Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Histoire du XIXème siècle'
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Jalabert, Romain. "Les vers latins en France au XIXème siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040111.
Full textLatin verses were not an extra duty for all students in the nineteenth century. They had a recreational role in teaching humanities, as they favoured the study of French poets, sometimes the contemporary ones, through translations. They were in deed an introduction to the belles-lettres for some students like Sainte-Beuve, Musset, Baudelaire, Rimbaud and Bourget. Periodicals and neo-Latin publications, which were not all bound to school, followed a humanist tradition favouring epigrams and versified games. These publications also reflected the evolution of poetic forms : the slowing of epic and fable, the health of civic ode and didactic and descriptive poems, search for a synthesis between aesthetics of belles-lettres and philosophy sensualist, fame of Lamartine’s romanticism. In this tradition, Baudelaire's poem "Franciscae meae laudes", whose success was bound to that of the decadent Latin in French literature, was a special case. During the second half of the nineteenth century, the 1750-1830’s period was considered as the golden age of the humanities. It was the apogee of the Sainte-Barbe’s institution and the concours général and corresponded to a generation of students and teachers who arrived to political responsibilities in the late eighteenth century and returned to power after the Revolution. The poetry of this period had a common inspiration, in Latin or in French
Tranvaux, Annick. "Emergence du sentiment independantiste aux Philippines, au XIXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30041.
Full textDecker, Émile. "Sarreguemines au XIXème siècle : la faïencerie Utzschneider : 1790-1914 : contribution à une histoire des goûts et des styles au XIXème siècle." Nancy 2, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc207/2001NAN21007_1.pdf.
Full textDuring the 19th century, the Sarreguemines works located in the north of Lorraine on the German border became one of the leading centres for earthenware production in Europe. Very early on the factory introduced industrial production techniques. The work was carried out with the aid of machines or processes making mass-production a reality. Satisfying the public remained a key factor, and every aspect of the business was tailored to meeting the whims of the factory's clientele. This approach led to the manufacturing of objects of rather dubious aesthetic quality. Often, the technical quality of the workmanship made up for the insufficiency of the design. The company sought to react against the mediocrity and monotony of mass production through an increased use of decor and diverse shapes, adding plenty of variety to its catalogue. The wide choice available enabled the client to enjoy the illusion that he or she owned something truly unique. During the 19th century, the style of the objects produced varied according to taste. History was always a source of inspiration. During the Empire and the Restoration, the items produced where neo-classical and their models were English. During the Louis Philippe period, under the influence of Romantism, eclectism was the norm : Italian majolica of the Renaissance and French earthenware from the 17th and 18th centuries were all copied and interpreted. Exotic patterns were ever-increasing in number. Initially, the designs used had featured approximate replications of Oriental works, later happily giving way to something more in keeping with the spirit in which Western artists worked. Nature was always a favourite subject for the earthenware artists, and according to the period the representations of plants were marked by Romanticism, Japanism or Art nouveau. Earthenware also met a growing public demand for imagery : hundreds of series were produced with highly varied themes including the history of France, topical subjects, picturesque illustrations, or humorous scenes. For over a century, the production of the Sarreguemines works has mirrored changes in taste and style
Stoecklin, Hubert. "Scènes de la folie dans l'opéra au XIXème siècle." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M082.
Full textDornel, Laurent. "La France hostile : histoire de la xénophobie en France au XIXème siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0084.
Full textRobert, Olivier. "Économie et sociologie en Grande-Bretagne au XIXème siècle : histoire d'une séparation." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010011.
Full textWe show how economics and sociology became two separate fields of study in the XIXth century in Great-Britain, emphasising the epistemological and methodological debates which led to this separation. From Comte to the english historical school, there has been indeed a tradition in great-britain which advocated a synthetic approach of the social phenomena and thus challenged the political economy's legitimacy. We identify two replies. Though stuart mill appreciated comte's arguments, he managed to legitimate the special social sciences by pointing out that some social phenomena depend mainly on a paramount cause. Then, he was able to give to economics and sociology two different territories : economics deals with phenomena which mainly depend on the desire of wealth whereas sociology has to study phenomena which one could not trace to one single paramount cause. Economics and sociology are thus demarcated by their subjects of study (part 1. Differenciating economics and sociology by their subjects. Comte's challenge and Mill's answer). Another answer was given by Jevons and the Cambridge's economists (Marshall, Sidgwick and Neville Keynes). Facing the historicists'onslaughts, they managed to put an end to the english methodenstreit and shape a new demarcation criterion. They divided economics into several branches and put the emphasis on the theoretical branch which they describe as necessarily abstract and deductive. By contrast, sociology is seen as necessarily historical and inductive. Economics and sociology are thus characterized by their approaches rather than by their subjects. The demarcation becomes a methodological one (Part 2. Differenciating economics and sociology by their methods. The english historical school and the cambridge's economists)
Lévy-Vroelant, Claire. "La famille et la ville au XIXème siècle : Versailles." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0049.
Full textThe characteristics of life cycles of the individuals and families in town, the social and residential mobility of households, little known for the nineteenth century, have been systematically studied, thanks to the versailles census, which was nominative, yearly, and espacielly well done. The procedure adopted, in regard to establishing the relationship between family and town, consists in reconstituting the familial and kinship history, and the residential itinerary of a sample of about seven hundred individuals, and in confronting dynamics so obtained with more classical statistical observations. The phenomenon of mobility and of segregation in the area of the town have alse been studied. In an age when the industrial revolution had been changing the social data, the great mobility of individuals and of househelds, the numerical importance of isolated individuals and the weakness of local kinship are witnesses of fragility of the urban family, in a town which stayed nevertheless on the outskirts of the transformations linked to industrialization. Finally, the intergenerational study showed the particular ways of selection in the renewing of the population, selection which takes place to the detriment of lower class categories
Vergnet, Laurent. "Sur quelques pharmaciens bordelais du XIXème siècle : portraits photographiques et bio-bibliographie." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2P080.
Full textDaled, Pierre-Frédéric. "L'Université libre de Bruxelles et la religion: spiritualisme et matérialisme au XIXème siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212275.
Full textFaidutti, Bruno. "Images et connaissance de la licorne (fin du moyen-âge-XIXème siècle)." Paris 12, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120048.
Full textThe legends about the unicorn as a friend of young virgins come from medieval bestiaries, but the animal's current image - a white horse with a long spiralled horn - only appeared in the renaissance. The unicorn, whose horn was the object of an important trade, was said to live in the orient and was often mistaken for the rhinoceros. The first texts questioning its existence date from the sixteenth century, but the debate about it was not closed until the nineteenth century. Doctors - who used its horn as an antidote to poison -, travellers - who were looking for it or wrote that they had seen it -, geographers, theologians, hermetists and symbolists, and of course specialists in natural history, have all expressed a variety of points of view on this issue
Le, Bloas Alain. "La gloire de La Tour d'Auvergne : une histoire de l'admiration au XIXème siècle." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0062.
Full textAs many other brave men between 1792 and 1815, La Tour d'Auvergne died with gallantry on the battlefield. As a simple subordinate officer, but also as the « First Grenadier of the Armies of the Republic » he was among those called « heroes » and celebrated as such throughout the 19th century.Known as an erudite man and admired for his virtues while he was still alive, one can acknowledge he wasn't a regular soldier. This thesis is not about the life of the man celebrated by many, but instead on the ways he was celebrated from the French Revolution until the Great War.In that objective, amongst all of the tools offered to us by social sciences that have rediscovered heroes and heroism over the past few years, this thesis prioritises the tool of admiration, which allows us to go over the usual heroisation-remembrance duo to give a better understanding of the mechanisms, the actors and the contexts of celebration.This process of « admiration » gives us the opportunity to understand that even if La Tour d'Auvergne was a minor hero, his glory, however, dawned so much upon him that it kept growing consistently. It also gives a better idea of the space national heroes take in the french « identitarian check-list » and thus in the process of national construction, but also republican consensus.Starting from this « case » documented by several sources, this thesis proposes the notion of « society of admiration » to describe the French society in the 19th century. To achieve that process, multiply the different scales as well as the overviews, focus on a few singular moments, and track the process of admiration for the « first grenadier » after 1918
Vaslin, Jacques Marie. "Le marché des rentes françaises au XIXème siècle et la crédibilité financière de l'état." Orléans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ORLE0502.
Full textOuld, Cheikh Abdel Wedoud. "Nomadisme, islam et pouvoir politique dans la société maure précoloniale : XIème siècle - XIXème siècle : essai sur quelques aspects du tribalisme." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H008.
Full textLe, Bail Marine. "L'amour des livres la plume à la main : écrivains bibliophiles du XIXème siècle." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20099.
Full textAround 1830, the publishing sector experiences numerous shifts : with the printing system submitting itself to new mass producing principles, the status of the book itself is at stake. From this moment on, we witness the beginnings of a new form of bibliophilism, which builds itself by turning its back on the contemporary publishing standards. Some writers, amongst whom Charles Nodier, Paul Lacroix, the Goncourt brothers, Gérad de Nerval, or Octave Uzanne, are dedicated to collecting rare or valuable books, and find in this passion an inspiration for their own work. This study aims at showing the strength of the links between bibliophilism and writing during all of the XIXtch century. At the intersection of several disciplines such as book history, stylistic analysis, or history of literature, bibliophilism appears as a strongly poetical object and as a complex compilation of themes and topics about books. At the same time, bibliophilism ca be defined as a singular socio-cultural habit, that allows us to perceive all the tensions arisen by the development of modern and industrial ways of producing and selling books
Geslot, Jean-Charles. "Une histoire du XIXème : la biographie de Victor Duruy (1811-1894)." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003VERS007S.
Full textThe figure of Victor Duruy (1811-1894) has gone through the 19th Century, of which he knew every change, and of which he was altogether witness, reflection and actor. Brought up at the "Manufacture des Gobelins", next to a father who had known a real social ascent, he inherits from him a genuine desire for promotion, which partly enables him to achieve his secondary education, first at the College Sainte-Barbe, the Ecole Normale. Under the influence of Jules Michelet, he turns to history and chooses teaching. His teaching career experiences a chaotic evolution, mostly according to political changes. His history books are in many instances of a new type and, with the collaboration of his publisher Louis Hachette, he launches out into collections of school books and historical vulgarisation books, which enjoy a huge success. Minister of Public Instruction from 1863 to 1869, he accomplishes a reformatory work of unrivalled scale, with an immense impact both on a long term and short term. He acts in all the orders of teaching, in the sense of a revaluation of teaching issues, a modernisation of the educative system, a systematic extension of the school public and a reinforcement of research. A victim of the political ambiguities of the Empire liberal, he withdraws from the government in 1869, dedicating his retirement to historical books, to which he owes, in spite of their historiographical classicism, an important notoriety. An eminent figure of the Republique des Lettres, he is three times a member of the Institute, a patron of the Ecole Methodique, and a reference to republican reformers. He is also representative of the social elite, whose way of life and values are typical of the Bourgeoisie, as well as of the romantic generation which he belongs to. The tremendous homage he is paid at his death is the sign of the considerable influence he will have had on his era
Chabannes, Hervé. "Les passeurs de la mémoire Havraise : histoire, mémoire et identité au havre du XVIème au XIXème siècle." Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00849427.
Full textChort, Marc-Olivier. "Le département et l'Assistance publique au XIXème siècle : l'exemple des Landes (1838-1914)." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU2019.
Full textCreated for the French Revolution, the “départements” i.e. French administrative lands, are getting increased recognition throughout the XIXth Century. Albeit various governments coming into force, the Institution carries forward and is strengthened. Laws provide increased freedoms to “Conseils généraux”, i.e. authorities administering the “départements”, so that they are fully responsible for their own budget by the end of the Second World War. As a result, social assistance is developed within this framework in France. Originally from communal background, social assistance was being implemented thanks to “départements”’ financial commitment. However, some of them relinquished to enact social assistance politics due to tight financial controls, Landes “département” being a significant illustration of this. Though headed by progressive ideals, Landes “Conseil général” is focused on making savings, thereupon not providing satisfying social politics to their inhabitants
Brisou, Dominique. "Accueil, introduction et développement de l'énergie vapeur dans la Marine militaire française au XIXème siècle." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040031.
Full textThe industrial revolution which acted France between 1815 and 1870 provoked a true maritime revolution in the French navy, because of steam-engine application for ship-propulsion, and its introduction into the navy yards for moving a lot of machine tools furnished by industry. A paddle fleet was developed into areas peripheral to the main sail fleet. However these new ships were not able for warfare, because they were very vulnerable and not able to have sufficient gunnery. After an estimation period (1843-1847), the screw propeller harmonized sail with steam, so that engineer Stanislas Dupuy de Lôme invented the first true steam capital ship (1850). Then many sail battleships were equipped by auxiliary engine which fitted in the new screw propeller. Since 1860 another adaptation was made necessary because of the invention of armored capital ship by Dupuy de Lôme, who developed for her an engine which profited by new science showing a better steam use. On that account, 1870 is an important date because surface condenser was adopted; this apparatus then authorized increase of pressure, thus flight of power practicable for ships
Gauthier, Marie-Véronique. "Les sociétés chantantes au XIXème siècle : chanson et sociabilité." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010619.
Full textA study of the great singing societies (le caveau, la lice chansonniere), 19th century facilities for males "meetings: convivial rituals revolue around epicurianism (laughing, drinking, eating). Tense relationships with "café-concert" and the need to moralize song are to be found together with an obsession to talk about sex (saucy stories). The study of the writing of songs produced within a group, but by individuals, shows the enduring nature of a neo - classical or neo - romantic style, totally lacking in inventiveness logorrhoean remnant of an intense need to write verses
Warmenbol, Eugène. "Le lotus et l'oignon: l'égyptologie et l'égyptomanie en Belgique au XIXème siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211866.
Full textSagesser, Caroline. "Le temporel des cultes dans la Belgique du XIXème siècle: législation, règlementation, jurisprudence et pratiques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209361.
Full textAujourd'hui encore, l'organisation du financement public des cultes repose sur les bases établies au XIXème siècle.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Pierre, Éric. "Amour des hommes - amour des bêtes : discours et pratiques protectrices dans la France du XIXème siècle." Angers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ANGE0006.
Full textProtection of animals arises in a general pattern of radical changes in the relationships between men and animals. On the one hand, militant societies gathering the most active protectors appear. On the other hand, signs of men's fondness for beasts as well as determination to ensure a better protection and reproof of cruelty to animals increase more and more. Militant protection of animals is in keeping with the general pattern of social reformation. Its promoters intend to fight against people's acts of cruelty against animals. They want to moralise men and improve the condition of animals. Their action rests upon love for the former, which is in keeping with the tradition of philanthropy or christian charity, as well as on compassion towards the latter. If consensus is easily found on some themes (horses), there are controversial subjects too : protectors are divided on the behaviour towards dogs, and on vivisection. A moderate protection centred on man (moral progress and economical benefit) is opposed to a radical protection which emphasises feelings and rejects a relationship between men and animals based on the absolute domination of man. There is no such dispute among the french society of the time, which advocates only the utility protection. Protective feelings are shared to a great extent; structured opposition to zoophily remains marginal, coming from part of the catholic clergy, and from some leftists. Public authorities show an interest in its moralising aspects, but they are not ready to take constraining measures against violent games involving animals, which are supported by part of the population. Just before the first world war, radical claims centre on vivisection. The period's fears express themselves there
Diokh, Isidore. "Recherches sur l'évolution de l'enseignement privé catholique au Sénégal au XIXème et au XXème siècle : 1819-1990." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30072.
Full textPerret, Marie-Antoinette. "Les instituts séculiers féminins en France XIXème-XXème siècles." Paris, EPHE, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPHE5007.
Full textHerlem, Didier. "Féminisme et antiféminisme en Allemagne : étude de l'évolution des rapports hommes-femmes du début du XIXème siècle à nos jours." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040105.
Full textConceived as a study of German society, the present work analyses the evolution of the relationships between men and women since the industrial revolution, and the parallel rise of a new social logic centered on the individual. It therefore enlightens both the specifity of the German reaction in front of the emergence of modern values, and the universal problem of having to reconsider the ancient codes: the respective role and status of men and women in society together with their functions in production and reproduction, the social discriminations and hierarchies, all show in a concrete and symbolic way how difficult it is for mankind to conciliate difference and identity. The sexual cleavage, one of the primary divisions of human society, is a good illustration of this fact. Even though it acts in an unobtrusive way - which is generally ignored, it emerges as a determining factor of history. The present research bearing on two centuries or so, is articulated on three main points: the ideological debate between feminism and antifeminism; the different policies of German governments till the time of reunification; the consequences of both these former factors on people's lives in their conditions of living, mentalities and behaviors. It reveals the singularity and intensity of the debates that agitated - and agitate - Germany, the astonishing range of the political measures adopted, and shows that the problem is still unsolved today. The German experience, alone of its kind and exemplary, leads us to ponder the validity of productivism as the law of the modern world and to appreciate the importance of some economic, ecological, and demographic problems which greatly influence the future of human societies
Utsch, Terra Ana Carina. "La reliure en France au XIXème siècle : programmes éditoriaux, marchés du livre et histoire des textes." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0112.
Full textWithin a culture at once literary, editorial and visual begun in the 19th century, bookbinding defines distinct fields of dissemination and reception that have in common the fact of claiming, in their own way, membership of the literary world. Our task is to place the history of bookbinding within the cultural history of publishing, through the identification of the different status and functions bookbinding has assumed in the formation of the discursive and technical corpus that defines its field of action, within issues relating to the production of the meaning that take place within the world of publishing and bibliophily, and in the different spaces of visibility inhabited and opened by bookbinding. Building on a study of the catalogues of french publishers from the 19th century (1818-1900), we followed the continuities and discontinuities of the publishing and material life of a text wich had already had, at that time, a long published history. The study of different methods of disseminating Don Quixote (1832-1878), a work that was involved in all the phases of the 19th century french publishing history, shows that the variations in the material appearance proposed by the binding could induce different readings of the same book, especially when they are all in agreement (in aesthetic and commercial terms) with the editorial programmes in wich they are inserted. An analysis of the different publishing practices supported by bookbinding allowed us to study the consolidation process of the publisher's binding genre, in the new relationships it forges with different forms of cultural expression
Pospíšil, Martin. "Statique graphique dans les pays historiques tchèques (de la seconde moitié du XIXème siècle au début du XXème siècle)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H020.
Full textThe project of graphic statics is studying a heretofore little explored part of the Czech technical history of the second half of the 19th, and beginning of the 20th centuries, when the Czech lands held a leading role in technology in the former Austrian Monarchy. A part of the project is to reveal the transfer of this computational method in engineering practice from the place of its origin, France and Switzerland, to the Czech lands, as well as original contribution of the Czech millieu to this field. The transfer of graphic statics to the Czech lands came very soon after its formation in the second half of the 1860' s. Cultural transfer prospered thanks to the distribution of press and books published mainly in German, and, of course, thanks to the close persona) contacts among lecturers at European, especially German-speaking, polytechnic high school! The thesis also contains examples of significant Czech historical buildings, for which graphic statics was used to calculate the structure. These calculations are illustrated by archival documentation, which has not yet been published. A special part of the thesis is a comparison of two calculation methods of deformation of trusses. The first one is the method of French V.-J. Williot, which was published in August 1878. The second one is the Czech professor V. Bukovsky's method of January 1879. As no more detailed information was known about Victor-Joseph Williott ( 1843- 1907), some never published archival documents were searched to illustrate his life
Brechoteau, Sophie. "Les pharmaciens et l'industrie sucrière aux XVIIIème et XIXème siècles." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2P044.
Full textCottias, Myriam. "La famille antillaise du XVIIème au XIXème siècle, étude anthropologique et démographique : enracinements créoles." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0041.
Full textAlbistur, Eztitxu. "L'évolution du didactisme dans la littérature de jeunesse basque de la fin du XIXème siècle au XXIème siècle." Thesis, Pau, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU1028/document.
Full textThe first writings devoted to children and adolescents emerged in Europe in the 18th century and continued to develop throughout the whole of the 19th century. It was in the 19th century that the term “children’s literature” (or “juvenile literature”) came into being. Literature written for children and adolescents is therefore relatively recent. The main aim of this type of literature is largely to educate children and adolescents by means of the works of which it is composed and by carrying messages of varying types: encyclopedic knowledge, existential advice as well as moral prescriptions. These messages are deliberately transmitted through works which one can therefore qualify as being didactic. This characteristic indoctrination of children’s literature (juvenile literature) has evolved over the centuries. Having focalized our research on Basque children’s (juvenile) literature and having compiled a corpus of works pertaining to this evolution we have analysed, in this thesis, the ways in which the various morals and different messages were handed down to juvenile readers throughout the ages. This transmission has taken place sometimes by means of explicit didactism and sometimes, or even simultaneously, by the use of implied didactism. Having proceeded to analyse and compare each opuscule of the corpus we thus propose a historic outline concerning the evolution of didactism in Basque children’s (juvenile) literature as from the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century. To conclude we have proposed an analytical table of children’s (juvenile) literature destined to aid teachers and professors who may wish to study the messages contained in the works of their pupils
Bouquin, Corinne. "Recherches sur l'imprimerie lithographique à Paris au XIXème siècle : l'imprimerie Lemercier (1803-1901)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010729.
Full textLithography is not only a new technique among others, it is also the impulse of an overthrow in the world of picture during the nineteenth century. Born with the century, this invention will mark it, evolving technically toward photography. These researches focuse on the printers often reglected as compared to the artists. All those lithographic printers, mainly of modest origin, because lithography by accident or ambition. Most of them were general printers albeit a few were specialized in a particular type of picture. Little known on the whole, this profession was really a part of the book business. A few names are still known today, among these is Rose-Joseph Lemercier, ambitious business man sensitive to artistic lithography. During his career, pictures from artists like Achille Deveria, Eugene Ciceri, Rodolphe Bresdin ou Odilon Redon are printed along with posters or popular prints. The important production of this printing-works conclude the study of his founder, from his activity of basket-maker to the position of head in his firm, and shows the perspectives of the numerous uses of this new technique, especially within illustrated books
Maroufi, Karine. "Le cicerone et le touriste : lire et dire Rome aux XIXème et XXème siècles." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030104.
Full textFrom the age of stendhal up to the present day, the "guide book" genre dealing with the roman ruins has radically changed. The renewal can be perceived through an evolution in the way of writing which tends to become autobiographical. In the same way, the representation of the antique city has also gone through a change. From academic descriptions, it has become the reflection of the imagination of the "author-visitor". This transformation echoes this of the ruin, itself linked with the evolution of its environment. Therefore it is inseparable from the vandalism which has always assailed it
Komis, Constantin. "La population et l'habitat du Magne (XVème-XIXème siècles)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010605.
Full textThis thesis starts with the examination of the physical, the climatological and the economical situation of the area. In the first part, we communicate the most important sources that we have consulted and used ; in a special chapter we clarify the demographical meaning of certain terms that we have come across during our study. In the second part we follow the evolution of the population between 1618 and 1829. In the third part, we study the network of the settlements ; in a special chapter we discuss the question of the deserted settlements
Ipari, Marcel. "Les populations de la région de Sibiti (Congo) : du XVème à la fin du XIXème siècle." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010525.
Full textLepetz, Roger. "L’enseignement dans les prisons françaises au XIXème siècle : réformer, amender, instruire, éduquer, former ?" Thesis, Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU2084.
Full textAt French Revolution, imprisonment became the main criminal penalty. Reformers and philanthropists agree that prison, the place of punishment, must also be the place of reformation of the convict, at the very least, the place of his amendment. The means to get it are work and education. Today, access to education in prison is a recognized right for prisoners in France. This research questions more particularly the history of the teaching in french prisons during the 19th century. After presenting the state of educational legislation in the early 2000s, the study has two main parts that follow the history of prison. « Each house of penalties must be a school ». The first part of the study runs from 1815 to 1850. His subject is more specifically the elementary instruction of young convicts who are minors. For them, prison and its promiscuity are rather the school of vice and crime. The first priority is to separate children from adults by assigning special places of penalties for children. In France, children are transferred to agricultural penitentiary colonies or locked up in the fortress of la petite Roquette in Paris. In England, some children under the age of 14 are transported to Australia. Despite their qualification as "educational houses", the time devoted in these places to teaching children is very limited. In adult prisons, the legislator makes primary education compulsory for illiterate adults. But ministerial circulars are not immediately applied everywhere.The second part of the study spans from the Second Empire to the end of the Third Republic. In the second half of the 19th century, the acceleration of industrial and technological development implied a need for skilled and educated workers. The elementary teaching is becoming a priority until in adult prisons. Relying on the prison statistics published annually by the prison administration, the author observes the evolution of the teaching, on the one hand in departmental prisons, where pre-trial prisoners and convicted of minor sentences are incarcerated and, on the other hand, in central houses, prisons reserved for long sentences.This study of teaching in French prisons in the 19th century does not only offer a historical approach to teaching in prison. Based on a personal experience of prison and the pursuit of studies in prison, the author wants to open a field of thought on the social impact of the teaching in prison in an overhaul of the prison order which should not remain the concern of the alone specialists of prisons
Lacheze, Cyril. "L'art du briquetier, XIIIème XIXème siècle : du régime de la pratique aux régimes de la technique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H079.
Full textActors of society do not all conceive the same technique in the same way. The craftsman, the scientist, the engineer, but also the investor, the administrator or the client, appeal to different thought patterns, making several modes of operational thinking – practice, technique, technology – coexist in the same socio-technical space. Relationships between these regimes are questioned through the case of architectural terracotta production (bricks, roofing and paving tiles, pipes, etc.), from the first written sources (thirteenth century) to the industrial turnaround that took place around 1870. It is a widespread production, generally free, concerning both luxury and everyday products, and subject to socio-economic issues. The large open corpus – manuscript, printed, iconographic, archaeological sources – is questioned from a systemic perspective. In fact, regimes are plural and interconnected. The practical regime could only concern the operational sequence itself. All operations outside this strict framework, making possible particularly the mobilization of the technical complex necessary for the production, suppose a dialogue with third actors and, consequently, the establishment of standards – written or oral, official or unofficial, explicit or tacit – allowing intercomprehension beyond different or even divergent thoughts. Treaties of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were even more clearly technical. Underlying thoughts were here too plural. Whether non-specialist encyclopedists copying more or less relevant texts, or military or civilian engineers responding to editorial commissions, few authors really sought to describe the common practice. A "scientific" approach took shape somewhat in the 1840s with Alexandre Brongniart, but technical innovations, of particular interest to the readership, formed the basis of subsequent publications. Editors then turned to specialized periodical literature. However, this was primarily used, with exhibitions and competitions, as a mean of communication for inventors subjected to strong competition. New technical fields appeared in the 1830s-1850s when some, abandoning a logic of mechanization of the practice, began to think in a "technological-ish" way, even if not truly technological. However, only the few who could and did successfully fit into this sociotechnical network – or sub-system – managed to make their productions widely known, and to attach their names to innovation
Bénard, Florence. "L'huissier de justice aux XIXème et XXème siècles : fonctionnaire public ?" Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10027.
Full textDenis, Christine. "Un exemple d'exercice officinal au XIXème siècle : pratiques quotidiennes et place de pharmacien d'officine dans l'offre de soins." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P222.
Full textAvenel, Jean. "Les interventions européennes en Amérique latine au XIXème siècle (1825-1870)." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040215.
Full textThe book first describes the causes of the military interventions. We then study the military aspects of the operations : logistical problems, organization of the armies, officiers and soldiers daily life in Latin America. The last part of the work is devoted to the analysis of the consequences of these military operations for European and Latin American countries. We analyse there their influence on the implementation of the United States domination in this part of the world
Loubamono-Bessacque, Guy Claver. "Les populations du bassin de la Lesibi (Gabon) du début : du XVIIIème à la fin du XIXème siècle." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010639.
Full textThe Lesibi bassin is situated to the south east of the present Gabon republica. Differents groups of populations that place, especially the Ikota, Ondasa, Ambama and Basamaye. Before their seattlement in the Lesibi bassin, those populations lived in the north west of the present Congo republica (Ambama) and to the north east of the Gabon of nowaday. It's not possible now in the present state of the research, to determine the seattlement date of those populations in that area. We just knew, in the XVIIIe century, the were established there. Those populations maintained different relations among themselves and with the others neighbor inhabitants. They share many common civilization characteristics. Untill the end of the XIXe century, the foreigners, the Europeans, hadn't trampled down the Lesibi Bassin if we except the Italian crossing Attilio Pecile and Giacomo Savorgnan Di Brazza. In return this territory since the XVIIe century probably, received manufactured products. Those ones were valued on the local populations, who even sold their yellow-men to have some
Antin, de Vaillac Dominique d'. "L'invention des Landes : structures et idéologies dans les Landes de Gascogne, XIXème XXème siècles." Bordeaux 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR40017.
Full textThe "Landes de Gascogne" were perceived during all the XIXth century like a territory escaping the influence from dominant civilisation. How the modern State, with the catches wth the ethnic singularity, could make enter inrepublican order thes populati,ns who were judged in major shift as wellwith manners as with the modes of organosation of the dominant society ? Through the work of construction of the modern "Lanfes" indissociable of the creation of th largest forest in Europe, appears decoupling between social realities. .
Pinto-Venancio, Renato. "Casa da Roda : institution d'assistance infantile au Brésil (XVIIIème-XIXème siècles)." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040189.
Full textAfter the sixteenth century,European people have exported their welfare structures to the areas of expansion. .
Gautier, Gérard. "Domination, institution, et identité : le mouvement Taiping et la Chine du XIXème siècle." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00676281.
Full textLambart, Christian. "La présence militaire à Troyes (1814-1914) : politique locale, opinion et armée au XIXème siècle." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040208.
Full textBonnet, Alain. "La réforme de l'école des beaux-arts de 1863 : Problèmes de l'enseignement artistique en France au XIXème siècle." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100126.
Full textThe decree dated November 13rd of 1863 deeply altered the Paris Ecole des beaux-arts administrative structures, the teachers' appointment system and the Prix de Rome competitive examination judgment by taking away from the French Académie des beaux-arts the jugdment of this competitive examination and by reforming the traditional teaching dispensed by this School; it gave rise to a passionate debate which shaked the world of arts for months and captivated the general public, highlighting the interest related to administration and art teaching were rousing. That decree is giving place to a detailed study of an important step in art history in the 19th century; it happens to act as a revealing unveiling two antagonistic conceptions of art which had been fighting each other for a long time but which there reached the point of their divergence. The decree forced both parties to define their positions by exposing them on the public place. Academic doctrine which was the very basis of educational action, found in that controversy the opportunity to assess for the very basis of educational action, found in that controversy the opportunity to assess for the very last time its principles. It had to give way to a resolutely modern conception which introduced concepts of actuality and progress into the field of beauty, included in the determining (although fuzzy) notion of originality which was at the very center in the debate on art teaching. The decree not only turned upside down arts teaching structures in France or modalities of transmission of knowledge and techniques (at the end of the day it only modified them superficially). It took into account a drastic modification of place
Castellani, Laetizia. "La Balagne rurale : Economie et société de la fin de l'époque moderne à la fin du XIXème siècle : "Entre tradition et modernité"." Corte, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CORT0013.
Full textBalagne is a region mainly rural in the North-West of Corsica, with almost thirty communities situated on the hillside. The conomy of the region is mainly based on farming, olive, cereal growing and viticulture especially. From the end of the modern age to the end of the 19th century, Balagne faces important changes which do not always changes relally local data and the daily life of the Balanins order administrative, political, social or economic position. However, the obvious immobilism hide some significant developments at the time limit. These changes are around three major axes: community and its administrative environment, the social structure of communities and the daily life of the inhabitants. There is a large range of topics: evolution of administrative structures, modernisation of agriculture, democratization of education, housing, inheritance transmission, demographic behaviour etc
Maerten, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude des ateliers de potiers en Bourgogne du sud : de l'Antiquité à la première moitié du XIXème siècle." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOL028.
Full textMahamane, Addo. "Institutions et imaginaire politiques hausa : le cas du Katsina sous la dynastie de Korau (XVème-XIXème siècle)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10016.
Full textFor centuries the hausawa have lived between niger and nigeria. There they formed two kind of kingdoms : the hausa bakwai (7 'legimate' hausa states) and the banza bakwai (7 'illegimate' hausa states). The katsina was one of these 7 legitimate hausa states. Around 1445 muhammad korau (c. 1445-1493/4) overthrew the durbawa dynasty and founded his own royal dynasty known as the korau dynasty. From the establishment of muhammad korau to the end of the 18th century the katsina proved to be one of the most shining examples of the hausa states before the jihad of 1804. The study of hausa political myths through the bayajida legend and its variants, the kirarai of the sarakuna (kings) compared with the written record shows that the sarauta (hausa political system) is based upon several factors. In studying the functioning of the hausa state both the territory occupied by the hausawa and the surrounding political climate must be taken into consideration. The development of the two factors took place on the background of the trans-saharan trade which was the driving force behind the relations between the different political entities, on the one hand, and the two sides of the sahara on the other. The trans-saharan trade was also a determining factor in the islamisation of sub-saharan africa. The hausa original participation in trans-saharan trade depended, among other things, on the sarauta system. In 1804 a team of marabouts under the leadership of usman dan fodio created an islamic reform movement (jihad) which, beginning in gobir, was to shake the old royal dynasties and modify the political landscape of central sudan. This reform led most hausa states to adopt islam as the official state religion to the detriment of the previous situation where the hausa state was based upon several factors. The hausa states that were members of the sokoto caliphate, which was founded as a result of the jihad, were from then on ruled by new dynasties which used also the sarauta system
Ghanem, Azar Rania. "Romantisme français et culture hispanique : contribution a l'étude des Lettres françaises dans la première moitié du XIXème siècle." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00755967.
Full textChatelain, Nathalie. "Le conte de fées en Europe à la fin du XIXème siècle : naissance, essence et déliquescence du conte de fées fin-de-siècle." Nancy 2, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc226/2005NAN21005_1.pdf.
Full textThis work is about the birth, the matter and the disappearance of what we called "the fin-de-siècle fairy tale", or "the yellow tale". It is first of all a question of understanding how and why the fairy tale appear in the "fin-de-siècle" literature work in Europe, then we study its specificities which constitute a real genre, although built on the subversion of indisputable models such Charles Perrault, who will be the ideal victim for the story-tellers of the moment. At last, the genre die with the generation who produced it, a death announced in texts, and expected by authors