Academic literature on the topic 'Historical press documents'
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Journal articles on the topic "Historical press documents"
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Kytö, Merja. "Register in historical linguistics." Register Studies 1, no. 1 (April 26, 2019): 136–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rs.18011.kyt.
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Abstract Merja Kytö is Professor of English Language at Uppsala University. In this article, she provides a detailed accounting of the role of register in research on the historical development of language. Her substantial body of work has focused on both the historical development of specific registers, as well as how historical change has been mediated by register. Her research has encompassed a range of time periods (from Early Modern English to the 19th century) and registers (for example, depositions, Salem witchcraft records, and dialogues). Her many edited collections have brought historical linguists together into comprehensive and rigorous volumes, including the Cambridge Handbook of English Historical Linguistics (Kytö & Pahta 2016, Cambridge University Press), English in Transition: Corpus-Based Studies in Linguistic Variation and Genre Styles (Rissanen, Kytö, & Heikkonen 1997, De Gruyter), and Developments in English: Expanding Electronic Evidence (Taavitsainen, Kytö, Claridge, & Smith 2014, Cambridge University Press). She has been a key contributor to the development of principled historical corpora, such as the Helsinki Corpus of English Texts project, which represents a range of registers from Old and Middle English to Early Modern English. Merja Kytö has long been a leader in demonstrating how systematic attention to register can result in rich profiles of historical development, and in addressing the inherent challenges involved in utilizing historical documents for linguistic research.
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Kuzmenko (Staryshkina), Anastsiya A. "“Anxious Times Were Coming”: The Images of the Past in Ego-Documents of Russian Women-Journalists in the 2nd Half of the 19th – Early 20th Century." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 20, no. 1 (2021): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-1-125-135.
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The article aims to reveal characteristics of the images of the past in the ego-documents of Russian women journalists in the 2nd half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Historical epochs that were described by women-journalists in their text most often are the primary focus of our attention. These texts served as a means of commemoration, women tried to reinterpret historical background and recreate, by some means even construct the image of their professional community. The article indicates that women-journalists made a historical excursus rather rare, and also that the ego-documents contained reflection on the Great French revolution which was typical for the general historical culture of the Russian empire. Their perceptions of the degree of freedom, the role of the periodical press and literary figures in society served as one of the ways to construct the images of the past. Opinions on1860s and contribution of journalist’s community in events of this time supported a claim of the socio-professional group on high status, that was one of the major reasons for sacralizing and stereotyping image of the epoch led to the memory wars. The authors of the ego-documents considered the 1860s as the starting point to characterize other epochs. Their descriptions of the past were full of stamps typical for the historical culture of that period. Women-journalists strove to show the position of women in the family and their capability for professional self-realization in different historical periods described in the ego-documents.
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Valente, Wagner Rodrigues, and Gisele De Gouvêa. "The Curriculum Proposals of the State of São Paulo in the 1980s: Impacts of a New Expertise for Teaching." Acta Scientiae 24, no. 6 (December 19, 2022): 584–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/acta.scientiae.7354.
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Background: The historical analysis of a given curricular production makes it possible to understand how, at a given time, the production of new knowledge occurs, made official in some documents, thus providing references for teaching and teacher education. Objectives: The study intends to answer the following question: How to understand the negative criticisms disseminated by the press to this curricular production, in terms of the elaboration of a new teaching expertise? Design: This study is a research from a historical perspective. This is a documentary research that has as its source material from newspapers from the 1980s. Setting and Participants: The research presents aspects of a curriculum production from the 1980s. Sows the impacts emitted by the newspapers of the time on a curricular production. Data collection and analysis: As an empiric of the research, the articles published in São Paulo newspapers are considered at the time of the elaboration of the proposals. Such a question is justified, therefore, because it makes it possible to explain the process of producing new knowledge for teaching based on the actions of experts. Results: Going through the actions of the experts shows us that it is fundamental to understand the tensions between the fields present behind the scenes of elaboration. From the tensions, knowledge will be theoretically constructed. Conclusions The answer obtained shows the decisive role of the press and the struggles waged for the consolidation of this official curricular document. The curricular documents of a given time govern and provide references for the teaching and training of teachers of that time.
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Bazarbaev, Akmal. "Coverage of agrarian relations in Turkestan in the press and literature." Infolib 27, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47267/2181-8207/2021/3-080.
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The article examines agrarian relations in the Turkestan region in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. In particular, the author focuses on changes in land use based on various sources. Separate historical documents state that the colonial administration tried to apply several rules in land use and made changes in agrarian relations.
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Carter, Mia. "In the archives with Barbara Harlow." Race & Class 60, no. 3 (November 19, 2018): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306396818810668.
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The author discusses in a personal vein her co-operative work with Barbara Harlow since their joint realisation, as teachers of literature, of the lack of knowledge students had of the brutalities of colonialism and occupation against which to read texts. She explains the origins, pedagogical motives and political vision behind the three volumes of historical documents that she co-edited with Barbara Harlow: Imperialism and Orientalism: a documentary sourcebook (Basil Blackwell, 1999); Archives of Empire, Volume I: from the East India Company to the Suez Canal (Duke University Press, 2003); Archives of Empire, Volume II: the scramble for Africa (Duke University Press, 2004).
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Miles, Kieran. "Digitising the historical archives of the Conservation Centre at the Natural History Museum, London." Geological Curator 11, no. 5 (June 2021): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc1507.
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The Conservation Centre at the Natural History Museum in London (NHM) holds a collection of approximately 18,000 archival records and documents. These historical records, which include photographs, slides, X-rays, building plans, letters, press cuttings and field maps, provide a history of fieldwork, specimen treatments and the evolution of conservation and preparation methods at the museum. This paper details a six-month project that was carried out to digitise much of these collections, making them more accessible and easier to associate with specimen records on the museum collection management system and adding to a museum-wide drive to improve accessibility through digitisation.
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Klots, Alissa, and Maria Romashova. "“Are You Living History?” — The Soviet Person and the Quiet Archival Revolution of Late Socialism." Antropologicheskij forum 17, no. 50 (2021): 169–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2021-17-50-169-199.
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The article focuses on the changes that occurred in archiving practices after Stalin. Based on the analysis of publications in professional journals for archivists and in popular press — as well as the personal archival collection of Perm activist and local historian Valentina Sokolova — we argue that, as a result of the democratic and humanistic turn in Soviet society after Stalin’s death, late socialism saw a shift in the understanding of who is worthy of having their documents preserved in an archive. Whereas previously only “remarkable” individuals had the right for a private archival collection, now some members of the archivist community began a campaign to collect documents of “ordinary” citizens. The archivists found allies not only among specialists but also among elderly members of the Soviet intelligentsia — participants in the building of socialism, who had no prior connection to historical studies. This shift that we call the “quiet archival revolution” became an integral part of the late Soviet commemorative turn. With the help of the archivists — enthusiasts of the “quiet archival revolution,” elderly activist came to realize their own historical significance and the value of their documents, some of which later made it to the state archival depositories.
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Kovalska, Lesya. "Books and presses documentary information resources: general features." Вісник Книжкової палати, no. 4 (April 28, 2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36273/2076-9555.2020.4(285).27-32.
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Scientific intelligence is devoted to the theoretical and practical aspects of studying the processes of creating and organizing the storage of documentary evidence of participants and eyewitnesses of historical events, retrospective reconstruction of socio-historical and information and communication relations of Ukrainian society from the past and up to now through the study of documentary and information resources. Based on the study of documents as information resources, problematic-thematic historiography, guided by the latest methodology, the theoretical aspects of clarifying the content potential of book and press documentary-information resources are investigated, the general picture of their external, internal elements and characteristics is made, the peculiarities and effectiveness of research methods. The study of documentary and information resources, as a reflection of time and space, revealed communication interconnections, identified the needs of society in information provision and the creation of specific documentary forms that emerged to meet these needs. The author is involved in the methods of document science, archival science, informology and social communication, which allowed to reveal the meaningful completeness of the information resource as a scientific problem of documentary theory.
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Anindita, Ratya, I. Wayan Suyadnya, Ary Budianto, and Megasari Noer Fatanti. "Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie, press movement, and Javanese public sphere in the colonial age 1915-1950." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 30, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v30i42017.389-405.
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The research attenots to analysis the historical genealogy and press movement and Javanese public sphere in the colonial age, 1915-1950. By focusing the site of Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie (TKS) in Kediri - East Java during the colonial period, this research is specifically to explore the roles of TKS and Tan Khoen Swie’s ideas (as a person) in the press movement in East Java over 35 years. The research used qualitative research with historical-discourse perspectives. It combines the archeology/genealogy methods proposed by Michel Foucault, historical and archives study. Through a historical archive investigation, both of material and ego documents, the study mapped on how the production of the public sphere in colonial age happened. The result of this study shows that the works and ideas published by through Boekhandel Tan Khoen Swie (TKS) are full meaning of spiritual and culture values. TKS has encouraged the transformation of Javanese values to the wider community. We argue that the idea and efforts of the public sphere in Javanese community during the colonial era, especially through it controversial publications. As an individual, Tan Khoen Swie established himself as the cosmopolitan elite in the fight against the colonialism. In other words, the study is success to showed the importance roles of Tan Khoen Swie inspiring the emergence of press movement in East Java and it also supports for creating the alternative public sphere for Javanese.
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Zych, Radosław. "Historical and Legal Aspects of the Operation of the Bydgoszcz Branch of the Polish National Credit Bank." Roczniki Nauk Prawnych 28, no. 3 ENGLISH ONLINE VERSION (October 28, 2019): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rnp.2018.28.3-9en.
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The archival documents concerning the Bydgoszcz Branch of Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa have been barely preserved. Press releases concerning its activities may indicate the main directions of its operation. Undoubtedly, the legal groundwork was generally laid in commonly binding normative acts. The Bydgoszcz Branch was opened after the city government was handed over to Polish administration. That fact is likely to undermine the argument that the Bank supported German interests. Although this cannot be stated unequivocally, I do hope that over time more archival collections will be created to enable further research in this area.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Historical press documents"
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Bernard, Guillaume. "Détection et suivi d’événements dans des documents historiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS032.
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Les campagnes actuelles de numérisation de documents historiques issus de fonds documentaires du monde entier ouvrent de nouvelles voies aux historiens, historiennes et spécialistes des sciences sociales. La compréhension des événements du passé se renouvelle par l’analyse de ces grands volumes de données historiques : découdre le fil des événements, tracer de fausses informations sont, entre autres, des possibilités offertes par les sciences du numérique. Cette thèse s’intéresse à ces articles de presse historique et propose, à travers deux stratégies que tout oppose, deux processus d’analyse répondant à la problématique de suivi des événements dans la presse. Un cas d’utilisation simple est celui d’une équipe de recherche en humanités numériques qui s’intéresse à un événement particulier du passé. Ses membres cherchent à découvrir tous les documents de presse qui s’y rapportent. L’analyse manuelle des articles est irréalisable dans un temps contraint. En publiant à la fois algorithmes, jeux de données et analyses, cette thèse est un premier jalon vers la publication d’outils plus sophistiqués. Nous permettons à tout individu de fouiller les fonds de presse ancienne à la recherche d’événements, et pourquoi pas, renouveler certaines de nos connaissances historiquesCurrent campaigns to digitise historical documents from all over the world are opening up new avenues for historians and social science researchers. The understanding of past events is renewed by the analysis of these large volumes of historical data: unravelling the thread of events, tracing false information are, among other things, possibilities offered by the digital sciences. This thesis focuses on these historical press articles and suggests, through two opposing strategies, two analysis processes that address the problem of tracking events in the press. A simple use case is for instance a digital humanities researcher or an amateur historian who is interested in an event of the past and seeks to discover all the press documents related to it. Manual analysis of articles is not feasible in a limited time. By publishing algorithms, datasets and analyses, this thesis is a first step towards the publication of more sophisticated tools allowing any individual to search old press collections for events, and why not, renew some of our historical knowledge
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Trancart, Vinciane. "Accords et désaccords. Pratiques et représentations de la guitare à Madrid et en Andalousie de 1883 à 1922." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030100/document.
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À la charnière entre les XIXe et XXe siècles, alors que la question de l’identité nationale se pose avec acuité en Espagne, la guitare y est à maintes reprises évoquée comme « l’instrument national ». Ce lieu commun se révèle finalement être un symbole paradoxal d’une identité encore en débat. Tandis que le cliché caricature la réalité en la simplifiant, les pratiques de la guitare se diversifient au contraire pendant la Restauration, en raison des transformations techniques de l’instrument et de l’évolution de la musique populaire, classique et flamenca. La composition en 1920 par Manuel de Falla de la première pièce pour guitare soliste (Hommage à Debussy) et l’organisation du Premier Concours de Cante Jondo à Grenade en 1922 attestent la progressive reconnaissance de l’instrument. Pourtant, la multiplication des imprimés, favorisée par la loi de liberté de la presse (1883), donne lieu à de nombreuses représentations littéraires et plastiques de la guitare qui ne reflètent pas fidèlement ces mutations. Elles mettent surtout en lumière son caractère populaire, andalou, voire flamenco, et sa capacité à imprégner l’imaginaire. Publiées dans des périodiques andalous ou madrilènes, ces œuvres influencent la réception de l’instrument : celui-ci est à la fois apprécié par un public de plus en plus large, méconnu car il est absent des musées et des institutions, et rejeté selon des critères sociaux et moraux en raison de sa présence dans des lieux décriés. Pourtant, même lorsque le stéréotype est contesté, la guitare revêt une dimension symbolique originale, ancrée dans le quotidien, qui se manifeste à travers l’émotion qu’elle susciteDuring the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries, when the question of national identity is continuing to develop in Spain, the guitar is repeatedly mentioned as the “national instrument”. This platitude ultimately proves to be a paradoxical symbol of an identity that is still under debate during this period. While stereotypical descriptions caricature the reality by oversimplifying it, on the contrary, guitar practices diversify during the Restoration, because of technical changes in the instrument and the evolution of folk, classical and flamenco music. The composition in 1920 by Manuel de Falla of the first piece for solo guitar (Homenaje a Debussy) and the organization of the First Contest of the Cante Jondo in Granada in 1922 testify to the gradual recognition of the instrument. Yet the proliferation of printed matter, favored by the freedom of the press law (1883), gives rise to numerous literary and visual representations of the guitar that do not accurately reflect these changes. They mostly bring out its popular, Andalusian and even flamenco character, and its ability to impregnate the imagination. Published in periodicals in Madrid or Andalusia, these works influence the reception of the instrument: it is both appreciated by an increasingly wide audience, disregarded for being absent from museums and institutions, and rejected by social and moral standards because of its presence in decried places. Yet, even when this stereotype is disputed, the guitar takes on an original symbolic dimension, rooted in everyday life, which manifests itself through the emotions it provokes
En la bisagra entre los siglos XIX y XX, cuando la cuestión de la identidad nacional se planteaba con intensidad en España, se aludió muchas veces a la guitarra como el “instrumento nacional”. Este lugar común aparece como un símbolo paradójico de una identidad todavía en debate. Mientras que el cliché caricaturiza la realidad simplificándola, las prácticas de la guitarra, por el contrario, se diversificaron durante la Restauración, debido a las transformaciones técnicas del instrumento y a la evolución de la música popular, clásica y flamenca. La composición en 1920 por Manuel de Falla de la primera obra para una guitarra solista (Homenaje a Debussy) y la organización del Primer Concurso de Cante Jondo en Granada en 1922 dan fe del progresivo reconocimiento del instrumento. Sin embargo, la multiplicación de los impresos, favorecida por la Ley de Policía de Imprenta (1883), dio lugar a numerosas representaciones literarias y plásticas de la guitarra que no reflejaban fielmente esas mutaciones, sino que destacaban, sobre todo, su carácter popular, andaluz e incluso flamenco, y su capacidad de impregnar todo el imaginario colectivo español. Publicadas en periódicos andaluces o madrileños, estas obras influyeron en la recepción del instrumento que, apreciado por un público cada vez más amplio, resultaba también desconocido, por su ausencia en museos e instituciones, al mismo tiempo que era rechazado según criterios sociales y morales por su presencia en lugares considerados deshonrosos. No obstante, incluso cuando se critica el estereotipo, la guitarra posee una dimensión simbólica, enraizada en lo cotidiano, que se manifiesta a través de la emoción que suscita
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Faure, Antoine. "Des(-)ordres journalistiques dans une crise révolutionnaire : chroniques de l'être journalistique chilien durant l'Unité populaire (1970-1973)." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH041/document.
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Comment ont réagi les journalistes à l’élection de Salvador Allende ? Comment le projet de société communément synthétisé dans la « voie chilienne vers le socialisme » a-t-il influé sur le travail journalistique ? Voilà d’où part cette thèse. Elle a finalement interrogé ce qu’a pu signifier « être journaliste » durant ces trois années d’une crise sociale et politique trop souvent réifiée.Autrement dit, de quoi le journalisme est-il le nom au Chili entre 1970 et 1973 ? En cessant de lire l’Unité populaire depuis son résultat traumatique, le coup d’Etat du 11 septembre 1973, et une grille de lecture exclusivement idéologique, apparaissent alors des lignes de continuité (des normalités) et des lignes de fuite (des singularités) dans la pratique du journalisme entre 1970 et 1973, tout comme se dégage la perception normalisée qu’en ont les journalistes dans la spécificité de ce moment historique. L’idée défendue est alors la suivante : lejournalisme est un discours en institutionnalisation permanente qui légitime ses pratiques et ses identités dans son rapport historique au temps de l’actualité. Pour ce faire, le propos articule un travail sur archives de presse croisé à une enquête par entretien non-directifs, le tout enrichi de nombreux documents de l’époque (archives juridiques, revues universitaires, archives des écoles de journalisme, archives des organismes corporatistes, discours politiques, films, disques musicaux) comme de sources de seconde main (études historiques, films, documentaires, témoignages écrits, etc.)How did journalists respond to Salvador Allende’s election? How did the project known as the “Chilean path to socialism” impact on journalists’ work and professional practices? These questions are the background of my PhD dissertation. The dissertation deals with what it meant to be a journalist during this often overly simplified period of three years. What does journalism stand for in Chile between 1970 and 1973? This dissertation departs from standard analyses of the Popular Unity that either centre on its final outcome, the coup on 11 September 1973; or mainly focus on ideology. On the contrary, this dissertation’s analysis highlights both continuity and change in journalists’ professional practices between 1970 and 1973. The dissertation also investigates the norms that underlie these practices in this specific moment of Chilean history. The main argument is thereby the following: journalism is characterized by an ongoing institutionalization which legitimizes professional practices and identities. The dissertation relies on press archives, non-structured interviews and a variety of other data (such as legal archives, academic journals, archives of journalism schools, archives of journalists unions, political speeches, films, music). In addition, the dissertation also uses secondary data, like documentary films and written testimonies
¿Cómo reaccionaron los periodistas a la elección de Salvador Allende? ¿Cómo el proyecto de sociedad comúnmente sintetizado en la “vía chilena hacia el socialismo” influyó en el trabajo periodístico? De ahí parte esa tesis de doctorado. Finalmente, nos interrogamos sobre lo que significó « ser periodista » durante los tres años de una crisis social y política tantas veces cosificada. Dicho de otro modo, ¿de qué periodismo era el nombre en Chile entre 1970 y 1973?Dejando de leer la Unidad Popular desde su resultado traumático, el golpe de Estado del 11 de septiembre de 1973, y desde un enfoque exclusivamente ideológico, aparecen líneas de continuidad (normalidades) y líneas de perspectivas (singularidades) en la práctica del periodismo entre 1970 y 1973, así como se desprende la percepción normalizada que tienen los periodistas de la especificidad del momento histórico. La idea defendida es entonces la siguiente: el periodismoes un discurso que se institucionaliza permanentemente, que legitima sus prácticas y sus identidades en su propia relación histórica al tiempo de la actualidad. Para hacerlo, el propósito articula un trabajo sobre archivos de prensa confrontado a entrevistas no-estructuradas, enriquecido de numerosos documentos de la época (archivos jurídicos, revistas universitarias, archivos de las escuelas de periodismo, archivos del gremio periodístico, discursospolíticos, películas, discos de música) y fuentes de segunda mano (estudios históricos, películas, documentales, testimonios escritos, etc.)
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Loli, Soto Yesenia Pamela. "Un general en el archivo: documental sobre las memorias del año de la intervención militar de Juan Velasco Alvarado en el diario El Comercio, desde su archivo fotográfico." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/18564.
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Hay una historia que une y divide al diario El Comercio y el gobierno de Juan Velasco
Alvarado: la expropiación de los medios de comunicación. Fue un año exacto –que
comenzó el 28 de julio de 1974– en el que el diario más antiguo del país era intervenido
por el gobierno militar, encabezado por Juan Velasco Alvarado, y, a su vez, entregado a
las comunidades campesinas, como parte del llamado proceso de socialización de la
prensa.
En este documental reflexivo se aborda esa historia que une y divide a El
Comercio, en voz de dos actores importantes: el Sindicato Único de Trabajadores y la
familia Miró Quesada o sus trabajadores de confianza. Así, en esta investigación se busca
poner de manifiesto la memoria que aparece en las piezas periodísticas del diario, como
las fotos y portadas. Y, también, las memorias individuales que terminan por generar una
memoria colectiva sobre esta fracción de la historia.
Con las fotos y los testimonios, se construye un documental que también da un
espacio al cuestionamiento de la objetividad periodística, el poder de la memoria sobre
los archivos y el proceso del registro fílmico de periodista a periodista. Además, como
parte de un proyecto de rescate, se destaca la interacción entre la investigadora y las
colecciones que conforman este archivo. En estos espacios saltan otras voces actuales que
ayudan a construir no solo el guion del documental, también refuerzan la idea de cómo el
archivo “debería poner en tela de juicio el porvenir” (Derrida, 1997). Así, no solo es una
historia enmarcada en los setentas, también es un paralelo entre las crisis políticas y
sociales de ese tiempo y el hoy.
Books on the topic "Historical press documents"
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Akaiḍmī, Brāhūʼī, ed. Correspondence between Quaid-e-Azam and people of Balochistan: Historical records documents, press conference and speech's. Quetta: Brahui Academy, 2019.
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Haugen, Peter. Historia del mundo. Bogotá: Norma, 2002.
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Haugen, Peter. World History for Dummies. New York, USA: Hungry Minds, 2001.
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World History For Dummies. New York, USA: Wiley Publishing, 2001.
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Brown, Horatio F. Venetian Printing Press: An Historical Study Based upon Documents for the Most Part Hitherto Unpublished. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
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Brown, Horatio F. Venetian Printing Press. an Historical Study Based upon Documents for the Most Part Hitherto Unpublished. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.
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Brown, Horatio F. The Venetian Printing Press: An Historical Study Based Upon Documents for the Most Part Hitherto Unpublished. Franklin Classics, 2018.
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Brown, Horatio F. The Venetian Printing Press. An Historical Study Based Upon Documents for the Most Part Hitherto Unpublished. Franklin Classics, 2018.
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Brown, Horatio F. The Venetian Printing Press: An Historical Study Based Upon Documents for the Most Part Hitherto Unpublished. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.
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Brown, Horatio F. The Venetian Printing Press: An Historical Study Based Upon Documents for the Most Part Hitherto Unpublished. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Historical press documents"
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Guo, Yi. "The Empty Phrase and Popular Ignorance." In Freedom of the Press in China. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463726115_ch05.
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This chapter begins by tracing the expressions of press freedom in Chinese constitutional documents from the 1910s to the 1940s. Even though the concept was enshrined in the Chinese Constitution, it was an empty phrase in practice. The chapter also examines how the concept of press freedom was covered in school textbooks during that period, showing that principles of press freedom were mentioned briefly but incoherently and were not taught well in classrooms. The chapter then illustrates the indifferent attitude of the Chinese public towards press freedom by scrutinizing conversations recorded in diaries and historical details published in newspapers at that time as well as the violence that would often be directed against newspapermen trying to exercise their right to a free press.
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Hakkarainen, Heidi, and Zuhair Iftikhar. "The Many Themes of Humanism: Topic Modelling Humanism Discourse in Early 19th-Century German-Language Press." In Digital Histories: Emergent Approaches within the New Digital History, 259–77. Helsinki University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33134/hup-5-15.
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Topic modelling is often described as a text-mining tool for conducting a study of hidden semantic structures of a text or a text corpus by extracting topics from a document or a collection of documents. Yet, instead of one singular method, there are various tools for topic modelling that can be utilised for historical research. Dynamic topic models, for example, are often constructed temporally year by year, which makes it possible to track and analyse the ways in which topics change over time. This chapter provides a case example on topic modelling historical primary sources. The chapter uses two tools to carry out topic modelling, MALLET and Dynamic Topic Model (DTM), in one dataset, containing texts from the early 19th-century German-language press which have been subjected to optical character recognition (OCR). All of these texts were discussing humanism, which was a newly emerging concept before mid-century, gaining various meanings in the public discourse before, during and after the 1848–1849 revolutions. Yet, these multiple themes and early interpretations of humanism in the press have been previously under-studied. By analysing the evolution of the topics between 1829 and 1850, this chapter aims to shed light on the change of the discourse surrounding humanism in the early 19th-century German-speaking Europe.
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Keating, Carla Mereu. "A ‘delirium tremens’: Italian-language film versions and early dubbings by Paramount, MGM, and Fox (1930–3)." In The Translation of Films, 1900-1950, 151–76. British Academy, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266434.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter sheds new light on the strategies that Paramount, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and Fox developed in the early 1930s to target the Italian-speaking market. It documents how the Italian government, local film traders, and the press responded to the majors’ Italian-language production during a critical turning point for the national film industry. The chapter draws on a range of historical records (diplomatic, censorship and administrative state documents, film prints, press reviews, and other publicity materials) from Italian and North-American archives. The findings show that the majors’ experiments with Italian dubbing and versioning were not always successful and elicited ambivalent responses in Italy; the findings also demonstrate the gradual emergence of dubbing as the most commercially viable solution for both the US majors and the Italian establishment. Incongruities in the archival records, and the scarcity of surviving film prints, pose interpretative problems and call for further empirical research in the field.
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Poos, L. R. "‘It Would Be a Pity Not to Complete the History’." In Love, Hate, and the Law in Tudor England, 243–86. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192865113.003.0006.
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Abstract The stories of Roger and Ralph Rishton had a long afterlife, as they continued to be reshaped and repurposed by local antiquarians and the provincial press. The Rishton family faded from local prominence in the later Tudor and Stuart periods, owing mainly to their recusancy, which in turn was a reflection of the continuing strength of Catholic conviction in post-Reformation Lancashire and eventually caused them to lose their estates during the English Civil War. From the seventeenth to the nineteenth century, Lancashire antiquarians sought, copied, and preserved documents from gentry family histories and began to retell Rishton stories. The vast expansion of the provincial press in the Victorian and Edwardian eras created a new outlet for local history, as newspapers featured columns with revolving repertoires of stories rooted in locality, consciously engendering a sense of historical place for their readerships, and stories about Roger and Ralph were recurring chapters in east Lancashire papers. This retrospective examination of the Rishton stories’ afterlife ends with reflection upon the power of those stories and their continual repurposing, culminating in a poem from the later twentieth century exemplifying their lasting appeal.
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"The Mark Twain Project Online: Authoritative Texts, Documents, and Historical Research. Oakland: California Digital Library and University of California Press, 2007–2013." In The Journal of the European Society for Textual Scholarship, 252–54. Brill | Rodopi, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789401212113_019.
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Smolyaninova, Marina G. "The role of the Moscow Slavophils in the release of Bulgaria from the Ottoman yoke." In Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878: Hopes – Vicissitudes – Lessons, 135–62. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences; Rudomino Library for Foreign Literature, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0447-3.06.
Full textAbstract:
In 1396 the Ottomans occupied Bulgaria. It disappeared from the world map, becoming part of the Ottoman Empire. In the XIX century Russian society contributed to the spiritual revival of the Bulgarian people. I.S.Aksakovbelieved that Russia should help not only the spiritual revival of the Bulgarians, but also the acquisition of political freedom, lost in the XIV century.On April 12, 1877, Emperor Alexander II declared war on Turkey. At the cost of enormous human sacrifice, the Russian people freed Bulgaria from slavery, which, after 500 years of non-existence, reappeared on the world map. In the modern press, it can be observed that Russia's role in the liberation of Bulgaria from the Turkish yoke is reappraising. Some scholars believe that the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878 was not liberating, but conquering, occupying. The article refutes the opinion of false scientists who seek to distort the truth based on archival documents, as well as on the testimonies of eyewitnesses of historical events (including the testimonies of Bulgarian writers of that time - Petko Rachev Slaveykov, Ilya Blyskov, Vasil Drumyov, Ivan Vazov and others). Ivan Vazov called the Russian soldiers "Knights of Good." P.R. Slaveykov wrote: "Russia has given us freedom with its blood."
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Bountzouklis, Christos, Dennis Michael Fox, and Elena Di Bernardino. "Fire cause classification of undetermined fires in southeastern France." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1106–12. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_167.
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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) covers around 60% of Poland's forests. Pine stands are considered as fire prone, which exposes a large area of forests to the risk of fire ignition and spread. This is confirmed by the statistics, among which Poland belongs to the group of European countries where forest fires occur most often. In addition, the most common cause of fires is deliberate arson. The contemporary fire pattern in lowland forests in Poland is characterised by a large number of fires with a small burnt area. Understanding historical fire regime is important for the correct assessment of contemporary phenomena. However, compared to boreal or Mediterranean biomes, the characteristics of historical forest fires in Poland are not well researched. To fill this knowledge gap, a review of national thematic literature and historical documents was carried out. There is a limited literature describing a historical fire situation and just few studies have quantified the historical frequency of forest fires. Documentary records are often incomplete, both in time and space. In our research, to better understand the forest fire history paradigm, we took a holistic approach, integrating data from archives, historical sources (research literature and handbooks), press reports, scientific papers, and existing fire databases. An attempt to reconstruct the history of forest fires was carried out for Poland, considering that the modern borders were established in 1945. The reconstruction of fire event chronology and statistics (annual number of fires and burnt area) is presented, which will give a picture of this phenomenon in its various aspects, including periodisation in the decades, with particular emphasis on the 20th and 21st centuries. This research allowed for the reconstruction of fire statistics in the period from 1920 to the present day. Due to historical conditions, the data for the period 1920-1945 are incomplete, mainly the information on the number of fires is unavailable. The available data show that at least 210,000 ha of forests were burnt during this period. In the years 1946-2020 in Polish forests 342,204 fires occurred, as a result of which 407,093 ha were burnt. The largest number of forest fires (17,088) was recorded in 2003, while the largest area was burnt in 1992 (43,755 ha). On an annual average, in the years 1946-2020 there were 4,562 fires on an area of 5,428 ha, and the area of a single fire was 1.19 ha. In the analysed period, it was observed that the largest number of fires occurred in the decade of 2001-2010 (approx. 9.4 thousand per year), and the largest area of fires in the decade of 1991-2000 (approx. 11 thousand ha per year). The average area of a single fire decreased from 2.35 ha in the decade of 1951-1960 to 0.44 in the last decade. It is the first such complete study of the history of fires in Poland and it may establish the basis for further work on understanding the fire regime of Central European lowland forests.
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Doolan, Paul M. M. "Breaking the Silence." In Collective Memory and the Dutch East Indies. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463728744_ch04.
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During the 1960s, television allowed historian Loe de Jong to shape a collective memory of the Dutch as heroes who suffered German barbarism during the Occupation. Thus, decolonization was unremembered. In 1969, a VARA television interview with veteran Joop Hueting caused a public outcry by detailing Dutch atrocities during decolonization. The official inquiry that followed, and the decision to publish a collection of official documents, only furthered the process of unremembering. Hueting’s interview inspired some veterans to pen realistic novels of the conflict, as well as the first academic study of Dutch mass violence. The role of the press was ambiguous. Historians failed to engage with the subject, but the public television broadcaster VPRO aired a serious documentary about decolonization in 1976.
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Abir, Janina Islam, and Tanbir Farhad Shamim. "What Compels Journalists to Take a Step Back?" In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 38–53. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1298-2.ch003.
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Reports by international organizations suggest that physical violence and threats against journalists and bloggers continued with impunity in Bangladesh, resulting in the country being ranked as 146 in the World Press Freedom Index 2018. Considering the increasing incidents of violence against journalists and attacks on media freedom, this chapter specifically aims to shed light on Bangladeshi laws and policies, which are related to media freedom and to protect media from crime against journalists. Relying on Beata Rozumilowicz's concept of media reform and stages of media reform, the study urges that Bangladesh is in under the rule of democratic rule for years that symbolizes the primary transition stage. However, the enactment of statutes on digital media, access to information, defamation, and so on epitomize the pre-transition stage of the media reform concept. Hence, the study questions the legal and media structure of Bangladesh with the historical and document analysis of laws and policies.
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Wengrow, David. "Conclusion." In The Origins of Monsters. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691159041.003.0008.
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This book concludes with a discussion of the emergent properties of cognition. It first considers an essay published in 1942 by Rudolph Wittkower entitled “Marvels of the East: A Study in the History of Monsters,” which documented the transmission of a particular style of ethnographic description (and depiction) from its earliest known sources in hand-copied manuscripts of the fourth century BC to the age of the printing press. The monsters in question fall mostly under this book's definition of “composites.” The book proceeds by examining how the counterfactual properties of composite figures were offset against two distinct forms of intuitive knowledge, one universal and the other historically contingent. It suggests that the specific distribution of composite figures in the visual record must be situated within the institutional dynamics of elite culture, and within particular strategies of governance that first took root during the Bronze Age, including the dissemination of officially sanctioned images through mechanical reproduction.
Conference papers on the topic "Historical press documents"
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Stojanović, Jelica. "IDENTITET I „PREVREDNOVANjE” SRPSKE FILOLOGIJE U CRNOJ GORI." In IDENTITETSKE promene: srpski jezik i književnost u doba tranzicije. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Edaucatin in Jagodina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/zip21.145s.
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The paper analyses, from historical point of view, both spiritual and cultural heritage of Montenegro, i.e. language, alphabet, written monuments, compared to the way things stand in Montenegro today. The analysed documents have shown that the language used in Montenegro throughout history has always been named and considered as Serbian and that the alphabet used in official documents and press has always been Serbian cyrilic. Contrary to such a legacy, in the past two decades there have been attempts to replace the Serbian character of language and culture with the Montenegrin one.
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Rubenis, Rudolfs. "Possibilities to Obtain Higher Education in Germany for Latvian Baltic German Students." In 79th International Scientific Conference of University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2021.91.
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With the formation of the Parliamentary Republic of Latvia in the early 1920s, higher education in Latvia underwent the changes that affected the Baltic Germans. The necessity to obtain higher education in the Latvian language was perceived with mixed feelings, and the interest in the establishment and development of the University of Latvia (UL) and involvement in the reorganisation of the Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI) went hand in hand with the reluctance to accept the full Latvianization of higher education. In the circumstances, the students used contacts established by their student corporations and sought for higher education in Germany, where it could be obtained in German but later equated to the higher education obtained in Latvia. Thus, the aim of the article is to evaluate the possibilities for the Baltic German students from the parliamentary state of Latvia (1920–1934) to study in German universities. The research is based on the documents of UL and Baltic German student corporations from the Latvian State Historical Archive (LVVA), Baltic German student corporation press (journals and anniversary books) kept in the UL Library, UL activity reports (1924–1931) stored in UL Museum history collection and available research on the Baltic German minority in the Parliamentary Republic of Latvia. The study showed that during the parliamentary period, the Latvian Baltic Germans used the state granted minority rights to find alternative ways to obtain higher education in German. The parliamentary system did not discriminate against the Baltic Germans for their use of the German language and allowed them to study in Germany but demanded that their diplomas be equated with the diploma obtained at the UL. The contacts established by student corporations helped Baltic German students to better integrate into the German study environment offering accommodation on the premises of student corporations in Germany. At the same time, additional knowledge through lectures on the political situation of Baltic Germans in the parliamentary state of Latvia did not allow them losing their historical connection with the Baltic region.
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Calisi, Daniele, Maria Grazia Cianci, and Francesca Geremia. "Strumenti contemporanei a servizio del passato: il quartiere della Suburra a Roma tra storia e attualità." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8008.
Full textAbstract:
Questo scritto illustra il risultato di 3 anni di sperimentazioni e ricerche svolte in un’area urbana
di prioritaria importanza nella formazione della città di Roma troppo spesso, in ragione della sua
posizione non baricentrica rispetto all’attuale centro storico, trascurato dagli studi di settore.
L’area presa in esame è stata una porzione del centro storico: uno stralcio del rione Monti, noto
storicamente con il toponimo Suburra; nel dettaglio quella parte del Rione rimasta inclusa fra la
via Panisperna, la via Cavour e via dei Fori Imperiali, che ha conservato in modo più autentico
le caratteristiche del tessuto storico originario. La ricerca ha quindi attivato un processo di
conoscenza della città intesa come approfondimento e analisi delle trasformazioni urbane
attraverso l’indagine storico-archivistica, la lettura delle cartografie e dei documenti, lo studio
tipologico, il controllo strutturale delle architetture messo in relazione alla conformazione
geomorfologica del territorio ed alle trasformazioni subite dal tessuto edilizio. Contestualmente
all’applicazione e verifica dei dati raccolti attraverso il rilievo e la sistematizzazione grafica. Per
rendere più accessibile ed immediata la lettura di questo processo si è scelto di utilizzare la
modellazione 3D per comunicare efficacemente e rendere agevole il confronto tra le successive
epoche col fine di accogliere e dare una risposta innovativa alle istanze richieste
dall’applicazione delle ICT nella documentazione del Cultural Heritage (Horizon 2020 - ICT for
digital content and creativity). La modellazione, resa possibile dall’integrazione dei dati
desumibili dalle fonti con il rilievo diretto, è stata estesa all’intera area oggetto di studio e si è
soffermata sulla ricomposizione di determinati momenti della time-line. This paper shows the results of 3 years of research developped on a urban area of priority
importance in the formation of the city of Rome, too often overlooked by the sector’s studies
because of its not barycentric position in comparison to the actual historical center. The area is
an excerpt of the Rione Monti, historically known with the toponym Suburra; in detail that Rione portion included among via Panisperna, via Cavour and via dei Fori Imperiali, which has
preserved the original historic fabric characteristics.
The research has then enabled a process of knowledge of the city meant as analysis of urban
transformation through the historical-archival investigation, the maps and documents reading,
the typological study, the architecture's structural control, all correlated to the geomorphological
conformation of the territory and the urban farbic transformations. With the simultaneous
application and the collected data examination through the survey and the graphic
systematization.
To make the reading of this process more accessible and immediate it has been chosen to use
the 3D modeling to communicate and facilitate the comparison between the successive eras in
order to receive and give a innovative response to the instances required by the application of
ICT in the documentation of Cultural Heritage (Horizon 2020 - ICT for digital content and
creativity). Modeling, possible by the integration of the data produced from the sources with the
direct relief, was extended to the entire studied area and it’s been focused on the reconstruction
of certain moments of the timeline.
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Moreno Osuna, Sònia. "Avaluació ambiental estratègica: estudi del cas POUM de Besalú." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7580.
Full textAbstract:
Segons la legislació vigent a Catalunya, cal fer un procés d’avaluació ambiental de plans i programes públics, com a eina de prevenció, que permeti integrar els aspectes ambientals en la presa de decisions. Els plans d’ordenació urbanística municipal queden inclosos com a plans públics i han de tenir en compte l’execució d’aquesta avaluació ambiental i, concretament, les actuacions i la documentació que exigeix la normativa vigent (article 7 de la Llei 9/2006, de 28 d’abril, sobre l’avaluació dels efectes de determinats plans i programes sobre el medi ambient).
El Pla d’ordenació urbanística municipal (en endavant, POUM) de Besalú, 2007, ha tingut, com a instrument d’avaluació ambiental, l’Informe de sostenibilitat ambiental (en endavant, ISA), el qual té per objectiu oferir un seguit de criteris sostenibles que serveixin de base per al desenvolupament urbanístic del municipi, basant-se en la integració dels principis de sostenibilitat establerts pel Decret 305/2006, la Llei estatal 9/2006, la Directiva 2001/42/CE i la nova Llei d’avaluació ambiental de plans i programes (AAPP) de Catalunya, aprovada pel Parlament de Catalunya el 15 d’abril de 2009.
La Llei d’urbanisme i el seu Reglament es pronuncien clarament a favor d’un desenvolupament urbanístic sostenible, sobre la base de la utilització racional del territori, per compatibilitzar el creixement i el dinamisme econòmic necessaris amb la cohesió social, el respecte al medi ambient i la qualitat de vida de les generacions actuals i futures.
Segons la Directiva 2001/42/CE, els elements ambientals de sostenibilitat que ha d’incorporar un Pla d’ordenació urbanística municipal s’han d’integrar des del primer moment en la presa de decisions que comporta la formulació del planejament. Per aquest motiu, és necessari fixar uns objectius ambientals, que són els següents:
* Diagnòstic ambiental del territori.
* Fixació d’objectius ambientals.
* Determinació d’indicadors del compliment dels objectius marcats.
* Incorporació dels objectius ambientals en les determinacions del planejament: d’ordenació, de normatives, de programació i de finançament.
* Validació del compliment dels objectius establerts.
* Mesures de desplegament i de seguiment.
Segons l’art. 3.1 del Decret legislatiu 1/2005, de 26 de juliol, d’urbanisme, s’entén per principi de sostenibilitat relacionat amb el planejament urbanístic: “El desenvolupament urbanístic sostenible es defineix com la utilització racional del territori i el medi ambient i comporta conjuminar les necessitats de creixement amb la preservació dels recursos naturals i dels valors paisatgístics, arqueològics, històrics i culturals, a fi de garantir la qualitat de vida de les generacions presents i futures”.
Aquest estudi de cas vol destacar la importància que va tenir l’anàlisi ambiental i l’avaluació de les característiques socioambientals més significatives dels nous sectors de creixement proposats i de les àrees objecte de modificació i/o transformació, així com les del seu context territorial immediat (mesura requerida al document de referència, emès per l’òrgan ambiental competent: “Oficina territorial d’avaluació ambiental estratègica de Girona”), per tal de justificar l’ordenació urbanística d’acord amb uns criteris urbanístics i socioambientals sostenibles. Strategic environmental evaluation: Case study, Urban Plan, POUM Besalú (Catalonia). According to the existing legislation in Catalonia it is necessary as a preventative method to carry out a process of environmental evaluation for planning and for public programmes which would allow for the integration of environment issues in the decision making processes. The urban town plans are considered to be public plans and therefore they must take into account this environmental evaluation. In particular they must consider the necessary actions as well as the specific documentation which the existing regulation requires (article 7 of the 9/2006 Regulation of 28 April relating to the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment).
As an instrument for environmental evaluation, the Urban Town Plan (POUM) Besalú 2007, has done a report on environmental sustainability, (ISA). The objective of this report is to offer a series of sustainable criterion which serve as a basis for the town planning development, basing itself upon the integration of the sustainable principals established in: The 305/2006 Decree, the State Legislation 9/2006, the Directive 2001/42/CE and the blueprint of the Catalan Environmental Evaluation Legislation for Plans and Programmes (AAPP).
The urbanistic Legislation and its Regulations indicate to be clearly in favour of a sustainable urban development based upon the rational use of land in order to create compatibility between growth and the necessary economic dynamism together with social cohesion, respect towards the environment and the quality of life of the present and future generations.
According to the Directive 2001/42/CE, the sustainable environmental elements which ought to be incorporated into the Urban Town Plan need to be integrated from the beginning of the decision making process which is required in the establishing of the general layout plan. For this reason it is necessary to establish the following environmental objectives:
* Environmental diagnosis of the site.
* Establishment of environmental objectives.
* Setting up of pointers for compliance of the established objectives.
* Incorporation of environmental objectives in the setting up of town plans, regulations, programming and financing.
* Verification of compliance with established objectives.
* Deployment measures and follow up.
According to the Town Planning article 3.1 of the Legislative Decree 1/2005 dated 26 July, the concept of sustainability related to urban layout is understood as the following: ”Sustainable urban development is defined as the rational use of land and the environment and it involves the combination of the needs of expansion with the preservation of natural resources while taking into consideration landscape, arqueological, historic and cultural values with the intention of guaranteeing the quality of life of present and future generations.”
This case study wishes to highlight the importance of the environmental analysis and the evaluation of the most important social-environmental characteristics in the new sectors of proposed growth and in the areas subject to modification and/or transformation the same as those in the immediate territorial context(this measure is required in the reference Document emited by the appropriate environmental body “Girona Land strategic environmental evaluation Office”) in order to justify the urban plan in accordance with urbanistic and sustainable social-environmental criterion.
Reports on the topic "Historical press documents"
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Halych, Valentyna. SERHII YEFREMOV’S COOPERATION WITH THE WESTERN UKRAINIAN PRESS: MEMORIAL RECEPTION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11055.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the study is the cooperation of S. Efremov with Western Ukrainian periodicals as a page in the history of Ukrainian journalism which covers the relationship of journalists and scientists of Eastern and Western Ukraine at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Research methods (biographical, historical, comparative, axiological, statistical, discursive) develop the comprehensive disclosure of the article. As a result of scientific research, the origins of Ukrainocentrism in the personality of S. Efremov were clarified; his person as a public figure, journalist, publisher, literary critic is multifaceted; taking into account the specifics of the memoir genre and with the involvement of the historical context, the turning points in the destiny of the author of memoirs are interpreted, revealing cooperation with Western Ukrainian magazines and newspapers. The publications ‘Zoria’, ‘Narod’, ‘Pravda’, ‘Bukovyna’, ‘Dzvinok’, are secretly got into sub-Russian Ukraine, became for S. Efremov a spiritual basis in understanding the specifics of the national (Ukrainian) mass media, ideas of education in culture of Ukraine at the end of XIX century, its territorial integrity, and state independence. Memoirs of S. Efremov on cooperation with the iconic Galician journals ‘Notes of the Scientific Society after the name Shevchenko’ and ‘Literary-Scientific Bulletin’, testify to an important stage in the formation of the author’s worldview, the expansion of the genre boundaries of his journalism, active development as a literary critic. S. Yefremov collaborated most fruitfully and for a long time with the Literary-Scientific Bulletin, and he was impressed by the democratic position of this publication. The author’s comments reveal a long-running controversy over the publication of a review of the new edition of Kobzar and thematically related discussions around his other literary criticism, in which the talent of the demanding critic was forged. S. Efremov steadfastly defended the main principles of literary criticism: objectivity and freedom of author’s thought. The names of the allies of the Ukrainian idea L. Skochkovskyi, O. Lototskyi, O. Konyskyi, P. Zhytskyi, M. Hrushevskyi in S. Efremov’s memoirs unfold in multifaceted portrait descriptions and function as historical and cultural facts that document the pages of the author’s biography, record his activities in space and time. The results of the study give grounds to characterize S. Efremov as the first professional Ukrainian-speaking journalist.
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Hendricks, Kasey. Data for Alabama Taxation and Changing Discourse from Reconstruction to Redemption. University of Tennessee, Knoxville Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/wdyvftwo4u.
Full textAbstract:
At their most basic level taxes carry, in the words of Schumpeter ([1918] 1991), “the thunder of history” (p. 101). They say something about the ever-changing structures of social, economic, and political life. Taxes offer a blueprint, in both symbolic and concrete terms, for uncovering the most fundamental arrangements in society – stratification included. The historical retellings captured within these data highlight the politics of taxation in Alabama from 1856 to 1901, including conflicts over whom money is expended upon as well as struggles over who carries their fair share of the tax burden. The selected timeline overlaps with the formation of five of six constitutions adopted in the State of Alabama, including 1861, 1865, 1868, 1875, and 1901. Having these years as the focal point makes for an especially meaningful case study, given how much these constitutional formations made the state a site for much political debate. These data contain 5,121 pages of periodicals from newspapers throughout the state, including: Alabama Sentinel, Alabama State Intelligencer, Alabama State Journal, Athens Herald, Daily Alabama Journal, Daily Confederation, Elyton Herald, Mobile Daily Tribune, Mobile Tribune, Mobile Weekly Tribune, Morning Herald, Nationalist, New Era, Observer, Tuscaloosa Observer, Tuskegee News, Universalist Herald, and Wilcox News and Pacificator. The contemporary relevance of these historical debates manifests in Alabama’s current constitution which was adopted in 1901. This constitution departs from well-established conventions of treating the document as a legal framework that specifies a general role of governance but is firm enough to protect the civil rights and liberties of the population. Instead, it stands more as a legislative document, or procedural straightjacket, that preempts through statutory material what regulatory action is possible by the state. These barriers included a refusal to establish a state board of education and enact a tax structure for local education in addition to debt and tax limitations that constrained government capacity more broadly. Prohibitive features like these are among the reasons that, by 2020, the 1901 Constitution has been amended nearly 1,000 times since its adoption. However, similar procedural barriers have been duplicated across the U.S. since (e.g., California’s Proposition 13 of 1978). Reference: Schumpeter, Joseph. [1918] 1991. “The Crisis of the Tax State.” Pp. 99-140 in The Economics and Sociology of Capitalism, edited by Richard Swedberg. Princeton University Press.