Relevant bibliographies by topics / Higher education aspirations

Academic literature on the topic 'Higher education aspirations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Higher education aspirations"

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Tzenis, Joanna A. "Campus Immersion: Supporting Youth Agency and Aspirations for Higher Education." Journal of Youth Development 13, no. 4 (December 14, 2018): 134–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2018.576.

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Encouraging aspirations for higher education among young people who are marginalized is a common youth program strategy for addressing educational and social disparities. However, data on educational attainment suggests that these aspirations often go unfulfilled and that there is a need for a different approach—one that more deeply considers the ways in which social context influences youth agency. Within this paper, I show that while marginalized youth have aspirations for higher education, they have fewer opportunities to take action to achieve them. Conceptually, this paper draws from Bourdieu’s concept of “habitus” and Sen’s capability approach in order to understand the aspirations for higher education among marginalized youth and how they can be supported through youth programs. A case from an overnight, campus-based youth program highlights how youth programs can support youths’ agentic abilities to achieve their aspirations. The findings from this study suggest that both future-planning activities and emulating student life prepared youth to navigate socio-cultural barriers to aspiration achievement. The presented findings offer insight into the nature of aspiring and have implications for how youth programs can be designed to effectively support agency and aspiration development among youth who have been marginalized.
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Sellar, Sam, Trevor Gale, and Stephen Parker. "Appreciating aspirations in Australian higher education." Cambridge Journal of Education 41, no. 1 (March 2011): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305764x.2010.549457.

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Horgan, Thomas R. "Higher education consortia: Raising aspirations through collaboration." New Directions for Philanthropic Fundraising 2003, no. 40 (2003): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pf.33.

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Steel, Beth, P. Chelladurai, and Barbara A. Brown. "Gender Differences in Managerial Aspirations and Potential among Physical Education and Non-Physical Education Students." Journal of Sport Psychology 9, no. 2 (March 1987): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsp.9.2.118.

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Gender differences in managerial aspirations and managerial potential have been advanced as possible explanations for the structuring of organizations along gender lines, with women concentrated in lower level jobs and under-represented in managerial positions. These hypothesized gender differences were examined in a sample of male and female physical education and non-physical education students. Analysis of variance results showed that the effects of gender, faculty, or their interaction on managerial aspirations were not significant. The main effects of aspiration level, faculty, and gender on the set of managerial potential variables were significant. Aspirants scored higher than nonaspirants on self-assurance, decisiveness, and need for dominance. Non-physical education students scored higher on need for dominance than did physical education students. Males were higher in need for autonomy and need for dominance, while females were higher in decisiveness.
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Morley, Louise. "African Higher Education: Researching Absences, Equalities and Aspirations." Research in Comparative and International Education 6, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/rcie.2011.6.4.341.

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Jaglarz, Ewa, and Jacek Sikorski. "EDUCATIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL ASPIRATIONS OF THE YOUTH INCLUSIVE CLASSES." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas w Sosnowcu. Pedagogika 22 (December 12, 2020): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5715.

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This article is an attempt to show the educational and professional aspirations students attending integration classes. The first part of the article focuses on the issues of aspiration and contains their basic definitions, demonstrates the types and conditions defining their development. The second part presents the methodology of own research and their results. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the young people shows aspirations relating to education and future professional work. In spite of the fact that the respondents are characterized by a varied attitude to schooling, most of them show the aspiration to obtain higher education. In addition to educational aspirations, the subjects also demonstrate their willingness to start working even during the planned studies. Work should be undemanding, with little responsibility calm, which would, however guarantee high earnings and satisfaction. The results of research on the aspirations and intentions of young people at the dawn of their adult life, from the point of view of counseling practice, may become an indispensable determinant of organizing and planning the further path of education.
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Lee, June Y., and Sheetal Patel. "Redefining Career Communities in Higher Education." International Journal of Higher Education 8, no. 5 (July 30, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v8n5p1.

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This study aims to revisit the understudied concept of career communities. Using mixed methods, this study assesses how university students define and characterize career communities compared to general communities. Based on our interviews (N=25) and survey (N=123), we formally define a career community more narrowly as a group of individuals who share similar career interests or aspirations where one can receive direct or indirect customized benefits through the exchange of knowledge, expertise, and resources. Theoretical and practical implications with future research opportunities have been recommended.
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Croll, Paul, and Gaynor Attwood. "Participation In Higher Education: Aspirations, Attainment And Social Background." British Journal of Educational Studies 61, no. 2 (June 2013): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071005.2013.787386.

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Schneider, Lynn. "Access and Aspirations: Syrian Refugees’ Experiences of Entering Higher Education in Germany." Research in Comparative and International Education 13, no. 3 (July 16, 2018): 457–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499918784764.

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Despite high educational aspirations amongst asylum seekers and refugees (ASRs), scholarship on international student migration and mobility commonly lacks insight deriving from forced migration research. Drawing on qualitative research concerned with Syrian ASRs’ educational aspirations and lived experiences regarding higher education access in Germany, this article speaks to the intersection of refugee and education politics. German Higher Education Institutions commonly subsume ASRs under the more general admission classification of “international students”. While an intentional blindness of the background of non-European Union students in the admission procedure is justified on the grounds of equal treatment, findings indicate that ASRs experience the disregard for their distinct struggles as particularly stifling and disillusioning. At the same time, an analysis of the symbolic significance young ASRs attribute to the student status suggests that educational aspirations are shaped by the prospect to “raise” one’s migration status and identity to that of international students.
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Dougherty, Kevin J., and Gregory S. Kienzl. "It's Not Enough to Get through the Open Door: Inequalities by Social Background in Transfer from Community Colleges to Four-Year Colleges." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 108, no. 3 (March 2006): 452–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810610800302.

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The growing policy interest in community colleges as gateways to the baccalaureate degree naturally raises the question of how equitably transfer opportunities are distributed by student background and what factors may explain background differences that might be found. We analyze two nationally representative data sets to examine how the likelihood of transfer is affected by social background, precollege academic characteristics, external demands at college entrance, and experiences during college. We find that high-SES students have significantly higher transfer rates, in part because of advantages in precollege academic preparation and educational aspirations. Older college entrants are much less likely to transfer than students entering college right out of high school, and a significant portion of this age gap is more often due to having children, lower educational aspirations, and a vocational major, and being enrolled part time. Though women and nonwhites differ from men and whites in transfer rates, these differences are not statistically significant. But there is an important caveat: blacks tend to have higher educational aspirations than whites of the same socioeconomic background. When we control for educational aspirations, thus removing this black aspirational advantage, the black-white gap in transfer rates widens considerably, becoming statistically significant in one of our samples but not the other.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Higher education aspirations"

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Aparicio, Elyzza M. "Examining Latina/o STEM degree aspirations." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1591621.

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This quantitative study examined the STEM degree aspirations of Latina/o students. Harper's (2010) Anti-Deficit Achievement framework on students of color in STEM was utilized to frame this study. Secondary data from the Cooperative Institutional Research Program's (CIRP), Freshman and Your First Year in College surveys were used to complete T-tests, correlations, and hierarchical regression analyses to explore gender differences in STEM degree aspirants and habits of mind among Latinas/os. Findings include probable major in STEM, faculty interaction, highest degree planned, academic self-concept and the habits of the mind CIRP construct were significant predictors of degree aspirations. Habits of the mind at the end of the first year in college were predicted by academic disengagement, positive cross-racial interactions, academic self-concept, and college involvement. Implications for STEM policy, student affairs practice and future research are discussed.

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Lipiz, Gonzalez Elaine M. "Professional school aspirations of first generation Latino transfer students." Thesis, California State University, Fullerton, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3581488.

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The low rate of Latino graduate and professional degree attainment is a problem for the Latinos who are not attaining high levels of education, for their families, for the institutions of higher education that suffer from a lack of diversity, and for the local, state, and federal governments that lose tax revenue from the potentially higher income levels earned by advanced degree graduates. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine the professional school aspirations of Latino community college transfer students at the University of California, Irvine who are first generation college students. This study investigated the influence of both community college and university experiences on the participants' advanced study goals and explored the interconnections between the participants' advanced study aspirations and their career development. To empower students of color and acknowledge their sources of cultural wealth, this study gave Latino community college transfer students who are first in their families to attend college an opportunity to tell their counterstories about their aspirations to pursue advanced study. Through semistructured, individual interviews with a sample of six Latina students, the following five theme emerged: (a) the importance of family, (b) required success: responsibility, pressure, and burden, (c) turning adversity into strength, (d) the role of mentors and peers, (e) career choice and advanced study decisions. The dissertation includes recommendations for policy, practice, and future research related to the findings.

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Oldman, Crystal Elizabeth. "The academic middle manager in higher education : perceptions and aspirations." Thesis, Open University, 2013. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54941/.

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This thesis examines the knowledge, skills and attributes required by middle managers in higher education institutions and the aspirations of academics to move to a management position. Taking a grounded theory approach to the design of the study and the analysis of the findings, 26 middle managers from three 'post 1992' universities in England were interviewed in depth about their positions and their views on the knowledge, skills and attributes required in delivering their roles. An illustrative model was developed from the analysis of the interview data to demonstrate the relationship between the elements identified in the study as essential in the delivery of the middle manager's role. The support and development needs of managers were identified along with the unexpected finding that managers from industry could enter higher education successfully with no prior experience of employment in the sector. In parallel with the interviews, the academic communities of the three universities were offered the opportunity to complete a survey to provide some contextual material on their perceptions of management in higher education and their aspirations to become managers in their future careers. The findings of the study are relevant to human resource departments and senior teams supporting recruitment to academic middle management posts and meeting the development needs of current middle managers.
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Shamsuri, Nurul Ashiqin. "THE CONTRIBUTION OF MALAYSIA’S HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM TOWARDS TN50 ASPIRATIONS." Thesis, Сучасна правова освіта: [матеріали VIІ Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції, Київ, Національний авіаційний університет, 23 лютого 2018 р.]. – Тернопіль: «Вектор», 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/32807.

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Zhao, Qian (Joy). "A study of factors affecting educational aspiration for selected students in China." Scholarly Commons, 2008. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2367.

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Higher education is considered significant in economic development of a country. In light of Bronfenbrenner's bio-ecological system model, this study is designed to study the factors that might influence higher education aspiration for the students living in Bazhou Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) of China. The results of this study find that the senior high school students living in this region have extraordinarily high aspiration, even when taking into account their Confucian culture. Not only do 95% of the participants aspire to college education after high school, but also 62% of them plan to attend graduate schools in addition to college education. The majority of the participants consider it important to obtain a foreign graduate degree from universities in America or Canada. The results report parents' expectations are the predominant influences on education aspiration along with factors such as parental education level, age, GPA, and family financial support. It is also notable that influential factors in previous studies like SES, peer advice, relatives, school advice, are not supported by the results from this study. Factors like favorite subject, least-liked subject, living location, and location of the available college are explored in this study for the first time in relation to education aspiration, and are found to not be important. The findings of this study add knowledge to understanding higher education aspiration in the context of China. The researcher highly recommends that China continue to expand its higher education access, especially in poorer or remote areas, to balance government control and market force, and to extend counseling to high schools. It implicates that US higher education institutions should take an active part in the process of China's higher education development for mutual benefit.
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Witmer, Miriam Marguerita Gomez. "Ethnically diverse education students' perceptions of mentoring| Implications for career aspirations and college success." Thesis, Temple University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3623319.

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Recruitment and retention of ethnically diverse students in college education preparation programs remains a difficult challenge for many colleges and universities across the United States. Low numbers of education majors yield low numbers of ethnically diverse teachers in the teaching workforce. According to 2010 data from the National Center of Education Statistics, African American students comprise about 16% of our public school students nationwide, but African American teachers only represent about 8% of the teaching workforce. While Asian students comprise 4.6% of the total public school population, only 1% of the teachers in American public schools are Asian (National Center of Education Statistics, 2010). Additionally, Latinos are expected to make up a third of the total U.S. school-age population (ages 3–17) by the year 2036, while Latino teachers represent only 14% of the teacher workforce (NCES, 2012).

Although college going rates for ethnically diverse students are increasing, many of those students are not choosing education as a major. Researchers have studied the perceptions ethnically diverse students have about teaching and have identified numerous barriers, such as: limited educational opportunities, more lucrative career options and standardized testing requirements (Madkins, 2011). Furthermore, Gordon's (1994) research points to not graduating from high school, negative experiences in school, lack of respect, teachers not being prepared for diversity, lack of support for college, lack of academic encouragement, racelessness, absence of role models of color, low status of the profession, too much education for the return, low pay, negative image, poor school conditions, having more opportunities elsewhere, and racism as contributing factors affecting students' decisions not to pursue a career in education. Graham and Erwin (2011) who studied African American boys discovered three themes: negative perceptions of teachers and teaching, perceptions of schools as oppressive institutions, and African American men are nonconformists. While these are all significant potential barriers to ethnically diverse students choosing careers in education, those ethnically diverse students who do choose to pursue teaching may be able to shed some light on the issue. Since much of the research focuses on the barriers and limitations ethnically diverse students face in our society, part of the purpose of this research is to highlight what is working for ethnically diverse students who are pursuing a career in education.

The purpose of this dissertation is to describe the factors that contribute to an ethnically diverse education major's career aspiration and college success. Since the disparity problem is multifaceted, I addressed historical, personal and social aspects that may impact the overall phenomenon, including: desegregation of teachers of color, students' experiences within the context of secondary schools, issues surrounding institutional racism, students' perceptions of teachers and teaching, college readiness, college recruitment and retention of teacher candidates, mentoring, personal motivations and identity development.

I endeavored to capture the rich stories of ethnically diverse college students' journeys to becoming a teacher and to understand what impact mentoring may have had on their career aspirations and college success. Results from this study can inform students, schools, and colleges and universities about the barriers and support systems that successful education majors of color report affect them. Since the primary focus is on the perceived effect of mentoring, the results may also provide insights regarding the retention of ethnically diverse students once they enroll in college.

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Evans, Sarah Louise. "Becoming Somebody : Higher Education and the Aspirations of Working-Class Girls." Thesis, University of Kent, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499721.

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Williams, Kristen K. "From aspirations to access the role of place in the facilitators of and barriers to postsecondary education attendance /." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/833.

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Vance, Leah K. "Family Influences on the Educational Aspirations of Female Youth in Appalachia." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cld_etds/15.

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Family support, both financial and social, can impact the educational aspirations of youth. Studies have shown gender also plays a role in those educational aspirations. While there has been some research done on the educational aspirations of youth in Appalachia, the research on female youth Appalachia is less explored. This study looks at the educational aspirations of female youth in Appalachia by surveying a group of young women who belong to the Robinson Scholars at the University of Kentucky. Participants completed a brief, one time survey answering questions about the types of social support received and the providers of that support. Preliminarily data supports the literature; in the absence of financial capital, social capital may be used to empower young women. The data also supports the idea that most females are impacted by their mothers’ influence more than other members of their family or community. Conclusions and discussions will include a plan for further research, as well as the implications for educators and students throughout Appalachia.
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Fregoso, Julio. "Through the pipeline| Degree aspirations of African American and Latino males enrolled in California community colleges." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1590911.

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This quantitative study examined the transfer and degree aspirations of African-American and Latino males enrolled in California community colleges. Carter's (2002) theoretical and conceptual framework on the degree aspirations of African-American and Latino students was utilized to frame this study. Using secondary data from CCSSE, t-tests, factor analyses and logistic regression analyses were completed to compare the experiences of African American and Latino males and predict their transfer and degree aspirations. Findings include that self-reported data on GPA, obtaining or updating job skills, changing careers, and institutional size were predictors of associate degree aspirations. For the outcome transfer aspirations, predictors were race, sources used to pay for their tuition, and experiences that contributed to their academic, cognitive, and technical skills at the community college. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

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Books on the topic "Higher education aspirations"

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Cosser, Michael. Settling for less: Student aspirations and higher education realities. Cape Town: HSRC, 2004.

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Victor, Thiessen, Looker E. Dianne, and Canada. Human Resources and Skills Development Canada. Learning Policy Directorate., eds. Aspirations of Canadian youth for higher education: Final report. [Gatineau, Québec]: Learning Policy Directorate, Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, 2004.

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Opheim, Vibeke. Innvandrerungdom og majoritetsungdom gjennom videregående til høyere utdanning: Utdanningsforløp, utdanningsaspirasjoner og realiserte utdanningsvalg. Oslo: NIFU, Norsk institutt for studier av forskning og utdanning, 2001.

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Wilson, Linda S. Beyond conservation and liberation: The education of our aspirations. Urbana, Ill: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1992.

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Frye, John H. The vision of the public junior college, 1900-1940: Professional goals and popular aspirations. New York: Greenwood Press, 1992.

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1944-, McCarthy Lucille Parkinson, ed. Whose goals? Whose aspirations?: Learning to teach underprepared writers across the curriculum. Logan: Utah State University Press, 2002.

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Rikowski, Glenn. Higher education aspirations: A study of two colleges in Birmingham : preliminary investigations : basic quantitative analysis. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, School of Education, 1997.

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Gardner, John A. Transition from high school to postsecondary education: Analytical studies. [Washington, D.C.?]: Center for Education Statistics, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Dept. of Education, 1987.

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Gardner, John A. Transition from high school to postsecondary education: Analytical studies. [Washington, D.C.?]: Center for Education Statistics, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Dept. of Education, 1987.

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Gardner, John A. Transition from high school to postsecondary education: Analytical studies. [Washington, D.C.?]: Center for Education Statistics, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Dept. of Education, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Higher education aspirations"

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O’Shea, Sarah. "Negotiating Embodied Aspirations." In Student Carers in Higher Education, 28–45. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003177104-3.

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Kumar, Arti. "Aspirations." In Personal, Social, Academic and Career Development in Higher Education, 235–61. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003126362-14.

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Sidhu, Ravinder, Kong Chong Ho, and Brenda Yeoh. "The Global Schoolhouse: Governing Singapore’s Knowledge Economy Aspirations." In Higher Education Dynamics, 255–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1500-4_13.

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Pham, Lien. "International Students’ Aspirations to Contribute to Socioeconomic Development in Vietnam." In Higher Education Dynamics, 177–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78492-2_10.

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Scandone, Berenice. "Career aspirations, expectations and pathways1." In British-Bangladeshi Women in Higher Education, 41–59. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003240938-3.

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Tambyah, Siok Kuan. "Reflections and Aspirations." In Student Growth and Development in New Higher Education Learning Spaces, 98–110. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003212843-7.

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Al-Dali, Waleed, Mohammed Fnais, and Ian Newbould. "Private Higher Education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Reality, Challenges and Aspirations." In Higher Education Dynamics, 127–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6321-0_12.

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Crosling, Glenda, Mien Wee Cheng, and Ruma Lopes. "Access to Post-secondary Education in Malaysia: Realities and Aspirations." In Access to Higher Education, 94–108. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-41190-7_8.

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Stahl, Garth, and Sarah McDonald. "Gender, class, and aspirations in higher education." In Gendering the First-in-Family Experience, 37–58. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003132844-4.

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Mkwananzi, Faith. "Higher Educational Aspirations Formation in Contexts of Disadvantage." In Higher Education, Youth and Migration in Contexts of Disadvantage, 95–127. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04453-4_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Higher education aspirations"

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Singai, Chetan, T. R. Kumaraswamy, and Ajay Chandra. "Reforming Higher Education in India: In Pursuit of Excellence." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11237.

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Higher education has emerged as one of the most critical factors for the Nation’s economic, political, social and cultural growth and development. Reforming the higher education sector has become an emergent norm across the globe, especially in the developing world. India is one such emerging nation, witnessing a major shift in its ideological, pragmatic and policy directions in the last few years. The higher education sector in India has witnessed unprecedented expansion. However, given the distinctive social-political-economic context and its complexity in India, expansion in higher education is often linked with ensuring equity and access. Whereas in the developed world, expansion is often associated with quality or excellence in higher education i.e. creating world-class universities. Further, excellence in higher education is arguably the most critical component for the survival, sustenance and growth of the sector. To this end, the paper examines the convergence and divergence in policies and practices related to the pursuit of excellence in higher education and its institutions in India vis-à-vis the dominant global reforms in higher education. Erstwhile policies related to quality in higher education and the current draft National Education Policy-2019, provide a reference to the local-distinctive strategies for seeking excellence at the systemic and the institutional level, with an aspiration for global reputation. For instance, National Institutional Ranking Framework, University Grants Commission’s graded autonomy, Institutional restructuring, National Accreditation and Assessment Council and Quacquarelli Symonds- India rating and so on. The paper also sets direction on how Local strategies for global aspirations could unpack a series of issues regarding the reforms in education and delineate in what ways that these emerging global reforms, strategies are effective and appropriate to the local higher education system and its institutions.
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McGrory, Marita Margarita. "Did the Bologna Process contribute to improving international students’ success rates in Germany’s HEIs? Twenty years of success rates in Germany: how the Bologna Process impacts on the success rates of International and German students." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11144.

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Low success rates are a thorn in the side of any Higher Education Institute (HEI). With increasing aspirations of attracting international students to Germany (HRK 2020), the international students’ success rates are worthy of a review. For it reflects on how internationalisation processes, such as the Bologna Process, impact on success rates and whether the changing structures attract international students. We used the German administrative data, covering twenty years, to create this cross-cohort analysis of student success rates. By creating a common finishing point-in-time, the combined success rates of diplom and bachelor students in mechanical engineering show that the synchronised success rates for the increasing number of international students are not just comparable, but better than those of the German students.
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Pellicer-Sifres, Victoria, Alejandra Boni, Monique Leivas Vargas, and Vania Wassel Antich. "Action Learning in the neighbourhood of Benicalap (Valencia): an innovative teaching and learning experience in an International Development Master." In Fourth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head18.2018.8224.

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This article aims to analyze an innovative teaching and learning experience carried out by the “Development Cooperation Master’s Degree” taught at the Politechnical University of València (UPV), Spain. During two weeks, the students of the Master carried out an Action Learning process in the neighborhood of Benicalap (Valencia), with the aim to explore how the housing conditions in the neighborhood influence on the youth’s learning and aspirations. The process was developed with the participation of three local organization. As outputs of this research, some proposals for improving the neighbourhood were presented to several actors from Benicalap. University exercised then a part of its social responsibility, moving lessons from the classroom to the street. In turn, UPV students acquired social and technical skills for their personal and professional development.
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Moosbrugger, Robert, and Dimitri Prandner. "Who is even studying journalism to become a journalist?" In Fourth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head18.2018.8047.

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The paper addresses the question why people are entering training programs which disseminate knowledge necessary for becoming part of the journalistic profession and how these motives go along with the intention to become a member of the profession. Therefore it draws on data collected among students in journalism related programs in Austria in 2015 (n=352) and tests the linkage between socioeconomic background of the students, their motives for entering a program and how these affect the intention to work in the field of journalism. Factor analysis allowed the identification of four main motives: political and social agency; employment driven; social benefits; and calling/talent. Results show that a) motives for entering a program differ according to the socioeconomic background of the respondents. And b) the intention to work in the field is higher if motives tied to the ideas of agency and calling are reported and lower if employment driven motives are predominant. This leads to the conclusion that the motivation of students to join the journalistic profession is deeply related to believes and normative aspirations of individuals.
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Prevett, Pauline Suzanne. "“Walking a tight rope”- a risky narrative of transition to University." In Third International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head17.2017.5490.

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The study of the transition of young people to university necessarily confronts the semi-dependency of the lives of contemporary youth: on the one hand they remain largely economically dependent and on the other they are becoming socially independent. We therefore seek to illuminate engagement with learning as situated in the midst of semi-dependency typical of adolescence, at a time in the life-cycle when typically young people experience a strong “pull” to socialise with peers, but have not yet become fully economically and socially adult. The paper examines the consequences of this contradiction on students’ transition to university, from the subjective experience of students as they transition to university. We suggest disengagement and even drop out from studies can arise from a contradiction between the students’ social and study (economic) domains. The dependency is not only economic, but is culturally mediated and may therefore be experienced by some students in more acute forms. Cultural aspirations and family expectations and ties can provide the impetus to succeed and so overcome the emotional challenges encountered, and these ties may help them walk a tight rope to success. Finally, we explore the consequences for policy and practice.
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Colthorpe, Kay, Harrison Gray, Hardy Ernst, and Louise Ainscough. "How authentic is it? Evaluating the products of an authentic assessment task." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9067.

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Authentic assessment tasks resemble activities that are practiced in the workforce. These tasks are valued because they represent what students wish to accomplish as professionals, positively influencing their aspirations and motivations by explicitly demonstrating relevance of assessment tasks. However, given the choice available to students in completing authentic tasks and novelty of outcomes, the products of such assessment may vary in authenticity. This study aimed to develop a method of evaluating authenticity in student assessment products. Second year occupational therapy students (n=59) completed a written factsheet assignment about a disease or condition. The students’ products were evaluated for authenticity using a novel rubric developed during the study. The results demonstrate that authenticity in the product of an authentic assessment task is measurable, but varies widely across a cohort, with most products demonstrating moderate to high authenticity. However, there was no correlation between authenticity and course grade. Neither was there a correlation between the grade for this authentic task and a verbal authentic task in another course. These findings suggest that students, at this stage of their education, may not yet have progressed from writing like a professional to acting like one.
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Squires, Vicki, Nancy Turner, Sandra Bassendowski, Jay Wilson, and Susan Bens. "Enhance, Extend, Empower: Understanding Faculty Use of E-Learning Technologies." In Third International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head17.2017.5508.

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There has been scant nation-wide assessment of institutional use of learning technology in Canada (Grant, 2016) and where assessment has been done of student access to e-resources, considerable variability within and across institutions has been reported (Kaznowska, Rogers, & Usher, 2011). With a broad goal of improved and increased use of learning technologies, one university wanted to explore the use of e-learning technologies across campus. The purpose of this study was to identify instructors' needs and aspirations with respect to how learning technologies at the university could be designed, implemented, and supported. The 3E framework of Enhance, Extend, Empower, proposed by Smyth, Burce, Fotheringham, & Mainka (2011), was useful in examining the underlying purposes of using e-learning technologies. For this qualitative study, the research team engaged 32 instructors in individual interviews or in focus groups to discuss how they currently use e-learning technologies, how they hope to advance their uses of these technologies, and their perceived barriers or enablers to implementation. The study has implications for practice and policy at postsecondary institutions; additionally, this study suggests possibilities for further research into the scholarship of teaching and learning in the context of e-learning technologies.
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Gore, Jennifer. "Emotional and Material Realities Shaping Young People's Higher Education Aspirations in Regional and Remote Australia." In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1444288.

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Qasim Daud Alamy, Ghassan. "Strategic vision and its relationship to continuous improvement of institutional performance - Field research at the Ministry of Higher Education." In 11th International Conference of Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges. University of Human Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/icearnc/7.

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The strategic vision occupies a key role in inspiring employees and unifying their aspirations in achieving the goals of the various educational institutions by relying on comprehensive strategic plans that include a vision, mission, broad goals and activities that contribute to the formulation of their scientific and educational strategies and support the sustainable competitive advantage of these institutions. The research aims to diagnose the extent of the administrative leaders’ interest in the strategic vision and its relationship to the performance of educational institutions and its dimensions represented in achieving its mission, ability, objectives and supporting its ability. The research sample consists of (83) individuals from the administrative leaders at the headquarters of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Baghdad. The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting information and data necessary to analyze the paragraphs of the research variables and to identify the reality of current operations and the culture of these institutions and the role of workers in guiding the processes of making strategic decisions and selecting appropriate development policies towards improving performance levels and lasting excellence.
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Qasim Daud Alamy, Ghassan. "Strategic vision and its relationship to continuous improvement of institutional performance - Field research at the Ministry of Higher Education." In 11th International Conference of Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges. University of Human Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/7.

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The strategic vision occupies a key role in inspiring employees and unifying their aspirations in achieving the goals of the various educational institutions by relying on comprehensive strategic plans that include a vision, mission, broad goals and activities that contribute to the formulation of their scientific and educational strategies and support the sustainable competitive advantage of these institutions. The research aims to diagnose the extent of the administrative leaders’ interest in the strategic vision and its relationship to the performance of educational institutions and its dimensions represented in achieving its mission, ability, objectives and supporting its ability. The research sample consists of (83) individuals from the administrative leaders at the headquarters of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Baghdad. The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting information and data necessary to analyze the paragraphs of the research variables and to identify the reality of current operations and the culture of these institutions and the role of workers in guiding the processes of making strategic decisions and selecting appropriate development policies towards improving performance levels and lasting excellence.
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Reports on the topic "Higher education aspirations"

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Bano, Masooda. Narratives of Success against the Odds: Why Some Children in State Schools Go Far in Life—Evidence from Pakistan. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/104.

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What makes some children succeed despite studying in failing education systems? Are these children exceptionally gifted, or do other psychological or sociological factors and family circumstances contribute to success? To address the learning crisis in state schools in developing countries, development agencies have primarily focused on identifying inputs that can improve state education provision. Yet, even from low-performing state schools, some children do manage to successfully complete primary and secondary education cycles, pursue higher education, and record upward social mobility, but we know very little about the factors that facilitate this success. This paper addresses this gap in the literature. Tracing life histories of successful alumni of state schools supported by CARE, an education foundation in Pakistan, this paper identifies children’s motivation to succeed as having a major impact on educational performance. However, for most this motivation is not a product of an innate desire to excel, it is a product of contextual factors: parental encouragement; an acute desire to make parents happy and to alleviate their sufferings; the company of friends, cousins, and peers who are keen on education and thus help to create an aspiring, competitive spirit; encouragement given by good teachers; and exposure to new possibilities and role models that raise aspirations by showing that what might appear to the child unachievable is in fact attainable. High motivation in turn builds commitment to work hard. Equally important, however, is the provision of financial support at critical points, especially when transitioning from secondary school to college and university. Without financial support, which could be in the form of scholarships, loans, or income from part-time work, at critical junctures, even highly motivated children in state schools cannot succeed. The paper thus argues that rather than being focused solely on education inputs, development agencies should also seek to explore and understand the factors that can motivate children in state schools to aim high and work hard to succeed.
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Bano, Masooda. Narratives of Success against the Odds: Why Some Children in State Schools Go Far in Life—Evidence from Pakistan. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/104.

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What makes some children succeed despite studying in failing education systems? Are these children exceptionally gifted, or do other psychological or sociological factors and family circumstances contribute to success? To address the learning crisis in state schools in developing countries, development agencies have primarily focused on identifying inputs that can improve state education provision. Yet, even from low-performing state schools, some children do manage to successfully complete primary and secondary education cycles, pursue higher education, and record upward social mobility, but we know very little about the factors that facilitate this success. This paper addresses this gap in the literature. Tracing life histories of successful alumni of state schools supported by CARE, an education foundation in Pakistan, this paper identifies children’s motivation to succeed as having a major impact on educational performance. However, for most this motivation is not a product of an innate desire to excel, it is a product of contextual factors: parental encouragement; an acute desire to make parents happy and to alleviate their sufferings; the company of friends, cousins, and peers who are keen on education and thus help to create an aspiring, competitive spirit; encouragement given by good teachers; and exposure to new possibilities and role models that raise aspirations by showing that what might appear to the child unachievable is in fact attainable. High motivation in turn builds commitment to work hard. Equally important, however, is the provision of financial support at critical points, especially when transitioning from secondary school to college and university. Without financial support, which could be in the form of scholarships, loans, or income from part-time work, at critical junctures, even highly motivated children in state schools cannot succeed. The paper thus argues that rather than being focused solely on education inputs, development agencies should also seek to explore and understand the factors that can motivate children in state schools to aim high and work hard to succeed.
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Rarasati, Niken, and Rezanti Putri Pramana. Giving Schools and Teachers Autonomy in Teacher Professional Development Under a Medium-Capability Education System. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2023/050.

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A mature teacher who continuously seeks improvement should be recognised as a professional who has autonomy in conducting their job and has the autonomy to engage in a professional community of practice (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010). In other words, teachers’ engagement in professional development activities should be driven by their own determination rather than extrinsic sources of motivation. In this context, teachers’ self-determination can be defined as a feeling of connectedness with their own aspirations or personal values, confidence in their ability to master new skills, and a sense of autonomy in planning their own professional development path (Stupnisky et al., 2018; Eyal and Roth, 2011; Ryan and Deci, 2000). Previous studies have shown the advantages of providing teachers with autonomy to determine personal and professional improvement. Bergmark (2020) found that giving teachers the opportunity to identify areas of improvement based on teaching experience expanded the ways they think and understand themselves as teachers and how they can improve their teaching. Teachers who plan their own improvement showed a higher level of curiosity in learning and trying out new things. Bergmark (2020) also shows that a continuous cycle of reflection and teaching improvement allows teachers to recognise that the perfect lesson does not exist. Hence, continuous reflection and improvement are needed to shape the lesson to meet various classroom contexts. Moreover, Cheon et al. (2018) found that increased teacher autonomy led to greater teaching efficacy and a greater tendency to adopt intrinsic (relative to extrinsic) instructional goals. In developed countries, teacher autonomy is present and has become part of teachers’ professional life and schools’ development plans. In Finland, for example, the government is responsible for providing resources and services that schools request, while school development and teachers’ professional learning are integrated into a day-to-day “experiment” performed collaboratively by teachers and principals (Niemi, 2015). This kind of experience gives teachers a sense of mastery and boosts their determination to continuously learn (Ryan and Deci, 2000). In low-performing countries, distributing autonomy of education quality improvement to schools and teachers negatively correlates with the countries’ education outcomes (Hanushek et al., 2011). This study also suggests that education outcome accountability and teacher capacity are necessary to ensure the provision of autonomy to improve education quality. However, to have teachers who can meet dynamic educational challenges through continuous learning, de Klerk & Barnett (2020) suggest that developing countries include programmes that could nurture teachers’ agency to learn in addition to the regular content and pedagogical-focused teacher training materials. Giving autonomy to teachers can be challenging in an environment where accountability or performance is measured by narrow considerations (teacher exam score, administrative completion, etc.). As is the case in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, teachers tend to attend training to meet performance evaluation administrative criteria rather than to address specific professional development needs (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). Generally, the focus of the training relies on what the government believes will benefit their teaching workforce. Teacher professional development (TPD) is merely an assignment for Jakarta teachers. Most teachers attend the training only to obtain attendance certificates that can be credited towards their additional performance allowance. Consequently, those teachers will only reproduce teaching practices that they have experienced or observed from their seniors. As in other similar professional development systems, improvement in teaching quality at schools is less likely to happen (Hargreaves, 2000). Most of the trainings were led by external experts or academics who did not interact with teachers on a day-to-day basis. This approach to professional development represents a top-down mechanism where teacher training was designed independently from teaching context and therefore appears to be overly abstract, unpractical, and not useful for teachers (Timperley, 2011). Moreover, the lack of relevancy between teacher training and teaching practice leads to teachers’ low ownership of the professional development process (Bergmark, 2020). More broadly, in the Jakarta education system, especially the public school system, autonomy was never given to schools and teachers prior to establishing the new TPD system in 2021. The system employed a top-down relationship between the local education agency, teacher training centres, principals, and teachers. Professional development plans were usually motivated by a low teacher competency score or budgeted teacher professional development programme. Guided by the scores, the training centres organised training that could address knowledge areas that most of Jakarta's teachers lack. In many cases, to fulfil the quota as planned in the budget, the local education agency and the training centres would instruct principals to assign two teachers to certain training without knowing their needs. Realizing that the system was not functioning, Jakarta’s local education agency decided to create a reform that gives more autonomy toward schools and teachers in determining teacher professional development plan. The new system has been piloted since November 2021. To maintain the balance between administrative evaluation and addressing professional development needs, the new initiative highlights the key role played by head teachers or principals. This is based on assumption that principals who have the opportunity to observe teaching practice closely could help teachers reflect and develop their professionalism. (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). As explained by the professional development case in Finland, leadership and collegial collaboration are also critical to shaping a school culture that could support the development of professional autonomy. The collective energies among teachers and the principal will also direct the teacher toward improving teaching, learning, and caring for students and parents (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010; Hargreaves, 2000). Thus, the new TPD system in Jakarta adopts the feature of collegial collaboration. This is considered as imperative in Jakarta where teachers used to be controlled and join a professional development activity due to external forces. Learning autonomy did not exist within themselves. Hence, teachers need a leader who can turn the "professional development regulation" into a culture at schools. The process will shape teachers to do professional development quite autonomously (Deci et al., 2001). In this case, a controlling leadership style will hinder teachers’ autonomous motivation. Instead, principals should articulate a clear vision, consider teachers' individual needs and aspirations, inspire, and support professional development activities (Eyal and Roth, 2011). This can also be called creating a professional culture at schools (Fullan, 1996). In this Note, we aim to understand how the schools and teachers respond to the new teacher professional development system. We compare experience and motivation of different characteristics of teachers.
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Kaffenberger, Michelle, Lant Pritchett, and Martina Viarengo. Towards a Right to Learn: Concepts and Measurement of Global Education Poverty. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/085.

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The idea that children have a “right to education” has been widely accepted since the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 (United Nations, 1948) and periodically reinforced since. The “right to education” has always, explicitly or implicitly, encompassed a “right to learn.” Measures of schooling alone, such as enrollment or grade attainment, without reference to skills, capabilities, and competencies acquired, are inadequate for defining education or education poverty. Because of education’s cumulative and dynamic nature, education poverty needs an “early” standard (e.g., Grade 3 or 4 or age 8 or 10) and a “late” standard (e.g., Grade 10 or 12 or ages 15 and older). Further, as with all international poverty definitions, there needs to be a low, extreme standard, which is found almost exclusively in low- and middle-income countries and can inform prioritization and action, and a higher “global” standard, against which even some children in high income countries would be considered education poor but which is considered a reasonable aspiration for all children. As assessed against any proposed standard, we show there is a massive learning crisis: students spend many years in school and yet do not reach an early standard of mastery of foundational skills nor do they reach any reasonable global minimum standard by the time they emerge from school. The overwhelming obstacle to addressing education poverty today is not enrollment/grade attainment nor inequality in learning achievement, but the fact that the typical learning profile is just too shallow for children to reach minimum standards.
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Schipper, Youdi, Isaac Mbiti, and Mauricio Romero. Designing and Testing a Scalable Teacher Incentive Programme in Tanzania. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2022/044.

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School participation in Tanzania has increased dramatically over the past two decades: primary school enrolment increased from 4.9 million in 2001 to 10.9 million in 2020. While 81 percent of primary-school-age children are currently enrolled, over the last ten years, the primary completion rate has dropped and remains below 70 percent since 2015 (data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics).1 Despite improvements in enrolment, indicators of foundational learning remain low. According to the 2020 report of the Standard Two National Assessment (STNA), conducted by the National Examinations Council of Tanzania (NECTA), in 2019 five percent of Grade 2 students pass the benchmark for reading proficiency (“Can correctly read exactly 50 words of the passage in one minute and with 80 percent or higher comprehension”). The report finds that 17 percent of students pass the benchmark (80 percent correct) of the addition and subtraction sub-tasks. These outcomes are not the result of students’ lack of academic aspiration: according to the RISE Tanzania baseline survey, 73 percent of Grade 2 and 3 students say they would like to complete secondary school or university. In a recent report, the Global Education Evidence Advisory Panel (World Bank, 2020) asked what programmes and policies are the most cost-effective instruments for addressing the learning crisis and improving learning for all children. The report creates three categories: the “great buys” category includes programmes that provide very low-cost but salient information on the benefits, costs, and quality of education. The “good buys” category includes programmes that provide structured pedagogy, instruction targeted by learning level, merit-based scholarships and pre-school interventions. Finally, the category “promising but low-evidence” includes teacher accountability and incentive reforms. KiuFunza, a teacher performance pay programme in Tanzania, fits this last category. KiuFunza (shorthand for Kiu ya Kujifunza or Thirst to Learn) provides test-score linked cash incentives to teachers in Grades 1, 2, and 3 to increase foundational literacy and numeracy outcomes for students. The programme is managed by Twaweza East Africa, a Civil Society Organization, and was set up to provide evidence on the impact of teacher incentives in a series of experimental evaluations. This note discusses the rationale for teacher incentives in Tanzania, the design elements of KiuFunza and preliminary results for the most recent phase of KiuFunza (this phase was implemented in 2019-2021 and the impact evaluation is part of the RISE Tanzania research agenda).
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Carney, Nancy, Tamara Cheney, Annette M. Totten, Rebecca Jungbauer, Matthew R. Neth, Chandler Weeks, Cynthia Davis-O'Reilly, et al. Prehospital Airway Management: A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer243.

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Objective. To assess the comparative benefits and harms across three airway management approaches (bag valve mask [BVM], supraglottic airway [SGA], and endotracheal intubation [ETI]) by emergency medical services in the prehospital setting, and how the benefits and harms differ based on patient characteristics, techniques, and devices. Data sources. We searched electronic citation databases (Ovid® MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus®) from 1990 to September 2020 and reference lists, and posted a Federal Register notice request for data. Review methods. Review methods followed Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center Program methods guidance. Using pre-established criteria, studies were selected and dual reviewed, data were abstracted, and studies were evaluated for risk of bias. Meta-analyses using profile-likelihood random effects models were conducted when data were available from studies reporting on similar outcomes, with analyses stratified by study design, emergency type, and age. We qualitatively synthesized results when meta-analysis was not indicated. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed for primary outcomes (survival, neurological function, return of spontaneous circulation [ROSC], and successful advanced airway insertion [for SGA and ETI only]). Results. We included 99 studies (22 randomized controlled trials and 77 observational studies) involving 630,397 patients. Overall, we found few differences in primary outcomes when airway management approaches were compared. • For survival, there was moderate SOE for findings of no difference for BVM versus ETI in adult and mixed-age cardiac arrest patients. There was low SOE for no difference in these patients for BVM versus SGA and SGA versus ETI. There was low SOE for all three comparisons in pediatric cardiac arrest patients, and low SOE in adult trauma patients when BVM was compared with ETI. • For neurological function, there was moderate SOE for no difference for BVM compared with ETI in adults with cardiac arrest. There was low SOE for no difference in pediatric cardiac arrest for BVM versus ETI and SGA versus ETI. In adults with cardiac arrest, neurological function was better for BVM and ETI compared with SGA (both low SOE). • ROSC was applicable only in cardiac arrest. For adults, there was low SOE that ROSC was more frequent with SGA compared with ETI, and no difference for BVM versus SGA or BVM versus ETI. In pediatric patients there was low SOE of no difference for BVM versus ETI and SGA versus ETI. • For successful advanced airway insertion, low SOE supported better first-pass success with SGA in adult and pediatric cardiac arrest patients and adult patients in studies that mixed emergency types. Low SOE also supported no difference for first-pass success in adult medical patients. For overall success, there was moderate SOE of no difference for adults with cardiac arrest, medical, and mixed emergency types. • While harms were not always measured or reported, moderate SOE supported all available findings. There were no differences in harms for BVM versus SGA or ETI. When SGA was compared with ETI, there were no differences for aspiration, oral/airway trauma, and regurgitation; SGA was better for multiple insertion attempts; and ETI was better for inadequate ventilation. Conclusions. The most common findings, across emergency types and age groups, were of no differences in primary outcomes when prehospital airway management approaches were compared. As most of the included studies were observational, these findings may reflect study design and methodological limitations. Due to the dynamic nature of the prehospital environment, the results are susceptible to indication and survival biases as well as confounding; however, the current evidence does not favor more invasive airway approaches. No conclusion was supported by high SOE for any comparison and patient group. This supports the need for high-quality randomized controlled trials designed to account for the variability and dynamic nature of prehospital airway management to advance and inform clinical practice as well as emergency medical services education and policy, and to improve patient-centered outcomes.
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