Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Histoire du droit international public'
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Nour, Sckell Soraya. "La justice cosmopolite : histoire des principes et enjeux contemporains." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100194/document.
Cosmopolitan justice presupposes justice in the order of a State as well as international justice, but differs from these two forms in that it questions the just and unjust concerning human beings as such and as a unique individual, beyond one’s status as a resident, national or citizen of a State, and also takes into account future generations and the environment. Being cosmopolitan has an individual and collective dimension related to the construction of the self (a cosmopolitan self), to one’s way of thinking and living in its everyday dimension (action from a cosmopolitan standpoint) and a reflection on what is just and unjust cosmopolitanism, the emergence of social groups that require cosmopolitanism and the normativity of national, international and supranational institutions that want to achieve it. Thus, the notion of cosmopolitan justice proves to be a common object in the field of philosophy, political science, sociology, cultural studies, social psychology and law. This thesis first analyzes the challenges of cosmopolitan justice as they were formulated in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries by Hobbes, Kant, Hegel and Alexander von Humboldt, comparing their ideas with contemporary debates (Part I). It then analyzes new issues regarding cosmopolitan justice that emerged in the twentieth century with Freud, Kelsen, Critical Theory and Bourdieu (Part II). Finally, an analysis is offered on fundamental contemporary issues of cosmopolitan justice, such as human rights, humanitarian law, the rights of minorities and global public space (Part III)
Momméja, Adèle. "Les enfants d'immigrés au temps du droit à la différence : socio-histoire d'une politique compassionnelle." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100086.
This thesis analyses the invention, in the late 1970’s, of a « second generation problem » by a transnational network of experts, scholars and bureaucrats who gave increasing significance to a group which was still nowhere to be found, that is, not used as an ordinary self-identification category. It studies the borrowing of the “second generation” category form American sociology and the translation work conducted by experts to adapt it to the post-migratory European situation. It also investigates the appearance of a new knowledge adapted to the North African immigran children’s “specificities” and tries to understand the role of social sciences in the formation of an undefined social group. The research then focuses on the circulation of the “second generation” category between the public policy realm and the protests realm. We analyse the formation of protests behind closed doors which allowed claims on ethnic bases, and the emergence of spokespersons among the second generation. We seek to identify the emergence of new opportunities for a generation of immigrants’ children, by investigating simultaneously the activists’ careers in a diachronic perspective and the protests’ sequence of events in a pragmatic perspective. We finally address the biographical impact of a politics based on interpersonal bonds of recognition and disconnected from any measures against racial inequality. The troubles ex-activists had to recover from the end of protests and the confusion it generated are viewed as a consequence of a politics of compassion which nurtured hope but at the same time laid the foundation for its own failure
Mynard, Frantz. "Droit domanial et formation du droit public fluvial (1669-1835)." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G027.
As well as being a means of regaining legal ground in the Middle Ages, rivers under royal supervision were instruments of modelisation within the state system as much for the territorial make up and the setting up of borders as for the modes of administrative penetration. Contrary to received wisdom, the establishment of French laws governing the rivers of the Crown stems from a geography of sovereignty. From the beginning of the concept of “bien domanial par nature”, the introduction of public laws codified as early as the “Ancien Régime”, reveals the importance and the history of "matters of water" in the origins of the theories regulating the state property within administrative laws. Also the river system model pioneered a tradition unknown to the specialised lawyers and public law professionals who took part in the creation of the first classification nomenclatures and the rising systemization of administrative laws under the Restauration. This research proposes for the first time, at the turning point of survival, economic and defence stakes, a history of public laws on river
Forlen, Antonin. "La dimension historique de la notion d'ordre public (XVIe-XIXe siècles)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAA005.
This dissertation deal with the historical dimension of the notion of public order. Public order is often used today but its meaning remains unclear. The study of the birth and evolution of public order, since the 16th century, allows a better understanding of its impacts on modern societies. It shows that public order is a notion used to summarise a vast range of public policies designed to protect society and people. It is also used to control and to drive the society in the way the political power intends.The study argues that the historical model of public order, though created in a pragmatic way in the Ancien Régime, then continued to be valid after the Revolution and is still, up to a point, valid today
Miranda, Alizée. "L’impossible gouvernance mondiale en droit international public contemporain : étude du projet de réforme des Nations Unies de Grenville Clark et Louis Sohn." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0450.
Grenville Clark and Louis Sohn's World Peace Through World Law, published between 1958 and 1973, helped shape international law in the second half of the twentieth century by supporting the idea of achieving lasting peace through legal and coercive mechanisms. More specifically, it was a proposal to reform the United Nations Charter, establishing a global federal state and a plan for the general and complete disarmament of states. These proposals may seem ambitious today, but were at the heart of the political and legal debates of the period.The study of this unaccomplished attempt allows us to grasp how international law was structured at the time, while offering an original perspective on key legal concepts such as State, sovereignty, international institutions and the international jurisdictional system. Through an analysis of the work of Grenville Clark and Louis Sohn, this thesis explores the elements that shaped international law and highlights the decisive influence of the factors of trust between states and the pursuit of their immediate interests
Mingashang, Ivon. "L'actualité de l'affaire de la Caroline en droit international public: la doctrine de la légitime défense préventive en procès." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210494.
La doctrine de la légitime défense préventive en procès.
La principale préoccupation au centre de cette recherche a consisté à trancher la controverse qui divise les spécialistes au sujet de la légalité de la doctrine de la légitime défense préventive, spécialement du point de vue du système juridique international institué au lendemain de la deuxième Guerre mondiale. La doctrine en cause préconise clairement qu’un gouvernement d’un Etat, qui éprouverait des craintes ou des soupçons d’une menace d’attaque contre son intégrité territoriale, et dans une certaine mesure, ses intérêts éparpillés à travers le monde, serait autorisé à frapper militairement l’Etat dont le territoire est susceptible de constituer le point de départ de telles menaces :soit, parce qu’un tel Etat détient les armes de destruction massive, notamment l’arme nucléaire et les armes chimiques ;ou soit parce qu’il hébergerait des bandes hostiles, en l’occurrence, les groupes terroristes, à l’origine de ses craintes. Les partisans de cette thèse soutiennent qu’il s’agit là d’une norme de nature coutumière élaborée à l’issue du règlement de l’affaire de la Caroline survenue en 1837, entre la Grande Bretagne et les Etats-Unis d’Amérique.
En effet, un petit navire battant pavillon américain, dénommé la Caroline, avait l’habitude d’effectuer des navettes entre les territoires de Buffalo, aux Etats-Unis, et Navy Island, au Canada. Et dans cet ordre d’idées, il entama comme à l’accoutumée, la traversée du fleuve Niagara en embarquant à son bord des passagers, vers le Canada, en date du 29 décembre 1837. Mais il fut, dans ce contexte, accusé de transporter des rebelles qui étaient sur le point d’envahir le territoire canadien. C’est ainsi qu’à l’issue de ses voyages opérés durant la journée du 29 décembre 1837, alors qu’il se trouvait déjà accosté dans un port situé dans les eaux intérieures américaines, une intervention armée, décidée par le gouvernement anglais, avait eu lieu sur le territoire des Etats-Unis durant cette nuit là. Elle s’est soldée par la destruction de nombreux biens américains, dont le navire en question, qui fut au final coulé dans le fleuve Niagara.
Cet incident va du coup provoquer une grande controverse diplomatique entre les deux Etats précités. La Grande-Bretagne prétendit notamment que ce navire était engagé dans des opérations pirates, et que par ailleurs, sa destruction par ses forces armées relevait de l’exercice du droit d’autoconservation et de légitime défense. Mais au termes de nombreux rebondissements, le Secrétaire d’Etat américain, du nom de Daniel Webster, adressa en date du 24 avril 1841, une note diplomatique à l’Ambassadeur britannique basé à Washington, M. Henry Fox, dans laquelle il contestait l’ensemble de motifs avancés par la Grande-Bretagne, mais en insistant spécialement sur le fait que la destruction de la Caroline, aurait été acceptée comme relevant de la légitime défense, si et seulement si, les forces britanniques ayant agi militairement au cours de cette nuit là étaient en présence « d’une situation de nécessité absolue de légitime défense, pressante, écrasante, ne permettant pas le choix des moyens, et ne laissant pas de temps pour délibérer ». Un consensus de principe se serait donc, semble-t-il, formé autour de ce dictum, mais non de son application aux faits d’espèce.
C’est en prenant en compte les considérations historiques qui précèdent que beaucoup d’auteurs, essentiellement anglo-saxons, se permettent d’affirmer que l’affaire de la Caroline est un précédent fondateur de la légitime défense en droit international public. Et dans cette même optique, considérant par ailleurs que la singularité de cette note consiste dans le fait de subordonner la validité de telles actions armées anticipatives, à l’existence d’une menace imminente d’attaque du territoire canadien par des insurgés, la célèbre formule de Webster précitée aurait également consacré de ce fait même, la doctrine de la légitime défense préventive en droit international coutumier.
Notre hypothèse de travail est simple. En effet, nous partons du point de vue selon lequel, le raisonnement des partisans de la doctrine de la légitime défense préventive, fondée spécialement sur le précédent de la Caroline, soulève de vrais problèmes d’équilibre et de cohérence du système international élaboré après la deuxième Guerre mondiale, dans la mesure où, il aboutit dans ses applications, à cautionner, au sujet de l’interdiction de la force, l’existence d’un ordre juridique ambivalent. Autrement dit, si l’on transpose les enseignements tirés de l’affaire de la Caroline, dans le droit international positif, on aurait immanquablement, d’un côté, un régime conventionnel restrictif de la Charte, qui limite la possibilité de riposter militairement à la seule condition où un Etat a déjà effectivement subi une attaque armée. Tandis que de l’autre côté, on aurait parallèlement un régime coutumier plus permissif, qui laisserait à l’Etat un pouvoir discrétionnaire d’appréciation des circonstances de temps et de lieux, dans lesquelles il peut se permettre de frapper militairement un autre Etat, en invoquant la légitime défense.
Le travail de déconstruction auquel nous avons procédé pendant nos recherches, nous a amené à constater, au bout de cette thèse, que tous les arguments qui sont généralement invoqués par les partisans du précédent de la Caroline présentent des limites et des excès, dans leur prétention à fonder juridiquement, une règle de légitime défense préventive en droit international public, et du coup, ils doivent être relativisés dans leur teneur respective. Pour cette raison, nous soutenons en ce qui nous concerne l’hypothèse selon laquelle, le droit international public en vigueur, ne permet pas encore en son état actuel, l’extension du champ opératoire du concept de légitime défense, tel que stipulé à l’article 51 de la Charte, de manière à justifier l’emploi de la force dans les rapports entre les Etats, en cas d’une simple menace, peu importe son intensité et sa nature, tant qu’il n’y a pas encore eu véritablement une attaque armée de la part de l’Etat envers qui on agit militairement. En conséquence, la tentative doctrinale qui consiste à justifier l’existence d’une règle coutumière, autorisant la légitime défense préventive, en se fondant sur l’autorité de l’affaire de la Caroline, procède en quelque sorte d’un malentendu doublé d’un anachronisme évident.
Bruxelles, le mardi 6 mai 2008
Ivon Mingashang
Doctorat en droit
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Guliyev, Khagani. "La Mer caspienne et le droit international." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAA003.
The Caspian Sea which has become the object of international law since the eighteenth century has never had a clear legal status. This space of which the aquatic nature is not defined was dominated by the Soviet Union until 1991. However, following the collapse of the USSR, the Caspian Sea - now surrounded by five littoral States (Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkmenistan) - has re-emerged on the international scene, especially because of its rich natural resources. It is precisely in these circumstances that the question of legal status of the Caspian Sea under international law arose in the late twentieth century. Therefore, it is necessary to form an adequate and sustainable long-term legal regime of theCaspian Sea and to find solutions for the settlement of legal disputes between the Caspian States
Nour, Sckell Soraya. "La justice cosmopolite : histoire des principes et enjeux contemporains." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100194.
Cosmopolitan justice presupposes justice in the order of a State as well as international justice, but differs from these two forms in that it questions the just and unjust concerning human beings as such and as a unique individual, beyond one’s status as a resident, national or citizen of a State, and also takes into account future generations and the environment. Being cosmopolitan has an individual and collective dimension related to the construction of the self (a cosmopolitan self), to one’s way of thinking and living in its everyday dimension (action from a cosmopolitan standpoint) and a reflection on what is just and unjust cosmopolitanism, the emergence of social groups that require cosmopolitanism and the normativity of national, international and supranational institutions that want to achieve it. Thus, the notion of cosmopolitan justice proves to be a common object in the field of philosophy, political science, sociology, cultural studies, social psychology and law. This thesis first analyzes the challenges of cosmopolitan justice as they were formulated in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries by Hobbes, Kant, Hegel and Alexander von Humboldt, comparing their ideas with contemporary debates (Part I). It then analyzes new issues regarding cosmopolitan justice that emerged in the twentieth century with Freud, Kelsen, Critical Theory and Bourdieu (Part II). Finally, an analysis is offered on fundamental contemporary issues of cosmopolitan justice, such as human rights, humanitarian law, the rights of minorities and global public space (Part III)
Roch, François. "Vers un nouveau paradigme planétaire en matière de développement ? Contribution à l'histoire du droit international et du développement." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA111031.
The history of development was marked by two great revolutions. The Neolithic revolution has seen humanity passed of an economy organized around Paleolithic hunting, fishing andgathering to a Neolithic economy based mainly on agriculture and livestock. The first planetary revolution is characterized by the transition from a nomadic to a sedentary lifestyle;himself eventually leading to the birth of the first civilizations of antiquity. The Industrialrevolution, the second planetary revolution, is a second major break in development history.This revolution is essentially characterized by the transition from a predominantly agrariansociety to a predominantly industrial and urban.Against a backdrop of global crisis, including appreciating in terms of the obvious failure ofthe MDGs, we hypothesize a third planetary revolution with a magnitude that could becomparable to the previous two. Since the beginning of industrial revolution, the world hasexperienced an economic and population growth unprecedented, certainly at the origin ofsignificant progress, but also an exponential increase of its ecological footprint. Through thestudy of major contemporary paradigms of development, we prospectively decided to revisitthe UN model and framework. At the crossroads of different national models, the UN is themost appropriate place to address this issue. Finally, since behind this global crisis lies aprofound ecological crisis, we believe that the next paradigm that will emerge, for reasonsthat are set, is going to be the result of a dialectic between anthropocentric models, on onehand, and biocentric models, on the other hand
Jalilossoltan, Nader. "Les Nations Unies et le maintien de la paix après la fin de la guerre froide." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21016.
The end of the cold war, symbolized by the fall of the berlin wall on 9 november 1989, gave rise to two phenomena interesting and shaping the united nations peacekeeping mechanism. The first one is the appearance of many civil armed conflicts, specially in europe and in africa, often naturally ethnical. This first phenomenon goes with a second one, directly linked to the end of the communism as state organization system, that is an indisputable easing of tension in international relations and the formation of a certain view similarity among greate powers regarding the management of world affairs. This detente and this quasi-unanimity have been inevitably transmited to uno which, leaving its characteristic lethargy, emarked on an all over activism to treat these new conflicts, sometimes neglecting to plan an irreproachable legal framework or appropriate means. From then on, nothing stands in the way of a quasi-comprehensive implementation of the united nations charter, leading to adoption and to application of varied and innovative measures, consensual - + preventive diplomacy ;, + peacekeeping ; measures and also the + second generation ; peacekeeping operations - as well as coercive - embargos, sui generis non-military coercive measures and military measures -, clearly contrasting with the essentially consensual practice before the fall of the berlin wall. Consequently, after 1989, the maintenance of peace by uno establishe the return to the united nations charter and the revival of the world organization. However, this success might be discovered temporary given the facte that the member states willpower remains fundamentally necessary so that the united nations be able to express its potentiality
Ancel, Baudouin. "Lois de police et ordre public dans le droit des conflits (XIIe siècle-XXe siècle) : genèse et réception de l'article 3, alinéa 1er du Code civil." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020043.
This research aims at shedding light on the historical background of the avatars of two mechanisms now integrated into the French system of private international law: lois de police (i.e. overriding mandatory rules) and (international) ordre public (i.e. public policy). Both share the common feature of opposing the normal interplay of choice-of-law rules and rely on Art. 3, para. 1 of the 1804 Civil Code. Preventing by pre-emption infringements of utilitas publica vel communis or reacting to them by eviction from the normally applicable law, these two types of norms have emerged from a common history beginning with the antecedents of prohibitive and territorial statutes identified by medieval romano-canonical commentators. Then members of the Dutch and French Schools adapted the two concepts to the prevailing hypothesis at the end of the Ancien Régime, that of conflicts of sovereignties. In 1804, lois de police and ordre public were collected in the French Civil Code. Thanks to the joint work of scholars and case law, on the one hand, and to a reaction to the hybrid notion of lois d’ordre public that emerged over the next century, on the other hand, the distinction between the two concepts was made possible at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. As conflict of sovereignties declined, leading to a loss of interest in public law, or even in criminal law, and as a more private-law-driven representation arose, without ignoring, however, growing state interventionism, the distinction has been confirmed between the two concepts: lois de police or d’application immédiate, promoting the utilitas communis, and exception d’ordre public, defending fundamental values
L'Eplattenier, Marc. "L'apartheid : de la segrégation à l'autodétermination ?" Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX32023.
Insted united nations, apartheid is a racist juridic system based on racial segregation and racial discrimination, that the international community condamned as "crime against humanity". Indeed, it is an ideology which defend the right to self-determination of the ethno-nations and organize a global right (internal and international) of self-determination in favour of nationalities with or without national territory. Invented to bring a pacific solution to inter-ethnic problems in south africa, its ideology development, in an essential constitutional order, has wanted to be or could be an example for states with plural population
Verdebout, Agatha. "Deconstructing 'Indifference': A Critical Analysis of the Traditional Historical Narrative on the Use of Force." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/258576.
Doctorat en Sciences juridiques
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Mazaudoux, Olivier. "Droit international public et droit international de l'environnement /." Limoges : Pulim, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb412344924.
Compaore, Delphine. "Le sport, analyseur de la place de l'Afrique dans la coopération internationale : l'exemple de la politique sportive de la France en Afrique-Burkina faso (1960- 2010)." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00787630.
Couveinhes, Matsumoto Florian. "L'effectivité en droit international public." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020058.
The principle of effectiveness suggests that facts have primacy over law. However the notion of effectiveness is paradoxically featured in international law itself. The meaning of effectiveness is the subject of much controversy due to the dichotomy between what effectiveness means in general and the actions taken to achieve it. The notion of effectiveness is, in practice, both contrary to and included in international law. For moral reasons, many international rules restrict the recognition of effective situations. Yet, in many cases taking effective situations into account is essential for the effectiveness of the law. In order to ensure compliance with the law, the States, judges and scholars may assess the facts as regards their “effectiveness”, without considering the rules which seem however to be applicable or the legal representations of these facts. However law is only partially excluded when dealing with the facts and the way it is done as well as the legal consequences of this exclusion differ according to political choices. That is why the use of the principle of effectiveness in international law cannot be considered as a mere registration of fact. In international law the notion of effectiveness has two main functions. Firstly, the effectiveness of power acts as a way of identifying subjects of international law which makes it possible to define the territorial and personal scope of their jurisdiction, makes them subject to international rules and pragmatically assesses whether they are liable. Secondly, the effectiveness of States' international claims or the effectiveness of some aspects of their national laws are used as conditions to assess their legal effects internationally. This research does not focus on the primacy of fact over law but shows the paradox between the practical requirements of an effective defence of legal certainty, justice and of peace
Frasson-Quenoz, Florent. "La construction de la communauté de sécurité africaine : une perspective africaine." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30015.
The difficulties met to insure the preservation of the peace and the international security on the African continent constitute a real obstacle to the economic development, a danger for the populations and a serious threat for the survival of States.The classic theoretical tools of the international security having proved insufficient to provide an answer to this issue, our objective is to determine, on the basis of the constructivist approach, whether African States show a real willingness and\or a capacity to build a Security Community (SC) that would be able to overcome these difficulties.In order to do so we question whether a link exists between the production of “speech acts” on the one hand and the promotion and the adoption of pacific regulation norms for conflicts on the other, and we examine the way African States apprehend their relations with other members of the supposed SC.The additional use of the concept of “region” and the adoption of an African perspective allow us to divide the object of study "Africa" into several subsets more propitious to the achievement of a scientific study, and to evaluate the relevance and the meaning of the SC concept when applied to the African field of study
Callé, Pierre. "L'acte public en droit international privé /." Paris : Économica, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/477229298.pdf.
Benhenda, Mohammed. "La frontiere en droit international public." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05D001.
From the state constituents, the most tangible element is the territory. It is delimited by the frontier that separates the competencies between states. The frontier can be established by a conventional act and jurisdictional act or by international public law in accordance with the international law. The latter must be meticulously prepared and accepted after mature reflection as the juridical inter-state security depends on them. The definition of the frontier implies the definition of the territory's juridical status. The delimitation of a country's frontiers is not a requirement to its existence but rather a peace factor. The juridical frontier is inviolable and intangible. Its transgression is an agression. Being both a juridical and a political operation, the delimitation has to be followed by the demarcation. The enforcement makes of the frontier a precise and permanent line that cannot be questioned even by a fundamental change in the circumstances. In the case of a succession, the frontiers are imposed upon the successor, this is uti possidetis. Then neither its juridical value nor its universal reach can be contested any more. The law, the jurisprudence is categorical. The frontier intangibility and the territorial integrity must not transgress the right of nations to self determination. The latter solely applies to lawfully formed states and it wears off in all other cases. If the frontier offers a favorable space to cooperation in both a centralized and a non-centralized scope, its variety may generate conflicts. The law prohibits any resort to force in order to achieve a settlement. The settlement should be peaceful. Any territorial acquisition. Frontier rectification or state creation resulting from the use of force is invalid and it commits its author's responsibility. The recognition of illegitimacy or of a state de facto does not change in any way the content of the violated right. These principles are universally recognized
Bonan, Sylvie. "La privatisation en droit international public." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100141.
Callé, Pierre. "L'acte public en droit international privé." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN0069.
Hoeffner, Werner. "L'ouvrage public et le droit international." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE0042/document.
The study aims to analyse the various interactions between international law and the State's right to use its land, granted by its territorial sovereignty. The study provides numerous examples of these interactions (construction of public works by a riparian State of an international watercourse, legal effects attached to the construction of such public works under the UN Convention of the Law of the Sea, rights and obligations of multilateral development banks, etc)
Pampoukis, Charalampos. "L'acte public en droit international privé." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010251.
The term "public act" defines acts which have accomplished from public authorities. According to the function assumed by the public authority and the scope of its participation in the frafting of the act, we may distinguish between the "decision" and the "quasi-public act". The method of recognition has as object the conditions under which the effects of the foreign public act will be accepted in the requesting state. Accordingly the nature of each norm has to be submitted to an appropriate control. That is known as the principle of specificity. The examination of the particular problem of recognition of foreign "quasi-public acts" illustratest this thesis
Munsch, Catherine. ""Action humanitaire et droit international public" Etude des incidences de l'action humanitaire sur le droit international public." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR1003.
Lenchantin, de Gubernatis Sandrine. "Recherches sur l'ordre public transnational." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE0019.
Stribis, Ioannis. "La manifestation des lacunes en droit international public." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010278.
Surrel, Hélène. "Le pétitionnement : étude de droit international public." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON10004.
Jaubert, Agnès. "Le droit international public et la femme." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0046.
Nang, Ekomie Alain Patrick. "Les accords secrets en droit international public." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100105.
As a result of the specificity. Of the judicial effects of the secret phenomenon, secret agreements in international public law constitue a category of atypical agreements. As a treaty the contents of which are not made public, the concept of secret agreement differs from that of a non-published agreement. Secret agreements are characterized by numerous contradictions. The existence of secret agreements is a constant in international public law. In fact they have been ruling the relations between states for a long tune ; nevertheless, their judicial validity has always been disputed by a part of the doctrine because the practice of secret agreements is by far too anti-democratic as well as dangerous for international relations. Besicles it appears that the secret phenomenon modifies the conditions of the extinction of secrets agreements ; therefor, as far as agreements are concerned, publishing, which traditionally represents a judicial condition of the existence of the agreement, becomes a modality of extinction. Last, by determining that secret agreements are non-invocable between the parties, within the bounds of the Pact and of the Charter, the articles 18 of the Part of the Society of the Nations and 102 of the Charter of the United Nations have created the conditions of a true irresponsability of secret agreements
Candiago, Noémie. "La dette écologique en droit international public." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LAROD007/document.
The ecological debt is a concept which was developed at the beginning of the 90s in order to fight against the burden of financial debts which crippled the budgets of developing States. States and the civil society used the theoretical and practical knowledge developed by researchers in social and economic sciences to criticize an unequal worldorder, leading to continuous environmental degradation and as such, a characteristic of an unequal ecological exchange. For the different actors, the concept of ecological debt took on various meanings so that we can now dissociate four different discourses. For each discourse, we have identified one or more legal mechanism, but most of them often turn out to be unfit to meet the claims of ecological debt advocates. It appears that only the community version of ecological debt is efficient without being counter-productive. Our analysis of the climate regime in international law confirms this result since norms that empower local communities seem more efficient to reduce climate debt
El, Jadie Amna. "L'énergie nucléaire et le droit international public." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1006/document.
All states without discrimination have an inalienable right to develop the uses of nuclear energy for civilian purposes, provided they do not divert these peaceful uses to nuclear weapons. However, five states have been granted the right to possess these weapons, that is : United-States, France, Russia, China and United-Kingdom. Around this position a fierce debate, both legal and ethical, has been raised. Indeed for its opponents nuclear represents a persistent risk that is non controllable by science. Major nuclear accidents, radioactive wastes and the use of nuclear for military purposes are unmanageable risks of exceptionnal serious gravity. On the other hand, the proponents of this energy present it as safe, even as part of sustainable development. According to them, nuclear is a reliable means to fight global warming and is also a solution to the energy shortage the world is facing. When analyzing the reliability and the credibility of all arguments for and against this industry, it can be noticed that the lawfulness and legitimacy of the use of nuclear energy are ill-founded. Therefore, we believe there is a need to go beyond nuclear with the conclusion of an international convention dealing with the progressive but comprehensive nuclear ban
Le, Bris Catherine. "L'humanité saisie par le droit international public." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40043.
“Crime against humanity,” “elementary considerations of humanity”, “common heritage of mankind”, but also “human dignity,” “human security,” “human development,”. . . : Henceforth “humanity” has been absorbed by international law. This study aims at analyzing, thanks to the method of “open dialectic”, the scope of this concept within the international legal order. The purpose is mainly to identify its normative effects and to specify how it is linked up with other concepts (“sovereignty” in particular). The opinion defended here is that humanity complicates the international legal order, but does not change it drastically. Indeed, even though humanity is a fundamental principle of international law, it is not considered as a legal person of international public law. As a fundamental principle, humanity profoundly shapes human rights, humanitarian law, laws on bioethics, international criminal law, environment and spaces law while hustling laws on treaties and international responsibility. Nevertheless, humanity remains a passive subject in international law: although entitled to rights it lacks the representation that would enable it to exercise them. Creating a centralized institution is neither possible nor to be wished for. Nowadays, to a larger extent, states guarantee the rights of humanity. However this solution is unsatisfactory: enforcing those rights should be incumbent to multiple representatives, which implies the existence of a genuine human community
Dosen-Lepoutre, Manon. "Le pouvoir discrétionnaire en droit international public." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILD002.
What words should be used to describe the power of subjects of international law? Among a wide range of possibilities, it is sometimes described as “discretionary”. This choice is not accidental. Behind the apparent freedom conveyed by the term lies the rule of law. Discretion is both a recognition and a limitation of the power of the subjects of international law. The purpose of this study is to observe how the use of this concept contributes to the progress of the international legal order. In fact, the discretionary power has historically spread from domestic orders to the international order, in a deliberate and discursive movement initiated by a part of the internationalist doctrine to relegate sovereignty, perceived as the vector of an absolutism from which the discretionary power breaks away. The interest of this concept lies indeed in its ability to grasp the decision-making process. Its analytical decomposition highlights two stages: the determination of the opportunity to act and then the modalities of that action. Thus placed on a “scale” of discretion, power in international law is once again part of a dialectic between freedom and constraint. A study of case law confirms how international judges have shaped the concept around the issues of respect for the intended purpose of the powers and the adequacy of the factual and legal grounds of the action. Discretion under judicial review is both enshrined in and subordinated to international law
Vareilles-Sommières, Pascal de. "La compétence normative de l'Etat en matière de droit privé, droit international public et droit international privé." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010261.
Given a private law relationship, does the question wether a state has jurisdiction to regulate this relationship find answers in public international law, and if so, what is its substance ? state jurisdiction to regulate private law relationships is essentially regulated by private international law, which provides for jurisdiction to adjudicate (conflict of jurisdiction rules) and, rules of jurisdiction to prescribe (conflict of laws rules). In order to have an influence on the answers to questions implemented by this rules, public international law might either deprive them of efficacity by substitution of real internationalrules of jurisdiction, or prescribe to states which enact them to comply with some conditions of lawfulness. A quest on international prescription bearing on state jurisdiction in private law matters shows that international law does not contain in itself real rules of jurisdiction, but that it just regulates the way the states implement both their own jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of other states. The content of this regulation can be reduced to the principle of non-intervention of states in domestic affairs of other states. That means that international law forbids a state to challenge independance of another state in taking its place as a legislator or judge of all or a substantial partoi private law relationships belonging to its jurisdiction. A state which violates this principle would have to deprive of efficacity unlawful norms, according to international law of states responsibility ; the lawfulness and afficacity of these norms could even be challenged by third-states
Vareilles-Sommières, Pascal de. "La compétence internationale de l'État en matière de droit privé : droit international public et droit international privé /." Paris : LGDJ, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366947391.
Kawakami, Yoko. "Histoire du droit international pour l'éducation au développement durable." Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10011.
The last 25 years of the 20th century knew an exceptional trend to Development and Wealth, the poorest want to reach the same level than the richest. Aside, a new collection sorrow is developing as the global environment is getting wrong. Despite of its disturbing aspect, the Green Movement is however progressing. It is finding a kind of official place materializing a specific synthesis around the concept of sustainable development. The Brundtland Report officially declares the new references. The new principles are largely contested by economical like political actor, what makes necessary a global policy of education. This mission is given to the UNESCO. The dissertation analyzes the beginning of the project and the difficulties the UNESCO has to face. The author is presenting a critical and based on a strong argumentation report and she asks the good questions for a close future
Mattéi, Jean-Mathieu. "Histoire du droit de la guerre, 1700-1819 : introduction à l'histoire du droit international /." Aix-en-Provence : Presses universitaires d'Aix-Marseille, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41137501t.
Contient une biographie des principaux auteurs de la doctrine internationaliste de l'Antiquité à nos jours. Bibliogr. p. 1131-1223.
Aktypis, Spyridon. "L'institution de la légitime défense en droit international : du droit naturel à l'ordre public international." Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020029.
Cassella, Sarah. "L' état de nécessité en droit international public." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010297.
Pamboukis, Charalambos. "L' acte public étranger en droit international privé /." Paris : Libr. Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence, 1993. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/272109886.pdf.
Knopf-Silvestre, Frédérique. "L'ordre souverain de Malte en droit international public /." Villeneuve d'Ascq : Presses Univ. du Septentrion, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/34126816X.pdf.
Le, Boeuf Romain. "Le traité de paix en droit international public." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100046.
Peace treaty is an international legal act of a contractual nature, concluded by two or more States in order to end the war between them. Nevertheless, regarding both the circumstances of its conclusion and its content, this instrument is remotely compatible with the classical figure of international treaty. The requirement of free and equal wills faces both the existence of a prior use of force and the lack of reciprocity on the agreed rights and obligations. This does not mean that the instrument is solely the product of two forces confronting each other. In practice, the winner does not arbitrarily dictate its terms to a coerced vanquished. On the contrary, a peace treaty finds itself at the intersection of several legal mechanisms which partly determine the content and the extent of the respective rights and obligations of belligerents. Those mechanisms are mostly borrowed from the law of international responsibility and the law of collective security. They invite to consider the peace treaty not as the product of the exclusive application of the law of treaties, but as the result of simultaneous and potentially conflicting requirements of different bodies of rules. This dynamic approach of the instrument brings a new light on the substantive rules governing the end of international armed conflicts. It also permits to discuss certain representations sometimes hastily associated with the very concept of treaty
Bouriche, Marie. "Les instruments de solidarité en droit international public." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE0007.
Solidarity is a concept difficult to define. Encompassed by political science, economics, social science and law, solidarity, seldom defined, remains a vague and ambiguous concept. Often discredited by positivist jurists, but dear to objectivists, its links to law are not any less concrete. It represents the social link at the base of the formation of a group, and thus at the base of the formation of the law, according to the expression ubi societas, ibi jus. The study of the instruments of solidarity in international law reveals the different forms that solidarity takes, according to whether it develops within the sphere of the society of states, characterised by the supremacy of the principle of sovereignty, or within the sphere of the international community, which implies that states accept their interdependence. This study will allow us to determine the place of solidarity in international law and its scope in the international legal order
Ascensio, Hervé. "L'autorité de chose décidée en droit international public." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100143.
The notion of "authority of decisions" is used to describe and understand the juristic value in international law of a category of unilateral acts : those acts which may impose obligations to their subjects without their consent, such as decisions of the security council of the united nations. Reference to french public law can be useful, even if international law is a very different legal system characterized by a very loose structure. This authority is defined by four criteria : insertion in a legal system with an organic structure, existence of authoritative organs, binding effect of decisions, review of the decisions by a judicial organ. The first and the second criteria make clear that there are three types of organs capable of creating law unilaterally in international law: organs of international organizations, states as organs of international law, and "composite" organs. The third and fourth criteria show the specific relationship which is essential for authority : application and discussion of the authority of decisions. Then, the notion of "autorite de chose decidee" constitutes a very efficient tool to analyse all types of decisions in international law. Precisions about the obligation and about its limits in case of judicial review are provided. Consequently, decisions are obligatory and may be executed without delay. More developed international forces are required to make decisions more efficient
Albert, Sophie. "La condition des minorités en droit international public." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010264.
Moretti, Marco. "Le droit international public et les peuples nomades." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE0016.
Between the XVIth and the half of the XIXth century the international legal personality and the sovereignty of nomadic peoples were recognised both by the authors of International Law and by the States in their relationships with those peoples. At this time, the principles of international Law were different from the actual ones and derived from the law of nature. In this context any society endowed with a political organisation was considered as independent and sovereign, without any consideration for the form and the level of development of this organisation. Around the half of the XIXth century, however, naturalists concepts were abandoned and a new positive concept of International Law asserted itself. According to this new concept, International Law resulted exclusively from the principles set up and recognised by the States in their mutual relationships. Therefore, the rights of societies not yet organised in accordance with State's structure were no longer recognized by International Law. At the end of the second world war, as a consequence of the development of the international system of protection of human rights, the collective rights and distinct legal personality of non-State entities like peoples struggling for self-determination, minorities and indigenous peoples, were recognised and affirmed by International Law. Nomadic peoples fitting in one of those three legal categories, are nowadays protected and recognised by international law
Knopf-Silvestre, Frédérique. "L'Ordre souverain de Malte en droit international public." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10068.
Tranchez, Elodie. "Les conflits de normes en droit international public." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1052.
After years of discussion on the existence of international law, International law scholars are currently focalizing on a new subject: the disordered expansion and the fragmentation of international law. Indeed, conflicts of norms appear to be a new source of anxiety raising a new question: will international law survive? The question focuses on situations where two or more international norms impose international obligations that cannot be simultaneously complied with, which is without doubt a real challenge for modern international law. Trying to resolve that issue requires having a look on the conflict of norms resolution methods, but not only. A more theorical interrogation, that is how international law is thought as a whole, is raised by these situations. Our research shows in that aspect that very different solutions to the issue are conceivable, depending on the conception of international law as a traditional united hierarchized legal system or as a complex and pluralistic “ensemble”
Barbier, Sandrine. "La garantie en droit international public. Contribution à l’étude de la fonction exécutive en droit international." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100213.
This thesis deals with a specific aspect of the executive function in international law: guarantee as a particular legal technique. This technique, which appeared in the legal and political environment of the Balance of Powers in Europe, so as to maintain respect for independence and territorial integrity, for the neutrality of some States or for domestic political regimes, is often negatively understood: its use is indeed associated with resort to force or intervention of great Powers in weaker States’ affairs. An analytical approach of the notion, based on its substantial and formal criteria, however reveals that this classical element of interpersonal legal relationships also contains some usual features of the institutional legal framework: the guarantee may be defined as the entitlement of a third party to ensure, by means of enforcement, compliance with an international obligation in pursuance of a common interest. In this understanding, the guarantee may be considered outside of its classical operational field, i. e. the law of co-existence, and envisaged as an element of the law of international cooperation. Since the late 1980s’, institutional procedures combining assistance and sanction have actually developed in reaction to the breach of environmental (non-compliance procedures), disarmament, and human rights obligations. Consideration is usually given to these procedures in relation to a diluted approach of notions such as control or international responsibility. Using the notion of guarantee in that context makes it possible to develop a systematic understanding of notions associated with the executive function. It also conveys the permanence of the interpersonal model within the institutional order
Krokhalev, Sergey Krief-Semitko Catherine. "L'ordre public en droit international privé comparé français et russe." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2006. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0245648.pdf.