Academic literature on the topic 'Hip joint Fractures Victoria'

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Journal articles on the topic "Hip joint Fractures Victoria"

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Navarre, Pierre, Belinda J. Gabbe, Xavier L. Griffin, Matthias K. Russ, Andrew T. Bucknill, Elton Edwards, and Max P. Esser. "Outcomes following operatively managed acetabular fractures in patients aged 60 years and older." Bone & Joint Journal 102-B, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.102b12.bjj-2020-0728.r1.

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Aims Acetabular fractures in older adults lead to a high risk of mortality and morbidity. However, only limited data have been published documenting functional outcomes in such patients. The aims of this study were to describe outcomes in patients aged 60 years and older with operatively managed acetabular fractures, and to establish predictors of conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods We conducted a retrospective, registry-based study of 80 patients aged 60 years and older with acetabular fractures treated surgically at The Alfred and Royal Melbourne Hospital. We reviewed charts and radiological investigations and performed patient interviews/examinations and functional outcome scoring. Data were provided by the Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry (VOTOR). Survival analysis was used to describe conversion to THA in the group of patients who initially underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with conversion to THA. Results Seven patients (8.8%) had died at a median follow-up of 18 months (interquartile range (IQR) 12 to 25), of whom four were in the acute THA group. Eight patients (10%) underwent acute THA. Of the patients who underwent ORIF, 17/72 (23.6%) required conversion to THA at a median of 10.5 months (IQR 4.0 to 32.0) . After controlling for other factors, transport-related cases had an 88% lower rate of conversion to THA (hazard ratio (HR) 0.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02 to 0.91). Mean standardized Physical Component Summary Score (PCS-12) of the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) was comparable with the general population (age-/sex-matched) by 12 to 24 months. Over half of patients working prior to injury (14/26) returned to work by six months and two-thirds of patients (19/27) by 12 months. Conclusion Patients over 60 years of age managed operatively for displaced acetabular fractures had a relatively high mortality rate and a high conversion rate to THA in the ORIF group but, overall, patients who survived had mean PCS-12 scores that improved over two years and were comparable with controls. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(12):1735–1742.
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Watters, Carol L., and William P. Moran. "Hip Fractures???A Joint Effort." Orthopaedic Nursing 25, no. 3 (May 2006): 157???165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006416-200605000-00003.

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&NA;. "Hip Fractures???A Joint Effort." Orthopaedic Nursing 25, no. 3 (May 2006): 166???167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006416-200605000-00004.

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Holloway, Kara L., Muhammad A. Sajjad, Mohammadreza Mohebbi, Mark A. Kotowicz, Patricia M. Livingston, Mustafa Khasraw, Sharon Hakkennes, et al. "The epidemiology of hip fractures across western Victoria, Australia." Bone 108 (March 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2017.12.007.

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Ekegren, Christina L., Richard de Steiger, Elton R. Edwards, Richard S. Page, Raphael Hau, Susan Liew, Andrew Oppy, and Belinda J. Gabbe. "Using Patient-Reported Outcomes to Predict Revision Arthroplasty Following Femoral Neck Fracture: Enhancing the Value of Clinical Registries through Data Linkage." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 8 (April 12, 2019): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081325.

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The aim of this study was to determine the association between patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) six months following femoral neck fracture after a low fall and future arthroplasty, and the factors associated with this. Six-month post-fracture PROMs were collected from the Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry (VOTOR) for patients aged >55 years who were admitted for a femoral neck fracture after a low fall between March 2007 and June 2015. These cases were linked with those registered by Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) up to October 2016. Multivariable analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model to determine factors associated with future arthroplasty, including six-month PROMs. Of the 7077 hip fracture patients registered by VOTOR during the study period, 2325 met the inclusion criteria. Internal fixation being used for the initial hip fracture surgery, being younger and having no pre-injury disability were all independently associated with future revision or conversion to arthroplasty. Out of all PROMs, reporting pain and discomfort six months post-fracture was associated with a 9.5-fold increase in the risk of future arthroplasty (95% CI: 3.81, 23.67). The value of clinical registries can be enhanced via data linkage, in this case by using PROMs to predict arthroplasty following femoral neck fracture.
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Buachidze, O. Sh. "Hip joint implanting." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 1, no. 4 (March 21, 2022): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto105147.

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The paper provides some experience with hip joint endoprosthesis with Poldi and Beznoska implants, Czechia, used in 210 patients (235 operations). Total and cervicocapital endoprostheses were implanted in 193 and 42 cases, respectively. The indications for total and unipolar joint replacement were severe Stage III coxarthrosis, aseptic necrosis of the head of the femur, pseudoarthrosis of its neck, subcapital fractures with severe limb dysfunctions and persistent pains. Positive results (complete recovery of joint movements and limb load) were noted in 93% of patients in the follow-up periods of 6 months to 18 years. The complications were seen as follows: wound suppuration in 4 patients, aseptic instability in 4 (they all were reoperated), relaxation of a total implant and partial protrusion of the head of a unipolar implant in 6 patients.
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Nambiar, Dr Sudeep Madhukar, Dr Naeem S. Jagani, Dr Lokesh Sharoff, and Dr Jonathan James Dsouza. "Total hip replacement the ideal joint for failed osteosynthesis of hip fractures." International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences 3, no. 3j (July 1, 2017): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/ortho.2017.v3.i3j.102.

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Vikmanis, Andris, and Andris Jumtins. "The Treatment of Acetabular Fracture Complications in a Combination of Post-traumatic Hip Joint Osteoarthritis and Femoral Fracture for Polytrauma Patient." Acta Chirurgica Latviensis 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10163-012-0035-3.

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The Treatment of Acetabular Fracture Complications in a Combination of Post-traumatic Hip Joint Osteoarthritis and Femoral Fracture for Polytrauma PatientPelvic bone fractures are related to a high energy injury. Therefore with an increase of the traffic intensity simultaneously grows the number of polytrauma patients, who have pelvic bone fractures of various severity levels. In the case of acetabular fractures, as the most frequent complication is the hip joint post-traumatic degeneratively destructive osteoarthritis, in whose treatment very often the hip joint arthroplasty is necessary. The frequency of this complication is affected by the precision of repositioning and the strength of fixation of an acetabular fracture.
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Bonnaire, F., D. J. Schaefer, and E. H. Kuner. "Hemarthrosis and Hip Joint Pressure in Femoral Neck Fractures." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 353 (August 1998): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199808000-00017.

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Park, Sang Won, Soon Hyuck Lee, Jung Ho Park, and Hong Kun Lee. "Ipsilateral Fractures of the Hip Joint and Femoral Shaft." Journal of the Korean Society of Fractures 3, no. 1 (1990): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.12671/jksf.1990.3.1.88.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hip joint Fractures Victoria"

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Wan, Ka-ming Bettina, and 尹家明. "Validation of the Nottingham hip fracture score in a Hong Kong population." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206951.

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Background Musculoskeletal problems and falls are major contributors to disabilities, both globally and in East Asia and the Pacific. Osteoporosis and falls are common in the elderly. Their impact lies in the fragility fractures that result. Of these, hip fracture is the most costly, in terms of mortality, morbidity, and the medical and social care costs incurred. With an ageing population, the number of hip fractures is set to rise. Having a prediction model for outcomes will help risk stratification of patients, and aid planning of clinical care, rehabilitation and discharge. The objective of this study is to validate the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score for mortality prediction in Hong Kong. Methods This is a retrospective study of 2209 consecutive adult patients admitted to Caritas Medical Centre from 1st January 2007 to 31st December 2012. Data was collected from the Clinical Management System, a local rehabilitation unit database, and the Hong Kong Death Registry. Variables included to predict mortality were age, sex, place of residence, presence of ≤2 comorbidities, presence of cancer, and haemoglobin level on admission. Binary logistic regression was performed. A cognitive function test score is needed for full validation of the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score. This score was only available for patients admitted to the rehabilitation unit. A sensitivity analysis was therefore done. Results Presence of cancer [odds ratio 3.67 (2.26, 5.95)], male sex [odds ratio 2.32 (1.83, 2.93)], presence ≥2 comorbidities [odds ratio 1.38 (1.09, 1.74)] and age [odds ratio 1.05 (1.03, 1.06)] were associated with 1-year mortality. Low haemoglobin level on admission was found to be a poor prognostic factor in other studies, but appeared to be protective in ours [odds ratio 0.74 (0.70, 0.79)]. Admission from old age home was not statistically significant. Sensitivity analysis assuming both best and worst case scenarios for cognitive function test scores found the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score to be a poor prediction model in Hong Kong. Conclusions The Nottingham Hip Fracture Score was a poor prediction model in Hong Kong, because of the low hip fracture mortality rates in Hong Kong. To be locally useful, the score need to be re-calibrated. To reduce the burden of disability from hip fracture, prevention is important, as is helping patients to recover from their injury. Better understanding of variations in length of stay and discharge destinations between hospitals in Hong Kong may provide some insights into areas for improvement.
published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Stankewich, Charles J. "The hip fracture epidemic : prevention and treatment strategies /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8088.

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Löfman, Owe. "Osteoporosis in women : epidemiological and diagnostic perspectives /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/med737s.pdf.

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Anderson, Dennis Earl. "An examination of age-related differences in lower extremity joint torques and strains in the proximal femur during gait." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26545.

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Hip fractures are serious injuries that are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality in older adults. While much of the increased risk of hip fracture with age can be explained by age-related decreases in bone mineral density, muscles and motor control are altered by aging as well. Muscles forces in vivo are thought to have a prophylactic effect that can reduce shear and bending in the femur. This is beneficial because bone is stronger in compression than in shear or tension, and shear plays an important role in fatiguing bone. Understanding how aging and muscular loads affect strains in the proximal femur could lead to improvements in clinical screening and preventative measures for hip fracture. Three studies were performed to investigate age-related changes in neuromuscular function during gait and how these changes affect strains in the proximal femur. Study 1 examined age differences in peak lower extremity joint torques during walking with controlled speed and step length. Studies 2 and 3 applied muscle forces estimated during gait to finite element models of the femur. Study 2 examined age differences in femoral strains, and Study 3 examined the sensitivity of strains to individual muscle forces. The results support the idea that older adults walk with reduced contributions from the ankle plantar flexors and increased contributions from the hip extensors. Interactions between age and speed indicate that older adults utilized a different neuromuscular strategy than young adults to vary the speed of their gait. No age differences were found for the largest magnitude strains in the proximal femur. However, young adults were able to apply larger loads to the femur without corresponding increases in femoral strains. Strains in the femoral neck were found to be sensitive to muscle forces, particularly hip abductor forces. Strains in the sub-trochanteric region tended to be larger than those in the femoral neck, and less sensitive to muscle forces. These results increase our understanding of neuromuscular changes that occur with age, and the effects of these changes on the femur.
Ph. D.
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Futch, Lydia A. "Use of the 15-second lateral step-up for comparison of hip function between two surgical approaches for intramedullary nailing of femur fractures." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007p/futch.pdf.

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Uygur, Mehmet. "Kinematics and kinetics of unanticipated misstep conditions in gait implications for femoral fractures in the elderly /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 71 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1605148261&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Price, Stephanie Anne. "A qualitative study of the impact of hip fracture in the elderly population." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1367.

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The social, emotional and economic impact of falling in the elderly population is significant. Falls are the leading cause of injury related deaths and hospitalisation amongst people aged 65 years and older, a major factor in their morbidity and mortality rates. Post fall sequelae can have major ramifications that include reduction or avoidance of activities, attributable to an enduring fear of future falls. Twenty-three older people who had fallen in the community were located via hospital records and invited to participate in the study. Subjective accounts of the impact of falling and sustaining a hip fracture were obtained by means of open response interviews of ten older people (mean age 82). Qualitative analysis identified themes relating to self-concept, social support and self-efficacy. There is strong empirical evidence that self- efficacy predicts behavior and functioning following hip-fracture whereby low confidence generally leads to avoidance of activity. This was supported in the present study. Reduced mobility can have serious consequences for the health status of the elderly and actually increases the likelihood of falling.
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Kuisma, Raija. "Domiciliary physiotherapy in Hong Kong: studyof the outcomes of domiciliary physiotherapy for patients withfractured proximal femur." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31240409.

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Tapp, Stephanie. "A Markov model of secondary prevention of osteoporotic hip fractures." 2003. http://etd.louisville.edu/data/UofL0008t2003.pdf.

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"Airbag system for hip-fracture protection due to falls: mechanical system design and development." 2007. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893257.

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Chan Cheung Shing.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-90).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.ii
Acknowledgements --- p.iv
Table of Contents --- p.v
List of Figures --- p.viii
List of Tables --- p.xii
Abbreviations and Notations --- p.xiii
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Background and Objective --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Contribution --- p.4
Chapter 1.3 --- Thesis Outline --- p.5
Chapter Chapter 2 --- System Architecture --- p.6
Chapter 2.1 --- Conceptual Design --- p.6
Chapter 2.2 --- Sensing Device and Fall-Detection Algorithm --- p.7
Chapter 2.3 --- Mechanical Part --- p.10
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Mechanical Design --- p.11
Chapter 3.1 --- Similar Products --- p.11
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Airbag Restraining Systems in Automobiles --- p.11
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Airbag Jackets for Motorcycle and House Riders --- p.12
Chapter 3.2 --- Mechanism adopted --- p.12
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Time Requirement of Inflator --- p.12
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Mechanism and Design --- p.13
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Actuator --- p.14
Chapter 3.2.4 --- Punch --- p.15
Chapter 3.2.5 --- Airbags --- p.18
Chapter 3.2.6 --- Other Mechanisms Tried --- p.19
Chapter 3.3 --- Prototype --- p.21
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Implementation --- p.21
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Demonstration --- p.23
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Inflation Estimation --- p.25
Chapter 4.1 --- Theory and Model --- p.25
Chapter 4.2 --- Validation of Model --- p.28
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Testing Equipment --- p.28
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Preprocessing of Pressure Sensor Outputs --- p.28
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Validation for Basic Equations --- p.29
Chapter 4.2.4 --- Adjustment of Discharge Coefficients --- p.36
Chapter 4.2.5 --- Validation for Discharging to a Fixed Volume --- p.40
Chapter 4.2.6 --- Estimation of the Size of Airbag's Leakage Hole --- p.45
Chapter 4.2.7 --- Validation for Discharging to an Airbag --- p.47
Chapter 4.2.8 --- Time Delay due to Addition of a Pipe --- p.52
Chapter 4.3 --- Summary of Experiments --- p.53
Chapter 4.4 --- Limitation of Model --- p.54
Chapter 4.5 --- Prediction of Inflation Time and Airbag Pressure --- p.55
Chapter 4.5.1 --- Effects of Orifice Size and Vent Size on Airbag Pressure and Volume --- p.55
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Force Attenuation Estimation --- p.58
Chapter 5.1 --- Theory and Model --- p.58
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Kelvin-Voigt Model --- p.59
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Standard Linear Solid Support Model --- p.59
Chapter 5.2 --- Simple Testing for Validation --- p.61
Chapter 5.3 --- Summary of Experiment --- p.64
Chapter 5.4 --- Estimation --- p.64
Chapter 5.4.1 --- Force Attenuation Ability of Prototype --- p.64
Chapter 5.4.2 --- Minimum Airbag Volume and Pressure Required to Reduce the Force --- p.65
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Future Work --- p.66
Chapter 6.1 --- Impact Test for Airbag System --- p.66
Chapter 6.2 --- The Effective Mass of the Target User --- p.67
Chapter 6.3 --- The Motion Data Collection --- p.68
Chapter 6.4 --- Modification in the Inflator --- p.69
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.70
Appendix A Review of Basic Thermodynamics and Fluid Dynamics --- p.72
Chapter A.1 --- Thermodynamics --- p.72
Chapter A.2 --- Fluid Mechanics: Incompressible and Compressible Flow --- p.75
Appendix B Derivation of Equations --- p.77
Chapter B.1 --- Mass Flow Rate Equations --- p.77
Chapter B.2 --- Relationship between Rate of Changes of Airbag Pressure and Volume --- p.80
Chapter B.3 --- Pressure Change of Compressed Gas Cylinder --- p.82
Chapter B.4 --- Dominating Factors in the Mass Flow Rate Equation --- p.83
Appendix C Dimensions of Inflator --- p.85
Appendix D Experimental Data --- p.86
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Books on the topic "Hip joint Fractures Victoria"

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Fractures of the hip. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, 1985.

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Parker, Martyn J. Hip fracture management. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1993.

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Koval, Kenneth J. Hip fractures: A practical guide to management. New York: Springer, 2000.

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A, Pryor Glyn, and Thorngren Karl-Göran, eds. Handbook of hip fracture surgery. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997.

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Letournel, E. Fractures of the acetabulum. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Marottoli, Richard Almerico. Hip fracture outcomes in elderly individuals. [S.l: s.n.], 1991.

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Robert, Judet, and Elson Reginald, eds. Fractures of the acetabulum. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Parvizi, Javad, Nitin Goyal, and James Cashman. The hip: Preservation, replacement, and revision. Brooklandville, Maryland: Data Trace Publishing Company, 2015.

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Pfeil, Joachim. Hu ftchirurgie. [Heidelberg]: Steinkopff, 2008.

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J, Callaghan John, Rosenberg Aaron G, and Rubash Harry E, eds. The adult hip. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hip joint Fractures Victoria"

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Mayer, Stephanie W., Kimberly M. Spahn, and Rebecca Griffith. "Hip Joint." In Sports-related Fractures, Dislocations and Trauma, 341–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36790-9_22.

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Krishnan, Shibu, Gurdeep S. Biring, and Arvind Vijapur. "Periprosthetic Fractures of the Hip Joint." In The Hip Joint, 189–218. 2nd ed. New York: Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003165460-9.

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Ahn, Jaimo, and Mara L. Schenker. "Femoral Head Fractures." In Hip Arthroscopy and Hip Joint Preservation Surgery, 983–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6965-0_86.

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Schenker, Mara L., Max E. Davis, and Jaimo Ahn. "Femoral Head Fractures." In Hip Arthroscopy and Hip Joint Preservation Surgery, 1421–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43240-9_86.

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Schenker, Mara L., Max E. Davis, and Jaimo Ahn. "Femoral Head Fractures." In Hip Arthroscopy and Hip Joint Preservation Surgery, 1–12. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7321-3_86-2.

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Ahn, Jaimo, and Mara L. Schenker. "Surgical Technique: Femoral Head Fractures." In Hip Arthroscopy and Hip Joint Preservation Surgery, 1–12. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7321-3_86-1.

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Mears, Dana C., and Harry E. Rubash. "Fractures and Fracture Dislocations." In Surgery of the Hip Joint, 85–132. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8628-5_5.

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Tsao, Ronald, and Kathleen Weber. "Stress Fractures of the Hip and Pelvis." In Hip Arthroscopy and Hip Joint Preservation Surgery, 1015–25. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6965-0_91.

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Tsao, Ronald, and Kathleen Weber. "Stress Fractures of the Hip and Pelvis." In Hip Arthroscopy and Hip Joint Preservation Surgery, 1–13. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7321-3_91-1.

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Weber, Kathleen, and Ronald Tsao. "Stress Fractures of the Hip and Pelvis." In Hip Arthroscopy and Hip Joint Preservation Surgery, 1501–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43240-9_91.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hip joint Fractures Victoria"

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McDonald, Erik, Meir Marmor, Jenni M. Buckley, and Amir Matityahu. "Propensity for Hip Dislocation in Gait Loading Versus Sit-to-Stand Maneuvers: Implications for Surgical Management of Acetabular Fractures." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19202.

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Acetabular fractures present a clinical challenge due to the complicated anatomy and difficulty of exposure, reduction, and fixation. There are several indications for surgery including any fracture which is displaced more than 2mm, failure to maintain reduction by closed means, or, for transverse fractures, a roof-arc angle less than 45 degrees (1,2). The last indication was determined by a cadaver model that only evaluated hip stability in the single leg stance phase of the gait cycle (3). Kinesiological models have well established that the magnitude and direction of the joint contact force can deviate substantially from the mechanics of gait loading, particularly for such activities of daily living as sit-to-stand maneuvers and climbing stairs (4,5). Thus, the criteria for fracture stability established using gait-only loading conditions may be inadequate for other activities of daily living. Basic engineering principles would dictate that the most conservative estimate of dislocation potential be used in managing these cases clinically; and it is therefore important to re-evaluate fracture management criteria in alternative loading conditions that have a high potential for dislocation.
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Prajapati, Kinjal, Fred Barez, James Kao, and David Wagner. "Dynamic Force Response of Human Legs due to Vertical Jumps." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62261.

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Jumping is a natural exertion that occurs during a variety of human activities including playing sports, working, skateboarding, dancing, escaping from hazardous events, rescue activities, and many others. During jumping, the ankles in particular are expected to support the entire body weight of the jumper and that may lead to ankle injuries. Each year hundreds of patients are treated for ankle sprains/strains with ankle fractures as one of the most common injuries treated by orthopedists and podiatrists. The knee joint is also considered the most-often injured joint in the entire human body. Although the general anatomy of the lower extremities is fairly well understood, an understanding of the injury mechanism during these jumping tasks is not well understood. The aim of this study is to determine the reaction forces exerted on legs and joints due to vertical jumps, through musculoskeletal simulation and experimental studies to better understand the dynamic jump process and the injury mechanism. The joint reaction forces and moments exerted on the ankle, knee and hip joint during takeoff and extreme squat landing of a vertical jump were determined through the application of musculoskeletal simulation. It is concluded that during extreme squat landing of a vertical jump, joint reaction forces and moments were highest in proximal/distal and anteroposterior direction may cause most likely injury to the hip joint ligaments, ankle fracture and knee joint, respectively.
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Nakamura, Yukiko, Kazuhiko Adachi, Nungna Wi, and Mitsuaki Noda. "A Novel Dynamic Bone Stress Evaluation Method of Postoperative Proximal Femur During Gait by Using Elastic Multi Body Analysis Based on Finite Element Analysis." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71042.

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A proximal femur fracture due to osteoporosis is one of serious health care problems in aging societies. Osteosynthesis with pin or screw type of implants, such as Hansson pin (HP), Dual SC Screw (DSCS), is widely used for femoral neck fracture treatment in Japan. Unfortunately, some complications such as secondary fractures, especially peri-prosthetic fractures, may occur during postoperative rehabilitation period. In order to reveal the potential cause of the postoperative fracture from the viewpoint of the biomechanics, authors had already performed the dynamic stress analysis of the treated proximal femur based on finite element (FE) analysis. The final goal of our project is to establish the reliable postoperative bone fracture risk assessment method in response to the daily activity including mainly walking. The aim of this study is to propose a novel elastic multi body analysis method based on FE analysis for proximal femur biomechanics. Patient-specific 3D left hip joint FE model was constructed from an elderly female volunteer’s CT images. The model consists of the pelvis, proximal femur, cartilage and DSCS, as multi bodies. The dynamic loading and boundary conditions were applied to the model for simulating a gait motion. Direction and magnitude of the loads varies in response to the gait motion. The time dependent loading forces; hip contact, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, tensor fasciae latae and adductor, acting around the hip joint was obtained by inverse dynamic analysis of a human gait using in-house lower-limb musculoskeletal model. These loading and boundary conditions for simulating the gait motion are the major technical advantages of the proposed multi body analysis comparing with the conventional static FE analysis. Time varying stress distribution during the gait was evaluated by using dynamic explicit method via ABAQUS. In order to visually demonstrate dynamic stress distribution, we examined the time varying von Mises stresses at the representative points located on the cortical surface of the proximal femur; femoral head, fracture surface and around the lateral insertion holes. The results indicate significant increase of the stresses around the proximal lateral insertion holes for DSCS treatment. Maximum stress values are good agreement with the previous static FE analysis, on the other hand, these biomechanical discussions based on the stress time histories are only obtained from the proposed method. It is indicated that the proposed method is feasible to support the better pre- and postoperative clinical decisions, which is the main contribution of this study.
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4

Yakkala, Viswanath, Suhail Ahmad, Puneet Mahajan, and Pankaj Pankaj. "Static Analysis and Strength Reliability of Human Femur Bone." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20428.

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The neck portion of the human femur is the most vulnerable region to attract stress-induced fractures. The loads of the human body act on the hip joint and on the greater trochanter region through abductor muscles. The bone is a natural composite and a good example of functionally graded material (FGM). This study considers a probabilistic finite element approach to assess the critical stresses in the femur under static loads. Material properties assigned to the bone model are linearly elastic, isotropic and orthotropic. Material characterization in terms of bone density is established by Computed Tomography (CT) data. The strength reliability and safety margin are obtained using relevant limit state function. Sensitivity analysis with respect to random parameters provides basis for a possible implant material characterization.
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Khosroshahi, Maryam, Fred Barez, Amer El-Hage, and James Kao. "Dependence of Elastic Properties of Human Femoral Cortical Bone on Porosity." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52318.

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Hip fracture is one of the most serious and common health problems among elderly which may lead to permanent disability or death. Hip fracture commonly occurs in the femoral bone, the major bone in the hip joint. Microscopic age-related changes in the structure of cortical bone is one of the factors that is considered to be partially responsible for the increase of fracture risk in elderly. It is of great interest to develop a predictable model of such fractures for the aging population in preparation of a suitable therapy. These micro structural changes influence mechanical properties and, therefore, behavior of bone and are critical to understand risk and mechanics of fracture of bone. Correlation between cortical bone strength and porosity, as a microscopic structural factor, has been examined frequently as a function of age and/or porosity. These studies have investigated the effect of porosity experimentally and have not studied the effect of porosity independently from other structural factors such as bone mineral density. In this study effect of porosity on elastic properties of human femoral cortical bone was studied independently using finite element analysis assuming transversely isotropic behavior in terms of elastic properties with the axis of elastic properties along the longitudinal axis of femur shaft. In this study, published standard mechanical tests for transversely isotropic materials were simulated using finite element computer simulation on models with different porosities. The developed finite element model utilized material properties based on the best fit regression in previously published articles. Pores’ size, shape and distribution were also modeled based on previous experimental studies. The finite element model, in general, predicted behavior of five independent elastic mechanical properties, namely, longitudinal Young’s modulus, transverse poisson’s ratio, transverse shear modulus, transverse Young’s modulus and longitudinal poisson’s ratio, as a function of porosity. Furthermore, effect of porosity on the elastic properties across various age groups was investigated using published data on age-related changes in bone porosity. Mathematical models based on Finite Element Analysis results have been developed using linear least square regression. These models show negative linear relationship between studied elastic properties of human femoral cortical bone and porosity. The Finite Element Analysis results compared well with the previously published experimental data. Furthermore, the results obtained show the elastic properties as functions of age for females and males. The predicted values for elastic properties are lower for men compared to women of age 20 to 40 years old. However, after the age of 44, elastic properties of femoral cortical bone for men are higher than women. The Finite Element Model developed in this study will help to create a clinical bone model for the prediction of fracture risk or the selection of suitable therapy in orthopedic surgery.
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Eap, Laurent, and A. Sherif El-Gizawy. "Study on the Effects of Femoral Muscle Forces on Performance of Internal Fixation Devices Utilizing a Simulation Based Approach." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64926.

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Fractures of the distal femur are severe traumatic injuries that are treated with the utilization of internal fixation devices. Current preclinical device designs have primarily been investigated without observance of femoral muscle group effects — in addition to joint hip reaction forces — and irregular geometry of the human femora. This has led to a need to optimize the performance and fit of internal fixation devices to produce maximal reliability and structural integrity. The present study utilizes a systematic design approach that employs computer-aided modeling, robust design methodology, finite element methods, and optimization processes for a femoral locking plate system. In doing so, a computer-aided model was constructed to illustrate a distal femoral fracture fixation system. Femoral muscle force directions and magnitudes associated with a normal walking gait cycle were inputted into the system to simulate realistic loading conditions. In conjunction with finite element methods, the model was used to assess stress and strain distributions along the femur, femoral plate, and screws. Subsequently, optimization processes were then employed to assess the effects of varying device geometric parameters and bone topology on the bone-implant stress distributions and overall device design. The proposed simulation-based optimization process was able to yield a more accurate representation of the biomechanics within the bone-implant interaction by taking into consideration the substantial effects of femoral muscle groups. In doing so, a robust device design is developed which improves overall performance via minimizing weight and maximizing overall factor of safety.
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