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1
Mug̲h̲al poetry, its cultural and historical value. Delhi: Aakar Books, 2008.
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Konwar, Sikhamoni. Historical and socio-cultural aspects of North-East India. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd., 2016.
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Traviglia, Arianna, Lucio Milano, Cristina Tonghini, and Riccardo Giovanelli. Stolen Heritage Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Heritage in the EU and the MENA Region. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-517-9.
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It is a well-known fact that organized crime has developed into an international network that, spanning from the simple ‘grave diggers’ up to powerful and wealthy white-collar professionals, makes use of money laundering, fraud and forgery. This criminal chain, ultimately, damages and dissipates our cultural identity and, in some cases, even fosters terrorism or civil unrest through the illicit trafficking of cultural property.The forms of ‘possession’ of Cultural Heritage are often blurred; depending on the national legislation of reference, the ownership and trade of historical and artistic assets of value may be legitimate or not. Criminals have always exploited these ambiguities and managed to place on the Art and Antiquities market items resulting from destruction or looting of museums, monuments and archaeological areas. Thus, over the years, even the most renowned museum institutions have - more or less consciously - hosted in their showcases cultural objects of illicit origin. Looting, thefts, illicit trade, and clandestine exports are phenomena that affect especially those countries rich in historical and artistic assets. That includes Italy, which has seen its cultural heritage plundered over the centuries ending up in public and private collections worldwide.This edited volume features ten papers authored by international experts and professionals actively involved in Cultural Heritage protection. Drawing from the experience of the Conference Stolen Heritage (Venice, December 2019), held in the framework of the NETCHER project, the book focuses on illicit trafficking in Cultural Property under a multidisciplinary perspective.The articles look at this serious issue and at connected crimes delving into a variety of fields. The essays especially expand on European legislation regulating import, export, trade and restitution of cultural objects; conflict antiquities and cultural heritage at risk in the Near and Middle East; looting activities and illicit excavations in Italy; the use of technologies to counter looting practices.The volume closes with two papers specifically dedicated to the thorny ethical issues arising from the publication of unprovenanced archaeological objects, and the relevance of accurate communication and openness about such topics.
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Stanišić, Miško. The Holocaust, European values and local history: Local archives in the European historical and cultural mosaic. Novi Sad: Arhiv Vojvodine, 2021.
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Volodina, Larisa. Family harmony, or the values of family education in Russia. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1817281.
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The leading idea of the monograph is the idea of the unity of national priorities in the field of values of family education on the territory of the Russian Federation and the place of the region in its formation. Russian Russian peasant family values formation process in the second half of the XIX — early XX century is presented: in its historical and cultural context in the aspect of correlation with the stages of development of the Russian state; in its historical and pedagogical context in the aspect of correlation with the value priorities
of education in the Russian peasant family, which determined the essence and content of the family way.
The grounds for the representation of the North-Western region of Russia as significant in the formation of values of family education are revealed. The social conditionality of the process of development of traditional values of upbringing in the Russian peasant family is shown, provided by the coordinated actions of social institutions significant in a certain historical period: the state, pedagogical science, the socio-pedagogical movement, religion, the peasant community. The mechanisms
of their translation of the values of upbringing in the Russian peasant family are revealed.
It is addressed to a wide range of readers interested in the history of their region. It can be used in the implementation of basic educational programs of primary, basic, secondary general (vocational) education as the basis of educational work within the framework of educational, extracurricular activities of students; studying courses on the theory of education in the system of professional development of teaching staff; development of legislative and regulatory acts regulating issues of marriage and family relations.
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Pelke, Eberhard, and Eugen Brühwiler, eds. Engineering History and Heritage Structures – Viewpoints and Approaches. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed015.
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The present Structural Engineering Document (SED) is a compilation of contributions devoted to the vast topic of history of structural engineering as well as interventions on heritage structures and structures of high cultural values. Various, some-times opposed, viewpoints and approaches are expressed and presented. The rather heterogeneous and controversial nature of the content of this SED shall stimulate lively discus-sions within the structural engineering community who needs to increase the awareness of historical and cultural aspects of structures and structural engineering. Current structural engineering methods and practice are only at the very begin-ning of effective engineering, really integrating historical and cultural aspects in the assessment of existing structures and in intervention projects to adapt or modify structures of cultural values for future demands. Knowing the past is indispensable for modern structural engineering!
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Litvinova, Margarita. Socio-cultural dynamics of mass celebrations and spectacles. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1868937.
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The monograph is devoted to understanding the phenomenon of mass celebrations and spectacles from the modern theoretical positions of philosophy and cultural studies. Aspects of the essential content, structure and functional components of mass actions are considered. The analysis of the cultural and historical dynamics of mass holidays and spectacles in the context of the opposition "people - power" is carried out, the role and place of mass holidays and spectacles in the system of cultural values of Russia are determined.
For a wide range of readers interested in the phenomenon of mass celebrations and spectacles. It can be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of philosophical and cultural universities and faculties.
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Satarova, Lyudmila, Natal'ya Styuflyaeva, Liliya Shkurat, Nataliya Grechushkina, Natal'ya Uglova, Natal'ya Nikol'skaya, Ol'ga Golotvina, Oksana Grigorova, and Elena Popova. The artistic world of M.A. Sholokhov: a new context of understanding. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1214582.
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The textbook discusses the current problems of modern scholastic studies, due to the new general cultural context that has developed over the past decades. The problem of the identity of the resurgent Cossacks is revealed depending on its adequate perception and development of the historical and cultural heritage of the past, drawing lessons from it. The work of M.A. Sholokhov is presented as part of the Russian world, which arose on the basis of traditional Orthodox Christian values.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is addressed to philology students, university teachers, Cossack and cadet classes, graduate students, undergraduates, students of humanities faculties, teachers of literature, as well as anyone interested in the history and culture of the Cossacks.
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Hadda, Lamia, ed. Médina. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-248-5.
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Dedicated to the medina in the Mediterranean space, this book is essentially based on detailed historical and photographic research into the characteristics of city design and its evolution, as well as some case studies from direct experience. The main objective of the present study consists of its documentary and evocative value, without forgetting the analysis of the multiple architectural spaces with monumental complexes of extraordinary cultural importance arranged according to precise hierarchies and specific uses. The research summarises the different experiences from this immense Arab-Muslim architectural heritage and its urban evolution. These aspects are expressed both by the large number of case studies (from Cordoba to Palermo, passing through Fez, Séfrou, Marrakech and Tunis) as well as by the quality of the built spaces as a whole. The several contributions show an urban framework that is still legible and significant, consisting of grids of houses with forms, structures and functions that show a concentration of spaces, places and monuments stratified over time and developed in the Mediterranean countries, producing extremely diverse situations.
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Papayani, Fedor, Evgeniy Chernyy, Sergey Chukin, Aleksandr Irhin, Petr Pashkovskiy, Arus Gabrielyan, Aleksey Shorkin, et al. Man and his enlightenment: ideas, projects, practice. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1196455.
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After the collapse of the USSR, Russia is in a state of crisis. The population of the country remembers its past, but does not know what its future will be. The old scale of values is no longer working, and the new one has not yet developed. The crisis affected all the main sectors of the country's life, including education. The continuity of generations was under threat. The situation is aggravated by the external expansion of the initiators of the next redistribution of the world. As a" Trojan horse", they impose values that are alien to us, aimed at destroying the cultural code of Russia, at breaking the connection between generations. Youth, deprived of social immunity, quite easily enters the path of corruption and perversion, destroying itself and the world around it. The authors of the stated monograph, in search of a worthy answer to the historical challenge of Russia, turn to those who are concerned about the fate of the Fatherland and on whom the future of our Motherland depends.
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Conservation Study Institute (U.S.), Atlantic Center for the Environment, and Shelburne Farms (Shelburne, Vt.), eds. International concepts in protected landscapes: Exploring their value for communities in the Northeast : proceedings of a Public Forum and Workshop on Landscape Stewardship, 18 June 1999, Shelburne Farms, Shelburne, Vermont, USA ; co-sponsored by Conservation Study Institute, QLF/Atlantic Center for the Environment, Shelburne Farms ; in cooperation with Marsh-Billings-Rockfeller National Historical Park ... [et al.]. Woodstock, Vt: Conservation Study Institute, 2001.
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Public Forum and Workshop on Landscape Stewardship (1999 Shelburne, Vt.). International concepts in protected landscapes: Exploring their value for communities in the Northeast : proceedings of a Public Forum and Workshop on Landscape Stewardship, 18 June 1999, Shelburne Farms, Shelburne, Vermont, USA ; co-sponsored by Conservation Study Institute, QLF/Atlantic Center for the Environment, Shelburne Farms ; in cooperation with Marsh-Billings-Rockfeller National Historical Park ... [et al.]. Woodstock, Vt: Conservation Study Institute, 2001.
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Alent'eva, Tat'yana. Public opinion in the United States on the eve of the Civil war (1850-1861), was. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1068789.
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The monograph first examines American public opinion as a major factor of social and political life in the period of the maturing of the Civil war (1861-1865 gg.). Special value it is given by the study of the struggle in the South and in the North, consideration of the process of formation of two socio-cultural models.
On the wide canvas of the socio-economic and political history in the monograph analyses the state and development of public opinion in the United States, sequentially from the compromise of 1850, a small civil war in Kansas, the uprising of John brown, of the maturing of "inevitable conflict," the secession of the southern States to the formation of the southern Confederacy and the Civil war. Reveals a fierce struggle, which was accompanied by the adoption of the compromise Kansas-Nebraska and the Supreme court decision in the Dred Scott case of 1857, which annulled the action of the famous Missouri compromise. Special attention is paid to the formation of the Republican party and the presidential elections of 1856 and 1860
Shown, as were incitement to hatred between citizens of the same country, which were used propaganda and manipulative techniques. The totality of facts gleaned from primary sources, especially the materials about these manipulations give an opportunity to look behind the scenes politics that led to the outbreak of the Civil war in the United States, a deeper understanding of its causes.
For students of historical faculties and departments of sociology and political Sciences, and anyone interested in American history.
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Spiridonova, Lydia A., ed. The Global Value of M. Gorky. А.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/978-5-9208-0633-8.
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Maxim Gorky was one of the key figures of the twentieth century. In many coun- tries of the world: in the USA and Canada, Italy and Germany, China and Japan — Gorky is not only considered a world-class writer, but is also called one of the intel- lectual leaders of his time, whose voice the whole world listened to. In this work on an unknown archival material disclosed the global value of the writer’s personality and work, the influence of his philosophical and aesthetic views on the literature of other countries, his diverse ties with foreign writers, politicians, philosophers and artists. Gorky’s life and work are presented on a broad historical and philosophical background, which allows a new interpretation of such cardinal problems of the cen- tury as the assessment of wars and revolutions, social movements and literary move- ments. On the 150th anniversary of the birth of M. Gorky. The book is intended for philologists, historians, cultural scientists, as well as for a wide range of readers.
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Maarleveld, Thijs J. Ethics, Underwater Cultural Heritage, and International Law. Edited by Ben Ford, Donny L. Hamilton, and Alexis Catsambis. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199336005.013.0040.
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Maritime archaeology has given rise to quite a few issues. The meaning of heritage for the society has undergone changes, and thus, ethical discussion has evolved, which is discussed in this article. Archaeological discourses include a historical review that is helpful in understanding how insights have developed. Archaeology is not uniform and archaeological heritage has been studied through different approaches and thinking. An item attributed heritage value in one part of the continent may not be regarded as the same in another part of the continent. For maritime archaeology, this national bias has been influential in several ways and it continues to be so. The principle that “heritage” is a public matter is quite central in the developing ethics of the archaeological profession. This article finally discusses the international development of a body of maritime law specifically concerning underwater cultural heritage.
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Museum monument: social and cultural essence and position in the system of historical and cultural values. Ukraine, Kyiv: The National Academy of Leadership of Culture and Arts, 2012.
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Italian Historical Rural Landscapes Cultural Values For The Environment And Rural Development. Springer, 2012.
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Agnoletti, Mauro. Italian Historical Rural Landscapes: Cultural Values for the Environment and Rural Development. Springer, 2012.
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Agnoletti, Mauro. Italian Historical Rural Landscapes: Cultural Values for the Environment and Rural Development. Springer London, Limited, 2012.
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Agnoletti, Mauro. Italian Historical Rural Landscapes: Cultural Values for the Environment and Rural Development. Springer, 2015.
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Reed, Margaret. Cultural values in historical context: Individualism and collectivism and their implications for U.S.-Japanese business relations. 1992.
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Jagannathan, Radha. The Growing Challenge of Youth Unemployment in Europe & US. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529200102.001.0001.
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This book examines whether or not the youth employment strategies practiced in the high efficiency and expanding economies of the United States and Germany can be adopted successfully in the Mediterranean countries of Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece and (southern) France, countries where youth face significant obstacles to employment. A distinguishing feature in the approach taken here is the importance placed on national culture, i.e., shared values and preferences with intergenerational sustainability that can have economic consequences. Like many other books on this subject the importance of the institutions and policies that underpin “free market capitalism” are discussed but an effort has been made to place these institutions and policies within a broader cultural and historical context. In the spirit of the pioneering work of Max Weber and the more recent contributions in the rapidly expanding sub-field of cultural economics, this book attempts to identify the elements of national value orientation that can facilitate or impede the adoption of new technologies, policies or institutional forms. It is the book’s contention, its overall thesis if you will, that a failure to correctly identify these value orientations will likely result in incomplete adoption and low levels of diffusion.
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Family and Family Values in the Slavic and Jewish Cultural Traditions. Sefer; Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2658-3356.2020.
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The issue “Family and Family Values in the Slavic and Jewish Cultural Tradition” of the annual “Slavic and Jewish Culture: Dialogue, Similarities, Differences” includes the papers of the international conference “The Concept of Family in the Slavic and Jewish Cultural Tradition” held in Moscow on January 29–31, 2020. The book includes 16 articles by scholars from Russia, Germany, Latvia, who devoted their research to the peculiarities of functioning of the nuclear family in different cultural environments, in traditional society, as well as in the modern world against the background of globalization processes. Based on historical, literary, folklore and visual sources, the authors consider family values, family roles and their implementation in rituals, initiation and socialization rites, conflicts and dialogue of generations in the family culture of Slavs and Jews, family law, the impact of assimilation and acculturation on the traditional family.
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El valle del asombro. Planeta, 2014.
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El valle del asombro. Planeta, 2014.
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El valle del asombro. Planeta, 2014.
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El valle del asombro. Editorial Planeta, S. A., 2014.
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Eldridge, Richard. Aesthetics and Ethics. Edited by Jerrold Levinson. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199279456.003.0043.
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To the extent that these neo-Aristotelian value realisms offer multi-dimensional accounts of the good and very flexible appreciations of different virtues (of both character and art) in different contexts, they account well for the varieties of characters, actions, and works of art that we value. But it is not always easy to see exactly how the particularism fits with the objectivism. When there is that much variety in judgements of value, often indexed to local cultural or historical circumstance, then, even if it need not be true, the thought that such judgements are mere expressions of individual or social preference looms. When, in contrast, the overall theory of the good or the beautiful is given more shape and content, so that common features of beauty or goodness in different particulars are discernible, then the particularism lapses.
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Carretero, Mario, and Floor van Alphen. History, Collective Memories, or National Memories? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190230814.003.0013.
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This chapter analyzes differences between memory and history stemming from a theoretical distinction between romantic and idealized goals and enlightened and critical understanding goals of history education. National narratives and national identity are two key elements in the construction of both collective memories and history education. This chapter analyzes and provides examples of theoretical and empirical work involving six different dimensions of school history narratives: a homogeneous historical subject, identification processes, heroic and idealized key historical figures, a monocausal and teleological account of historical events, moral value judgments, and an essentialist conceptualization of nation and national identity. Finally, a concise analysis of school historical re-enactments as a cultural scenario, which greatly contributes to the interiorization of the previously mentioned narratives, is presented.
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Huss, Boaz. Zohar: Reception and Impact. Liverpool University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113966.001.0001.
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From its first appearance, the Zohar has been one of the most sacred, authoritative, and influential books in Jewish culture. Many scholarly works have been dedicated to its mystical content, its literary style, and the question of its authorship. This book focuses on different issues: it examines the various ways in which the Zohar has been received by its readers and the impact it has had on Jewish culture, including the fluctuations in its status and value and the various cultural practices linked to these changes. This dynamic and multi-layered history throws important new light on many aspects of Jewish cultural history over the last seven centuries. The book examines the reception and canonization of the Zohar as well as its criticism and rejection from its inception to the present day. The underlying assumption is that the different values attributed to the Zohar are not inherent qualities of the zoharic texts, but rather represent the way it has been perceived by its readers in different cultural contexts. The book considers not only the attribution of different qualities to the Zohar through time but also the people who were engaged in attributing such qualities and the social and cultural functions associated with their creation, re-creation, and rejection. For each historical period from the beginning of Zohar scholarship to the present, the book considers the social conditions that stimulated the veneration of the Zohar as well as the factors that contributed to its rejection, alongside the cultural functions and consequences of each approach.
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Covey, Alan, and Sonia Alconini. Conclusions. Edited by Sonia Alconini and Alan Covey. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190219352.013.57.
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This chapter is an editorial conclusion to Part 6, building on ideas that appeared in chapters on Inca aesthetics and the production of art and craft goods. The concluding chapter draws attention to the ways that Inca media and technology diverged from European value systems, and the ways that those differences led to biased interpretations of Andean cultural achievements. Questions of Inca civilization were central to the discourse of Spanish imperial expansion in the Andes, influencing written accounts intended to denigrate or defend the Inca legacy. Spanish writers did not appreciate the value of Inca craft production, nor did they fully comprehend the ways that Inca people preserved and deployed historical knowledge, technology, and cosmology. Modern scholars continue to wrestle with the expectations of colonial authors as they seek a more complete reconstruction of a distinctively Inca approach to the arts and sciences.
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Thompson, Kenneth. Globalization and Religion. Edited by Jeffrey C. Alexander, Ronald N. Jacobs, and Philip Smith. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195377767.013.17.
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This article examines the relationship between religious cultures and the forces of globalization. It first considers the distinction between teleological-homogenizing approaches to religious developments in modernity, which assume that secularization is inevitable, and those that emphasize cross-national variability and historical contingency. In particular, it discusses the cultural sociology approach, the value of which can be recognized when accounting for the religious phenomenon that strongly refutes the secularization thesis—the various forms of Pentecostalism that have attracted 500 million adherents, particularly in the Global South. The article goes on to explore how religious cultural systems have been involved with globalization, focusing on Catholicism, Pentecostalism, and Islam. It also proposes a cultural approach that is more sensitive to the ways in which the discourses of religion (particularly Islam) and globalization are connected in a binary relationship to one another.
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Inglehart, Ronald F. Modernization, Existential Security, and Cultural Change. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879228.003.0001.
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Survey data from countries containing over 90% of the world’s population demonstrate that in recent decades, rising levels of economic and physical security have been reshaping human values and motivations, thereby transforming societies. Economic and physical insecurity are conducive to xenophobia, strong in-group solidarity, authoritarian politics, and rigid adherence to traditional cultural norms; conversely, secure conditions lead to greater tolerance of outgroups, openness to new ideas, and more egalitarian social norms. Existential security shapes societies and cultures in two ways. Modernization increases prevailing security levels, producing pervasive cultural changes in developed countries. But long before, substantial cross-sectional cultural difference existed, reflecting historical differences in vulnerability to disease and other factors. Analysts from different perspectives have described these cultural differences as Collectivism versus Individualism, Materialism versus Postmaterialism, Survival versus Self-expression values, or Autonomy versus Embeddedness, but all tap a common dimension of cross-cultural variation that reflects different levels of existential security.
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Cohn, Arthur B., and Joanne M. Dennis. Maritime Archaeology, the Dive Community, and Heritage Tourism. Edited by Ben Ford, Donny L. Hamilton, and Alexis Catsambis. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199336005.013.0046.
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In modern times, the development of new survey, navigation, diving, and remotely operated vehicle technologies have made the location, exploration, and excavation of historic shipwrecks feasible to the general public. The debate on the value of underwater cultural heritage is recent and the issues of protecting underwater sites are now accepted. The diving community has been engaged in this debate for several decades, and a wide variety of viewpoints have developed. Museums focusing on underwater cultural heritage serve as platforms to foster discussions on submerged cultural resource protection. As any archaeological site, shipwrecks excite the general public. While museums provide a venue to share the story of the wrecks, or the historical contexts in which they existed, there are multiple ways to share this information with the public that will allow them a first-hand experience with a shipwreck. This notion has given rise to the concept of heritage tourism.
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Bond, Stephen, and Derek Worthing. Managing Built Heritage: The Role of Cultural Values and Significance. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2016.
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Bond, Stephen, and Derek Worthing. Managing Built Heritage: The Role of Cultural Values and Significance. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2016.
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Corrigan, John. Religion and Emotions. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038051.003.0008.
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This chapter is an overview of emotions history in the context of religious studies. It remarks on several kinds of inquiry—including those having to do with popular and official religion; embodiment and objectification; words, knowledge, and feelings; religious meaning; and prospects. As intellectual history of a certain sort, the nearness of emotion to religion in the historical study of ethical thought models the ongoing influence of Christian language and the assumptions of emotional universality that are inscribed on that language. The ongoing resistance to claims for the constructedness of emotion in historical religious settings is less doctrinaire than it was in the mid to late twentieth century, but there is a strong impulse to take religious statements of emotion at face value. The result is some ongoing cultural tension between the scholarly querying of emotion and Christian-inflected thinking about religion.
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Schiffman, Zachary Sayre. Montaigne. Edited by Philippe Desan. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190215330.013.8.
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This article shows how Montaigne’s Essays can clarify the problem of historical periodization by demonstrating the differences between early modern, modern, and postmodern sensibilities. These terms have arisen in the wake of disputes over Jacob Burckhardt’s interpretation of the Renaissance, offering the appearance of a more value-free alternative to his period scheme. An examination of the Essays, however, reveals that these terms are not mere chronological markers but embody crucial, normative differences. In contrast to the modern sensibility that perceives selfhood as the product of historical and cultural context, Montaigne regarded it as reflected in, rather than shaped by, his context. This early modern tendency engendered in him a form of radical relativism akin to that of postmodernism, a form of relativism that appeals to twenty-first-century readers and that can provide a new orientation in a complex world.
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Scanlon, Thomas F., and Alison Futrell, eds. The Oxford Handbook Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199592081.001.0001.
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This work presents current approaches and new avenues of enquiry into ancient sport and spectacle. It discusses historical perspectives, contest forms, contest-related texts, civic and social aspects, and use and meaning of the individual body. Greek and Roman topics are interwoven under each heading to simulate contest-like tensions and complementarities, juxtaposing, for example, violence in Greek athletics and in Roman gladiatorial events, Greek and Roman chariot events, architectural frameworks for contests and games in the two cultures, and contrasting views of religion, bodily regimens, and judicial classification related to both cultures. It examines the social contexts of games, namely the evolution of sport and spectacle diachronically and geographically across cultural and political boundaries, and how games are adapted to multiple contexts and multiple purposes, reinforcing, for example, social hierarchies, performing shared values, and playing out deep cultural tensions. The work also pays some attention to other directing forces in the ancient Mediterranean (e.g. Bronze Age Egypt and the Near East; Etruria; and early Christianity). The volume addresses important themes common to antiquity and modern society, such as issues of class, gender, health, and the popular culture of the modern Olympics, and gladiators in cinema. It presents contests and spectacles as venues of connection and as opportunities for the negotiation of status and the exchange of value, broadly for example how early panhellenic sanctuaries responded to economic stakeholders, and how groups and individuals in the later Roman empire forged social and political links through the circus events.
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Leuchter, Mark. Jeremiah. Edited by Carolyn J. Sharp. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199859559.013.10.
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This chapter discusses the major issues surrounding the study of the book of Jeremiah in contemporary scholarship, with special attention given to the book’s rhetorical structure, the value of its contents as historical resources, and the matter of its text-critical variants and the implications of these variants for the book’s literary evolution. The question of the book’s Deuteronomistic profile is raised, with some suggestions regarding whether or not that profile should be assigned to a secondary recasting of sources. In addition, a number of assumptions and axioms are challenged, especially those concerning text-critical evaluations and the use of the book as a site of cultural memory regarding ancient Israel, its monarchic institutions, and the prophet Jeremiah himself.
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Gauvain, Mary. Sociocultural Contexts of Development. Edited by Philip David Zelazo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199958474.013.0017.
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This chapter describes the mutually defining and supportive relations between psychological development and the sociocultural contexts in which development occurs. It begins with the historical and functional basis of these relations offered by evolutionary psychology. Then the chapter discusses sociocultural contexts and why they are important for understanding development. Two contexts are highlighted: (1) social interaction that conveys cultural knowledge and ways of thinking to children and (2) participation in everyday activities, cultural practices, and cultural tools that embody the goals, and means to reach these goals, that are valued in the culture. The chapter aims to demonstrate how studying the sociocultural contexts of development provides unique and valuable insight into psychological growth.
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Franco, Barbara. Decentralizing Culture. Edited by Paula Hamilton and James B. Gardner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766024.013.3.
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This chapter defines community in its broadest sense as shared experience based on ethnicity, racial origins, religion, geography, or other cultural values. It provides examples of public history projects in museums, preservation of historical resources, and oral history that demonstrate how the collaborative nature of community history requires shared authority, dialogue, and participatory management. These projects exemplify best practices for successful community-based history that balance experience with expertise; historical analysis with current-day relevance; and inner dialogue with public discourse. The chapter considers why community history matters as a form of civic dialogue and how emerging technology may impact and challenge public history dialogue in the future.
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Stephenson, Barry. Ritual. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199943524.001.0001.
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Ritual is part of what it means to be human. It defines and enriches culture, but what is ritual? What are the various kinds of ritual? Is ritual tradition bound and conservative or innovative and transformational? Ritual: A Very Short Introduction describes a number of specific rites and explores ritual from theoretical and historical perspectives. It focuses on the places where ritual touches everyday life; shows how ritual is an important vehicle for group and identity formation; how it generates and transmits beliefs and values; how it can be used to exploit and oppress; and how it has served as a touchstone for thinking about cultural origins and historical change.
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Sher, Kenneth J., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders Volume 1. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199381678.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Volume 1 of this Handbook provides comprehensive reviews of a number of key research areas in the study of substance use and substance use disorders. Chapters in this volume cover the historical and cultural contexts of substance use and its consequences, its epidemiology and course, etiological processes from the perspective of neuropharmacology, genetics, personality, development, motivation, and the interpersonal and larger social environment. Each chapter highlights key issues in the respective topic area and also highlights key unanswered questions for future research and all of the chapters are authored by leading scholars in each topic. The level of coverage is sufficiently deep to be of value to both trainees and established scientists and clinicians interested in an evidenced-based approach.
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Geist, Edward M. Armageddon Insurance. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469645254.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The dangerous, decades-long arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War begged a fundamental question: how did these superpowers actually plan to survive a nuclear strike? In Armageddon Insurance, the first historical account of Soviet civil defense and a pioneering reappraisal of its American counterpart, Edward M. Geist compares how the two superpowers tried, and mostly failed, to reinforce their societies to withstand the ultimate catastrophe. Drawing on previously unexamined documents from archives in America, Russia, and Ukraine, Geist places these civil defense programs in their political and cultural contexts, demonstrating how each country's efforts reflected its cultural preoccupations and blind spots and revealing how American and Soviet civil defense related to profound issues of nuclear strategy and national values. This work challenges prevailing historical assumptions and unearths the ways Moscow and Washington developed nuclear weapons policies based not on rational strategic or technical considerations but in power struggles between different institutions pursuing their own narrow self-interests.
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Macaraig, Nina. Cemberlitas Hamami in Istanbul. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474434102.001.0001.
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Bathhouses (hamams) play a prominent role in Turkish culture, because of their architectural value and social function as places of hygiene, relaxation and interaction. As architectural spaces, hamams have been continuously shaped by social and historical change at many scales. The life story of Mimar Sinan’s Çemberlitaş Hamamı in Istanbul provides an important example: established in 1583/4, it was modernized in the Turkish Republic (since 1923) and now is a tourist attraction. As a social space shared between tourists and Turks, it is a critical site through which to investigate how global tourism affects local traditions and how places provide a nucleus of cultural belonging in a globalized world. This book constitutes the first in-depth, monographic study of a single hamam, espousing an original and experimental biographical approach.
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Franko, Mark, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Dance and Reenactment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199314201.001.0001.
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Starting from differences between reenactment and the more established practice of historical reconstruction, leading practitioners and theorists ask how the notion of preservation and representation associated with reconstruction is transformed by reenactment into historical experience and affective relation to the past in the present. In other terms: How does dance convey historical meaning through sensuous form? Danced reenactment poses the problem of history and historicity in relation to the troubled temporality inherent to dance itself. Ephemerality as the central trope of dance is hence displaced in favor of dance as a reiterative practice that confounds categories of chronological time and opens up a theoretical space of history that is often invisibilized by ideologies of immediacy traditionally attributed to dancing. The preponderance of the re- in contemporary choreographic creativity points to the operational value of reenactment in dance as synonymous with cultural production itself inasmuch as culture is engaged with the re-appropriation of signs, citationality, and intertextuality. Collectively, these chapters theorize choreographic reenactments’ potential not only to re-arrange the relationship between past, present, and future, but also to destabilize singular authorship, to unleash choreographies’ multiple meanings, to challenge the linearity of dance history, to rewrite and re-inscribe dance canons, and to the highlight the dancing body’s agentive status as archive.
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Richards, Penny, and Susan Burch. Documents, Ethics, and the Disability Historian. Edited by Michael Rembis, Catherine Kudlick, and Kim E. Nielsen. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190234959.013.10.
Full textAbstract:
The factors driving research into disability history methodology in its practical dimensions (such as finding and analyzing sources and presenting findings), the cultural values that inform it, and who populates intended audiences all contribute to the invisible infrastructure of historical production. When historians of disability access a rich source of data, they also must ask who created it, who benefited from its preservation, and whose stories are left untold. Sharing knowledge—through preservation and dissemination—equally shapes disability historical work. In all of this, access and accessibility—from built spaces and source types to research aids and scholarly products—remain paramount. Ways to proceed with sensitivity and creativity in the exploration of disabled peoples’ and disability’s pasts are presented from the perspective of the United States.
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Toshio, Kuwako. Planetary Philosophy and Social Consensus Building. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190456320.003.0016.
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Kuwako has worked extensively in Japan to apply his expertise in environmental ethics to the resolution of practical environmental problems. The Ohashi River, which runs through Matsue City in the Izumo region and feeds the Hii River, has recently undergone extensive modification for flood control. This controversial project has been politically polarizing because of the tensions between human welfare, traditional cultural beliefs, sustainability, and environmental aesthetics. Changing the spatial structure of a community is both a cultural and a historical project that must take into account traditional beliefs about the relationship between human beings and the environment. The decision-making process for the development of social infrastructure should be grounded in meaningful citizen participation and should reflect the environmental values of the people.
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Lawrence, Michael. Indian Film Stars. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781839022906.
Full textAbstract:
Indian Film Stars offers original insights and important reappraisals of film stardom in India from the early talkie era of the 1930s to the contemporary period of global blockbusters. The collection represents a substantial intervention to our understanding of the development of film star cultures in India during the 20th and 21st centuries. The contributors seek to inspire and inform further inquiries into the histories of film stardom—the industrial construction and promotion of star personalities, the actual labouring and imagined lifestyles of professional stars, the stars’ relationship to specific aesthetic cinematic conventions (such as frontality and song-dance) and production technologies (such as the play-back system and post-synchronization), and audiences’ investment in and devotion to specific star bodies—across the country’s multiple centres of film production and across the overlapping (and increasingly international) zones of the films’ distribution and reception. The star images, star bodies and star careers discussed are examined in relation to a wide range of issues, including the negotiation and contestation of tradition and modernity, the embodiment and articulation of both Indian and non-Indian values and vogues; the representation of gender and sexuality, of race and ethnicity, and of cosmopolitan mobility and transnational migration; innovations and conventions in performance style; the construction and transformation of public persona; the star’s association with film studios and the mainstream media; the star’s relationship with historical, political and cultural change and memory; and the star’s meaning and value for specific (including marginalised) sectors of the audience.