Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Histoire politique au XVIe siècle'
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Liserre, Battista. "Politique et littérature à Florence au XVIe siècle : les Jardins Rucellai." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0543.
Full textThis work is born of an awareness. Studies of literary critics on Oricellari gardens (Orti Oricellari) are of relative interest. Most often, the academy and the relations between its members are mentioned only superficially in the chapters or paragraphs of the books devoted to Machiavelli. For this reason, we have tried, with our thesis, to lay the foundations for a first global monograph. To this end, we have combined, in one single work, all the episodes that occurred in the garden of Via della Scala between 1502 and 1522. Our research includes a detailed study of the main philosophical, literary, historical and political themes discussed during the year. Assembly of Orti. For example, it is in the gardens "Oricellari" that the concept of modern politics was born as we hear it today, when Bernardo Rucellai, founder and initiator of the first literary meetings, publicly read his story of the invasion from Italy by France under Charles VIII: the first modern treaty of political history. Bernardo's work, De Bello Italico, is characteristic of his lucid analysis of the psychological motivations of the protagonists, their desires and their ambitions, in order to deduce the causes of their defeats. The keys to reading in Rucellai's analyzes were truly unprecedented at that time, but after all, politics was still considered practical and not metaphysical, and it was in Florence of the Medici that the concept of "modern balance of power politics "was theorized for the first time
Chatelain, Claire. "La famille Miron : parentés, politique et promotion sociale (XVIe-XVIIe siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0074.
Full textMounier, Hélène. ""Tu rendras tes serments au Seigneur" : Une histoire politico-religieuse du serment. XVIe-XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10039.
Full textThe oath represents a key instrument for calibrating the prominence of the religious sphere combined with the political situation that characterizes the early modern period (16th-18th century). Thus, it appears that particularly troubled times -religious wars, then the French revolution- present a regular use of the oath, primarily intended to reinforce the solidity of bonds and agreements. The use of the institution experiences an unprecedented evolution as early as the religious wars, thus highlighting the need to express ideological allegiance along with the traditional guarantee of loyalty. During that painful period and especially at its conclusion, the oath conveys a national unity now primarily revolving around the political bond; the religious dimension, although still fundamental receding into the background. The Revolution is a golden age for the oath of allegiance, which enables “the new man” to provide the indispensable sanctity for the regeneration of the society he wishes to be dechristianized. During the period, the oath plays the role of exclusion while laying a foundation for the revolutionary repression. Above all, the institution conceals destructive effects, even when it is supposed to be the building tool of the new City. Resorting to the oath during the periods currently presented emphasizes the building of the Modern State through a sacralization of politics. However, as the very essence of the institution lies in its religious roots, an oath, either secular or laying the foundation of a strictly secular society may not exist without risking becoming meaningless or turned into a mere promise
Genet, Jean-Philippe. "Les idées sociales et politiques en Angleterre : du début du XIVe siècle au milieu du XVIe siècle." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010693.
Full textMartinat, Monica. "Le Juste marché : le système annonaire romain aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0107.
Full textThe network for the exchange of com in rome organized by the pontifical authorities during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is closely linked to the desire to respect moral obligations in the economic field and to material and social conditions of production in the roman countryside. The notion of a just price, elaborated by the various currents of scholastic thought in the medieval and modern periods, represents the central concept upon which the theories and policies of the administration are based. For the administration, the main problem is not only to guarantee the supply of food to the urban population ; but also to guarantee to each the just profit according to his position in the community. Roman food supply policy is not only an unmethodical attempt to control the irregularity of price trends and to guarantee public order, but it also shows its complexe and contradictory connexions with a theoretical elaboration designed to order every exchange made within the community according to principles of justice codified by tradition
Coulaud, Sandra. "Crime, histoire et politique : la représentation du régicide dans le théâtre anglais et français au tournant du XVIe et du XVIIe siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040070.
Full textThe regicide is a topical crime between the sixteenth and the seventeenth-century. It is an object of many reflections and an actual event for french and english people. In both kingdom, there are debates on this issue while the schism has begun a reality. Because of the controversy, it is possible to speack about régicide as a punishment. Playwrighters perform this problematic subject. Jacques de Fonteny represent the murder of Henri Ird, Claude Billard de Courgenay represent Henri IVrth’s one, Antoine de Montchrestien represent the execution of Marie Stuart, Shakespeare and Marlowe perform the murders of Richard IInd et Edward IInd. A priori, such subject can move the audience. Nevertheless, such a performance isn’t an evidence. How, indeed, can a playwrighter show such an enormous crime during troubled period ? How can he justify the show in a crisis context ? Playwrighters have to consider ideological and aesthetic restrictions, which are sometimes in contradiction, to perform the murder of the sovereign. In many cases, they rewright history. Because the crime is usually ineffective as a politic action, it is effective for dramatic art. Tyranny justify that the prince is murdered. Some moral failures make this one acceptable. And because the king is falling, he appears as a pathetic victim for the spectators. When it is difficult to show the crime scene, the regicide is described by a messenger
Karapidakis, Nicolas. "Civis fidelis : l'avènement et l'affirmation de la citoyenneté corfiote (XVIe-XVIIe siècles)." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010650.
Full textCorfou. Venetian rule. System of loyalty. Vocabulary for the dialogue between subject and ruler. The town council was taken over by the families that already took part in it, putting asside other groupes. Formation of the local mobility. A circle of old dignitaries dominates the "conclave" center of political balance, helped by the conflicts at the heart of the council. These conflicts gave rise to clandestine meetings organised outside the municipal council and condemned by the authorities. From the existing hierarchy appears a group of families that manages to take possession of the most important positions in government, closely followed by a more numerous group taking part in the honors and banning all other families from power
Gojosso, Éric. "Le concept de république en France : (XVIe-XVIIIe siècle)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32046.
Full textDURING THREE CENTURIES, BETWEEN THE XVITH AND THE XVIIITH CENTURY, THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF REPUBLIC WAS DRAMATIC. FOR THE PEOPLE OF THE XVITH AND XVIITH CENTURIES, THE REPUBLIC IS NOT QUITE AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE MONARCHY. AS A MATTER OF FACT, THE REPUBLIC REPRESENTS EITHER THE UNIVERSALITY OF THE SUBJECTS, INDISSOLUBLY UNITED TO THE KING BY MYSTIC LINKS OR A BLURRED POLITICAL FORM BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF PLURALITY OF GOVERNING PEOPLE ACCORDING TO AN INADAPTED AND SHOKING FORMULA IN A COUNTRY LIKE FRANCE. MONARCHOMACHS FAILED TO GRANT THE COMMUNITY WITH SUPREME PREROGATIVES AND WERE NOT ABLE TO CHANGE THE FORMER POINT OF VIEW. ALL IN ALL, THE THEORIZATION OF MODERN STATE HAS strengthENED THE REGIME. NEVERTHELESS FOR LEADING TO A DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE POWERS OF THE PRINCE AND THE SOVEREIGNITY OF THE STATE, THIS THEORIZATION MADE POSSIBLE MANY FORMS OF GOVERNMENT JUST AT THE VERGE OF THE SPECIALIZATION OF THE WORD REPUBLIC. FOR A LONG TIME A PEACEFUL ABSOLUTISM DELAYED SUCH A THEAD BY DOWNGRADING AN OPPOSITION ACCUSED OF REPRESENTING A REPUBLICANISM. THE UNITY OF THE MONARCHY FACES UP THE PLURALITY OF THE REPUBLIC. SUCH A PLURALITY IS USUALLY REJECTED ALTHOUGH NEW STATE STRUCTURES MADE IT FULLY POSSIBLE. IN THE XVIITH AND ABOVE ALL IN THE XVIIITH CENTURY SURGED THE TEMPTATION OF PUTTING AHEAD AN IDEALIZATION OF THE REPUBLIC IN ORDER TO CHANGE THE OLD REGIME. BUT SIMULTANEOUSLY THE DIFFICULTY OF MATCHING THE REPUBLIC AND GREAT-SIZED STATES IMPEDED THE MOST PROGRESSIVES FROM CALLING FOR A RADICAL CHANGE UNTIL THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION WIPED OUT THIS DIFFICULTY. THE SUCCES OF THE WORKS OF ROUSSEAU AN THE TRIUMPH OF THE CONCEPT OF THE NATIONAL SOVEREIGNITY LEAD TO WISH THE SETTING UP OF THE REPUBLIC IN FRANCE. ALL IN ALL AS A RESULT OF A THEORICAL INVESTMENT -ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT IN THE LAST DECADE OF THE MONARCHY- THE REPUBLIC BECOMES A FACTUAL REALITY
Chantrel, Laure. "Genèse de l'économie politique et constitution de l'État moderne : la pensée fiscale en France de la fin du XVIe au début du XVIIIe siècle." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX24013.
Full textThis thesis looks at French fiscal thought in the 16th and the 17th centuries (1560-1710) and aims to answer two questions. What is the role of the state in the emergence of a new understanding concerning the growth of material wealth? (that is to say the theory of taxes, a subject a great concern for the state) Secondly, what factors can we deduce from this that are useful in a more general analysis about the beginnings of political economy? Faced with the necessity of financing a growing fiscal state, the civil servants of the 17th century invented the concepts of proportional, universal and fixed taxes. The idea underlying these concepts is that an individual, whoever he is, should contribute to the state budget according to his income. This various fiscal principles blame the different models of the social order, or, on the other hand, use these same models in order to justify a reform of the tax system. Furthermore, they are subject to a certain number of economics restraints, given that the modern state must guarantee the welfare of the citizens as well as assert its place in world affairs. The desire to combine truth, justice and usefulness directs taxe theory in the 17th century : anxious to maintain economic stability, establish equitable taxes and serve the interests of the crown and the people
Leider, Jacques Pierre. "Le royaume d'Arakan (Birmanie) : son histoire politique entre le début du XVe et la fin du XVIIe siècle." Paris, INALCO, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INAL0002.
Full textArakan, a Western province of Burma (Union of Myanmar), has remained up to a very recent date a little studied area. This thesis present the development of its political history between 1404 and 1692. The first part presents the available sources. Research was mainly founded on Arakanese and Burmese historiographical sources some of which are presented here for the first time. A geographical introduction and a chronological list of the kings complete the 1st part. The second and third parts deal with the political and military history of the kings. From the 1st part of the XVth to the middle of the 16th century, the power of the kings and their hold on the land are increasing. Thanks to Portuguese mercenaries and its openness to trade, the country had sufficient strength to undertake a course of expansion both to the north-east (Bengal) and to Lower Burma. Nevertheless after the fall of Pegu, the Arakanese did not succeed in establishing their power. The XVIIth century marks the apogee of the kingdom on the level of political, economic and military strength. The main chapters are followed by short presentations of the religious building initiated by the kings. The 4th part is an analysis of the administrative and military structures as well as the economic basis of the kingdom of Arakan. Arakan belongs to the part of continental Southeast Asia where the Theravadin Buddhist kingship predominates : there were nevertheless privileged relations with Hindu and Muslim Bengal. The analysis of political institutions shows little centralisation. All the administrative functions as found in the sources are catalogued. On the level of military power, the country relied on an excellent system of defense of its capital and its fleet where foreign mercenaries (Portuguese, Mon and Indian Muslims) played an important role. During the 17th century, the capital Mrauk U was an important market ; the country exported rice and slaves and served as a transit road for the Ava rubies
Colin, Marie-Hélène. "Les saints lorrains : entre religion et identité régionale : fin XVIe - fin XIXe siècle." Nancy 2, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc372/2006NAN21018.pdf.
Full textThe worship of saints goes well beyond the context of the history of religions but also encompasses elements pertaining to the history of politics, mentalities, representations and language. That of saints from the Lorraine region evolves according to three distinct periods from the 17th till the 19th century. First, a revival by the end of the 16th c. , with the taking place of an appropriate iconography, speech and liturgy. Second, starting from the 17th c. , the saint becomes of strategic interest for the power between bishops and dukes of Lorraine. Third, from the 19th c. , one attends another "revival" with the Restoration period. That revival basically follows two events : the growing up of a regional "romanticism" and the will by the Church of extending its roots within the local environment. All this becomes all the more obvious when the worship of the saints of Lorraine is reinvested in the second half of the 19th c. As a result of the development of the lotharingism. The study of the rites and the holy space shows an assimilation of the saints of Lorraine by the people, which denotes the key place of those. The role of the saints may even exceed the geographical limits of the region (e. G. Jeanne d'Arc), remains regional (saint Nicolas, saint Barbe) or entierely local, as for the majority of the saints
Andrieu, Elodie. "Le choix du régime politique dans les temps modernes : Machiavel et sa postérité (XVIE-XVIIIE siècles)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32094.
Full textThe recent revolutions of the « Arab Spring » attest of the vivacity of the democratic ideal. Yet, this regime is characterised by a philosophical questioning on law and on institutions. In fact, it fits better than any other regime the essence of mankind. So despite the success of quantitative methods and the now undisputed autonomy of political sciences, modern times inherited a metaphysical point of view rather than a scientific way to address political questioning. However, the thesis explores the history of the first “science of institutions” that was born and developed in Modernity. Unknown current in the history of institutions, its proponents are paradoxically emblematic figures of modern political thinking, such as Machiavelli, Hobbes, Montesquieu or even Hume. The thesis unveils their ambitious project: to propose institutions adapted to the variety of the customs, behaviours, histories of the societies they study. The choice of the political regime should be respectful of human nature and at the same time adapted to the variety of the existing people. Therefore, the universal and the specific merge in order to serve the first real science of the modern era. The thesis research progresses through Europe from the XVIth to the XVIIIth centuries. At the end of its journey: a surprising encounter: the meeting of philosophers fascinated by the discoveries of these first political scientists. This encounter bore a new type of political regime, different from its Athenian counterpart: modern Democracy
Callard, Caroline. "Storia Patria : histoire, pouvoir et société à Florence au XVIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040177.
Full textThe power of the Medici, bankers which appear under the Republic and become dukes of Tuscany in 1530 as a result of a war against their own fatherland, is suffering an original lack of legitimacy. What solutions will they be able to bring to the headache of a glorious, but dangerous during a time of decline, Storia Patria ? How will the dynasty manage to produce a story to found their power on ? Three are the stages of the demonstration : the first one points out the disparition of florentine's historiography during the seicento, after the study of censorship which reveals what the Medici considered as secrets of State. The second stage of the demonstration shows how they bring tuscan history "out of" Firenze and its republican frame. The last part brings to light the existence of proliferating historian practices, which are not bent towards the writing of history, but vowed to its sole knowledge - thus studying the ways and places of its symbolic, politic, and social "reinvestment"
Tegos, Spyridon. "Le concept des sentiments sociaux dans la philosophie politique classique (XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles)." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100031.
Full textLafille, Pauline. "« Composizioni delle guerre e battaglie » : enquête sur la scène de bataille dans la peinture italienne du XVIe siècle." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP058.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the political and artistic dimensions of battle scenes in 16th-century Italian monumental painting, at a time when the depiction of war had yet to develop a distinction between two forms of the depiction of history, history painting treating past events and historical painting focused on contemporary events, according to artistic categories established during the 17th century. Thus this work does not offer a history of the battle scene itself, but an enquiry on specific compositions, trying to ascertain the political, ideological, aesthetic and cultural issues that inform them. Although the artistic heterogeneity of the corpus and the political fragmentation of the Italian peninsula have encouraged previous studies to follow a monographical approach, the apparition of historically and thematically similar contexts in which various battle scenes answer analogous ambitions has led us to adopt a comparative methodology, which attempts to develop a dialogue between pairs, series or types of works, linked by common political and formal objectives. Starting from 1500, a series of major orders placed by the main political powers in Italy embued battle scenes with a new monumental dimension within political iconography. In the urgency of the context of the Italian Wars, the depiction of past historical events was invested with the hope of real political efficacy, to which the mimetic and expressive evolution of Italian painting was now able to respond. The battle scenes left unfinished by Leonardo and Michelangelo adopted a rhetorical treatment of history which involved the viewer into a narrative centred around the emotions of the characters during the action. By virtue of their treatment of figures and their complex narrative articulation, Leonardo’s and Michelangelo’s battle scenes, and later Raphaël’s and Titian’s, acquired paradigmatic status, and paved the way for the establishment of the battle scene as a political-aesthetical form, making the nobility and ambition of artistic endeavour subservient to the expression of power. Sporadic compositions of the beginning of the 16th century were followed, during the second half of that century, by an extension of military themes in palace decoration. The political and iconographic objectives of paintings was therefore determined by the orientation of the iconographic programme of the whole room. In dynastic painting cycles, the correlation between genealogy and history led the artist to closely associate the depiction of the event to the actions of the character, so that devices of individual glorification coexisted with devices historicizing the episode. In state ornamentation, the multiplication of battle scenes showcased military might as the basis for the sovereignty of the modern State. In Florence and Venice, the depiction of war received from military humanism an encyclopaedic dimension which illustrated the central role played by the mastery of these forms of knowledge in the administration of the State. The last part of this study, which focuses on the monumental representations of the Battle of Lepanto in Venice and Rome, describes the emergence of problems that are specific to the depiction of contemporary battles. The immediacy of the event demanded from the historical depiction of the unfolding of the event an advanced documentary quality. The artists had to develop new experiments in the aesthetic idiom used to represent the battle, sometimes in dialogue with more descriptive or schematic depictions of warfare. 16th-century Italian battle scenes thus find themselves at a crossroad between the evolution of warfare during the Renaissance, characterised by the beginnings of the « Military Revolution », and the evolution of aesthetic theory, defined by an increasing rationalisation in the way history is depicted
Ferreira, Aurora da Fonseca. "La Kisama (en Angola) du XVIe au début du XXe siècle : autonomie, occupation et résistance." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0055.
Full textDufournaud, Nicole. "Rôles et pouvoirs des femmes au XVIe siècle dans la France de l'Ouest." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0146.
Full textIn the ninety seventies, Joan Jelly asked the question: "Did women have a Renaissance?". The American historian answered negatively. Corning back to this question is moderating it and wondering about the woman's role in the economical and conjunctural dynamism of the XVI th century, as well as about the evolution of the statute of women of power. By describing real cases, we want to stress structural problems of a society that destroys itself and then recreates it. Through a regional study, women are taken into account in the social and economical dynamism of the Renaissance society and we show what they gained and lost
Dragotoniu, Nicoleta-Oana. "Avant "l'État-juge" : pratique juridique et construction politique dans la société valaque au XVIIe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17928.
Full textKernévez, Patrick. "Vicomtes et seigneurs de Léon du XIe au début du XVIe siècle." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES1009.
Full textAround the l000s, a powerful lineage of viscounts appeared in the Léon, a region located in the northwest end of the dukedom of Brittany. The family’ s reign was in its heyday in the middle of the 12th century, until the dynasty became submitted to Henri II Plantagenêt’s and his son Geoffroy’s authority. Between 1180 and 1240, the dukes Pierre Mauclerc and Jean Le Roux successively seized the family’ s fortresses and lordships of Morlaix, Lesneven and Brest; driving them to min in the 1270s. A smaller branch of the family, that of the Lords of Léon, appeared at the end of the 12th century. It prospered around the valleys of the Elorn and of Landerneau, but the family also owned several estates in the neighbouring Cornouaille. However in 1363, the lordship of Léon passed through marriage to the Viscounts of Rohan’s powerful family, thus becoming an outlying fief. A more abundant documentation enables the study of those territories
Dobrilă, Constantin. "Entre Dracula et Ceauşescu : les représentations exogènes et endogènes de la tyrannie chez les Roumains, du milieu du XVIe à la fin du XXe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17843.
Full textVollemaere, Benjamin. "Histoire politique des royaumes du Sud-Sindjar à l'époque amorrite (XIXe-XVIIe siècle avant notre ère)." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30009/document.
Full textIn a few decades, between the XXIst and the XIXth century, the appearance of Mesopotamia deeply changed because of the immigration on a massive scale of amorite populations which settled down and flooded upon the cities left unoccupied at the end of the previous century. The phenomenon particularly struck the Upper Mesopotamia in which there is a small area made singular owing to its topography : the plains south of the Jebel-Sinjar. This area has revealed only a few archaeological vestiges but the written documentation which was found in several sites inside or outside South-Sinjar (especially in Tell Hariri, Tell Leilan and Tell al-Rimah) brought many pieces of information about its geography, its inhabitants and their way of life, but also, and most importantly, about the political events which occurred there between the XIXth and the XVIIth century before our era. The issue of this thesis is to date, to order and to analyze these pieces of information in a double perspective. On one hand, it is about rebuilding the old environment and the historical geography of this area, aiming especially the location of the cities mentioned in these texts. Secondly, its political history will be studied, first of all throughout the description of the political and human groups which appeared there, kingdoms and tribal groups, and secondly through the analysis of the relationships between these entities. Finally, we will consider the issues represented in the area which explain the political decisions made by those kingdoms as well as the foreign interventions in the region
Dauphant, Léonard. "« Toute France ». Construction et représentations de l'espace politique français au XVe siècle (1380-1514)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040156.
Full textDuring the 15th century, the French nation emerged and the unification of the country progressively took place, under the rule of the royal state. The question of how to control the territory, in both its intellectual and practical dimensions, was made more urgent by the troubles caused by the Hundred Years’ War. How, in the 15th century, could a King of France visualize his kingdom ? How was he able to govern it ? The territorialisation of power, oscillating between representation and real occupation, became progressively clearer. Differentiated social spaces emerged, depending on whether the regions were directly governed by the King or were entrusted to governors, be it a Prince or a Parliament. At the time when the monarchy gained overall control over the territory within the limits defined by four rivers (Scheldt, Meuse, Saone, Rhone), political society organised itself in a state constituted by offices ruled by royal law. Royal unity and diverging regional structures combined themselves into an original type of nation-state, a mixed territorial state, unitary and heterogeneous at the same time
Laly, Hervé Guy. "L'apprentissage de la loi : crime et justice en savoie : (XVIe - XVIIIe siècles)." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131028.
Full textHow does a small state with an uncertain existence make it to assure intern order and pacify society? The question is raised about 16th - 18th-centuries Savoy, peripheral land of the eponymous duchy. Populations have not merely and simply been reduced to obedience by coercion. The pursuit of offences is the occasion for a real learning of the law, not only from the person subject to trial. On their side, the judges learn how to enunciate the law to qualify the crime, thus preparing the penal transition of the age of enlightenment, characterized by the affirmation of a less arbitrary rational justice. This double process of learning is at the heart of the question and allows to explore the articulation between consent and submission. The 18th century has been addressed only in order to add comparative elements. The study mainly focuses on the second halves of the 16th and 17th centuries, at the time where the judicial system changes of nature. The will to discipline society by acting on brutality is a constant in the senatorial criminal policy of the time. But, after 1650, the conciliatory model of the 1560-1630s gives way to a repressive system. However, the Duchy of Savoy is not an all-powerful leviathan state. The authorities have to take into account the local powers and the community traditions. Nevertheless, at the end of the evolution, the centralising dynamic imposes its logic, provoking a cleavage both political and cultural between the elites and the people
Lim, Seung-Hwi. "La pensée politique des Bons Catholiques dans la première moitié du XVIIe siècle (1598-1642)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040059.
Full textDuring the catholic reformation and political crises of the seventeenth century, France witnessed the birth of a new group of faithful, the devots, or devout. Participating energetically in the catholic renewal, the devots, who were frequently from robe noble families, were in search of salvation under the auspices of new spiritualties, such as mysticism. The catholic league had already furnished the first occasion for them to form politically, and afterwards, one can observe a transfer from political to religious zeal in the Catholics which reinforced the spiritual movement in the early seventeenth century. However, their identity was not merely religious and social; it was also political. Frequently former catholic leaguers, the bons catholiques (“ good catholics”) grafted Christian political aspirations founded on religious morals onto their faith. Now, one is forced to accept that this religious movement is contemporary with the emergence of absolutism and the modern state, as well as with the idea of “reason of state”. Confronted with these new political realities, the bons catholiques engaged in a fight to defend a political ideal closely linked to their religion. Faced with the monarchical state which projected its own sacrality, they demanded a concept of the state forged on a vision of a connection between heaven and earth, in the subjection of man to god. Thus, the pamphleteer Mathieu de Morgues and the royal confessor Nicolas Caussin each expressed in his own style this conception of the political entity in its relation of dependence to god, and with all of its attributes, such as justice or truth, and protesting with a common voice against an absolutism which was out of proportion. Michel de Marillac, keeper of the seals and leader of the parti devot (devout party), differed fundamentally on this issue because of his doctrinal absolutism, marking the discontinuity between ideal and reality, between leader and party. Polymorphic, the political thought of the bons catholiques witnessed, however, a world conception and a moral attitude that underlay the religious criticism of the overflowing selflove and the auto-finalism of the sacrilized state, torn from natural and divine laws
Dauphant, Léonard. "« Toute France ». Construction et représentations de l'espace politique français au XVe siècle (1380-1514)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040156.
Full textDuring the 15th century, the French nation emerged and the unification of the country progressively took place, under the rule of the royal state. The question of how to control the territory, in both its intellectual and practical dimensions, was made more urgent by the troubles caused by the Hundred Years’ War. How, in the 15th century, could a King of France visualize his kingdom ? How was he able to govern it ? The territorialisation of power, oscillating between representation and real occupation, became progressively clearer. Differentiated social spaces emerged, depending on whether the regions were directly governed by the King or were entrusted to governors, be it a Prince or a Parliament. At the time when the monarchy gained overall control over the territory within the limits defined by four rivers (Scheldt, Meuse, Saone, Rhone), political society organised itself in a state constituted by offices ruled by royal law. Royal unity and diverging regional structures combined themselves into an original type of nation-state, a mixed territorial state, unitary and heterogeneous at the same time
Postert, Kirsten. "Tragédie historique ou Histoire en Tragédie ? : les sujets d’histoire moderne dans la tragédie française (1550-1715)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040235.
Full textFrom its apparition in 1550, French tragedy tends to draw most of its subjects from history. Though most dramatic authors, according to the taste of the times, tend to favour classical or mythological plots, subjects drawn from modern or contemporary history are nevertheless very present in the works produced between 1550 and 1715. The present work seeks to explain the links between history and tragedy. It compares not only the dramatic works with real historical events but also seeks to illuminate the relationship between historiography and dramatic writing in the 16th and 17th centuries
Fersing, Antoine. "Idoines et suffisant : les officiers d'Etat et l'extension des droits du Prince en Lorraine ducale (début du XVIe siècle - 1633)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG009.
Full textBetween the first years of the 16th century and the beginning of the Thirty Years War in Lorraine, in 1633, the shape of State power is deeply transformed in the duchies of Lorraine and Bar: a written law and judicial proceedings are defined, a system of permanent taxation is established and a standing army is raised. All these evolutions implies a higher number of State officers, for whom careers in the service of the prince can be known using the letters establishing them in office as well as the account books recording the payment of their wages. For those men, the service of the prince can be a mean to get rich and to improve their social position, which is the reason why they try to extend the rights of their master, hoping that he will reward them with favours (such as bounties, pensions, letters of ennoblement, conversions of land in fiefs, etc.). As the number and the technicality of the cases involving the State raise, the prince gives to those men an increasing autonomy, which leads to a drastic change in the operating processes of the ducal State
Razafiarison, Aina Andrianavalona. "Apports des traditions particulières dans la compréhension des successions royales merina (XVIe-XIXe siècle) Madagascar." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010539.
Full textSchmitz, Benoit. "Le pouvoir des clefs au XVIe siècle. La suprématie pontificale et son exercice face aux contestations religieuses et politiques." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040197.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the most important prerogative of the pope during the early modern period, i. e. the power that the keys of the kingdom of heaven gave to him. This power to bind and to loose all men in the economy of Salvation was contested during the Sixteenth Century by the Protestant Reformation and by the european monarchies. What is at stake is to understand how the papacy asserted the spiritual value of the papal supremacy while asserting its political effects. A first part turns on the controversies about ecclesiastical power from the council of Pisa to the Lutheran Reformation. A second part deals with the relationship between the papacy and the states through the use of the deposing power. Owing to the richness of the documentation conserved in the Archivio Segreto Vaticano, a thorough inquiry is conducted on the case of the excommunication and of the absolution of Henry IV. This work explains thus how the roman policy enabled the papacy to remain a political actor of first importance in the Europe of the Sixteenth Century
Suire, Yannis. "L'homme et l'environnement dans le Marais poitevin, seconde moitié du XVIe-début du XXe siècle." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040090.
Full textHistory of marsches, in particular the Marais poitevin, from the second half of the XVIth century to the biginning of the XXth century, shows the way men have been trying for several centuries to control their environment, in order to live in it, to circumvent its restraints and to make advantage of it. This history contains two mains periods of drying up, with their consequences in the long term. Encouraged by Henri IV and then the new legislation of the XIXth century, the contractors get in lands, that were promising before, and try to shape them according to their needs of development. With its success and its failures and limits too, this intrusion leaves its mark in the landscape and in the life of the inhabitants of the marshes. It gives rise to social, economic, mental and behavioural particularisms, continually balancing with the necessities of environment
Perez, Béatrice. "L'Inquisition et les judéoconvers en Basse Andalousie occidentale : les contours d'une histoire politique et sociale à la fin du XVe siècle." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040176.
Full textAt the end of the 15th century, the arrival of the administrators of the Inquisition destabilized local municipal life in Andalusia. At that time, Western Lower Andalusia, a border country, lived in an unusual political marginality and, in Seville, the factions which divided the city imposed the development of a history obeying its own rules. .
Marineau-Pelletier, Amélie. "Écrire, traduire et conserver les lettres missives à Metz : enjeux documentaires et domination sociale des paraiges (XIVe-XVIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0185.
Full textIn the Archives municipales de Metz is now kept a collection of nearly 1500 epistolary documents dated between 1383 and 1548 related to the resolution of conflicts between the city of Metz and the neighbouring jurisdictions. But why and for what purpose did the urban authorities attach so much value to these documents, justifying their long-term preservation despite their ephemeral nature once the request set out in the letter has been resolved? It is to these questions that this thesis attempts to answer. Through a detailed analysis of this documentary collection taken as a whole, it has been possible to take a renewed look at the making of power at the end of the Middle Ages, placing at the heart of our reflection the effect of documentary practices on the construction of the legitimacy of domination in the Lorraine space of the elite groups and holder of the government of the city of Metz: the paraiges. Based on recent contributions from the anthropology of the written word and legal anthropology, we have chosen to adopt a documentary approach that consists of examining quantitatively and qualitatively the various aspects (composition, materiality, content) of the archival collection of letters (AA18-AA28). To do so, we used three software programs: Filemaker (analysis of the elements of the documentary system), TXM (textometric analysis) and QGIS (spatial data analysis). By considering the collection as a genuine “documentary system”, it was possible to reveal the links structuring all the components of the collection (original letters, translations, drafts, copies, etc.) and to propose some explanations of the medieval functions of their preservation for the urban elites of Metz. The serial analysis of the epistolary material thus brought out the legal, political and social functions attributed to the letters and the reasons for the paraiges to preserve them over the long term. More than a question of transmitting information, the letters analyzed possessed a “driving force”, since they were engaged, or even forced their recipients to take action with the aim of re-establishing social relation that had been broken or damaged by the perpetration of violent actions considered illegitimate. Inscribed in the context of the amicable procedures of conflict’s resolution resulting of the feud, the conscious choices made by the paraiges to ensure the preservation of these documents and to deal with this voluminous mass of documents are so many actions that intervene in the construction of the image they forged of themselves. The preserved letters keep the trace of an autonomous and powerful urban power, which was deeply inscribed in the complex hierarchy of the local aristocracy (urban, seigneurial or ecclesiastical). The thesis allows us to highlight certain aspects of the social domination of the paraiges that have rarely been taken into account by research and to better understand the close relationship between the written word, government, space and the construction of authority, offering a renewed perspective on the history of Metz at the end of the Middle Ages
Pégeot, Séverine. "L’architecture gothique flamboyante dans le comté de Bourgogne : de la fin du XIVe siècle aux grands chantiers du XVIe siècle." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA1016/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the Flamboyant Gothic architecture of County of Burgundyfrom the late XIV century to the large construction sites of the XVI century : Notre-Dame de Gray and Notre-Dame de Dole. The corpus has seventeen monuments mostlycomprised of parish churches, but also of two chapels commissioned by powerful lordsof the County. This study is part of a broad chronological framework and helps lay amilestone in the understanding of the flamboyant architecture in France. The approachis a comparative analysis of sources and monumental buildings, which allows us tounderstand the complexity and the diversity of forms that were introduced into theCounty of Burgundy in the late Middle Ages and in the first half of XVI century
Tissot, Allan. "Une abbaye de renom à l'époque moderne : l'Abbaye aux Dames de Saintes (fin du XVe siècle - début XIXe siècle)." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00909678.
Full textDoucet, Romain. "Sous les ailes de l’archange. Saint Michel à l’épreuve de l’histoire (France, XVe XVIIe siècle)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL116.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the destiny of saint Michael in France in early modern times. In the context of a spirituality multiplying devotional practices, the archangel, by his place in the liturgy, the belief and the society, is indeed a key figure of the cult of the saints in the late middle ages. Elsewhere, thanks to the Capetians, in the 15th century, he moreover becomes the true defender and the guardian angel of both the king and the French monarchy. Therefore, he is not spared by the reformists who questioned the cult of the saints and who, by iconoclastic acts targeted Catholic and royal symbols, during the French troubles of religion. But his ancient importance and the victorious ideal he carries place him first in the Catholic reconquest, at the height of the Wars of Religion. However, this political use had an impact on the archangel, who lost his lustre in the 17th century. Drawing on a vast corpus of textual and iconographic sources, taken from a wide variety of forms and themes, this study aims to make the archangel a actor of the history of the French kingdom in a time of upheavels and to reveal Michael as the emblematic figure of the royal and French providentialism
Rivera, Liza. "L’exclusion en Colombie : essai sur les fondements : les permanences et les évolutions du système social colombien, XVIe – XXe siècles." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040053.
Full textColombia awash in a number of debilitating developments such as the augmentation of every type of violence, the continued weakness of the State, the growing ranks of both paramilitary groups and guerillas, the continued entrenchment of the trafficking of narcotics, as well as the socio-economic suffocation of the under classes. Is not so much the result of seemingly random recent events but of deeper, older, historical factors that have conditioned all strata of society to respond to events in a narrow, constructed, predictable way. The concept of ‘exclusion’ being a central pivot that Colombia society revolves around. The object of this research is to try to explicate all the elements linked directly or indirectly to this ‘exclusion’ phenomena. This includes the values, the attitudes, and the behaviors that emanate from the Colonial Period which are active ideas in the mind of the contemporary Colombian. This thesis also aims to demonstrate that the ‘exclusion’ concept continues to be one of the principal characteristics that flow through Colombian society. In addition, this work will try to show that this ‘exclusion’ is a primary obstacle to the creation of a proper functionary Nation and the true origin of the crisis that grips Colombia to this present day
Saliou, Clément. "Vie théâtrale dans le Nord-Ouest de la France (Bretagne, Pays de la Loire, Poitou, Aunis) du XIIIe au XVIe siècle." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20031.
Full textThis PhD research studies drama and the dramatic culture in Latin, French and Breton in northwestern France from the 13th century to the very beginning of the 17th century. It encompasses liturgical drama, mystery plays, farces, morality plays, civic entries and humanist drama, thanks to an interdisciplinary approach combining literary, historical and social elements.This analysis is primarily based on a thorough and comprehensive archive investigation, meant to extend our knowledge about theatrical mentions
Fontvieille, Damien. "La galaxie Bochetel : un clan de pouvoir au service de la couronne de France de Louis XII à Louis XIII." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL144.
Full textThis thesis study a familial group which composes a clan of power whose extension is very large. Guillaume Bochetel, secretary of State between 1547 and his death in 1558, is the architect of this clan. Through the alliances forged for his children he has reunited around him several families of “robins” who move up the social ladder thanks the service of the king, such as the L’Aubespine, the Bourdin or the Morvillier who in turn have brought their own allies, such as the Neufville or the Brulart. The study covers a period between the 15th century, when several families start serving the princes of the Val de Loire and the beginning of the 17th century when the clan is progressively fading away leaving Villeroy as the political heir, secretary of State between Charles IX and Louis XIII. The purpose is to underline a particular group of power marked by a strong solidarity and the importance of blood links, whose members hold the highest offices under the Valois. They possess the majority of the secretaries of State between 1547 and 1588 and are regularly sent as diplomates in Europe. The functioning of this clan with its rivalries, the roles given to each member and its different figures is outlined. The clan, through his allies in Berry, allows to study the dialog between the French court and the provinces. The men and women of this clan share a particular social identity, between the “haute robe” and the nobility. This clan offers also a mirror of the transformations of the French monarchy in the modern era, between a domestic state and the progressive birth of an experimented administration
Barriera, Darío Gabriel. "Vers une histoire politique configurationnelle : conquérants, familles et rapports de pouvoir dans une ville aux confins de l'empire espagnol (Santa Fe, Rio de la Plata, XVI-XVII siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0040.
Full textDauphin, Thibaut. "Le comparatisme politique dans l'oeuvre de Voltaire." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0290.
Full textNeither political science nor the history of comparatism has ever really grasped Voltaire's political work. However, an examination of the texts, attentive to the context of the century in which they were produced, can bring a new perspective on its political and comparative dimension. The theories of the author of the Essai sur les moeurs et l'esprit des nations, found in numerous works, often in pamphlets that have ceased to be familiar to us, compete and discuss with those of De l’esprit des lois and Du Contrat social, but are today neglected. The spirit of the Voltairian work is driven by a Philosophy of action, which conveys a rigorous examination, of the main political facts of history, albeit obscured by the haunting theme of religion. This historical comparatism, almost unprecedented by its ambition and dimensions, leads to the construction of a Philosophy of history - the first of its kind - which constitutes the Voltairian reading grid of politics. Through comparison, the body of the work then outlines a "good government" enlightened by Reason and natural religion on the one hand, regulated by natural rights and the supremacy of the law on the other. Inspired by European and Asian countries, blending the three classical forms of regime, this mixed model materialises Voltaire's political system
Treguer, Félix. "Pouvoir et résistance dans l’espace public : une contre-histoire d’Internet (XVe -XXIe siècle)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0117/document.
Full textTaking contemporary debates on freedom of expression and privacy in the digital age as a starting point, this thesis revisits the history of the Internet at the intersection of legal history, political theory and history of science and technology. Through a long-time study of the clash between power and resistance strategies associated with communication technologies, it aims to contribute to the history of the public sphere and of digital activism. From the inception of the printing press on, the first part provides an overview of the forms of control of the public sphere developed under the modern state power, and of their extension under liberal-representative regimes (15th 21st century). In the second part, the study follows the antagonist utopias that shaped the development of computing technologies to explain the pro found ambivalence of their political appropriations, these technologies being construed both as an instrument of technocratic domination and a tool for emancipation (1930-1990). The third part analyses early controversies around the protection of civil rights online and the growth of digital activism, as the Internet becomes a locus of political struggles in a period marked by neoliberal globalization (1990-2001). Finally, the fourth part surveys recent Internet control measures adopted in the name of the "war on terror" and the repression of some segments of digital activism to illustrate the illiberal drift in state practices (2001-2017). The study thus aims to advance a collective thinking on one of the key questions identified by Michel Foucault in his writings on power: "How can the growth of capabilities" – and more specifically those brought about by "techniques of communication" – "be disconnected from the intensification of power relations?"
Guilloux, Ronald. "De l'exotique au politique : la réception de l'acupuncture extrême-orientale dans le système de santé français (XVIIe-XXe siècles)." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/guilloux_r.
Full textIn France, the opposition between official medicine and parallel medicines seems obvious. However, repaid by the Social Security Administration (1947) and taught in Faculty of Medicine (1987), acupuncture is an atypical case: an official parallel medicine. Here is that shakes the opposition and reveals its ideological nature. The jolt touches the very identity of official medicine, forcing it to question in the layers of its knowledge (its norms of cognition) and its power (its ideologies and its institutions). Thus, the debate must be brought back on the field, by unrolling the history of the relations between acupuncture and official medicine : extended to its cultural limits, the questioning will aim to unveil the ideological structure of the medical parallelism. (Part I) The first contacts between the West and the Far Eastern acupuncture (17th century) do not only draw the story of a simple needle : they reveal the ideological, political, epistemological and institutional layers of an emerging modern Western medicine (18th-19th centuries). (Part II) It is only after having seized the conditions of this emergence that one will be able to understand the new therapeutic reception in the 20th century : the epistemological and institutional trajectory that the Far Eastern acupuncture will follow to enter, to structure and to integrate the French health system. Finally, the stake is double : the discourse on medical parallelism sets the question of the statute of a marginal therapeutics in the system of health (socio-political stake) and more extensively the question of the statute of medicine in society (epistemological stake)
López, Caballero Paula. "Récits des origines, variations identitaires et conflits pour la légitimité politique à Milpa Alta, Mexico DF (XVIIe-XXIe siècle) : ethnographier l'Etat et historiciser l'ethnicité." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0293.
Full textThis thesis is based on historical and ethnographic research in Mipa Alta, Mexico. This is a predominantly rural territory within Mexico City which has been collectively owned since the 17th century and still contains many Nahuatl native speakers. My objective is to offer an anthropology of the Mexican State beginning through the analysis of local practices and subjectivities. This de-centred view of the state will be combined with an approach that situates the observed interactions within a long history as well as within regional, national, and trans-national scales of observation. Territory, identity, and political practice constitute the three axes along which this approach is realized. Together, these they help to elucidate the political arrangements through which State hegemony is reproduced. Territorial control, the appropriation of the national narrative, and the definition of citizenship or the legitimization of the local government, show that the consolidation of State hegemony not been at odds with the emergence of local sovereignties. From the point of view of the Milpaltense, their particularity coexisted, and was fostered by, the successive national projects promulgated by the Mexican State
Bureaux, Guillaume. "Union et désunion de la noblesse en parade. Le rôle des Pas d'armes dans l'entretien des rivalités chevaleresques entre cours princières occidentales, XVe-XVIe siècles (Anjou, Bourgogne, France, Saint-Empire)." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR142/document.
Full textAppearing in 1428 in Spain, the Pas d’Armes are a real example of the undeniable interest held by the nobility of the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance in the arts of warfare, in literature, and theater. It is in reality an evolution of the joust and tournament in which one or several knights volunteer to keep a crossroad, a door or another symbolic place. To differ from the joust, the organizers publish chapters, or letters of weapons, several months in advance. They consisted of two parts, the first one coming to place the knights defenders and aggressors in a magic and fantastic universe, the second containing rules to be followed. It is also necessary to note that the great majority of Pas place the knights in a fictional world, in particular regarding Arthurian legend, by means of chapters, present scenery around the lists and, naturally, costumes. Testimonies of transcultural contacts between the Valois ‘courts of Anjou and Burgundy and Spanish courts, the Pas d’armes are organized at courtly decisive moments like marriages, treaties of peace or just after a war, all the Pas d’armes had a common role : to highlight the unity of knighthood around the Prince and his power. On each occasion is the Prince who emerges victorious from all the entertainment organized at his court. Essentially, it is a way for the prince to dramatize his power in this “game – mimicry” where the important thing was not so much the fighting but the scenery and the highlighting of cultural, financial and military power of the court
Gantelet, Martial. "La ville face au soldat : Metz dans les conflits du premier XVIIe siècle." Paris 8, 2006. http://books.openedition.org/pur/116321.
Full textMy study is an attempt at reading anew the history of Metz, from the reign of Henri IV to that of Louis XIV, in a political and military perspective. In it I question the notion of forceful obedience. The first part revolves around the shock of violence generated by the war in the year 1635. I examine the means used to protect oneself from the enemy, such as the exchange of - financial - contributions for safeguards - protecting warrants. A first "right of the people" is thus promoted. The second part tackles the relationships with the soldiers of the King. I analyse the burden of having to sustain a garrison, and having to bear the occasional stays of passing troops. I also study the city's room for manoeuvres that were negotiated in Metz, in Lorraine and in Paris by people ranging from troops to ministers of the King. Finally, the last part delves into the city itself. First comes the governor whose great powers are evoked as those of a person the monarchs manage to keep under control. Then come the city powers that be and the wiles used to mobilise the city
Lejosne, Fiona. "Giovanni Battista Ramusio et la constitution d'un savoir géographique à Venise au XVIè siècle : parcours scientifique et horizon politique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN035/document.
Full textThe three-volume compilation, Navigationi et viaggi, published in Venice from 1550 to 1559, is the work of the humanist geographer Giovanni Battista Ramusio (1485-1557), who collected and edited geographical texts throughout the first half of the 16th century. The compiler attempted to update the description of the known world by employing new modes of knowledge, primarily based on the experiences of those who had taken part in exploratory travels. Ramusio, who served the Republic of Venice as a secretary at the chancellery, benefited from a broad network of collaborators who provided him with testimonies and travel accounts. My research offers the first joint analysis of Ramusio, the armchair geographer and secretary, within the context of early-modern Venice.Based on archival research, the first part of this work offers a reconstruction of Ramusio’s laboratory as part of the institutions of the Republic of Venice, the scholarly environment of Italy, and the world of Venetian publishing. The interrelation between his own interests and his professional prerogatives is established through a study of his scholarly approach and official role. The second part of this study focuses on the compilation, taking into account Ramusio’s influences, as well as his original choices for the organisation and selection of knowledge and sources. The objectives of this work of political geography are examined in the third part through an analysis of Ramusio’s own writings, the Navigationi et viaggi’s discorsi
Tuttle, Elizabeth. "Discours puritains et processus révolutionnaire en Angleterre au XVIIe siècle : recherches sur les thèmes religieux dans l'idéologie et la politique pendant la crise révolutionnaire de 1647 à 1649." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010674.
Full textThe documents of the Thomason collection published between 1647 and 1649 are the major source material used in this work. The study is about the relations between the levellers and the sects, and the part played by these groups in the revolutionary crises of the period. Various religious themes develop, and help create a unity of purpose and action ; these ideological factors finally divide the revolutionary movement. The first part of the study shows how the demand for religious toleration plays a major part in the ideology of the sectarian congregations which leads to their collaboration with the levellers and the soldiers at the time of the putney debates in october 1647. The second part outlines the difficulties of this alliance at the time of growing conservative action, and the renaissance of their action during the second civil war. The petitions of the fall of 1648 are analysed and show the growth of new ideological leitmotifs : providence, "the saints" and "the man of blood". The third part studies the revolutionary crisis of 1648-1649 : pride's purge, the whitehall debates, the army petitions and the king's trial, in the light of these new religious themes which mobilize soldiers and "sectaires" against a return of charles I. The last chapters examine the hold over the minds of these groups exercised by these old testament ideas and which explain in part the defeat of the levellers at burford. When the rump parliament accord liberty of conscience to the sects and the government is in the hands of the "saints", the levellers are isolated and their hopes of a republican constitution defeated. Taken as a whole, the thesis is a case study that shows the functions that religious ideas take on during a revolutionary process : first, the very substance of militant enthousiasm, and eventually the break that contributes to the halting of the process. One major concern is always clear behind the various puritan discourses : the state and its repressive role in modern society. The political discourse looses its religious language and images very slowly and haltingly
Navy, Rolle. "Contribution à l'étude du conseil souverain de la Martinique : une pratique institutionnelle,administrative et judiciaire originale de la monarchie absolue en Amérique (xviie-xviiie)." Antilles-Guyane, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AGUY0107.
Full textSmagghe, Laurent. "Représentations, usages et pouvoirs de l'émotion dans le discours politique des ducs de Bourgogne (XIVe - XVe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040224.
Full textAs an outward manifestation of the soul’s secret moves, emotion has a universal dimension. However, societies establish part of their consistency upon a common practice of feelings which may override individual experience. The ruler, whose body and gesture are the centre of every attention, cannot elude injunctions of an ideal habitus in which emotions play a substantial part, between promotion and transgression. This study emphasizes the extent to which emotions support political communication. The Burgundian Low Countries in the Late Middle Ages have been examined, and the cultural context in which emotion as a ruling practice emerged has been outlined, thanks to a diversified corpus of sources. In a first part, the study of the body’s protean dimension reveals that the ruler’s ideal image embodies specific feelings and expressiveness. These characteristics prelude to a privileged use of an omnipresent anger in sources, to which the exercise of power and justice owe more than a little. Yet, this emotion is also likely to drive the ruler to a detrimental acting out for his dignity and majesty. Between joy demonstrated in the context of a culture of feasts, and pain which seems to be consubstantial to power, emerges the portrait of the emotional prince of Burgundy which can not be outlined with modern categories of language, as shown by the ambiguity of tears. Beyond narrative strategies, it is yet possible to propose some perspectives of interpretation to elucidate the nature of proposed emotions and the way they may be integrated in a general ideology of power
Chafaie, Erchadi Choleh. "La conception de l'empire en Iran aux XVI-XVII-XVIII siècles." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32002.
Full textThe political history of iran at the beginning of the 16th century is marked by the constitution of a monarchical state regrouping the small kingdams of the iranian plateau. Ismail ist sat on the throne, taking the title of shah. Examining the constitutive elements of the concept of empire (the place and the authority of the sovereign, the central, regional and local administration, the relations between the central government and the tributary states, the situation of the different socio-ethnic groups, the hegemonial tendency. . . ) the first part of this thesis demonstrates that the accession of the safavides to power could be considerated as the reconstitution of an empire on the iranien plateau. The second part, which deals with the 18th century, has for object the fall of the empire and the multiplication of the power centers in iran. In spite of the short lived "afshar empire" linked with the territorial conquests of nadir and the survival of some constitutive elements of the empire's conception, the political system of iran in the 18th century no longer merits the imperial qualification