Dissertations / Theses: 'Historical Archaeology'

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Gould, Russell T. "Logic and the analysis of function in historical archaeology." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 2002. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3048073.

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Silpa, Felicia Bianca. "Historical archaeology research designs for Gamble Plantation, Ellenton, Florida." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002684.

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Hennessy, Eiden. "Approaching Ireland's later historical archaeology : people and society 1824-1926." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726842.

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This thesis engages with the material culture of Irish people and society in the period 1824-1926 in order to engage with the ‘excluded people’, those of lower social and economic status who have often been neglected by scholarship and who were marginalised by contemporary sources. In doing so, it adopts an interdisciplinary historical-archaeological approach, drawing on a wide range of data sources, including fieldwork, cartographic sources, contemporary accounts, and reassessment of archaeological, historical, and ethnographical scholarship. This approach is applied to three diverse study-areas, two rural and one urban: Tuosist, Co. Kerry; Ceantar na nOilean, Connemara; and Thomastown, Co. Kilkenny. In each study-area, the poor are considered through the lens of society as a whole, focusing on the three main themes of belief, health, and work. Through this multi-faceted approach, this thesis achieves a more nuanced understanding that challenges both modem scholarly perceptions and contemporary observations of the character of the poor in Irish society; the interconnectedness of all sections of society is shown, as well as the inadequacy of categories such as ‘poor’, ‘rich’, ‘Catholic’, and ‘Protestant’. This thesis aims to contribute to a more balanced view of Irish society from 1824-1926, highlights the need to protect the rich but vulnerable archaeological record from the post-1700 period, and demonstrate the value of an historical-archaeological approach providing a precedent for future research. The central research question addressed in this study is: How does the application of the historical archaeology approach illuminate Ireland’s people and society during this period 1824-1926?

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Booth, Anthony M. "Life on Marr's; Historical Archaeology on Marr's Island, Georgetown, Maine." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2006. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BoothAM2006.pdf.

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Richey, Christopher Shaun. "The Historical Archaeology of Ore Milling| Ideas, Environment, and Technology." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10161305.

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Changes in milling technology at the Cortez Mining District, a gold and silver mine located in a remote area of central Nevada, are examined through the study of five mills that were active between 1864 and 1944. Each mill is analyzed through documentary and archaeological sources in order to understand how different forms of technology were implemented and modified to most effectively treat ores over time. Locally, this process of technological adaptation was influenced by changing environmental knowledge. On a larger scale, the milling technology is contrasted against global trends relating to a second wave of industrialization, such as the use of engineering and scientific knowledge in industrial pursuits, and the increasingly systematic deployment of capital.

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Gibson, Hayley. "Legal archaeology : towards an historical grounding of law without origin." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/legal-archaeology(3759df05-cec4-4809-a8c7-bbceb1028e30).html.

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This thesis aims to reinstate Foucault’s archaeological method for the purposes of legal theory. In defiance of its nearly universal criticism, I argue that the archaeological method maintains an overlooked capacity to provide a peculiar, historical, model of the “foundations” of law. In critical legal circles, it is held that the law is radically without foundation: in deconstruction, law is the violent imposition of a decision that infinitely defers the coming of its own foundation; while the modern exercise of governmental power increasingly refuses association with a sovereign centre of authority as we shift into a “permanent state of exception”. This thesis questions both the truth and desirability of these conclusions by drawing upon a theme that links the unfounded law of deconstruction to the absent law of governance; namely, their shared understanding of “law” as a function of history. A study of the critical theory suggests that the unity and intelligibility of an order, the foundation and conservation of authority, inheres in a paradoxical relationship between past and future. In these theses, order may maintain itself by constantly pushing its fictitious origin into the past; or it may forcefully declare its future applicability. Each nomological moment therein takes the grammatical form of an ‘historical a priori’: a paradoxical motif which can, I argue, and in light of the fact that it subsists even in the most wholesale disavowal of a “Law of law”, have a legal life of its own. The ‘historical a priori’ in Foucault’s archaeology exemplifies precisely this autonomous character. In defending it, and drawing upon it, I aim to show that conceptualising legal ‘foundations’ in this historical manner, without origin, can reinstate the strategic momentum that has been lost in the wholesale destruction of origins; all the while retaining fundamental critical-legal, anti-Platonic and post-Sovereign principles.

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Chauvel, Pamela. "Layered Landscapes: An historical archaeology of Maria Island’s industrial periods." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24786.

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Company towns are part of the narrative of entrepreneurial industrialism in Australia. Many sprang up quickly to take advantage of a particular resource but were soon abandoned. This research project is the study of one such town, Darlington on Maria Island. The former convict settlement was transformed in the 1880s by the entrepreneur Diego Bernacchi and the Maria Island Company, and then again in the 1920s by National Portland Cement Limited (NPCL) company. Landscapes are palimpsests, constantly being made and remade as each layer reshapes, and is shaped by, the one before it. At Darlington, the convict landscape and its hierarchical structure of surveillance and control were overlaid with an industrial landscape with a new form of order and control. The company provided accommodation and facilities for its workers, motivated by a desire for financial success and underpinned by paternalism. During the second period of economic development, the style of management became more corporate and detached from its workforce. My research employs a multi-scalar approach, beginning with an examination of the landscape of Darlington to investigate the role of the settlement’s spatial layout in transmitting ideologies of paternalism, social status and belonging within a company town in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The created landscape encouraged the development of a community and interactions between people outside of work while maintaining hierarchies and distinctions between different groups. I then turn to the scale of the household, specifically the yards of a row of workers’ cottages known as the Twelve Apostles. While the houses were built by the company to a standardized design, material remains of paths, surfaces and other features reveal differences between the yards. Small acts of resistance and connections are evident in the additions and modifications that residents made to suit themselves. While the documentary evidence tends to present a version of the past from the point of view of the industrialist and their supporters, archaeological evidence provides a way to interrogate a broader and more inclusive historical narrative.

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Hind, Jill. "The historical archaeology of post-medieval water supply in Oxfordshire." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2724360e-9ad4-4375-9385-8a65c0674b7d.

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Surprisingly, clean mains water has only been universally available to the population of Oxfordshire since the second half of the 20th century. This thesis explores the different methods by which water was obtained between the end of the medieval period and the establishment of the contemporary water companies; it shows how archaeological remains can inform understanding of how different groups lived and interacted during that period. It attempts for the first time to catalogue water supply features within the county, having 910 entries to date. Patterns emerging from the data have been used to suggest themes for further study. Statistics and GIS mapping have demonstrated that the availability and quality of water, including the incidence of early holy and healing wells, are dominated firstly by geology and then by differences between the social classes and between urban and rural areas. Themes explored include the relationship between water and disease, whether water supplies differ between ‘open’ and ‘closed’ parishes, the evolution of holy wells into spas, water in leisure activities, its association with memorials and changing attitudes to hygiene. The thesis also examines the various designation systems in place for protecting historic monuments, the level of recording of water features on local and national lists of monuments and how appropriate this framework is for helping the conservation of a valuable resource.

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Kelleher, Deirdre Agnes. "Immigration, Experience, and Memory: Urban Archaeology at Elfreth's Alley, Philadelphia." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/349904.

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Anthropology
Ph.D.
This dissertation focuses on mid- to late-19th-century Philadelphia immigrants, their experiences, and how their lives have been remembered or, as in this case, forgotten. During the course of this study Elfreth’s Alley in Old City Philadelphia is used as a lens through which to critically examine elements of immigrant experience and memory construction from an archaeological perspective. Designated as a National Historic Landmark, Elfreth’s Alley is credited with being one of the oldest, continuously-occupied residential streets in the nation. Formed in the early-18th century, Elfreth’s Alley became home to a large immigrant population, predominantly from Ireland and Germany, during the mid- to late-19th century. In the 20th century the narrow thoroughfare was selectively recognized as an important historic site in Philadelphia based on its colonial origin and early American architecture. Within this context, this dissertation expounds two interconnected lines of rediscovery at Elfreth’s Alley. The first is the rediscovery of the physical world in which immigrants lived; the second is the rediscovery of the abstract landscape of memory in which they were forgotten. The archaeological analysis of 124 and 126 Elfreth’s Alley in this text focuses on deconstructing the physical built environment on the street to understand the lived experience of immigrant occupants, while an examination of the public archaeology program implemented on the Alley explores how programming helped reshape memory at the historic site and fostered dialogue about the presentation of history and contemporary immigration. Through combining the results of documentary research, urban archaeological excavation, and public programing, this dissertation reveals the complexity of urban immigrant life and memory at Elfreth’s Alley specifically and Philadelphia at large.
Temple University--Theses

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Mccartney, I. "The maritime archaeology of a modern conflict : comparing the archaeology of German submarine wrecks to the historical text." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2013. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/21080/.

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Over the last 30 years UK Hydrographic Office marine surveys in the English Channel (the thesis Study Area) have helped uncover the wrecks of 63 German submarines (U-boats) sunk in both world wars. The author began to systematically dive on and record the wrecks in 1997, when it became clear that the distribution and numbers of the wrecks often conflicted with published histories of U-boat losses. This thesis sets out to test whether firstly; the U-boat wrecks themselves can be accurately identified from detailed examinations of their archaeological remains. If this could be achieved with a high degree of accuracy then secondly; a much clearer appreciation of U-boat losses in the Channel could be derived. This could then be used to thirdly; assess the accuracy of the original historical texts of 1919 and 1946 and reveal when and why the assessors at the time succeeded and failed in establishing the real fates of the U-boats. The U-boat wrecks themselves are either where the historic record says they should be, or they are located in positions where they reside outside of current historical knowledge. These latter cases, termed the mystery sites, are the key to understanding how, when and why inaccuracies appear in the historical texts and they were therefore accorded the highest priority during the research and were the most challenging cases to identify. Of the 63 U-boat wrecks in the Channel, it emerged during the fieldwork that 26 of them (41%) were actually mystery sites. Their impact on the accuracy of the historical texts is profound. Only 48% of the fates of U-boats recorded in 1919 are correct. The list of 1946 is 81% correct from D-day until December 1944, then only 36% correct thereafter. The accuracy of the historical record was found to be closely related to the volume of accurate intelligence on U-boat movements available at any given time and the quality of the staff work used to interpret and exploit it. Consequently the impact of Special Intelligence is keenly felt in 1944. Conversely during WW1 and in 1945 U-boat movements were not clearly understood and in both of these cases minefields emerge as the most successful weapon deployed against them accounting for over a third of the losses.

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Braje, Todd J. "Archaeology, human impacts, and historical ecology on San Miguel Island, California /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1404340481&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 339-383). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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O'Keeffe, John Denis James. "The archaeology of the later historical cultural landscape in Northern Ireland." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529549.

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Futch, Jana. "Historical Archaeology of the Pine Level Site (8DE14), DeSoto County, Florida." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3745.

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In 1866 the seat of Manatee County was moved to Pine Level, a newly-formed town in the wilderness of south Florida. By the 1880s, it contained stores, boardinghouses, churches, and government buildings. In 1887, Pine Level became DeSoto County’s first seat. However, when it lost county seat status to Arcadia only 18 months later, in 1888, Pine Level rapidly declined in population and importance, and eventually died out. The investigations of the Pine Level site detailed in this thesis were carried out as a public archaeology project, involving the DeSoto County Historical Society, University of South Florida, and the Florida Public Archaeology Network West Central Region. As a public archaeology project, one central goal of this work was to involve the local community in the fieldwork and ongoing research. The efforts of community volunteers, along with graduate and undergraduate students, were critical to several phases of this project, which is presented in this thesis. The second goal of the project was to learn as much as possible about the little-studied site of Pine Level and its inhabitants, and to contextualize its founding, growth, and downfall within the development of the south Florida region. Specifically, one goal was to learn more about the people who moved to this rural town, including their ethnicity, social status, livelihoods, and political outlook. The second research question was discovering how Pine Level had been spatially organized, whether this layout had changed over time, and x what this spatial patterning could reveal about the town’s function within greater south Florida. Historical and archaeological research methods were used to try to answer these questions. Historical research into the Reconstruction era placed Pine Level in context within the tumultuous changes of this period. Study of primary documents revealed information about how the town was organized, and how several buildings at the site were probably constructed. Oral history interviews were also conducted with community members who had knowledge of Pine Level. Archaeological investigations at the site included a surface survey, artifact collection, shovel testing, and unit excavation. This work was focused on ground-truthing the information gathered during the historical research and oral histories. Last, analysis of the ceramic, glass, and metal artifacts at the site added to the interpretation of the social status of Pine Level’s citizens, contributed to an evaluation of the site’s spatial patterning, and underscored functional differences between certain areas of Pine Level. The research presented in this thesis shows that Pine Level was the creation of a Republican politician, and that it functioned as an enclave of Republican power during the Reconstruction era. During this time, Pine Level’s growth was sluggish, and it remained unpopular with many citizens in Manatee County. It consisted of a few government buildings in the center of the town, but little else. However, with the fall of the Manatee County Republicans in 1876, Pine Level suddenly began to prosper, adding many new landowners and businesses. A distinct business district developed, and areas of the town near the major roads garnered particularly high prices. Artifact analysis shows that the income level of these newcomers was probably modest, but that they had xi access to consumer goods from across the United States and as far away as England. The town’s prosperity was short-lived, though. As detailed in this thesis, once Pine Level lost county seat status, it immediately began to decline, and businesses quickly moved to Arcadia. The town continued on as a small community through at least the first decade of the twentieth century, but eventually became a nothing more than a spot on a map.

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Metz, William M. "The historical archaeology of the oil and gas industry in Wyoming." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/458522.

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The history and archaeology of the oil and gas industry has received little attention in cultural resource management. The sites of early exploration activity are being destroyed rapidly due, in part, to the fact that field archaeologists and historians have not been educated on the scientific and historical importance of this industry to the American culture. This thesis is an attempt to begin the education process. The document begins with an overview of the historical developments on a national level and in the State of Wyoming. Attention is then focused on the physical remains that can be found in the field with guidance on the identification, interpretation, and evaluation of the remains. The thesis concludes with the development of research, designs and avenues of future inquiry.

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Darrington, Glenn P. "Tides of change : historical perspectives on the development of maritime archaeology." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13774.

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Maritime archaeology, as it is practiced underwater, is a widely misunderstood and controversial sub-discipline of archaeological research. Over the last fifty years this field has struggled to grow out of its professional infancy and it is only now becoming a well-established part of the mainstream. Although it has been stated that "archaeology is archaeology is archaeology," when it comes to maritime research underwater this has not always been the case. One reason for this has been the unique combination of past influences, which have helped to shape it, such as salvage, treasure hunting, sport diving, amateur archaeology, maritime history, cultural resource management, and classical studies. To address some of the problems facing the field today it is clearly beneficial to engage in a process of self-examination and awareness of its past development. This dissertation examines four important issues currently facing the profession of maritime archaeology underwater. These include its public perception, the relationship between sport divers and archaeologists, the professional marginalization of the field, and the conflict between professional salvors and archaeologists. To provide a context for this discussion, a historical overview of the field is presented. Subsidiary topics explored include commercial historic shipwreck salvage, the role of amateur archaeologists and sport divers, professionalism, ethics, the teaching of maritime archaeology in academia, theory, historic preservation legislation and cultural resource management. Information concerning these topics was gathered using an integrated approach of literature review, internet discussion groups, personal interviews and communications, and a formal survey questionnaire. Exploring these areas facilitated a general assessment of the last 40 years of maritime archaeology underwater and the development of proposals for its future. This innovative approach into the history and attitudes of professional underwater archaeologists will hopefully serve as a first step in a new and ongoing process, one which will benefit students, amateurs, and professionals alike.

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Ray, Keith William. "Context, meaning and metaphor in an historical archaeology : Igbo Ukwu, Eastern Nigeria." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280047.

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Longhurst, Peta. "Materialising Contagion: An Archaeology of Sydney's North Head Quarantine Station." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17906.

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North Head Quarantine Station was established in the 1830s as a means to protect the population of Sydney, Australia, from the threat of communicable diseases such as plague, smallpox, cholera and typhus. The practice of maritime quarantine in Sydney throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries coincided with radical changes in the way that disease transmission was understood, as earlier ideas such as noxious ‘miasmas’ bound to localities were supplanted by modern germ theory. The Quarantine Station bore witness to these transitions, and as such is an ideal case study through which to explore the archaeological signature of evolving understandings of – and responses to – disease. Within the archaeological literature, disease is primarily accessed and configured through human remains. The present research builds on this scholarship by considering the ways in which objects and places, as well as people, have been materially transformed via their historical associations with infection. This project examines how disease has been materialised at quarantine sites, and remains interpretable through the archaeological assemblage. Drawing on relational concepts including DeLanda’s (2006) assemblage theory, my research adopts a multiscalar approach, beginning with an examination of the landscape of North Head and the ways in which disease has been located and controlled within it. The discussion then moves to the level of the collection, drawing out the taphonomic processes that have brought objects into and out of association with the institution. Finally, individual objects are interrogated in order to evaluate the direct relationships between object and disease – as objects that reveal or erase disease, or objects that are themselves diseased. These scales are then drawn together to consider what constitutes an archaeology of quarantine, and the role of disease within this institutional assemblage.

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Bowman, John Frederick. "The iron and steel industries of the Derwent Valley : a historical archaeology." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/4145.

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Within the Derwent valley, to the south east of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, lies the Derwentcote Historic Landscape. The site consists of three historical monuments, a forge, a steel furnace and a row of worker's cottages which are in the stewardship of Historic England. This thesis asks how the Derwentcote Iron and Steel works operated within the overall iron working landscape of the Derwent valley. The thesis examines for the first time the archaeology of a pioneering iron industry scattered throughout the whole of a valley which is geographically divided between the counties of Northumberland, Durham and Tyne and Wear. A multifaceted, interdisciplinary approach has been employed utilising a wide variety of primary sources and drawing on several techniques developed by historical archaeologists. Documentary sources and archaeological data have been integrated in considering the archaeological landscape, while process recording and a modification of the Manchester Methodology have been used to assess technological and social developments. A detailed artefact biography has been carried out on Derwentcote as it is the most complete site in the valley. The results of this research have been georeferenced within a GIS. The findings of the thesis indicate that within the Derwent Valley three periods of iron working can be identified: a pre-industrial period, commencing historically in 1299, of local landowners producing iron for their own use, the Industrial Revolution, which arrived in the valley c.1687 through external entrepreneurial interests, and the steam-driven Machine Age which exploited new ore seams and technologies from 1840. The research indicates that the Derwentcote may have operated within all three phases. The valley often adopted the latest technologies in ironworking. Physical evidence for each of these phases remains scattered throughout the area today. The case study of the site of Derwentcote has proven to be a technical microcosm of the national industry.

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Alvarez-Calderón, Rosabella V. "Historical archaeology of the «huacas» of the Lima city: expanding the narrative." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113544.

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Connecting past and present: the historical anthropology of the small-scaled minning production in porco, bolivia Who studies and creates the narratives that surround the city of Lima’s archaeological sites, known locally as huacas? Traditionally, this has been the responsibility of professional archaeologists, who in their research and conservation efforts, as well as in their efforts to convert sites into open-air museums, tend to focus almost exclusively on the prehispanic period, when these sites were initially designed, built, used, and transformed. This approach marginalizes and even renders invisible the role these huacas had during the Colonial and Republican periods. This particular narrative is problematic, since it subjectively “freezes” sites into limited time frames, and implies that the value and significance of sitez lies solely in a very specific past. Following this narrative, huacas become static entities, instead of dynamic spaces that change over time, in which all historical periods contributed significantly to their current state. Inspired by the research, conservation, and conversion of Huaca Huantinamarca (in Lima’s San Miguel district) into a public space and open-air museum, this paper proposes to go beyond the traditional narrative and include all historical periods, including those periods perceived as “despised history”, in order to construct a narrative that is more comprehensive, authentic, and inclusive.
¿Quién investiga y construye la narrativa de los sitios arqueológicos en la ciudad de Lima, conocidos localmente como huacas? Tradicionalmente, esta tarea ha sido responsabilidad de los arqueólogos profesionales, que, en la investigación, conservación y, sobre todo, en los trabajos de «puesta en valor», suelen privilegiar el período de construcción, uso original y transformaciones de estos sitios durante la época prehispánica, marginando e incluso haciendo invisible el papel que las huacas tuvieron durante la Colonia y la República. Esta narrativa es problemática, puesto que, de manera subjetiva, «congela» a las huacas en un periodo delimitado, y sugiere que su valor y significado se encuentra solamente en un pasado específico. Siguiendo esta narrativa, las huacas son presentadas como espacios estáticos, en vez de espacios dinámicos que cambian con el tiempo, donde todos los períodos históricos —incluido el período de ruina— contribuyen de manera significativa a su estado actual. Inspirados en la estrategia de investigación, conservación y puesta en valor aplicada en Huantinamarca en el distrito de San Miguel, proponemos ampliar la narrativa de las huacas e incluir todos los períodos históricos, incluso aquella historia percibida como «negativa» para así construir una narrativa más completa, auténtica e inclusiva.

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Arthur, Charles Ian. "The Khoekhoen of the Breede River Swellendam : an archaeological and historical landscape study." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4165.

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Zoino, Jayson Jon. "Field Methods, Sampling Strategies, Historical Documents, and Data Redundancy| A Study of Historic Tenant Farmsteads in Leflore County, Mississippi." Thesis, Mississippi State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10640045.

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Historic tenant farmsteads are often thought to be redundant archaeological resources because of their limited temporal range and function which acts to limit the diversity of their archaeological assemblages. However, work has not been done that confirms this equivalence, and archaeologists often write off tenant farmsteads as being too modern or too disturbed to warrant investigation. This is a problematic approach as tenant farmsteads are quickly eroding from the American landscape and a representative sample of sites need to be investigated and preserved before they’re gone. This thesis tests different sampling strategies and field methods that may allow for the efficient investigation of tenant farmsteads without jeopardizing historical knowledge. The results show that the sites studied in this thesis are in fact redundant and a number of different methods can be used to investigate them in a much more efficient manner.

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Alcock, Susan Ellen. "Greek society and the transition to Roman rule : archaeological and historical approaches." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283664.

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Sinibaldi, Micaela. "Settlement in Crusader Transjordan (1100-1189) : a historical and archaeological study." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/69267/.

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The subject of Crusader-period Transjordan has still not been analyzed in depth by scholars. Nevertheless, this region, the Lordship of Crac and Montreal of the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem, is usually assumed to have had more or less the sole function of serving as the southeastern frontier of the kingdom, consisting essentially of a series of fortified points defending a border. This image of a series of castles in a largely deserted border area arises from several factors: the relative scarcity of textual sources available for 12th-century Transjordan, those that survive being largely focused on its military aspects; the scarcity of archaeological excavations at 12th-century sites, including the important castles of Karak and Shawbak; the fact that these two castles, being relatively well preserved, have attracted more scholarly interest than any other sites; and the lack of archaeological comparanda for the region, due to the only very recent development of interest of archaeologists in excavating medieval sites. The goal of the research exposed here is therefore to combine all available sources, including updated results from archaeological projects, in order to present a picture of settlement in Crusader Transjordan that is as complete as possible. A case study for Petra and the Jabal Shara is included in this work, since this area was intensely settled in the 12th century and currently offers new evidence from recent archaeological excavations. The conclusions from this research have provided information on the dynamics, variety and timing of settlement in the region, on the importance of the various settlements, on socio-economic aspects, and on the significance of Transjordan for the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem. Finally, this study provides some archaeological tools for better identifying the 12th century in the Petra region, in particular through the more precise characterization of local ceramics and building techniques.

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Kostro, Mark. "Eyewitnesses to Surrender: Domestic Site Archaeology at Appomattox Court House National Historical Park." W&M ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626395.

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King, Rachel. "Voluntary barbarians of the Maloti-Drakensberg." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5ee6c761-47f6-48df-9d52-bb392d98e4e2.

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This thesis presents an archaeological, historical, and ethnohistorical study of the nineteenth-century BaPhuthi, a peripatetic, horticulturist chiefdom with a political economy premised upon cattle raiding and active in southern Africa's Maloti-Drakensberg Mountains. The BaPhuthi appear as a valuable case study for exploring how 'tribes' and cultural identities (particularly when rooted in subsistence strategies) are historically and archaeologically constructed. Firstly, the thesis explores how eighteenth- and nineteenth-century sociocultural taxonomies were crafted by colonists and colonial subjects alike, with ethnonyms acting as ciphers for political and economic behaviours and locational traits rather than emic identifications. The BaPhuthi's choice to combine traits of hierarchical chiefdoms with pronounced mobility and heterodox, 'outlaw' activities (i.e. voluntarily becoming barbarians) confounded these taxa, as the BaPhuthi failed to conform to expectations of forager, farmer, chiefly, or 'savage' behaviour, rendering them historically marginal or invisible. The thesis thus employs a range of archival evidence to reconstruct BaPhuthi lifeways and historical trajectories. The BaPhuthi emerged and thrived in the borderlands between Moshoeshoe I's Basotho state, the eastern Cape Colony, and the Orange Free State: they exploited the ambiguities of colonial authority to build an extensive network of alliances premised upon cattle raiding, aided by their ability to turn the inhospitable terrain of the Maloti-Drakensberg to their advantage. This analysis illuminates the BaPhuthi as a culturally hybrid, ethnogenetic polity that attracted and discharged a disparate following as needed, while maintaining a degree of solidarity and chiefly hierarchy. The thesis details the BaPhuthi's peripatetic settlement strategy: BaPhuthi leaders established multiple dispersed political seats throughout their territories south of the Senqu River, which they would frequently activate and deactivate, enabling them to settle their heterogeneous following within their territories. The thesis then explores archaeological corollaries of BaPhuthi lifeways: historical analysis suggests that the BaPhuthi's archaeological footprint would be ephemeral (despite their polity's regional significance), and archaeological approaches to Iron Age Farming Communities (based in the historical identities described above) currently do not fully accommodate polities such as the BaPhuthi. The thesis discusses a methodology designed to address the archaeology of the BaPhuthi polity and its results. Considering how the BaPhuthi fashioned a diverse, heterodox chiefdom that manipulated the ambiguities of colonial rule encourages re-visiting prevailing conceptions of how cultural identities and economies are rooted in contingent historical circumstances; drawing on comparative cases from North and South America suggests revising longstanding views of the Maloti-Drakensberg as a marginal colonial theatre and re-positioning heterodox actors as capable of influencing the terms of colonial encounters.

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Sawyer, Angus Caldwell. "History, historical archaeology, and cultural resource management a case study from Jasper County, South Carolina /." Click here to access dissertation, 2008. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2008/angus_c_sawyer/sawyer_angus_c_200801_ma.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia Southern University, 2008.
"A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts." Under the direction of Sue Mullins Moore. ETD. Electronic version approved: May 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-102)

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Fish, Theresa R. "Investigating the Archaeology of Shifting Community Values at Chrisholm Farmstead." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1573576021260609.

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Rogerson, Andrew. "Fransham : an archaeological and historical study of a parish on the Norfolk boulder clay." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296829.

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White, William Anderson, and William Anderson White. "The Archaeology of the River Street Neighborhood: A Multi-racial Urban Region of Refuge in Boise, Idaho." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624546.

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Prior to the Civil Rights movement, most cities in the United States had at least one racially segregated neighborhood--a place where the "others" lived. This was typically a geographic location designated by the European American community as the area non-European Americans could reside. In Boise, Idaho, non-Whites lived in the River Street Neighborhood, a place where African Americans, Basque, Japanese, Eastern Europeans, and poor Whites established homes and businesses. River Street existed as a segregated enclave where, out away from prying eyes, African Americans, Basques, and other non-White people could escape overt segregation. This multi-disciplinary dissertation examines the River Street Neighborhood as a 'region of refuge'—a geographic place where residents formed a subculture where many of the racial mores of the time could be subverted and, in many ways, exploited. The dissertation also addresses the ways material culture, oral histories, archival documents, and community based participatory research (CPBR) can coalesce for advocacy for the preservation of minority historic properties.

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Gibson, Heather Renee. "Daily practice and domestic economies in Guadeloupe: an archaeological and historical study /." Related electronic resource:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1410677011&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=3739&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Torrie, Alison Pauline. "The Curtin site : the historical archaeology of a rural farmstead in Ops Township, Ontario." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44290.

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This thesis is an analysis of the economic context of the occupation of the Curtin site (BbGq-22), a rural farmstead in Ops Township, in the former Victoria County, Ontario. In addition to subsistence farming, the occupants of this rural site were engaging in non-agricultural cottage industries and exploiting the resources of the natural environment they inhabited. The Curtin site is an example of a rural farmstead that was increasingly oriented towards a regional economy throughout the nineteenth and twentieth century. Current literature on the subject of farmstead archaeology emphasizes the importance of constructing regional models of agricultural production and material culture. This thesis aims to contribute to the development of such models in order to facilitate the interpretation of historical archaeological sites in southern Ontario, and specifically in the former Victoria County. To accurately assess the significance of a historical farmstead site in rural Ontario, it must be considered within the context of the socioeconomic systems and physical environments that have influenced its occupational history. As such, this thesis includes a comprehensive review of archival, historical, and geographical information that provides context for the interpretation of the sample artifact assemblage yielded by the archaeological excavation of the Curtin site. I infer that, in addition to being a self-contained unit of production and consumption, the occupants of the Curtin site participated in non-agricultural industrial activities including blacksmithing, pottery and brick-making, which engaged them with a regional economy.

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Barna, Benjamin Thomas. "Ethnogenesis of the Hawaiian Ranching Community| An Historical Archaeology of Tradition, Transnationalism, and Pili." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3566237.

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Hawai`i's ranching community grew out of indigenous attempts to manage European livestock introduced by explorers and merchants in the late 1700s. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the ranch workforce became increasingly multiethnic with the inclusion of Asian contract laborers and their descendants. This dissertation examines the origins and development of the ranching community to understand the underlying social forces that encouraged the incorporation of immigrants into its ranks. Hawai`i has long been considered a "social laboratory" for studying interethnic relations, and models of assimilation, acculturation, and creolization have been used to describe its multicultural population, but these models inadequately characterize and explain Hawai`i's ranching community. Rather than apply these models uncritically to describe the community's ethnogenesis, this dissertation proposes that a metaphor derived from the Hawaiian concept of pili, roughly "connection" in English, provides a contextualized explanatory framework appropriate to its Hawaiian linguistic, geographic, and cultural origins. Pili describes the ethnogenesis of the ranching community as the formation and reinforcement of kin- and kin-like connections among existing community members and newcomers. Using documentary and archaeological evidence of a century of ranching at Laumai`a on Hawai`i Island, I frame this process as one informed by tensions between two modes of capitalism used on the ranch: on the one hand, an indigenized capitalism that included Hawaiian genealogical and social connections in its management strategies, and on the other, an EuroAmerican form that emphasized profit and efficiency over human connection. These strategies structured the negotiations of identity among ranch workers that transformed transnationals into community members who contributed to a hybrid culture that, paradoxically, remains uniquely Hawaiian.

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Tierney, Aisling E. P. "The hell-fire clubs : historical archaeology, material culture and transgression of the eighteenth century." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707722.

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Lamb, Lisa Nicole. "Historical Archaeology of the Indian Key (8MO15) Warehouse: An Analysis of Nineteenth-Century Ceramics." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000134.

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Newman, Charlotte Jane. "The place of the pauper : a historical archaeology of West Yorkshire workhouses 1834-1930." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1402/.

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To date, there has been little attempt to address the archaeological evidence of the New Poor Law (NPL). The continuing use and frequent adaptation of workhouse buildings over nearly 200 years attests to the complexity of the institution's history. This research addresses a significant gap in the study of workhouses by offering an interdisciplinary approach, challenging national typologies that provide synthesis at the expense of subtle but important differences between workhouses. This thesis suggests that West Yorkshire NPL Unions' attitudes towards pauperism and resultant architectural choices were largely influenced by regional contexts. It combines an archaeological study of workhouse architecture (focusing on location, plan, and style) with documentary evidence, using the workhouse as a lens through which to examine changing attitudes toward poverty and varying experiences of the workhouse by inmates, staff, and administrators over the course of the NPL. West Yorkshire workhouse inmates were classified on the basis of age, gender, and able-bodiedness. Segregation, surveillance, and specialisation were variably implemented to promote care and/or control. As a result, workhouse inmates had dramatically different experiences of the NPL depending on their classifications, locations, and the years in which they were admitted. In its use of the built form to understand human experience, this thesis reflects the contemporary emphasis in post-medieval buildings archaeology on interdisciplinarity and the related shift in scholarship from description to interpretation. Ultimately, its multifaceted approach to the workhouse reveals how workhouse architecture reflected and sometimes contradicted contemporaneous attitudes toward poverty, structuring - but not defining - a pauper's identity.

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Renteria, Rebecca Renee, and Rebecca Renee Renteria. "Homesteading in Cebolla Canyon, New Mexico: Ethnicity Studies in Using Dendrochronology, Historical Documents, and Oral Histories." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626707.

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Cebolla Canyon, in the El Malpais National Conservation Area, New Mexico, was homesteaded extensively in the late 18th and early 19th centuries by Hispanic and Euro-American families. The local environment provided grazing resources for sheep and cows, and the ability to homestead in this area allowed families to pursue seasonal or year-round occupation. The regional histories of these migrants differ, but the exploitation possibilities of land and timber provided people with the promise of land ownership and sustainability with respect to their necessities and desires; these are strongly based on sociopolitical factors of the time. Focus here is on Hispanic and Euro-American homesteading sites, comparatively. Dendrochronology can provide target dates for felling events, and in combination with archaeological remains we can grasp the duration of occupation for homesteading sites. We can also identify methods in which ethnicity can be delineated in the historical archaeological record. Further insight is provided by historical documents, such as census records and homesteading patents that can give us an idea of how people institutionally- or self-identified as an ethnic group. Additionally, information about interactions between ethnic groups can be parsed from historical documents that may not be fully present in the archaeological record.

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MacGregor, Gavin. "The Neolithic and Bronze Ages of Aberdeenshire : a study of materiality and historical phenomenology." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/41122/.

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It is suggested that previous interpretations of the Neolithic and Bronze Ages of Aberdeenshire have, in the main, been flawed due to a pre-occupation with placing the remains of these periods within models still grounded in cultural historical frameworks. Consequently, I abandon period divisions within the thesis, and instead use the changing nature of human inhabitation of landscape, based on the available radiometric dating, as the temporal basis for the study. Thus, recent phenomenological approaches in archaeology are highlighted as a significant development to the study of past remains. Such phenomenological approaches, however, do suffer from a lack of consideration of the role ofperception in constituting social meanings in the past. The theory of the cultural sensoria is developed, therefore, and the significance of material culture, during ontogenesis, in the maintenance of social meanings is stressed. The thesis explores how human understanding of their material conditions (landscape and material culture) changed through the fourth to second millennia BC. Study of the sensory qualities of material culture indicates that a shift in balance of sensory orders, from haptic to visual dominance, took place during this period. The inter-relationship between topography and monument locations is studied. This demonstrated that the choice of monument location was constrained by a number of competing factors, such as the extent of visual field and inter-visibilities. The importance of recognising the inter-play between the materiality of monuments and landscape as a significant component in the constitution of cosmological systems is highlighted. The tension between regional traditions and local expressions within those wider traditions is explored. A variety of historical trends during the fourth and second millennia BC are identified. Ultimately, I conclude sensory studies are of considerable value to the study of all archaeological remains and that it is possible to study historical phenomenologies.

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Sollars, Luke Hayward. "Settlement and community : their locations, limits and movement through the landscape of historical Cyprus." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/231/.

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Settlement is an inevitability of human presence in a landscape; a collection of houses indicates settlement, but so too does a field system - the farmers must live somewhere. Wherever there are people there will be settlement, from large concrete and glass urban centres to the tented impermanence of a nomads' camp. Settlement is a result of the human presence, but remains a sterile idea without some discussion of the community. Certainly settlement can be studied without community, but it remains an abstract assembly of parts unless the people that constructed or occupied it are taken into account. A single settlement is home to numerous communities that continuously form, divide and reform in response to the changing practical and social situations that everyday life presents. Before any settlement is established a series of decisions has to be made with due consideration of an area's topography and natural resources, as well as existing settlements in the landscape and any established social, economic or political systems. Physical considerations such as a settlement's location and extent, or the definition of its boundaries, can be viewed individually, but are more usefully considered in conjunction with one another so that a settlement is treated as a working unit that is part of a wider system, rather than an abstract collection of components. This thesis approaches questions of settlement and community in historic Cyprus - from the late Roman period to the end of the Ottoman period - through a presentation of the experience and results of fieldwork I carried out in 2003. The fieldwork comprised a survey project specifically conceived, planned and executed by myself for my PhD research. It focused on three discrete areas of Cyprus: Akrotiri, a low-lying area salt marsh, batha and cirtus groves in the south of the Island; an area of agriculture and coastal maquis on the west coast, north of Peyia; and the Nikitari village territory, which stretches from the southern margins of the Mesaoria up into the lower reaches of the Troodos mountains. The topographical cross section evident in my chosen areas gave me the opportunity to study the diversity of settlement across most of the range of habitats of the island, from the coast, through the plains, scrub and foot hills, to all but the highest reaches of the Troodos mountains. My experiences in the landscape undoubtedly influenced my observation, recording and interpretation of material evidence in the field, and are a vital, if elusive element of my data. I have exploited their influence to make my presentation the landscape I perceived coherent and vivid. Whilst they could not give me a complete understanding of the experiences of erstwhile occupants of the settlements I have studied, my own experiences do lead me toward it through and appreciation of the landscape and the considerations necessary for anyone living, working or travelling in it. Through my data I examine the location of settlements in the landscape and their changing distribution over time, before endeavouring to identify evidence for community amongst the physical remains in the landscape.

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Sawyer, Monique Ernestine. "Historical Settlements in Sarpy County, Nebraska, 1803-1900." W&M ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625337.

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Eriksson, Niklas. "Urbanism Under Sail : An Archaeology of Fluit Ships in Early Modern Everyday Life." Doctoral thesis, Södertörns högskola, Arkeologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24415.

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In the seventeenth- and early eighteenth centuries, fluits were the most common type of merchant ship used in Baltic trade. Originally a Dutch design, the majority of all goods transported between Sweden and the Republic was carried on board such vessels. Far from all voyages reached their destination. Down in the cold brackish water of the Baltic, the preservation conditions are optimal, and several of these unfortunate vessels remain nearly intact today. Although thousands of more or less identical fluits were built, surprisingly little is known about the arrangement of space on board, their sculptural embellishment and other aspects that formed the physical component of everyday life on and alongside these ships. Fluits were a fixture in early modern society, so numerous that they became almost invisible. The study of wrecks thus holds great potential for revealing vital components of early modern life. Inspired by phenomenological approaches in archaeology, this thesis aims to focus on the lived experience of fluits. It sets out to grasp for seemingly mundane everyday activities relating to these ships, from the physical arrangements for eating, sleeping and answering nature’s call, to their rearrangement for naval use, and ends with a consideration of the architectonical contribution of the fluit to the urban landscape.

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Rick, Toren C. "Daily activities, community dynamics, and historical ecology on California's Northern Channel Islands /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3136442.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 479-516). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Ziel, Deborah. "Which Way to the Jook Joint?: Historical Archaeology of a Polk County, Florida Turpentine Camp." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6042.

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The extraction and distillation of pine sap for the naval stores industry reached its apex of production in the early decades of the twentieth century. Post-emancipation, the industry employed African American labor in the long leaf pine forests of the southeastern United States under a system of debt peonage that replaced the master-slave dynamic with a similar circumscriptive construct. Laborers rented company housing and were paid in scrip, a monetary system that limited their purchase of the basic goods of subsistence to the company commissary at inflated prices, resulting in an endless cycle of debt. Despite the oppressive circumstances of debt peonage labor, African Americans developed venues known as “jook joints” for the expression of agency through leisure. The jook was a structure where laborers congregated on weekends to socialize, dance, drink, gamble, and fight. The Polk County, Florida turpentine camp of Nalaka was in operation from 1919 until 1928. In 1942, the Nalaka site, and thousands of surrounding acreage, were purchased by the United States Government for use as an Air Force training range in anticipation of US involvement in World War Two. Although no structures survive, artifact scatters from the 1920s remain in situ. No known records exist to document the spatial arrangement of the structures at Nalaka. This study reconstructs the layout of the camp based upon artifact provenience, secondary ethnographic sources, and historical documents, to determine whether or not Nalaka supported a jook joint, and if so, where was its location.
M.A.
Masters
Anthropology
Sciences
Anthropology

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Firth, Antony. "Managing archaeology underwater : a theoretical, historical and comparative perspective on society and its submerged past /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400638328.

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Lilley, Suzanne. "'Cottoning on' to workers' housing : a historical archaeology of industrial accommodation in the Derwent Valley." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10012/.

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This PhD investigates cotton workers’ housing at four industrial settlements within the Derwent Valley, Derbyshire. These sites at Cromford, Belper, Milford and Darley Abbey are recognised as key communities within the UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Derwent Valley Mills. Whilst large amounts of scholarly effort has been dedicated to the study of these sites the primary focus has been on the mill complexes and their industrialist owners, Arkwright, Strutt and the Evans. This study uses a buildings-led approach to examine three major themes. Firstly, the design and construction of workers housing, particularly in light of the interaction between occupant and patron agendas. Secondly, the study offers a revaluation of the typological approach taken to workers’ housing, linking exterior elevation with interior plan form. Thirdly, this thesis considers the living standards of occupants, particularly how the experience of domestic space changed in the later decades of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Overall this approach has allowed a reconsideration of workers’ housing in this unique and highly diverse industrial landscape.

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Biginagwa, Thomas John. "Historical archaeology of the 19th century caravan trade in north-eastern Tanzania : a zooarchaeological perspective." Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2326/.

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This zooarchaeological study examined animal economies practiced by local communities against the context of the expansion of the caravan trade in eastern Africa during the nineteenth century. Specific objectives were to establish whether: a) animal economies in areas crossed by caravan trade routes were transformed as a result of expanding trade and the demand for supplies; b) new herd management strategies were adopted by local communities to ensure production of surpluses for exchange; and c) the expansion of this trade caused subsistence stress for local communities. The study area is the Lower Pangani River Basin, north-eastern Tanzania. The three studied riparian island settlements of Ngombezi, Old Korogwe and Kwa Sigi are mentioned in the nineteenth-century European accounts as caravan halts in the Lower Pangani. These were identified through archaeological survey and oral interviews - using the nineteenth-century accounts as a guide to their likely locations. Excavation exposed evidence for human settlements dating to the late seventeenth or early eighteenth centuries AD, and materials recovered include over 30,000 pieces of animal bone, 39,000 potsherds, 4,020 local and imported beads, metal objects, worked bones, remains of flintlock muskets and coins. The analysis of the faunal remains indicates that domestic livestock, a wide range of wild animals, and locally caught fish, were all being consumed at these settlements. The proportion of wild fauna in the assemblage suggests their significant contribution to the diet. At Ngombezi where the longest dated sequence was revealed, such a consumption pattern of mixing domestic and wild resources is not significantly different from that of the pre-nineteenth-century levels, suggesting that the integration of these settlements into the caravan trade network had limited effects on food procurement strategies and consumption patterns. There is a general lack of evidence that young animals were slaughtered, which would be indicative of consumption pressure on domestic stock, as the majority of domestic stock was slaughtered after reaching maturity age - over 3 years for cattle and over 2 years for sheep and goat. These major findings contradict arguments made by historians that the caravan trade had a transformative effect on communities lying along the main trade routes in the region, though additional research at other sites is needed to strengthen this argument.

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Gilmore, R. Grant. "Putting Flesh on the Bones: Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Butchery Analysis in Historical Archaeology." W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626206.

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Jordan, Sarah. "Interpretation and Historical Archaeology: Telling Stories of the Past at the Watt Farm, Mechanicsville, Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539720298.

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Antczak, Konrad andrzej. "Entangled By Salt: Historical Archaeology of Seafarers and Things in the Venezuelan Caribbean, 1624–1880." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499450060.

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This doctoral dissertation is aimed at determining changes in seafarer-thing relationships—which I define as entanglements—from 1624 to 1880 at two saltpans on two islands of the Venezuelan Caribbean. Three sites with four occupational phases will be discussed: one site with two occupational phases (Dutch, 1624–1638; Anglo-American, 1638–1781) on the island of La Tortuga, and two sites each comprising one occupational phase (multi-component, c. 1700–1800; Dutch Antillean/US American, 1810s–1880) on the island of Cayo Sal, in the Los Roques Archipelago. More specifically, this research seeks to determine how the development of European capitalism and consumerism impacted entanglements involving seafarers and things during short-term and seasonal events of salt cultivation and raking at the saltpans, while concomitantly exploring how seafarers navigated and shaped such multi-faceted phenomena. to answer this research question, a multiscalar spatiotemporal framework is formulated, which involves three spatial scales: the local, regional and supra-regional; and three temporal scales: the short-term, medium-term and long-term. as regards the theoretical framework, the spatial characteristics of entanglements beyond the site are primarily analyzed by developing and operationalizing the concept of itineraries of things. Diachronic change through time in entanglements will be explored by means of the concept of assemblages of practice. as an interdisciplinary historical archaeological project, this dissertation research employs the documentary record, oral sources and an analysis of the archaeological remains and their depositional contexts systematically excavated at the saltpan sites of Punta Salinas (TR/S) on La Tortuga Island, as well as Uespen de la Salina (CS/A) and Los Escombros (CS/B) on Cayo Sal. The archaeological excavations at these seasonal and temporary salt-raker campsites have brought to light the diverse material belongings of 17th- through 19th-century seafarers from Anglo-America, France, the Netherlands Antilles, Bermuda, and the Low Countries, among others. The exhaustive vessel-level analysis of the thousands of recovered things combined with the examination of written descriptions of personal possessions and practices at sea, aids in understanding where these items came from (their itineraries) and, more importantly, how assemblages of practice (involving seafarers and things) were enmeshed in the everyday practices of salt cultivation, fishing, dining and drinking. By inserting the assemblages of practice into the three-scale perspective of space and time and by critically comparing them, this dissertation endeavors to diversify our understanding of the recursive relationship between everyday seafarer-thing entanglements evidenced in assemblages of practice and the “big given” of the large-scale and long-term phenomena of capitalism and the attendant growth of consumerism.

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Linebaugh, Donald Walter. ""The road to ruins and restoration": Roland W Robbins and the professionalization of historical archaeology." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623880.

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Roland W. Robbins helped to pioneer the profession of historical archaeology. as the discipline professionalized, he found himself increasingly excluded. This study analyzes Robbins's career within the context of the disciplines of archaeology and historic preservation and considers the professionalization process, current cultural resource management practice, the value of early data, and the importance of public archaeology.;The study also explores archaeology as Robbins's solution to his long personal crisis of vocation. He reacted to his coming of age during the Depression by searching for personal foundations and also responded to larger cultural needs, including a quest for the roots of the past. The dissertation focuses on Robbins's field and research approaches at several important sites. Although Robbins's techniques initially were little different from the developing practice, he did not embrace changing professional standards, choosing to maintain his own approaches to archaeology in the face of rejection by the new professionals.;Robbins also lacked credentials; he had no college education or permanent, stable position and he came from a labor background that did not mix well with the aspiring middle class academics. Robbins was an enthusiastic populist and developed a successful business approach to archaeological consulting.;Beginning in the 1960s, an anthropological versus restoration approach was introduced into historical archaeology. While Robbins continued to seek ruins as a means of rekindling the past, academic archaeologists dug to expose and dissect the past, looking at cultural and social processes. as the methodological and ideological gulf widened, Robbins became bitter and resentful of what he perceived to be academy control of the past.;In Robbins's approach, business success, historical knowledge, and popular appreciation of the past went hand in hand. His rivals eschewed both business and popularity in pursuit of professionalism. The study finds that the contest over professionalism concealed many similarities of practice between Robbins and his critics. Ironically, the professionals in the field have ultimately embraced many of Robbins's positions and practices in terms of consulting, the meaning and use of ruins, and the importance of public participation and support.

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Locker, Alison Mary. "The role of stored fish in England 900-1750AD; the evidence from historical and archaeological data." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/43755/.

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This thesis examines the historical and archaeological data for the consumption of herring and the gadid fishes (primarily cod, haddock, whiting, ling and hake) as stored fish cured by salting, drying and smoking. The thesis is divided into three parts, in the first part the historical evidence for developing fisheries, storage methods, marketing and consumption is discussed with an evaluation of the nutritional changes to the fish as a result of storage. In part two factors affecting fish bone preservation and recovery are presented and the authors own recording criteria. A new methodology is introduced using the documented data for portions and rations from monasteries and the forces, showing herring and the gadids by volume offish eaten compared with the number of bones counted. Distribution of body parts as evidence for stored and fresh fish in the large gadids, hitherto only used to show processing is adapted for application to the data sample which largely represents consumption. In part three the 20 sites comprising the data sample are described. Portion and body part methods are applied to the herring and gadid bones from these assemblages. In the majority of sites herring predominate by number of bones, by portion cod becomes the primary fish in many cases. Evidence for stored cod, ling and hake were found by body part distribution in many assemblages. The results of this study have shown that the archaeological data when expressed as a volume of fish supports the historical evidence for cod as the prime fish among these species, both as fresh and stored. Fish assemblages transcribed into portion from bone numbers present fish as a volume of food and often relegate herring, excessively favoured by bone numbers, into a subsidiary position.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Historical Archaeology'

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