Relevant bibliographies by topics / History and countries

Academic literature on the topic 'History and countries'

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Published: 25 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "History and countries"

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Mansurov, Uktam. "The History Of Trade Relations Of Central Asian Countries With Foreign Countries." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 02, no. 10 (October 24, 2020): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue10-17.

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The article describes the history of trade relations of Central Asian countries with foreign countries in ancient and medieval times, the importance of the Great Silk Road, the impact of these relations on political, economic, diplomatic, ethnic and cultural relations. It states that due to diplomatic and trade relations with foreign countries, mutual relations have been established, and the movement of citizens abroad and their entry is based on certain rules. Attention is paid to such factors as the impact of such relations on the socio-political and economic situation in those countries, the specific way of life of the peoples of the region, the way in which diplomatic relations are established. The article focuses on the development of trade relations with foreign countries during the reign of ancient Khorezm, Sogdiana, Parthia and the medieval Hephthalites, the Turkish Khanate, the Arab Caliphate, Amir Temur and the Temurids, the Central Asian khanates, Khiva, Kokand, Bukhara khanates.
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Srnec, K., and E. Svobodová. "Microfinance in less developed countries: history, progress, present – charity or business?" Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 55, No. 10 (November 9, 2009): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/45/2009-agricecon.

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This paper describes the development of micro-financial activities in less developed countries in the world. The history of this development is divided into four periods with their short characteristics. Currently, the main questions in each period are highlighted and discussed by experts in microfinance. In the past, these problems were published in many scientific periodicals. It concerns mainly opinions, as for example, if the influence of microfinance on poverty reduction is overestimated, or on the other hand, the analysis related to the position of informal and formal micro-financial institutions, their development and acceleration of transformation, the influence of non-governmental organizations etc. At present, there is discussed the question of the preference – the model of ‘charity’ or ‘business’, which is mainly related to the fourth, current development period. For these reasons, this question is intensively focused and analysed. The conclusion of this paper concerns just this area which is fundamentally related to the future development of microfinance as a factor of poverty reduction in the less economically developed regions in the world.
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Urusmambetova, L. A. "School History education in European countries: history, methodology, specifics." Poisk nauchnykh resheniy, no. 2 (2023): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.61077/2949-4818-2023-2-109-125.

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В статье рассматриваются особенности развития школьного исторического образования в европейских странах. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении особенностей развития школьного исторического образования в европейских странах. Задачами работы являются исследование истории становления исторического образования в странах Европы; выявление особенностей методики и содержания курсов истории в школах стран Европы; проведение сравнения принципов современного школьного исторического образования в России и странах Европы. Научной новизной исследования является комплексный анализ тенденций развития школьного исторического образования в странах ЕС, изучение механизмов взаимодействия стран в выработке стратегий школьного образования в период после окончания холодной войны до настоящего времени и их характеристика. В ходе работы выявлены общие принципы методики исторического образования в странах Европы и России, основанные на необходимости формирования критического мышления, активной гражданской позиции, самоидентификации школьников. Главное различие основывается на содержательной характеристике курсов истории. Европейская концепция основана на создании образа единой Европы и акцентировании внимания на событиях истории, социальной жизни и культуры, которые могут стать основой европейского сознания людей, порой в ущерб национальным интересам отдельных стран. Концепция изложения фактов истории в формате единой Европы, но с акцентом на национальные особенности и интересы отдельных стран, влияет на полярность восприятия событий и фактов исторического прошлого в угоду субъективным интересам.
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Wood, Curtis W. "The History of the Low Countries." History: Reviews of New Books 28, no. 1 (January 1999): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.1999.10527769.

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Hansen, Henning, and Maria Simonsen. "Book History in the Nordic Countries." Mémoires du livre 13, no. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1094119ar.

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Mahaletskyi, Andriy. "HISTORICAL MEMORY ABOUT THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN UKRAINE: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 12 (March 31, 2023): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112049.

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The aim of the work is to investigate the state and development of the historical memory of the First World War in Ukraine, to find out the reasons that led to the forgetting one of the bloodiest pages of Ukrainian history. The methodology of the investigation is based on using application of the principles of historicism and objectivity, which are important in the characterization of historical events related to the state policy and memory. The historical-genetic method allows to find out the path of the Great War memory in Ukraine. The historical-systemic method provides consideration of the socio-political processes in their interrelationship and cause-to-effect dependence. The scientific novelty consists in systematization of the processed literature and sources regarding commemoration of the First World War, its origin and evolution. The indicated archival documents were introduced into scientific circulation by the author for the first time. Conclusions: The First World War marked the end of the long XIX century and brought drastic changes in the political, social and economic systems of the world. It was a fratricidal war for Ukraine that had extremely important long-term consequences. This is a forgotten war despite more than 4 million Ukrainian participants and about 1,5 million dead people in modern Ukraine. Commemoration in the different countries differs. Though there are certain common trends. Most of participating countries, except for Eastern European countries, actively supported the memory of the dead from the very first years. However, on the territory of the former Russian Empire, revolutionary events and the memory of it displaced memories of the “imperialist” war. The end of the XX century becomes a turning point in the historical policy of individual countries and since 2014, interest in studying the history of the First World War in Ukraine has been actively growing.
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Khormi, Sameer. "Can Developed Countries Make History of Poverty?" Archives of Business Research 8, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.87.8538.

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Since poverty is a serious issue that has had its impacts on human internationally, this paper aims to discuss poverty from different aspects and the reasons for making a history of poverty, as well as if the developed countries caused in making history of poverty. Furthermore, this paper discussed the history of poverty in the past 50 years and some initiatives have undertaken by UN and international bank to overcome the impacts of poverty in developing countries, particularly on education and healthcare. Then, a comparison was made between some developing countries how they benefited from these initiatives, while others remained poor.
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Jones, Michael. "History of cartography of the Nordic countries." Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography 74, no. 4 (August 7, 2020): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00291951.2020.1809512.

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Sekretaryov, Roman Viktorovich. "Superficies in foreign countries: history and modernity." Право и политика, no. 10 (October 2023): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2023.10.44162.

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The institution of superficiality originated in Ancient Rome and exists in various models today in the legal systems of many countries, which proves the high value and universality of this legal structure. He was analyzed as classics of the law of the past centuries, and there are modern leading civilists. However, as our research has shown, not all the achievements of foreign specialists in the field of civil law are available to domestic theorists. This is explained both by the significant amount of accumulated information itself and by the difficulty of choosing it when preparing specific scientific publications. The author understands the monumentality of the raised problem and sought to focus on those aspects of it that other Russian scientists do not always pay attention to in their publications. The novelty of the undertaken research is the introduction into the domestic scientific circulation of modern English-language publications on the legal regulation of superficies in the countries of Eastern and Central Europe and Japan. The relevance of the article is seen in an attempt to use the examples of foreign legislation to assess the prospects for using this concept to improve Russian legislation. In addition to the formal legal method, which is traditionally the main tool for the author, the comparative legal method, typology and classification were used in the preparation of the article. The object of the study is legal relations mediated by the institute of superficies. The subject of the study is the legislative acts of modern foreign states and the norms of law governing super-official relations in earlier historical periods.
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Shokhrukh, Sokhatov. "HISTORY OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF ASIAN COUNTRIES IN THE TURKESTAN COLLECTION." Oriental Journal of History, Politics and Law 02, no. 03 (June 1, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/supsci-ojhpl-02-03-01.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "History and countries"

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Chen, Ying. "Essays on urban and environmental economics in developing countries." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3817/.

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My thesis is comprised of essays that study urban and environmental economic topics in developing countries. Three of the four essays study causal drivers behind the phenomenal urbanization and local economic growth in China. Its rapid growth in the recent decades provides an illustrative case for understanding how the spatial distribution of economic activities is affected by policies regulating factors of production. The fourth essay extends to another developing country, Tanzania, where the challenges posed by climate change faced by populations agglomerating in fast growing urban centers are substantial. This thesis strives to contribute to current research with my understanding of the contexts, utilization of new yet publicly available data, and novel methodology. The fist chapter, Political favoritism in China's capital markets and its effect on city sizes, examines political favoritism of cities and the effect of that favoritism on city sizes. To study favoritism we focus on capital markets, where defining favoritism is more clear-cut and not confounded with issues of city scale economies. Efficiency in capital markets requires equalized marginal returns to capital across cities, regardless of size. We estimate the city-by-city variation in the prices of capital across cities in China from 1998 to 2007. It shows how the prices facing the highest order political units and overall cross-city price dispersion change with changes in national policy and leadership. Next, the effect of capital market favoritism on city growth after the national relaxation of migration restrictions in the early 2000's is investigated. We develop a simple model to show that those cities facing a lower price of capital respond with larger population increases over the next decade, with the change labor mobility. The elasticity of the city growth rate with respect to the price of capital is estimated to be - 0.07 in the OLS approach and -0.12 in the IV approach. The second chapter, Early Chinese development zones: fist-mover advantage and persistency, studies the heterogeneous effects of China's special economic zone program by their level of government support and timing of designation. Using a difference-in-differences (DID) approach, I observe that the early national development zones in China have substantially greater and persistent success in attracting FDI compared to national zones established later, or those at the provincial level. Early national zones persistently attract higher levels of FDI inflows, attract more internal migration and are of significantly larger city sizes. To investigate whether the persistent success of early national zones is driven by their first-mover advantage or their unobservable high growth potential, I use their stronger ties to overseas Chinese investors in past waves of political instability as instrumental variable. The IV estimates are comparable to DID, suggesting the success of early national zones relative to newer and provincial zones can be attributed to their first-mover advantage. This conclusion also suggest that the large positive impacts found in China in the existing literature of evaluating place-based policies can potentially be driven by a small group of first-movers. In the third chapter, Air pollution, regulations, and labor mobility in China, I study the local economic impacts of pollution regulation in China at the time when migration costs fall. On the one hand, environmental regulations impose costs on firms, which tend to reduce local employment. On the other hand, lower pollution levels are an appealing amenity that attracts human capital to the region, possibly providing a boost to economic activity. The overall net effect of these two opposing forces is ambiguous. To investigate this, I study how local economies in China between 2000 and 2010 are affected by two significant reforms in environmental regulations and internal migration. Following the environmental reform, Chinese prefectures face new national air quality standards whose enforcement intensity can be proxied by their existing air quality at the time of the policy introduction. Meanwhile, the migration reform reduces migration costs and allows workers to relocate based on their preferences for air quality across prefectures. To formalize how air quality regulation affects local employment and city sizes by skill types following the two reforms, I first develop a spatial equilibrium model to guide the empirical analysis. To address the non-random spatial distribution of local air quality, I construct a novel instrumental variable of power plant suitability to capture a prefecture's likelihood to pollute heavily. Thermal power plants are major contributors to China's emissions, while electricity distribution and pricing are centralized. Therefore, locations with comparable economic characteristics may differ substantially in their air pollution levels simply because that some host thermal power plants and some do not. The estimation results show that air pollution regulations have an overall adverse impact on local manufacturing employment, with modest reallocation from heavy to non-polluting industries locally. There is little reallocation across space of low-skilled workers, whose employment prospects are more vulnerable under pollution regulation. However, the population of high-skilled workers in heavily polluted prefectures declines, showing their strong preference for air quality as migration costs fall. The last chapter, Cholera in times of floods: weather shocks and health in Dares Salaam, takes a slightly different perspective on urban and environmental issues in developing countries. We examine the challenges faced by urban population in Tanzania as the result of growing urban density and increasing extreme weather occurrences. Urban residents in developing countries have become more vulnerable to health shocks due to poor sanitation and infrastructure. This paper is the first to empirically measure the relationship between weather and health shocks in the urban context of a developing country. Using unique high-frequency datasets of weekly cholera cases and accumulated precipitation for wards in Dar es Salaam, we find robust evidence that extreme rainfall has a significant positive impact on weekly cholera incidences. The effect is larger in wards that are more prone to flooding, have higher shares of informal housing and unpaved roads. We identify limited spatial spillovers. Time-dynamic effects suggest cumulated rainfall increases cholera occurrence immediately and with a lag of up to 5 weeks.
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Mbu, Enow Tagem Abrams. "Essays on aid allocation and effectiveness in developing countries." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51654/.

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Kusuma, Igp Wira. "Essays on inflation dynamics in selected Asian countries." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4365/.

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This thesis analyses inflation dynamics in eight Asian countries. The second chapter analyses inflation persistence and exchange rate pass through (ERPT). The findings on inflation persistence show that for most countries this declines after the Asian financial crisis. The findings for ERPT are more mixed and vary by country. The role of Inflation Targeting Framework (ITF) on inflation persistence and ERPT is also examined. The estimation results suggest it is too early to generalize that ITF exerts a consistently discernible influence on inflation dynamics across this group of Asian ITF countries. The third and fourth chapters focus on the impact that world oil and world food price shocks have on domestic prices. On average, the pass-through of the world oil price is higher than for world food prices. Another finding is that the domestic food supply capacity of a country succeeds in dampening the effect of world food price shocks. The fifth chapter employs disaggregated data on prices to examine inflation dynamics in Indonesia. The main finding is that price behaviour exhibits heterogeneity. Disaggregated prices are more flexible in response to sector specific shocks and are more sluggish in response to macroeconomic shocks. In response to deposit rate shocks, the price puzzle becomes weaker after the full implementation of ITF.
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Massie, A. W. "Great Britain and the defence of the Low Countries 1744-48." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234606.

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Fischer-Kamel, Doris Sofie 1934. "THE MIDWIFE IN HISTORY WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON PRACTICE IN MEDIEVAL EUROPE AND IN THE ISLAMIC WORLD." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276411.

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Srinivasan, Thirumlai Gopolan. "Empirical macro models for developing countries : the case of Latin America." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1991. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4141/.

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The study treats Latin American countries as one regional economy by aggregating data of individual countries. Principles of aggregating data of individual countries for different types of variables are laid out and the generated data is laid out in terms of an accounting framework. Data series are also projected up to 2000 to provide a long track of 29 years for simulations which follow later. Original econometric work consists in estimating equations for export volume and prices, which is very much in the tradition of global modelling, and modelling aggregate investment for the region. A prototype full macro model is assembled for the Latin American region by using own work and also adopting econometric contributions from others. First, partial model simulations are performed to understand the underlying structural features. Aggregate demand block is simulated to reveal the size, plausibility and time pattern of Keynesian multipliers. This reveals a multiplier of 1.6 and a 11 year cycle generated by the multiplier-accelerator process. Aggregate supply bloc is simulated to exhibit the nature of supply response which shows that supply elasticity with respect to real exchange rate is about .2 and it is unkeynesian in the sense that there is little scope for action by inflationary surprises. Trade bloc is simulated to check whether Marshall-Lerner conditions are satisfied. Current account balance does improve upon devaluation with an elasticity of 2, but once prices and output are endogenized very soon the improvements are lost. Then, full model simulations are conducted in open loop mode to study the response of the regional economy to both external and internal shocks. These simulations show sensible and stable outcomes. Finally the Latin American model is simulated in `closed loop mode' to illustrate the use of the model built for policy analysis. Fiscal and exchange rate policy choices in the face of a negative external shock are investigated. The policy seeks to correct external imbalance. A qualified conclusion is drawn that expenditure cutting works as desired but exchange rate policy sets up severe cycle in current account balance.
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Mitchell, Tara. "Essays on the importance of access to information in developing countries." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/520/.

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The aim of my thesis is to investigate the importance of access to information for individuals in developing countries. In the first chapter, I describe an important channel through which improved access to market information could increase the prices that producers receive from middlemen. I develop a theoretical model of trade between a farmer and a middleman which allows for the existence of different types of middlemen and I provide an empirical test of the theory from an original framed field experiment carried out with farmers and middlemen in India. In chapter 2, I investigate the relationship between the decision to produce high-quality goods and two important characteristics of the product: the degree of observability of quality and the level of intermediation in the supply chain. I present a model which demonstrates that if quality is not perfectly observable, there will be a range of values of the price difference between high-quality and low-quality goods for which production of high-quality goods will occur with vertical integration but will not occur if the stages of production are carried out by separate agents. This chapter also presents some case studies of supply chains for various products in a number of developing countries that have characteristics which are consistent with the predictions of the model. In the final chapter, I try to understand how access to information could be improved for individuals in developing countries. I investigate the relationship between rates of mobile phone and Internet use and a number of geographic, institutional and economic variables in a sample of 164 countries from 1990 to 2009. The aim of this chapter is to identify the main characteristics of countries that have had success in adopting these new technologies in order to gain some insight into the barriers which may be faced by those countries that have been less successful.
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Nott, Michael J. "Photopoetry : a critical history of collaborations between poets and photographers in the Anglophone world, 1845-2015." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7811.

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This thesis examines the history of collaborations between poets and photographers in the Anglophone world, from 1845 to 2015, and argues for a new form of art distinct from the photobook. It identifies a new body of work, ‘photopoetry', and develops this discovery into a critical exegesis of its forms and potentials. Proceeding chronologically, this thesis explores photopoetic history from its nineteenth-century roots to modern-day collaborations between renowned poets and photographers. Chapter I examines early experiments in photopoetic form, including scrapbooks and stereographs, and identifies two thematic trends characterising photopoetic history to the present day: the picturesque and the theatrical. The second chapter focuses on the identity politics of photopoetic books in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, exploring how the relationship between poem and photograph can both perpetuate and subvert representations of the objectified other, from British India to the American South. Chapter III theorises Imagism from a photographic perspective, examining how, in the absence of any discernibly modernist photopoetry book, the most important dialogue between poem and photograph was enacted within Imagist verse. It proceeds to examine the introduction of urban environments into early-to-mid-twentieth-century photopoetry. Chapter IV analyses the reinterpretation of photopoetic topography in mid-to-late-twentieth-century collaborations, exploring how picturesque landscapes in nineteenth-century photopoetry were reinvented as immersive environments that echoed the rise of photopoetic co-authorship and the development of more symbiotic, less literal photopoetic relationships. The fifth chapter expands upon ideas analysed in Chapter IV, arguing how, in narrowing both poetic and photographic focus to objects rather than picturesque vistas, twenty-first-century photopoetry encourages a non-linear approach to reading and viewing, abandoning the ‘journey' paradigm of earlier photopoetry. Overall, this thesis represents the first book-length history of photopoetry, and expounds both a new area of analysis for scholars of text and image, and a new critical discourse for such analyses.
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Regan, Paul John. "The construction of patriotic sentiment in the sixteenth-century Low Countries : cartography, Calvinism and rebel propaganda." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296141.

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Napran, Laura Marie. "Marriage contracts in the southern Low Countries and the north of France in the twelfth century." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273074.

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Books on the topic "History and countries"

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A history of the Low Countries. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.

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Arblaster, Paul. A History of the Low Countries. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36778-4.

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A history of the Low Countries. 2nd ed. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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Zigmantas, Kiaupa, ed. The history of the Baltic countries. [Tallinn]: Avita, 1999.

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1931-, Hurst Michael, ed. States, countries, provinces. Bourne End, Buckinghamshire: Kensal Press, 1986.

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Scott, Margaret. Changing countries. Sydney: Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 2000.

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Reinert, Erik S. How rich countries got rich-- and why poor countries stay poor. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2007.

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How rich countries got rich and why poor countries stay poor. New York: Public Affairs, 2008.

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Theo, Hermans, ed. A literary history of the Low Countries. Rochester, N.Y: Camden House, 2009.

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Caenegem, R. C. van. Law, history, the Low Countries, and Europe. London: Hambledon Press, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "History and countries"

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Carter, Alice Clare. "The Low Countries." In Handbook for History Teachers, 936–38. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032163840-152.

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Nový, Luboš. "Bohemian Countries." In Writing the History of Mathematics: Its Historical Development, 205–12. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7033-7_10.

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Knight, Melvin M., Harry Elmer Barnes, and Felix Flügel. "Other Western European Countries." In Economic History of Europe, 672–713. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003354727-21.

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Fulford, David. "Biogas history in developing countries." In Small-scale Rural Biogas Programmes, 19–38. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780448497.002.

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Page, Sheila. "A Brief History of the Regions." In Regionalism among Developing Countries, 47–65. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333982686_3.

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Caruana de las Cagigas, Leonardo, and André Straus. "The Core Countries in Reinsurance." In Palgrave Studies in Economic History, 13–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74002-3_2.

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Mortensen, Lars Boje. "Chapter 13. Nordic countries." In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages, 221–34. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xxxiv.13mor.

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This chapter surveys Latin writing in the Nordic countries from the late 11th-century beginnings to the introduction of print. The story is told from a book-historical perspective rather than one of traditional literary history. Instead of following each modern Nordic country separately, it attempts to see common developments in a five-step chronology. The emphasis is on local text production and on the circulation of books of foreign origin as well as on the interaction, mainly from the 13th century onwards, between Latin and the vernacular languages used for books (Old Norse, Old Danish, Old Swedish).
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Bugiani, Piero. "Chapter 14. Baltic countries." In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages, 235–50. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xxxiv.14bug.

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Latin literature from the Baltic countries is inextricably tied up with the German crusaders and the religious orders that accompanied them. Their interests are reflected in their writings, which are predominantly either historical and ethnographic or devotional. The chronicles and histories often display the biases and agendas of their authors, serving as ammunition in a rivalry between the various crusading orders and the newly established episcopates, all vying for authority.
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Swan, Sam. "Brief history of international media training." In Media Training in Transition Countries, 1–7. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003155348-1.

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Bollerslev, Peter. "Computing History of the Nordic Countries." In Networking the Learner, 955–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35596-2_100.

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Conference papers on the topic "History and countries"

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Dronamraju, Krishna R. "The History & Development of Human Genetics." In Progress in Different Countries. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814537919.

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Yong Zahariah Raja Badaruddin, Raja, Mohd Mahzan Awang, Abdul Razaq Ahmad, and Asmahani Mukhtar. "Values in History Education in ASEAN Countries." In THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT & MULTI-ETHNIC SOCIETY. Padang: Redwhite Pres, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32698/gcs.0174.

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Agustin, Imma Widyawati. "Cycle Rickshaw: History and Problems." In 2nd International Symposium on Transportation Studies in Developing Countries (ISTSDC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.200220.005.

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Rossi, Juan. "A Critical Analysis of the History of the Automotive Industry in Developing Countries: The Case of Argentina." In Automotive Industry in Expanding Countries. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/911745.

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Mutebi, M. S. "The Exploration and Discovery History of Countries in Eastern Africa." In First EAGE Eastern Africa Petroleum Geoscience Forum. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201414467.

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ADRIASOLA, Florencia. "A creative economy: Design with cultural value as an income opportunity for developing countries." In 10th International Conference on Design History and Design Studies. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/despro-icdhs2016-04_011.

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Kittler, Richard, and Stanislav Darula. "History of the daylight criteria conditions influencing new methods for the determination of interior daylighting." In 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lumenv.2016.7745552.

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Putranto, Leksmono Suryo, Rostiana, Annisa Noor Tajudin, and Sunu Bagaskara. "The Relationship Between Trait Anger and Traffic Accident History in Denpasar, Manado, and Padang." In 2nd International Symposium on Transportation Studies in Developing Countries (ISTSDC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.200220.011.

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Хе, Син, and Сяотао Ли. "THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SINOLOGY IN RUSSIA." In Наука. Исследования. Практика: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Июнь 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/srp291.2020.76.87.013.

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Исторически Россия и Китай всегда были рядом. В последнее время отношения между странами развиваются и выходят на новый, более высокий и качественный уровень, во что внесли большой вклад российские синологи. Исследование по истории российской синологии выгодно не только для культурных обменов и сотрудничества в различных областях, но и для долгосрочного, здорового и стабильного развития двух стран. Historically, Russia and China have always been close. Recently, relationships between the two countries have been developing and reaching a new and higher level, to which Russian Sinologists have made a great contribution. The study on the history of Russian sinology is beneficial not only for cultural exchanges and cooperation in various fields, but also for the long-term, healthy and stable development of the two countries.
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Ziehaus, Stephanie. "The Qing in Global History and Empire Studies: New Approaches and Frontiers." In Current Issues in the Study of History, Foreign Relations and Culture of Asian Countries. Novosibirsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1268-0-59-66.

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Reports on the topic "History and countries"

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Dooley, Michael, Eduardo Fernandez-Arias, and Kenneth Kletzer. Recent Private Capital Inflows to Developing Countries: Is the Debt Crisis History? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4792.

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Byrne, Peter D. Tax Incentives for FDI in Seven Latin American Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008542.

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This paper compares the history of tax incentives in seven Latin American countries. It is an attempt to understand why countries enact tax incentive legislation; how countries measure the costs and benefits of such legislation; how such costs and benefits are viewed by the public; and what considerations have led to the repeal of such incentives. The information set forth below is the result of extensive interviews and correspondence with noted private and public sector tax experts in the countries reviewed. The information was collected over a two and one-half year period ending in September 2001.
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Devereux, Stephen. Policy Pollination: A Brief History of Social Protection’s Brief History in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2020.004.

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The relatively recent emergence and sustained rise of social protection as a policy agenda in Africa can be understood as either a nationally owned or ‘donor-driven’ process. While elements of both can be seen in different countries at different times, this paper focuses on the pivotal role of transnational actors, specifically international development agencies, as ‘policy pollinators’ for social protection. These agencies deployed a range of tactics to induce African governments to implement cash transfer programmes and establish social protection systems, including: (1) building the empirical evidence base that cash transfers have positive impacts, for advocacy purposes; (2) financing social protection programmes until governments take over this responsibility; (3) strengthening state capacity to deliver social protection, through technical assistance and training workshops; (4) commissioning and co-authoring national social protection policies; (5) encouraging the domestication of international social protection law into national legislation. Despite these pressures and inducements, some governments have resisted or implemented social protection only partially and reluctantly, either because they are not convinced or because their political interests are not best served by allocating scarce resources to cash transfer programmes. This raises questions about the extent to which the agendas of development agencies are aligned or in conflict with national priorities, and whether social protection programmes and systems would flourish or wither if international support was withdrawn.
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Fagerheim White, Ellen-Louisa, Mervi Honkatukia, Jaana Peippo, and Maria Kjetså. Equines in the Nordics – History, Status and Genetics. The Nordic Genetic Resource Center (NordGen), June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53780/flkb7985.

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With roots as far as the Bronze age, equines have played an invaluable role in history, both with regards to agriculture and forestry, warfare, transportation and leisure, and therefore hold important cultural significance in the Nordics. The link between horses and the welfare benefits of their caregivers makes the species an important part of society as well. Since the agricultural and industrial revolution, the equine sector has been influenced by a range of challenges due to the dramatic change in the role of horses in society, especially for the Nordic native breeds. However, as society adapts and finds new ways to use and protect them, there is a hope for the future. Although there has been cooperation between the Nordic countries in the horse sector, a collective report of the status of all the Nordic countries has been missing. This report marks a start for this type of effort by considering both commercial and native breeds. Further, it comprises the horse sector in the Nordics, with a special focus on the native horse breeds and the possibilities they carry for environmental sustainability, their socio-economic importance, their genetics as well as their risk status. The report further evaluates the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System (DAD-IS) maintained and developed by FAO as a tool for gathering information about the development and current status of the native breeds. The goal of this report is to identify knowledge gaps and areas of improvement for the Nordic equine sector and the collected data of the native horse breeds. One of the biggest challenges has been to find validated information sources for the population numbers of the breeds in each country – there are varying estimates for both commercial and native breeds. The numbers have significant impact for the determination of managing strategies of the populations. Reports for each of the countries (Denmark, Finland, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) are presented, and depict the current role of horses, breeding, population development and economic values of the equine sector are listed in each of the country-reports. The information in the country reports were derived from a questionnaire and by using DAD-IS.
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Rao, K. B. Dissemination of information in the earth sciences to exploration geoscientists in Third World countries: a case history from India. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193954.

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Crouch, Luis, and Deborah Spindelman. Purpose-Driven Education System Transformations: History Lessons from Korea and Japan. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2023/139.

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This paper is an essay in comparative educational history and its possible relevance to educational development today. It addresses the question of whether Japan and Korea’s history in using educational development to further national development can be useful as (partial) models for dealing with the educational challenges of today’s lower- and lower-middle income countries. The hypothesis of the paper is that there is much to learn from these countries, but that the lessons one could learn are not at all obvious or superficial, and are only partially about what was done (specific education policies) and are more importantly about how it was done (the high purpose and thoroughness of policy engagement). The paper first characterizes educational development, especially in terms of the intense emphasis on equality of high achievement in Korea and Japan, in quantitative terms, to demonstrate that these countries possess certain admirable characteristics. Caveats regarding learner stress and rote learning are dealt with by looking at the relevant statistics. A framework for assessing the quality of policy borrowing processes is built, based on the literature on this subject. The paper then analyzes the historical development of education as a means of resisting Western colonialist probes into Japan and Korea (end of the 19th C), but also Japan itself into Korea (first half of 20th C). How both countries borrowed from the West, but in a contested and very deep manner, and as part of a resistance to being colonized, is documented. The paper also shows that part of the healthy, contested borrowing was the involvement of teacher groups and civil society. The paper concludes by taking into consideration the fraught issue that potentiating the role of education in national development could be seen as tantamount to using education for nationalism. The paper links to the possibility that there may be a more inclusive and rights-oriented use of the concept of the nation to foster human well-being, and that education could play a role in such processes. Some practical suggestions for taking these ideas forward, or at least exploring them in more depth, are made at the very end.
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Blaxter, Tamsin, and Tara Garnett. Primed for power: a short cultural history of protein. TABLE, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/ba271ef5.

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Protein has a singularly prominent place in discussions about food. It symbolises fitness, strength and masculinity, motherhood and care. It is the preferred macronutrient of affluence and education, the mark of a conscientious diet in wealthy countries and of wealth and success elsewhere. Through its association with livestock it stands for pastoral beauty and tradition. It is the high-tech food of science fiction, and in discussions of changing agricultural systems it is the pivotal nutrient around which good and bad futures revolve. There is no denying that we need protein and that engaging with how we produce and consume it is a crucial part of our response to the environmental crises. But discussions of these issues are affected by their cultural context—shaped by the power of protein. Given this, we argue that it is vital to map that cultural power and understand its origins. This paper explores the history of nutritional science and international development in the Global North with a focus on describing how protein gained its cultural meanings. Starting in the first half of the 19th century and running until the mid-1970s, it covers two previous periods when protein rose to singular prominence in food discourse: in the nutritional science of the late-19th century, and in international development in the post-war era. Many parallels emerge, both between these two eras and in comparison with the present day. We hope that this will help to illuminate where and why the symbolism and story of protein outpace the science—and so feed more nuanced dialogue about the future of food.
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Page, Sheila. Trade and Regionalism: The Links with Development. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006636.

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Neither regional integration nor trade is a welfare or policy objective in itself. If countries are pursuing policies to promote them, this is as a means to improve their welfare. The ultimate objective need not be under a purely economic definition: there is a long history of seeing integration through trade as a way of preventing conflict among countries.
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Skuster, Patty, Elizabeth A. Sully, and Amy Friedrich-Karnik. Evidence for Ending the Global Gag Rule: A Multiyear Study in Two Countries. Guttmacher Institute, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1363/2024.300502.

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As a leading funder of global health programs, the United States has the power to make a tremendous impact on people’s sexual and reproductive health and rights. But restrictions on funding that target abortion care internationally have had broad, detrimental impacts on reproductive health care systems, advocacy and outcomes. Such is the case with the so-called global gag rule, a policy that conditions US global health assistance on nongovernmental organizations’ agreement not to provide or promote abortion. Our multiyear research study in Uganda and Ethiopia examines the impact of this policy in two countries that rely on US assistance for their family planning programs but where the legal context around abortion differs—highly restrictive in Uganda and liberal in Ethiopia. Until now, no research has fully captured the effects of the most recent implementation of the global gag rule, which, during the four-year Trump administration, was the greatest expansion of the policy in its history. The research shows how, in both countries, the gag rule stalled and even reversed progress toward expanded access to modern contraception, impacting the countries’ reproductive health outcomes, the ability of people to decide whether and when to have children, and overall bodily autonomy. Abortion care cannot be separated from reproductive health care; evidence clearly demonstrates that the US government’s attempts to limit abortion care through the gag rule also limit access to other essential sexual and reproductive health services. Although the gag rule is currently not in effect, the risk of an anti-abortion president reinstating and expanding the gag rule and causing significant harm to reproductive health progress globally remains. And even after the gag rule is rescinded, its effects persist. The time for a permanent end to the global gag rule is now.
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Kenes, Bulent. NMR: A Nordic neo-Nazi organization with aims of establishing totalitarian rule across Scandinavia. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/op0008.

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Right-wing extremism and national socialism (Nazism) are not a new phenomenon in Sweden. White supremacists or neo-Nazis have a long history in the country. Nordic Resistance Movement (Nordiska motståndsrörelsen, NMR) rests on this century-long history of Swedish Nazi and Neonazi activism. Including racism, antisemitism, anti-immigration, and anti-globalisation stances with violent tendencies, NMR which aims to overthrow the democratic order in the Nordic region and establish a national socialist state, has become the primary force of white power in Sweden and other Nordic countries.
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