Journal articles on the topic 'Hill-climbers'

"IT'S ALL PART OF THE JOURNEY TO YOURSELF": LIMINAL EXPERIENCES AS IDENTITY-CREATIG MOMENTS IN CONTEMPORARY CLIMBERS' AUTOBIOGRAPHIESExperiencing physical and mental boundaries has always been part of mountaineering. However, over the last 150 years we have witnessed a process in which, in climbers’ accounts, mountaineering and climbing become more and more important as liminal experiences. While in the so-called “golden age” of mountaineering 1850–1865 the authors focused on the first ascents of well-known summits and during the “heroic mountaineering” stage 1930s they described primarily traverses of increasingly difficult routes, what comes to the fore in contemporary autobiographical works of professional climbers is the representation of subjective and individual liminal experiences. In recent autobiographies climbing gains importance as an individual quest for experiences and is presented as a form of self-fulfilment: liminal experiences of climbers become moments shaping their identity. The process is reflected in the style of climbing, which has evolved from collective expeditions to radical solo climbs. Speed or free solo climbs are an example of such an individualistic approach, in which grappling with oneself gets at least as much attention as grappling with the mountain. The authors of the article explore, from the perspective of literary studies and sociology, the representation of liminal experiences as identity-shaping moments in contemporary autobiographical works by Lynn Hill Climbing Free, 2002, Catherine Destivelle Ascensions, 2003, Alex Honnold Alone on the Wall, 2015 and Andy Kirkpatrick Psychovertical, 2008.]]>

"IT'S ALL PART OF THE JOURNEY TO YOURSELF": LIMINAL EXPERIENCES AS IDENTITY-CREATIG MOMENTS IN CONTEMPORARY CLIMBERS' AUTOBIOGRAPHIESExperiencing physical and mental boundaries has always been part of mountaineering. However, over the last 150 years we have witnessed a process in which, in climbers’ accounts, mountaineering and climbing become more and more important as liminal experiences. While in the so-called “golden age” of mountaineering 1850–1865 the authors focused on the first ascents of well-known summits and during the “heroic mountaineering” stage 1930s they described primarily traverses of increasingly difficult routes, what comes to the fore in contemporary autobiographical works of professional climbers is the representation of subjective and individual liminal experiences. In recent autobiographies climbing gains importance as an individual quest for experiences and is presented as a form of self-fulfilment: liminal experiences of climbers become moments shaping their identity. The process is reflected in the style of climbing, which has evolved from collective expeditions to radical solo climbs. Speed or free solo climbs are an example of such an individualistic approach, in which grappling with oneself gets at least as much attention as grappling with the mountain. The authors of the article explore, from the perspective of literary studies and sociology, the representation of liminal experiences as identity-shaping moments in contemporary autobiographical works by Lynn Hill Climbing Free, 2002, Catherine Destivelle Ascensions, 2003, Alex Honnold Alone on the Wall, 2015 and Andy Kirkpatrick Psychovertical, 2008.]]>

Objective: This study was planned to document the medicinal plants in Eratti hill.Methods: The medicinal plants were collected during their flowering period from July to September. Voucher specimens of all medicinally valuable plants were collected, poisoned, dried, and mounted with voucher number following the conventional methods.Results: Survey of medicinal plants wealth of Eratti hill, Bargur reserve forest, Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India, was carried out during 2016– 2018. 295 medicinal plant species belonging to 66 families were documented. Of these, the highest number of species belongs to the families were Asteraceae, Acanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Lamiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Malvaceae, Mimosaceae, and Apocynaceae. Herbs held the dominant position followed by shrubs, trees, climbers, and epiphytes. The medicinal plants were used to treat various ailments such as skin diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, fever, colic pain, biliousness, wounds eczema, cardiac disorders, and eye diseases used by the Solagars, Lingayats, and Malayali tribals in the hill.Conclusion: Medicinal plants in Eratti hill play a significant role in primary health care of the ethnic people. This study provides knowledge about herbal treatment of the ethnic people and subsequent pharmacognostical and pharmacological investigations should be made to confirm their mode of preparations.

Angiosperms are the most important group among the plant kingdom. An attempt was made to study the angiosperms diversity and their conservation status of Susunia hill and its adjacent region in Bankura district, West Bengal. The plants were collected from the study area and identified. Field survey method was used for the present investigation. The threatened, endangered, not evaluated, least concern and vulnerable status of plant species were confirmed by India biodiversity portal and other standard publications on rare and threatened taxa of the country. A total of 91 species of angiosperms were recorded which were represented by 84 genera belonging to 42 different families. During the survey period 02 species of Pteridophytes under 02 genera belonging to 02 differerent families were also reported. Fabaceae was recorded as most dominant family from the angiosperms in study site. There were 36 species as least concern, 10 species as not evaluated, 04 species as vulnerable, 01 species as near threatened and 01 species as endangered as per the IUCN threatened categories. Analysis of habits showed that trees were represented by the highest proportion followed by perennial herbs, shrubs, annual herbs and climbers. The present study is the compilation of data on threatened plants of Susunia hill purview over various literatures with an update on their present status. It needs conservation of the biodiversity and their habitat as well as to increase the awareness of the people for the importance of the study site.

Objectives: This study was designed to document some medicinal plants in Nainamalai foothill.Methods: The plants were collected from different sites of the hill area, identified by their local names with the help of villagers while walking through the vegetation. The photographs of these plant species were taken during the field visits.Results: Plant survey at Ninamalai foothill has documented a total of 124 plants. Among 124 species surveyed, 123 were angiospermic plants and one pteridophytic plant. Analysis of plants showed that the more number of dicotyledons (115 species) belongs to 43 families and 8 monocotyledons are represented in 5 families. Within dicotyledons, 53 species are polypetalae, 34 species are gamopetalae, and 28 monochlamydeae. For each species, botanical name, family, habit, local name, parts used, and medicinal usage are identified and presented. The family-wise analysis showed that the family Amaranthaceae held the dominant position by representing more number of species (13 species). Habit-wise analysis shows that maximum representatives to the plants are from herb (76) community, followed by trees (22), shrubs (17), climbers (6), parasitic shrub and parasitic twinner (1), and fern (1). The absence of epiphytes indicates the loss special habitats due to the degraded status of the hill. Part-wise analysis showed the predominant use of whole plants, followed by leaves, root, seed, bark, fruit, flower, and stem.Conclusion: People of the study area mostly administered phytomedicine orally. A majority of remedies are prepared in the form of extract or juice, followed by powder form, decoction, and freshly collected plant parts. Most of the villagers in the study are poor, and they largely depend on plants for food, medicine, fuel, and other daily necessities.

Ornamental plants are important constituent of floristic diversity which beautify and glorify our surroundings. They add a positive attitude to life, intensify the feeling of happiness, and enhance the economic value of the estate. There has been a growing trend promoted by environmentalists, ecologists, and horticulturalists toward the inclusion of new wild ornamental plants (WOPs) for minimising their maintenance costs and enhancing their survival rate. The current study inventorised the floristic diversity of native WOPs of the Aravalli Hill Range of Haryana State. Researchers recorded 88 native WOPs species belonging to 40 plant families. Asteraceae and Poaceae are the most dominant families, contributing seven species each followed by Fabaceae and Malvaceae with six species each. The habit wise distribution of native WOPs from the Aravalli hill ranges depicted that herbaceous types of plants are dominant with 53.4 % followed by trees (18.2 %), climbers (14.8 %), and shrubs (11.4%). These native WOPs were found suitable for various ornamental purposes which ranges from the garden, potted, medicinal, lawn cover, avenue tree, hedge/fencing, edible, religious/ ceremonial, road dividers, cacti, succulent, and indoor foliage. The current study documented four plants, viz., Argyreia cuneata (Willd.) Ker Gawl., Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr., Pulicaria wightiana (DC.) C.B.Clarke, and Rivea hypocrateriformis (Desr.) Choisy. endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC., Cleome viscosa L., Saccharum spontaneum L., and Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. were reported to have somewhat invasive potential in this region. Further, it is also suggested to introduce some potential native WOPs into domestication by florists, horticulturists, nurserymen, and municipal authorities for the protection, conservation, and perpetuation of these plants to minimize the use of foreign floral species to control the further spread of alien plants.

Medicinal plants play in an important role in the primary health care system. The paper deals with the indigenous knowledge related to ethnomedicinal knowledge and plant parts application for curing various ailments by the ethnic community of Thanchi Upazila of Bandarban Hill District. Semi-structured questionnaires, interviews, group discussions, and specific plant sample collection were done from July 2019 to December 2021 to procure ethno-medicinal data from local herbalists and elderly villagers for this study and from the forest areas. A total of 129 plant species under 110 genera and 63 families have been documented, which have been traditionally used by the ethnic people for the treatment of different ailments. Traditional knowledge and information about medicinal plants such as local names, scientific names, families, habits, habitats, plant-parts used, names of ailments, modes of use, etc. were recorded, validated, and documented. Plant families namely, Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae were represented by the highest (8) number of species, followed by Fabaceae, Verbenaceae, Apocynaceae, Araceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Lamiaceae, Rubiaceae and Zingiberaceae. The most widely used medicinal plants included Anacardium occidentale, Bombax ceiba, Calotropis gigantea, Terminalia chebula, Aegle mermelos, Ageratum conyzoides, Andrographis paniculata, Aristolochia indica, Blumea balsamifera, Bryophyllum pinnatum, Celosia cristata, Centella asiatica, Melastoma malabathricum, Mimosa pudica, Musa paradisiaca, Oroxylum indicum, Plumbago indica and Vitex negundo. Herbs (36%) were found to be the most used plant, followed by shrubs (33%), trees (17%), climbers (9%) and fern (5%). Most medicinal plants were used for the treatment of fever, skin diseases, cough problems, menstrual problems, body pain, indigestion, headaches, stomachaches, constipation, swelling problems, wounds and others. Among the plant parts, mostly leaves were used (43%), followed by roots (21%), whole plants (10%), stems (6%) along with fruit, rhizome, flower, bark, seed and latex for the treatment of diseases. The most common formulations prescribed to treat various diseases were juices. The findings will be useful for future research in the Bandarban Hill District. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2022, 8 (2), 123-140

Floristic diversity of Khagrachari Sadar of Khagrachari district, within Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh, has been investigated. A territory's vegetation type and diversity provide insight into the overall resources, their usage structures, and conservation status that are crucial to developing conservation plans and regulations. This analysis helps to portray the overall scenario of a region's plant biomass/vegetation diversity exquisitely. This study has revealed the occurrence of 369 vascular plant species belonging to 144 genera under 97 families from the study area. Out of these 32 are pteridophytes, 2 are gymnosperms and the rest of 335 are angiosperms. Based on habit distribution, herbs are represented by 150 species followed by shrubs (48), trees (108), climbers (47) and epiphytes by 16 species. Dicotyledonous (Magnoliopsida) group was dominant and represented by 254 species belonging to 73 genera under 62 families, followed by monocotyledonous (Liliopsida) with 81 species under 52 genera and 17 families. Among the dicotyledonous plants, Rubiaceae was found to be the largest family with 24 species, whereas with 17 species Orchidaceae is the largest family in monocotyledonous. It appears that Forested areas are dominated by Melocanna baccifera, with an IVI of 8.00 and have the scanty appearance of two herbs (Spathoglottis plicata, Adiantum flabellaletum) and one tree species (Cycas pectinata). For effective conservation management and sustainable usage of the taxa, the status of occurrence has been determined where 304 species (82.23 percent) are considered as ‘Common’, 61 (16.53 percent) are considered ‘Least Concern’, 2 (0.54%) are considered ‘Vulnerable’ and 2 (0.54%), are considered ‘Critically Endangered’. Several diversity indices, such as Margelef’s richness, Shannon-Winer Index, Pielou’s Evenness, and Simpson’s Index values showed the substantial diversity status of the vascular plant in selected 4 sites. A considerable seasonal fluctuation was evident in the diversity indices at four different research locations where data reflected that the rainy season is more diverse than others.

An assessment of beekeeping potential, richness, and distribution of plant species foraged by stinging honey bee Apis mellifera L. in West Kilimanjaro Tanzania Forest Service Agency (TFS) Plantation area was conducted in 2020. A total of 40, 20 m x 20 m plots were set on the 5 natural vegetation remnants within the plantation forest ranges of Sanya juu, Lemosho, Hill wood, Wasendo, and Londrosi at an interval of 100 m. Within the 20 m x 20 m, 1 m x 1 m nested plots were established to assess herbs, sedge, grasses, and seedlings, while 2 m x 5 m were established to determine shrubs. Agriculture crops grown by the bordering villagers were identified and evaluated for the bee forage potential. Plant species richness (S) was determined from the total number of plant species identified from every site using the Shannon Weiner Diversity Index (H’). Plant species distribution was determined grounded on the frequency (F) and evenness (E) were determined. The sites were revealed to have high plant species diversity foraged by stinging honey bees. A total of 204 plant species belonging to 76 families and 178 genera were identified. The calculates H’ of 2.37 for non-wood plants and 3.05 for wood plants implied high plant diversity. The most distributed plant species had a relative frequency (RF) of 6.250 ± 3.0303, while the rest had an RF < 3.0303. The disappearance of one species does not cause any significant effect on bees, as they can go for another species in the area. 92% of non-woody plants and 94% of the identified woody plants were known to be foraged by stinging honey bees. The evenness (E) of 0.7484 for non-wood plants and 0.795 implied that the plants in all categorize were not evenly distributed. West Kilimanjaro Forest Plantation (WKFP) natural forest patches are potential for honey beekeeping. Stinging honey bee fodder plants should be planted, regular visits to the project sites should be exercised to protect honey theft, spot clearing to give a room for naturally germinated seedlings covered by climbers. Further study should be done on the biological species diversity, training to beekeeping staff, and plan for regular inspection of the honey bee colony strength will help to reveal any challenges facing the venture including diseases and hives strengths and weakness.

Biligirirangana hills (BR Hills) is located in Yelandur taluk, Chamarajanagar District, Western Ghats towards Tamilnadu. The ethno botanical plant survey was executed for the documentation of therapeutic plants. The tribal people have the inborn knowledge about the medicinal plants and their use. In this presentstudy, we have selected 90 plant species belonging to 48 families out of which 38 plant species are herbs, 16 shrubs, 27 treesand 9 climbers were identified with their appropriate information and reported in this paper with their medicinal uses according to tribal communities to cure different ailments. The most common illness treated by the traditional healers are jaundice, diabetes, asthma, fever, cold, cough, digestive problems, piles, paralysis, skin problems, diarrhoea, haemorrhage, kidney problem, gastrointestinal disorders etc.

The activity of walking through hilly country for pleasure. He is an avid athlete and loves mountain walking. Mountaineering is a terrifying quest used for mathematical optimization problems in the field of artificial intelligence. Given a large input and a good horistic function, it tries to find a good enough solution to the problem. The mountaineering algorithm consists of three parts, where the global maximum or optimal solution cannot be reached: the local maximum, the ridge and the plateau. The trek is not complete or optimal, the time complex of O (∞) but the space complex of O (b). There is no special processing data system as mountaineering rejects old nodes. Trekking in the Alps or other high mountains. This is not an efficient method. This does not apply to problems where the value of the horticultural function suddenly decreases while the solution is in view. First-choice trekking enables balanced trekking by randomly creating heirs until something better than the current situation develops. Whenever this is a good strategy there are many (e.g., thousands) heirs in a state. So the first preferred mountain climbing is a special type Random mountain climbing. Description. This is a robust mountaineering algorithm. A person is initiated approximately. When the individual reaches a local optimal state a new solution is created approximately and mountaineering begins again. The best first search is a traversal technique, which checks which node is the most reliable and decides which node to visit next by checking it. To this end, it uses the appraisal function to determine travel. Climbing is used to describe traditional ‘siege’ techniques, where you will climb the mountain several times before being driven to the summit. Albinism, on the other hand, focuses on 'fast and light' climbs. Free climbing was created to describe any style of climbing that is not AIDS related. ... In free climbing, the climber moves the wall under their own force without the use of any special gear (except for the climbing shoes) to help them move upwards. Climbers can only survive for a short time in the 'death zone' at 8000 m and above, where there are numerous challenges. Deep cracks, avalanches, cliffs and snowflakes make the high form of trekking a very dangerous endeavor. Caldwell and George's son use headlamps to illuminate their way, climbing at night when the temperature is cold - meaning their hands sweat less and there is more friction between their rubber shoes and granite. According to the author, climbing mountains is a very difficult task for people and they enjoy crossing obstacles. Mountaineering is neither complete nor optimal, the time complex of O (∞) but the space complex of O (b). There is no special processing data system as mountaineering rejects old nodes

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between body mass indexes and nutritional habits of national cycling athletes. In 2020-2021, 20 elite/national cyclists, including 10 sprinters and 10 hill climbers competing in the Turkey Cycling Spindle Team, participated voluntarily. The averages of age, height and body mass indexes of the cyclists participating in the study were respectively for sprinters; 23.40±2.68 years, 1.76±0.04 meters and 23.31±1.68 kg/m2, while for hill climbers it is 24.10±3.64 years, 1.76±0.05 meters and it was determined 21.39±1.02 kg/m2. The data obtained in the study were analyzed in computer environment. Spearman Correlation analysis was applied for the research results. In the study, it was seen that the BMI values of the athletes were normal and the sub-headings of their eating habits were above the average. In addition, no relationship was found between BMI and eating habits and total scores.

Abstract. Das G, Thou K, Mondal P, Meeran SM. 2022. Review: Ethnomedicinal plants used for wound healing and dermatological problem in the North-Eastern Hill Region of India. Asian J Ethnobiol 5: 102-119. Wound healing is a complex process that facilitates tissue cohesion and homeostasis renewal. Medicinal plants have several bioactive compounds and play a principal role in healing and curing human and animal diseases. In our review, we collected ethnobotanical information mostly from Nagaland, a North-Eastern state of India, from various ethnic groups through personal communication, articles, surveys, and sources. In this study, we selected 26 plant species belonging to 20 families categorized as herbs (15 species), shrubs (5 species), trees (4 species), and climbers (2 species) with scientifically demonstrated medicinal properties or reported from ethnic groups on wound healing, dermatological problem, other numerous diseases and disorders relating to the urinary system, inflammation, tumors, diabetes, diarrhea, gastritis, scabies, skin sores, animal/insect bites, parasitic related problems, and rheumatism. They have been compiled and reviewed. Medicinal plants are considered efficacious adjuvants or alternatives to conventional therapies to treat various diseases, and the use of medicinal plants and their products to cure different ailments was reported and recorded. Our review will help create awareness about using medicinal plants and alternative medicine to ameliorate dermatological problems and treat various diseases in humans and animals.

Background: The sacred groves are considered to be ecologically most important area as they are rich in plant diversity. It is considered to be repository of many important medicinal plantspecies including endangered and endemic and many valuable plant species. An ethanobotanical survey was carried out to assess the floristic diversity and it medicinal properties used by the indigenous peoples and local people. The floristic study conducted to understand the status of vegetation an it is important step towards conservation. Methods: The study was carried out for about one yearby frequent field visit and inperson interview with indigenous peoples to know the medicinal properties of the species. Result: The study showed presence of 54 medicinal plants out of which 22 are herbs, 12 shrubs, 2 climbers and 17 are tree habits. All the plants are found to be highly medicinal in treating many diseases. The survey reveals the conservation importance of the sacred grove to safe guard the ecosystem for sustainable development.

Zammit, Marisa, and Erica Dornbusch. A Friend In Hope: a Story About Hope's Journey with a Brain Tumour. Brain Tumor Foundation of Canada, 2008.Zammit, Marisa, Erica Dornbusch, and Carole Baillargeon. Mon amie Claire: L'histoire de Claire et de sa tumeur cérébrale. Foundation canadienne des tumeurs cérébrales, 2009.Zammit, Marisa, Erica Dornbusch, and Rocco Speranza. La mia amica Speranza : Speranza e il suo tumore cerebrale. Fondazione canadese del tumore cerebrale, 2008.In an interview with Daytime television, available on YouTube, author Marisa Zammit explains how the Brain Tumour Foundation of Canada contacted her as an established freelance copy writer to come up with a positive story of hope for and about children with brain tumours. According to Susan Marshall, executive director of the Foundation, no other storybook existed for elementary school aged children in Canada before 2008, when the book was published. It is the personal connection, having a child diagnosed with a brain tumour at the age of 4,that motivated Sharon to commission the publication of A Friend in Hope. Marisa had worked previously with illustrator Erica Dornbusch, who had published other storybooks (e.g. Finding Kate's shoes , Mrs. Goodstory) in the past. Marisa is now a school teacher librarian at Holy Cross Catholic Secondary School in Strathroy, Ontario and she has read the book to her students.A Friend in Hope has definitely accomplished its main objective of giving children, parents, and friends a positive and hopeful outlook on the brain tumour journey. Amy Mathias, the Online Community Engagement Coordinator of the Foundation, indicated that 15,000 copies of the book had been distributed in time for the organization’s 30th Anniversary in 2012. It is thanks to the Ronald McDonald House Charities that printing and distribution of the book were possible. The book addresses a very real need not only in alleviating young patients’ fears, but also in explaining brain tumours and their medical implications to children’s teachers and classmates. In turn, adults diagnosed with brain tumours may also use the storybook to approach the subject with their children.As for the translated versions of the book, Pia di Bacco helped translate from English into French by enlisting the support of youth and staff at her school in Montreal. Similarly, her godson Rocco Speranza commissioned grades 4, 5, and 6 youth and staff at the École East Hill School’s Italian program to translate the storybook from English and French into Italian. The motivation in both translation cases was a result of a family member or a student being diagnosed with a brain tumour and the belief in educating youth about brain tumours. Schools across the English Montreal School Board and beyond in Italy, Australia, Argentina, and the USA have also benefited from the storybook.The story is written from the perspective of a young brain tumour patient’s best friend, Danny, Daniel, or Daniele in English, French, and Italian respectively. Danny is trying to understand and, most of all, support his “best buddy,” Hope, who begins her brain tumour journey. As the author Marisa Zammit expressed in the Daytime interview, Hope, or in Italian Speranza, received that name because “it is hope [speranza] that buoys the character through the hardships of the story.” In French, the character’s name is Claire, whose Latin origin “clarus” means “clear, bright, celebrated” and by extension the word “clear”. The French name too, therefore, is representative of her personality and journey.Part of the story involves references to some of the medical treatments that Hope undergoes: MRI, pharmaceutical drugs, radiation therapy, a special helmet and mouthguard, a hospital’s child life centre, and the effects of various treatments on Hope. In every instance, the story uses the narrator’s voice and point of view to express Hope’s various experiences, Danny’s reactions to them, and his own fears. It is a child’s imagination which makes this topic bearable and allows the illustrations to become particularly powerful, when, for example, Danny sees Hope take some medication, which she says will help her “feel well enough to play with [him].” The illustration, in this case, represents a mountain scape and the children’s game of climbing pillows and cushions as if they were mountain climbers, because as Hope says the medication she takes is the “same medicine mountain climbers use,” (ie. dexamethasone). Another exceptional illustration is the one representing an oceanic world with an octopus and fish, which is how Hope faces the MRI machine and transforms it into a submarine. The illustrations are identical across the translations and the English source text, except for one image representing a hockey player in what appears to be Toronto Maple Leafs colours; however, in the French and Italian translations, which originated in Montreal, the team colours were changed to those of the Montreal Canadiens. Habs fans will no doubt appreciate the sensitivity of the illustrator.All in all the story is very well written and the language is suitable for children from grades 2 to 4; however the concepts that are addressed also make this book relevant to higher grade levels. That said, some grammatical inaccuracies exist within the French translation. Public and school libraries would benefit from access to this book, as would hospital library patrons and those who use Faculty of Education libraries. The health education elements of the story are presented in a very appropriate yet realistic manner for the target audience, who will appreciate having access to such a unique resource.Highly Recommended: 4 out of 4 stars Reviewer: Denis LacroixDenis Lacroix has worked at the University of Alberta Libraries since 2003. He is the romance languages and classics librarian and enjoys reading in French, Spanish, and Italian.