Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hippocampus

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Hippocampus'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 October 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Hippocampus"

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Babb, Thomas L. "Bilateral Pathological Damage in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 18, S4 (November 1991): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s031716710003287x.

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ABSTRACT:Patients with drug-refractory temporal lobe epilepsy can be treated successfully with surgical resection of one temporal lobe, especially when the resection includes the hippocampus. Although intrahippocampal recordings usually localize seizure onsets to one hippocampus, there are bilaterally-independent interictal spikes, occasional contralateral seizure onsets and post-resection seizures that implicate contralateral damage and epileptogenicity. Post-mortem onquantified studies of both hippocampi in epileptics have revealed incidences of bilateral hippocampal sclerosis, mostly being asymmetric. The present paper reports on two post-mortem cases of bilateral, asymmetric cell loss in patients with physiologically-verified hippocampal epilepsy. In one patient the damage was severe bilaterally, but only slightly greater damage in one hippocampus. In the second patient, damage in one hippocampus was as severe as in the first patient; however the contralateral hippocampus appeared undamaged. However, cell counts revealed losses of over 30% in three different hippocampal subregions, indicating a mild form of asymmetric bilateral damage in patient two.
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Dobryakova, Yulia V., Konstantin Gerasimov, Yulia S. Spivak, Tinna Korotkova, Alena Koryagina, Angelina Deryabina, Vladimir A. Markevich, and Alexey P. Bolshakov. "The Induction of Long-Term Potentiation by Medial Septum Activation under Urethane Anesthesia Can Alter Gene Expression in the Hippocampus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 16 (August 19, 2023): 12970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612970.

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We studied changes in the expression of early genes in hippocampal cells in response to stimulation of the dorsal medial septal area (dMSA), leading to long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Rats under urethane anesthesia were implanted with stimulating electrodes in the ventral hippocampal commissure and dMSA and a recording electrode in the CA1 area of the hippocampus. We found that high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the dMSA led to the induction of long-term potentiation in the synapses formed by the ventral hippocampal commissure on the hippocampal CA1 neurons. One hour after dMSA HFS, we collected the dorsal and ventral hippocampi on both the ipsilateral (damaged by the implanted electrode) and contralateral (intact) sides and analyzed the expression of genes by qPCR. The dMSA HFS led to an increase in the expression of bdnf and cyr61 in the ipsilateral hippocampi and egr1 in the ventral contralateral hippocampus. Thus, dMSA HFS under the conditions of degeneration of the cholinergic neurons in the medial septal area prevented the described increase in gene expression. The changes in cyr61 expression appeared to be dependent on the muscarinic M1 receptors. Our data suggest that the induction of long-term potentiation by dMSA activation enhances the expression of select early genes in the hippocampus.
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Zhang, Jia-He, Takashi Tasaki, Manabu Tsukamoto, Ke-Yong Wang, Kin-ya Kubo, and Kagaku Azuma. "Deletion of Wnt10a Is Implicated in Hippocampal Neurodegeneration in Mice." Biomedicines 10, no. 7 (June 25, 2022): 1500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071500.

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The hippocampus plays an important role in maintaining normal cognitive function and is closely associated with the neuropathogenesis of dementia. Wnt signaling is relevant to neuronal development and maturation, synaptic formation, and plasticity. The role of Wnt10a in hippocampus-associated cognition, however, is largely unclear. Here, we examined the morphological and functional alterations in the hippocampus of Wnt10a-knockout (Wnt10a-/-) mice. Neurobehavioral tests revealed that Wnt10a-/- mice exhibited spatial memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior. Immunostaining and Western blot findings showed that the protein expressions of β-catenin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and doublecortin were significantly decreased and that the number of activated microglia increased, accompanied by amyloid-β accumulation, synaptic dysfunction, and microglia-associated neuroinflammation in the hippocampi of Wnt10a-/- mice. Our findings revealed that the deletion of Wnt10a decreased neurogenesis, impaired synaptic function, and induced hippocampal neuroinflammation, eventually leading to hippocampal neurodegeneration and memory deficit, possibly through the β-catenin signaling pathway, providing a novel insight into preventive approaches for hippocampus-dependent cognitive impairment.
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Spivak, Yulia S., Anna A. Karan, Yulia V. Dobryakova, Tatiana M. Medvedeva, Vladimir A. Markevich, and Alexey P. Bolshakov. "Deep Brain Stimulation of the Medial Septal Area Can Modulate Gene Expression in the Hippocampus of Rats under Urethane Anesthesia." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 11 (May 27, 2022): 6034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116034.

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We studied the effects of stimulation of the medial septal area on the gene expression in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus. Rats under urethane anesthesia were implanted with a recording electrode in the right hippocampus and stimulating electrode in the dorsal medial septum (dMS) or medial septal nucleus (MSN). After one-hour-long deep brain stimulation, we collected ipsi- and contralateral dorsal and ventral hippocampi. Quantitative PCR showed that deep brain stimulation did not cause any changes in the intact contralateral dorsal and ventral hippocampi. A comparison of ipsi- and contralateral hippocampi in the control unstimulated animals showed that electrode implantation in the ipsilateral dorsal hippocampus led to a dramatic increase in the expression of immediate early genes (c-fos, arc, egr1, npas4), neurotrophins (ngf, bdnf) and inflammatory cytokines (il1b and tnf, but not il6) not only in the area close to implantation site but also in the ventral hippocampus. Moreover, the stimulation of MSN but not dMS further increased the expression of c-fos, egr1, npas4, bdnf, and tnf in the ipsilateral ventral but not dorsal hippocampus. Our data suggest that the activation of medial septal nucleus can change the gene expression in ventral hippocampal cells after their priming by other stimuli.
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Goda, Jayant S., Debnarayan Dutta, Uday Krishna, Savita Goswami, Vikas Kothavade, Sadhna Kannan, Madan Maitre, Nazia Bano, Tejpal Gupta, and Rakesh Jalali. "Hippocampal radiotherapy dose constraints for predicting long-term neurocognitive outcomes: mature data from a prospective trial in young patients with brain tumors." Neuro-Oncology 22, no. 11 (March 30, 2020): 1677–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa076.

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Abstract Background Hippocampus is considered to be the seat for neurocognitive functions. Avoidance of hippocampus during radiotherapy to brain may serve to preserve various domains of neurocognition. We aimed to derive radiotherapy dose constraints to hippocampi for preserving neurocognition in young patients with brain tumors by measuring various neurocognitive parameters. Methods Forty-eight patients with residual/progressive benign or low-grade brain tumors treated with stereotactic conformal radiotherapy (SCRT) to a dose of 54 Gy in 30 fractions underwent prospective neuropsychological assessments at baseline before SCRT and at 6 months and 2, 3, 4, and 5 years. Hippocampi were drawn as per the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group atlas. Longitudinal change in intelligence quotient scores was correlated with hippocampal doses. Results Mean volume of bilateral hippocampi was 4.35 cc (range: 2.12–8.41 cc). Craniopharyngioma was the commonest histologic subtype. A drop of >10% in mean full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) scores at 3 and 5 years post SCRT was observed in patients in whom left hippocampus received a mean dose of 30.7 Gy (P = 0.04) and 31 Gy (P = 0.04), respectively. Mean performance quotient (PQ) scores dropped > 10% at 5 years when the left hippocampus received a dose of > 32 Gy (P = 0.03). There was no significant correlation of radiotherapy doses with verbal quotient, or with doses received by the right hippocampus. Multivariate analysis revealed young age (<13 y) and left hippocampus dose predicted for clinically relevant decline in certain neurocognitive domains. Conclusions A mean dose of ≤30 Gy to the left hippocampus as a dose constraint for preserving intelligence quotient is suggested. Key Points 1. Children and young adults with benign and low-grade gliomas survive long after therapy. 2. Higher dose to the hippocampi may result in long-term neurocognitive impairment. 3. Mean dose of <30 Gy to left hippocampus could be used as a pragmatic dose constraint to prevent long-term neurocognitive decline.
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Ang, Mary Jasmin, Sueun Lee, Mai Wada, Poornima D. E. Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage, Sung-Ho Kim, Taekyun Shin, Tae-Il Jeon, Seung-Soon Im, and Changjong Moon. "SREBP-1c Deficiency Affects Hippocampal Micromorphometry and Hippocampus-Dependent Memory Ability in Mice." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11 (June 5, 2021): 6103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116103.

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Changes in structural and functional neuroplasticity have been implicated in various neurological disorders. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c is a critical regulatory molecule of lipid homeostasis in the brain. Recently, our findings have shown the potential involvement of SREBP-1c deficiency in the alteration of novel modulatory molecules in the hippocampus and occurrence of schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice. However, the possible underlying mechanisms, related to neuronal plasticity in the hippocampus, are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the hippocampus-dependent memory function and neuronal architecture of hippocampal neurons in SREBP-1c knockout (KO) mice. During the passive avoidance test, SREBP-1c KO mice showed memory impairment. Based on Golgi staining, the dendritic complexity, length, and branch points were significantly decreased in the apical cornu ammonis (CA) 1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG) subregions of the hippocampi of SREBP-1c KO mice, compared with those of wild-type (WT) mice. Additionally, significant decreases in the dendritic diameters were detected in the CA3 and DG subregions, and spine density was also significantly decreased in the apical CA3 subregion of the hippocampi of KO mice, compared with that of WT mice. Alterations in the proportions of stubby and thin-shaped dendritic spines were observed in the apical subcompartments of CA1 and CA3 in the hippocampi of KO mice. Furthermore, the corresponding differential decreases in the levels of SREBP-1 expression in the hippocampal subregions (particularly, a significant decrease in the level in the CA3) were detected by immunofluorescence. This study suggests that the contributions of SREBP-1c to the structural plasticity of the mouse hippocampus may have underlain the behavioral alterations. These findings offer insights into the critical role of SREBP-1c in hippocampal functioning in mice.
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Seress, László, Hajnalka Ábrahám, Zsolt Horváth, Tamás Dóczi, József Janszky, Joyce Klemm, Richard Byrne, and Roy A. E. Bakay. "Survival of mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in humans with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy." Journal of Neurosurgery 111, no. 6 (December 2009): 1237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2008.11.jns08779.

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Object Hippocampal sclerosis can be identified in most patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Surgical removal of the sclerotic hippocampus is widely performed to treat patients with drug-resistant mesial TLE. In general, both epilepsy-prone and epilepsy-resistant neurons are believed to be in the hippocampal formation. The hilar mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus are usually considered one of the most vulnerable types of neurons. The aim of this study was to clarify the fate of mossy cells in the hippocampus in epileptic humans. Methods Of the 19 patients included in this study, 15 underwent temporal lobe resection because of drug-resistant TLE. Four patients were used as controls because they harbored tumors that had not invaded the hippocampus and they had experienced no seizures. Histological evaluation of resected hippocampal tissues was performed using immunohistochemistry. Results Mossy cells were identified in the control as well as the epileptic hippocampi by using cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide immunohistochemistry. In most cases the number of mossy cells was reduced and thorny excrescences were smaller in the epileptic hippocampi than in controls; however, there was a significant loss of pyramidal cells and a partial loss of granule cells in the same epileptic hippocampi in which mossy cell loss was apparent. The loss of mossy cells could be correlated with the extent of hippocampal sclerosis, patient age at seizure onset, duration of epilepsy, and frequency of seizures. Conclusions In many cases large numbers of mossy cells were present in the hilus of the dentate gyrus when most pyramidal neurons of the CA1 and CA3 areas of the Ammon's horn were lost, suggesting that mossy cells may not be more vulnerable to epileptic seizures than the hippocampal pyramidal neurons.
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Hanycz, Shaun Andrew, Alborz Noorani, Peter Shih-Ping Hung, Matthew R. Walker, Ashley B. Zhang, Timur H. Latypov, and Mojgan Hodaie. "Hippocampus diffusivity abnormalities in classical trigeminal neuralgia." PAIN Reports 9, no. 3 (April 19, 2024): e1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pr9.0000000000001159.

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Abstract Introduction: Patients with chronic pain frequently report cognitive symptoms that affect memory and attention, which are functions attributed to the hippocampus. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder characterized by paroxysmal attacks of unilateral orofacial pain. Given the stereotypical nature of TN pain and lack of negative symptoms including sensory loss, TN provides a unique model to investigate the hippocampal implications of chronic pain. Recent evidence demonstrated that TN is associated with macrostructural hippocampal abnormalities indicated by reduced subfield volumes; however, there is a paucity in our understanding of hippocampal microstructural abnormalities associated with TN. Objectives: To explore diffusivity metrics within the hippocampus, along with its functional and structural subfields, in patients with TN. Methods: To examine hippocampal microstructure, we utilized diffusion tensor imaging in 31 patients with TN and 21 controls. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were segmented into hippocampal subfields and registered into diffusion-weighted imaging space. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity were extracted for hippocampal subfields and longitudinal axis segmentations. Results: Patients with TN demonstrated reduced FA in bilateral whole hippocampi and hippocampal body and contralateral subregions CA2/3 and CA4, indicating microstructural hippocampal abnormalities. Notably, patients with TN showed significant correlation between age and hippocampal FA, while controls did not exhibit this correlation. These effects were driven chiefly by female patients with TN. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that TN is associated with microstructural hippocampal abnormalities, which may precede and potentially be temporally linked to volumetric hippocampal alterations demonstrated previously. These findings provide further evidence for the role of the hippocampus in chronic pain and suggest the potential for targeted interventions to mitigate cognitive symptoms in patients with chronic pain.
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Dias Duarte Machado, Luiz Gabriel, Lior Mevorach, Victor De Oliveira Corrêa, Maria Eugênia Martins Publio Correa, Gabriel Phillip Sinibaldi Eagers, Guilherme Rodrigues Guidoni, Antonio Santoro, and Paulo Henrique Pires de Aguiar. "Study of hippocampal size and age." Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology 125, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ijae-11867.

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Objective (or background): The hippocampus is a thoroughly studied structure of the temporal lobe. In contrast to our current knowledge of hippocampal anatomy, neurophysiology and pathophysiology, scientific literature on the relationship between the hippocampal size and age is limited. Our study aims to further the understanding of this relationship. Methods: 16 hippocampi were anatomized, photographed, measured and analyzed in comparison to age and gender using Pearson and bootstrap analyses with IBM SPSS®. Results: The results for all three independent variables of size, age and gender were not statistically significant. Conclusions: We were unable to show a statistically significant result on the correlation between the size of the hippocampus and age due to small sample size.
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Leskinen, Sandra, Harshal Shah, Morana Vojnic, Beril Yaffe, Shonna Schneider, Randy D'Amico, and A. Gabriella Wernicke. "RADT-03. A CASE OF PARTIAL HIPPOCAMPAL-AVOIDANCE WHOLE BRAIN RADIOTHERAPY IN A PATIENT WITH METASTATIC INFILTRATION OF THE LEFT HIPPOCAMPUS." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_5 (November 1, 2023): v48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad179.0192.

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Abstract In addition to surgical resection and systemic therapy, whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is a crucial modality in the treatment of cancers that have metastasized to the brain. It has been shown to improve intracranial disease control and overall survival. However, WBRT also increases the risk of radiation-associated damage to sensitive structures like the hippocampus, often resulting in neurocognitive dysfunction and decline. Hippocampal avoidance WBRT (HAWBRT) has been shown to reduce neurocognitive sequalae without worsening survival outcomes or increasing the risk of metastasis to the spared region compared to conventional WBRT. In cases where both hippocampi cannot be completely spared, the effectiveness of partial hippocampal avoidance on neurocognitive function and tumor control have been poorly described. We present the case of a patient diagnosed with triple negative invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and disease metastatic to the brain, lung, bones, adrenal glands, and liver. Brain imaging revealed multiple brain metastases, two of which were noted near the left hippocampus. The patient underwent partial HAWBRT with complete avoidance of the right hippocampus and partial avoidance of the left. At 1-year follow-up, there was no evidence of metastasis in or near the partially spared left hippocampus. The patient’s neurocognitive functional status remained consistent with the findings of prospective randomized trials in which total bilateral hippocampal sparing was performed. To our knowledge, no such case has been presented in the literature. Further studies assessing the role of partial hippocampal avoidance in WBRT are needed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hippocampus"

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Woodall, Lucy. "Population genetics and mating systems of European seahorses Hippocampus guttalatus and Hippocampus hippocampus." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538319.

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Molecular genetic studies of European seahorses revealed the presence of two native species (European long snouted seahorse Hippocampus guttulatus and European short snouted seahorse Hippocampus hippocampus) the primary focus of the present study. Ecological studies across the entire geographic range of the species confirmed low density and patchy population distribution. Habitat and holdfast preferences were different for the two seahorse species, with substantial variation between population locations. Morphological characteristics of the seahorses varied considerably across their range, but significant differences were observed within just one population of each species. No environmental parameters were consistent across all populations, and no specific indicators for seahorse presence were discovered. The tissue collection technique, fin clipping, was confirmed to not significantly affect seahorse mortality or growth; this technique was used for all tissue biopsies during this study. Genetic analysis using mitochondrial DNA sequences and data from five microsatellite markers revealed significant population structuring across both species' geographic range. Contemporary environmental factors for this structuring were both physical barriers to gene flow and geographic distance between populations. Most physical barriers identified have also affected other marine species; however a proposed barrier at Cape Finisterre, observed for both seahorse species, has previously only been documented in a few other species. Historic events appear to have influenced the contemporary structure of the two seahorse species differently, with H. hippocampus showing less population structuring. Population expansion and founder effects were seen in most geographic regions. Previously acknowledged refugia sites of the last glacial maximum were also seen in seahorses, but these were different in each species. Microsatellite markers revealed monogamy within broods and breeding cycles for the social polygamous H. guttulatus. Finally the findings of this study were used to suggest specific management and conservation practises for seahorse species across Europe.
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Darling, Ryan Daniel. "HIPPOCAMPAL THETA-TRIGGERED CONDITIONING: ENHANCED RESPONSES IN HIPPOCAMPUS AND PREFRONTAL CORTEX." Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1130446123.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [1], v, 48 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 16-20).
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Cornish, S. "Hippocampal suspension grafts in the Kainic acid lesioned hippocampus of the rat." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384375.

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Kremers, Wolfram. "Neuroprotektion durch Nikotin, Clenbuterol, Memantin und Prolin-reiches Peptid in einer Primärkultur von postnatalen Hippocampuszellen der Ratte." Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2004/0435/.

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Rooney, Alasdair Grant. "Matrix signalling and hippocampal neurogenesis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33168.

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The adult mammalian brain harbours at least two germinal - or neurogenic - niches in which new neurons are born throughout life. These neurogenic niches comprise the subependymal zone which lines the ventricular system, and the subgranular zone in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Post-natal hippocampal neurogenesis was in fact first identified experimentally in the 1960s. However perhaps due partly to aforementioned institutionalised belief and partly to a lack of accessible experimental tools, the phenomenon of hippocampal neurogenesis was widely recognised by the scientific community only shortly before the millennium. Consequent study has established that adult hippocampal neurogenesis has been conserved through millions of years of evolution in nearly every mammalian species studied to date. Importantly, post-mortem studies and radioisotope carbon dating techniques suggest that it also occurs in humans. A great deal of this research has focused on understanding the inner workings of the cells that undergo the transformation to become new adult-born neurons. By contrast, relatively little is known about the potential regulatory role of the surrounding extracellular microenvironment. This might be useful to know in light of much evidence that the extracellular matrix is a key regulator of developmental neurogenesis. This thesis describes my study of whether extracellular matrix regulates hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Stening, Eva. "The Influence of APOE ε4 on the Hippocampus and Hippocampus-Dependent Memory." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-302855.

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APOE ε4 is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, a dementia characterized by memory impairment and hippocampal atrophy. While associated with episodic impairment and reduced hippocampal volume in healthy aging, APOE ε4 has been related to increased episodic memory performance in young adults. The effect of APOE ε4 on hippocampal volume in young age is uncertain, with studies showing comparable or smaller volumes in ε4 carriers. This thesis aims to further explore the effects of APOE ε4 on episodic memory and hippocampal volume in young adults. In addition to episodic memory, spatial memory will also be assessed, as both these memory types are hippocampus-dependent. Furthermore, potential modulating effects of sex are assessed, as sex differences has been found in relation to APOE-related pathology, episodic and spatial memory and hippocampal volume. Study I examined the effects of APOE ε4 on episodic and spatial memory and hippocampal volume in young adults. Hippocampal volume was assessed by manual tracing of the hippocampal head, body and tail. Study II considered whole-brain structural covariance patterns of the anterior and posterior hippocampus. Furthermore, the association between these patterns and episodic and spatial memory performance was assessed. Study III investigated the effects of APOE ε4 on episodic and spatial memory and hippocampal volume in three different age groups. This was done in order to further explore the different effects of APOE ε4 on cognition and hippocampal volume seen in young and older age. In summary, APOE ε4 was positively associated with spatial function and episodic memory in young adults. Although there were no effects of APOE ε4 on hippocampal volume, structural covariance patterns of the anterior and posterior hippocampus differed as a function of APOE ε4 and sex. Thus, structural covariance may provide an early measure of APOE ε4-related effects on brain structure. Moreover, sex was found to modulate the effects of APOE ε4 to the disadvantage of women. This was seen in both age-related hippocampal volume effects and in structural covariance patterns in young adults, as well as in spatial memory performance across age groups.
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Khanna, Sanjay. "The hippocampus in nociception." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30685.

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Limbic structures, including the hippocampus, are thought to be involved in pain though not much is known of their neuronal responses to noxious stimuli. Experiments were therefore performed in lightly anaesthetized rats to determine the effect of noxious heat stimuli on the excitability of dorsal hippocampal field CA1 pyramidal neurones. A prolonged and substantial depression of the CA1 population spike was produced by a brief but intense noxious stimulus applied to the tail. This depression was temperature-dependent and habituated to subsequent noxious stimuli applied more than 1 hr later. In other animals, a similar depression and habituation was also obtained with noxious heat stimuli applied to the left hind paw. However, following this habituation of the hind paw, a persistent depression of the CA1 population spike was seen if the tail was exposed to a noxious heat stimulus. The persistent depression was absent when noxious heat was applied in the presence of hippocampal theta rhythm. If, however, the hippocampal electroencephalographic ( EEG ) activity was in an irregular pattern at the time noxious heat was applied, a 4-6 Hz theta rhythm was produced along with the depression of the population spike. The latency and intensity of the reflex response was combined into a reflex-reaction score. There appeared to be a relationship between the reflex-reaction score and the duration of theta rhythm induced by different intensities of noxious heat stimuli but there was no habituation to these responses. The CA1 population spike evoked either by ipsilateral or contralateral CA3 stimulation was similarly depressed following a noxious stimulus. Concomitantly, the persistent depression and habituation of the commissural CA1 population spike was also accompanied by similar changes in the corresponding dendritic field excitatory postsynaptic potential ( EPSP ). However, the amplitude of the CA1 antidromic spike was increased in the majority of cases. These findings suggest that a presynaptically mediated decrease in synaptic transmission may account for the depression of the population spike and dendritic field EPSP. There is evidence to suggest that the noxious stimulus-induced persistent depression of CA1 pyramidal cell synaptic excitability is due to a cholinergic projection from the medial septal-vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca complex ( MS-VLDBB ). Thus, atropine sulphate ( 40 mg/kg, i.p. ) prevented the persistent depression of the CA1 population spike to a noxious stimulus. It also antagonized the septal tetanus-evoked, cholinergic mediated facilitation of the CA1 commissural population spike but had no effect on the corresponding paired-pulse facilitation. Atropine, applied iontophoretically to the cell body region antagonized the iontophoretic acetylcholine-induced facilitation of the CA1 population spike but not its depression to a noxious stimulus. On the other hand, apical dendritic application of atropine antagonized iontophoretic acetylcholine and noxious stimulus-induced depression of the CA1 dendritic field EPSP. However, such iontophoretic application of atropine had no effect on dendritically applied gamma aminobutyric acid ( GABA )-induced depression of the CA1 dendritic field EPSP. These results support the notion that acetylcholine release in the dendritic region of CA1 neurones is involved in the depression of synaptic excitability of these neurones evoked by a noxious stimulus.
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of
Graduate
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Legrand, Marie. "Effets de l'uranium appauvri sur le processus de neurogenèse au cours du développement et à l'age adulte chez le rat." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS054/document.

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Le projet de thèse s’inscrit dans la continuité de l’étude pilote développée dans le cadre du programme Doremi (Consortium européen de programmes de recherche portant sur les effets des faibles doses). En partant des résultats préliminaires déjà obtenus sur ce projet, l’objectif est d’approfondir les études sur les effets d’une contamination chronique à l’uranium via l’eau de boisson sur le processus de neurogénèse au cours du développement cérébral mais également au stade adulte. La première partie du projet de thèse consiste à comparer la prolifération, la survie et le potentiel de différentiation des cellules des zones neurogéniques (dans l’hippocampe principalement) à l’aide de marqueurs spécifiques de chaque stade de différentiation chez des rats contaminés ou non à l’uranium dès le stade in utero. Cette étude in vivo sera entreprise à différents stades : pendant le développement cérébral embryonnaire et post natal et à l’âge adulte. Cette première partie donnera des pistes pour étudier plus en détails les mécanismes d’action. La deuxième partie du projet de thèse vise donc à étudier comment l’uranium agit sur la neurogénèse à l’aide de modèles in vitro et ex vivo. Des cultures primaires de neurosphères seront utilisées afin d’étudier l’effet de l’uranium sur les capacités de multipotentialité des cellules souches neurales. En parallèle, un modèle de culture organotypique d’hippocampe sera développé. Ce modèle est particulièrement intéressant car il permet de réaliser des expositions aux radionucléides « à façon », d’en étudier les mécanismes d’action dans des aires cérébrales ayant une cytoarchitecture préservée et mettant en jeu différents types cellulaires, tout en combinant des méthodes d’analyse en histologie et en biologie moléculaire
The PhD project is a continuity of the Doremi program (European Consortium of research programs on low doses effects). The objective is to assess the effects a chronic uranium contamination via drinking water on neurogenesis during brain development and in adult rats. The first part of the project will evaluate proliferation, survival and cell differentiation in neurogenic zones (in particular in the hippocampus) using specific markers for each differentiation stage in control and contaminated rats from the in utero life. This in vivo study will be performed at different stages: during embryonic and postnatal brain development and at the adult age. This part of the project will provide some clues on the potential mechanisms of action that we aim to study more in details. For this purpose, the second part of the project will be performed on in vitro and ex vivo model. Neurosphere primary cultures will be performed to assess uranium effects on the multipotential properties of neural stem cells. We also plan to use a model of hippocampal organotypic culture which will allow the study of the mechanisms of action in a preserved ex vivo structure in terms of cytoarchitecture, cell interactions, and being able to test different uranium concentrations and combine multiple analyses methods (histology, molecular biology…)
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Mercer, Audrey. "Hippocampal circuitry and characterisation of interneurones in the CA2 subfield of the rat hippocampus." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420370.

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Rennó, Costa César. "The Hippocampus code : a computational study of the structure and function of the hippocampus." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/94196.

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Actualment, no hi ha consens científic respecte a la informació representada en la activitat de les célules del hipocamp. D'una banda, experiments amb humans sostenen una visión de la funció de l'hipocamp com a un sistema per l'emmagatzematge de memóries episódiques, mentre que la recerca amb rodents enfatitza una visió com a sistema cognitiu espacial. Tot i que existeix abundant evidència experimental que indica una possible sobreposició d'ambdues teories, aquesta dissociació també es manté en part en base a dades fisiològiques aparentment incompatibles. Aquesta tèsi poposa que l'hippocamp té un rol funcional que s'hauría d'analitzar en termes de la seva estructura i funció, enlloc de mitjança estudis correlació entre activitat neuronal i comportament. La identificació d'un codi a l'hipocamp, es a dir, el conjunt de principis computacionals que conformen les transformacions d'entrada i sortida de l'activitat neuronal, hauría de proporcionar un explicació unificada de la seva funció. En aquesta tèsi presentem un model teòric que descriu quantitativament i que interpreta la selectivitat de certes regions de l'hipocamp en funció de variables espaials i no-espaials, tal i com observada en experiments amb rates. Aquest resultat suggereix que multiples aspectes de la memòria expressada en humans i rodents deriven d'uns mateixos principis. Per aquest motius, proposem nous principis per la memòria, l'auto-completat de patrons i plasticitat. A més, mitjançant aplicacions robòtiques, creem d'un nexe causal entre el circuit neural i el comportament amb el que demostrem la naturalesa conjuntiva de la selectivitat neuronal observada en el hipocamp es necessària per la solució de problemes pràctics comuns, com per example la cerca d'aliments. Tot plegat, aquests resultats avancen en l'idea general de que el codi de l'hipocamp es genèric i aplicable als diversos tipus de memòries estudiades en la literatura.
There is no consensual understanding on what the activity of the hippocampus neurons represents. While experiments with humans foster a dominant view of an episodic memory system, experiments with rodents promote its role as a spatial cognitive system. Although there is abundant evidence pointing to an overlap between these two theories, the dissociation is sustained by conflicting physiological data. This thesis proposes that the functional role of the hippocampus should be analyzed in terms of its structure and function rather than by the correlation of neuronal activity and behavioral performance. The identification of the hippocampus code, i.e. the set of computational principles underlying the input-output transformations of neural activity, might ultimately provide a unifying understanding of its role. In this thesis we present a theoretical model that quantitatively describes and interprets the selectivity of regions of the hippocampus to spatial and non-spatial variables observed in experiments with rats. The results suggest that the multiple aspects of memory expressed in human and rodent data are derived form similar principles. This approach suggests new principles for memory, pattern completion and plasticity. In addition, by creating a causal tie between the neural circuitry and behavior through a robotic control framework we show that the conjunctive nature of neural selectivity observed in the hippocampus is needed for effective problem solving in real-world tasks such as foraging. Altogether, these results advance the concept that the hippocampal code is generic to the different aspects of memory highlighted in the literature.
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Books on the topic "Hippocampus"

1

Ndiaye, Cheikh. Hippocampus. Versailles: La Marechalerie centre d'art contemporain, 2017.

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Isaacson, Robert L., and Karl H. Pribram, eds. The Hippocampus. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8024-9.

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Duvernoy, Henri M. The Human Hippocampus. Munich: J.F. Bergmann-Verlag, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54195-7.

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Duvernoy, Henri M., Francoise Cattin, and Pierre-Yves Risold. The Human Hippocampus. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33603-4.

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Duvernoy, Henri M. The Human Hippocampus. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b138576.

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Duvernoy, Henri M. The Human Hippocampus. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03628-0.

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Per, Andersen, ed. The hippocampus book. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.

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Frotscher, Michael, Peter Kugler, Ulrich Misgeld, and Karl Zilles. Neurotransmission in the Hippocampus. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73354-3.

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F, McGinty Jacqueline, Friedman David P, and National Institute on Drug Abuse., eds. Opioids in the hippocampus. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1988.

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McGinty, Jacqueline F. Opioids in the hippocampus. Edited by Friedman David P and National Institute on Drug Abuse. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hippocampus"

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Bloch, Michael H., Michael H. Bloch, Mark A. Geyer, David C. S. Roberts, Eileen M. Joyce, Jonathan P. Roiser, John H. Halpern, et al. "Hippocampus." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 587. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_709.

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Waxman, Amanda. "Hippocampus." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1248–52. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1126.

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McGovern, Amanda. "Hippocampus." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1126-2.

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McGovern, Amanda. "Hippocampus." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1700–1705. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1126.

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Heckers, S. "Hippocampus." In Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology, 313–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30410-6_9.

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Sainburg, Robert L., Andrew L. Clark, George E. Billman, Zachary J. Schlader, Toby Mündel, Kevin Milne, Earl G. Noble, et al. "Hippocampus." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 410. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2491.

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Boie, Ioana. "Hippocampus." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 745–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_1364.

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Woods, Douglas W., Matthew R. Capriotti, Madison Pilato, Carolyn A. Doyle, Christopher J. McDougle, Beth Springate, Deborah Fein, et al. "Hippocampus." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1508. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_562.

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Alleva, Enrico, Aldo Fasolo, Hans-Peter Lipp, Lynn Nadel, and Laura Ricceri. "Hippocampus." In Behavioural Brain Research in Naturalistic and Semi-Naturalistic Settings, 353–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0091-5_19.

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Barnfield, Anne. "Hippocampus." In Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 1963–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_760.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hippocampus"

1

Yu, Naigong, Zexuan Lv, and Jinhan Yan. "A Hippocampus Spatial Cognition Model based on Predictive Coding." In 2024 43rd Chinese Control Conference (CCC), 6812–17. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ccc63176.2024.10661414.

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Catasta, Michele, Alberto Tonon, Djellel Eddine Difallah, Gianluca Demartini, Karl Aberer, and Philippe Cudre-Mauroux. "Hippocampus." In the 23rd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2567948.2576946.

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Gristina, Michele, Cataldo Pierri, Tamara Lazic, and Mauro Sinopoli. "A global systematic review on ecological distribution of European seahorses Hippocampus guttulatus and Hippocampus hippocampus." In 2021 International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metrosea52177.2021.9611593.

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Gristina, Michele, Cataldo Pierri, Tamara Lazic, and Jorge Palma. "Behavioral traits of captive short-snouted seahorse Hippocampus hippocampus, Linnaeus 1758." In 2022 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metrosea55331.2022.9950976.

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Gao, Yi, and Lawrence Ver Hoef. "The bumps on the hippocampus." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Martin A. Styner and Elsa D. Angelini. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2216095.

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Ranem, Amin, Camila Gonzalez, and Anirban Mukhopadhyay. "Continual Hippocampus Segmentation with Transformers." In 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvprw56347.2022.00415.

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Drawbaugh, D. W. "Toward a model of the hippocampus." In 1990 IJCNN International Joint Conference on Neural Networks. IEEE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.1990.137785.

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BICKFORD, PAULA C., CHRISTINE L. MILLER, KAREN MOXON, VERA LUNTZ-LEYBMAN, KAREN STEVENS, CATHERINE ADAMS, ROBERT FREEDMAN, GREG ROSE, and LARRY ADLER. "AUDITORY SENSORY GATING IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS." In Proceedings of the International School of Biocybernetics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812776563_0012.

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Jafari-Khouzani, Kourosh, Mohammad-Reza Siadat, Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh, and Kost Elisevich. "Texture analysis of hippocampus for epilepsy." In Medical Imaging 2003, edited by Anne V. Clough and Amir A. Amini. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.480697.

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Fox, Charles, and Tony Prescott. "Hippocampus as unitary coherent particle filter." In 2010 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2010.5596681.

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Reports on the topic "Hippocampus"

1

Chance, Frances. Modeling Information Multiplexing in the Hippocampus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1761822.

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Deadwyler, Sam A. Multiple Neuron Recording in the Hippocampus of Freely Moving Animals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada248417.

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Deadwyler, Sam A. Multiple Neuron Recording in the Hippocampus of Freely Moving Animals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada264807.

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Johnston, Daniel. Amine Neurotransmitter Regulation of Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity in Hippocampus. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada170065.

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Johnston, Daniel. Heterosynaptic Modulation of Long-Term Potentiation at Mossy Fiber Synapses in Hippocampus. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada238027.

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Valenzuela, C. F. Effects of Chronic Alcohol Exposure on Kainate Receptor-Mediated Neurotransmission in the Hippocampus. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434072.

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Valenzuela, C. F., Daniel D. Savage, and Jeff L. Weiner. Effects of Chronic Alcohol Exposure on Kainate Receptor-Mediated Neurotransmission in the Hippocampus. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada412906.

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Best, Tyler K. Disruption of Inhibitory Function in the Ts65Dn Mouse Hippocampus Through Overexpression of GIRK2. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1013852.

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Valenzuela, C. F. 99HRT Effects of Chronic Alcohol Exposure on Kainate Receptor-Mediated Neurotransmission in the Hippocampus. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada398176.

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Valenzuela, C. F. 99HRT Effects of Chronic Alcohol Exposure on Kainate Receptor-Mediated Neurotransmission in the Hippocampus. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada421914.

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