Relevant bibliographies by topics / History, 1851

Academic literature on the topic 'History, 1851'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 27 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "History, 1851"

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Geary, Frank. "Regional industrial structure and labour force decline in Ireland between 1841 and 1851." Irish Historical Studies 30, no. 118 (November 1996): 167–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400012839.

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The censuses of 1841 and 1851 provide the earliest detailed and consistent data on the occupations pursued by the people of Ireland in the first half of the nineteenth century. This paper presents a series, constructed from this data, on occupations classified by industry for the years 1841 and 1851. Its purpose is to establish the industrial distribution of the labour force for each of the four provinces, to describe the changes in industrial employment by province during the famine decade, and to make a contribution to debate on the origins of employment decline.IIn its return of occupations, the census of 1841 differed from the censuses of 1821 and 1831 in three ways: in method of estimation, in compilation, and in system of classification. As regards estimation, the 1841 commissioners issued a ‘Form of family return’ to be completed by the head of the family, rather than, as in 1821 and 1831, having the details entered by the enumerator from viva voce inquiry. This has its limitations in that it depends on the accuracy of the householders’ returns, but it is preferable to relying on the accuracy of enumerators’ returns. As regards compilation, the 1841 census returned the occupations of all persons active in the labour force by age and gender; the 1821 census returned all persons active; the 1831 census returned males upwards of twenty years of age in agriculture, industry and services (except servants), all male servants and female servants (age unspecified). As regards the system of classification, the 1821 occupation returns were made under three, and the 1831 under eleven general headings with no return of the numbers engaged in the component occupations of these headings (but see note 1); the 1841 census provided a return of the numbers of males and females engaged in each of 471 occupations classified as belonging to one of nine classes: ministering to food; clothing; lodging; furniture; machinery, etc.; health; charity; justice; education; religion; unclassified.
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BROOK, FRED J., and JONATHAN D. ABLETT. "Type material of land snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) described from New Zealand by taxonomists in Europe and North America between 1830 and 1934, and the history of research on the New Zealand land snail fauna from 1824 to 1917." Zootaxa 4697, no. 1 (November 14, 2019): 1–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4697.1.1.

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Details are provided on 124 land snail species and varieties from New Zealand, and a further 14 species putatively from New Zealand, all of which were described by European and North American taxonomists between 1830 and 1934, based on specimens collected between 1824 and 1924. Primary type material of 95 of these taxa was located in Northern Hemisphere museums during the present study. Lectotypes are designated for: Helix chimmoi Pfeiffer, 1857, Helix glabriuscula Reeve, 1852, Helix (Paryphanta) gilliesi Smith, 1880, Nanina ? celinde Gray, 1850, Zonites chiron Gray, 1850 and Zonites coma Gray, 1843. Neotypes are designated for Helix conella Pfeiffer, 1861 and Helix tau Pfeiffer, 1861. Primary type material of the following taxa is figured herein for the first time: Bulimus? (Laoma) leimonias Gray, 1850, Cyclophorus cytora Gray, 1850, Cyclostoma (Cyclophorus?) lignarium Pfeiffer, 1857, Helix chimmoi Pfeiffer, 1857, Helix egesta Gray, 1850, Helix fatua Pfeiffer, 1857, Helix greenwoodi Gray, 1850, Helix guttula Pfeiffer, 1853, Helix kermandeci Pfeiffer, 1857, Helix portia Gray, 1850, Helix sciadium Pfeiffer, 1857, Helix venulata Pfeiffer, 1857, Helix (Paryphanta) gilliesi Smith, 1880, Hydrocena (Omphalotropis) vestita Pfeiffer, 1855, Nanina ? celinde Gray, 1850, Nanina erigone Gray, 1850, Nanina mariae Gray, 1843, Patula modicella var. vicinalis Mousson, 1873, Realia egea Gray, 1850, Vitrina kermadecensis Smith, 1873 and Zonites chiron Gray, 1850. New taxonomic combinations introduced herein include: Allodiscus nematophora (Reeve, 1854), Cavellia biconcava (Reeve, 1852), Charopa chimmoi (Pfeiffer, 1857), Coneuplecta regularis (Reeve, 1854), Delos jeffreysiana (Reeve, 1852), Fectola tau (Pfeiffer, 1861), Fectola varicosa (Reeve, 1852), Flammulina crebriflammea (Reeve, 1852), Lyrotropis vestita (Pfeiffer, 1855), ?Neophenacohelix ziczac (Gould, 1846), Parabalea peregrina (Gould, 1847), Phacussa hypopolea (Reeve, 1852), Phenacharopa novoseelandica (Küster, 1852), Phrixgnathus glabriusculus (Reeve, 1852), Phrixgnathus poecilostictus (Reeve, 1852), Thalassohelix obnubila (Reeve, 1852), Tornatellinops novoseelandica (Küster, 1852) and Wainuia urnula (Reeve, 1854). Helix collyrula Reeve, 1852 and Nanina tullia Gray, 1850 are treated as junior synonyms of Phenacohelix (Neophenacohelix) giveni Cumber 1961 nomen protectum and Helix (Huttonella) pseudoleioda Suter, 1890 nomen protectum, respectively. A brief account is given of the history of research on the New Zealand land snail fauna from 1824 to 1917.
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Gámiz Gordo, Antonio. "La Mezquita-Catedral de Córdoba. Fuentes gráficas hasta 1850." Al-Qanṭara 40, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/alqantara.2019.005.

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La Mezquita-Catedral de Córdoba cuenta con un rico legado de imágenes hasta la llegada de la fotografía a mediados del XIX que constituyen una destacada fuente documental para la investigación. Tras una amplia labor de rastreo y localización de dichas imágenes, se aportan referencias sobre sus autores, contexto y técnicas, valorando su fiabilidad o precisión gráfica. Las primeras conocidas corresponden a tiempos cristianos, destacando dos panorámicas urbanas de la segunda mitad del XVI, una de ellas objeto de plagios con una notable difusión en Europa. Los primeros planos a escala del monumento conservados son del XVIII y las primeras vistas interiores de finales de ese siglo. En la primera mitad del XIX se produjeron abundantes imágenes de viajeros y artistas, algunas muy bellas y publicadas con gran éxito editorial. Los documentos gráficos reseñados se presentan agrupados según su autoría y orden cronológico: primeras imágenes simbólicas (desde 1360), Wyngaerde (1567), Civitatis (h. 1585-1617), copias del Civitatis (s. XVII-XVIII), Baldi (1668), óleo anónimo (1741), imágenes esquemáticas (s. XVIII), dibujo colección Vázquez Venegas (1752), planos Académicos (1767-1804), Swinburne (1775-1779), Karwinsky y Rillo (1811), Laborde (h. 1800-1812), Murphy (1802-1813), Bacler d’Able (h. 1820), Taylor (h. 1826-1832), Ford (1831), Lewis (1832-1836), Prangey (1832-1837), Gail (h. 1832-37), Roberts (1833-1839), Dauzats (h. 1836-1838), Chapuy (h. 1838-1842), Villaamil (h. 1838-1844), Bossuet (h. 1841-1855), Gerhardt (h. 1849-1851), Guesdon (1853), Parcerisa (1855) y Los Monumentos Arquitectónicos (h. 1852-1881).
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Snahoshchenko, V. V. "A.V. Dukhnovych and His Cultural and Educational Activities." Rusin, no. 65 (2021): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/65/3.

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The author analyzes the multifaceted research, theoretical, and practical activities of A.V. Dukhnovych (1803–1865) – a talented poet, prose writer, publicist, historian, ethnographer, playwright, teacher, publisher, a well-known “Buditel’” (i.e. awakener) of the Carpathian people. The author studies and describes Dukhnovych’s creative heritage to define the main directions of his cultural and educational activities in the fields of philosophy, history, geography, pedagogy, socio-culture, linguistics, theology, ethnography, agriculture, phytotherapy, etc. Dukhnovich was a convinced traditional educator, who sincerely believed that education can significantly alleviate the plight of the masses. He founded educational societies, organized more than 70 elementary schools, published textbooks, almanacs, calendars. He supported several gymnasiums in Subcarpathian Rus, where teaching was conducted in Russian. Dukhnovich established a scholarship fund for poor pupils and students, organized free cafeterias, etc. The analysis of his epistolary, autobiographical materials, and works of fiction provide an insight into the socio-political and cultural life of the Rusins in the middle of the 19th century. Dukhnovich’s creative heritage includes the first “Primer” for public schools (“Reading Book for Beginners” (1847)); the first textbooks on geography (“A Short Landpiece for Young Rusins” (1851)); history (“General History for Young Rusins” (1851), “The True History of the Carpathossians, or Hungarian Rusins” (1853)); the ethnographic work “On the Peoples of the Extreme or Ugric Carpathians, living near the Beskid in the Zemplínska, Uzhhorod and Sharisha capitals” (1848); “Abridged Grammar of the Written Russian language” (1853); “Folk Pedagogy for the Benefit of Rural Teachers” (1857), which was the first textbook on pedagogy in Western Ukraine published in Lvov; “Menology” (1850, 1851, 1854, 1857), other teaching manuals, articles, poetic works, dumas, and plays. His poem “Vruchanie” became the national anthem of Ugrian Rus. As a democratic educator, he convinced many that the active national and cultural life of the Rusins fully depends on the dissimination of education among the people to bring up the younger generation in the vein of virtue and national dignity. By his personal example, Dukhnovich lead people to spiritual dimensions and influences the worldview and patriotism of the intelligentsia in Subcarpathian Rus. He made a significant contribution to the education of the people, laid the foundations for many cultural and educational societies in Subcarpathian Rus in the 19th century and later – not only in his native land, but also far beyond its borders.
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Sаpоzhnykov, Igor, and Olexandr Kuzmishchev. "Невідомі карти та плани Ольвії та її околиць XIX ст." Eminak, no. 4(40) (December 31, 2022): 50–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33782/eminak2022.4(40).602.

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Мета статті полягає у введенні до наукового обігу та аналізу досі невідомих картографічних джерел, які зберігаються у різних музейних та архівних установах. Наукова новизна пов’язана з тим, що розглянуті чотири плани і карти 1821, 1851, 1863 рр., що стосуються Ольвії та її околиць, що досі ніколи не попадали до наукового вжитку дослідників. Наведено невідомі факти існування села Ольвія (Широке); два фрагменти аркуша «військової зйомки» Херсонської губернії 1851 р. (масштаб 1 : 42 000) з урочищем Сто Могил і ділянкою на північ від с. Парутине. Вперше розглянуто аркуш карти 1851 р. та план А.П. Чиркова 1863 р., на яких зображені Велике та Мале Аджигольські містечка (нині поселення Дніпровське ІІ), вперше описані академіком Е.Е. Келлером. Висновки. У рамках порівняльного аналізу планів було встановлено локалізацію кургану, в якому була знайдена золота маска (1842 р.). Також була локалізована на планах курганна група біля балки Широкої, які булі розкопані у 1844 і 1853 рр. Наводиться інформація про кам’яні склепи, відомі у трьох з них. У ході проведеного дослідження вдалося не тільки порівняти плани між собою, але й локалізувати раніше невідоме місцезнаходження «археологічного будинку», співвіднести місцезнаходження курганів, розкопаних у 1842, 1844 і 1853 рр. а також розібратися у заплутаній бібліографії стосовно місцезнаходження Аджигольського містечка.
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Drapeau, Thierry. "‘Look at our Colonial Struggles’: Ernest Jones and the Anti-Colonialist Challenge to Marx’s Conception of History." Critical Sociology 45, no. 7-8 (November 17, 2017): 1195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920517739094.

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This article seeks to restore the influential role of the Chartist activist, writer and poet, Ernest Jones (1819–1869), on Marx’s shift toward a multilinear conception of history in the early 1850s. Living in exile in London, Marx developed a close and long-lasting friendship and intellectual partnership with Jones, and actively contributed to his Chartist weeklies, Notes to the People (1851–1852) and the People’s Paper (1852–1858), during which he was directly exposed to, and thus influenced by, Jones’ anti-colonialist outlook. Based on circumstantial and cross-textual evidence, this article shows that starting in 1853 Marx appears to have drawn insights from Jones’ writings as he was changing his views on the progressiveness of Western colonialism, particularly the British kind in India. Seemingly imbued with the radical intellectual environment in which he gravitated in London, Marx followed his Chartist comrade and converged increasingly toward a similar anti-colonialist position, thus breaking with the Eurocentric, unilinear framework of historical development that characterized The Communist Manifesto (1848). Recovering the impact that Jones had on Marx’s intellectual trajectory in the 1850s brings to the fore the contribution of English radical politics in the early development of Marxism, especially as regard to the nexus between anti-colonialism and world revolution.
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Martin, Benjamin F. "John Merriman.Police Stories: Building the French State, 1815–1851.:Police Stories: Building the French State, 1815–1851." American Historical Review 111, no. 4 (October 2006): 1255–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.111.4.1255a.

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North, Sue. "Privileged knowledge, privileged access: early universities in Australia." History of Education Review 45, no. 1 (June 6, 2016): 88–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-04-2014-0028.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show that Australia’s first two universities were connected to class status. It challenges the idea that these universities extended the “educational franchise” at their outset, by interrogating the characteristics of the student population in comparison with the characteristics of the population in the colonies. It looks at the curricula within the university system to show it is always “interested”, never neutral – it may be unique to the social, cultural, political and economic location of each university, but ultimately it benefits those who hold power in these locations. Design/methodology/approach – This research involves empirical analysis of characteristics of university students in Australia in the 1850s, including country of birth, religion, age, previous education and fathers’ occupation, as well as population demographics from the censuses that took place in the colonies of NSW and Victoria at that time. It also involves an analysis of the sociology of knowledge in nineteenth century Australian universities in light of this empirical data. Findings – Socio-political influences on the establishment of the first universities in Australia highlight the power of conferring legitimacy to particular areas of knowledge and to whom this knowledge was made available. Research limitations/implications – The research is limited to using the student data for the first three years of enrolment because in order to make comparisons between the student population and the population of the colonies, the student data needed to be from a time as close to the population census as possible. The Sydney census was in 1851, so student data from the University of Sydney was 1852-1854. The Melbourne census was in 1854, so student data from the University of Melbourne was 1855-1857. Originality/value – Australian historiography suggests that early universities in Australia were open to all, regardless of background. This paper challenges this orthodoxy through empirical findings and theoretical analysis.
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Kop, P. C. "De Brieven Van a.C. Holtius Aan F.C. Von Savigny." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review 60, no. 1-2 (1992): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181992x00089.

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AbstractAdrianus Catharinus Holtius (1786-1861) war Professor zu Deventer (1816-1821), Groningen (1821-1822), Löwen (1822-1831 ) und Utrecht ( 1831-1861). Sein Lehrauftrag zu Utrecht enthielt römisches Recht, Handelsrecht und Seerecht. Er verkehrte brieflich mit Savigny vom 6. Juni 1832 bis zum 27. Oktober 1851. Nur die Holtiusbriefe sind in der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg greifbar. Ein Schreiben Savignys vom 13. Oktober 1836 ist erhalten und wird in diesem Aufsatz in ungekürzter Form abgedruckt. Die Korrespondenz umfaßt eine Vielzahl von Themen: so z.B. die Überlieferung, nach der die Pisaner die Littera Pisana 1135 in Amalfi erbeutet hätten, den Gegensatz Quiritium und Latinorum, die Begriffsbestimmung von furtum, mutuum, nexus, fructuum perceptio, civilis und naturalis possessio und die Anwesenheit Cujazischer Schriften in Frankfurt. Holtius gibt auch seinen Kommentar zu den Veröffentlichungen Savignys, wie Das Recht des Besitzes und Geschichte des römischen Rechts im Mittelalter. Weiterhin diskutiert man über Handschriften und Kollegen, über den jämmerlichen Zustand der Gesetzgebung, der Rechtspflege und der Rechtswissenschaft, über die eigene Gesundheit usw. Holtius erweist sich als ein Rechtswissenschaftler mit internationalen Kontakten und breitem Interesse, der die Zivilrechtswissenschaft seiner Zeit noch immer für eine europäische und romanistische Wissenschaft hält.
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Rodríguez O., Jaime E. "Mexico in the Age of Proposals, 1821-1851." Hispanic American Historical Review 80, no. 3 (August 1, 2000): 611–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-80-3-611.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "History, 1851"

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Wickham, Dorothy. "Women in 'Ballarat" 1851-1871: a case study in agency." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2008. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/178386.

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This thesis argues that European women exercised agency in mid nineteenth century Ballarat. It develops an understanding of women as active agents who engaged with, and negotiated, relationships of power. It highlights the fluidity in gendered roles, the blurred lines between the public and private domains, and the complexity of colonial life and relationships. This social and feminist history situates women within the system of patriarchal power which systematically and overtly benefited men. It reveals the complex operation of patriarchal power in which women accepted, challenged, and resisted social values and constructs. Such a consideration of the structure of power dislodges the notion of women as oppressed bodies who passively accepted universal and monolithic patriarchal values, and instead highlights diversity within gendered power structures. Drawing on public documentation, narrative, biographical, and statistical information from a diverse, extensive, and comprehensive range of archival sources, this thesis utilises a form of microhistorical methodology to detail and analyse the ways in which colonial women helped to shape society. It then draws a broader interpretation from such analysis to locate this thesis among other feminist and goldfields discourses. Through the central themes of health, birth, death, marnage, family, law, religion, temperance, philanthropy, work and public protests, this study_ identifies strands of agency exercised by Ballarat' s colonial women during the city's metamorphosis from the heady early days after the official discovery of payable gold in 1851 and the subsequent expansion of colonial settlement, to the consolidation of the City of Ballarat in 1871. Women predominantly acted as domesticating, nurturing and civilising agents, their actions deriving legitimacy from patriarchal values and endorsed by men. Women also contested, challenged, negotiated, manipulated, resisted and rejected socially accepted values, while playing out their lives within the colonial society in which they lived.
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Estes, Sharon Lynn. "Inverted Audiences: Transatlantic Readers and International Bestsellers, 1851-1891." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376042728.

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Fifer, D. E. (Donald Edward). "The Sydney merchants and seaborne trade, 1821-1851." Phd thesis, Department of History, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13716.

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Tivy, Mary. "THE LOCAL HISTORY MUSEUM IN ONTARIO 1851-1985: AN INTELLECTUAL HISTORY." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2821.

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This thesis is a study of the changing model of the local history museum in Ontario, Canada and the consequential changing interpretations of the past in these institutions.

Beginning in 1879, local history museums in Ontario developed largely from the energies of local historical societies bent on collecting the past. While science museums used taxonomy and classification to mirror the natural state of the world, history museums had no equivalent framework for organizing collections as real-world referents. Often organized without apparent design, by the early 20th century a deductive method was used to categorize and display history collections into functional groups based on manufacture and use.

By the mid-twentieth century an inductive approach for interpreting collections in exhibits was promoted to make these objects more meaningful and interesting to museum visitors, and to justify their collection. This approach relied on the recontextualization of the object through two methods: text-based, narrative exhibits; and verisimilitude, the recreation of the historical environment in which the artifact would have been originally used. These exhibit practices became part of the syllabus of history museum work as it professionalized during the mid-twentieth century, almost a full century after the science museum. In Ontario, recontextualizing artifacts eventually dominated the process of recreating the past at museums. Objects were consigned to placement within textual storylines in order to impart accurate meaning. At its most elaborate, artifacts were recontextualized into houses, and buildings into villages, wherein the public could fully immerse themselves in a tableau of the past. Throughout this process, the dynamic of recontextualization to enhance visitor experience subtlety shifted the historical artifact from its previous position in the museum as an autonomous relic of the past, to one subordinate to context.

Although presented as absolute, the narratives and reconstructions formed by these collecting and exhibiting practices were contingent on a multitude of shifting factors, such as accepted museum practice, physical, economic and human resources available to the museum operation, and prevailing beliefs about the past and community identity. This thesis exposes the wider field of museum practice in Ontario community history museums over a century while the case study of Doon Pioneer Village shows in detail the conditional qualities of historical reconstruction in museum exhibits and historical restoration.
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Bosworth, P. Anne. "Village life in the Vale of Belvoir : social and economic change, 1851-1881." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1989. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6738.

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A study of the effects upon the village community of various areas of social and economic change. Based upon detailed examination of seven villages within the Leicestershire Vale of Belvoir, the thesis considers varied responses to legislative changes. such as those in employment regulation and education, to economic change such as that in agriculture and in the means of transport, and to social pressures for change as in the fields of religious allegiance or public recreation. Census evidence of changing population levels, and of variations in the composition of the population in terms of age, sex, and occupation, is discussed, and causes and effects of such changes suggested. The evidence of migration from and amongst the villages is explored, with an examination of possible motivation for it. Changing class relations are explored; while small-scale land ownership is shown to have been relatively unimportant in creating status or economic stability, the continuing influence of the great landowners, notably the Duke of Rutland, is recognised, but set against evidence of a decline in deferential attitudes and a growing challenge to aristocratic political influence. The village middle class of farmers and tradesmen is shown to have increasingly assumed a leadership role, but it is suggested that the conservatism of the village population helped to preserve elements of traditional village life, and above all, the sense of an integrated community.
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Gleadle, Kathryn Jane. "The early feminists : radical unitarians and the emergence of the women's rights movement, c.1831-1851." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386235.

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Alves, Cláudio José 1970. "Natureza e cultura nas ilustrações da Comissão Científica de Exploração, (1851-1861)." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280561.

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Orientador: Luiz Cesar Marques Filho
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Essa Tese refere-se à iconografia da Comissão Científica de Exploração enviada ao Ceará, em 1859 até 1861, por D. Pedro II. As aquarelas, os desenhos e as litografias da expedição foram produzidos a partir da atuação do pintor José dos Reis Carvalho, do poeta Gonçalves Dias e dos naturalistas Francisco Freire Alemão e Manoel Ferreira Lagos. Ao compararmos o trabalho de José dos Reis Carvalho para a Comissão Científica de Exploração com as influências estéticas de sua época, nele iremos perceber que, ao tratar da questão da seca, expressou elementos próprios da realidade local e da cultura brasileira, ali identificadas com o sertanejo e seu modo de vida na aridez da caatinga. Como um ilustrador científico, mas com um padrão estético próprio, deu às suas obras um caráter histórico envolto de questões sociais da época e representou o homem em conflito com uma paisagem que o hostilizava. Por meio de artigos e manuscritos sob as questões climáticas e culturais relacionadas ao Ceará, e pela bibliografia adquirida pela Comissão Científica de Exploração, delimitamos o espaço documental que justificou a produção iconográfica do pintor voltada para o tema das secas e para os costumes locais. O poeta Gonçalves Dias compôs um indianismo no qual se voltou a reconstituir a identidade nacional através das reminiscências culturais das antigas tribos Tupis e Tapuias. Permitiu o nascimento de uma etnografia de caráter científico baseada nas características linguísticas, tecnológicas e estéticas destes povos antigos e presentes nos grupos indígenas existentes no período. Os artefatos que ele recolheu no Amazonas, remeteu ao Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro e foram litografados pelo Imperial Instituto Artístico, expressam a importância que estes objetos assumiram como documentos iconográficos relacionados à História da Cultura Brasileira que esteve motivada por uma ideologia nativista. O botânico Francisco Freire Alemão e o zoólogo Manoel Ferreira Lagos, além de promoverem a identificação e a classificação de diversas espécies da biodiversidade cearense, dedicaram-se a produzir registros visuais para inaugurarem uma produção bibliográfica ilustrada no Brasil que ainda era incipiente. O interesse pela aplicação das técnicas acadêmicas do desenho Freire Alemão manifestou em seus singelos desenhos de vilas e plantas presentes na Biblioteca Nacional e outros que foram publicados na revista Guanabara. No entanto, sua maior e mais relevante produção iconográfica relacionada à botânica está na sua Flora Cearense, um manuscrito de valioso valor estético e histórico
Abstract: This thesis refers to the iconography of the Scientific Exploration Commission sent to Ceará, from 1859 until 1861, by D.Pedro II. The watercolors, drawings and lithographs of the expedition were produced in the work of the painter José Carvalho dos Reis, the poet Gonçalves Dias along with the naturalists Francisco Freire Alemão and Manoel Ferreira Lagos. Comparing the work of José dos Reis Carvalho with the aesthetic influences of his age, we will realize that, when addressing the issue of drought, he attempted to identify in Brazilian culture the proper elements of the local reality. As a scientific illustrator, but with a proper aesthetic standard, promoted in his works a historical character of social issues in his epoch and represented the Brazilian man conflict with the hostile landscape. Through articles and manuscripts on themes related to Ceará climate and culture, and literature acquired by the Scientific Exploration Commission, we delimited a documental research that was justified by the painter iconographical production turned into issue of drought and local culture. The poet Gonçalves Dias wrote an Indianism in which the identity of Brazilian people was reconstructed through the cultural remnants of Tupi and Tapuias ancient tribes. He allowed the birth of an ethnography scientific nature based on linguistic features, technology and aestheticism of these ancient people in the indigenous groups presented in his time. The artifacts he has collected in the Amazon were sent to the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro and they were lithographed by the Imperial Art Institute, which express the importance of these objects as iconographic documents related to the history of art and culture in Brazil. The botanist Francisco Freire Alemão and the zoologist Manoel Ferreira Lagos, beyond promoting the identification and classification of several biodiversity species in Ceará, they produced visual records to inaugurate an illustrated bibliographical production in Brazil, which was still incipient at that. The interest of Freire Alemão, in applying the academic techniques of drawing, was expressed in his single drawing of villages and plants present in the National Library and others that were published in Guanabara. However, his greatest and most relevant iconographic production related to botany is in his Flora of Ceará, a manuscript of valuable historical and aesthetic value
Doutorado
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Doutor em História
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Cronje, Gillian Charles. "Pulmonary tuberculosis in England and Wales, 1851-1910." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338487.

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Hill, Rosemary. "Antiquaries in the Age of Romanticism, 1789-1851." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/2680.

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The thesis concentrates on the work of fourteen antiquaries active in the period from the French Revolution to the Great Exhibition in England, Scotland and France. I have used a combination of the antiquaries’ published works, which cover, among other subjects, architecture, topography, costume history, Shakespeare and the history of furniture, alongside their private papers to develop an account of that lived engagement with the past which characterised the romantic period. It ends with the growing professionalisation and specialisation of historical studies in the mid-nineteenth century which left little room for the self-generating, essentially romantic antiquarian enterprise. In so far as this subject has been considered at all it has been in the context of what has come to be called ‘the invention of tradition’. It is true that the romantic engagement with history as narrative led to some elaboration of the facts, while the newness of the enterprise laid it open to mistakes. I have not ignored this. The restoration of the Bayeux Tapestry, the forged tartans of the Sobieski Stuarts and the creation of Shakespeare’s Birthplace are all considered. Overall, however, I have been concerned not to debunk but as it were to ‘rebunk’, to see the antiquaries in their historical context and, as far as possible, in their own terms.
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Ahlsén, Camilla. "Herrgårdspigor på vallonbruk år 1851-1880 : En studie över de pigor som blev städslade på Lövstabruks och Österbybruks herrgårdar år 1851-1880." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-144274.

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Books on the topic "History, 1851"

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Efraín, Flores Maldonado, and Guerrero (Mexico :. State), eds. Guerrero histórico, 1850-1851. [Guerrero, México: s.n., 1996.

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Arhiv Vojvodine (Novi Sad, Serbia), ed. Komisije Srpskog Vojvodstva i Tamiškog Banata -- Temišvar (1851-1861): Katalog odabranih sadržaja dokumenata (1851-1854) XVI/1. Novi Sad: Arhiv Vojvodine, 2011.

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Treutler, Paul. Copiapó: Una aventura minera, 1851-1858. 2nd ed. Chile: [s.n.], 1989.

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Lerk, James A. Bendigo's mining history, 1851-1954. Bendigo: Bendigo Trust, 1991.

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Taylor, Robert Lewis. Freewill Baptist vital statistics, 1811-1851. Bowie, Md: Heritage Books, 1999.

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John, Killen, ed. The famine decade: Contemporary accounts, 1841-1851. Belfast: Blackstaff Press, 1995.

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Hillier, John. Ebb-tide at Poole: Poole 1815-1851. Poole: PooleHistorical Trust, 1985.

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Hillier, John. Ebb-tide at Poole: Poole 1815-1851. Poole: Poole Historical Trust, 1995.

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Historic Preservation Society of Tullahoma., ed. Tullahoma 1851. Tullahoma, Tenn: Historic Preservation Society of Tullahoma, 1986.

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Mackenzie, John Munro. Diary, 1851. Stornoway, Isle of Lewis: Acair, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "History, 1851"

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Al-Haj Baddar, Sherenaz W., and Kenneth E. Batcher. "Early History." In Designing Sorting Networks, 1–7. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1851-1_1.

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Astigarraga, Jesús, Javier Usoz, and Juan Zabalza. "Mora and the Enciclopedia Moderna (1851–1855)." In Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Thought, 235–66. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49446-8_9.

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Olstein, Diego. "We Were All Brits (1851–1914)." In A Brief History of Now, 25–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82420-4_2.

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Dickinson, H. W., and A. E. Musson. "Land Boilers, 1851 to 1900." In A Short History of the Steam Engine, 159–72. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429423123-10.

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Lowe, Norman. "Britain, india and the Mutiny of 1851." In Mastering Modern British History, 177–94. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11106-0_11.

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Knecht, Heidi. "The History and Development of Projectile Technology Research." In Projectile Technology, 3–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1851-2_1.

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Vaggi, Gianni, and Peter Groenewegen. "Knut Wicksell, 1851–1926: Interest and Prices." In A Concise History of Economic Thought, 253–59. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230505803_25.

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van Lieshout, Carry, Harry Smith, and Robert J. Bennett. "Female Entrepreneurship in England and Wales, 1851–1911." In Palgrave Studies in Economic History, 289–314. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33412-3_12.

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Molari, Pier Gabriele. "Airship—The American Dream by Quirico Filopanti, 1851." In History of Mechanism and Machine Science, 241–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22680-4_14.

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Turnbull, Craig. "British Actuarial Thought in General Insurance (1851–1994)." In A History of British Actuarial Thought, 275–309. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33183-6_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "History, 1851"

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Kapsch, Robert J. "Baltimore and the Maryland Cross-Cut Canal: 1820-1851." In Fifth National History and Heritage Congress at ASCE Civil Engineering Conference and Exposition. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40759(152)9.

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Polyanskaya, O. N. "HISTORY OF LITERATURE OF THE MONGOLIC PEOPLES IN THE WORKS BY ORIENTALIST A. M. POZDNEYEV (1851-1920)." In Международная научная конференция "Мир Центральной Азии-V", посвященная 100-летию Института монголоведения,буддологии и тибетологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук. Новосибирск: Сибирское отделение РАН, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53954/9785604788981_139.

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Petrova, Maria. "TRADITIONS OF STUDYING AND TEACHING MODERN MONGOLIAN LITERATURE AT ST. PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY." In 10th International Conference "Issues of Far Eastern Literatures (IFEL 2022)". St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063770.30.

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Study of Mongolian literature at St. Petersburg University began in the 19th century. In 1855, as part of the reorganization of Oriental studies in Russia, Faculty of Oriental Languages was transferred from Kazan to St. Petersburg. A. M. Pozdneev (1851–1920) was the first to systematically study Mongolian literature at the department. Academician B. Ya. Vladimirtsov (1884–1931) significantly developed and deepened research in the field of Mongolian literature. An outstanding academician S. A. Kozin (1879–1956) made a huge contribution to the study of Mongolian literature. From 1937 to 1976 T. A. Burdukova (1912–1987) taught at the Department of Mongolian Philology. In 1953, after completing her postgraduate studies at the Department of Mongolian Philology, L. K. Gerasimovich (1923–2015) began her teaching career. In 1987, M. P. Petrova (born 1964) was hired as an assistant at the Department of Mongolian Philology. For more than half a century of the existence of the Faculty of Asian and African Studies within the walls of St. Petersburg University, the Department of Mongolian Philology (later — department of Mongolian Studies and Tibetology) has developed a strong tradition of studying and teaching new and latest Mongolian literature. And today we can talk about the presence at St. Petersburg State University of its own scientific school of research into the history of the development of literature of the Mongolian-speaking peoples of the world.
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Корнилова, А. В. "ПАМЯТНИКИ ГЕРОЮ СЕВАСТОПОЛЬСКОЙ ОБОРОНЫ — ВИЦЕ-АДМИРАЛУ В. А. КОРНИЛОВУ." In Образ героя. От прошлого к настоящему. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54874/9785605054252.2023.1.05.

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Рассматриваются примеры русской монументальной скульптуры — памятники, посвященные вице-адмиралу В. А. Корнилову. В этом контексте анализируется тема увековечения Севастопольской обороны 1854–1855 гг. — одной из героических страниц истории России. Examples of Russian monumental sculpture are considered — monuments dedicated to Vice Admiral V. A. Kornilov. In this context, the theme of perpetuating the Sevastopol defense of 1854- 1855 is analyzed as one of the heroic pages of Russian history.
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Griggs, Jr., Francis E. "Analytical Modeling: Its Beginning to 1850." In Fourth National Congress on Civil Engineering History and Heritage. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40654(2003)5.

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Yost, William A. "History of sound source localization: 1850-1950." In 173rd Meeting of Acoustical Society of America and 8th Forum Acusticum. Acoustical Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0000529.

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Jewell, Thomas K., Francis E. Griggs, Jr., and Stephen J. Ressler. "Early Engineering Education in the United States Prior to 1850." In Third National Congress on Civil Engineering History and Heritage. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40594(265)41.

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Ceastina, Ala. "The outstanding architect Alexander Iosifovich Bernardazzi (1831–1907)." In Patrimoniul cultural: cercetare, valorificare, promovare. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975351379.20.

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This year marks the 190th birthday of the famous Swiss architect of Italian origin A.I. Bernardazzi, who is also known for creating various historic buildings in Ukraine, Bessarabia and Poland. Archival documents were an evidence of the beginning of architectural career of Bernardazzi, when the Bessarabian Road and Construction Commission appointed him as the technician for urban planning of Akkerman and Bendery in 1853 and also for building some bridges and causeways in those districts. He took part in the organization of the third market in the Forest Square in Kishinev in September of 1855. This was the first mission of his creativity in Kishinev. Alexander Bernardazzi executed his duty as municipal architect from 1856 to 1878 having taken the place of another architect Luca Zaushkevich. All his subsequent monumental buildings became the best examples of European architecture by their style, shape, and quality. . In Bessarabia, he participated in the design and construction of many buildings such as the temporal theatre, the Lutheran school, the railway station, the Greek Church, the Manuk-Bei’s palace, etc. As for Kishinev, the architect Bernardazzi performed the beautification of paving many streets, the construction of urban water supply and the cast-iron railing in the city park. Also, he participated in many architects’ meetings where he submitted interesting reports referring to the theater, some windows, fire safety of buildings and so on. After his arrival to Odessa in 1878, Alexander Bernardazzi continued to participate in designing social and civil buildings in Bessarabia. For his enormous creative contribution to urban development, he was appreciated with the title of honorable citizen of Kishinev and appointed member of the Bessarabian department of the Imperial Russian Technical Society.
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Paxton, Roland. "Loch Katrine Water Supply to Glasgow, Scotland, 1855–1903." In Great River History Symposium at World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41032(344)18.

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Котельницький, Н. А. "Скасування рабовласницького ладу у Російській імперії 1861 р.: візія І. І. Петрункевича (1843–1928)." In HISTORY, POLITICAL SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIOLOGY: REVOLUTIONARY CHANGES. Baltija Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-079-7-3.

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Reports on the topic "History, 1851"

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Klishko, O. K. Solution of taxonomic status of Unio mongolicus Middendorff, 1851 (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from the type locality in Transbaikalia and history of its taxonomy. Ljournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0136-0027-2019-1-55-70.

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Nzabampema, Pamela. Glasgow University Diversity History Report, c.1850–c.1950. University of Glasgow, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36399/gla.pubs.326136.

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Jeane, D. G., and Bruce G. Harvey. A History of the Mobile District Corps of Engineers 1815-1985. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627481.

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Lebo, Susan A., and C. R. Ferring. Archaeology and History of the Ray Roberts Lake Area of Northcentral Texas, 1850-1950. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada286843.

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Rathbun, Mary Y. Castle on the Rock: The History of the Little Rock District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1881-1985. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada635506.

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Gerber, M. S. History of the 185-/189-D thermal hydraulics laboratory and its effects on reactor operations at the Hanford Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10186343.

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Lewis, C. F. M. Contributions to the glacial and postglacial history of Houghton Lake Basin in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, U.S.A. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/p7kqtc0m23.

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Deux contributions ont été apportées à une étude de l’histoire glaciaire et postglaciaire du bassin du lac Houghton dans le nord de la péninsule inférieure du Michigan, aux États-Unis. La première contribution décrit la variation des niveaux d’eau du lac Huron (environ 130 m) et du lac Michigan (environ 100 m), qui ont permis de contrôler les niveaux de base pour l’écoulement des eaux souterraines et de surface dans la péninsule inférieure du Michigan au cours des 14 000 dernières années. Cette variation a probablement eu une incidence sur la sédimentation dans de petits lacs comme les lacs Backus, Pup et Marl. De plus, des changements ayant touché le lac Higgins font en sorte que la variation a probablement eu une incidence partielle sur ce lac, dont la taille est plus importante. Toutes ces étendues d’eau se trouvent dans le bassin du lac Houghton. La deuxième contribution fournit une estimation du soulèvement crustal différentiel dans le bassin du lac Houghton, au nord d’une zone d’affaissement crustal. Les données suggèrent que la nature du soulèvement crustal dans le nord de la péninsule inférieure du Michigan est semblable à celle du soulèvement dans l’ensemble du bassin des Grands Lacs. Comme nous ne disposons que des élévations des fragments du rivage d’un lac glaciaire pour l’ensemble du bassin du lac Houghton, cette estimation est fondée sur des élévations expérimentales des différences actuelles entre les isobases de 190 m et de 185 m du lac Algonquin. Une différence d’élévation actuelle de 15 m suggère que les isobases de 190 m et de 185 m étaient à leur niveau il y a au moins 16 à 15 ka BP, et que le bassin du lac Houghton, en forme de cuvette, soutenait probablement un grand lac, soit le lac glaciaire Roscommon. Le lac glaciaire Roscommon a peut-être existé plus tôt, car on suppose que le retrait du lobe glaciaire de Mackinac a commencé vers 19 ka.
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Ferring, C. R., Susan A. Lebo, Carin E. Horn, Bob Skiles, and Bonnie Yates. Historic Archaeology of the Johnson (41DN248) and Jones (41DN250) Farmsteads in the Ray Roberts Lake Area: 1850-1950. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada286927.

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Hendricks, Kasey. Data for Alabama Taxation and Changing Discourse from Reconstruction to Redemption. University of Tennessee, Knoxville Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/wdyvftwo4u.

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At their most basic level taxes carry, in the words of Schumpeter ([1918] 1991), “the thunder of history” (p. 101). They say something about the ever-changing structures of social, economic, and political life. Taxes offer a blueprint, in both symbolic and concrete terms, for uncovering the most fundamental arrangements in society – stratification included. The historical retellings captured within these data highlight the politics of taxation in Alabama from 1856 to 1901, including conflicts over whom money is expended upon as well as struggles over who carries their fair share of the tax burden. The selected timeline overlaps with the formation of five of six constitutions adopted in the State of Alabama, including 1861, 1865, 1868, 1875, and 1901. Having these years as the focal point makes for an especially meaningful case study, given how much these constitutional formations made the state a site for much political debate. These data contain 5,121 pages of periodicals from newspapers throughout the state, including: Alabama Sentinel, Alabama State Intelligencer, Alabama State Journal, Athens Herald, Daily Alabama Journal, Daily Confederation, Elyton Herald, Mobile Daily Tribune, Mobile Tribune, Mobile Weekly Tribune, Morning Herald, Nationalist, New Era, Observer, Tuscaloosa Observer, Tuskegee News, Universalist Herald, and Wilcox News and Pacificator. The contemporary relevance of these historical debates manifests in Alabama’s current constitution which was adopted in 1901. This constitution departs from well-established conventions of treating the document as a legal framework that specifies a general role of governance but is firm enough to protect the civil rights and liberties of the population. Instead, it stands more as a legislative document, or procedural straightjacket, that preempts through statutory material what regulatory action is possible by the state. These barriers included a refusal to establish a state board of education and enact a tax structure for local education in addition to debt and tax limitations that constrained government capacity more broadly. Prohibitive features like these are among the reasons that, by 2020, the 1901 Constitution has been amended nearly 1,000 times since its adoption. However, similar procedural barriers have been duplicated across the U.S. since (e.g., California’s Proposition 13 of 1978). Reference: Schumpeter, Joseph. [1918] 1991. “The Crisis of the Tax State.” Pp. 99-140 in The Economics and Sociology of Capitalism, edited by Richard Swedberg. Princeton University Press.
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Figari's Montevideo: 1861 - 1938. Inter-American Development Bank, September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006406.

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Thirty-eight works including drawings, photographs and paintings that illustrate the life and times of artist Pedro Figari in Montevideo, Uruguay; from Montevideo's National Library, the Juan Manuel Blanes Municipal Museum, the National Museum of Visual Arts, the National History Museum, as well as several private collections.
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