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Journal articles on the topic 'High Quality Semiconductor Nanocrystals'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2023

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1

Alivisatos, A. Paul. "Semiconductor Nanocrystals." MRS Bulletin 20, no. 8 (August 1995): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400045073.

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The following is an edited transcript of the presentation given by A. Paul Alivisatos, recipient of the Outstanding Young Investigator Award, at the 1995 MRS Spring Meeting in San Francisco.The work I will describe on semiconductor nanocrystals started with the realization that it is possible to precipitate a semiconductor out of an organic liquid. We can precipitate out a semiconductor as a colloid—a very small-sized semiconductor with reduced dimensionality—that will show large, quantum size effects. A dream at that time was to make an electronic material by such a process in a liquid beaker, by starting with an organic fluid and somehow injecting something into the fluid to make very small particles, which we could use in electronics. The materials we use in electronics today have perfect crystalline order. We are able to put in dopants very specifically, or control precisely their arrangements in space in enormously complicated ways. The level of purity of electronic materials is so high that making an electronic material in a wet chemistry approach seems almost impossible. If, in addition, we specify that the size must be controlled precisely, we recognize the project is a problem for basic research, yet not one ready for applications. Many fundamental problems arise if we try to make semiconductor particles, in a liquid, of such high quality that they can be used as electronic materials.

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2

Peng, Xiaogang. "Green Chemical Approaches toward High-Quality Semiconductor Nanocrystals." Chemistry - A European Journal 8, no. 2 (January 18, 2002): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3765(20020118)8:2<334::aid-chem334>3.0.co;2-t.

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3

Ding, Yong Ling, Hua Dong Sun, Kang Ning Sun, and Fu Tian Liu. "Water-Based Route to Synthesis of High-Quality UV-Blue Photoluminescing ZnSe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots and their Physicochemical Characterization." Key Engineering Materials 680 (February 2016): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.680.553.

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Epitaxially overgrowing a semiconductor material with higher bandgap around the QDs has proven to be a crucial approach for improving the PL efficiency and stability of nanocrystals. In this paper, a ZnS shell was deposited around ZnSe nanocrystal cores via a noninjection approach in aqueous media. The deposition procedure conducted at 100°C in a reaction flask in the presence of the shell precursor compounds, together with the crude ZnSe nanocrystal cores and the thiol ligand glutathione. The influences of various experimental variables, including the reaction time, amount of thiourea, as well as pH value, on the growth rate and luminescent properties of the obtained core/shell nanocrystals have been systematically investigated. In comparison with the original ZnSe nanocrystals, the PL efficiency of the obtained ZnSe/ZnS core/shell nanostructures can be improved significantly with a QY up to 62.8%.

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4

Amirav, Lilac, and Efrat Lifshitz. "Thermospray: A Method for Producing High Quality Semiconductor Nanocrystals." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 112, no. 34 (August 2008): 13105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp801651g.

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5

Peng, Xiaogang. "ChemInform Abstract: Green Chemical Approaches Toward High-Quality Semiconductor Nanocrystals." ChemInform 33, no. 17 (May 22, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200217243.

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6

Cheng, Oscar Hsu-Cheng, Tian Qiao, Matthew Sheldon, and Dong Hee Son. "Size- and temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra of strongly confined CsPbBr3 quantum dots." Nanoscale 12, no. 24 (2020): 13113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr02711a.

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Lead-halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are receiving much attention as a potential high-quality source of photons due to their superior luminescence properties in comparison to other semiconductor NCs.

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7

Erdem, Talha, and Hilmi Volkan Demir. "Colloidal nanocrystals for quality lighting and displays: milestones and recent developments." Nanophotonics 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 74–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2016-0009.

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AbstractRecent advances in colloidal synthesis of nanocrystals have enabled high-quality high-efficiency light-emitting diodes, displays with significantly broader color gamut, and optically-pumped lasers spanning the whole visible regime. Here we review these colloidal platforms covering the milestone studies together with recent developments. In the review, we focus on the devices made of colloidal quantum dots (nanocrystals), colloidal quantum rods (nanorods), and colloidal quantum wells (nanoplatelets) as well as those of solution processed perovskites and phosphor nanocrystals. The review starts with an introduction to colloidal nanocrystal photonics emphasizing the importance of colloidal materials for light-emitting devices. Subsequently,we continue with the summary of important reports on light-emitting diodes, in which colloids are used as the color converters and then as the emissive layers in electroluminescent devices. Also,we review the developments in color enrichment and electroluminescent displays. Next, we present a summary of important reports on the lasing of colloidal semiconductors. Finally, we summarize and conclude the review presenting a future outlook.

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8

Ji, Muwei, Meng Xu, Jun Zhang, Jiajia Liu, and Jiatao Zhang. "Aqueous oxidation reaction enabled layer-by-layer corrosion of semiconductor nanoplates into single-crystalline 2D nanocrystals with single layer accuracy and ionic surface capping." Chemical Communications 52, no. 16 (2016): 3426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc09732k.

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A controllable aqueous oxidation reaction enabled layer-by-layer corrosion has been proposed to prepare high-quality two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor nanocrystals with single layer accuracy and well-retained hexagonal shapes.

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9

Ali, Haydar, Santu Ghosh, and Nikhil R. Jana. "Biomolecule-derived Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticle as Bioimaging Probe." MRS Advances 3, no. 15-16 (2018): 779–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.80.

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ABSTRACTNanomaterials have broad application potential in biomedical and environmental science. Engineered nanomaterials are required to explore such potential. Among them carbon-based fluorescent nanoparticles offer promising alternative of conventionally used semiconductor nanocrystals, as they do not have heavy metals and associated toxicity issues. We are developing synthetic methods for high quality fluorescent carbon nanoparticle, suitable for biological staining and diagnostics. Here we focus on synthesis of fluorescent carbon nanoparticle from biomolecules, exploiting the conventionally used nucleation-growth conditions for synthesis of high quality nanocrystals such as quantum dot and metal oxides. We have shown that high quality fluorescent carbon nanoparticle can be synthesized from folic acid, riboflavin and lactose and they can be used as non-toxic bio-imaging probe.

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10

Xu, Rong Hui, Jiu Ba Wen, and Feng Zhang Ren. "Synthesis of CdS/CdCO₃ Core/Shell Structural Nanocrystals Potentially Used for Solar Cell via Hydrothermal Route." Applied Mechanics and Materials 79 (July 2011): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.79.7.

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Synthesis of CdS/CdCO3Core/Shell semiconductor nanocrystals potentially used for solar cell via hydrothermal route is presented. Water-soluble crystallites with wurtzite crystal structure (CdS), hexagonal structure (CdCO3) with strong photoluminescence are prepared. The synthesis is based on the separation of the nucleation and growth stages of core and shell by controlling some crucial factors such as temperature, pH, ratio and concentration of reactant mixture. Bare wurtzite structural CdS nanocrystallites were synthesized by using cadmium acetate and thiourea as precursors. Ostwald ripening process under high temperature leads to high sample quality. Photoluminescence of nanocrystals with Core/Shell Structure and bare nanocrystals was compared and analysed. Nanocrystals with Core/Shell Structure have stabler performance of photoluminescence than CdS bare nanocrystallites because of the shell. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction indicate the presence of bulk structural properties in crystallites as small as 5nm in diameter. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy was used to characterize core/shell structure of as-prepared NCs. Ultra-stability and super strong photoluminescence emission of as-prepared CdS/CdCO3Core/Shell semiconductor nanocrystallites indicates its potentially practical value in NCs solar cell.

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Liu, Yan, Qihui Shen, Dongdong Yu, Weiguang Shi, Jixue Li, Jianguang Zhou, and Xiaoyang Liu. "A facile and green preparation of high-quality CdTe semiconductor nanocrystals at room temperature." Nanotechnology 19, no. 24 (May 9, 2008): 245601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/19/24/245601.

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Erdem, Talha, and Hilmi Volkan Demir. "Color-Enrichment Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Biorhythm-Friendly Backlighting." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 232, no. 9-11 (August 28, 2018): 1457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2018-1134.

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Abstract Nanocrystals (NCs) offer great opportunities for developing novel light-emitting devices possessing superior properties such as high quality indoor lighting, efficient outdoor lighting, and display backlighting with increased color definition. The narrow-band emission spectra of these materials also offer opportunities to protect the human daily biological rhythm against the adverse effects of display backlighting. For this purpose, here we address this problem using color converting NCs and analyzed the effect of the NC integrated color converting light-emitting diode (NC LED) backlight spectra on the human circadian rhythm. We employed the three existing models including the circadian light, the melanopic sensitivity function, and the circadian effect factor by simultaneously satisfying the National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) requirements. The results show that NC LED backlighting exhibits (i) 33% less disruption on the circadian cycle if the same color gamut of the commercially available YAG:Ce LED is targeted and (ii) 34% wider color gamut while causing 4.1% weaker disruption on the circadian rhythm compared to YAG:Ce LED backlight if the NTSC color gamut is fully reproduced. Furthermore, we found out that blue and green emission peaks have to be located at 465 with 30 nm bandwidth and at 535 nm with 20 nm bandwidth, respectively, for a circadian rhythm friendly design while the red component offers flexibility around the peak emission wavelength at 636 nm as opposed to the requirements of quality indoor lighting. These design considerations introduced as a new design perspective for the displays of future will help avoiding the disruption of the human circadian rhythm.

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13

Winterton, Jeffrey D., David R. Myers, Julian M. Lippmann, Albert P. Pisano, and Fiona M. Doyle. "A novel continuous microfluidic reactor design for the controlled production of high-quality semiconductor nanocrystals." Journal of Nanoparticle Research 10, no. 6 (January 11, 2008): 893–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-007-9345-0.

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14

Zheng, Xinliang, Juan Feng, Jiarui Zhang, Hongna Xing, Jiming Zheng, Mingzi Wang, Yan Zong, Jintao Bai, and Xinghua Li. "Anomalous Ferromagnetism and Electron Microscopy Characterization of High-Quality Neodymium Oxychlorides Nanocrystals." Nano 11, no. 03 (March 2016): 1650034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179329201650034x.

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High-quality neodymium oxychlorides nanocrystals with cubic shape were synthesized by a nonhydrolytic thermolysis route. The morphology and crystal structure of the neodymium oxychlorides nanocubes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy at the nanoscale. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) image shows that the neodymium oxychlorides nanocrystals are nearly monodispersed with cube-like shape. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns of numerous neodymium oxychlorides nanocubes suggest a pure crystal phase with tetragonal PbFCl matlockite structure. HRTEM image of individual neodymium oxychlorides nanocubes indicate that each nanocubes have a single-crystalline nature with high quality. Unlike the anti-ferromagnetism of the bulk, the neodymium oxychlorides nanocubes show clearly anomalous ferromagnetic characteristic at room temperature. This finding provides a new platform for the exploration of diluted magnetic semiconductors, rare earth-based nanomaterials and so on.

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15

Xie, Renguo, Michael Rutherford, and Xiaogang Peng. "Formation of High-Quality I−III−VI Semiconductor Nanocrystals by Tuning Relative Reactivity of Cationic Precursors." Journal of the American Chemical Society 131, no. 15 (April 22, 2009): 5691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja9005767.

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16

Guo, Yating, Feng Gao, Pan Huang, Rong Wu, Wanying Gu, Jing Wei, Fangze Liu, and Hongbo Li. "Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Two-Dimensional Nanoplatelets." Energy Material Advances 2022 (February 7, 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9857943.

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Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) attract significant interest in recent years due to their narrow and tunable emission wavelength in the visible range, as well as high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), which are highly desired in display technologies. The high-quality NCs have been recognized as vital luminescent materials in realizing next-generation display devices. With further development, NCs with near-unity PLQY have been successfully synthesized through engineering of the core/shell heterostructure. However, as the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the nanocrystal light-emitting diodes (LEDs) approaches the theoretical limit of about 20%, the low out-coupling factor proposes a challenge of enhancing the performance of a device when using the spherical QDs. Hence, the anisotropic NCs like nanoplatelets (NPLs) are proposed as promising solutions to improve the performance of nanocrystal LEDs. In this review, we will summarize the synthetic strategies of two-dimensional (2D) NPLs at first. Then, we will introduce fundamental concepts of LEDs, the main approaches to realize LEDs based on nanoplatelets, and the recent progress. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of LEDs based on anisotropic NCs are also presented.

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17

Hou, Mingyue, Zhaohua Zhou, Ao Xu, Kening Xiao, Jiakun Li, Donghuan Qin, Wei Xu, and Lintao Hou. "Synthesis of Group II-VI Semiconductor Nanocrystals via Phosphine Free Method and Their Application in Solution Processed Photovoltaic Devices." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 2071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082071.

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Solution-processed CdTe semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have exhibited astonishing potential in fabricating low-cost, low materials consumption and highly efficient photovoltaic devices. However, most of the conventional CdTe NCs reported are synthesized through high temperature microemulsion method with high toxic trioctylphosphine tellurite (TOP-Te) or tributylphosphine tellurite (TBP-Te) as tellurium precursor. These hazardous substances used in the fabrication process of CdTe NCs are drawing them back from further application. Herein, we report a phosphine-free method for synthesizing group II-VI semiconductor NCs with alkyl amine and alkyl acid as ligands. Based on various characterizations like UV-vis absorption (UV), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), among others, the properties of the as-synthesized CdS, CdSe, and CdTe NCs are determined. High-quality semiconductor NCs with easily controlled size and morphology could be fabricated through this phosphine-free method. To further investigate its potential to industrial application, NCs solar cells with device configuration of ITO/ZnO/CdSe/CdTe/Au and ITO/ZnO/CdS/CdTe/Au are fabricated based on NCs synthesized by this method. By optimizing the device fabrication conditions, the champion device exhibited power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.28%. This research paves the way for industrial production of low-cost and environmentally friendly NCs photovoltaic devices.

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18

Yu, W. William, and Xiaogang Peng. "Formation of High-Quality CdS and Other II-VI Semiconductor Nanocrystals in Noncoordinating Solvents: Tunable Reactivity of Monomers." Angewandte Chemie 114, no. 13 (July 3, 2002): 2474–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3757(20020703)114:13<2474::aid-ange2474>3.0.co;2-#.

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19

Yu, W. William, and Xiaogang Peng. "Formation of High-Quality CdS and Other II–VI Semiconductor Nanocrystals in Noncoordinating Solvents: Tunable Reactivity of Monomers." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 46, no. 15 (April 2, 2007): 2559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200790059.

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20

Yu, W. William, and Xiaogang Peng. "Formation of High-Quality CdS and Other II-VI Semiconductor Nanocrystals in Noncoordinating Solvents: Tunable Reactivity of Monomers." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 41, no. 13 (July 3, 2002): 2368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20020703)41:13<2368::aid-anie2368>3.0.co;2-g.

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21

Yu, W. William, and Xiaogang Peng. "Formation of High-Quality CdS and Other II-VI Semiconductor Nanocrystals in Noncoordinating Solvents: Tunable Reactivity of Monomers." Angewandte Chemie 119, no. 15 (March 23, 2007): 2611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.200790059.

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22

Tang, Kangjian, Jianan Zhang, Wenfu Yan, Zhonghua Li, Yangdong Wang, Weimin Yang, Zaiku Xie, Taolei Sun, and Harald Fuchs. "One-Step Controllable Synthesis for High-Quality Ultrafine Metal Oxide Semiconductor Nanocrystals via a Separated Two-Phase Hydrolysis Reaction." Journal of the American Chemical Society 130, no. 8 (February 2008): 2676–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0778702.

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23

Mittova, Irina Ya, Boris V. Sladkopevtsev, and Valentina O. Mittova. "Nanoscale semiconductor and dielectric films and magnetic nanocrystals – new directions of development of the scientific school of Ya. A. Ugai “Solid state chemistry and semiconductors”. Review." Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 23, no. 3 (August 17, 2021): 309–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2021.23/3524.

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New directions of development of the scientific school of Yakov Aleksandrovich Ugai “Solid state chemistry and semiconductors” were considered for the direction “Study of semiconductors and nanostructured functional films based on them”, supervised by I. Ya. Mittova. The study of students and followers of the scientific school of Ya. A. Ugai cover materials science topics in the field of solid-state chemistry and inorganic and physical chemistry. At the present stage of research, the emphasis is being placed precisely on nanoscale objects, since in these objects the main mechanisms of modern solid-state chemistry are most clearly revealed: the methods of synthesis - composition - structure (degree of dispersion) - properties. Under the guidance of Professor I. Ya. Mittova DSc (Chem.), research in two key areas is conducted:“Nanoscale semiconductor and dielectric films” and “Doped and undoped nanocrystalline ferrites”. In the first area, the problem of creating high-quality semiconductor and dielectric nanoscale films on AIIIBV by the effect reasonably selected chemostimulators on the process of thermal oxidation of semiconductors and/or directed modification of the composition and properties of the films. They present the specific results achieved to date, reflecting the positive effect of chemostimulators and modifiers on the rate of formation of dielectric and semiconductor films of the nanoscale thickness range and their functional characteristics, which are promising for practical applications.Nanomaterials based on yttrium and lanthanum orthoferrites with a perovskite structure have unique magnetic, optical, and catalytic properties. The use of various approaches to their synthesis and doping allowing to control the structure and properties in a wide range. In the field of magnetic nanocrystals under the supervision of Prof. I. Ya. Mittova studies of the effect of a doping impurity on the composition, structure, and properties of nanoparticles of yttrium and lanthanum orthoferrites by replacing the Y(La)3+ and Fe3+ cations are carried out. In the Socialist Republic of Vietnam one of the talented students of Prof. I. Ya. Mittova, Nguyen Anh Tien, performs studies in this area. To date, new methods for the synthesis ofnanocrystals of doped and undoped ferrites, including ferrites of neodymium, praseodymium, holmium, etc. have been developed.

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24

Song, Jing, Xiaoxia Xu, Jihuai Wu, and Zhang Lan. "Low-temperature solution-processing high quality Nb-doped SnO2 nanocrystals-based electron transport layers for efficient planar perovskite solar cells." Functional Materials Letters 12, no. 01 (January 21, 2019): 1850091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604718500911.

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Low-temperature solution-processing method is a kind of low-energy-consuming and simple methodology for preparing cost-effective planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To achieve high-effciency planar PSCs, the quality of electron-transporting layers (ETLs) play a key role. The solvothermal-synthesized organic ligands capped semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) not only have high crystallinity but also show excellent film-formation. Nevertheless, the biggest problem is that these organic ligands will form insulating barriers around the NCs, which will seriously hinder electronic coupling and limit performance of the corresponding devices. Therefore, the stripping treatment for organic ligands, which is not only complex but also has destructive influence on the quality of films, is traditionally used for achieving good performance. Here, we select high crystalline oleic acid-capped SnO2 NCs to prepare ETLs with low-temperature solution-processed methodology without complex ligand stripping step. We use Nb[Formula: see text] doping route to further enhance photovoltaic performance of the planar PSCs. The champion PSC based on Nb-doped SnO2 NCs ETL achieves a power conversion efficiency of 20.07%.

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25

Xie, Sihang, Xueqi Li, Yasi Jiang, Rourou Yang, Muyi Fu, Wanwan Li, Yiyang Pan, Donghuan Qin, Wei Xu, and Lintao Hou. "Recent Progress in Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Solution-Processed Organic and Semiconductor Nanocrystal: Perspectives on Device Design." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 22, 2020): 4285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124285.

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Solution-processed hybrid solar cells have been well developed in the last twenty years due to the advantages of low cost, low material-consuming and simple fabricating technology. However, the performance, stability and film quality of hybrid solar cells need to be further improved for future commercial application (with a lifetime up to 20 years and power conversion efficiency higher than 15%). By combining the merits of organic polymers and nanocrystals (NC), the reasonable design of interface engineering and device architecture, the performance coupled with stability of hybrid solar cells can be significantly improved. This review gives a brief conclusive introduction to the progress on solution-processed organic/inorganic semiconductor hybrid solar cells, including a summary of the development of hybrid solar cells in recent years, the strategy of hybrid solar cells with different structures and the incorporation of new organic hole transport materials with new insight into device processing for high efficiency. This paper also puts forward some suggestions and guidance for the future development of high-performance NC-based photovoltaics.

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26

LI, WENJIANG, MINGRUI WANG, FEI XIE, SHA ZHU, and YUE ZHAO. "SYNTHESIS OF NANOCRYSTALLINE CdS QUANTUM DOTS VIA PARAFFIN LIQUID AS SOLVENT AND OLEIC ACID AS THE REACTING MEDIA." International Journal of Nanoscience 11, no. 06 (December 2012): 1240038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x12400388.

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Fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals have been widely used as fluorescent materials in chemical sensors, biotechnology, medical diagnostics, biological imaging and many other fields. Compared to the conventional organic fluorophores, the inorganic quantum dots (QDs) have many advantages, including broad absorption spectra, narrow emission spectra, good photostability and long fluorescent lifetime after excitation. Here, the high quality CdS QDs were synthesized directly from sulfur and CdO using the paraffin liquid as solvent and the oleic acid as the reacting media. The synthesized CdS QDs with a zinc blende (cubic) crystal structure were proved by X-ray diffraction. HRTEM observation revealed that the CdS QDs were uniform and the average grain size was about 4 nm. The optical properties of the CdS QDs were characterized by using photoluminescence (PL) spectrophotometer and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrophotometer. The formation mechanism of CdS QDs in the paraffin liquid and oleic acid system was proposed.

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Kortshagen, Uwe, Rebeccah Anthony, Ryan Gresback, Zachary Holman, Rebekah Ligman, Chin-Yi Liu, Lorenzo Mangolini, and Stephen A. Campbell. "Plasma synthesis of group IV quantum dots for luminescence and photovoltaic applications." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 9 (January 1, 2008): 1901–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880091901.

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The unique ability of nonthermal plasmas to form high-quality nanocrystals (NCs) of covalently bonded semiconductors, including the group IV elements silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge), has been extensively demonstrated over the past few years. Recently, plasma processing was also extended to the surface functionalization of NCs, imparting further functionalities to plasma-produced NCs such as solution-processability or the passivation of electronic surface states. This paper focuses on the synthesis and surface functionalization of Si- and Ge-NCs, and on their application in luminescent and photovoltaic devices.

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Ra, Yong-Ho, Roksana Tonny Rashid, Xianhe Liu, Sharif Md Sadaf, Kishwar Mashooq, and Zetian Mi. "An electrically pumped surface-emitting semiconductor green laser." Science Advances 6, no. 1 (January 2020): eaav7523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav7523.

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Surface-emitting semiconductor lasers have been widely used in data communications, sensing, and recently in Face ID and augmented reality glasses. Here, we report the first achievement of an all-epitaxial, distributed Bragg reflector (DBR)–free electrically injected surface-emitting green laser by exploiting the photonic band edge modes formed in dislocation-free gallium nitride nanocrystal arrays, instead of using conventional DBRs. The device operates at ~523 nm and exhibits a threshold current of ~400 A/cm2, which is over one order of magnitude lower compared to previously reported blue laser diodes. Our studies open a new paradigm for developing low-threshold surface-emitting laser diodes from the ultraviolet to the deep visible (~200 to 600 nm), wherein the device performance is no longer limited by the lack of high-quality DBRs, large lattice mismatch, and substrate availability.

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29

Adam, Marcus, Zhiyu Wang, Aliaksei Dubavik, Gordon M. Stachowski, Christian Meerbach, Zeliha Soran-Erdem, Christin Rengers, Hilmi Volkan Demir, Nikolai Gaponik, and Alexander Eychmüller. "Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Liquid-Liquid Diffusion-Assisted Crystallization: A Fast and Versatile Approach Toward High Quality Mixed Quantum Dot-Salt Crystals (Adv. Funct. Mater. 18/2015)." Advanced Functional Materials 25, no. 18 (May 2015): 2783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201570123.

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30

LI, JUNWEI, YANG JIANG, YUGANG ZHANG, DI WU, ANQI LUO, and ZHONGPING ZHANG. "AQUEOUS SYNTHESIS OF HIGH QUANTUM YIELD AND MONODISPERSED THIOL-CAPPED CdxZn1-xTe QUANTUM DOTS BASED ON ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD." Nano 07, no. 02 (April 2012): 1250011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292012500117.

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A facile green approach has been developed to control the growth regime in the aqueous synthesis of CdxZn1-xTe semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) based on the electrochemistry method. The Low growth temperature and slow injection of Te precursor are used to prolong the diffusion controlled stage and thus suppress Ostwald ripening during the nanocrystal growth. The experimental results showed that a low concentration of Te precursor will definitely influence the growth procedure. The UV–visible absorption spectra, as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows the QDs a good monodispersity at any interval of the reaction procedure. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern suggested that the as-prepared QDs have high crystallinity and cubic structure. The size and composition-dependent fluorescent emission wavelength of the resultant CdxZn1-xTe alloyed QDs can be tuned from 460 to 610 nm, and their photoluminescent quantum yield can reach up to 70%. Especially in the wavelength range of 510–578 nm, the overall PL QYs of the as-prepared CdxZn1-xTe QDs were above 50%. The current work suggests that electrochemical method is an attractive approach to the synthesis of high-quality II-VI ternary alloyed semiconductor QDs at large-scale with a prominent cost advantage.

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31

Wang, Han, Amrita Yasin, Nathaniel Quitoriano, and George Demopoulos. "Aqueous-based Binary Sulfide Nanoparticle Inks for Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Films Stabilized with Tin(IV) Chalcogenide Complexes." Nanomaterials 9, no. 10 (September 26, 2019): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9101382.

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Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS) is a promising semiconductor material for photovoltaic applications,with excellent optical and electronic properties while boasting a nontoxic, inexpensive, andabundant elemental composition. Previous high‐quality CZTS thin films often required eithervacuum‐based deposition processes or the use of organic ligands/solvents for ink formulation,which are associated with various issues regarding performance or economic feasibility. To addressthese issues, an alternative method for depositing CZTS thin films using an aqueous‐basednanoparticle suspension is demonstrated in this work. Nanoparticles of constituent binary sulfides(CuxS and ZnS) are stabilized in an ink using tin(IV)‐based, metal chalcogenide complexes such as[Sn2S6]4‐. This research paper provides a systematic study of the nanoparticle synthesis and inkformulation via the enabling role of the tin chalcogenide complexing power, the deposition of highqualityCZTS thin films via spin coating and annealing under sulfur vapor atmosphere, theirstructural characterization in terms of nanocrystal phase, morphology, microstructure, anddensification, and their resultant optoelectronic properties.

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Menezes, Shalini, Anura P. Samantilleke, Sharmila J. Menezes, Yi Mo, and David S. Albin. "Electrodeposition of poly and nanocrystalline Cu-In-Se absorbers for optoelectronic devices." MRS Advances 4, no. 37 (2019): 2043–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.319.

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ABSTRACTCoupling semiconductors with electrochemical processes can lead to unusual materials, and attractive, practical device configurations. This work examines the reaction mechanism for single-step electrodeposition approach that creates device quality copper-indium-selenide (CISe) films with either polycrystalline or nanocrystalline morphologies on Cu and steel foils, respectively. The polycrystalline CISe film grows from In3+/Se4+ solution on Cu foil as Cu→ CuxSe→ CuInSe2; it may be used in standard planar pn devices. The nanocrystalline CISe film grown from Cu+/In3+/Se4+ solution follows the CuSe(In)→ CuInSe2→ CuIn3Se5 sequence. The latter approach leads to naturally ordered, space-filling nanocrystals, comprising interconnected 3-dimensional network of sharp, abrupt, p-CISe/n-CISe bulk homojunctions with extraordinary electro-optical attributes. Sandwiching these films between band-aligned contact electrodes can lead to high performance third generation devices for solar cells, light emitting diodes or photoelectrodes for fuel cells. Both approaches produce self-stabilized CISe absorbers that avoid recrystallization steps and can be roll-to-roll processed in simple flexible thin-film form factor for easy scale-up.

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Tolbert, Sarah H., and A. P. Alivisatos. "High-Pressure Structural Transformations in Semiconductor Nanocrystals." Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 46, no. 1 (October 1995): 595–626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pc.46.100195.003115.

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Sydnes, Leiv K. "Preface." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac20088001iv.

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For IUPAC, the global, scientific organization that cares about chemistry and the chemical sciences in all senses of the word, it is a duty, but also a pleasure to follow the development in chemical research with the aim of spotting pioneering work and new trends as early as possible. It is particularly rewarding to see how many young chemists contribute to shaping our science. For chemistry, it is therefore important to encourage our young colleagues in their work, and IUPAC does so through the IUPAC Prize for Young Chemists. This prestigious annual prize honors four to five chemists with a fresh Ph.D. for important and outstanding research carried out exceptionally well during their Ph.D. studies. The work is mainly judged on the basis of a 1000-word essay which is supported by recommendations from the senior scientist(s) with whom the candidate collaborated.As immediate Past President of IUPAC, I have had the pleasure of chairing an international prize selection committee of eminent chemists with a wide range of expertise in chemistry that adjudicated essays from 57 applicants from 24 countries. Due to the large number of excellent candidates, it was not an easy task to pick the winners, but at the end the committee arrived at a unanimous decision and awarded the 2007 IUPAC Prize for Young Chemists to the following five young chemists from five countries:Deanna D'Alessandro, University of Sydney, Australia, with a thesis entitled "Stereochemical effects on intervalence charge transfer"Euan R. Kay, University of Edinburgh, UK, with a thesis entitled "Mechanized molecules"Anna Aleksandra Michrowska, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, with a thesis entitled "Search for new Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts and their application in metathesis of alkenes"Taleb Mokari, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, with a thesis entitled "Developing a new composite of nanocrystals with semiconductor-insulator and semiconductor-metal interfaces"Feng Tao, Princeton University, NJ, USA, with a thesis entitled "Nanoscale surface chemistry of organic layers on solid surfaces formed through weak noncovalent interactions and strong chemical bonds"Each winner received a cash prize of USD 1000 and a free trip to the 41st IUPAC World Chemistry Congress, which was held in Turin, Italy, 5-11 August last year. The winners presented their work, which is an important stage of any research project, but to reach an even wider audience the prizewinners have been invited to submit manuscripts on aspects of their research for publication in Pure and Applied Chemistry (PAC). Four of the five winners have realized the value of this offer, and it is a pleasure to see their refereed papers, containing critical reviews of high quality, appear in this issue of PAC.Finally, it is an honor and a satisfaction to congratulate each of the winners (and their supervisors) with the 2007 IUPAC Prize. It is IUPAC's hope that each of them has been encouraged to continue to do exciting research that will contribute to a bright future for the molecular-based sciences, which are so important for our common future.Leiv K. SydnesIUPAC Immediate Past President and Chairman of the IUPAC Prize Selection Committee

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Benner, F., S. Haas, F. Schneider, V. Klemm, G. Schreiber, J. Von Borany, and J. Heitmann. "(Invited) Semiconductor Nanocrystals Embedded in High-k Materials." ECS Transactions 45, no. 3 (April 27, 2012): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3700867.

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Orlinskii, S. B., H. Blok, E. J. J. Groenen, J. Schmidt, P. G. Baranov, C. de Mello Donegá, and A. Meijerink. "High-frequency EPR and ENDOR spectroscopy on semiconductor nanocrystals." Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry 43, S1 (2005): S140—S144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1686.

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Zezza, F., R. Comparelli, M. Striccoli, M. L. Curri, R. Tommasi, A. Agostiano, and M. Della Monica. "High quality CdS nanocrystals: surface effects." Synthetic Metals 139, no. 3 (October 2003): 597–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-6779(03)00320-5.

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Winkless, Laurie. "Polymer ‘stars’ for high-quality nanocrystals." Materials Today 16, no. 7-8 (July 2013): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2013.07.018.

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Norris, D. J., Nan Yao, F. T. Charnock, and T. A. Kennedy. "High-Quality Manganese-Doped ZnSe Nanocrystals." Nano Letters 1, no. 1 (January 2001): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl005503h.

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Buljan, Maja, Uroš V. Desnica, Nikola Radić, Goran Dražić, Zdeněk Matěj, Václav Valeš, and Václav Holý. "Crystal structure of defect-containing semiconductor nanocrystals – an X-ray diffraction study." Journal of Applied Crystallography 42, no. 4 (June 13, 2009): 660–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889809017476.

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Defects of crystal structure in semiconductor nanocrystals embedded in an amorphous matrix are studied by X-ray diffraction and a full-profile analysis of the diffraction curves based on the Debye formula. A new theoretical model is proposed, describing the diffraction from randomly distributed intrinsic and extrinsic stacking faults and twin blocks in the nanocrystals. The application of the model to full-profile analysis of experimental diffraction curves enables the determination of the concentrations of individual defect types in the nanocrystals. The method has been applied for the investigation of self-organized Ge nanocrystals in an SiO2matrix, and the dependence of the structure quality of the nanocrystals on their deposition and annealing parameters was obtained.

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An, Li Min, Xuan Lin Chen, Xue Ting Han, Jie Yi, Chun Xia Liu, Wen Yu An, Yu Qiu Qu, et al. "CdSe/ZnO Core/Shell Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Synthesis and Characterization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 268-270 (December 2012): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.268-270.207.

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CdSe/ZnO core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals which show high luminescence quantum yield have been synthesized through a simple routine without the use of any pyrophoric organometallic precursors. Transmission electron microscope image demonstrates the shape, monodispersity, average size, size distribution and core-shell structure of CdSe/ZnO nanocrystals. We use a combination of X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence to analyze the core/shell nanocrystals and determine their chemical composition, optical character and internal structure.

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Qu, Lianhua, Z. Adam Peng, and Xiaogang Peng. "Alternative Routes toward High Quality CdSe Nanocrystals." Nano Letters 1, no. 6 (June 2001): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl0155532.

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Xu, Shu, Sandeep Kumar, and Thomas Nann. "Rapid Synthesis of High-Quality InP Nanocrystals." Journal of the American Chemical Society 128, no. 4 (February 2006): 1054–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja057676k.

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Zhang, H., L. Wang, H. Xiong, L. Hu, B. Yang, and W. Li. "Hydrothermal Synthesis for High-Quality CdTe Nanocrystals." Advanced Materials 15, no. 20 (October 16, 2003): 1712–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200305653.

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Luo, Kaiying, Wanhua Wu, Sihang Xie, Yasi Jiang, Shengzu Liao, and Donghuan Qin. "Building Solar Cells from Nanocrystal Inks." Applied Sciences 9, no. 9 (May 8, 2019): 1885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9091885.

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The use of solution-processed photovoltaics is a low cost, low material-consuming way to harvest abundant solar energy. Organic semiconductors based on perovskite or colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics have been well developed in recent years; however, stability is still an important issue for these photovoltaic devices. By combining solution processing, chemical treatment, and sintering technology, compact and efficient CdTe nanocrystal (NC) solar cells can be fabricated with high stability by optimizing the architecture of devices. Here, we review the progress on solution-processed CdTe NC-based photovoltaics. We focus particularly on NC materials and the design of devices that provide a good p–n junction quality, a graded bandgap for extending the spectrum response, and interface engineering to decrease carrier recombination. We summarize the progress in this field and give some insight into device processing, including element doping, new hole transport material application, and the design of new devices.

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Lignos, Ioannis, Yiming Mo, Loukas Carayannopoulos, Matthias Ginterseder, Moungi G. Bawendi, and Klavs F. Jensen. "A high-temperature continuous stirred-tank reactor cascade for the multistep synthesis of InP/ZnS quantum dots." Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 6, no. 3 (2021): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0re00454e.

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Mohamed, Mona B., Dino Tonti, Awos Al-Salman, Abdelkrim Chemseddine, and Majed Chergui. "Synthesis of High Quality Zinc Blende CdSe Nanocrystals." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109, no. 21 (June 2005): 10533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp051123e.

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Khagram, P., F. Tomson, R. M. D. Brydson, and R. Crook. "Synthesis of high quality monodisperse Nickel Oxide Nanocrystals." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 245 (September 1, 2010): 012063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/245/1/012063.

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Zhang, Haibin, Yonggang Lu, Hong Liu, and Jingzhong Fang. "One-pot synthesis of high-index faceted AgCl nanocrystals with trapezohedral, concave hexoctahedral structures and their photocatalytic activity." Nanoscale 7, no. 27 (2015): 11591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr02049b.

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Hashizume, Kenichi, Hitoshi Suzuki, Martin Vacha, and Toshiro Tani. "Preparation and excitonic properties of high quality organic-inorganic nanocomposite CdSe nanocrystals." International Journal of Modern Physics B 15, no. 28n30 (December 10, 2001): 3777–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979201008640.

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TOPO (trioctyl phosphine oxide) capped-CdSe nanocrystals were prepared chemically by injecting organometallic reagents into a hot coordinating solvent over a range of optical absorption peaks of 482 ~580 nm . For limited size range of nanocrystals, we have succeeded to synthesize high quality nanocrystals which show fairly sharp excitonic spectral features, by controlling the particle size with the concentration of precursors. Overcoating of ZnS following the synthesis of CdSe nanocrystals have lead to a large enhancement of the fluorescence intensity (quantumefficiency).

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