Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'History, heritage and archaeology'
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Gwasira, Goodman. "A history and critical analysis of Namibia’s archaeologies." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8152.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis study critically examines the political, social and institutional settings in which archaeology was introduced in Namibia. I re-examine the idea of archaeology as a scientific and objective discipline that could be practiced without input from the knowledge systems of local communities. Archaeology developed alongside colonialism in Africa. Archaeology became an apparatus for knowing about the strategic resources that could be found in Namibia. Through the processes of recording sites and artefacts archaeology provided information that was useful to the colonial administration.
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Siudzinski, Meghan Habas. "History, Memory, and [Archaeological?] Heritage at Nombre De Dios, Panama." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626556.
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BEDEL, BANU. "REVEALING GORDION: A CASE OF VIRTUAL HERITAGE INTERPRETATION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1155841375.
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Loeffler, David. "Contested Landscapes/Contested Heritage : history and heritage in Sweden and their archaeological implications concerning the interpretation of the Norrlandian past." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Archaeology and Sami Studies, University of Umeå, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-423.
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Savery, Heidi. "The management and marketing of Jamaica's past archaeology and heritage tourism /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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North, MacLaren. "Protecting the past for the public good archaeology and Australian heritage law /." Connect to full text, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1602.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2007.Title from title screen (viewed 25 March 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts. Degree awarded 2007; thesis originally submitted 2006, corrected version submitted 2007. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Papatheodorou, Artemis. "Ottoman policy-making in an age of reforms : unearthing Ottoman archaeology in the 19th and early 20th centuries." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:28bd820a-de71-4d38-a582-fa2c99ab8e6a.
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This thesis discusses the Ottoman policies on archaeology in the aftermath of the initiation of the Tanzimat reforms (1839) and until the end of the Ottoman Empire (1923). It explores the activities of the central state, the autonomous Principality of Samos in the Aegean, and the Hellenic Literary Society at Constantinople. Primary and secondary sources in Ottoman Turkish, Katharevousa Greek, Modern Turkish and Modern Greek, English and French inform the analysis. The first chapter looks at the contexts within which an Ottoman interest in archaeology emerged. It discusses the rise of archaeology as a distinct area of scientific and scholarly research in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the encounters of the Ottomans with western archaeologies in that period, and those domestic intellectual dynamics that made them receptive to archaeology. The second chapter focuses on the Ottoman legislation on antiquities, and secondarily looks at related institutional developments. It discusses at length the emergence of an Ottoman voice on archaeology through the crystallisation of increasingly comprehensive and mature sets of rules and procedures on heritage management. By looking at the autonomous Principality of Samos, the third chapter shifts the attention to the western periphery of the empire, and explores how the Greek Orthodox, when outside the direct control of the central state, could develop their own understanding of, processes and structures regarding archaeology. The fourth chapter looks, for the first time in the literature, at the archaeological activities of the Hellenic Literary Society at Constantinople, and discusses the contribution of Ottoman society to the promotion of archaeological research and the protection of monuments. Overall, this thesis provides a critical analysis of the emergence of the concept and practice of archaeological heritage protection in the Ottoman Empire in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
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Gornik, Vivian Beatrice. "Producing the Past: Contested Heritage and Tourism in Glastonbury and Tintagel." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7297.
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Heritage, the “present-centered” use of the past (Ashworth 2007) influences the identities of contemporary citizens (Palmer 2005, Sommer 2009). Grasping the ways in which the production and consumption of heritage takes place is becoming increasingly relevant in a post-Brexit Britain, where the national identity is constantly up for debate. This research asks: what role does heritage tourism play in (re)producing hegemonic national narratives in Glastonbury and Tintagel? And subsequently, what do these narratives say about broader conceptualizations of English identity?
Arthurian legend permeates the historical narrative in both locations. According to the legend, King Arthur was conceived and born in Tintagel, and ultimately buried in Glastonbury. Both Glastonbury and Tintagel are located in the southwest region of England and are home to significant national heritage sites. In Glastonbury, heritage sites include Glastonbury Abbey, Glastonbury Tor and the Chalice Well Gardens. In Tintagel, heritage sites include Tintagel Castle, King Arthur’s Great Halls, St. Nectan’s Glen and the Arthurian Centre.
Methods for this ethnographic comparative study include classic participant observation, semi-structured interviews, ethnographic photography and archival research. The focus here is on the producers of heritage (heritage management employees, local shop owners and community members) rather than the consumers (tourists and travelers). By using a holistic political economy approach, this research reveals how heritage is both contested and commodified in both Glastonbury and Tintagel. Rather than understanding “authorized heritage discourses” (Smith 2006) as simply the result of hegemonic forces imparted by heritage management organizations, this research reveals the nuances created by the commodification of heritage in both Glastonbury and Tintagel, where tourism plays a significant role in the local economy.
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Padula, Katherine M. "Re-Placing the Plantation Landscape at Yulee’s Margarita Plantation." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7072.
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U.S. Senator David Levy Yulee’s Margarita sugar plantation flourished from 1851 to 1864 in Homosassa, Citrus County, Florida. The plantation was abandoned in 1864 and memory of its precise location slowly faded, as the physical evidence of its existence deteriorated. Today, the only plantation structure known to be still standing is the sugar mill, preserved as part of the Yulee Sugar Mill Ruins Historic State Park (CI124B). The remainder of the plantation, including its boundaries, remains unknown. Perhaps at least partly owing to this absence, the mill’s interpretive signage provides an unfortunate univocal historical interpretation of the site and lacking in both acknowledgement and understanding of the experiences of the enslaved laborers who lived at Margarita.
This thesis research uses archaeological reconnaissance survey and historical research in an attempt to locate the slave quarters in order to shed light on the power structures that existed between planter and enslaved laborer at Margarita. Shovel tests on state, county, and private land surrounding the mill identified two new archaeological sites, including possible remnants of an additional plantation structure, and ruled out for several locations as the site of the former slave quarters. Historical research uncovered additional information about the names of the enslaved laborers and provided more insight into their experiences on the plantation. This work culminates with suggestions for updated State Park interpretive signage, and suggestions for future work.
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Zúñiga, Sara E. "Deciphering the Cultural Heritage and Function of the Ella Strong Denison Library Complex." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/986.
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Kristiansen, Heidi. "Å bruke fortiden : Helleristninger i Sverige som eksempel på kulturarv og dens bruk." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353049.
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The aim of the essay is to investigate rock art in Sweden as a cultural heritage. The material in the essay is rock art. The method is a literature study that compiles and analyzes other researchers’ views of the material (rock art). I limit the essay to rock art in Sweden. The essay has 3 questions: 1 How can cultural heritage be used? 2 Which laws protect rock art? 2 Are there archaeological traces of the fact that the rock art continued to have significance after no new rock art were created? The theoretical point of departure of the essay is historical perspective. The physical traces of the past are seen as different functions and have different meanings for different periods of time. The result of the essay is that rock art are seen as memories preserved in physical form (in books) and the actual ritual to punch the pictures or that performing rituals are seen as bodily preserved memory for example memorial ceremonies. The Heritage Board of Sweden works with the protection of culture, with knowledge dissemination and knowledge building, conservation and care authority work and archaeological assignments. County Administrative Board is responsible for protecting, informing and protecting the regional cultural environment as building and settlements, ancient objects and churches, cultural landscapes and industrial history sites. The Heritage Law determines the protection of valuable buildings such as ancient monuments, ancient finds, church cultural monuments and some cultural objects. The rock art form Stone Age may have affected where new rock art were placed under the Bronze Age, which affected the location of Rockies during the younger Bronze Age. Recent visits created a movement pattern in the landscape that may have lived and structured peoples activities also after the tradition of making new pictures had ceased. Rock art premises may have affected where new rock art were placed during the early Bronze Age, which affected the location of Rockies during the younger Bronze Age.
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Berg, Ingrid. "Kalaureia 1894 : A Cultural History of the First Swedish Excavation in Greece." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antikens kultur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132241.
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The excavation of the Sanctuary of Poseidon at Kalaureia in 1894 marks the beginning of Swedish archaeological fieldwork in Greece. During a couple of hot summer months, two philologists from Uppsala University, Sam Wide (1861-1918) and Lennart Kjellberg (1857-1936), worked in the sanctuary together with the architect Sven Kristenson (1858-1937), the Greek foreman Pankalos and around twenty local workmen. In 1997, the Swedish Institute at Athens began new excavations at the sanctuary. This thesis examines the beginnings of Swedish fieldwork in Greece. Within the framework of a cultural history of archaeology, inspired by archaeological ethnography and the New Cultural History, it explores how archaeology functioned as a cultural practice in the late nineteenth century. A micro-historical methodology makes use of a wide array of different source material connected to the excavation of 1894, its prelude and aftermath. The thesis takes the theoretical position that the premises for archaeological knowledge production are outcomes of contemporary power structures and cultural politics. Through an analysis of how the archaeologists constructed their self-images through a set of idealized stereotypes of bourgeois masculinity, academic politics of belonging is highlighted. The politics of belonging existed also on a national level, where the Swedish archaeologists entered into a competition with other foreign actors to claim heritage sites in Greece. The idealization of classical Greece as a birthplace of Western values, in combination with contemporary colonial and racist cultural frameworks in Europe, created particular gazes through which the modern country was appropriated and judged. These factors all shaped the practices through which archaeological knowledge was created at Kalaureia. Some excavations tend to have extensive afterlives through the production of histories of archaeology. Therefore, this thesis also explores the representations of the 1894 excavation in the historiography of Swedish classical archaeology. It highlights the strategies by which the excavation at Kalaureia has served to legitimize further Swedish engagements in Greek archaeology, and explores the way in which historiography shapes our professional identities.
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Coughlin, Depcinski Melanie Nichole. "Cruising for Culture: Mass Tourism and Cultural Heritage on Roatàn Island, Honduras." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4458.
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This thesis examines the relationship between mass tourism and heritage tourism in the construction and perpetuation of histories and identities of local stakeholders on Roatàn Island, Honduras. I explore how identity is constructed by and through the tourism industry, and how much of the agency in forming identity and telling cultural stories resides in the hands of key stakeholders involved in the development of tourism on the island. Local cultural stories that focus on the people who live and have lived on the island for centuries are becoming increasingly silenced by a more commoditized, tourism driven, picture of life on Roatàn. Here, I examine how this silencing takes place, what its effects are on tourism and development, and consider what elements of the tourism industry have contributed to this silencing. On Roatàn, the issue of identity as interpreted through museums has become increasingly contested, as the tourism industry now controls the presentation of cultural and archaeological history of the island. This control influences how tourists visiting Roatàn interpret the past and present the heritage of local groups.
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Pagkakis, Georgios. "Heritage encounters through new media: Mediated spectacle, the case of the Uppsala VR." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418112.
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This thesis has been an odyssey of sorts, into how the creative and playful use of digital tools, such as virtual reality technology, may prompt one's engagement with ‘the lost atmosphere of a Place’ and its history. My point of reference is the novel platform known as Uppsala VR, the property of the Gamla Uppsala museum in Sweden. What exactly has been its nature and purpose? How is it being embedded in the overall museum practice? How do visitors perceive and experience it? What started as a User Experience (UX) survey, yet, in time evolved into an exploration of the Uppsala VR in terms of ‘mediated spectacle’. Eventually, through continuous observations, negotiation, and reflection, an intricate understanding develops about what lies beyond for historical heritage and its representation, and about the role of the users’ imaginative creativity in this process.
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Goodwin, Whitney Annette. "Archaeology and Indigeneity, Past and Present: A View from the Island of Roatán, Honduras." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3123.
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Project Roatán was initiated in 2008 as a collaboration between the University of South Florida (USF) and the Honduran Institute of Anthropology and History (IHAH) to investigate the prehistory of the island of Roatán, Bay Islands, Honduras. Based on data from the 2009 field season of Project Roatán, this study examines the ways in which native islanders of the Postclassic period (A.D. 900-1500) expressed their social identity and cultural affiliations with contemporaneous groups on northeastern mainland Honduras through their ceramic traditions. These initial investigations serve to evaluate the relationship between islanders and mainland groups and any major differences in terms of their status or occupation, islanders' ties into regional trading systems, and the primary function of sites on the island. Although the materials presented demonstrate a strong tie to the indigenous groups of the mainland, which were most likely ancestors of present-day Pech populations, a significant difference is apparent in the types and quantities of exotic materials present on the island, as compared to those found on the mainland. Published accounts and reports from previous expeditions to the island are examined to support this trend. It is argued that models of political economy are best suited to address the heightened importance of social relationships within economic interactions of the indigenous Bay Islanders. The practice of creating an inclusive group identity, deemed the corporate strategy of power, was employed by elites in the region with the aim of maintaining the status-quo. Extreme exploitation and the accumulation of resources were not necessarily central goals in an environmentally self-sustaining region, and the practice appears to have contributed ultimately to long-term cultural stability in the region. Drawing from external connections, indigenous populations of this region appropriated symbols and designs in an emblemic manner to express a common identity and reinforce a cultural practice of inclusiveness. Within this setting, the data indicate that the island of Roatán likely either represented a special physical location for the northeastern region - in terms of access to outside trade networks and resources, or perhaps in terms of spiritual or ideological significance -or was inhabited by group of individuals that enjoyed privileges not shared by those on the mainland. A combination of emblemic style and corporate strategy is presented as a possible explanation for standardization within the ceramic assemblage of the island in the absence of mass production. Lastly, the results of the study are used to critique the ways in which archaeological data have been exploited within the heritage tourism industry to represent past inhabitants of the island and commoditize identity. The future of tourism and issues of representation on the island are also considered in light of recent political disruption.
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Hill, Genevieve. "A native archaeology of the island Hul’qumi’num : Cowichan perception and utililization of wetlands." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3627.
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The aim of this research is to develop an understanding of historic Cowichan perception and utilization of wetlands in their traditional territory. The Cowichan live on the south east coast of Vancouver Island on the Northwest Coast of North America, in an area with many wetland features. The story of Cowichan culture history is currently characterized, through archaeological work, as marine oriented. However, archaeological research to date does not represent the full history of the Cowichan people. This research sets out to re-balance the cultural history of the Cowichan, through the qualitative and quantitative analysis of all available sources that identify economic and social orientation in Cowichan culture history, in particular those coming from archaeology, ethnography and oral tradition. As a way of integrating these diverse sources, a ‘Native archaeology’ is developed. This is an approach, which places equal value on etic (cultural outsider) and emic (cultural insider) created sources, and seeks to identify areas of similarity and difference in order that a fuller understanding of the culture may be reached. By applying the Native archaeological approach to Cowichan culture history, the marine orientation is placed in the context of the role of riverine wetlands, which was important both in terms of subsistence and of the symbolic significance that these places have in the self-reflected identity of the Cowichan. In this way, a story is to
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Santos, José Francisco Lúcio dos. "Villa Cardíllio - contributo para a história da valorização de um sítio arqueológico." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/30762.
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Este resumo revela o que será a minha dissertação, destinada a analisar informação textual e iconográfica recolhida sobre os trabalhos arqueológicos realizados no sítio arqueológico da Villa Cardillio, em Torres Novas, nomeadamente informação relacionada à sua valorização turística. Também não esquecendo a ligação da arqueologia com o turismo em contexto global, a caracterização geográfica e geológica da Villa Cardillio e a sua relação com o quadro da romanização da Lusitânia.
Neste sentido, proceder-se-á à caracterização do sítio e do território em que se encontra situado, ao mesmo tempo que se procederá à sua análise à luz da história da arqueologia e, mais especificamente, da ligação estabelecida ao longo dos tempos entre o sítio e o movimento turístico organizado em seu torno, cotejando-o a casos similares, designadamente dos que se encontrem geograficamente mais próximos.
Por fim, serão dadas sugestões de forma a potenciar o sítio turisticamente, bem como a divulgação de acções realizadas sobre ele para a sua promoção e salvaguarda e o que poderá ser feito mais sobre a Villa Cardillio, noutro trabalho ou projecto de investigação, que não foi possível concretizar nesta dissertação, devido à pandemia que surgiu e persiste neste momento; Villa Cardillio – contribution to the history of valorization of an archaeological site
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This abstract shows what my dissertation will be, which aims to analyze textual and iconographic information collected from the archaeological works carried out at the archaeological site of Villa Cardillio, in Torres Novas, namely information related to its touristic valorization. Also not forgetting the connection between archaeology with tourism in a global context, the geographical and geological characterization of Villa Cardillio and its relation with the romanization of Lusitania.
In this sense, the site and the territory in which it is located will be characterized, while the site will be analyzed in the light of the history of archaeology and, more specifically, the connection established over time between the site and the touristic movement organized around it, comparing it to similar cases, namely those that are geographically closer.
Finally, will be given suggestions to enhance touristically the site, as well as spreading actions done about it for its promotion and safeguard and what can be done more about Villa Cardillio, in another work or research project, that could not be completed in this dissertation, due to the pandemic that emerged and still persists at this time.
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Figueroa, Alejandro J. "The Clash of Heritage and Development on the Island of Roatán, Honduras." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3104.
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The present study examines the spatial relationship between archaeological sites on the island of Roatán, Honduras and their topographical and biophysical location, as well as how these relationships are and continue to be impacted by the island's current socioeconomic context. Despite several studies and explorations conducted on the island's history, archaeology, and geography since the early twentieth century, little is known of its place and role within the larger cultural and socioeconomic spheres of interaction in this region: Mesoamerica and the Intermediate Area. Previous archaeological research has shown that hilltops on Roatán were chosen in prehispanic times for the location of the largest and most prominent sites, and several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the unique location of these sites. Despite the island's potential for addressing questions regarding the culture and history of this poorly understood region of Honduras, Roatán's status as Honduras' top tourist destination has resulted in the altering of its landscape in irreversible ways, including the destruction of archaeological sites. Given this unique situation, site preservation and the study of settlement patterns on Roatán are intricately related, and they both need to be carried out simultaneously if research into the past of this island is to continue, since without immediate site preservation what little we can learn on prehispanic settlement patterns might be lost.
Using data compiled from previous archaeological research on Roatán, as well as data acquired through pedestrian survey carried out during the 2009 season of the University of South Florida (USF)'s Project Roatán, I have developed a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) geodatabase in order to provide a broader perspective on both prehispanic and modern settlement patterns. An analysis of site locations with regards to their topography shows that the majority of sites recorded on Roatán are in fact located on hilltops, an observation which, when complemented with other archaeological and ethnohistoric data from northeast Honduras, suggests a possible ritual importance of these spaces. An analysis of current settlement and urban growth patterns shows the degree to which development has encroached upon previously untouched areas of the island, which has impacted an increasing number of archaeological sites. I analyze the various factors and agents that have resulted in this situation, and highlight the need to carry out archaeological research that has heritage management and site preservation as one of its core priorities. These efforts must address the various components that define the management of archaeological heritage in Roatán and Honduras, including local socioeconomic context, national and international policy and law, as well as the various stakeholders with vested interests in cultural heritage. Due to the lack of adequate structures for managing and preserving archaeological resources on Roatán, I argue that approaches such as community participation and increased engagement from the part of researchers outside of Honduras' heritage management sphere are adequate and realistic short-term solutions to the pressing issue of protecting archaeological sites constantly in danger of being affected or destroyed.
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Bernhard, Emelie. "Möten i kulturmiljöer : En studie av publika insatser i samband med arkeologiska utgrävningar." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper, KV, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-23738.
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This essay is focused on the questions of and responsibility for where, when, how and why communication and meetings through archaeology should take place. I have critically studied Swedish public archaeology through three diverse archaeological excavations, one took place in the end of the 1980s, and two others in 2012. I have asked for under what circumstances and with which goals the public efforts become possible. I have interviewed leaders for the archaeological excavations and/or the public efforts and questioned how and why they reached out to the public. I also searched for results and effects in order to problematize and value the public activities. Through interpretation of the researched material it becomes clear that economic issues as well as archaeologists interests and engagements are of vital importance for public archaeology. Co-operation in the local community and archaeological documentation is crucial for the development of archaeology and its role in society. Keywords: Public archaeology, Community archaeology, Heritage, Communication, Management, Historic environment education, Time Travel, Living historyI denna uppsats ligger fokus på frågor som berör ansvaret för var, när, hur och varför kommunikation och möten genom arkeologin ska utföras. Med ett kritiskt förhållningssätt har jag studerat svensk publik arkeologi genom tre skilda arkeologiska utgrävningar, en utfördes i slutet på 1980-talet, och två andra år 2012. Jag har undersökt under vilka förutsättningar och med vilka mål de publika insatserna blivit möjliga. Jag har intervjuat ledare för de arkeologiska utgrävningarna och/eller publika insatserna och ställt frågor om hur och varför den publika arkeologin nått ut. Jag har även sökt efter resultat och effekter i syfte att problematisera och värdera den publika verksamheten. Genom min analys av det utforskade materialet står det klart att ekonomi så väl som arkeologers intresse och engagemang är avgörande för publik arkeologi. Samarbeten inom det lokala samhället och arkeologisk dokumentation är ytterst viktigt för utvecklingen av arkeologin och dess roll i samhället.
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Engström, Elin. "Eketorps veckningar : Hur arkeologi formar tid, rum och kön." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antikens kultur, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-116288.
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This thesis examines the history of the cultural heritage site of Eketorp, a prehistoric ring-fort, on the island of Öland, Sweden. The archaeological excavations at Eketorp, which began in 1964, lasted for a decade and soon turned into one of the largest archaeological research projects in Sweden. The scale and the implementation of the excavations, as an interdisciplinary and international research project, fostered a whole generation of archaeologists and resulted in numerous research publications. After the excavations the archaeological site was transformed into a full-scale archaeological reconstruction by the Swedish National Heritage Board. Since the mid-1980s the site has been a popular tourist attraction and open-air museum. The history of the site itself connects to several academic fields, including archaeology, history of archaeology, cultural heritage and museum studies. Through Ludwig Fleck’s concept thought collective and Donna Haraway’s situated knowledge, which are used as analytical tools, the aim of this thesis is to explore how these different fields interacted throughout the history of Eketorp. Further, the analytical tools are used to highlight how these interactions have generated notions of time, space, and gender. The study takes an interdisciplinary approach with the history of Eketorp analysed in three analytical chapters, each of them with different chronological and empirical focus. First, Eketorp is explored as a contemporary museum space through ethnographic fieldwork. Second, archive material is used to analyse how the archaeological excavation and the following archaeological reconstruction were conducted during the 1960s and onwards. Third, scientific texts are used to analyse how interpretations of Eketorp as a prehistoric site has changed. The concluding chapter integrates the results of the three chapters in order to critically examine how notions of time, space and gender interconnect between these fields. Illustrated by a wide chronological and interdisciplinary approach, the central argument of the thesis is thus that the Eketorp thought collective and thought style, intimately connected to hierarchies in academic practice, were created, performed, and maintained through several scientific and heritage institutions.
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Vanetti, Alice. "L'archéologie du bâti entre étude des vestiges médiévaux et politique patrimoniale : une étude historique et épistémologique." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH020.
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L'archéologie du bâti est une spécialité de l'archéologie qui se développe en Europe entre les années 1990 et 2000. Elle est généralement indiquée comme ce domaine de recherche qui s'occupe de l'étude des bâtiments historiques, de préférence médiévaux, à travers l'application des méthodes et des problématiques de recherche propres à l'archéologie. La lecture des publications qui concernent l'archéologie du bâti dans les pays où elle est employée, montre toutefois des sensibles différences quant aux méthodes employées et aux objectifs poursuivis lors des recherches. Cette hétérogénéité est révélatrice des contenus que les archéologues lui attribuent, qui dans chaque pays sont différents. Ce travail s'attache à saisir le statut actuel de l'archéologie du bâti en France, en Italie et en Suisse, des ``pays phares'' de cette spécialité, et à en mettre en évidence les similitudes et les différences à travers une approche à la fois historique et épistémologique. Puisque l'essor de l'archéologie du bâti résulte de la rencontre entre deux pôles principaux, l'étude des vestiges médiévaux d'une part, la politique patrimoniale de l'autre, nous rendons compte en premier lieu du développement de l'intérêt pour les vestiges médiévaux dès le XIX siècle siècle à aujourd'hui. Cette première analyse, conduite à l'échelle de chaque pays, nous permet de déceler les caractères principaux de ce substrat national d'où l'archéologie du bâti est issue, ce qui nous conduit, dans un second temps, à définir les contours des premières propositions d'archéologie du bâti et, de là, à rendre compte du statut actuel de cette spécialité dans les pays considérésThe archeology of building is a specialism of the archeology that emerge in Europe between 1990 and 2000. It is generally described as this field of research which deals with the study of the historical buildings, especially medieval, through the application of methods and topics of archeology. The literature on archaeology of buildign where it is used, however, shows significant differences either in the methods and in the objectives pursued during the research. This heterogeneity revelas the differents visions that the archaeologists attribute to the archaeology of building, which in each country are different. This work seeks to define the current status of the archeology of buildings in France, Italy and Switzerland, the "flagship countries" of this specialism, and to highlight the similarities and differences through a both historical and epistemological analysis. Since the rise of the archeology of the building results from the meeting between two main poles, the study of the medieval remains on the one hand, and the cultural heritage policy on the other, we first report on the development of interest in medieval remains from the XIX century to today. This first analysis, carried out at the scale of each country, enables us to detect the main characteristics of this national substratum from which the archeology of the building is derived, which leads us in a second time to define the contours of first proposals for the archeology of building and, hence, to account for the present status of this specialism in the countries considered
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Van, Zyl Megan. "An Analysis of the objectives and general principles of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation's Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage." Cape Town, South Africa : Unitersity of Cape Town, 2005. http://lawspace.law.uct.ac.za:8080/dspace/handle/2165/61?mode=full.
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Moreno-Cortes, Jose Enrique. "Living Among the Ruins of an Unknown Past: Economic Realities, Sociocultural Perceptions, and Archaeological Practice in the Naco Valley, Honduras." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5996.
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This study addresses the relationship between perceptions of cultural patrimony, socioeconomic realities, and interactions with archaeological sites in two rural communities in the Naco Valley, Honduras. Palmarejo and Palos Blancos are communities situated around the Naco Valley, that share their space with two major archaeological sites.The residents of these communities interact with the archaeological sites by using their area for farming, cattle grazing, and social/recreational activities. On several occasions, the mounds in the archaeological sites have been used as a source of raw materials for construction. Thus far, the damage to the ruins by these activities has been minimal. However, the discovery of an Ulúa marble vase in one of the sites has the potential to attract looting activities to the area. Marble vases have been a coveted item in the antiquities market due to their rarity and craftsmanship. Although the sites are protected under Honduran law, the government agency that enforces the law is sometimes unable to prevent the destruction of archaeological sites due several constraints, such as the lack of resourses and national discourses that support the preservation of Maya sites over others. Other sites in nearby areas have been destroyed by looters looking for marble vases.
The communities were excavated by an archaeological project during the last decade and the creation of a community archaeological project has been considered to educate the community about the conservation and importance of the archaeological sites. However it has been argued that for the successful development of such a program, knowledge of the socioeconomic and cultural impacts of archaeological sites on the local population is needed. Thus expanding on the goals of a community-oriented archaeology, this study addresses the living context of two archaeological sites as an academic problem by applying ethnographic methods to the practice of archaeology. This approach called archaeological ethnography seeks to understand the socioeconomic context of communities that are impacted by the archaeological practice. Following this direction, this research responds the following question: In what ways and to what extent do social/cultural perceptions, socioeconomic realities, and archaeological practices influence the conservation of archaeological resources in the Palmarejo Valley, Honduras? In answering this question, the study found that although the damages to the site are minimal and the communities have their own rules of interaction with their respective archaeological sites, the practice of using the mounds as a source of raw materials for construction and the potential of subsistence looting are problems to consider in the area. In addition, the study obtained information about the meaning of the sites for the communities and the hopes of the residents that the sites may become tourist attractions, improving their livelihood and quality of life.
The information obtained in this study may provide a baseline of information on how people perceive and interact with these sites, which may be used to consider an archaeological conservation community project in the future. In addition, the data obtained help us understand the reasons for the destruction of archaeological sites or the lack of interest by the communities in their archaeological sites, especially in a setting in which economic development often supersedes considerations of heritage and cultural patrimony. Finally, the data can be compared with other rural communities in Honduras that are adjacent to archaeological sites to evaluate the extent to which these issues are encountered elsewhere in the country.
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Nóbrega, André da Silva. "A Companhia de Jesus no Brasil: a igreja jesuíta de Aquiraz-CE sob a perspectiva da arqueologia." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/30359.
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Como principal ferramenta de expansão territorial, cultural e comercial utilizada pela Coroa Portuguesa a partir do século XVI, a Companhia de Jesus deixou marcas em edifícios no território brasileiro, sendo mais comuns, os colégios e suas igrejas. Os padrões arquitetônico-construtivos cujas origens podem ser traçadas a partir de Roma, seguem até Portugal, onde incorporam novos elementos, e depois ao nordeste brasileiro, onde sofrem adaptações devido ao novo e distinto contexto. Materiais diferentes, escassez de mão de obra especializada e recursos financeiros reduzidos definiram o que se pode afirmar ser a vertente nordestina brasileira da arquitetura jesuítica portuguesa, visível nas ruínas da igreja do Real Hospício do Ceará, e devido à sua influência, em diversos outros edifícios religiosos pelos sertões do nordeste brasileiro. Dado este contexto, o trabalho traz à luz uma proposta de análise técnica-construtiva e reconstituição da antiga igreja jesuíta de Aquiraz-CE sob a perspectiva da Arqueologia da Arquitetura; Abstract:
The Society of Jesus in Brazil
The jesuit church of Aquiraz-CE under the archaeology perspective
As the main tool for territorial, cultural and commercial expansion used by the Portuguese Crown since the 16th century, the Society of Jesus left traces in buildings in Brazil, most commonly jesuit schools and temples. The architectural-constructive patterns whose origins can be traced back to Rome, continue to Portugal, incorporating new elements, and then to northeastern Brazil, undergoing adaptations due to the new and distinctive context. Different materials, lack of specialized labor and reduced funding defined what can be called the Brazilian northeastern variation of Portuguese jesuit architecture, visible in the Ceará Royal Jesuit Hospice church’s ruins, and given the influence of society at the time, in several other religious buildings in the northeastern countryside Brazil. Given the context, this work brings to light a proposal for technical-constructive analysis and reconstitution of the old jesuit church building in Aquiraz-CE from the perspective of the Archaeology of Architecture.
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Ojala, Carl-Gösta. "Sámi Prehistories : The Politics of Archaeology and Identity in Northernmost Europe." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Arkeologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-108857.
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Throughout the history of archaeology, the Sámi (the indigenous people in northern Norway, Sweden, Finland and the Kola Peninsula in the Russian Federation) have been conceptualized as the “Others” in relation to the national identity and (pre)history of the modern states. It is only in the last decades that a field of Sámi archaeology that studies Sámi (pre)history in its own right has emerged, parallel with an ethnic and cultural revival among Sámi groups. This dissertation investigates the notions of Sámi prehistory and archaeology, partly from a research historical perspective and partly from a more contemporary political perspective. It explores how the Sámi and ideas about the Sámi past have been represented in archaeological narratives from the early 19th century until today, as well as the development of an academic field of Sámi archaeology. The study consists of four main parts: 1) A critical examination of the conceptualization of ethnicity, nationalism and indigeneity in archaeological research. 2) A historical analysis of the representations and debates on Sámi prehistory, primarily in Sweden but also to some extent in Norway and Finland, focusing on four main themes: the origin of the Sámi people, South Sámi prehistory as a contested field of study, the development of reindeer herding, and Sámi pre-Christian religion. 3) An analysis of the study of the Sámi past in Russia, and a discussion on archaeological research and constructions of ethnicity and indigeneity in the Russian Federation and the Soviet Union. 4) An examination of the claims for greater Sámi self-determination concerning cultural heritage management and the debates on repatriation and reburial in the Nordic countries. In the dissertation, it is argued that there is a great need for discussions on the ethics and politics of archaeological research. A relational network approach is suggested as a way of opening up some of the black boxes and bounded, static entities in the representations of people in the past in the North.
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Parno, Travis Gordon. ""With the quiet sturdy strength of the folk of an older time": an archaeological approach to time, place-making, and heritage construction at the Fairbanks House, Dedham, Massachusetts." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/34331.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityHistoric houses function as the stages for, and central figures in, processes of place-making and heritage construction. I offer the case site of the Fairbanks House (completed in 1641) in Dedham, Massachusetts as the subject of my investigation into these issues. Touted as the "oldest timber frame house in North America," the Fairbanks House is widely regarded as a significant example of early colonial architecture in the United States; it has operated as a house museum since it was purchased by the Fairbanks Family in America, Inc. stewardship group in 1904. This study expands beyond antiquity to include all eight generations of Fairbanks families who lived on the property. I argue that longevity, and a durational perspective that links the past with the present, is equally vital to peoples' understanding and appreciation. I trace the biography of the Fairbanks House from its creation in the early 17th century to its current use as a heritage site. This perspective emphasizes the continued saliency of accumulated individual decisions and actions, reified by both material culture and immaterial processes such as tradition and memory. I use archaeological, architectural, documentary, and oral sources to reconstruct the landscape of the Fairbanks farm and I demonstrate how residents made day-to-day choices, such as land purchases or neighborly socializing, to improve their socio-economic standing and establish a future for their children. In doing so for eight generations, they established a legacy that was celebrated beginning in the 19th century, when Fairbanks women living in the house promoted their family's history through storytelling and published media. These processes of heritage construction remain continuous and personal, as shown by the results of an ethnographic study that I designed, which reveals that Fairbanks House museum visitors define historicity not through specific facts about the Fairbanks family but through their own narratives based on their engagement with the site's material culture. In addition to providing an important example of how generations of modestly-successful New England farmers adapted their surroundings to fit their values and goals, this study positions local house museums as dynamic spaces for creative, personal engagements with the past.
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Linassi, Priscila Silva. "PROPOSTA DE EXPOSIÇÃO MUSEOLÓGICA ESTÂNCIA VELHA DO JARAU PATRIMÔNIO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: FRONTEIRA ENTRE ARQUEOLOGIA, HISTÓRIA E LENDA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11036.
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This study deals with the formulation of a proposal exposure to archaeological
collected Archaeological RS - Q -17 Estancia Velha Jarau . The survey collected
information on bibliography , dissertations , monographs and material culture ;
through these materials sought to develop a proposal for exposure. The purpose of
this dissertation is to develop a proposal for the archaeological exhibition with the
Estancia Velha Jarau . This thesis sought to examine initially the elements that make
up the formation of the resort, as the pampa , his legend , the Archaeological Site ,
regarding the interventions , their archeology and the law of the same . After the
discussion was contextualized , covering aspects such as museum, exhibition of
goods , means of communication museum , as well as the proposed exhibition,
pervaded by the Heritage Education . This contextualization sought to build a
proposed museum exhibition meaningful , easy to understand , seeking access to
information , preservation and enhancement of these assets , while important assets
of Rio Grande do Sul and Brazil.Este estudo trata da formulação de uma proposta de exposição para os bens arqueológicos coletados no Sítio Arqueológico RS-Q-17 Estância Velha do Jarau. A pesquisa coletou informações em bibliografia, dissertações de mestrado, monografias e na cultura material; através destes materiais procurou-se elaborar uma proposta de exposição. O objetivo desta Dissertação é elaborar uma proposta de exposição com os bens arqueológicos da Estância Velha do Jarau. Esta Dissertação buscou analisar, inicialmente, os elementos que compõe a formação da estância, como o pampa, sua lenda, o Sítio Arqueológico, no que tange às intervenções realizadas, sua arqueologia e à legislação do mesmo. Após foi contextualizada a discussão, abordando aspectos como museu, exposição dos bens, forma de comunicação museológica, bem como a proposta de exposição, permeados pela Educação Patrimonial. Essa contextualização procurou construir uma proposta de exposição museológica significativa, de fácil compreensão, buscando o acesso à informação, a preservação e valorização destes bens, enquanto importantes patrimônios do Rio Grande do Sul e do Brasil.
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Silva, Bruno Sanches Ranzani da. "Descobrindo a Chácara e a Charqueada, pela arqueologia pública." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-30112017-091734/.
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O objetivo desta tese é analisar a relação entre saberes locais e arqueológicos na construção do conhecimento sobre o passado, usando da metodologia etnográfica, e com base nos conceitos de arqueologia pública e patrimônio arqueológico. Como estudo de caso, escolhi o sítio arqueológico \"Charqueada Santa Bárbara\", fragmento de uma antiga estancia de produção de charque (carne seca) de mesmo nome, em Pelotas/RS. Com isso, minha pesquisa esteve associada ao projeto O Pampa Negro: Arqueologia da escravidão na região meridional do Rio Grande do Sul (1780-1888), coordenado por Lucio Menezes Ferreira. Como ferramentas de análise, tomei como guia cinco conceitos específicos: representação social, memória, paisagem, narrativa e agência. Como resultado, defendo três pontos essenciais. Primeiro, que a arqueologia pública não se deixe fagocitar pelas estratégias de mercado, e permaneça como um veio da disciplina preocupado com produção de conhecimento crítico sobre o passado, e com uma postura engajada no presente. Segundo, que patrimônio é uma categoria Estatal de gestão do espaço e memória social. Como tal, ela não é análoga à relações de afeto desenvolvidas entre pessoas e coisas. Mas concede à arqueologia um poder, mesmo que pequeno, sobre as condições sociais e histórias que serão representadas no patrimônio arqueológico, e devemos usar esse poder pelo viés da arqueologia pública como defendo. Por fim, em consonância com os demais resultados, busquei produzir uma narrativa de história recente sobre os moradores que ainda vivem sobre o sítio arqueológico. Para isso, analisei suas materialidades cotidianas, que se mostraram mais representativas de suas histórias, e também de histórias mais críticas sobre o passado de Pelotas. Entre tantos temas identificados pela etnografia, escolhi falar sobre história das mulheres na Chácara.The aim of this thesis is to analyze the relationship between local and archaeological expertise in the construction of knowledge about the past, using an ethnographic method, and based on the concepts of public archeology and archaeological heritage. As a case study, I chose the archaeological site of \"Charqueada Santa Bárbara\", a fragment of an old plantation of charque production (jerked beaf) of the same name, in Pelotas/RS/Brazil. My research was associated to the project The Pampa Negro: Archeology of slavery in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul (1780-1888), coordinated by Lucio Menezes Ferreira. Among so many themes identified by ethnography, I chose to talk about the history of women in Chácara Santa Bárbara. As tools of analysis, I followed the path of five particular concepts: social representation, memory, landscape, narrative, and agency. As a result, I advocate three essential points. First, public archeology must remain a branch of discipline concerned with producing critical knowledge about the past and an engaged political stance in the present while disallowing itself to be absorbed by marketing strategies. Second, heritage is a State category for space and social memory management. As such, it is not analogous to the affective relations developed between persons and things. Nonetheless, it gives archeology the power to help define social conditions and stories that will be represented in the archaeological heritage, and we must use that power to show critical and socially responsible versions of the past. Finally, according to these premises, I tried to produce a recent historical narrative about the residents who still live at Charqueada Santa Bárbara. For that, I analyzed their daily material culture, which were more representative of their life stories, and of more critical pictures of Pelotas\' past.
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Grundberg, Leif. "Medeltid i centrum : europeisering, historieskrivning och kulturarvsbruk i norrländska kulturmiljöer." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkeologi och samiska studier, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-924.
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This thesis aims to shed light upon three related research areas with the medieval period at their core: medieval Europeanization, the historiography of medieval places, the importance of the cultural environment and medieval period for the present day. By these means several current research angles are integrated within medieval research, the history of science and cultural heritage research. Six investigations of medieval central places in Ångermanland and Medelpad in northern Sweden are used to exemplify these issues. The use of hermeneutic theory emphasises the relationship between the present day community, the individual and the interpretation of history. The sites presented in the thesis represent the entire medieval period from the 11th Century to the start of the 16th Century. Two of them – Kvissle chapel and “Skelettåkern” (=The Skeleton Field) in Björned – functioned as private Christian churches or graveyards; two were important harbours – Sankt Olofshamn (=Saint Olof’s Harbour) and Kyrkesviken (=Church bay); two functioned as military castles or fortifications – Styresholm/ ”Pukeborg” and Bjärtrå stronghold. In addition to these, four medieval stone parish churches have been examined: the old church at Alnö in Medelpad, and the churches of Torsåker, Boteå and Grundsunda in Ångermanland. The Europeanization of Norrland is discussed with reference to aspects such as religious transition and parish formation, monetarization and changes in household structure, trade specialization and administrative territorialization. Central places have played an important role in this process. Historiography illuminates how, and in which contexts, knowledge and understanding of history and medieval central places has developed and been communicated. This includes the use of place names and the oral narration of history, authorship and scientific research into local history. A number of primary school teachers, adult education college (‘folk high school’) teachers and priests were particularly important for the growth of local historical research around the turn of the 20th century. The use of cultural heritage is illustrated with a discussion of how the medieval cultural environments in Ångermanland and Medelpad have been interpreted and used in recent years. This includes aspects such as signposting, teaching and research activities, mass media attention, amateur history plays and similar performances, and the formation of various types of society. These three aspects of Norrland’s medieval period, together with the use of a cultural heritage perspective, form a broader holistic picture of the social role of scientific research and the cultural environment, where local interest in history is important for regional development.
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Andersson, Joakim. "Skilda världar : Samtida föreställningar om kulturarvsplatser." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Kultur och samhälle, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15421.
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Kulturarvsplatser kan betraktas på olika sätt av olika människor. Samtidigt finns kol-lektiva föreställningar om hur en kulturarvsplats bör förstås. Mellan dessa utgångs-punkter sker förhandlingar om kulturarvsplatsens betydelse och värde. Syftet med studien är att förstå hur en plats, institutionellt utpekad som kulturarv, används och iscensätts genom mångsidiga och korsande praktiker, både via media och på plats. Två fall undersöks som har olika inriktningar men båda inom svensk kulturmiljö-vård: kulturreservatet komministerbostället Råshult i sydvästra Kronoberg i Småland som är botanikern Carl von Linnés födelseplats och den publika uppdragsarkeologiska verksamheten i Slättbygdsprojektet i västra Östergötland. Frågorna berör vilka arenor medieringen sker, dess tematik/innehåll, iscensättningen av kulturarvet samt hur besö-karna uppfattar sitt besök av platsen och de strategiska aktörernas visioner för platsen. Metodiskt följs en tänkt besökares väg till kulturarvsplatsen och faktiska besökare vid platsen. Både i slättbygdens undersökningsrum och vid Linnés Råshult synliggörs den kollektiva föreställningarna som huvudsakligen en vetenskaplig studieplats och en skattkammare för särskilt värdefulla ting. Besökarna lyfter dock fram de sociala aspekterna av besöket. Besökarens tolkning existerar och konkurrerar med andra bilder av platserna. Det saknas dock arenor som synliggör och sätter dessa i förbindelse med de strategiska aktörerna, trots mycket offentligt tal om demokratisering av kulturarvs-processerna under senare år. Olika materials bilder har på så sätt lagts jämte varandra för att synliggöra dynamik, förhandling, konkurrens och bristande dialog kring en plats.Cultural heritage sites can be looked at differently by different people. These sites also carry collective understandings of how they should be understood. Between these two outsets there are negotiations of the sites’ meaning and value. The aim of this thesis is to understand how a place, institutionally pointed out as cultural heritage, is used and staged through diverse and intersecting practices, both through media and on the heri-tage site. Two differently oriented cases are researched within Swedish cultural heritage preservation: one the birthplace of Carolus Linnaeus, the botanist, which is a cultural reservation located at Råshult in the south of Sweden, and the other a commissioned archaeological project called Slättbygdsprojektet in Östergötland in mid Sweden. The questions concern on what arenas the mediation happens, its theme/content, the staging of the cultural heritage, as well as the visitors’ experiences and the strategic actors’ visions of the site. Methodically I follow both a fictive visitor’s way to the heritage site and actual visitors on site. Both in Slättbygdsprojektet and at Linnés Råshult the collective understandings of the sites are mainly viewed as a place for scientific study and a treasure chamber for especially valuable objects. The visitors especially highlight the social aspects of their visit. The visitors’ interpretation exists and competes with other images. However, there are no arenas that can make them visible, to put them in relation with the strategic actors, despite much public speech in recent years about democratizing cultural heri-tage processes. Images of different researched materials of the site have been juxta-posed to make visible the dynamic, negotiations, competition and lack of dialogue about cultural heritage sites.
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Nogueira, Ricardo Augusto Silva. "A CONSTRUÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO ARQUEOLÓGICO EM SERRANÓPOLIS, GOIÁS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/3323.
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Previous issue date: 2014-03-20This dissertation proposes to identify and analyze current discourses related to archeological patrimony produced in Serranópolis, State of Goiás. Based on the trajectory of the archeological studies, we propose to identify the heritage left by the works that have began in the city in the 1970s and to identify the current characters that live in the county, responsible for transmitting such knowledge to the community and tourists. Thus, we treat the heritage left by the archeological studies, whose theoretical approach depends of a historical perspective on the construction of the meaning of cultural patrimony, as a strong contributor to the formation of social representations that are committed to the preservation of local petroglyphs. The methodological distance that some of the approaches take in relation to the technical studies of archeology in this dissertation, search for a critical archeology, where your perception, when talking about the speech contributors, approaches the theory of social representations produced by Serge Moscovici and worked by the historian Roger Chartier. The analysis shows the social importance for the proper procedure of transmission of values related to cultural patrimony. The investigation provides an understanding of the historical legacy that archeology received of the focused time and the implications for current issues of Archeology. Thus, attaching importance and skills, become necessary and emergency to ensure the preservation of these testimonies of human history
Esta dissertação propõe-se a identificar e analisar os atuais discursos referentes ao patrimônio arqueológico produzido em Serranópolis, Estado de Goiás. A partir da trajetória dos estudos arqueológicos, propomos identificar a herança deixada por esses trabalhos que começaram na cidade na década de 1970 e identificar os personagens atuais, residentes no município, responsáveis por transmitir esses conhecimentos a comunidade e turistas. Desta forma, tratamos a herança deixada pelos estudos arqueológicos, cuja abordagem teórica depende de uma perspectiva histórica na construção do sentido de patrimônio cultural, como uma forte contribuinte para formação de representações sociais que estejam compromissadas com a preservação das pinturas rupestres locais. A distância metodológica que algumas das abordagens tomam em relação aos estudos técnicos de arqueologia nessa dissertação, busca uma arqueologia crítica, onde sua percepção, ao falar dos contribuintes do discurso, se aproxima da teoria das Representações Sociais produzidas por Serge Moscovici e trabalhadas pelo historiador Roger Chartier. A análise aponta a importância social para o adequado procedimento de transmissão dos valores relativos ao patrimônio cultural. A investigação permite compreender o legado histórico que a arqueologia recebeu do período focalizado e as implicações para as questões atuais da Arqueologia. Assim, atribuir importância e competências, fazem-se necessários e emergenciais para garantir a preservação desses testemunhos da história humana.
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Piernas, Agnès. "Histoire d'entreprises et Histoire des techniques : dans les coulisses des Archives nationales du monde du travail : parcours d'un archiviste de "l'Usine à mémoires" au service de l'Histoire avec ses travaux de valorisation." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MULH5247.
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Les missions d’un archiviste sont de collecter, classer, conserver et communiquer les archives. Pour cette dernière mission, la communication comprend la mise à disposition en salle de lecture des fonds au chercheur, qu’il faut orienter au mieux, mais elle signifie aussi que l’archiviste communique sur le contenu de ces documents. Elle aboutit à la«valorisation» des archives qui prend de multiples formes: expositions physiques ou virtuelles, interventions, publications,etc. Si cette chaîne archivistique est universelle, il convient d’étudier comment l’archiviste s’adapte aux fonds qu’ils conservent. À travers l’exemple de la valorisation des fonds d’entreprises aux Archives nationales du monde du travail de 2006 à 2018, il s’agit de montrer comment l’archiviste mobilise ses compétences antérieures et les met au service de son institution à l’occasion de différentes manifestations pour faire connaître les archives d’entreprises à la communauté scientifique comme au plus grand nombre. En somme, comment il contribue à l’historiographie sous différentes facettes et comment le contenu des archives d’entreprises participe aisément à celle-ciThe tasks of an archivist are to collect, classify, preserve and communicate archives. For this last mission, communication includes making the fonds available in the reading room to the researcher, which must be oriented as best as possible, but it also means that the archivist communicates on the content of these documents. It leads to the "valorisation" of archives in many forms: physical or virtual exhibitions, interventions, publications,etc. If this archival chain is universal, it is necessary to study how the archivist adapts to the holdings they hold. Using the example of the valorisation of company collections at the National Archives of the World of Work from 2006 to 2018, the aim will be to show how the archivist mobilises his previous skills and puts them at the service of his institution on the occasion of various events to make the company archives known to the scientific community and to the general public. In short, how it contributes to historiography indifferent ways and how the content of company archives easily contributes to it
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Keremedjiev, Helen Alexandra. "The ethnography of on-site interpretation and commemoration practices| Place-based cultural heritages at the Bear Paw, Big Hole, Little Bighorn, and Rosebud Battlefields." Thesis, University of Montana, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3568112.
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Using a memory archaeology paradigm, this dissertation explored from 2010 to 2012 the ways people used place-based narratives to create and maintain the sacredness of four historic battlefields in Montana: Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument; Nez Perce National Historical Park- Bear Paw Battlefield; Nez Perce National Historical Park- Big Hole National Battlefield; and Rosebud Battlefield State Park. This research implemented a mixed-methods approach of four data sources: historical research about on-site interpretation and land management of the battlefields; participant observations conducted during height of tourism season for each battlefield; 1,056 questionnaires administered to park visitors; and 32 semi-structured interviews with park personnel. Before formulating hypotheses to test, a preliminary literature review was conducted on three battlefields (Culloden, Fallen Timbers, and Isandlwana) for any observable patterns concerning the research domain.
This dissertation tested two hypotheses to explain potential patterns at the four battlefields in Montana related to on-site interpretation of primary sources, the sacred perception of battlefields, and the maintenance and expression of place-based cultural heritages and historical knowledge. The first hypothesis examined whether park visitors and personnel perceived these American Indian battlefields as nationally significant or if other heritage values associated with the place-based interpretation of the sacred landscapes were more important. Although park visitors and personnel overall perceived the battlefields as nationally important, they also strongly expressed other heritage values. The second hypothesis examined whether battlefield visitors who made pilgrimages to attend or participate in official on-site commemorations had stronger place-based connections for cultural heritage or historical knowledge reasons than other visitors. Overall, these commemoration pilgrims had stronger connections to the battlefields than other park visitors.
Closer comparisons of the four battlefields demonstrated that they had both similar patterns and unique aspects of why people maintained these landscapes as sacred places.
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Spangen, Marte. "Circling Concepts : A Critical Archaeological Analysis of the Notion of Stone Circles as Sami Offering Sites." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antikens kultur, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-133066.
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The thesis discusses a category of cultural heritage that has been labelled "Sami circular offering sites", aiming to establish some basic facts about their origin, distribution and use, as well as their cultural and socio-political context and influence. The stone enclosures in question have been interpreted as Sami offering sites since the mid-19th century, but a discourse analysis of the research history indicates that this may have been based on a scholarly hypothesis rather than ethnographic or archaeological evidence. Furthermore it is questioned if all the structures that are currently included in this category are in fact remains of the same cultural practice. This is investigated through surveys of 81 suggested circular offering sites in Norway, two excavations and analyses of the find material. The large stone enclosures in counties Finnmark and Troms that were first categorised in this way prove to have quite consistent builds and measurements and a find material mainly dating between the 13th and 17th centuries. These structures are here labelled type 1. In contrast, constructions that have later been added to the category, particularly in other areas, have other and less consistent characteristics and seem to include remains of a range of different activities. They are here divided into two generic types 2 and 3. The thesis further discusses alternative interpretations for the type 1 structures, concluding that their materiality, construction, location, topography and finds are consistent with archaeological, historical and ethnographic evidence for wolf traps. Their distribution indicates a regional Sami cultural practice related to inland winter habitation and travel routes, while also apparently coinciding with the Russian/Karelian taxation area in northern Norway in the Middle Ages. Thus the builds may have been inspired by the fur trade or other activities of the latter groups. It is uncertain when exactly the installations fell into disuse, as datings are calibrated to AD 1450-1650. The abandonment could be related to the decline of Novgorod as a fur trade centre, Russian loss of taxation rights in northern Norway, increased Swedish impact in the inland areas and Norwegian activity along the coasts, which all led to changes in administration, taxation, trade patterns and demand for furs. The contemporary decimation of the wild reindeer population, increased reindeer herding and introduction of new weapons like crossbows, guns and foothold traps, may all have made permanent trapping installations less useful. The sites may, however, have gone out of use at different times. Certain finds of marrow split bones, very recent coins and other objects suggest a later reconceptualisation of some structures as offering sites, whether as a local explanation or inspired by the later scholarly definition. Throughout the thesis, the construction and distribution of the archaeological category and the preference for the ritual or religious interpretation are discussed as results of specific socio-political contexts, where stereotypical notions about Sami identity and culture have had a strong impact. The thesis explores how academic and other narratives influence each other within certain discourses of power and indigenous "rights and rites", and the continuous mutual impact on individual actions and emotions through networks of people, power and things. The present reinterpretation challenges existing academic and local narratives. It is based on the materiality of the structures, but the offering site explanation is not positively refuted. Yet, as part of an authorised heritage discourse, the present statement is more likely to impact future categorisation and practices than other narratives within other discourses, expressing a persistent and inherent power inequality. This may be ethically problematic in the context of an indigenous minority, but it may also be argued that the role of the archaeologist expert is precisely to expose the insisting materiality of the past and the power/knowledge networks that promote specific narratives about it.
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Mehrmand, Sonia M. "Canonizing the Colosseum: Remembering, Manipulating, and Codifying Memory in the Eternal City." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/241.
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The study of social memory is not purely a historical or anthropological endeavor. Archaeology can provide a considerable amount of evidence about how and why people remembered. In this case study, the Colosseum will be studied in the broader sense of being a monument of damnatio memoriae and commemorative memory; the very act of building it can be seen as a form of “recutting” the landscape to fit the image Vespasian wanted to convey of his predecessor. The Colosseum will also be studied in an even larger historical context. This will involve analyzing the manner in which it was memorialized during the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and by British visitors during the Victorian era. I will end the case study with an analysis of Benito Mussolini’s use of antiquity and the Colosseum to propagate Fascism.
Lastly, the concept of cultural heritage and the institutions that uphold it, particularly UNESCO, will be put into question. In illustrating the fluidity of interpretations of the past, in this case through material culture, I argue that the endeavor to codify them by establishing World Heritage sites is problematic because of their subjectivity to modern agendas. However, in order to understand changing attitudes and memories associated with a single monument, one must first explore the nature of social memory.
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Bertrand, Daniel. "Patrim?nio, Mem?ria e Espa?o: a constru??o da paisagem a?ucareira do Vale do Cear?-Mirim." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16939.
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Previous issue date: 2010-10-05This work aims to understand how the installation of sugar culture along the river Cear?-Mirim defined the spatial organization of the Valley, and thus setting the landscape. This space has begun to be defined only in the second half of the nineteenth century, when the sugarcane growth had atarted on land located on the banks of the river Cear?-Mirim. The passage of this period of great prosperity can be seen through the heritage material which is still presented in the region. Walking through the Valley, we found a considerable number of architectural buildings, many in ruins, linked to this historical moment. This perception, caused by these buildings, will take us on a trip to the past, back to a time characterized by great-houses, mills, sugarcane plantations, planters, slaves, etc. The references that lead us to consider the sugar mills located along the valley of Cear? Mirim as a patrimony, which carry an entire historical baggage, guide us to the first half of the twentieth century. During this period, the role of intellectuals from the Rio - Sao Paulo through the modernist movement will be decisive in the formation of a national identity. The heritage material identified along the valley of Cear? Mirim defined its current spatial organization, setting the landscape. But we must conceive this landscape into two ways: first, as a material representation of social practices carried out in this space, where social, cultural, economic and environmental aspects have interacted to their training; as well as a landscape that carries a whole historical baggage which was built throughout the twentieth century
Este trabalho tem o objetivo de entender como a instala??o da cultura a?ucareira ao longo do rio Cear?-Mirim definiu a organiza??o espacial do Vale, configurando assim a paisagem. Esse espa?o come?ou a ser definido somente na segunda metade do s?culo XIX, quando se iniciou o cultivo da cana de a??car nas terras localizadas nas margens do rio Cear?-Mirim. A passagem deste per?odo de grande prosperidade pode ser observada atrav?s do patrim?nio material ainda presente na regi?o. Percorrendo o Vale, verificamos um n?mero consider?vel de constru??es arquitet?nicas, muitas em ru?nas, ligadas a esse momento hist?rico. Essa percep??o, causada por essas constru??es, nos leva h? uma viagem ao passado, para um tempo caracterizado por casas-grande, engenhos, planta??es de cana, senhores de engenho, escravos, etc. Os referenciais que nos levam a considerar os engenhos de a??car localizados ao longo do Vale do Cear?-Mirim como patrim?nio, que carregam toda uma bagagem hist?rica, remete-nos a primeira metade do s?culo XX. Nesse per?odo, a atua??o de intelectuais do eixo Rio S?o Paulo atrav?s do movimento modernista ser? decisivo na constitui??o de uma identidade nacional. O patrim?nio material identificado ao longo do Vale do Cear?-Mirim definiu a sua atual organiza??o espacial, configurando a paisagem. Mas devemos conceber essa paisagem de duas formas: primeiro, como uma representa??o material das praticas sociais realizadas neste espa?o, onde aspectos sociais, culturais, econ?micos e ambientais interagiram para a sua forma??o; como tamb?m, uma paisagem que carrega toda uma bagagem hist?rica formada ao longo do s?culo XX
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af, Geijerstam Jan. "Landscapes of Technology Transfer : Swedish Ironmakers in India 1860–1864." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industrial Economics and Management, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3784.
Full textAbstract:
In the early 1860s three Swedes, Nils Wilhelm Mitander,Julius Ramsay and Gustaf Wittenström, were engaged by theBritish to build and run charcoal-based ironworks in India.These works, the Burwai Iron Works of the British Government inthe case of Mitander and the privately owned Kumaon Iron Worksin the case of Ramsay and Wittenström, were both to bebased on the most modern European technology. The projects werepioneering in Indian ironmaking. The ambitions were high andstakes big, but after only a few years the projects were closedand the Swedes returned home.Landscapes of Technology Transferpresents a detailedstudy of the Kumaon and Burwai Iron Works, from their firstconception to their final closure. The investigation isbasically empirical and a fundamental question is: Why were theworks never brought into full and continuous production?
The ironworks projects should be considered as processes oftechnology transfer rather than fully fledged and completedtransfers. In spite of this lack of success, or maybe becauseof it, the history of the ironworks and the Swedes also forms afruitful case to put other questions of wide relevance. Itexposes workings and effects of colonialism and offers anexplanation of the late development of India's iron and steelindustry and analyses of the complex totality forming theprerequisites for a successful transfer of technology. The longtraditions of bloomery ironmaking in India and ismarginalisation is also discussed.
Landscapes of Technology Transferis a comprehensiveempirical study. From a local and individual perspective ittraces lines of connection across boundaries of time andgeography. The historical landscapes of technology transfer aredescribed in their cultural, social, economic and politicaldimensions and the thesis underlines the importance of a closeacquaintance with local settings and conditions, where historyis manifested in a physical presence. The remains of theironworks and theirlocal landscapes in present-day India areused as a central source for writing their histories. There isalso a strong emphasis on the use of photographs and drawingsas sources.
The outcome of the projects was the result of the interplaybetween the local and the global, between a diversity ofconcrete factors influencing the construction of the works andtheir running and their colonial character. The studyemphasises the importance of technological systems andnetworks, both on a micro and a macro level. On a local leveldemanding logistics, a sometimes adverse climate, theprocurement of charcoal and iron ore in sufficient quantitiesand the build up of knowledge of ironmaking posed serious butnot insurmountable difficulties. Most obstacles were overcomealready during the first few years of the 1860s, the period ofthe Swedes, but to put the works into full and continuousproduction would have needed perseverance and purposefulefforts to support and protect the iron production, at leastduring an initial period. In the end the position of India as acolonial dependency, subjected to the primacy of Britishinterests, set the limits of the projects.
Key words:History of technology, industrial heritagestudies, industrial archaeology, technology transfer,diffusion, technological systems, landscapes of technology,iron and steel, charcoal iron, direct and indirect ironmaking,bloomeries, 19th century, industrial history,industrialisation, de-industrialisation, underdevelopment,colonialism, India, Sweden, Great Britain, global history,annales.
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Af, Geijerstam Jan. "Landscapes of Technology Transfer : Swedish Ironmakers in India 1860–1864." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3784.
Full textAbstract:
In the early 1860s three Swedes, Nils Wilhelm Mitander,Julius Ramsay and Gustaf Wittenström, were engaged by theBritish to build and run charcoal-based ironworks in India.These works, the Burwai Iron Works of the British Government inthe case of Mitander and the privately owned Kumaon Iron Worksin the case of Ramsay and Wittenström, were both to bebased on the most modern European technology. The projects werepioneering in Indian ironmaking. The ambitions were high andstakes big, but after only a few years the projects were closedand the Swedes returned home.Landscapes of Technology Transferpresents a detailedstudy of the Kumaon and Burwai Iron Works, from their firstconception to their final closure. The investigation isbasically empirical and a fundamental question is: Why were theworks never brought into full and continuous production? The ironworks projects should be considered as processes oftechnology transfer rather than fully fledged and completedtransfers. In spite of this lack of success, or maybe becauseof it, the history of the ironworks and the Swedes also forms afruitful case to put other questions of wide relevance. Itexposes workings and effects of colonialism and offers anexplanation of the late development of India's iron and steelindustry and analyses of the complex totality forming theprerequisites for a successful transfer of technology. The longtraditions of bloomery ironmaking in India and ismarginalisation is also discussed. Landscapes of Technology Transferis a comprehensiveempirical study. From a local and individual perspective ittraces lines of connection across boundaries of time andgeography. The historical landscapes of technology transfer aredescribed in their cultural, social, economic and politicaldimensions and the thesis underlines the importance of a closeacquaintance with local settings and conditions, where historyis manifested in a physical presence. The remains of theironworks and theirlocal landscapes in present-day India areused as a central source for writing their histories. There isalso a strong emphasis on the use of photographs and drawingsas sources. The outcome of the projects was the result of the interplaybetween the local and the global, between a diversity ofconcrete factors influencing the construction of the works andtheir running and their colonial character. The studyemphasises the importance of technological systems andnetworks, both on a micro and a macro level. On a local leveldemanding logistics, a sometimes adverse climate, theprocurement of charcoal and iron ore in sufficient quantitiesand the build up of knowledge of ironmaking posed serious butnot insurmountable difficulties. Most obstacles were overcomealready during the first few years of the 1860s, the period ofthe Swedes, but to put the works into full and continuousproduction would have needed perseverance and purposefulefforts to support and protect the iron production, at leastduring an initial period. In the end the position of India as acolonial dependency, subjected to the primacy of Britishinterests, set the limits of the projects. Key words:History of technology, industrial heritagestudies, industrial archaeology, technology transfer,diffusion, technological systems, landscapes of technology,iron and steel, charcoal iron, direct and indirect ironmaking,bloomeries, 19th century, industrial history,industrialisation, de-industrialisation, underdevelopment,colonialism, India, Sweden, Great Britain, global history,annales.Qc 20170119
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Heale, Daniel. "Egypt's hidden heritage : cultural heritage management and the archaeology of the Coptic Church." Thesis, University of Winchester, 2016. http://repository.winchester.ac.uk/1236/.
Full textAbstract:
The Christian cultural heritage of north Africa is ancient and rich, but at risk after recent political events. Many Christian minority communities living in Islamic environments feel at risk of persecution. This is a topical and timely PhD. The Christian, Coptic heritage of Egypt remains poorly studied from the perspective of heritage management and is also at risk from a number of factors. Using first-hand study and analysis based upon original fieldwork, the thesis offers a state of the art assessment to risks facing Coptic monuments in Egypt today. It does this by situating Egyptian heritage policy within the English framework, and it establishes theoretical approaches to value, significance, meaning, and interpretation in Egyptian heritage within a wider global framework. It is based on the analysis of three markedly different Egyptian Christian Coptic sites, each with their own unique management issues and it offers a series of solutions and ideas to preserve, manage and interpret this unique material culture and to emphasise community solutions as being the most viable and sustainable approaches, whilst taking into account the varied levels of significance of these monuments.
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Wade, Richard Peter. "A systematics for interpreting past structures with possible cosmic references in Sub-Saharan Africa." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05052009-174557/.
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Kiddey, Rachael. "Homeless heritage : collaborative social archaeology as therapeutic practice." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6262/.
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To be defined by a lack of something – homeless – creates problematic identity challenges and fundamentally ruptures a person’s sense of ontological security. Archaeology as a contemporary material and creative practice involves working back and forth between material culture (landscapes, places and things) and intangible heritage (memories, stories and experiences). Through this work, narratives emerge which inform identities, challenge dominant stereotypes and aid a sense of belonging which enhances resilience and self-esteem among those involved. This thesis presents fieldwork conducted in the U.K. between 2008-2013 in which contemporary homeless people were engaged as colleagues (rather than participants) and facilitated to interpret the heritage of homelessness in ways and words meaningful to them. Working collaboratively with archaeology students, homeless colleagues mapped and documented landscapes and undertook two archaeological excavations of homeless sites. Two co-curated interactive public exhibitions were produced. This thesis considers how the archaeological process – counter-mapping, field-walking and talking, working as a team, identifying sites and artefacts of significance and constructing narratives – can be shown to have significant therapeutic effects. Memory and identity work are considered in relation to psychological observations concerning the qualitative benefits of hope and its role in motivating people. Recent neuroscience work is also drawn upon. Findings suggest that neural plasticity can be affected by the social environment in health damaging or health promoting ways (McEwan 2012). Significant positive outcomes from the Homeless Heritage project include increased ‘social connectedness’, independent living and employment among those involved and suggest that collaborative archaeological work can provide positive social environments and function as low level support. It is suggested that associated health benefits offer a potentially rich avenue for further collaborative research between archaeologists interested in how the discipline might function in socially useful ways and neuroscientists keen to explore non-pharmaceutical approaches to treatment of trauma and social sustainability.
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Spendlove, Marion. "Heritage in Britain : lifelong learning, archaeology and partnerships." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1263/.
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The thesis investigates whether contemporary policy and practice support formal and informal learning in the field of archaeology. Also, the assumption that multi-sector partnerships broaden community participation in heritage activities is interrogated. The multi-method comparative research model applied both empirical and qualitative methods to three case studies in the Midlands of Britain. Each of these projects gained funding to exhibit archaeology to the public during the course of the research. The policies and practices of the key individuals in the partnerships were investigated through taped interviews, and the data was analysed using cognitive mapping (Tolman, 1948, Buzan, 1993). Data about the visitors were gathered through questionnaire surveys, taped oral accounts, and observational studies. The interests, concerns and agenda of the principle stakeholders were compared. The results indicated that the role of the volunteers was crucial to the success and sustainability of the projects. However, some volunteers felt that they were weaker partners, and this was linked to a distinction between amateurs and professionals. The power of local authorities in heritage partnerships and their conflicting roles as developers and guardians of the archaeological heritage are questioned. Ways to facilitate participatory partnerships are suggested. The research draws on Foucault's definition of discourse, and Bourdieu's human capital theories and his concept of habitus and distinction. The links between informal and formal learning are rarely researched and theorised, but this study identifies how archaeologists, acting as "cultural intermediaries" (Bourdieu, 1984: 14), can create and sustain learning opportunities for adults, collapsing some of the traditional hierarchies between popular entertainment, community knowledge, and intellectual knowledge. The thesis places learning in archaeology within the theory of a structured taxonomy of learning (Biggs, 1971, Biggs and Collis, 1982).
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Tzanidaki, Johanna-Despoina. "The European cultural heritage : community and national legislation for heritage management in the European Union." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/43790/.
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The aim of this research is the consideration of the cultural heritage policies of European institutions (the European Union and the Council of Europe) and the impact of such policies on the national heritage policy of two member States (Greece and Italy). The analysis focuses mainly on the national and supra-national heritage legislation. The EU by means of policies and laws has gradually emerged as an important factor in the field of national heritage management. The impact of the EU in the fields of heritage terminology and legislation is a fact. New concepts concerning things 'national' are being directly 'imported' from the EU to its member States. The use of heritage in the political arena has a long history in nation States, with regard to issues of identity. By taking this one step further, the EU aims to construct a 'European' identity which will eventually replace the different 'national' ones. A historical narrative proves the logic behind EU action. The cultural heritage has been used by the EU throughout the years for a variety of political and economic purposes. The amendment of national laws and the introduction of EU concepts into national heritage law are results of an imposed change, not of legal evolution. The comparison of the two EU member States emphasises the complexity of issues involved in both the national and supra¬ national level. The conclusions aspire to arouse awareness of the powers that EU enjoys over national heritage legislation. The thesis also endeavours to highlight the power of law to create and construct public attitude towards the heritage, enhancing or denying claims for identity. It assesses the political will behind legal acts and policies with regard to the heritage. It addresses the attempt made by European institutions to create 'uniformity' in both laws and concepts related to heritage in a Europe of diverse heritages.
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Nobre, Chimene Kuhn. "AR LIVRE E CARNE EM ABUNDÂNCIA UM ESTUDO HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL DO GAUCHO E SUA ALIMENTAÇÃO NO SÉCULO XIX." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10987.
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The object of this research were the remains of Bos taurus catalog 060 rescued in the
archaeological site RS-Q-17 - Estância Velha do Jarau, that this site has been researched by
the Laboratório de Estudo e Pesquisa em Arqueologia (LEPA/UFSM), since 1997, with
coordination archaeologist Dr. Saul Eduardo Seiguer Milder. The archaeological site is
located on the southwestern border of Rio Grande do Sul, an area marked by constant
conflicts that occurred during the consolidation period and definition of the state territory,
where the habits, customs and food had a direct influence of the uruguayan and argentine
culture. Of material culture found, archaeofauna represents a significant portion in terms of
quantity. Thus, the main purpose of this research was to identify, analyze and interpret this
archaeofauna quantitatively and qualitatively, so that made it possible to demonstrate through
the bony elements identified that the diet of the preterit occupants of this archaeological site
located on the southwestern border of Rio Grande do Sul was very diverse. The menu
included the consumption of beef in the form of baked, stewed, fried and baked. A small
portion of the collection archaeofaunistical shown to have been consumed in the form of
barbecue: ribs. A large majority of elements were parts of long bones and bones of the feet
and consumed in stews or boiled for supporting a variety in the way of preparation. Although
beef is the preferred type, the barbecue is not the same level of importance and control daily
food as the historical gaucho tradition affirms.O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa foram os vestígios de Bos taurus do catálogo 060 resgatado no sítio arqueológico RS-Q-17 Estância Velha do Jarau, sítio este que vem sendo pesquisado pelo Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa Arqueológica (LEPA/UFSM), desde 1997, com coordenação do arqueólogo Prof. Dr. Saul Eduardo Seiguer Milder. O sítio arqueológico está localizado na fronteira sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, área marcada por constantes conflitos ocorridos durante o período de consolidação e definição do território gaúcho, onde os hábitos, costumes e alimentação tiveram influência direta da cultura uruguaia e argentina. Da cultura material encontrada, a arqueofauna representa uma parcela considerável em termos de quantidade. Assim, objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi identificar, analisar e interpretar esta arqueofauna de forma quantitativa e qualitativa, de modo que possibilitou demonstrar através dos elementos ósseos identificados que a dieta alimentar dos pretéritos ocupantes deste sítio arqueológico localizado na fronteira sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul era muita diversificada. O cardápio incluía o consumo da carne de vaca sob a forma de cozidos, ensopados, fritos e assados. Uma pequena parcela da coleção arqueofaunística demonstrou ter sido consumida na forma de churrasco: as costelas. A grande maioria dos elementos eram partes de ossos longos e ossos das patas consumidos em ensopados e/ou cozidos corroborando para uma diversidade na forma de preparo. Embora a carne de vaca seja o tipo preferencial, o churrasco não está no mesmo patamar de importância e domínio alimentar diário do gaúcho histórico como afirma a tradição.
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Eze-Uzomaka, Pamela Ifeoma. "Archaeology and the public in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339931.
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North, MacLaren Andrew. "Protecting the past for the public good: archaeology and Australian heritage law." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1602.
Full textAbstract:
Doctor of PhilosophyArchaeological remains have long been recognised as fragile evidence of the past, which require protection. Legal protection for archaeological heritage has existed in Australia for more than thirty years but there has been little analysis of the aims and effectiveness of that legislation by the archaeological profession. Much Australian heritage legislation was developed in a period where the dominant paradigm in archaeological theory and practice held that archaeology was an objective science. Australian legislative frameworks continue to strongly reflect this scientific paradigm and contemporary archaeological heritage management practice is in turn driven by these legislative requirements. This thesis examines whether archaeological heritage legislation is fulfilling its original intent. Analysis of legislative development in this thesis reveals that legislators viewed archaeological heritage as having a wide societal value, not solely or principally for the archaeological community. Archaeological heritage protection is considered within the broader philosophy of environmental conservation. As an environmental issue, it is suggested that a ‘public good’ conservation paradigm is closer to the original intent of archaeological heritage legislation, rather than the “scientific” paradigm which underlies much Australian legislation. Through investigation of the developmental history of Australian heritage legislation it is possible to observe how current practice has diverged from the original intent of the legislation, with New South Wales and Victoria serving as case studies. Further analysis is undertaken of the limited number of Australian court cases which have involved substantial archaeological issues to determine the court’s attitude to archaeological heritage protection. Situating archaeological heritage protective legislation within the field of environmental law allows the examination of alternate modes of protecting archaeological heritage and creates opportunities for ‘public good’ conservation outcomes. This shift of focus to ‘public good’ conservation as an alternative to narrowly-conceived scientific outcomes better aligns with current public policy directions including the sustainability principles, as they have developed in Australia, as well as indigenous rights of self-determination. The thesis suggests areas for legal reforms which direct future archaeological heritage management practice to consider the ‘public good’ values for archaeological heritage protection.
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Du, Toit Timon Dawid. "Interactive Media in Archaeology : Video Games for Archaeological Heritage Conservation." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78749.
Full textAbstract:
The use of video games as a sustainable tool for preserving existing archaeological data in an entertaining and interactive manner was investigated. The main aim of such investigation was to explore the potential benefits in terms of archaeological/heritage education, broadcasting, and representing data in a manner that is interactive and encourages critical thinking through play. Game Pass Shelter, located at Kamberg in the uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park was used to create a virtual environment in a video game that accurately represents traditional Bushmen rock art and folklore. Two phases were featured in the development of the video game: (i) getting feedback from gamers through a questionnaire I had designed, and (ii) using the identified recommendations to design the 2D video game using Unity Game Engine (a free video game development piece of software). This 2D video game, defined by authenticity to the represented folklore, features rock art motifs from Game Pass Shelter used against the backdrop of the Spoiling of the Eland traditional story. The video game begins with the ‘Rosetta Stone’ of southern African rock art and contextualises it using selected traditional folklore. Through this process, the video game aims to show why hunting was so important to the traditional Bushmen way of life. It further shows why eland were so valued and some unique beliefs that the Bushmen had concerning them.Dissertation (MA (Archaeology))--university of Pretoria, 2020.
Anthropology and Archaeology
MA (Archaeology)
Unrestricted
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Jonsson, Marie. ""Once it's gone, it's lost" : perceptions of Samoas archaeological heritage." Thesis, Gotland University, Department of Archeology and Osteology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-154.
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This paper deals with approaches toward the conservation of archaeological heritage among different people and different institutions in Samoa. This is compared with approaches toward ecology and preservation of the environment to find out if there are similarities and/or differences. Moreover the opinions on how the public perceive the material heritage is compared with a survey of the public itself and their ideas concerning archaeology. The investigation was carried out by conducting interviews with people working within different institutions, NGO’s and schools as well as representatives from the general population i.e. people without education in conservation and cultural heritage. Possibilities of co-conserving the cultural and ecological values are also examined, as is the relation between culture and a natural feature - the mangroves.
Uppsatsen behandlar åsikter och attityder hos allmänheten och olika institutioner på Samoa gällandebevarandet av det arkeologiska kulturarvet. Detta jämförs med en likande studie gällande bevarandetav miljömässiga och ekologiska värden på Samoa för att se om det finns likheter och skillnader. Studieninkluderar också en undersökning av hur allmänheten ser på det materiella kulturarvet och derasförhållande till och kundkap om arkeologi. Undersökningarna gjordes genom ett intervjuprojekt där desom intervjuades representerade både institutioner, organisationer, skolor och allmänheten, densistnämnda gruppen hade ingen formell kunskap om kulturarvet och dess hantering. Inom ramen förstudien undersöktes också möjligheterna för att samarbeta när det gäller hanteringen och bevarandetav kulturella och ekologiska värden t.ex. gällande mangroveområden.
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Costa, Henrique Antônio Valadares. "Arqueologia do Estado do Espírito Santo: subsídios para gestão do patrimônio arqueológico no período de investigação acadêmica de 1966 a 1975." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-17102014-165433/.
Full textAbstract:
Esse mestrado trata da reorganização e recuperação informativa de parte do acervo arqueológico do Estado do Espírito Santo que se encontra atualmente na reserva técnica da Superintendência do IPHAN/ES. Tendo como recorte o acervo acumulado entre os anos de 1966 até 1975 pelos arqueólogos Adam Orssich e Celso Perota, pensando como o acervo não somente o material arqueológico em si, mas também toda a documentação relacionada a ele. Além do resgate informativo foi discutida a formação desse acervo entendo a arqueologia pré-colonial como história indígena.This master\'s degree is the reorganization and recovery informative part of the archaeological collections of the State of the Espírito Santo that is currently in technical reserves the Superintendence of IPHAN / ES. Having cut the acquis as accumulated between the years 1966 to 1975 by archaeologists Adam Orssich and Celso Perota, thinking as the collection not only the archaeological material itself, but also all the documentation related to it. In addition to the information of this acquis rescue training understand the pre-colonial archeology as indigenous history was discussed.
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Coupland, Bethan Elinor. "Heritage and memory : oral history and mining heritage in Wales and Cornwall." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/11061.
Full textAbstract:
Scholarly work on the relationship between heritage and memory has largely neglected living memory (that is ‘everyday’ memories of lived experience). There is a common assumption that heritage fosters or maintains broader ‘collective’ memories (often referred to as social, public or cultural memories) in a linear sense, after living memory has lapsed. However, given the range of complex conceptualisations of ‘memory’ itself, there are inevitably multiple ways in which memory and heritage interact. This thesis argues that where heritage displays represent the recent past, the picture is more complex; that heritage narratives play a prominent role in the tussle between different layers of memory. Empirically, the research focuses on two prominent mining heritage sites; Big Pit coal mine in south Wales and Geevor tin mine in Cornwall. Industrial heritage sites are one of the few sorts of public historical representation where heritage narratives exist so closely alongside living memories of the social experiences they represent. The study more clearly models the relationship between heritage and memory by analysing three key components in relation to these sites; the process ‘heritagisation’, living memories and broader cultural memory. It is argued that heritagisation is a process in which dominant narratives of the past are socially constructed and reliant upon particular political, cultural and economic circumstances. In these cases, heritage discourses imposed particular senses of value in relation to the mining past, emphasising the more distant past and the inherent ‘historic’ value of the industry. Through oral history, the relationship between autobiographical memories and these dominant heritage narratives is then explored. The study finds that living memory provides a more complex, nuanced account of the past which both challenges and goes beyond fixed heritage representations. As such, the meeting of heritagisation and living memory creates a number of points of contest. However, heritagisation directly influences the construction of dominant cultural memory, suggesting that heritage narratives actively construct new ways of ‘remembering’ the past. In turn, while living memories are not ‘forgotten’, they are gradually bleached out, diluted or even subsumed by dominant cultural memory.