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1
Delalande, Nicolas. "Vers une histoire politique du capital ?" Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 70, no. 01 (March 2015): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ahs.2015.0136.
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Résumé La question des liens entre l’analyse économique et l’action politique est un élément central du Capital au XXIe siècle et de toute approche se revendiquant de l’économie politique. Pour autant, la nature de ces liens ne paraît pas toujours clairement explicitée dans l’ouvrage de Thomas Piketty. Cette lecture critique entend donc ouvrir trois points de discussion, à lumière de l’histoire et de la science politique. Les politiques fiscales de réduction des inégalités apparues au XXe siècle sont-elles de simples accidents de l’histoire et, si oui, comment penser leur avenir ? Au nom de quels principes la tendance inégalitaire du capitalism pourrait-elle être corrigée en l’absence de tout système de substitution ? Enfin, la délibération démocratique que T. Piketty appelle de ses voeux n’est-elle pas déjà profondément altérée par les logiques économiques que son livre met au jour ? Une histoire politique du capital paraît plus que jamais nécessaire.
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León Vargas, Karim. "La Compañía Colombiana de Navegación Aérea, 1919-1921. Una aventura empresarial pionera en Suramérica." Lecturas de Economía, no. 68 (November 11, 2008): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n68a270.
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La temprana participación de empresarios colombianos en el establecimiento de compañías de aviación en Colombia durante la primera década del siglo XX, estuvo marcada por el riesgo ante una industria aeronáutica apenas explorada a nivel mundial. El artículo describe la creación y el funcionamiento en 1919, de la primera compañía de aviación en Colombia: Compañía Colombiana de Navegación Aérea, CCNA. La documentación proveniente de archivos personales, diarios y prensa de la época, permitió explorar la corta vida de esta compañía. Este primer intento empresarial abrió el camino de lo que se convertiría años más tarde en una lucrativa industria que revolucionó la forma de trasladarse de un lugar a otro y fortaleció los vínculos económicos y políticos entre zonas aisladas geográficamente. Palabras clave: historia de la aviación, transporte, modernización, historia empresarial, accidentes de aviación. Classification JEL: N46, N76, N86. Abstract: The early participation of Colombian entrepreneurs in the establishment of airlines in Colombia during the first decade of the twentieth century was marked by risk, faced with an aviation industry that recently began worldwide. This article describes the creation and operation in 1919 of the first airline in Colombia: Compañía Colombiana de Navegación Aérea, CCNA. The documentation from personal files, newspapers and press at the time, allowed to explore the short life of this company. This first attempt paved the way for what would become years later in a lucrative industry that has revolutionized the way of moving from one place to another and strengthened economic and political ties between geographically isolated areas. Keywords: history of aviation, transport, modernization, business history, aviation accidents. Classification JEL: N46, N76, N86. Résumé: Le risque d'investissement dans une industrie aéronautique à peines explorée au niveau mondial, caractérise la précoce participation des chefs d'entreprise dans l'établissement des compagnies d'aviation en Colombie pendant la première décennie du XXème siècle. Cet article décrit la création et le fonctionnement, en 1919, de la première compagnie d'aviation en Colombie, appelée Compagnie Colombienne de Navigation Aérienne, CCNA. L'étude de la courte vie de cette compagnie a été possible grâce aux archives personnelles, aux articles des journaux et à la presse de l'époque. Cette première tentative entrepreneuriale a ouvert la porte à la transformation, des années plus tard, d'une industrie très lucrative qui révolutionnerait définitivement la façon de se mobiliser en Colombie, en renforçant les liens économiques et politiques entre les zones isolées du pays. Mots clef: histoire l'aviation, transport, modernisation, histoire entrepreneuriale, accidents d'aviation. Classification JEL: N46, N76, N86.
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Chartier, Roger. "La réparation des accidents du travail et la commission du salaire minimum des femmes (1925-1931)." Relations industrielles 18, no. 1 (January 24, 2014): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1021454ar.
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Sommaire Voici le cinquième d'une série de textes sur la législation québécoise du travail (et sur les services connexes du Ministère du travail) de 1885 à nos jours. Ces notes pourront un jour servir à une histoire plus méthodique des relations du travail au Québec.
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Lemercier, Claire, and Claire Zalc. "Pour une nouvelle approche de la relation de crédit en histoire contemporaine." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 67, no. 4 (December 2012): 977–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900009483.
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RésuméLa relation de crédit a encore été peu étudiée en histoire contemporaine, où elle est largement appréhendée sous le prisme d’un récit évolutionniste qui verrait la victoire progressive de « la rationalité économique »vial’institutionnalisation, la formalisation ou encore la modernisation, autant de notions qui semblent aller de soi. Nous proposons d’explorer les modalités de l’articulation entre formalisation et personnalisation de la relation de crédit, sans nous restreindre au schème de l’opposition entre les deux. En nous étayant sur une revue critique de la littérature récente sur ces thématiques, nous envisageons successivement la complémentarité des protagonistes du crédit et les transformations des instruments et des outils qui informent la transaction, avant d’aborder les accidents du crédit et les sanctions qui s’y attachent – ou non.
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Chartier, Roger. "Les indemnités pour accidents du travail, les bureaux de placement gratuits et la première guerre mondiale (1909-1918)." Relations industrielles 17, no. 3 (January 28, 2014): 287–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1021575ar.
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Sommaire Voici le troisième d'une série de textes sur la législation québécoise du travail (et sur les services connexes du Ministère du travail) de 1885 à nos jours. Ces notes pourront un jour servir à une histoire plus méthodique des relations du travail au Québec. Cette série d'articles est la synthèse d'une « Etude analytique et évolutive des services du Ministère du travail et de la législation ouvrière et sociale de la province de Québec, 1885-1952 » préparée par l'auteur à la demande du Ministère, et reproduite ici avec sa permission.
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Levy, David, and Henri Wallard. "Les évolutions de l’opinion publique sur le nucléaire en France et en Europe." Annales des Mines - Responsabilité et environnement N° 113, no. 1 (January 23, 2024): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/re1.113.0079.
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L’énergie nucléaire, invisible et récente, a connu une histoire mouvementée marquée par sa dualité civile/militaire et trois accidents aux retentissements mondiaux. L’idéologie et la politique ont souvent pris le pas sur l’économie et la technique. En Europe, après 30 ans peu porteurs, la donne a changé en 2022. Ce changement apparaît plus en lien avec la guerre en Ukraine et les craintes de pénurie qu’à la lutte contre l’effet de serre. Dans le monde, de nombreux pays comptent sur le nucléaire pour décarboner l’électricité. Et des voix de jeunes militants écologiques commencent à s’exprimer en faveur du nucléaire, à rebours des doctrines historiques. Le nouveau nucléaire nécessitera un grand professionnalisme dans le processus de déploiement, et un cadre démocratique irréprochable comme celui mis en place pour le site de stockage en profondeur. Des annonces et des plans insuffisamment préparés pourraient rendre certains projets beaucoup plus difficiles malgré cet environnement favorable.
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Thiltges, Sébastian. "La représentation interculturelle du désastre nucléaire entre appropriation et écart : deux exemples luxembourgeois." RELIEF - Revue électronique de littérature française 16, no. 1 (July 8, 2022): 210–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51777/relief12382.
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Dans la littérature luxembourgeoise, les centrales nucléaires font partie de l’imaginaire littéraire dès la fin des années 1970. Cet imaginaire est alimenté par l’opposition à deux projets de centrales sur la Moselle et porte la trace, au fil des décennies, des accidents nucléaires qui ont marqué la récente histoire de l’humanité. À partir de ce contexte, la présente contribution cherche dans un premier temps à mettre au jour les multiples liens entre l’écologie et le nucléaire, et corollairement entre les deux champs de recherche qui, dans le cadre des études littéraires et culturelles, en étudient les représentations : l’ecocriticism et le nuclear criticism. En se fondant sur les problématiques communes à ces dernières (temporalité, géographie et subjectivité), l’analyse de deux œuvres littéraires francophones publiées au Luxembourg explore deux manières paraissant diamétralement opposées de décrire la dimension interculturelle de la catastrophe nucléaire, l’une imaginant l’appropriation culturelle construite sur la relocalisation géographique, l’autre mettant en exergue l’écart entre l’événement et sa perception.
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Bäck, Allan. "Mistakes of Reason: Practical Reasoning and the Fallacy of Accident." Phronesis 54, no. 2 (2009): 101–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852809x403649.
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AbstractFor Aristotle the fallacy of accident arises from mistakes about being per accidens and not from accidental predication. Mistakes in perceiving per accidens come from our judgements about being per accidens and so commit that fallacy. Practical syllogisms have the same formal structure as being and perceiving per accidens. Moreover perceiving per accidens typically provides the minor premise for the practical syllogism as it makes it possible for us to know singular propositions, especially those about substances. Thus these minor premises may come about through fallacious reasoning, what today would be called reasoning via collateral information. On account of these foundations for the practical syllogism, even a person of practical wisdom will need a lot of luck to avoid mistakes.
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Amerini, Fabrizio. "Utrum inhaerentia sit de essentia accidentis. Francis of Marchia and the Debate on the Nature of Accidents." Vivarium 44, no. 1 (2006): 96–150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853406778169040.
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AbstractThis paper attempts to provide a general reconstruction of Francis of Marchia's doctrine of accidental being. The paper is divided into two parts. (1) In the first part, I begin by reconstructing the debate on the nature of accidents held before Marchia, showing that such a debate is characterised by a progressive shift concerning the way to understand accidents. While the first Aristotelian interpreters regard accidents especially as inhering modes of being of substances, the majority of theologians and philosophers in the second half of the thirteenth century regard accidents as absolute beings. For them, the problem is no longer to explain if and, if so, how accidents can be distinct from substances, but how accidents and substances can make some one thing. Metaphysically, their primary focus is on explaining what the ontological status of inherence is. Although it is especially the consideration of the Eucharistic case that induces this change, I point out that many philosophers and theologians find in Aristotle's texts the philosophical support for taking this step. (2) In the second part, I focus more closely on Marchia's doctrine, arguing that Marchia's position is a slightly revised version of Scotus's. Unlike Aquinas and Bonaventure, Marchia explains Aristotle's metaphysics of accidents by way of the metaphysics of the Eucharist and not vice versa. So, in order to explain the philosophical consistency of this miraculous case, Marchia maintains that one does not need to modify the notion of inherence by distinguishing actual from potential inherence and including the latter in the accident's essence; rather it is necessary to take the case of the Eucharist seriously and, on this basis, to remove inherence totally from an accident's essence. In conclusion, the Eucharist shows that accidents are absolute beings to which actual inherence pertains contingently, potential inherence necessarily. But like Scotus's, Marchia's doctrine faces some difficulties that remain unresolved.
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Vuorio, Alpo, Robert Bor, Antti Sajantila, Anna-Stina Suhonen-Malm, and Bruce Budowle. "Commercial Aircraft-Assisted Suicide Accident Investigations Re-Visited—Agreeing to Disagree?" Safety 9, no. 1 (March 12, 2023): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety9010017.
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Background: The number of aircraft-assisted suicides can only be considered a rough estimate because it is difficult and, at times, impossible to identify all cases of suicide. Methods: Four recent reports of accidents occurring in 1997 in Indonesia, 1999 in Massachusetts in the United States, 2013 in Namibia, and 2015 in France related to commercial aircraft-assisted suicides were analyzed. This analysis relied on data extracted from the accident reports that supported aircraft-assisted suicide from the: (a) cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and flight data recorder (FDR), (b) medical history, (c) psychosocial history, (d) toxicology, (e) autopsy, and (f) any methodology that utilized aviation medicine. There are some limitations in this study. Although all analyzed accident investigations followed ICAO Annex 13 guidelines, there is variability in their accident investigations and reporting. In addition, accident investigation reports represent accidents from 1997 to 2015, and during this time, there has been a change in the way accidents are reported. The nature of this analysis is explorative. The aim was to identify how the various aircraft accident investigators concluded that the accidents were due to suicidal acts. Results: In all four accident reports, FDR data were available. CVR data were also available, except for one accident where CVR data were only partially available. Comprehensive medical and psychosocial histories were available in only one of four of the accident reports. Conclusion: To prevent accidents involving commercial aircraft, it is necessary to identify the causes of these accidents to be able to provide meaningful safety recommendations. A detailed psychological autopsy of pilots can and likely will assist in investigations, as well as generate recommendations that will substantially contribute to mitigating accidents due to pilot suicide. Airborne image recording may be a useful tool to provide additional information about events leading up to a crash and thus assist in accident investigations.
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Bhele, Raju, and Pramila Rajchal. "Accident Analysis and Identification of Black Spots on Road Section from Sanga to Dhulikhel in Araniko Highway." Journal of Transportation Systems 8, no. 3 (December 2, 2023): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jots.2023.v08i03.003.
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Road accidents are major causes of injuries and fatalities worldwide and a significant public health concern. This paper includes a comprehensive analysis of road accidents on the road section from Sanga to Dhulikhel of Kavrepalanchwok district to identify trends of accidents, causes contributing to accidents and identifying the accident black spots and ranking accident black spots based on the Weighted Severity Index and Accident Severity Index. The study uses a data-driven approach using accident data obtained from the district police office, statistical analysis and weighted Severity Index and Accident Severity Index to observe road accident patterns. This study focuses on accident analysis to find out the spatial distribution of accidents, highlight accident peak times, accident black spots and their ranking. The various factors contributing to road accidents related to driver behaviour, vehicle condition, pedestrian behaviour, and environmental condition were explored and statistical analysis are done to determine accident likelihood and severity which are very helpful to identify accident-prone areas. There is a noteworthy pattern in the accident records in the past four fiscal years. Overall, fatal accidents have decreased over the years but serious accidents have increased. The number of minor incidents has also shown some variation. Males had more accidents than females. It is clear that the male percentage significantly outnumber the female comprising 81.9%, while females make up only 10.1%. It was observed that the 26 to 56 age group is a more vulnerable. The relatively low percentages of accidents occurred during morning and late evening. The accident frequency significantly rises from the late morning through the early afternoon with peak frequency in the late afternoon. It was observed that light vehicles account for 25%, tipper and other vehicles account for 19%, two wheeler accounts for 20% and vehicle and pedestrian accounts for 36% of the total accidents recorded. This study suggests evidence-based recommendations for accident prevention, infrastructure improvement, public awareness programs and law enforcement strategies to reduce road accidents.
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Zhang, Yunfei, Fangqi Zhu, Qiuping Li, Zehang Qiu, and Yajun Xie. "Exploring Spatiotemporal Patterns of Expressway Traffic Accidents Based on Density Clustering and Bayesian Network." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 12, no. 2 (February 18, 2023): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12020073.
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Exploring spatiotemporal patterns of traffic accidents from historic crash databases is one essential prerequisite for road safety management and traffic risk prevention. Presently, with the emergence of GIS and data mining technologies, numerous geospatial analysis methods have been successfully adopted for traffic accident analysis. As characterized by high driving speeds, diverse vehicle types, and isolated traffic environments, expressways are confronted with more serious accident risks than urban roads. In this paper, we propose a combined method based on improved density clustering and the Bayesian inference network to explore spatiotemporal patterns of expressway accidents. Firstly, the spatiotemporal accident neighborhood is integrated into the DBSCAN clustering algorithm to discover multi-scale expressway black spots. Secondly, the Bayesian network model is separately employed in both local-scale black spots and regional-scale expressway networks to fully explore spatially heterogenous accident factors in various black spots and expressways. The experimental results show that the proposed method can correctly extract spatiotemporal aggregation patterns of multi-scale expressway black spots and meanwhile efficiently discover diverse causal factors for various black spots and expressways, providing a comprehensive analysis of accident prevention and safety management.
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Invernizzi, S., G. Locatelli, S. Cappoli, G. Longo, A. Butti, G. Baradel, and D. Pozza. "Urology and the Work Environment (I): Traumatic Lesions in Work Accidents." Urologia Journal 59, no. 1 (February 1992): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039205900118.
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In the introduction the authors define violent and accidental work accidents and injuries and review urologic traumatic case histories, including lesions observed both immediately and some time after the traumatic event. These cases were all reported as work accidents: patients’ age, cause and seat of injury, concomitant lesions, immediate therapy, consequences and any further treatment are given in this study. In conclusion, the authors underline the frequency of organic traumatic pathology and indicate relative complications.
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Gustin, J. L. "How the Study of Accident Case Histories Can Prevent Runaway Reaction Accidents from Recurring." Process Safety and Environmental Protection 80, no. 1 (January 2002): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/095758202753502370.
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Simpson, Daniel J. "Potens per accidens sine accidentibus: Ockham on Material Substances and Their Essential Powers." Vivarium 59, no. 1-2 (February 26, 2021): 102–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685349-12341399.
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Abstract Medieval scholastics share a commitment to a substance-accident ontology and to an analysis of efficient causation in which agents act in virtue of their powers. Given these commitments, it seems ready-made which entities are the agents or powers: substances are agents and their accidents powers. William of Ockham, however, offers a rather different analysis concerning material substances and their essential powers, which this article explores. The article first examines Ockham’s account of propria and his reasons for claiming that a material substance is essentially powerful sine accidentibus. However, the article subsequently argues that, given Ockham’s reductionism about material substance, only substantial forms – never substances – are truly agents and powers. Thus, a material substance is essentially powerful but only by courtesy – per accidens, as Ockham calls it – because it has a non-identical part, its substantial form, which does all the causal work by itself, per se.
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Kim, Mi-ju, Yu-bin Go, So-yeon Choi, Nam-sun Kim, Cheol-hee Yoon, and Wonhyung Park. "A Study on the Analysis of Law Violation Data for the Creation of Autonomous Vehicle Traffic Flow Evaluation Indicators." Journal of Internet Services and Information Security 13, no. 4 (December 2, 2023): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.58346/jisis.2023.i4.013.
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The study analyzes the reason for the steady increase in the number of traffic accidents in Yongin City, Gyeonggi-do, despite the improvement of Korea's traffic accident system and the decrease in the number of traffic accidents. Seven years of traffic accident data is collected to analyze major legal violations and accident risks and to derive accident-prone areas and road risk indices through QGIS mapping. Based on this analysis, it identifies the causes of accidents in multiple accident areas, proposes improvement measures like the installation of a median strip and an unmanned traffic control device near a crosswalk, and emphasizes the significance of driver awareness and safety education. The aim of the study is to analyze road risk factors and suggest improvement measures to prevent traffic accidents, with the goal of improving the traffic situation in Yongin city.
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Macías García, María del Carmen, and Andrés Urbano Medina. "Jurisdicción social y siniestralidad laboral: los órganos jurisdiccionales sociales en cien años de historia." Lex Social: Revista de Derechos Sociales 12, no. 2 (October 10, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46661/lexsocial.7366.
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La protección jurídica de la siniestralidad laboral supone, desde la aprobación de la Ley de Accidentes de Trabajo de 1900, la causa del desarrollo de, por un lado, el Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social en España tal como lo conocemos y, por otro, del orden social de la jurisdicción. En el presente estudio se repasarán las causas de protección del accidente de trabajo, y como esta protección sustantiva provocó la creación de órganos judiciales especializados. Se abordará igualmente las causas primeras de la creación de estos órganos y el desarrollo legislativo sustantivo que el accidente de trabajo tuvo desde 1900, observándose cómo, con el desarrollo de la historia a lo largo de más de un siglo, el accidente de trabajo sigue teniendo un papel esencial en el Derecho Social y en su manifestación adjetiva, la jurisdicción social.
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Adams, Frederick, and Berent Enc. "Not Quite By Accident." Dialogue 27, no. 2 (1988): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300019788.
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In the etiology of teleological functions, what role can be played by accidental occurrences? Douglas Ehring's essay “Accidental Functions” constructs a theory of ideological functions which makes it possible for objects to have functions even when their causal origins are due entirely to accident—be they natural functions (the function of the heart) or artifact functions (the function of a watch). Ehring constructs this view on the basis of a set of putative counterexamples aimed largely at the theories of Enc and Adams. Both of these theories block the attribution of ideological function to structures with entirely accidental causal histories—accidental in originandin the way their effects are causally sustained.
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Aydemir, Ayşe. "Okullarda Yaşanan Olası İş Kazalarının Türleri ve Sebepleri." International Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 25 (July 25, 2022): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52096/usbd.6.25.13.
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The aim of this study is to explain the concepts related to possible occupational accidents in schools, to determine the types of occupational accidents and to examine the precautions that should be taken in connection with the subject by focusing on their causes. For this purpose, it was explained what are the possible occupational accidents in schools, the types of occupational accidents that often occur in schools were sorted out and identified and the causes related to them were focused on. When looking at the literature, the results obtained from the research findings conducted on the subject provide descriptive and sufficient information about the content of the studies. According to the results of the researches conducted in the literature, it has been revealed that the work accidents that occur in schools related to all of the staff on duty are most often caused by inattention. It has been observed that work accidents occur most often on a weekday, and most often during working hours occur in the first time zone. Key Words: School, Accident, Work Accident, Staff on Duty
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Tasdelen, Ahmet, and Alper M. Özpinar. "A Dynamic Risk Analysis Model Based on Workplace Ergonomics and Demographic-Cognitive Characteristics of Workers." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (March 3, 2023): 4553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054553.
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Background: This study aimed to examine the effect of perception, attention, and sleep levels on the number of occupational accidents and near-misses in the mining and metal sectors. Methods: The data were collected from 53 employees in the mining (n = 30) and metal (n = 23) sectors in 2021 from a mining and metal company. The study collected the following data from the sample: demographic information forms, previous accident and previous near-miss histories, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality (PSQI) scale, pulse, sleep levels, and attention tests. Results: Having an education at primary school and below (B = 0.235; p < 0.05), and having an education at the high school level (B = 0.710; p < 0.01), being single (B = −0.291; p < 0.01), time working in the department (B = 0.027; p < 0.05), time working in the company (B = −0.034; p < 0.05), and the number of near-misses (B = 0.354; p < 0.01), had a significant impact on accidents. Having an education in primary school or below (B = −1.532; p < 0.01), not having had an accident (B = −3.654; p < 0.01), age (B = 0.074; p < 0.01), correct score (B = 0.014; p < 0.01), incorrect time (B = 0.228; p < 0.01) and unanswered score averages (B = −0.029; p < 0.01) had a significant impact on near-misses. Conclusion: Education, the working year, and working time had significant effects on workplace accidents.
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Renaldo P, Cristofer, and Theresia Theresia. "Analisis Penentuan Daerah Rawan Kecelakaan (Blacksite) di Kabupaten Sidoarjo." ETNIK: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Teknik 2, no. 9 (September 20, 2023): 778–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54543/etnik.v2i9.243.
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The development of highways gave birth to something inseparable from human growth and technological progress: In addition, roads also play a role in the growth of society’s economy. Traffic accidents are unforeseen or unintentional events on the road involving vehicles or other road users and resulting in human casualties or loss of property. There are several points in the district of Sidoarjo according to the accident data of January 2022 s/d January 2023 obtained from the Lantas Polresta Sidoarjo unit.Based on the data, it can be calculated using the accident equivalent number method to know the size of the accident number in the area, as well as the method of Upper Limit Control and Upper Control limit, in order to obtain the area vulnerable to accidents in the district of Sidoarjo.The results of the analysis showed that identified 4 areas vulnerable to accidents, namely Park, Balongbendo, Sidoarjo, and Prambon. The value of the park accident equivalent number of 252 points of the UC and BKA values (BKA = 131 and UCL = 130), the AEK Value 150 is higher than the control limit (BCA = 131 and UCL = 123), the AEK Sidoarjo 168 is greater than the control limit (BKa = 131 and UCL = 124), and AEK Prambon 135 is higher than the control limits (Bka = 131 and UCL = 122).
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Nichols, Theo, and Fatih Güngör. "Road Traffic Accidents in Turkey: Some Historical and Sociological Perspectives." New Perspectives on Turkey 20 (1999): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600003150.
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Although road traffic accidents are a matter of considerable public concern in Turkey, they have attracted little systematic analysis from social scientists. This paper seeks to examine accident trends from 1955 to 1995, in terms of changes in fatalities per vehicle as well as fatalities per head of population. It then critically surveys the adequacy and applicability to the Turkish case of theories of motorization and accidents and of risk compensation and homeostasis. Finally, the paper speculates on how accident variation over time in Turkey may relate to wider social and economic processes.
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Picolo, Salvador, Jose Marcio De Vasconcellos, and Antonio Carlos Fernandes. "TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF MARITIME ACCIDENTS." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 10, no. 06 (June 21, 2022): 886–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v10i6.ec03.
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This article highlights the main technical and statistical aspects related to maritime accidents, including the various types of vessels that navigate rivers and oceans around the world. It seeks to understand the mechanics of different accidents, their recurrence for different causes and their financial impact. Technically, through case studies, it shows the different types of accidents that occur in different global locations. The preservation of human life as well as of the environment are determining factors in any maritime accident today.
Keywords: Maritime Casualties, Class Society, International Maritime Organization, Environment, Costs, Cases
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CAIN, A. J. "John Ray on ‘Accidents’." Archives of Natural History 23, no. 3 (October 1996): 343–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1996.23.3.343.
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It has been claimed that the taxonomist John Ray underwent a philosophical revolution in his attitude to accidental and essential characters of plants, as a result of reading the philosopher John Locke's Essay concerning human understanding (1690). Ray's uses of the term ‘accident’ are exemplified, and shown to be multiple and consistent from early on in his career. They point to a consistent strongly pragmatic approach to grouping living things by natural affinities, a concept he could have derived from Aristotle. He did not agree with Cesalpino's so-called Aristotelian divisions of plants by characteristics in order of their (presumed) functional importance. Ray was more probably influenced in his attitude to essences and accidents by Boyle about 1660, than much later by Locke, who in opposition to Ray denied that common descent could be a criterion of conspecificity, and also was regarded by many as unsound in theological doctrine.
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Zhao, Ya Peng. "Risk Assessment of Ship Oil Spills in the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.462.
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The accidents of ship oil spill have been one of the most significant factors leading to marine pollution, so appropriate approaches to forecast ship oil spill risk has important significance. Risk assessment of ship oil spills is a complex multi-factor issue, which plays a key role of ship oil-spill emergency response. A novel fuzzy evaluation model for risk assessment of ship oil spill is presented by analyzing historic accident data and expert experience. The model is used to compute comprehensive accident probability of ship oil spill and analyze sensitivity of risk factors so as to evaluate ship oil spill risks quantitatively and find out major risk factors which influedce ship oil spill risk. At last, the presented model is applied to study the ship oil spill risk in Ningbo-zhoushan port, the assessment examples are proved to test the feasibility and reliability of the model.
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Hadi, OMID. "Analyzing Explicit and Implicit accidents workplace costs." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 10, no. 05 (May 20, 2022): 3530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v10i5.em08.
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Accidents are one of most important phenomena in the production industries and treat the health of the factory workers. Work accidents are a burden for many parties in many ways. Accidents and incidents lead to costs for companies, individual workers, and society. The economic effects of accidents and injuries are not only as financial expenditures, damages or loss of resources, but also there are adverse effects (such as grief ,Loss of major body organs ,…) that are difficult to express in terms of money. Work-related accidents are a major safety and health topic. Every year, workers are faced to accidents in their workplace. This is a huge cost for businesses and a huge cost in terms of human suffering for the victims and their families. Workplace accidents can mean pain and disability and can affect the worker’s life, both in and out of work. According to the contents, it is very important to review and evaluate accidents and their costs. Some researchers have divided costs into, direct and indirect categories. In this study, costs have classified and described as: Explicit and Implicit costs, next has introduced regression model , analyzed and calculated workshop accident.
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Ayala Patiño, Manuel Anthony, and Jorge Luis Yánez Castro. "Mecanismos de acción y tratamiento del accidente cerebrovascular isquémico por COVID-19." Revista Vive 6, no. 17 (May 8, 2023): 677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33996/revistavive.v6i17.255.
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Diversos mecanismos inflamatorios y protrombóticos pueden contribuir al aumento del riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares y accidentes cerebrovasculares en pacientes con COVID-19, afectando el enfoque del tratamiento y manejo de la enfermedad. La evidencia relacionada con los mecanismos fisiopatológicos del COVID-19 y su asociación con los accidentes cerebrovasculares son relevantes para guiar el tratamiento y el manejo de los pacientes, considerados como desafíos terapéuticos que surgen durante períodos de contagio masivo. Objetivo. Describir el mecanismo de acción y tratamiento del evento cerebro vascular isquémico por COVID-19. Metodología. Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura mediante una revisión sistemática, en conformidad con las directrices establecidas por la declaración PRISMA. Se recopiló información de múltiples bases de datos científicas, utilizando términos y palabras clave ("Mecanismos de acción" OR "Mecanismos fisiopatológicos") AND ("Accidente cerebrovascular isquémico" OR "ACV isquémico") relacionados con los mecanismos de acción y tratamiento del accidente cerebrovascular isquémico asociado al COVID-19. Resultados. En total se obtuvo 41 entre PubMed y Science direct, previo a criterios 12 fueron seleccionados. Conclusión. Se determinaron los mecanismos de acción desencadenados por el COVID-19 para la formación de trombos y su relación con los accidentes cerebrovasculares. Además, se comprendió cómo el tratamiento de los accidentes cerebrovasculares afectaba a los pacientes que también padecían COVID-19. Se encontró que la tormenta de citocinas era un mecanismo influyente en la fisiopatología del COVID-19. En cuanto al tratamiento, la identificación de la enfermedad infecciosa causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 resultó crucial en la gestión de los pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular
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Gfeller, David, and Thomas Von Arx. "Retrospective Analysis of Dento-alveolar Injuries at a Swiss University Clinic (2011-2015)." SWISS DENTAL JOURNAL SSO – Science and Clinical Topics 131, no. 6 (June 14, 2021): 500–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.61872/sdj-2021-06-732.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate all dento-alveolar injuries occurring within a period of 5 years that were examined at the Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology at the University of Bern. The case histories of 852 patients (522 males and 330 females) were assessed retrospectively. The mean age was 17 years and 9 months. The youngest patient was 10 months old, the oldest was 91 years old. Most accidents were recorded in the months of March and July. Friday was observed as the weekday when accidents were at their peak. 54% of trauma patients were first examined on the day of the accident. The most frequent causes of accident were falls, cycling or sports accidents. Injury types included concussion (72.4%), subluxation (14%) and luxation (7.7%). Crown fractures without pulp exposure were recorded in 522 teeth (10.7%). Rare types of trauma were crown fractures with pulp exposure (3.7%), and avulsion injuries (3.2%). The most frequently affected teeth were central incisors (40%), followed by lateral incisors (35.6%) and canines (19.5%). 71.5% of the patients with dento-alveolar trauma also had soft-tissue injuries (from abrasions to lacerations), mostly lip (51.6%), gingival (19%), and chin injuries (10.9%). The multivariate analysis showed that age had a significant impact on concussions, subluxations, intrusions, crown fractures, root fractures and non-oral injuries. For concussions and subluxations, the probability of an injury was the highest for the mixed dentition group. For intrusions, the probability of an injury decreased with age, but it was vice versa for crown fractures, root fractures and non-oral injuries. It was found that bicycle injuries had the highest injury probability for avulsions, luxations, subluxations, soft tissue – and non-oral injuries.
Accepted for publication: October 30, 2020
Published online: January 28, 2021
Read the complete article as PDF file.
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Huang, Kui, Wen Nie, and Nianxue Luo. "A Method of Constructing Marine Oil Spill Scenarios from Flat Text Based on Semantic Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 2659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082659.
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Constructed emergency response scenarios provide a basis for decision makers to make management decisions, and the development of such scenarios considers earlier historical cases. Over the decades, the development of emergency response scenarios has mainly implemented the elements of historic cases to describe the grade and influence of an accident. This paper focuses on scenario construction and proposes a corresponding framework based on natural language processing (NLP) using text reports of marine oil spill accidents. For each accident, the original textual reports are first divided into sentence sets corresponding to the temporal evolution. Each sentence set is regarded as a textual description of a marine oil spill scenario. A method is proposed in this paper, based on parsing, named entity recognition (NER) and open information extraction (OpenIE) to process the relation triples that are extracted from the sentence sets. Finally, the relation triples are semantically clustered into different marine oil spill domains to construct scenarios. The research results are validated and indicate that the proposed scenario construction framework can be effectively used in practical applications.
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Kirschner, Stefan. "A Possible Trace of Oresme’s Condicio-Theory of Accidents in an Anonymous Commentary on Aristotle’s Meteorology." Vivarium 48, no. 3 (2010): 349–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853410x505908.
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AbstractIn his commentary on Aristotle’s Physics, Nicole Oresme (c. 1320-1382) propounds a very specific theory of the ontological status of accidents. Characteristic of Oresme’s view on accidents is that he does not consider them accidental forms, but only so-called condiciones or modi of the substance. Unlike the term “modus”, the term “condicio” seems to be very characteristic of Oresme’s own terminology. Up to now it has been unknown whether Oresme exerted any influence with his condicio-theory of accidents. This paper presents an anonymous 14th-century commentary on Aristotle’s Meteorology (Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 4375, ff. 19r-46v), in two Questions of which the term “condicio” occurs in an ontological context. Moreover, the text shows further striking coincidences with known works by Oresme, and this makes an influence by Oresme appear all the more probable.
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Xing, Hui, Shu Lin Duan, Hong Liang Yu, and Qin An Liu. "The Study on Accident Probability Risk Assessment Methods for Shipwrecks in Inland Waterways." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 1027–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.1027.
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For disposal of the shipwrecks in the coastal and inland waterways timely and properly to ensure navigable vessels safely and smoothly, the process and mechanism of navigable vessels collision with shipwrecks was analyzed and shipwreck accident probabilistic risk assessment model was established based on event tree analysis. Assuming the traffic pattern in normal distribution, geometric probability of navigable vessels into collision route was determined according to the location of shipwreck. Reference deviation probability was employed to describe the failure probability of collision avoidance due to abnormal navigable vessels and was determined according to the historic accidents at domestic and abroad waterways, taking into account wind, current, visibility, passageways and traffic density for correction. The model was proved to be practical and operational for shipwreck treatment decision support in specific waterways.
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CRUZ, R. P., M. L. T. G. MENDONÇA, A. R. PINHEIRO, A. D. CORREA, J. C. F. COSTA, and R. N. S. JÚNIOR. "ABORDANDO UM DOS MAIORES ACIDENTES NUCLEARES DA HISTÓRIA ATRAVÉS DA INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE." Revista Sodebras 12, no. 134 (February 2017): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29367/issn.1809-3957.2017.02.134.48.
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Botti, Nadja Cristiane Lappann, Aline Conceição Silva, Camila Correa Matias Pereira, Luiza Cantão, Ramon Azevedo Silva Castro, Leandro Martins Costa Araújo, Júlia Esteves Assunção, and Bárbara Franco Silva. "Tentativa de suicídio entre pessoas com transtornos mentais e comportamentais." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 12, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i5a230596p1289-1295-2018.
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RESUMOObjetivo: investigar a relação tentativa de suicídio e características sociodemográficas e psiquiátricas de pacientes com transtornos psiquiátricos. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, com 410 pacientes atendidos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial e tabulados no SPSS, versão 21.0. Resultados: dentre os 410 prontuários analisados, foram encontrados 22,9% dos prontuários com registro de tentativa de suicídio. A tentativa de suicídio foi mais frequente em homens, adultos, entre 19 e 59 anos, sem vínculo matrimonial, com baixa escolaridade e inatividade laboral. Ainda se identificou associação de tentativa de suicídio com comorbidade psiquiátrica e história de abuso físico ou sexual, acidente ou violência doméstica, violências, acidentes, perdas importantes, perdas ou separação dos pais e conflitos familiares. Conclusão: pacientes em tratamento no centro de atenção psicossocial com comorbidade psiquiátrica e história de experiência traumática apresentam maior risco de comportamento suicida. Descritores: Transtornos Mentais; Pacientes; Serviços de Saúde Mental; Adulto; Tentativa de Suicídio; Enfermagem.ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the suicide attempt and sociodemographic and psychiatric characteristics relationship of patients with psychiatric disorders. Method: quantitative, cross-sectional study with 410 patients attended at a Psychosocial Care Center. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and tabulated in SPSS, version 21.0. Results: among the 410 medical records analyzed, 22.9% of the medical records with registered suicide attempts were found. The suicide attempt was more frequent in men, adults, between 19 and 59 years old, without a marital bond, with low educational levels and work inactivity. Association of suicide attempts with a psychiatric comorbidity and history of physical or sexual abuse, domestic accident or violence, violence, accidents, major losses, losses or separation of parents and family conflicts were also identified. Conclusion: patients undergoing treatment at the psychosocial care center with a psychiatric comorbidity and history of traumatic experience have a higher risk of suicidal behavior. Descritores: Mental Disorders; Patients; Mental Health Services; Adult; Suicide, Attempted; Nursing. RESUMEN Objetivo: investigar la relación entre el intento de suicidio y las características sociodemográficas y psiquiátricas de pacientes con trastornos psiquiátricos. Método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal, con 410 pacientes atendidos en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de estadística descriptiva e inferencial y tabulados en el SPSS, versión 21.0. Resultados: entre los 410 prontuarios analizados, fueron encontrados el 22,9% de los prontuarios con registro de intento de suicidio. El intento de suicidio fue más frecuente en hombres, adultos, entre 19 y 59 años, sin vínculo matrimonial, con baja escolaridad e inactividad laboral. También se identificó asociación de intento de suicidio con comorbilidad psiquiátrica e historia de abuso físico o sexual, accidente o violencia doméstica, violencias, accidentes, pérdidas importantes, pérdidas o separación de los padres y conflictos familiares. Conclusión: pacientes en tratamiento en el centro de atención psicosocial con comorbilidad psiquiátrica e historia de experiencia traumática presentan mayor riesgo de comportamiento suicida. Descritores: Trastornos Mentales; Pacientes; Servicios de Salud Mental; Adulto; Intento de Suicidio; Enfermería.
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Yoo, Sung-Chul, and Jong-Kwang Ju. "Analysis of Yeosu Coastal Ferry Floating Object Accidents." Korea Association of Maritime Transportation Studies 2, no. 1 (December 31, 2023): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.58316/kamts.2023.2.1.3.
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This study sought to find measures to prevent passenger ship maritime accidents through analysis of recent coastal passenger ship floating accident in the Yeosu area by season, sea area, entangled floating object, and time of action. In addition, by sharing the analysis results with passenger shipping companies, it is expected that it will have a significant effect in raising awareness of the occurrence of secondary major accidents due to entanglement of floating objects. We will examine the status of policies related to floating objects at sea overseas and seek policy directions that should be pursued to reduce floating object entanglement accidents.
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Ismail, Azdy Ghaffar. "ANALISIS PENYEBAB KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA PEKERJA KONSTRUKSI DI PT. STANDAR BETON INDONESIA DENGAN PENDEKATAN METODE BEHAVIOR BASED SAFETY." JUSTI (Jurnal Sistem dan Teknik Industri) 3, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/justicb.v3i2.5228.
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ABSTRAK
Kecelakaan kerja di PT. Standar Beton Indonesia Plant JTB Cepu mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2020 sampai dengan 2021. Berdasarkan data historis perusahaan, kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi di PT. Standar Beton Indonesia disebabkan oleh 3 faktor yaitu unsafe action, unsafe condition, dan kejadian tidak terduga. Unsafe action merupakan tindakan atau perilaku yang tidak aman dan berbahaya bagi pekerja. Sedangkan unsafe conditions merupakan keadaan yang tidak aman merupakan sebuah kondisi dalam lingkungan kerja yang berpotensi untuk meningkatkan resiko kecelakaan pada pekerja proyek Kejadian tak terduga merupakan peristiwa yang disebabkan oleh bencana alam seperti banjir dan tanah longsor. Untuk dapat meminimalisir dan atau menghilangkan faktor kecelakaan kerja tersebut maka, dilakukan analisis penyebab kecelakaan kerja dengan menggunakan metode Behavior Based Safety. Hasil dari analisis tersebut ditemukan bahwa penyebab terbesar kecelakaan kerja adalah Unsafe Action, yaitu sebanyak 115 kasus dari 203 kasus yang terjadi pada tahun 2020 sampai dengan Juli 2021. Tindakan unsafe action terbanyak disebabkan karena lalainya penggunaan alat pelindung diri. Hal tersebut bisa diminimalisir dan atau dihilangkan dengan salah satunya pengawasan berkala di lapangan, serta sanksi bagi pelanggar.
Kata kunci : Kecelakaan Kerja, Behavior Based Safety, Unsafe Action
ABSTRACT
Work accident at PT Standar Beton Indonesia Plant JTB Cepu has increased from 2020 to 2021. Based on the company’s historical data, work accidents that occurred at PT Standar Beton Indonesia Plant are caused by 3 factors are Unsafe Action, Unsafe Condition, and Unforeseen Events. Unsafe action is an action or behavior that is unsafe and dangerous for workers. Meanwhile, unsafe conditions are conditions in the work environment that have the potential to increase the risk of accidents for project workers. Unforeseen events are events caused by natural disasters such as floods and landslides. To be able to minimize and or eliminate the work accident is carried out using the Behavior Based Safety method. The results of the analysis found that the biggest cause of work accidents was unsafe action, as many as 115 cases out of 203 cases that occurred in 2020 to July 2021. Most unsafe action actions were caused by negligence in the use of personal protective equipment. This can be minimized and/or eliminated by means of periodic supervision in the area, as well as sanctions for violators.
Keyword : Work Accident, Behavior Based Safety, Unsafe Action
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Jeong, Hwan-hui. "Research on Actual Situation Analysis and Response Measures for On-Site Fatal Accidents of Firefighters." K Association of Education Research 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 369–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.48033/jss.9.1.18.
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This study analyses the on-site fatal accidents of firefighters from 2002 to 2021 and proposes response measures to reduce fatal accidents. For this purpose, detailed analyses were conducted by type of work, cause, region, day of the week, rank, age, and years of service. The most common type of fatal accident was engaged in firefighting, followed by drowning and traffic accidents. There were more fatal accidents in Gyeonggi and Gangwon province on Thursdays. There was a disproportionately high rate of fatal accidents among those in leading positions(fire sergeant and senior firefighter) in the field and those in their late 30s. Firefighters with less than five years of experience had a high rate of fatalities. Based on these analyses, this study makes the following recommendations for reducing fatal accidents. First, a strategy for responding to fatal accidents that considers various causes and factors is needed. Second, response strategies should be tailored to each region and location. Third, a response strategy for early problem-solving is needed. Lastly, we need safety education based on the life cycle.
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Gurung, Rajan, Rajendra Aryal, Narayan KC, and Buddhi Raj Joshi. "Black Spot Location Identification for National Highway: A Case Study of Mugling – Kotre Section of Prithivi Highway of Nepal." Journal of Engineering Technology and Planning 4, no. 1 (September 12, 2023): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joetp.v4i1.58440.
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The rapid development of road infrastructure enhances connectivity and at the same time increases road crashes. A road traffic accident is one of the leading causes of injury and death in Nepal that has a great impact on the country’s economy. The identification of frequent road traffic crash spots and their causes are essential for the implementation of the most efficient countermeasures. Accident black spots are high-risk spots where numbers of accidents take place frequently and repeatedly. The study focused on the identification of black spots on the Mugling-Kotre section of the Prithivi highway of Nepal to provide knowledge for possible preventive measures for the improvement of road safety. The weighted severity index (WSI), prioritization index (PI), and focus group discussion have been performed to evaluate the safety status in the proposed area. The accident data were analyzed based on the weighted severity index (WSI), and the prioritization index (PI) was estimated by assigning a suitable weight to the factors contributing to an accident. Based on these results, six accident spots have been found critical regarding traffic safety. The result obtained from WSI and PI was further evaluated based on the focus group discussion so that essential safety measures could be implemented to enhance road safety.
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Ford, Stephen H., and Eugene C. Calvert. "Evaluation of a Low-Cost Program of Road System Traffic Safety Reviews for County Highways." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819a-34.
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Mendocino County is a large rural county in northern California with more than 1,000 centerline miles of county-maintained roads. The terrain is mountainous, with a few small inland valleys. During the 1990s, the Mendocino County Department of Transportation developed a program of road system traffic safety reviews to improve signing and markings on the arterials and collectors in the system. The effectiveness of the program was measured by comparing accident data for the reviewed roads with data for roads not included in, or influenced by, the reviews. To control for different groups of factors, two sets of control roads were selected—county-maintained roads not reviewed and state highways within the county. Over two consecutive 3-year review cycles, the number of accidents on the reviewed roads fell by 42.1%, while on the county-maintained roads not reviewed they increased by 26.5%, and on the state highways they fell by 3.3%. The total cost to conduct the reviews and implement the recommended changes was $ 79,300. The accident histories of the control roads were used to define the limits of the range of probable benefits. On the basis of average accident costs provided by the California Department of Transportation, calculated savings ranged from $ 12.58 million to $23.73 million, yielding a costs-to-benefits ratio between 1:159 and 1:299. The county is expanding the road system traffic safety review program to cover its entire maintained road system.
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Wanke, Eileen M., Helmgard Mill, Alice Wanke, Jacqueline Davenport, Franziska Koch, and David A. Groneberg. "Dance Floors as Injury Risk: Analysis and Evaluation of Acute Injuries Caused by Dance Floors in Professional Dance with Regard to Preventative Aspects." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2012.3025.
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A dance floor is often the only support of movements in dance. A dance floor surface that shows deficiencies, can result in acute injuries and chronic problems. Although the significance of an adequate dance floor is well known, there is still a lack of differentiated analyses of dance floor-related acute injuries. OBJECTIVE: This study presents data on acute injuries exclusively caused by the dance floor. METHODS: The data were obtained from standardized work accident reports from consultants (F 1000), documentary accident records from all Berlin theatres, a state ballet school (n=2,281), and case records from the Berlin State Accident Insurance (UKB) covering a period of 17 years. All analyses and descriptive statistics were conducted with Excel 2007 and SPSS 18. RESULTS: Dance floor surfaces were the causative factor in 12.8% of all accidents (n=291, female 183, male 108). Almost two thirds (62.6%) of all accidents in professional dancers happened on stage, and almost half (49.5%) occurred during performances. As for causative factors, 53.1% of the professional dancers (P) and 42.5% of the dance students (S) claimed that the floor had been “too slippery,” with “getting stuck” or “tripping” as the second most common problem (P 18.4%, S 11.3%). Of the injured dancers, 41.8% were older than 30 years and can therefore be categorized as experienced. CONCLUSION: Dance floors play a significant role in the occurrence of acute injuries, even in experienced dancers. Performances on stage seem to be a particular risk. However, injury prevention measures should include all work locations (P) as well as non-dance-specific locations (S).
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Alzate Alzate, Juan David. "Medios de transporte, accidentes de tránsito y legislación en Medellín (Colombia) durante las tres primeras décadas del siglo XX." HiSTOReLo. Revista de Historia Regional y Local 4, no. 8 (July 1, 2012): 209–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/historelo.v4n8.31856.
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Automóviles, coches, camiones y trenes aparecieron en Medellín (Colombia) durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, afectando las rutinas de los habitantes que tuvieron la necesidad de usarlos, transformando así las dinámicas de la ciudad. En este proceso, hombres y mujeres se vieron involucrados en circunstancias aciagas en las que estos aparatos fueron los medios a través de los cuales se cometían atropellamientos, que podían ser calificados como delitos, extendiendo así el marco de aplicación de las leyes y obligando, incluso, a generar estrategias legales para intentar llevar coherentemente estos litigios. El objeto central de este artículo es describir las formas como se presentaron los accidentes de tránsito en el contexto señalado y al mismo tiempo relacionar este tipo de hechos con la legislación existente en aquella época y la manera como era aplicada por las autoridades al momento de generar un veredicto sobre la culpabilidad por homicidio de un conductor. Para su elaboración se tuvieron en cuenta cinco sumarios por homicidio del Archivo Histórico Judicial de Medellín, información del Archivo Histórico de Medellín y de la Colección Patrimonio Documental de la Universidad de Antioquia, artículos de la prensa local, legislación y datos estadísticos de la época.Palabras clave: crecimiento urbano, vehículos, homicidios, sumarios, leyes, modernidad, accidentalidad. Means of Transport, Traffic Accidents and Legislation in Medellín, Colombia, during the First Three Decades of the 20th CenturyAbstractAutomobiles, cars, trucks and trains appeared in Medellín, Colombia, during the first decades of the 20th century, and affected the routines of the inhabitants who had the need to use them, thus transforming the dynamics of the city. In this process, men and women were involved in unfortunate circumstances in which these machines were the means through which people were run over. Since this act was qualified as a committed crime, it was necessary to enforce the laws and even generate legal strategies for consistently attempt these disputes. The aim of this article is to describe the ways how traffic accidents occurred in the stated context, and at the same time, relate this kind of facts with the existing legislation in that time, and the way as it was applied by the authorities when generating a verdict on the guilt of murder of a driver. For its preparation five summaries were considered by murder of the Archivo Historico Judicial de Medellín, the information of the Archivo Histórico de Medellín, and the Collection Heritage Documentary of the Unviersidad de Antioquia, articles from the local press, legislation and statistical data of that time. Keywords: urban growth, vehicles, killings, summaries, laws, modernity, accident.
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Goncharov, S. F., and A. V. Baranov. "Results of providing specialized medical care to victims in road traffic accidents on Federal highway M-8 “Kholmogory” in the Arkhangelsk region." Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations, no. 4 (December 13, 2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2020-0-4-35-41.
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Relevance. Currently, there is a general increase in the severity of injuries due to the dominance of high-energy multiple and concomitant injuries, especially on high-speed federal highways.Intention: To evaluate specialized medical care and hospital mortality in victims of road traffic accidents on the Federal Highway M-8 “Kholmogory” in the Arkhangelsk Region.Methodology. We selected 906 case histories of patients (form 003/y) injured in accidents on the federal highway M-8 “Kholmogory” and urgently admitted to hospitals of the Arkhangelsk region in 2012 - 2018. Registration forms were selected according to the criteria of retrospective full-design documentary observation. Differences between the observation groups were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05 with correction for multiple comparisons (Bonferroni).Results and Discussion. In the healthcare organizations of the Arkhangelsk region, patients with polytrauma received surgical treatment, with percentage of selective and urgent surgeries, average hospital bed days and time in intensive care units significantly higher (p = 0.001) compared to other patients, while isolated injuries were more often (p = 0.001) treated non-sur-gically. Hospital mortality was 6.0%, deceased patients were significantly older (p = 0.015), and pedestrians comprised half of them (p <0.001). Polytrauma was a cause of all deaths, with average severity of 38 points by the ISS severity scale [22; 48] (p = 0.001); more than a half died 1 day after an accident (p = 0.001).Conclusions. One of the possible ways to improve the medical care to victims of road traffic accidents on the federal highways at all stages of medical evacuation is to develop, scientifically justify and implement a systemic register of the health consequences of road traffic injuries in the practice of public health in the regions of Russian Federation.
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Meharg, A. A. "Assessing the environmental distribution of pollutants released from chemical accidents." Environmental Reviews 2, no. 2 (July 1, 1994): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a94-008.
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Case histories of the dispersal of chemicals released accidentally into the environment are reviewed with the purpose of developing strategies for assessing the ecological impact of chemical accidents. The range of accidents reported in the literature are diverse, as are the approaches used to follow up pollution events to assess ecological damage. The review classifies accidents according to the environmental components (atmospheric, aquatic, and terrestrial) that they pollute and the approaches for assessing damage to each of these components are discussed. From the literature reports of chemical accidents, it is clear that cohesive approaches must be developed for quantifying environmental contamination.Key words: Bhopal, chemical accidents and spills, environmental contamination, modelling pollution events, Seveso, Schweizerhalle.
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Chervinchuk, Andrii, Yevheniia Pylypenko, Serhii Pekarskyi, Tetiana Rekunenko, and Yurii Koller. "Legal regulation of the police units’ activities of European countries in the road safety field." Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.311-319.
Full textAbstract:
Administrative and legal tools and instruments in the activities of the police in the field of road safety are little-studied issues in the scientific literature, and law enforcement and international legal, organizational practice do not always comply with the law. Blurred legal regulation of road safety is one of the problems of reducing accidents, accidents and deaths. The purpose of this article is to identify the effectiveness of legal regulation of police units in European countries in the field of road safety. The research methodology is based on the “anthropological approach in which the overall research context is emphasized in the text”. Secondary interview data and content analysis of publications for 2008-2021 were used to conduct a qualitative research to study EU policy and norms. The results demonstrate progress in road safety through a comprehensive system approach of policy implementation under the Road Safety Program 2011-2020. Improving compliance with the rules is one of the main components of EU policy implemented by various countries at the national level through national road safety programs. As a result of increased controls, most EU countries have managed to reduce accidents and deaths, but in middle-income countries there are still problems with police operations. These problems concern the inadequate outdated legal framework, which is not effective in the conditions of dynamic change of road infrastructure, integration of intelligent systems on roads for the strengthened control and accident prevention. EU policy and national legislation often remain rather vague, particularly in the context of motorcyclist and pedestrian safety, especially in urban areas. The lack of accuracy and detail in the legislation of safety measures exacerbates the problem of accidents. Police activities often do not provide a sufficient level of control when, under environmental pressures, the police are unable to provide quality traffic and data management
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Chervinchuk, Andrii, Yevheniia Pylypenko, Serhii Pekarskyi, Tetiana Rekunenko, and Yurii Koller. "Legal regulation of the police units’ activities of European countries in the road safety field." Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.311-319.
Full textAbstract:
Administrative and legal tools and instruments in the activities of the police in the field of road safety are little-studied issues in the scientific literature, and law enforcement and international legal, organizational practice do not always comply with the law. Blurred legal regulation of road safety is one of the problems of reducing accidents, accidents and deaths. The purpose of this article is to identify the effectiveness of legal regulation of police units in European countries in the field of road safety. The research methodology is based on the “anthropological approach in which the overall research context is emphasized in the text”. Secondary interview data and content analysis of publications for 2008-2021 were used to conduct a qualitative research to study EU policy and norms. The results demonstrate progress in road safety through a comprehensive system approach of policy implementation under the Road Safety Program 2011-2020. Improving compliance with the rules is one of the main components of EU policy implemented by various countries at the national level through national road safety programs. As a result of increased controls, most EU countries have managed to reduce accidents and deaths, but in middle-income countries there are still problems with police operations. These problems concern the inadequate outdated legal framework, which is not effective in the conditions of dynamic change of road infrastructure, integration of intelligent systems on roads for the strengthened control and accident prevention. EU policy and national legislation often remain rather vague, particularly in the context of motorcyclist and pedestrian safety, especially in urban areas. The lack of accuracy and detail in the legislation of safety measures exacerbates the problem of accidents. Police activities often do not provide a sufficient level of control when, under environmental pressures, the police are unable to provide quality traffic and data management
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Haastrup, Palle, and Lars H. Brockhoff. "Reliability of accident case histories concerning hazardous chemicals." Journal of Hazardous Materials 27, no. 3 (December 1991): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(91)80059-w.
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Lee, Sangwoo, Woo-Min Cho, Hoyoung Son, Han-Sang Woo, Bu-Seog Ju, and Yoon-Suk Chang. "Effect of Elevated Temperature and Internal Pressure due to Severe Accidents on the Internal Pressure Capacity of Prestressed Concrete Containment Vessel." International Journal of Energy Research 2024 (January 24, 2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/9717587.
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The integrity of containment buildings in nuclear power plants is crucial for preventing the release of radioactive materials during severe accidents. This study investigates the effect of the uncertainty in temperature-dependent strength of concrete on the internal pressure capacity of prestressed concrete containment vessel (PCCV). To this end, a high-fidelity finite element model is developed and the uncertainty in concrete material properties due to temperature variations is taken into account for a finite element analysis with internal pressure and temperature histories. In addition, two limit states of PCCV, such as onset of leakage and functional failure, are defined to investigate internal pressure capacity depending on the different damages to PCCV. The results provide insights into the behavior of PCCV under severe accident conditions and the impact of the uncertainty in the concrete material due to temperature on their performance, in terms of the leakage of PCCV. This research enhances the understanding of PCCV’s response to internal pressure and temperature and contributes to the safety assessment of nuclear power plants.
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De Rijk, L. M. "Semantics and Metaphysics in Gilbert of Poitiers." Vivarium 26, no. 2 (1988): 73–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853488x00057.
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AbstractEach inhabitant of our world Gilbert calls (following Boethius) an id quod est or subsistens. Its main constituents are the subsistentiae (or the subsistent's id quo which is sometimes taken collectively to stand for ea quibus) and these are accompanied by the 'accidents', quantity and quality. The subsistent owes its status (or transitory condition) to a collection of inferior members of the Aristotelian class of accidents, which to Gilbert's mind are rather 'accessories' or 'attachments from without' (extrinsecus affixa). The term 'substantia' is used both to stand for substance and substantial form (subsistentia), i.e., that by which something is subsistent (or 'is a substance'). The collection of subsistentiae (substantial forms) or the forma totius is called natura. However, 'natura' is also used to stand for either just one subsistentia or all the forms found in a subsistens even including its 'accidental' forms (quantity and quality). The inclusion of all kinds of accidents (including those inferior ones that make up a thing's status) is seldom found in the intension of the word 'natura'. One of the key notions featuring in Gilbert's ontology is esse aliquid. 'To be a-something' has a threefold import. First, it means 'to be only some thing', and to miss perfection. Second, it has the positive sense of 'being a something', i.e. 'being determinate and well-delineated', not indefinite, not formless that is. Third, 'to be a something' implies concreteness, corporealness and singularity.
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Kim, Seung-Wook, and Price V. Fishback. "Institutional Change, Compensating Differentials, and Accident Risk in American Railroding, 1892–1945." Journal of Economic History 53, no. 4 (December 1993): 796–823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700051329.
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The labor markets in the railroad industry went through extensive institutional changes between 1890 and 1945. Federal laws increased railroad employers' liability for workplace accidents in several stages. Unions expanded to cover more occupations. The federal government set railroad wages during World War I and then mediated and arbitrated a large number of collective bargaining disputes between 1920 and 1945. We examine how these changes in institutions affected compensating differentials for fatal and nonfatal accident risk. The increasing role of unionization and government intervention coincided with a decline in the size of compensating differentials.
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Sachs, Miranda. ""But the Child Is Flighty, Playful, Curious"." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 45, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2019.450202.
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By the end of the nineteenth century, working-class children increasingly fell under adult supervision. Working-class boys, however, retained much autonomy over their leisure time. By examining memoirs and police archives, this article shows that boys’ play often flirted with the criminal or the dangerous. When boys entered the workplace, this reputation for lawless play followed them. Drawing on accident reports, this article demonstrates that employers and republican labor inspectors blamed boys for dangerous workplace accidents by highlighting boys’ playful nature. The article concludes by showing how reformers constructed spaces for boys’ leisure in an attempt to tame and direct their play. I argue that this reckless play became one of the defining characteristics of working-class boyhood both within peer society and to external observers. Regulating boys’ play thus became a way to ensure that they matured seamlessly into worker-citizens.
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Bérest, P. "Accidents in underground oil and gas storages: case histories and prevention." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 5, no. 4 (January 1990): 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0886-7798(90)90127-6.
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