Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Histoire des îles britanniques'
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Reungoat, Sabine. "William Petty observateur de la population des iles britanniques." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040328.
Full textWilliam petty (1623-1687) is one of the English pioneers of demography. His interest in the study of population, which dates back to the years when he was in charge of the Cromwellian survey of Irish lands, led him to undertake a "political anatomy" aimed at assessing the country's economic and human resources. In the absence of a national census, petty produced the first estimates of the population of the British Isles based on statistical data, which form part of the subject matter of this work. Petty regarded the quantitative study of population as the only sound basis of government. His reflection on the structure and distribution of the population led him to tackle most political and social issues of restoration England, such as tax reform, penal policy, poor relief or employment. He also contemplated a final settlement of the Irish question based on the removal to England of a large part of the native population. The study of population dynamics took up most of Petty’s last years. His eagerness to promote population growth, typical of the populationist context in which he was working, spurred him to an analysis of nuptiality and the impact of demographic policies, thus opening new fields of investigation for future demographers. Petty's work brings out the ambiguous nature of 17th-century "political arithmetic", a discipline aimed both at a scientific depiction of reality and at political and social reform. It culminated in extravagant reform schemes, which reflect as much the scientific climate of the time as a strikingly acute perception of demographic mechanisms
Desmoulière, Paule. "Les recueils de poésie funèbre imprimés en Italie, en France et dans les Îles britanniques (1587-1644)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040096.
Full textThis dissertation is both a global and detailed study dedicated to collections of funeral verse published in Italy, France and the British Isles between 1587 and 1644. It follows a comparative approach, for several reasons. Firstly, because these works were written and published in several languages. Secondly, because of the number of engravings they contain and the close relationship they often bear to the fine arts. Since many of the poems printed within these works were first pinned to funeral hearses or catafalques, they must be considered in the light of funerary art and architecture. Thirdly, these works warranted a sociological and historical analysis because of their collective nature: they are the product of a group of authors, whose ideals and aspirations they embody. The initial part of this study presents the development of this type of funerary commemoration from its origins in late Quattrocento Italy to its later expressions in mid-sixteenth-Century England and France. The second chapter examines the evolution of these collections from the 1580s to the 1640s, as well as the identity of the deceased and their commemorators. The third chapter gives an overview of the great formal and rhetorical variety of the poems published in these collections. The case studies in chapter four illustrate how and why groups of authors assembled in order to conceive collections of funeral poetry. Finally, the last chapter is a brief survey of the relationships that these works bear with different types of funeral ceremonies
Lemée, Emmanuel. "Devenir prince : James Stuart, réseaux européens et ambitions britanniques (1660-1685)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUL097.
Full textThis thesis studies the political and social function of the brother to an early modern European King through the case study of James Stuart, Duke of York and Albany, brother to Charles II of England. A multifaceted prince, he had to reinvent himself and evolve to overcome multiple crises while staying the king’s loyal second. He did so using his own experience and personal preferences, gradually shaping the function of brother to the King to mirror his identity. The Stuart brothers shared the Crown’s burden: Charles ruled England, the political and economic heart of the British Isles, while James managed the geographical and social fringes of the realm, ensuring their fidelity to the Crown. He did so by becoming gradually the main patron in the British Isles and the cornerstone of English diplomacy. By the end of the 1670’s, he was overseeing the essential part of the negotiations with the Catholic powers in Europe, while managing most of the appointments in the King’s army and the Royal Navy. His function, while informal, made him one of the main promoters of war and peace alike. This enabled him not only to keep his position at court, despite growing oppositions, but also to become increasingly powerful and irreplaceable. In doing so, he helped gradually integrate the British fringes, speeding up the unification of England, Scotland, and Ireland. This princely role, which was meant to broadcast an attractive public image, instead made James Stuart appear to the English population as a warlike, corrupted, and ominous prince, thus creating the black legend attached to him
Frigault-Hamel, Patrice. "L'Île promise : la figure de l'«insula» chez Bède le Vénérable." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25282.
Full textSchoenenwald, Nicolas. "Les tempêtes en France et dans les îles Britanniques : des aléas aux événements." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010563/document.
Full textThrough France and the British Isles belong to the « temperate » zone, they both experience a lot of weather hazards. Among those hazards, winter storms are some of the most destructive ones, but in the same time they contribute to the thermal energy transfer from the tropical zone to the mid-latitudes. As a result, they play a major role in the world's thermal balance. In order to better understand the climatology of these meteors, a storm chronology has been established from the daily weather maps that are available since the end of 1864. More than 2400 cases have been identified which has allowed to measure the year-to-year and seasonal variability. Pressure data collected from the maps and their analysis show a deepening trend of their core pressures over the period. Wind directions displayed on the maps for different weather stations have been used to generate wind roses for a selection of Irish, British and French weather stations. The climatological study ends up in the calculation of the periodicity of storms as well as their link with the NAO. This study focuses then on a few storms that have been considered has events, either for the meteorologists or for the entire population of the country hit by the storm. Thus is highlighted the different stages of the meteorological understanding of wind storms in Europe. Moreover, the selected storms as social events underline economic and social evolutions as well as changes in the risk management of storms. These storms also show how a risk culture has emerged and how the risk memory has been re-activated
Raoulx, Benoît. "Îles du grand large : Des îles Feroe aux îles malouines." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN1118.
Full textMaldent, Olivier. "‘As if a picture had any sense to hurt a body’ : la représentation du corps du "non-civilisé" dans les Îles Britanniques, 1776-1815." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030146.
Full textAbstract This study aims at explaining the mechanisms that inform the way ‘uncivilized’ peoples’ bodies are represented in the British Isles between 1776 and 1815. It is based on a corpus of periodicals and novels cited in its title and, to a lesser extent, on some illustrations. It first demonstrates that there exists an unexpected if paradoxical link between the degree of ‘civilization’ that the British observer attributes to a given individual or group and the way this observer represents their bodies. It then explains how such a representation is largely conditioned by the theory of climates (aka ‘environmentalism’), the most sophisticated version of which was put forward by Buffon, but was then elaborated upon by other observers, in ways that turn out to disclose a transition that was then taking place. The transition in question is that by which racial theories, based on the idea that the body constitutes both a measurable and meaningful material, came to prevail. As this study seeks to prove, such theories are much less opposed to the previous ‘climatic’ ones than what academic doxa on the subject might lead us to believe. The reason is that ‘uncivilized’ peoples’ bodies contribute to shaping an ‘imperial body’ that is itself in progress and of which they become organs that are either perceived as unhealthy or vital. So it is precisely as a representation–and as nothing else–that the protean figure of the ‘uncivilized’ comes to life
Barbiche, Jean-Paul. "L'évolution des relations intercommunautaires dans les Antilles britanniques : de l'époque coloniale aux indépendances." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120008.
Full textAfter knowing considerable wealth which increased over a period of three hundred years, the british west indies sank into instant bankrupcy after the abolition of slavery. In order to get the ruined economy sarted again, indentured labourers were brought from madeira, india and as far as china. The arrival of these foreigners diversified the ethnosocial pattern of the colonies. Yet, the conditions under which this increase of population took place caused the society to split. In guyana, this evolved into a situation of political and racial prejudice and unrest. When the british west indies were able to master their own destiny, they made an attempt to federate. Unfortunately, it failed. Yet, the idea remained vivid, and it ultimately led to the creation of a common market : the caricom, which has now become a homogeneous force to reckon with in this region of the world so much looked upon by the great nations of our times
Wilhelm, Stephan. "Innovations segmentales et suprasegmentales dans le NW Yorshire : implications pour l'étude du changement accentuel dans l'anglais des îles britanniques." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665606.
Full textMoret, Frédéric. "Les socialistes britanniques et français et la ville : 1820-1850." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070013.
Full textThe thought of british and french socialists ou the city is full of rural nostalgy. The city is the place of the social cuisis, of economic, sanitary, architectural disovder. Urban conditions of life ( lodging, eating, education. . . ) avec used as argument for the socialist ideas promotion. Community will offer to its in habitants everything the city doesn't offer. However, the city has a very inportant place in the socialist theory. It is the place of history, progress, science, culture. Socialist militantism is only urban. Through the urban question, some socialists ( and particularly the fourievists) move to a politic approach
Nussbaumer, Marc. "Tensions et conflits autour des chemins de fer britanniques au XXé siècle." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1026.
Full textThiry, Sébastien. "Les Iles ioniennes de 480 à 167 avant J. -C. : étude de géopolitique." Le Mans, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEMA0003.
Full textThe historical evolution of the heptanese during the classical and hellenistic periods has been little studied until now. The main aim of this thesis is consequently, thanks to a geopolitical approach, to show the richness and the complexity of the international life of the four principal ionian islands forming this archipelago, namely, corcyra (corfu), leucas, cephallenia, and zacynthos. Located between the balkanic and aegean greek world on the east, and the italian-sicilian world on the west, these islands were geopolitical positions of great importance, coveted by all the imperialists powers anxious, between 480 and 167 b. C. , to take control of the ionian sea and the corinthian gulf, and therefore, of the maritime links between the two basins of the mediterranean sea : corinth, athens, sparta, macedonia, syracuse, carthage and rome were among these states that, either simply manifested their presence, or firmly established their domination there
Houmeau, Didier. "Les prisonniers de guerre britanniques de Napoléon 1er." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2010.
Full textAfter the breaking off of the Peace of Amiens, the Premier Consul keeps the British who were present on the French ground as hostages as a reply to the British Government who keeps also French prisoners. But the true reason is more economical. The British prisoners are treated differently from prisoners of war and are only used in what is useful, such as spinning factories.Having a precise census of the British population in the depots was difficult: the documents are incomplete and the transfers from depot to depot too often. There were four depots at the beginning but it went to twelve in 1810 and 15 by the end of the war.Social life is organized and the prisoners tend to recreate the “British way of life” with much rejoicing in the various depots. But money games bring quarrels and debts. Escapes arises hunger in the French War Ministry. Exchanges are seldom and wounded and disabled men are part of these exchanges. Health remains a major problem and food is of poor quality. Death rate is severe. Except weddings and births, they have not left anything as they did not build but remembrance is still there
Gagné, Pierre-Olivier. "Le koinon ionien : étude sur l'unité d'une région." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25207.
Full textKosmatou, Eftychia. "La population des Iles Ioniennes (18e-19e siècle)." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010503.
Full textGuerif, Benjamin François. "Rost (Norvège) et la mer à l'époque contemporaine (1800-1930)." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070040.
Full textRost is a little village, lost in the sea out of the Norvegian coast (Nordland). The sea is rich (cod fishing) but very daugerons, and looks also like a kind of frontier for the inhabitants. In I 800, 150 fishermenn live there, deeply depending on the sea to survive. This little Society has neverlheless develop an original way to adapt itself to these conditions. The main local authority is the pastor, the local solidarity is important, the poor are not abandoned The village, surrounded by a too dangerons see and considered as too poor, doesn't interest regional authorities and lives almost in self-government. But in the middle of the 19th century, the industrial revolution and the building of the new Norvegian state change the context. New fishing places are discovercd around the village, and technical progresses facilitate navigation. Hundreds of people emigrate to Rost, that begins to change quickly. We study these changing (transition to modernity) in relation to the tvolution of the influence of the sea on the local conditions of living and social relations. The method of analyse is based on the italian microstoria
Bonnaud, Laurent. "Lien fixe transmanche et relations franco-britanniques, perspectives historiques : 1856-1987." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040202.
Full textThe idea of crossing the channel has been circulating from 1856 in the leading French and British circles. It has played a part in the relationship between the two countries. The project of a rail tunnel began in 1880 but nevertheless failed, due to rivalries between its promoters, and to the British worries about national defence. New projects did not go beyond paper in the first half of the 20th century. Once Britain had abandoned their official opposition in 1956, investors proposed the shuttle system, which accommodates both rail and road traffic. The projects has acquired a European significance. The work began in 1973 were abandoned by the Wilson government. In 1986 Eurotunnel won a concession with its project of double rail tunnel with shuttles, finalized in October 1987
Pérotin-Dumon, Anne. "La ville aux îles, la ville dans l'île : Basse-Terre et Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, 1650-1815." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30068.
Full textA systematic study of different aspects of the town which yields new insights into the origins of urban society in the caribbean and offers, more broadly, a new framework for interpreting the region's past. The "urban history" literature since the 1960s provides a conceptual point of departure for a critical reading of caribbean historiography, dominated until recently by the paradigm of "plantation society". The case study of two still-existing towns of guadeloupe, in the lesser antilles, illustrates the general process of urbanization in the region. Secondary ports of 5. -10. 000 inhabitants(average for the period), both were born as "modern" towns between 1760 and 1815 (although the older dates from the 17th c. ). The study has six parts. The first presents the central thesis; the second, the earliest origins of the towns ; the third, their function as commercial ports, the fourth, issues of urban zoning and population, the fifth, those of space, construction and social geography; and the sixth, the character of their society, economy and culture. The study has two principal conclusions. First, that their beginnings as merchant towns in the shadow of military forts epitomizes the "logic" of history haunting caribbean societies since the 17th c. ; they are born as "commercial colonies". And second, that once in existence, the towns shaped the organization of geographic and administrative space on the island, and they initiated enduring changes, anticipating by a good half century the disintegration of slavery that would characterize island society as a whole in the 19th c
Bourmaud, François. "Les Britanniques et le développement des sports en France (1815-1914)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL031.
Full textDuring the 19th century, modern sports can be considered, along with parliamentary government, as « France's most important import from Britain » (Isabelle and Robert Tombs). This study aims at understanding the ways and means of this cultural transfer. It deals with the diffusion of British sports (cricket, football, rugby…) in France, and it also addresses the modernization of some French games and leisures, such as horse racing, canotage or vélocipède, when they encountered the British sporting model. Our work is a contribution to French sport history, to Franco-British studies, and to the history of modern sports diffusion throughout the world. It relies on a sociocultural approach using sources and archives from both sides of the Channel. It analyses the circulation of practices, the role played by cultural go-betweens, the successes and the failures of transfers, as well as the imitations and changes in the appropriation of British sporting ethos in France
Sévin-Allouet, Christophe. "Durabilité et hiérarchie des sépultures collectives dans le Nord-Ouest de la France et dans les Îles Britanniques (4500-2500 avant J. -C. )." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010535.
Full textRallu, Jean-Louis. "Evolution de la population des archipels du Pacifique aux XIXe et XXe siècles." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010588.
Full textThe rapid decrease of oceanian populations following the coming of europeans in the islands is a subject of controversy. The marquesas islands are one of the most wellknown cases of depopulation. Census data show a rapid decrease. A reconstitution of the genealogies enabled us to do a study using methods of modern historical demography. The decrease of the population 8- 2 % a year) stated by 1830, independent of epidemics. The continuous decrease was partly due to high proportions of infer- tile woman (over 25% in generations born in the nineteenth century) as a consequence of veneral diseases. The main cause of population decrease was high mortality (life expectancy at birth diseases introduced by the newcomers. Medical services were very poor. The population of Tahiti is evaluated at 70 000 persons by 1967. A rapid decrease occured then. Other monographs of the second part of the dissertation show rapid population decrease in several islands in Polynesia and Melanesia. On another hand a slow population decrease affected many islands. Few islands had a stable population
Gani, Raphaël. "Comment résumeriez-vous l'histoire de votre pays? : enquête auprès de Canadiens, d'Américains, de Britanniques et de Français (2011)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30526/30526.pdf.
Full textJakupovic, Adi. "STYLOS ET FUSILS: La Yougoslavie dans les journaux britanniques, 1941-1945." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27294/27294.pdf.
Full textLazari, Sevasti. "Economies et sociétés des îles de la mer Egée pendant l'occupation ottomane : le cas de Mykonos." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010543.
Full textOur study concerning the evolution of the island's population is based on archival sources compared to fiscal ones. We have also studied: the sanitary system of the island, the educational level of its population, their various occupations; their names that reveal the different professions exerced on the island and the different places of origin of its people as well as their meticulous efforts to distinguish the different sorts of lineage: the city's development through the ages and the existing sorts of houses as they are assumed by their fiscal price. The duties and competences of the island's authorities are compared to those of its lease-holder (when existing). Other officials necessary to the function of its communal system are: the chancellor, the special representative, the account-controlers and several tax-collectors. The island's revenues surpass considerably its purchace price but the extraordinary taxes levy heavily upon the island inhabitants and result in its great indebtedness in the 19th century. The agricultural production is insufficient for the needs of the people
Joubert, Jean-Louis. "Insularité et littératures : recherches sur les littératures de langue française aux îles de l'Océan indien." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040119.
Full textPerrin, Stéphanie. "Les trésors de vaisselle précieuse dans les Îles Britanniques à la période romaine : pratiques de déposition de la vaisselle d’argent et d’étain dans l’Antiquite Tardive." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040234.
Full textSeveral hoards of precious vessels come from Roman Britain, some of them were found outside imperial boundaries (Scotland and Ireland) and represent loots of pirates. They were deposited during all Roman period, especially during the 3rd to the 5th centuries. Though large silver treasures are very rare there, this region is very rich in hoards of small precious objects of gold and silver (spoons, strainers, toothpicks, jewellery, coins, ingots…). In the meantime pewter industry flourishes from the 3rd century and vessels of this matter are produced in great quantity and diffused through the entire island, imitating silver vessels of the same period. It is often called the "poor man's silver".Through a descriptive catalogue of 229 Roman pewter and silver vessels hoards and single finds from the British Isles, this study starts with a typological and stylistic analysis of precious vessels and their imitations (forms, decoration, and techniques). It continues with a classification of all treasures and hoards that contain silver or pewter vessels, through a comparison of what they contained and where they were buried. Some of them could be of votive origin, inherited from Bronze Age
Sawaya, Jean-Pierre. "Les Sept-Nations du Canada et les Britanniques, 1759-1774 : alliance et dépendance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ66334.pdf.
Full textLherm, Adrien. "La fête d'Halloween dans les îles britanniques et les pays nord-américains du XVIIe s. à nos jours : paradoxes d'une fête et contradictions de la modernité." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010606.
Full textBouledroua, Nadjib. "Missions et missionnaires anglicans en Afrique de l'Ouest et spécialement chez les Yoroubas de 1841 à 1914." Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA12I003.
Full textIn order to put an end to the barbaric traditions of the africans, the christian missions were determined to change completely the pagan mind, by imposing upon him a new and better civilisation: christianity. To satisfy the philanthropic policy of the beginning of the 19th century, the church missionary society began in 1841, the spiritual conquest of the yorubas. Thanks to the educated slaves, victorian values, legitimate trade and christianity found many partisans among the yorubas of west africa. Thanks to the c. M. S. Institutions in sierra leone, many freed slaves acquired a new profession. Some became missionaries, then they returned to their respective villages to preach the gospel to the natives. If the policy of the english philanthropist found many obstacles after 1861, it was because of the british colonial policy, which was looking for more influence in africa. The anglican and african missionaries played a great role in changing the native mind. Despite the conflicts, the anglican missionaries and the africans helped each other. The doctrine of the philanthropist, thomas fowell buxton, the bible and the plough had a big success in the yoruba land. It put an end to the slave trade, helped the introduction of christianity, the establishment of legitimate trade and the education of the natives
Touré, Aboubacar. "L'impact des rivalités franco-britanniques dans la Mellacorée sur les populations locales dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10026.
Full textEngland replies an offensive mercantilism against the strict regime of the exclusive commended by france. Signed on 10 february to put an end to the anglo-french war, the treaty of paris gave the england the senegalese coast, where a few french trading posts and establishments were settled. The territory also entailed the south rivers and the mellacoree. From that former colonial territory, the island of goree was the only thing left for france. The expedition of egypt under the directorate and the breach of the peace of amiens, could not conceal the perverse effects of the abolition of slavery. Nevertheless, the 1814 and 1815's treaties allowed france to get back her former possessions : senegal and the south rivers (including the mellacoree). Then, the political leaders of the mellacoree had been invited to sign treaties of protectorate, that england and france proposed to them without worrying about each other's presence. During the succession war of moria, the protagonists took the opportunity to get involved in the clans' war which turned into a colonial war where french and english proponents and opponents fought against each other. This long war ended in 1890. The rivalties came to an end in favour of different arrangements that solved the litigious issue of the boundaries' demarcation. As a result, a policy to demantle the former principalities followed, whereas a new body of chiefs submitted to the colonial rule was being promoted
Payen, Pascal. "Les îles nomades : comment résister à la conquête chez Hérodote." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHESA331.
Full textOn one hand, herodotus' inquiry reports the plan of domination which from croesus to xerxes composes the system of the relation between greeks and barbarians. But on the other hand, large sections describe customs and many people's area when they are threatened by conquest. This discrepancy has its roots in the material conditions of creativity and reading in the fifth century b. C. -, and to the narrative forms available to herodotus (livres, ainos, lists,. . . ). From this substratum, three figures are brought to the fore : conquest, insularity, algerity. However, no conqueror was praised nor spoken of as a victor, while people shown opposed their individual space and their peculiar customs, that is to say a way of life set up as a strategy of resistance. All of them opposed because they combined the specific island's insularity with their escape modelled on the nomadic example. Greeks also, now insatiable but defeated conquerors, now unconquered fighters, contribute, in herodotus, to prove that the other is looking like the fighter rather than the barbarian. So it is really another manner of describing the past, which brings out of oblivion all the people described, not the heroic deeds of the kings. The same images are used to describe the insular and nomadic resistance and to show the progression of writing, thus in relation of homology with its object. The analysis uses a philological approach of lexical areas, the narrative structures and the categories of anthropology to establish form's imaginary about an historiographical account
Bessis, Sandrine. "Souvenir des ancêtres et histoire orale au Vanuatu. Les récits de chefferies anciennes aux îles Shepherd." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030073.
Full textIn the middle of the 15th century, in central Vanuatu, the Kuwae volcano erupted. This cataclysm with global consequences gave rise, on a local scale, to the dislocation of a mythical island into an archipelago — the Shepherd Islands. For dozens of generations, the descendants of the pre-eruption people have been transmitting and confronting their versions of the Kuwae myth, particularly in the context of land disputes. These legitimizing discourses, endowed with a social efficacy at the very moment of their enunciation, summon a panoply of proofs, by virtue of a certain logic of historical truth. In the 1960s, it was these historico-mythical discourses from the old chiefdoms that enabled the archaeologist José Garanger to discover burials, thus corroborating the historical reliability of the oral tradition. Based on three distinct genres of discourse on the past, collected in the field in the Namakura and Nakanamanga languages, we propose to document and study the socio-historical scope of the Kuwae myth
Pontier, Bernard. "Une ile britannique. L'insulaire et la "britannicite" de l'ile de vancouver entre 1778 et 1871." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030121.
Full textAndriot, Antonin. "Entre héritage national et influences britanniques : une histoire croisée du libéralisme et des libéraux français entre 1859 et 1929." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2022. http://theses.bu.uca.fr/nondiff/2022UCFAL026_ANDRIOT.pdf.
Full textIs France, as the founder of the École libre des sciences politiques Émile Boutmy wrote in 1901, more inclined by its history to demand “state supervision” than its British neighbor? If this commonplace dies hard, it is essentially because Anglophile liberals in the 19th century, particularly during their opposition to the Second Empire, nurtured a certain admiration for what they considered to be a British model, with a deeply rooted liberal culture, and from which it would be appropriate to be inspired in order to reach a form of political maturity. Beyond appearances, the aim is to understand that French liberalism was the object of a cross-construction, between transnational influences and national hybridizations, particularly from the 1860s to the 1920s, when a liberal-republican culture asserted itself; how did the French liberals work for this constitutional, partisan, cultural transition called for, what were their successes and failures in the face of other competing aspirations, and within the framework of changing contemporary societies in political and social spheres? Through a Franco-British perspective, it is a set of cultural transfers around liberalism that are to be rediscovered, to better understand the development of the regime that is liberal democracy
Resche, Antoine. "L'exploitation de la ligne de l'Atlantique Nord par les compagnies françaises et britanniques (1890-1940)." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2024/document.
Full textThis is a study of three french and british shipping lines (White Star Line, Cunard Line, Compagnie générale transatlantique) on the North Atlantic trade from the 1890s to 1940, which aims understand what where the major challenges for running this route, those challenges being evolutions of the trade, of safety rules or in the implication of governments and patriotic competition. This research work studies how companies with differents flags fought similar problems, and aims to see if the answers were differents by nationalities in a world more and more globalized. It studies how France and United Kingdom engaged themselves in the trade by the mean of subventions (for postal or military missions) and how governments tried to save the companies during periods of crisis. This works also shows how speed, size and even names of the liners became patriotic symbols in periods when nationalism was a growing tendance. It also studies the evolution of the trade : decrease of mass migrations, appearance of middle class and tourism, to understand how three different companies faced those mutations. At last, those researchs show how shipping lanes faces the question of safety with an international answer
Nicolosi, Eleonora. "Les représentations de la Sicile au XVIIIe siècle chez les voyageurs français, britanniques et germaniques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66297.
Full textIn the mid-eighteenth century, Sicily became a new destination for European travelers. Witnessing the changes in the traditional European Grand Tour and the social and cultural upheavals of the continent, the travelogues in Sicily help to crystallize the perception of identities from the Self and the Other. The representations of ancient and modern Sicily expressed among the travelers of the eighteenth century will profoundly mark the collective imagination. In search of new viaticus experiences, remnants of ancient Sicily, on the one hand insular exoticism that fascinates readers since the "discovery" of the Pacific Islands andthe Indian Ocean, travelers will also be confronted with the destabilizing experience of the unknown and displacement. Giving meaning to the Sicilian otherness that expresses it selfbefore their eyes then becomes a necessity. And the use of theories of the time and stereotypes then allows to build a portrait of Sicily that reflects as much the representation of the Other Sicilian, as the travelers themselves. The historical and cultural heritage of Sicily makes it a destination in its own right. Taken by the attempts to share large geographical and cultural groups between the East and the West, of which Sicily, neither quite nor quite the other, seems on the contrary, to form this point of junction in the heart of the Mediterranean. Keywords : travel books, Sicily, representations, identities
Gillet, Nelly. "Patricia Ledyard, écrivain anglophone des îles Tonga : contribution à l'étude des littératures du Commonwealth." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040179.
Full textThe aim of this study is to show the originality of the account Patricia Ledyard gives of the fifty-one years of voluntary exile she spent in the Kingdom of Tonga. Her books reveal their own double nature between autobiographical accounts, inspired by the conviction of a unique experience, and authentic anthropological data. Characters and island-based settings serve a sensitive autobiographical writing. The anthropological value of Patricia Ledyard's work springs from the diversity of her knowledge of a Tongan culture woven with ancient traditions, be it the kava ceremony, the bark-cloth making or a cosmogony teeming with flighty gods and mischievous spirits. The American writer draws a detailed and accurate portrait of the inhabitants of Tonga, and shows the abundance of social exchanges and the omnipresence of a strict hierarchy. Insisting on the intrinsinc originality of the Tongan people and on its profound humanity, she challenges colonial prejudices. The priviledged witness of an area in the heart of the Pacific, symbolically adopted by the Tongan people, Patricia Ledyard offers the tale of a motionless voyage in a tamed yet exotic universe. Avoiding set definitions, her work deals with the complex issue of her double status as both insider and outsider in her constant interactions with the Tongans, a key characteristic of most Commonwealth literature. Reflecting a life that achieves an equilibrium on the frontier between here and there, her writing feeds on a constantly evolving acculturation and finds its place within the creative protest movement that stirs the nations of the Pacific
Ternat, François. "Inscrire la paix dans les espaces lointains. Histoire diplomatique d’un entre-deux-guerres : les négociations franco-britanniques de 1748 à 1756." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040247.
Full textThe Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle which ended the War of Austrian Succession in 1748 threw into relief the linkage between the europeans and colonial issues. It returned the european claims in North America and in the West Indies to the statu quo ante bellum settled by the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713. A boundary commission was established to study the claims, to determine what areas were considered as belonging to the British or to the French Crowns, and to define clear boundaries separating the colonial dominions. Not solely episode of the Anglo-French rivalry, these inter-war years took place in the middle of the Age of Enlightenment, which celebrated the idea of balance of powers. Despite their failure, these negotiations could be envisaged as attempts to regulate colonial and maritime disputes by international agreements and as experiences by both Courts of a far diplomacy
Ternat, François. "Inscrire la paix dans les espaces lointains. Histoire diplomatique d’un entre-deux-guerres : les négociations franco-britanniques de 1748 à 1756." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040247.
Full textThe Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle which ended the War of Austrian Succession in 1748 threw into relief the linkage between the europeans and colonial issues. It returned the european claims in North America and in the West Indies to the statu quo ante bellum settled by the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713. A boundary commission was established to study the claims, to determine what areas were considered as belonging to the British or to the French Crowns, and to define clear boundaries separating the colonial dominions. Not solely episode of the Anglo-French rivalry, these inter-war years took place in the middle of the Age of Enlightenment, which celebrated the idea of balance of powers. Despite their failure, these negotiations could be envisaged as attempts to regulate colonial and maritime disputes by international agreements and as experiences by both Courts of a far diplomacy
Astier, Évan. "Monuments, espaces et représentations, d'une ère à l'autre : contribution à une "archéologie du sacré" au nord des îles Britanniques et en Irlande (1000 av. J.-C.-1000 ap. J.-C.)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL025.
Full textThe insular Celtic civilization was characterized by a strong pagan substratum. The sacred was embodied in everything and could be observed in the landscape, whether natural or man-made. Since the Neolithic, stones were used to honor divinities and this practice continued for many millennia. Thanks to vernacular textual sources, it is possible to identify many uses of the lithic element, since it was associated with astronomy as well as with burial practices. However, it was not reserved to a specific group and kings, warriors, druids or clerics could all have access to it. With the arrival of the emissaries of the new Christian faith between the 5th and the 6th centuries, local rites and practices were disrupted. Although the Celtic people submitted to the precepts of the one God, they still succeeded in preserving fragments of their heritage that survived through their mythology as recorded by medieval scribes. This study is an attempt at a foray into an obscure period where history and legend merge
Dupuy, Sonia. "De Robinson Crusoé a Vanity Fair : la figure de lecteur dans les romans britanniques de 1719 a 1847." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030133.
Full textPregnant as it is in 18th and 19thC British novels, the reader in the text is potent with meaning for the history of the novel. Related to the history of the book and the discontinuous act of reading imposed on readers by the publication of novels in different volumes or episodes, the reader figure may also be seen as a more or less faithful representation of actual readers. The reader figure thus retraces the complex history of the relationship between the novel and its readers. Behind what appears as a complacent will to invite the widest audience to the reading of novels, a more systematic tendency to define readership by exclusion can hardly be concealed. Paradoxical as this may be, the novel has much to fear from its readers. Moved by their will to have the genre clearly distinguished from vulgar romances, the authors will repeatedly push those unwelcome readers likely to lead the whole literary edifice to a collapse back to the margins of their texts. But the reader cannot just be a matter of representation: it also is a narrative double, a sort of mirror erected to the self-conscious narrator who uses it to build up the hardly legitimate literary authority he stands for. Thus the reader figure and the self-conscious narrator are linked by an indissolvable bond. The variations in number of reader figures only reverberate the frailty of the authorial voice and the anxiety of reception expressed in a highly symptomatic text-undermining rhetoric
Léocat, Erell. "Histoire éruptive des volcans du secteur occidental des Iles Eoliennes (sud de la mer Tyrrhénienne, Italie) et évolution temporelle du magmatisme." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112343.
Full textThe Aeolian Islands arc is a complex volcanic province located on the continental margin of the Calabro-Peloritan basement. It emplaced in a geodynamic setting linked to the convergence of African and European plates. In this study, we focused on the western volcanoes of Aeolian Archipelago. They contain the range of geochemical compositions typical of convergence settings, from calc-alkaline (CA) to shoshonitic series (SHO) through high-K CA (HKCA). These magmas were emitted in a short span time of less than 300 ka that attests to the complexity of the volcano-tectonic evolution of this province. We report on thirty seven new geochronological data, on seventy three new geochemical data and on geomorphological analysis to study the temporal evolution of magmatism and of morphological structures. Before 180 ka, only Filicudi, Salina and Lipari volcanoes had emerged activity and emitted CA magmas, with minor HKCA products at Lipari. After 120-130 ka, Alicudi and Vulcano volcanoes emerged simultaneously to the western and southern extremities of the archipelago. Alicudi magmas have the more primitive composition. SHO and HKCA products were emitted on Lipari and Vulcano, while only CA magmas were emplaced on Filicudi and Salina. After 40 ka, Filicudi emitted mafic HKCA magmas while Alicudi and Salina emitted mainly CA magmas. Products of SHO affinity were emplaced at Lipari and Vulcano. At the scale of the archipelago, two main magma composition changes occurred around 120 and 40 ka that would have been caused by regional changes. At the scale of a single volcano, the magmatic evolution is more complex reflecting different processes specific to each volcano
Grimaldi, Marie-Claude. "Structure génétique et histoire des populations des îles de la Méditerranée occidentale (Corse, Sardaigne, Baleares) et du Pays Basque : Variations de marqueur du système HLA." Corte, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CORT0000.
Full textLicari-Guillaume, Isabelle. "« Vertigo's British Invasion » : la revitalisation par les scénaristes britanniques des comic books grand public aux Etats-Unis (1983-2013)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30044/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the editorial and aesthetic history of the Vertigo imprint, which was created in 1993 by DC Comics, a US-American comics publisher. I shall consider in particular the contribution of British scriptwriters employed by DC and then by Vertigo from the 1980s onwards. Theise creators played a tremendous role, both at the time of Vertigo's founding by editor Karen Berger and at a later date, as the imprint gathered widespread recognition. The genesis of the Vertigo imprint sheds light on the so-called “British Invasion”, that is to say the appearance within the American industry of several UK-based creators working for DC Comics. Spearheaded by Alan Moore, the “invasion” brought to the fore many of the most important scriptwriters of years to come, such as Grant Morrison and Neil Gaiman, whose Sandman series has been described as a major landmark in the recognition of the medium. Existing criticism regarding Vertigo tends to focus on the body of work produced by British authors, without necessarily discussing their national specificity. My goal is therefore double; on the one hand, I intend to write a history of the label as the producer of a specific media culture that belongs to a given socio-historical context and is grounded in the practices and representations of the field's actors (producers and consumers in a broad sense). On the other hand, the awareness of the context in which the books are produced shall allow me to interrogate the imprint's poetics, thus identifying the specificity of a “British school of writing” within the comics mainstream industry
Lagoutte, Christine. "L' intermédiation bancaire : le cas britannique." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100006.
Full textKantarbaeva-Bill, Irina. "Les récits des voyageurs britanniques en Asie centrale au XIXe siècle (1840-1890)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20105.
Full textTravel writing and experience to different parts of the world were quite popular in the 19th century, having inspired generations of Europeans to quest for exoticism and mythic origins of Western culture. Central Asia had always been one of these territories which attracted British travellers and explorers. The clandestine imperial rivalry between Russia and Britain for the mastery of Central Asia multiplied the number of British travellers towards this unknown Orient. Among the most famous travelogues of this period are those written by Alexander Burnes, a military envoy, by Armenius Vambéry, an orientalist, by Florentia Sale and Frances Duberly, officers’ spouses, by Henry Lansdell, a missionary, by Frederick Burnaby, an adventurer, and by many others. These travel narratives, versatile and heterogeneous, bring on a problem of generic definition. Our dissertation aims at examining the phenomenon of Otherness, inherent to travel writing, as well as at mapping within narrative perspective the geopolitical and literary concerns in Central Asia. By choosing this approach our work strives to avoid the reduction of the British travelling discourse in this particular geographical area to a simple legitimacy of imperial policy in the Victorian age
Rogé, Ysée. "Le corsisme et l’irrédentisme 1920-1946 : histoire du premier mouvement autonomiste corse et de sa compromission par l’Italie fasciste." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100048.
Full textAfter the first World War, Petru Rocca founds the Corsican movement. His initiative takes on two objectives : to stir and aweken the island’s self-awareness and to protect its unique cultural identity. By means of a publishing house and a regional paper named A Muvra, he promotes the language and he champions the quest for Corsican autonomy. At the same time, fascist supports and finances a propagandist campaign advocating for the return of the island and other lands considered Italian, by the virtue of their shared history and culture. If these two positions appear contradictory, autonomy within French republic on the one hand and a fervent attachment to the peninsula on the other, Corsism and irredentism are nonetheless quickly confounded. Between 1922 and 1939, the polemic increases and, in 1946, the Corsicans are condemned for « attack against State security » during purification proceedings. The little historiography treating this time summarizes the Corsican movement as a by-product of fascism. Diverse sources adumbrate the complexity of the political bargains involved, highlighting the diversity of individual interests, which each bear witness to the breaking apart and muddling of separate political causes. Since French and Italian strategies occulted Corsican priorities, which were so strongly uphelp by Petru Rocca, since the context of fascism absorbed the diplomatic quarrel fueled by irredentism, the Corsican perpective fell into obscurity and ommission. Nevertheless, Corsica’s history reveals both the troubles of an era during which propaganda manipulated the newly politicized masses and a time when national identity became the mainspring of a war
Carytsiotis, Marie Myriam. "Histoire et économie d'une île-monastère : Patmos XIe - XVIe siècles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0614.
Full textHistory and economy of a monastery-island: Patmos (11th - 16th century). It is widely accepted that around the year 95 A.D, John the apostle was sent to exile to Patmos by the emperor Domitian. John the Evangelist is said to have written the Apocalypse on this island. From the next 1000 years or so, the island was treated with relative indifference by outsiders. It was in the 11th century, under Byzantine rule, that the island of Patmos came to life with the arrival of the monk Christodoulos to whom emperor Alexis I Comnenos gave the island. There, in the year 1088, he had the monastery St John the Theologian built.It was at this point that the island underwent a radical transformation, its daily life being dictated by the rhythm of the monastery, hence the title of our thesis : "monastery-island".This lays the foundation of our work which offers a study of the activity of the island up until the Ottoman occupation in the 16th century. For the next five centuries, Patmos is subjected to the successive Byzantine and Venitian dominations, however the monastery makes sure to remain independant. We will thus reflect upon the means used by the monks to maintain control over their island, along with both the economical and cultural consequences that arose from them
Roux, Christophe. "Les "îles soeurs" : une sociologie historique comparée de la contestation nationalitaire en Corse en et Sardaigne." Lille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL20014.
Full textThe Corsican nationalist protest, which is an original and neglected phenomenon in France, is usually interpretated in a culturalist way that insists on the impact of insular and Mediterranean historical peculiarities. This dissertation intends to question such an interpretation by studying the genesis of this mobilisation within the framework of a socio-historical comparative perspective with the Sardinian case (that shares a number of common historical, geographical, cultural and economic features with Corsica). It considers the interactive process between state penetration in periphery and mobilisation cycles that it provoked before and after WWII. This approach leads to relativise the impact of cultural and historical features and to improve the elements of socio-political explanation that lie both in the specific characteristics of these nationalist mobilisations and in the conditions of their reception within the regional politicial space ; it gives the opportunity to mix the study of nationalism with the sociology of collective action
Bonnefoy, Baptiste Paul. "Enchevêtrement des appartenances et constructions impériales : miliciens de couleur dans les villes espagnoles, françaises et britanniques de la Caraïbe (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0147.
Full textThis thesis in social history aims to reconsider the social interactions in the early modern Caribbean cities by relying on a transimpérial and multi-site approach. This research is at the intersection of three urban observatories: the colonial militia, the “second elites”, and the “coloured” people. Each of these observatories allows to think the colonial city as a place which gathers several “spaces of belonging”: militia units, guilds, parishes, brotherhoods. This centrality accentuates collective control and contradictory allegiances. At the same time, and to a certain extent defined both by social positions and local context, these many languages of belonging are also a resource that allows actors to manipulate social norms and classifications.The multi-site approach highlights the specificity of each context, as well as the imperial or global implications of local colonial experiences. By asking the question of belonging, this thesis evaluates the role of local actors and contexts in the forming of empires and perpetuation of colonial order. The Caribbean is a fertile ground to analyse and compare these mechanisms, given that it is a war area which connects fragmented, scattered and instable sovereignties.Despite the specificities of each context, all Caribbean urban areas share more or less “colourized” ways of saying hierarchies and social positions. This process of “colourization” shows the transimperial circulation of many categories of practice. However, these categories are locally selected and appropriated. This thesis focuses on the local implications of these circulations, which do not homogenize the Caribbean and often generate misunderstandings, refusals or tensions in their context of reception. Finally, this thesis shows that the “color” of individuals, constructed in situ and constantly renegotiated, constitutes a discursive resource that conceals complex mechanisms of social and political domination, together with violent power relations that can vary considerably from one city to another, and from one “space of belonging” to another
En esta tesis de historia moderna se analizan las interacciones sociales en las ciudades del Caribe a través de un enfoque transimperial y multisituado. Nuestro trabajo se sitúa al cruce de tres ópticas urbanas: las milicias coloniales, les élites segundas y la gente de “color”. A partir de estos puntos de observación podemos analizar la ciudad colonial como el lugar que centraliza múltiples marcadores y espacios de pertenencia social: milicias, profesiones, parroquias, hermandades. Esta centralización urbana refuerza el control colectivo y multiplica las filiaciones incompatibles. Dentro de unos ciertos límites definidos a través de las posiciones relativas de los individuos y del contexto local, la pluralidad de marcadores de pertenencia social constituye a su vez un conjunto de recursos que pueden ser utilizados para manipular las normas y las clasificaciones sociales. El enfoque multisituado da cuenta a la vez de las especificidades de los contextos locales y de las implicaciones imperiales o globales de las formas locales de la experiencia colonial. Interrogar los espacios de pertenencia social implica evaluar el papel de los individuas y de los contextos locales en la formación de las construcciones imperiales y en la perpetuación del orden colonial. El espacio Caribe, espacio de guerra, constituye el terreno ideal para el análisis y la comparación de estos mecanismos, puesto que permite observar territorios imperiales discontinuos, dispersos y precarios. A pesar de las especificidades de cada contexto, los espacio urbanos del Caribe comparten, en mayor o menor medida, procesos de “coloración” en cuanto a las maneras de expresar las jerarquías y las posiciones sociales. Esta “coloración” revela un amplio espacio transimperial de circulación de las categorías prácticas. Categorías a su vez seleccionadas y reapropiadas localmente. Así, esta tesis explora las implicaciones locales de estas circulaciones, que no suponen una homogeneización de los territorios del Caribe, y que a menudo provocan malentendidos o coyunturas de tensión en los contextos de recepción. Por último, esta tesis demuestra que el color de los individuos, construido in situ y renegociado en permanencia, constituye un recurso discursivo que disimula mecanismos complejos de dominación social y política, además de relaciones violentas de poder que pueden variar considerablemente de une ciudad a otra, y de un espacio de pertenencia social a otro