Relevant bibliographies by topics / Himalayan animals

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Himalayan animals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Himalayan animals"

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Haq, Shiekh Marifatul, Eduardo Soares Calixto, Umer Yaqoob, Riyaz Ahmed, Ahmed Hossam Mahmoud, Rainer W. Bussmann, Osama B. Mohammed, Khalid Ahmad, and Arshad Mehmood Abbasi. "Traditional Usage of Wild Fauna among the Local Inhabitants of Ladakh, Trans-Himalayan Region." Animals 10, no. 12 (December 7, 2020): 2317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122317.

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Zootherapy is accepted all around the globe not only in ancient cultures but different animal derived medicines are also part of the practice in the modern health care systems. The present study assessed the traditional ethnozoological usage of wild animals by local inhabitants in Ladakh region, India, and the reference data for scientific approaches for protection of faunal diversity in trans-Himalayas. The ethnozoological documentation of the animals in Ladakh was carried out through semistructured and close-ended questionnaire surveys and interviews. Multivariate ecological community analysis was used to elucidate the relationship between ethnozoological usage and animal species. Our results showed three animal usage clusters with 32% similarity. Moreover, the similarity in animal usage between digging tools, trophy, handle of tools, decoration, and matting, showed less than 32% of similarity. The highest priority of local people was for food followed by decoration and medicinal usage. The most frequently used animal parts were meat followed by fur and horn. Medicinal uses of 48% of the reported species, i.e., Alectoris chukar (chukar), Cuon alpinus (Asiatic wild dog), Lepus oiostolus (hares), Marmota himalayana (marmots), Ovis aries vignei (Ladakh urial), Pantholops hodgsonii (Tibetan antelope), Procapra picticaudata (Tibetan gazelle), Pseudois nayaur (blue sheep), Tetraogallus himalayensis (Himalayan snow), Tetraogallus tibetanus (Tibetan snow cock), and Lutra lutra (common otter) were reported for the first time from this region. Our study provides innovative information regarding the ethnozoological knowledge in the Ladakh region and reference data for policymakers, researchers, land managers, common public, and the other stakeholders to develop logical and scientific approaches for sustainable use of faunal diversity in hotspot regions like trans-Himalayas and other similar biodiversity-rich sites.
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Bao, Ziqiang, Cheng Li, Cheng Guo, and Zuofu Xiang. "Convergent Evolution of Himalayan Marmot with Some High-Altitude Animals through ND3 Protein." Animals 11, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020251.

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The Himalayan marmot (Marmota himalayana) mainly lives on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and it adopts multiple strategies to adapt to high-altitude environments. According to the principle of convergent evolution as expressed in genes and traits, the Himalayan marmot might display similar changes to other local species at the molecular level. In this study, we obtained high-quality sequences of the CYTB gene, CYTB protein, ND3 gene, and ND3 protein of representative species (n = 20) from NCBI, and divided them into the marmot group (n = 11), the plateau group (n = 8), and the Himalayan marmot (n = 1). To explore whether plateau species have convergent evolution on the microscale level, we built a phylogenetic tree, calculated genetic distance, and analyzed the conservation and space structure of Himalayan marmot ND3 protein. The marmot group and Himalayan marmots were in the same branch of the phylogenetic tree for the CYTB gene and CYTB protein, and mean genetic distance was 0.106 and 0.055, respectively, which was significantly lower than the plateau group. However, the plateau group and the Himalayan marmot were in the same branch of the phylogenetic tree, and the genetic distance was only 10% of the marmot group for the ND3 protein, except Marmota flaviventris. In addition, some sites of the ND3 amino acid sequence of Himalayan marmots were conserved from the plateau group, but not the marmot group. This could lead to different structures and functional diversifications. These findings indicate that Himalayan marmots have adapted to the plateau environment partly through convergent evolution of the ND3 protein with other plateau animals, however, this protein is not the only strategy to adapt to high altitudes, as there may have other methods to adapt to this environment.
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Zhang, Pinghu, Luyong Zhang, Zhenzhou Jiang, Yating Xiong, Hongkui Chen, Yuanqing Tao, Maozhi Hu, and Zhan Li. "Evaluation of Mitochondrial Toxicity in Marmota himalayana Treated with Metacavir, a Novel 2′,3′-Dideoxyguanosine Prodrug for Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 5 (January 31, 2011): 1930–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01520-10.

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ABSTRACTMetacavir (PNA) is a novel synthetic nucleoside analogue for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Our recent studies showed that PNA, a prodrug of 2′,3′-dideoxyguanosine (ddG), exhibited lower mitochondrial toxicity in long-term cultures of HepG2 cells. In the current study, we examined the long-term effects of PNA on mitochondrial toxicity inMarmota himalayana(Himalayan marmot). Himalayan marmots were treated daily with oral PNA (50 or 100 mg/kg), ziduvidine (AZT) (100 mg/kg), or water (control) for 90 days. PNA treatment did not alter the body weight or plasma lactate acid level. In livers from the animals treated with PNA at 100 mg/kg/day, histopathology showed mild steatosis or small focal liver cell necrosis. Electron microscopy also showed minor proliferation and partial mitochondrial swelling with crista reduction. Measurement of respiratory chain complex enzyme activity and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content revealed no significant differences in skeletal muscle, liver, and kidney tissues between animals treated with PNA and controls. In contrast, in Himalayan marmots treated with AZT we observed delayed toxicity, including lactic acidosis, severe hepatic steatosis, obvious mitochondrial damage, and significant decreases in respiratory chain complex enzyme activity and mtDNA content. This is similar to the delayed toxicity syndrome observed previously in animals and humans. In summary, PNA treatment did not alter mitochondrial enzyme activity or mtDNA content. This suggests that PNA could pose a very low risk for adverse mitochondrion-related effects. However, long-term hepatotoxic effects of PNA were observed, and this indicates a need for continued monitoring of PNA-associated hepatotoxicity in clinical trials.
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Haq, Shiekh Marifatul, Musheerul Hassan, Hammad Ahmad Jan, Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi, Khalid Ahmad, and Arshad Mehmood Abbasi. "Traditions for Future Cross-National Food Security—Food and Foraging Practices among Different Native Communities in the Western Himalayas." Biology 11, no. 3 (March 16, 2022): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11030455.

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Traditional diets exist in all cultures and geographic regions, and they often represent healthy eating options. Traditional culinary preparations have, however, often undergone profound change, even in the isolated Himalayan region. Therefore, we adapted methods to identify traditional plant foraging activities to better understand their significance in food system sustainability, as well as to promote innovative local gastronomies. Information on wild food and foraging practices was gathered from varied ethnic groups such as Kashmiri, Gujjars, Pahari, Dogra, Bakarwal, Balti, Beda and Brokpa through interviews (n = 716) and group discussions (n = 67) in four bio-geographic regions of the Jammu and Kashmir Himalayas (J&KH). The data were subjected to ordination techniques (Principal Component Analysis) via R software Ver. 4.0.0. We documented 209 food species, of which 73% were plants and 27% animals, used by the inhabitants of four bio-geographic regions of J&KH. The highest number of food plant species was recorded in Indian Kashmir, followed by Jammu, Azad Kashmir and Ladakh (81, 65, 60 and 27 species, respectively), and the maximum number of animal species was reported in Indian Kashmir, followed by Azad Kashmir, Ladakh and Jammu (33, 21, 19 and 17 species, respectively). The Azad Kashmir and Indian Kashmir regions showed greater similarity, whereas the least overlap was observed between Kashmir and Ladakh. The PCA showed considerable variation between different regions, and specific groups of species were more related to one specific region than others. The reported uses of Abies pindrow, Acacia modesta, Bergenia ciliata, Bergenia stracheyi and Juglans regia among plants, and Jynx torquilla, Streptopelia orientalis and Tadorna ferruginea among animals, are novel for the gastronomy of this part of the Himalayan region. We also recorded for the first time from this region seven unique food preparations of wild animals. This study documented extensive traditional knowledge on the usage of wild species, and is the first scientific description of wild food species and their vernacular names in the Western Himalayas, Jammu and Kashmir. Our findings can contribute significantly to combating food insecurity by revitalizing and reconsidering the rich bio-cultural food heritage around which local traditional communities have developed their food systems.
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BALKEMA, GRANT W., and SHANNON MacDONALD. "Increased absolute light sensitivity in Himalayan mice with cold-induced ocular pigmentation." Visual Neuroscience 15, no. 5 (May 1998): 841–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523898155062.

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Controversy over the relationship between ocular pigmentation and absolute dark-adapted light sensitivity has persisted for over two decades. Previous electrophysiological experiments in hypopigmented mammals (mice, rats, rabbits) show increased thresholds in the dark-adapted state proportional to the deficit in ocular melanin. Animals with the least amount of ocular melanin have the most elevated thresholds. Dark-adapted thresholds in hypopigmented mice show similar threshold elevations in behavioral tests. The present study extends these findings to show that a specific increase in ocular pigmentation results in the converse effect, lowered absolute dark-adapted thresholds. The increase in ocular melanin was accomplished by keeping Himalayan mice in the cold (4°C) for 6 weeks. Himalayan mice (C57BL/6J cH/cH) were compared to black mice (C57BL/6J +/+) and albino mice (C57BL/6J c2J/c2J) after 6 weeks at either 4°C or 20°C in 12-h cycling light (<1 cd/m2). The Himalayan mice that were kept in the cold exhibited a 44% increase in ocular melanin compared to Himalayan mice kept at room temperature. Cold rearing did not effect ocular melanin or visual thresholds in control animals (black mice = 10−5.9 cd/m2 and albino mice = 10−4.4 cd/m2). In contrast, the Himalayan mice maintained at 4°C had thresholds of 10−5.7 cd/m2 compared to 10−5.1 cd/m2 for Himalayan mice kept at 20°C. This represents compelling evidence of a direct relationship between ocular melanin concentration and absolute dark-adapted light sensitivity.
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Kala, Chandra. "Grasslands and migratory birds of the Himalayan region." Indian Journal of Forestry 39, no. 2 (January 6, 2016): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2016-cv9806.

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The Himalayan grasslands from sub-tropical to temperate, alpine and steppe have been exploited historically by humans for multiple uses including grazing lands for livestock. Besides domestic and wild animals, a large number of migratory birds use these grasslands and wetland areas dotted in these grasslands during their vertical and horizontal migration in the Himalayan region during breeding season. Despite quite unique and sensitive ecosystems these grasslands are least studied. The present study, therefore, aims to study the structure and composition of Himalayan grasslands with respect to their multiple utilities, including breeding grounds for migratory birds.
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Koul, G. L., J. C. Biswas, and G. S. Bisht. "Cashmere production of the Himalayan Cheghus." Tropical Animal Health and Production 23, no. 1 (February 1991): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02361270.

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Lamsal, Min Raj. "A Brief Introduction of Physics of Glaciers and Avalanches." Himalayan Physics 3 (January 1, 2013): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v3i0.7307.

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This article deals with the introduction and types of snow as well as glaciers and the basic mechanism of glacial move­ment and avalanches which is one of the most burning issues on the context of our Himalayan region. Because of such avalanches, which are more frequently occurring in the Himalayan region, many animals, plants, farmer's small buildings etc. are being carried away and the death of many people is being caused which is due to lack of knowledge of the factors responsible for avalanche occurrence. This article also deals with such factors and the safest way to deal with the ava­lanche control.The Himalayan PhysicsVol. 3, No. 3, July 2012Page : 60-63
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Sharma, Meenu, Nisha Sharma, and Ananya Sharma. "Restoration And Preservation of Traditional Water Resources: A Study of Uttarakhand." West Science Social and Humanities Studies 1, no. 05 (November 27, 2023): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.58812/wsshs.v1i05.286.

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The essence of all life is water. Without water, nothing on our planet can grow. Traditional water resources, which were once the lifeblood of the Himalayan population, are disappearing alarmingly in Himalayan areas of Uttarakhand. In these steep regions of Uttarakhand, life cannot advance in the correct path without these natural water sources. Traditional water resources provided for many kinds of daily requirements, including drinking, cooking, cleaning, irrigation, and caring for animals. Water is becoming more scarce everywhere in the world, even in the Himalayan region. In an effort to prevent future generations from facing a shortage of potable water, efforts should be made to protect these ancient natural water sources.
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Dhakar, Kusum, and Anita Pandey. "Microbial Ecology from the Himalayan Cryosphere Perspective." Microorganisms 8, no. 2 (February 14, 2020): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020257.

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Cold-adapted microorganisms represent a large fraction of biomass on Earth because of the dominance of low-temperature environments. Extreme cold environments are mainly dependent on microbial activities because this climate restricts higher plants and animals. Himalaya is one of the most important cold environments on Earth as it shares climatic similarities with the polar regions. It includes a wide range of ecosystems, from temperate to extreme cold, distributed along the higher altitudes. These regions are characterized as stressful environments because of the heavy exposure to harmful rays, scarcity of nutrition, and freezing conditions. The microorganisms that colonize these regions are recognized as cold-tolerant (psychrotolerants) or/and cold-loving (psychrophiles) microorganisms. These microorganisms possess several structural and functional adaptations in order to perform normal life processes under the stressful low-temperature environments. Their biological activities maintain the nutrient flux in the environment and contribute to the global biogeochemical cycles. Limited culture-dependent and culture-independent studies have revealed their diversity in community structure and functional potential. Apart from the ecological importance, these microorganisms have been recognized as source of cold-active enzymes and novel bioactive compounds of industrial and biotechnological importance. Being an important part of the cryosphere, Himalaya needs to be explored at different dimensions related to the life of the inhabiting extremophiles. The present review discusses the distinct facts associated with microbial ecology from the Himalayan cryosphere perspective.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Himalayan animals"

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Sayers, Kenneth A. "Optimal foraging on the roof of the world a field study of Himalayan langurs /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1208831515.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 21, 2009). Advisor: Marilyn A. Norconk. Keywords: theoretical evolutionary ecology, optimal foraging theory, diet, nutrition, ranging, cognition, colobine monkeys, Semnopithecus entellus. Includes bibliographical references (p. 166-193).
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Khaleel, Mehreen. "Distribution, activity budget and feeding ecology of Himalayan gray langur (Semnopithecus ajax) in Kashmir Himalaya." Thesis, 2020. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4565.

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Colobines are group of primates known to inhabit harsh environments. These habitats pose different challenges which they have coped up physiologically and behaviourally. Primates in such environments are subjected to prolonged scarcity of food and low temperature in winters. They are expected to allocate their time to various activities optimally in order to balance their energy requirements. One such primate inhabiting the harsh climates of Himalaya is Himalayan gray langur. Himalayan gray langur is little-known endangered primate, initially reported to be present in few parts of north-western Himalaya. In order to address the survival strategies in these habitats one must know about the whereabout of the species. Therefore, I first access the spatial distribution and occurrence of Himalayan gray langur in Kashmir region. This was achieved by using well-structured questionnaire and on-ground surveys in the region. It was followed by identifying sites which face human-langur conflict. My results suggest a wider range of Himalayan gray langur in Kashmir which was previously thought to be restricted in a small range. Langurs were found distributed in the protected mountainous forest areas of Kashmir by showing a preference for broadleaved deciduous and coniferous habitat types within 1600-3000 m. Conflict in the form of crop raiding was found in the villages around protected areas. Based on the knowledge of the distribution of these primates in forests, I tried to address how this primate survives the seasonality and cold temperatures of Himalaya in the third chapter of my thesis. I have addressed this by investigating the behaviour patterns and the strategies they have adopted to balance the energy requirements. I have used observational methods of instantaneous scans for different behaviour categories. My results suggest Himalayan langurs spend more time feeding during lean winter when high-quality food is less available and rest more during hotter months. Moreover, they have greater home range sizes in winter than in summer. These results suggest an energy maximising strategy by these primates when resources are scarce by feeding more on less profitable food sources and expanding their home range size. I further tried to address the diet and feeding behaviour of langurs seasonally. They were found to shift their diet with seasonality. They feed on a variety of plant items ranging from bark, buds, young leaves, mature leaves, ripe fruits and seeds. I used resource selection functions to test for plant species preference. A seasonal preference for certain plant species and plant parts suggest that availability of plant parts influences their choices. From these results one can conclude that Himalayan gray langur has adapted to explore a variety of food sources other than leaves. This study helps us in understanding the ability of colobines to explore such versatile diets which has helped them colonize many habitats, one of them being the Himalaya. To the best of my knowledge this study is the first detailed work on the distribution of Himalayan gray langur in Kashmir Himalaya. It is also the first to address the effect of seasonality on activity budget, home range and feeding preference in Himalayan langur. Overall, this study provides a baseline information for conserving Himalayan gray langur through comprehensive understanding of its distribution, activity budget, home range, diet and feeding preference in Kashmir Himalaya. The current distribution serves as a base-map for various management policies towards the conservation of this high-altitude primate. Moreover, insights about the conflict will help managers in developing ideas to reduce and prevent conflict. Due to the presence of this species in the broadleaved deciduous and coniferous forests of Kashmir, it becomes important to preserve and protect these habitats for its survival. The key findings of this study are expected to benefit directly towards the conservation of this species and in understanding the survival strategies of these high-altitude primates.
INSPIRE-Fellowship, Rufford small grants
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Books on the topic "Himalayan animals"

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Mierow, Dorothy. Himalayan animal tales. Kathmandu, Nepal: Pilgrims, 1991.

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Ghulam, Akbar, and Maqsood Anwar. Wildlife of Western Himalayan region of Pakistan. Islamabad: WWF, 2011.

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Tustin, K. G. New Zealand's mountain monarchs: Unlocking the secrets of the Himalayan tahr in New Zealand. A personal odyssey from hunter to filmmaker. Auckland, N.Z: Halcyon Press, 2011.

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Christian, Thompson. Hidden Himalayas: Asia's wonderland : new species discoveries in the Eastern Himalays /c written and designed by Christian Thompson with Sami Tornikoski, Phuntsho Choden and Sonam Choden. Thimpu, Bhutan: WWF-World Wide Fund for Nature, 2015.

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A girl in the Himalayas. Los Angeles, CA: Archaia Entertainment, LLC, 2018.

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Singh, Vir. Draught animal power in mountain agriculture: A study of perspectives and issues in the Central Himalayas, India. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 1998.

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Tulachan, Pradeep Man. Livestock in mixed farming systems of the Hindu Kush-Himalayas: Trends and sustainability. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 1999.

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Burchett, Jan. Avalanche alert. North Mankato, Minn: Capstone Stone Arch Books, 2012.

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Himalayan Adventures. Christian Focus, 2006.

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Team, BrownTrout Publishers Editing, BrownTrout Publishers Design Team, and Inc BrownTrout Publishers. Himalayan Cats 2019 12 x 12 Inch Monthly Square Wall Calendar, Animals Cats Himalayan. BrownTrout Publishers, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Himalayan animals"

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Subba, Bhim. "Yak Dzongs in Sikkim Himalayas." In Human-Animal Interactions in Anthropocene Asia, 111–29. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003212089-5.

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Tshewang, Ugyen, Michael Charles Tobias, and Jane Gray Morrison. "Animal Rights and Protection." In Bhutan: Conservation and Environmental Protection in the Himalayas, 155–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57824-4_4.

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Shimotoku, Daisuké, Tian Yuan, Laxmi Kumar Parajuli, and Hill Hiroki Kobayashi. "Participatory Sensing Platform Concept for Wildlife Animals in the Himalaya Region, Nepal." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 87–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05431-0_6.

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Huettmann, Falk. "A Governance Analysis of the Snow Leopard, Its Habitat and (Digital) Data: Who Owns Charismatic Animals and Who Drives and Uses the Agenda for What?" In Hindu Kush-Himalaya Watersheds Downhill: Landscape Ecology and Conservation Perspectives, 459–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36275-1_23.

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Bisht, Suman, and Nand Kishor Agrawal. "Compromised Potentials." In Climate Change and the Future of Himalayan Farming, 79–119. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199475476.003.0004.

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Farmers of Salla village in Uttarakhand State in India have great potential of niche products on condition that several obstacles to production is removed, the most serious of which are wild animals, seasonal water scarcity, and improved market access. The danger is that present out-migration will accelerate unless these bottlenecks are attended to, resulting in increasing depopulation and regrowth of agricultural land.
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Singh, Sippy, and Durgesh Singh. "Himalayan Herbs: A Promising Medication Source for Neurodegenerative Diseases." In Bioactive Phytochemicals from Himalayas: A Phytotherapeutic Approach, 26–38. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815123289123010006.

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The Himalayas have been known for their plant diversity, as they are rich in nearly 8000 vascular plant species, which include approximately 1748 plants containing medicinal properties. Ayurveda, a branch of traditional medication focuses on substances of natural origin like plants, their parts, minerals, and animal parts either alone or in combination. With the advancement in Science and Technology, there has been an increase in the understanding of molecular mechanisms behind the origin of diseases. Recently, the roles of several bioactive molecules present in natural sources in blocking or treating diseases have also become increasingly clear. Since the Himalayas are rich herbal treasures; therefore the plant diversity, as well as their medicinal properties have been widely explored. Progressive loss of nerve cells/neurons in terms of structure and function is termed neurodegeneration. Selective loss of neurons leads to nervous disorders referred to as Neurodegenerative disorders/diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, etc., are some of the major health issues suffered by individuals in the current situation. Plant-derived bioactive molecules or phytomedicines have been in practice for many years and have been found to be effective in managing/treating these disorders. This chapter aims at highlighting some of the Himalayan herbs, which exhibit a promising role in managing neurodegenerative diseases. For example, Acorus calamus is well known for its brain rejuvenating ability. It has been found that A. calamus possesses neuroprotective activity against stroke. Asparagus racemosus, known for its anti-aging activity, has been observed to protect the brain from oxidative damage, thereby preventing neurodegenerative diseases. Calotropis procera is ethnomedicinally used to treat mental disorders. Sida cordifolia, another perennial shrub found in the Himalayan region used for treating many ailments related to the respiratory system is also used for treating patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease. There are many more plants found in the Himalayan region, which have the potential for treating brainrelated disorders. The rising cases of neurodegenerative disorders need a better understanding of plants rich in neuroprotective phytochemicals. Plants are one of the promising medication sources with the least side effects, which will help in providing an ethnopharmacological aspect and managing/treating neurodegenerative disorders.
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Desmond, Ray. "The Himalayas." In The European Discovery of the Indian Flora, 123–53. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198546849.003.0011.

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Abstract While apathy or, at best, subdued activity prevailed in botanical circles in western India, the Himalayas beckoned the adventurous and the curious, among them surveyors and scientists who observed in a casual note or expansive report the indigenous plant and animal life of this complex mountain range which separates India from Central Asia, extending from Afghanistan for 1700 miles to Assam in the East, and continues into China. A diversity of soils and climates, especially the summer monsoons, support what the plant collector, Frank Kingdon Ward succinctly described as an ‘immense reservoir of hardy plants’. A fertile jungle strip, ten to twenty miles wide-the terai-which skirts its eastern ranges is home to slender evergreens such as the sal (Shorea robusta) and tall bamboos. The abundant sal yields to conifers and oaks in a gradual ascent of four or five vertical miles through a progression of rain forest, temperate vegetation, conifers, and rhododendrons to the alpine zone above the tree-line at about 10 000 feet. Everywhere plants have adapted to their environment, a delicate ecological balance which man’s intervention through cultivation, grazing and logging is swiftly destroying with consequent erosion and lowland flooding. The phytogeographical variations range between the arid zones of the Hindu Kush and the warmer, wetter regions of the east, with Kashmir, Nepal, and Sikkim offering bumper harvests for botanist and plant collector.
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"The Role Of Animacy In The Verbal Morphology Of Dongwang Tibetan." In Himalayan Languages and Linguistics, 131–82. BRILL, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004194489.i-322.45.

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Bradley, David. "Phylogeny of Tibeto-Burman from Plants and Animals." In Ethnolinguistic Prehistory of the Eastern Himalaya, 173–210. BRILL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004518049_008.

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Ahmad, Khursheed. "Ecology and Conservation of Mountain Ungulate in the Western and Trans Himalayas, India." In Animal Science - Annual Volume 2022 [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108809.

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The Western and Trans-Himalayan region of India is home to several unique and threatened mountain ungulates including Kashmir red deer or Hangul, Kashmir Musk deer, Urial, Argali, Tibetan Antelope or Chiru, Tibetan Gazelle, Wild Yak, and Wild Ass that are endemic to this region. However, this ecologically significant and diverse biodiversity is threatened by climate change, habitat degradation, and fragmentation accompanied by overexploitation in the form of poaching. In locations where the ungulates are common, the situation inevitably leads to human-wildlife conflict. All these have caused many wildlife species to become ecologically isolated, reduced in numbers, and in the process of becoming locally extinct. Over the years, I have undertaken extensive surveys to assess the status of 20 ungulate species inhabiting the Himalayan region belonging to four families, namely Bovidae, Cervidae, Equidae, and Moschidea including the eight out of the 10 most highly endangered ungulates in India, which are unique to this region. The results of our findings on the current status, information on the lesser known aspects of ecology, and critical factors determining the population decline, knowledge gaps, conservation threats, and management suggestions are presented in this paper.
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Conference papers on the topic "Himalayan animals"

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Hassler, Greg, Justin Hollis, and Glenn Stearns. "Session 2.3 Great Himalaya National Park Conservation Area." In The 4th Global Virtual Conference of the Youth Environmental Alliance in Higher Education. Michigan Technological University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.yeah-conference/dec2021/all-events/15.

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This E-Poster will give an overview of Great Himalaya National Park Conservation Area. We will be focusing on the threatened animals located in the park, as well as how climate change is affecting the park and its inhabitants. Furthermore, with increasing industrialization occurring in the park and its surrounding areas, we will also focus on the people being sustained by the unique ecosystem found in the western Himalayas. These topics will revolve around the 3 SDGs we have chosen to highlight as we find them to be some of the most important conversations to have regarding this national park. Type: Short talk (e.g. PowerPoint, Google Slides)
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Matta, Alexander, Javid Bayandor, and Rolf Müller. "An Examination of Changes in Bat Flight Kinematics During Take Off." In ASME/JSME/KSME 2015 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2015-34699.

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The powered flight of bats is unique in nature because of the agility that it allows them to achieve in comparison to other flying animals of equivalent size. One example of this is a bat’s ability to take off with no initial freestream velocity and transition to cruising flight over the duration of relatively few wing beat cycles. Bat’s wings are highly complex and have 20+ degrees of freedom (DOFS) per wing. Adjustments to several of these DOFS occur to allow for quick transition to cruising flight. In order to capture this transition in wing motion, video of Great Himalayan Leaf-Nosed Bats (Hipposideros Armiger) was captured over a period that included both take off and cruising flight. Images captured using a multi-camera setup, containing three rings of 10 RGB cameras each, were used in conjunction with triangulation techniques to capture the 3D coordinates of marker points on the wing. This setup eliminated the point dropout that can occur due to occlusion in traditional 2 camera systems due to its 360 degree coverage. Furthermore, the redundancy caused by collecting 3 or more 2D marker point projections from some of the 10 cameras per ring improved accuracy of the 3D coordinates. In order to capture the transition in wing kinematics, changes in flap amplitude, velocity, and frequency, were recorded. The data suggests that this species of bat utilize a change in flap amplitude as the primary means to transition from takeoff to cruising flight while keeping other parameters such as angle of attack and flap frequency constant.
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"Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in building the future of the Healthcare Sector in Pakistan." In International Conference on Public Health and Humanitarian Action. International Federation of Medical Students' Associations - Jordan, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56950/ucvo7515.

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Background: More than 70% of the developing world's population still depends on complementary and alternative systems of medicine (CAM). Despite today's advancements, a large segment of the population still depends on traditional medicine or so-called alternative medicine as the preferred form of health care. So there is a need to consider the role of complementary and alternative medicine in public healthcare. Objective: To identify the population's exposure to the traditional medicine To explore the rich diversity of medicinal plants in Pakistan To identify the areas that can play a crucial role in the healthcare sector of Pakistan Method: A narrative review study has been conducted. Data has been collected from different articles from different search engines i.e. Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. A total of 10 articles are being referenced in the main article while reading the literature involves the 150+ articles Results: Almost 70 species of the 430 wild species In the western part of the Himalayas had been examined. About 40% of flora species have been used for the treatment of diseases relating to Gastrointestinal (GIT). It was discovered that most of the species 12 to sixteen species) sought to deal with human and farm animals' digestive system-related issues, respectively. Conclusion: Pakistan has unique biodiversity, having nine major ecological zones. Due to its unique climate, the country is very rich in medicinal and endemic plants distributed in its large area. The highlands of northern Pakistan are the hot spots of biodiversity and are rich in medicinal and endemic species. These plants are still commonly used for medicinal purposes by people in their daily lives. This region, which is rich in medicinal plants, still needs more exploration and study. Keywords: Traditional medicine, CAM, Healthcare sector in Pakistan
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Baptista, Thalysson Vinícius de Jesus Carvalho, and JULIANNE VIANA FREIRA PORTELA. "DIVERSIDADE DE FUNGOS EM SOLO PERMAFROST: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA." In II Congresso Nacional de Microbiologia Clínica On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/ii-conamic/47.

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Introdução: Fungos são seres vivos pertencentes ao reino Fungi que possuem como características célula eucariótica, uni ou multicelulares, parede celular de quitina e heterotrofia. Dentre os ambientes que estão presentes inclui-se os solos congelados por pelo menos 2 anos consecutivos de altas latitudes e altitudes conhecidos como o permafrost. Em virtude do aquecimento global, muitos destes solos estão derretendo e, dentre múltiplas consequências, afetando as populações de fungos nesses locais e, com isso, o ciclo biogeoquímico desse ambiente. Objetivo: Tendo isto em vista, o objetivo do presente estudo foi de realizar uma revisão sistemática acerca da diversidade de taxóns de fungos presentes em solo permafrost ao redor do mundo e as potenciais consequências para eles com o aumento da temperatura. Material e métodos: Então, usou-se das ferramentas Science Direct, Google Academics e Scielo para pesquisas contendo as seguintes palavras: “Fungi diversity permafrost regions” e “Fungi diversity permafrost warming”, no título ou no texto, em artigos de 2018 até 2022. 10 artigos satisfaziam os critérios, onde neles apresentavam os táxons encontrados de fungos nos solos permafrost na Antártida, no Ártico e também em regiões de elevada altitude, como no planalto do Tibet na China, no Himalaia na Índia e nos Alpes europeus. Resultados: O táxon que apresentou maior prevalência em todas as regiões foi o filo Ascomycota, representados majoritariamente pelos gêneros Penicillium, Aspergillus e Cladosporium. O filo Basidiomycota foi o segundo mais abundante na maioria das regiões, exceto nas ilhas de South Shetland na Antártida, onde o filo Morterellomycota foi o segundo mais abundante. Em relação à incidência do aquecimento global nos fungos de solo permafrost, a maioria dos estudos obteve como conclusão a redução da diversidade de táxons de fungos, ao mesmo tempo que aumentaria a abundância de espécies generalistas. O derretimento do permafrost pode expor também novos fungos patógenos à plantas e animais, já que há a presença de gêneros conhecidos por causarem infecções nesses seres, como Candida sp., Cladosporium, entre outros. Conclusão: A partir disso, conclui-se que é necessário realizar mais estudos a fim de aumentar a identificação de táxons de fungos presentes nesses solos, monitorando espécies que podem ser prejudiciais ou benéficas aos humanos.
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Reports on the topic "Himalayan animals"

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Singh, V. Draught Animal Power in Mountain Agriculture- A Study of Perspectives and Issues in the Central Himalayas, India. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.278.

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Singh, V. Draught Animal Power in Mountain Agriculture- A Study of Perspectives and Issues in the Central Himalayas, India. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.278.

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Proceedings of the session on the Hindu Kush Himalayan Yak Network: Building partnerships for conservation and development of yak in the Third Pole - Seventh international conference on sustainable animal agriculture for developing countries. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.960.

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