Academic literature on the topic 'Highfield Hall Community Centre'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Highfield Hall Community Centre.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Highfield Hall Community Centre":
1
Morris, Allford Hall Monaghan, and Colin Davies. "Jenga planning: Kentish Town integrated care centre." Architectural Research Quarterly 6, no. 4 (December 2002): 300–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135503001842.
Abstract:
‘A beacon of excellence in healthcare design’… ‘a symbol of civic pride in our community’ … ‘a “state of the art” building’ … ‘a building which could be magnificently innovative and visionary in its time, location and conception’. These phrases, taken from the ‘Aspirational Statement’ that introduces the competition brief, should have left no one in any doubt that the clients for the proposed new integrated care centre in Kentish Town were looking for something new and different. With hindsight, it is easy to see why Allford Hall Monaghan Morris's (AHMM) unusual design [1a–c] won the competition.
2
Blanck, Kathrin, Angelika Hable, and Ulrike Lechner. "Conference Report - Europe's Constitutionalization as an Inspiration for Global Governance? Some Viennese Conference Impressions." German Law Journal 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 227–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200013596.
Abstract:
“New Foundations for European and Global Governance? The Achievements of Europe's Constitutionalization.” This was the title of the two-day conference organized by the European Community Studies Association (ECSA) of Austria and the Europainstitut of the University of Economics and Business Administration. The meeting was set in the beautiful atmosphere of the Banqueting Hall of the Bank of Austria building in the centre of Vienna on 29 and 30 November 2004.
3
Utaberta, Nangkula, and Nurhananie Spalie. "Understanding the Potential of Modern Community Center as Social Architectural Spaces in Malaysia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 747 (March 2015): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.747.52.
Abstract:
Malaysia is one of the classic examples of a multi-ethnic society. The country is proud of its multiracial culture which makes it a model for other countries. The ubiquitous community hall in the Malaysian landscape, as it stands now, has long passed its time of usefulness. These halls are labelled with names like dewan serbaguna, dewan orang ramai or even balai raya. But as it stands today, the community hall in our midst is nothing more than a large empty space used for games like badminton or ping pong and the occa-sional event. The changing modern Malaysian society demands more of this simple out-dated facility; there must be a place for the various ethnic groups to meet and fulfil modern needs such as family days, health checks, child’s play, music lessons and many more important uses This paper strives to identify and analyse some of the architectural problems in current community centres in Malaysia with the focus on the spatial aspects and space usage. It is expected that this paper can give a clear picture of the problems faced by Malaysian community centres with some considerations and a framework to develop a new scheme for community centre development in the future.
4
Popova, O. "RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE FIRST TOWN HALLS." Municipal economy of cities 4, no. 164 (October 1, 2021): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-4-164-49-57.
Abstract:
The article considers the history of the origin and formation of the town hall architecture as the first building of local governments. Over the past century, most town hall buildings have lost their historical significance. This process is due to the improvement of local government in Europe. In addition, the reason for this was the development of autonomy of city government and civil liberties. This process was also influenced by the democratization of the life management procedures of the urban community. From the beginning of its existence, the town hall was formed as the main public space of the city. This space was a place of judicial and public gatherings; the town hall was a centre of trade, as well as a core of theatrical and cultural events. Some town halls had a system of spaces of social interaction, such as closed halls, open and semi-open public rooms. The tendency of concentration of administrative institutions and service enterprises developed. This development took place through the integration of functional, spatial, organizational and technological structures into a single public-administrative complex. In modern town hall buildings, such components as assembly halls, session halls, exhibition halls, museum premises, offices of the City government and offices of fractions are kept until now.
5
Patil, Sangeeta. "Literature and Cultural Studies: A Tool in Criticism." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, S1-Feb (February 6, 2021): 180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8is1-feb.3950.
Abstract:
Cultural Studies is the process by which power relations between and within groups of human beings organize cultural artefact s- such as food habits, music, cinema, sports events and celebrity culture and their meanings. A field of academic study that finds its roots in the Birmingham Centre of Contemporary Cultural Studies (UK) and the work of critics like Raymond Williams, Richard Hoggart and later by Stuart Hall, Tony Bennet and others, Cultural Studies is a discipline between disciplines. It believes that the ‘Culture’ of a community includes various aspects; economic, spatial, ideological, erotic and political. It is interested in the production and consumption of culture.
6
Deja, Barbara Maria. "Renovation And Adaptation Of The Historic Olsztyn Purification House Bet Tahara Into A Public Utility Building." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2015-0033.
Abstract:
Abstract The historic Jewish Purification House Bet Tahara was erected in Olsztyn in 1913 on the basis of the debut design of Erich Mendelsohn, a world-famous architect born in Olsztyn. The most valuable element of the building is a self-supporting pyramid vault above a mourning hall. The paper presents the interesting structure of the building, its technical condition before renovation, as well as the scope of work involved in adapting it into a public utility building - MENDELSOHN HOUSE Intercultural Dialogue Centre. The undertaking was executed thanks to the commitment of the building’s leaseholder - “Borussia” Cultural Community Association, which raised money for this goal from public funds.
7
Mason, Robert, and Rebecca Damjanovic. "The start of it all? Heritage, labour and the environment in regional Queensland." Queensland Review 25, no. 2 (December 2018): 208–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2018.24.
Abstract:
AbstractThe Great Shearers’ Strike of 1891 transformed Australian politics and created the context for the election of the first ‘labourist’ government in the world. This nationally significant history is reflected in Barcaldine’s central heritage precinct, with a large monument to the Tree of Knowledge and spacious Australian Workers Heritage Centre. The Centre was established as the ‘National Monument’ to working men and women when it was opened by Prime Minister Bob Hawke in 1991. The Centre is one of a number of industrial museums in the Central West, and exists alongside the Stockman’s Hall of Fame in nearby Longreach. The recent increase in tourism by Grey Nomads has resulted in a more concerted effort to formulate a clear heritage discourse in Barcaldine, one that draws on the town’s labour heritage. This increased emphasis on the heritage of the Great Shearers’ Strike has further politicised an already fraught heritage, and distanced the community from its local heritage spaces and stories. This article reflects on long-standing narratives relating to the local environment as a means to articulate contested heritage discourses, situate the significant labour history and reinforce the local community’s engagement in its heritage.
8
Koleva, Donka. "Project "Digital Presentation and Preservation of the Cultural Heritage of the Old-print Fund and the Historical Theatre Salon of Community Center "Nadejda 1869", Veliko Tarnovo"." Cultural and Historical Heritage: Preservation, Representation, Digitalization 6, no. 1 (2020): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26615/issn.2367-8038.2020_1_003.
Abstract:
The topic is dedicated to the joint project between „Nadejda 1869” community Center and Regional Library „P.R.Slaveykov”. The objectives of the project are preservation and popularization of the Bulgarian cultural heritage in the European context of cultural and creative industries, cultural exchange and cultural diversity through: (1) Presentation and popularization of the value of the cultural wealth of the Community centre; Popularization of the theme of the book Treasures of the Community Library and innovative online presentation of the old Printing fund, storing it in electronic form to facilitate access to it and its preservation for future generations; (2)Popularization of the historical cultural hall, connected with statehood and the first inscription „Unity makes Power” by digitization of archival documentation; (3) Stimulating sustainable partnerships, exchanging experience and knowledge, bringing together scientific and practical experience in the preservation of cultural heritage and volunteering. The community Center „Nadezhda 1869” is associated with historical events important for the Bulgarian statehood. Three great folk assemblies were sitting in his theater hall. It starts the library and museum work, the theater, the cinema and the Art Gallery in the city. The library has a fund of 48 787 units, and the old-print collection consists of 446 books, newspapers and magazines from the period 16th -19th century. The oldest is the book „The Work Miney”, printed in Venice in 1588 and containing religious texts in Greek. For digitization is selected the topic „Bulgarian education to Liberation”, consisting of teaching aids in linguistics, natural sciences, mathematics and history – a total of 78 titles. Digitization is carried out in the specialised Digital center „North +” of Regional Library “P.R.Slaveykov", created under the program BG08 „Cultural Heritage and contemporary arts”. The successful realization of the project activities will help to protect and promote knowledge, improve access through digital technologies to the specialized collections of the old Printing fund and popularization of the Historical Theatre Hall -National value, through their inclusion in the cultural treasury „North +”, the rubric „Old print Fund” and the website of the Community Center. Keywords: Preservation of Cultural Heritage, Old-print Fund, Historical Theatre Salon "Nadejda"
9
Shamsuddin, Shuhana, Natasha Azim Hussin, Abu Hassan Nur Rasyiqah, and Abdul Aziz Norsiah. "Crime Prevention through Environmental Design Program’s Implementation and its Effects on the Liveability of Kuala Lumpur City Centre." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2917–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2917.
Abstract:
Livable city is referred to as the quality of living in an area that contributes towards a safe, healthy and enjoyable place. The Safe City and Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) programs were implemented to address this issue. However, due to the rising crime index in 2004, it is questionable whether CPTED had successfully been implemented in this country especially in Kuala Lumpur. This paper discusses the role of CPTED in making Kuala Lumpur a liveable city and to assess the awareness and understanding among the citizens and the local authorities on CPTED program. The study was conducted among the professionals and staffs of Kuala Lumpur City Hall as they are the real implementers who are also responsible to inform the community of the CPTED programs. The findings revealed that, there is still a lack of understanding of CPTED program that affects the success of this program in increasing the safety levels of Kuala Lumpur to make the city more liveable.
10
Pratama, David, and Sidhi Wiguna Teh. "BALAI PELAYANAN WARGA." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 2, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 1755. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v2i2.8616.
Abstract:
As a capital city with high population density, Jakarta is home to people of heterogenous backgrounds. This drives numerous conflicts between the government and the citizens. The author recognises the potential of community service centres in Jakarta to be a channel in improving the relationship between local government and the local residents. Community service centres could be developed into a familiar and well-loved space, if designed with principles of transparency and flexibility according to the Third Place theories. Third Place can be defined as a space where local residents are able to carry out activities comfortably as they would at home. This project, Balaga, is a project that reimagined the design of community service centre in Sunter Jaya with a Third Place concept approach. The aim of this project is to foster a collaboration between the government and the residents to further develop their local area. Programs that are implemented in this community centre shall adapt to the advancing technology and will be adjusted to suit the needs of users. The Balaga project which is located across West Sunter Lake naturally presents the lake itself and the local dynamic as the project’s cornerstone. With functions such as city hall, service centre and educational facilities, Balaga serves as a local meeting point as well as a place to accomodate the activities of the local residents. Keywords: Balaga; Community centre; Public; Sunter Jaya; Third place AbstrakDKI Jakarta sebagai ibukota dihuni oleh beragam macam masyarakat dari latar belakang yang heterogen. Heterogenitas ini membuat pemerintah DKI sebagai penyelenggara pemerintahan daerah sering tidak sejalan dengan masyarakatnya. Penulis melihat kantor kelurahan di DKI Jakarta memiliki potensi sebagai saluran agar pemerintah dapat menjalin hubungan yang lebih baik dengan masyarakatnya. Kantor kelurahan dapat menjadi wadah yang dicintai dan dekat dengan publik, bila di rancang dengan asas-asas keterbukaan dan fleksibilitas sesuai dengan teori Third Place. Third Place adalah tempat dimana masyarakat dapat beraktivitas bersama secara bebas dan nyaman seperti di rumah. Proyek Balaga adalah proyek re-design kantor kelurahan Sunter Jaya dengan pendekatan teori Third Place dalam perancangannya. Tujuan dari proyek ini adalah mendorong masyarakat dan pemerintah agar dapat saling berkolaborasi dalam memajukan daerahnya. Program awal kantor kelurahan dikembangkan dengan mengikuti kemajuan teknologi, serta program-program penunjang akan menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat di kelurahan Sunter Jaya. Proyek Balaga yang terletak di sebrang Danau Sunter Barat menjadikan pendekatan proyek ini mengacu pada danau terserbut, Serta kondisi masyarakat sekitar. Dengan adanya balai warga, pusat pelayanan dan fasilitas edukasi, Balaga menjadi meeting point di Danau Sunter Barat serta mengakomodasi masyarakat yang ingin beraktivitas.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Highfield Hall Community Centre":
1
Nippertová, Lucie. "Společensko-kulturní centrum s radnicí v Kohoutovicích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240840.
Abstract:
Diploma thesis is about new town hall for the district Brno-Kohoutovice. The part of it is small hall for multiple uses of local community, commercials areas and common rooms. The place can be called the square. Kohoutovice is really special - they are almost whole from prefab houses from 70s. This affected creating of building and whole thinking about how should the building look like. Functionalism urbanism is mostly like randomly scattered garbage. It is not right if we try to make the new buildings to fit in. I have designed buildings, which are responding to qualities of place and which are creating a new senses of the area. The new town hall is symbol of local community.
2
Cojocaru, Victor. "Nová synagoga Teplice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355030.
Abstract:
The subject of this diploma project was to design an architectural proposal of The New Synagogue and Jewish Community Centre in Teplice, Czech Republic. The main goal was to design a complex of buildings which would be used not only for the worships but also for cultural and educational purposes. The proposal consists of the design of 3 buildings connected to each other by a cen-tral courtyard. The form is based on the traditional values set into contemporary de-sign shaped by demands of current generations. One of the main design elements - the beam structure above the courtyard implies a symbol of The Star of David as the symbol of Judaism as we know today. The building of New Synagogue represents the first, three storey building on the north part of plot. The second, east part, is building consisting of cultural centre, info centre, museum, gallery and spaces for workshops with it's technical and sanitary facilities. A Kosher Restaurant will be located into the third and last two-storey building. An undeground parking will be used by the staff and visitors of the whole complex.
3
Indruchová, Petra. "Radnice Brno – Sever." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216149.
Abstract:
The subject of this diploma thesis is a project of a new town hall for the district of Brno - sever. Current town hall is situated in the inconvenient building on the Bratislavská street and few decentralised offices are located in separate places. The project should solve current problems as well as to follow current trends in contemporary town hall design. Town halls of these days must cover many functions, not only the accommodation of local government, but also to be the actual centre of the town - the centre of culture, economy and services. The new town hall building is located on corner plot of land in the compound of old Brno Černá Pole barracks. The building provides leasable commercial units as well as office space for the municipal government.
4
Conway, Judith (Jude). "The Newcastle women’s movement in the 1970s and 1980s through the lens of Josephine Conway’s activism and archives." Thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1430745.
Abstract:
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)From the late 1960s, women in the Australian industrial city of Newcastle, New South Wales (NSW), joined women around the world in agitating for a broader role in all areas of society and Josephine Conway was one of those women. Josephine raised awareness of, and campaigned on, many of the feminist causes of the 1970s and 1980s. She was passionate about women’s healthcare, protested against women’s objectification in the media, and lobbied for legislation that offered legal parity for women. She fought never-ending battles for the right to legal and affordable pregnancy terminations; and campaigned for equal employment opportunities and the provision of childcare services. Josephine supported women’s activism in the peace movement and for women’s ordination; and was involved in the blossoming of feminist spirituality and creativity in Newcastle. Using Josephine’s extensive archives as a lens, supplemented with oral histories from campaign allies, the thesis explores their pathways to feminism and shared activism. It dissects the women’s groups which Josephine joined, and the modes of operation and relationships within them, as well as the actions that were carried out in pursuing their feminist causes. The themes that emerge are, first that Josephine’s role in the women’s movement was that of the ‘committed individual’ posited by Gerda Lerner as necessary for social change. Second, the thesis demonstrates the wide range and value of the macro and micro-actions undertaken by Josephine and her cohorts in mounting and maintaining effective campaigns. Third, this study reveals the web of relationships and the flow of ideas, tactics and artefacts along transnational and national feminist pathways, and between the capital cities and the regions, which were essential for bringing about nationwide change. In doing so it reveals an important regional story which has not previously been included in histories of the Australian women’s movement.
Book chapters on the topic "Highfield Hall Community Centre":
1
Herman, Clem. "Crossing the Digital Divide in a Women's Community ICT Centre." In Global Information Technologies, 2151–58. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-939-7.ch155.
Abstract:
This article examines the role of community-based training initiatives in enabling women to cross the so-called digital divide and become confident users of ICTs. Drawing on a case study of the Women’s Electronic Village Hall (WEVH) in Manchester, United Kingdom, one of the first such initiatives in Europe offering both skills training and Internet access to women, the article will illustrate the impact that community-based initiatives can have in challenging and changing prevailing gendered attitudes toward technology. Gendered constructions of technology in dominant discourse suggest that women must also cross an internal digital divide, involving a change in attitude and self–identification, before they can see themselves as technically competent. Learning about technology is intimately linked to learning about gender, and the performance of skills and tasks that are culturally identified as masculine can be an empowering step for women, successfully challenging preconceived gendered relationships with technology. The WEVH occupied a unique position, acting as a model for other women’s ICT initiatives and influencing the development and proliferation of other community-based ICT access projects. There were two main motivating forces behind its setting up in 1992. The first was a shared vision of the potential for ICTs to be used as a tool to combat social exclusion. The second was a feminist commitment to redressing the inequalities and underrepresentation of women in computing. Both these perspectives formed an important backdrop to the growth and development of the organisation and have continued to inform its strategic plans.
2
Herman, Clem. "Crossing the Digital Divide in a Women's Community ICT Centre." In Information Communication Technologies, 904–10. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-949-6.ch061.
Abstract:
This article examines the role of community-based training initiatives in enabling women to cross the so-called digital divide and become confident users of ICTs. Drawing on a case study of the Women’s Electronic Village Hall (WEVH) in Manchester, United Kingdom, one of the first such initiatives in Europe offering both skills training and Internet access to women, the article will illustrate the impact that community-based initiatives can have in challenging and changing prevailing gendered attitudes toward technology. Gendered constructions of technology in dominant discourse suggest that women must also cross an internal digital divide, involving a change in attitude and self–identification, before they can see themselves as technically competent. Learning about technology is intimately linked to learning about gender, and the performance of skills and tasks that are culturally identified as masculine can be an empowering step for women, successfully challenging preconceived gendered relationships with technology. The WEVH occupied a unique position, acting as a model for other women’s ICT initiatives and influencing the development and proliferation of other community-based ICT access projects. There were two main motivating forces behind its setting up in 1992. The first was a shared vision of the potential for ICTs to be used as a tool to combat social exclusion. The second was a feminist commitment to redressing the inequalities and underrepresentation of women in computing. Both these perspectives formed an important backdrop to the growth and development of the organisation and have continued to inform its strategic plans.
3
Flinn, Margaret C. "Julien Duvivier and inter-war ‘banlieutopia’." In Screening the Paris suburbs. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526106858.003.0006.
Abstract:
Idyllic or pastoral representations of the suburban milieu were not uncommon in the 1930s, yet even the most idealized sites explored by filmmakers were not unproblematic. The escape promised city-dwellers was temporary, and the possibility of establishing a productive micro-society free of the ills of urban centre and provincial village was limited by the vestiges of class structure and cultural allegiances. This chapter highlights social barriers to the construction of egalitarian human communities in two works by Julien Duvivier, the silent adaptation Au Bonheur des Dames (after Émile Zola, 1930) and the poetic realist La Belle Équipe (1936). Where the former title employs a bucolic waterside setting to underscore the perpetuation of class tensions that characterise urban life, the Popular Front-era La Belle Équipe allegorises the building of community through the workers’ construction of a suburban dance hall. It is less the protagonists’ failure or success that interests the author, than the metaphorization of community via architecture, and how emplotment and editing serve this utopic purpose.
4
Peters, Laura. "The Limits of the Human? Exhibiting Colonial Orphans in Victorian Culture." In Rereading Orphanhood, edited by Diane Warren and Laura Peters, 142–66. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474464369.003.0008.
Abstract:
On the 24th of June, 1848, the Examiner covered an exhibition in Egyptian Hall: one of many which exhibited indigenous peoples from around the world. It had at its centre two Bushman orphans, a fifteen year old boy and an eight year old girl described as: ‘pathetic elf-like creatures with triangular-shaped faces and slant eyes that gave them a foxy expression’ (p 403). People paid to see the orphans: they were a commodity. But their presence, exhibited alongside a baboon from the ‘MONKEY TRIBE’ from Port Natal, challenged the boundaries of humanity. Were these children human or were they the missing link? These questions were posed by the newly formed Ethnological Society and the paying public alike and more exhibits of orphan children followed. This chapter explores how the exhibited orphan child in Victorian times highlights the need for posthumanism to navigate issues of race and the historical legacy of racism. The orphan, at the intersection of contemporary discourses of race, science and childhood, spoke to emerging discourses of civilisation, racial superiority and the human/non-human/sub-human divide. As an exhibit, the orphan embodied the commodification of orphanhood and race which simultaneously challenged key mythologies of the family, kinship, community and humanity.
Conference papers on the topic "Highfield Hall Community Centre":
1
McIlveen-Wright, D. R., J. T. McMullan, and D. J. Guiney. "Some CHP Options for Wood-Fired Fuel Cells." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58023.
Abstract:
The possibility of integrating biomass gasifiers with fuel cells has already been explored and shown to offer a method for using renewable energy to generate electricity at a small scale. A preliminary study of applying such a system for use in an isolated community and for several selected buildings has been made and the results of these studies reported earlier. In this study wood gasification integrated with fuel cell (WGIFC) systems in CHP configurations for five building systems with different energy demand profiles, are assessed. These are a hospital, a hotel, a leisure centre, a multi-residential community and a university hall of residence. Heat and electricity use profiles for typical examples of these buildings were obtained and the WGIFC system scaled to the power demand. Detailed technical, environmental and economic analyses of each version are made, using the ECLIPSE process simulation package. Various factors influencing the economic viability of each application are examined and a sensitivity analysis for each system produced. The WGIFC system was modelled for two different types of fuel cell, the Molten Carbonate and the Phosphoric Acid. In each case an oxygen-fired gasification system is proposed, in order to eliminate the need for a methane reformer. Technical, environmental and economic analyses of each version were made, using ECLIPSE. Since fuel cell lifetimes are not yet precisely known, economics for a range of fuel cell lifetimes have been produced. While the wood-fired Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (WFPAFC) system was found to have low electrical efficiency (13–16%), the wood-fired Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (WFMCFC) system was found to be quite efficient for electricity generation (24 to 27%). Much of the waste heat could be recovered for the WFPAFC, so that the overall efficiency was 64 to 67%, and some waste heat, but potentially of higher grade, could be recovered by the WFMCFC to give an overall energy efficiency of 60 to 63%. The capital costs of both systems are still expected to be very high, but the examination of wood fuel prices, fuel cell costs, fuel cell lifetime and waste heat selling prices on the break-even selling price for electricity, as well as comparative sensitivity analyses, can help identify which other factors would have the main impacts on the system economics.