Initially, a survival analysis approach was used to derive injury probability curves based on peak force and peak moment alone. Both force and moment were considered as primary variables and age a covariate in the survival analysis. Age was found to be a significant (p<0.05) covariate for the compressive force and flexion moment but insignificant for extension moment (p>0.05). A lower neck Nij formulation was done to derive a combined interactive metric. To derive cadaver-based metrics, critical intercepts were obtained from the 90% injury probability point on peak force and peak moment curves. The PMHS-based critical intercepts derived from this study for compressive force, flexion, and extension moment were 4471 N, 218 Nm, and 120 Nm respectively. The lower cervical spine injury criterion, Lower Nij (LNij), was evaluated in two different formulations: peak LNij and mechanistic peak LNij. Peak LNij was obtained from the LNij time history regardless of when it occurred. Mechanistic peak LNij was obtained from the LNij time history only during the time when the resulting injury mechanism occurred. Injury mechanism categorization included compression-flexion, compression-extension, and those best represented by a more pure compression-related classification. Mechanistic peak LNij was identified based on the peak timing of the injury mechanism. Peak LNij and mechanistic peak LNij were found to be significant (p<0.05) predictors of injury with age as a covariate. The 50% injury probability was 1.38 and 1.13 for peak LNij and mechanistic peak LNij, respectively. These results provide preliminary data based on PMHS tests for establishing lower neck injury criteria that may be used in automotive applications, sports and military research to advance safety systems.
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Schleicher, Dean M. "Bringing Science and Technology to the Waterfront - Donald L. Blount." In SNAME Chesapeake Power Boat Symposium. SNAME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/cpbs-2012-001.
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Donald Blount is recognized around the world for his contributions to high-speed marine vehicles of various types for more than 50 years. A highlight of his career has been the revolutionary high-speed craft, DESTRIERO, which holds the combined east- and west-bound Atlantic crossing elapsed time record and the fastest east-bound crossing record for which its development history has been presented in numerous forums. An in-depth look at his career beyond this singular achievement will be shared in honor of his numerous contributions to the marine industry during his lifetime of bringing science and technology to the waterfront. Donald Blount began his formal career in 1954 as an intern at David Taylor Research Center while a student at Virginia Polytechnic Institute. He was hired by DTRC and worked in the model test basin and in the tests and trials branch. In 1959 he successfully tested into a naval architecture position. He concluded his degree in Mechanical Engineering at George Washington University in 1963. Also in 1963, Gene Clement and Donald published "Resistance Tests of a Systematic Series of Planing Hull Forms" in SNAME Transactions which concluded two years of testing in Tank 3 at DTRC and of the subsequent analysis of Model Series 62. He worked in Jacques Hadler's division conducting individual research and directing engineering programs relating to emerging technology in the field of hydrodynamics. He served as Project Engineer in the ship powering, small craft, propeller and full-scale trials branches. He volunteered and served two years as a civilian with NRDUV (Naval Research and Development Unit, Viet Nam) including being in Viet Nam during the summer of 1968. Throughout 1967 while acting as branch head, he received casualty reports from the field for trend monitoring. During his in-country tour in 1968, he personally participated in nine missions on the rivers of the Mekong Delta and offshore. Upon returning from his service he found that his position as Trials Branch Head at DTRC was no longer available and he chose to transfer to the Combatant Craft Engineering Department in Norfolk, Virginia as Technical Manager in 1969. He was responsible for planning, organizing and monitoring research and development programs for small craft and their systems. He also evaluated technological trends and selected promising approaches to achieve significant advances in performance. Department of Defense and other governmental agencies. He was promoted to Department Head in 1981 where he was responsible for design, engineering and testing of all non-commissioned navy craft. He supervised 80 government employees and an additional 45 contracted technical staff. The department developed contract plans and specifications used to procure navy boats and craft. He served as advisor to all levels of the Department of Defense on issues relating to state-of-the-art technologies required for producing high-speed small craft. Throughout his civil service tenure he maintained a small, private consulting practice for the recreational boating industry and when he retired from the Civil Service in 1990, he took his consulting practice full time as a naval architect and professional engineer providing hydrodynamic expertise with an emphasis on sea-keeping, propulsion, maneuvering, control and dynamic stability for high speed and special purpose commercial, military and recreational craft. Donald has published numerous papers and has received several honors in recognition of his contributions. He maintains several professional society memberships, is a professional engineer registered in Virginia and North Carolina and has professional interests including marine archaeology and the collection of antiquarian naval architectural books about boat and yacht design. He is currently writing a book regarding the technical design of small craft. An attempt is made here to present Donald's many contributions in bringing science and technology to the waterfront.