Journal articles on the topic 'High Performance Plasma Coating process'
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1
Liu, Ming, Hai Jun Wang, Yi Jiang, Yong Ming Guo, and Ke Ke Zhao. "Experimental Analysis on the Environment of Internal Plasma Spraying Techniques." Applied Mechanics and Materials 184-185 (June 2012): 1480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.184-185.1480.
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The effects of internal spraying environment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of plasma spraying NiCrBSi+15%Mo coatings were investigated. For experimental analysis of spraying environment, a specialized internal plasma device and its test unit were developed. Firstly, microstructures of spraying coatings and powders were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the boding strength, porosity and micro-hardness of the coatings were investigated and determined separately. According to these properties of plasma spraying coating, the influence of spraying environment on the coating properties and specimen temperature could be investigated. The results show that that the coating performances decreased because of the dust, smog and high temperature of the internal spraying environment. The high-performance internal coatings can be obtained by properly designing spraying process and using the special spraying device.
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Kriba, Ilhem, and A. Djebaili. "The Interaction between Particles and a Plasma Beam in the Thermal Projection Process." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.801.
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Plasma spray processes have been widely used to produce high performance coatings of a wide range of Materials (metallic, non-metallic, ceramics), offering protection from, eg. wear, extreme temperature, chemical attack and environmental corrosion. To obtain good quality coatings, spray parameters must be carefully selected. Due to the large variety in process parameters, it is difficult to optimize the process for each specific coating and substrate combinations. Furthermore modelling the spray process allows a better understanding of the process sequences during thermal spraying. Good agreement of the virtual spraying process with the real coating formation is achieved by modelling the particular process steps. The simulation of coating formation to estimate the process parameters is an important tool to develop new coating structures with defined properties. In this work, the process of plasma sprayed coating has been analyzed by numerical simulation. Commercial code is used to predict the plasma jet characteristics, plasma –particle interaction, and coating formation. Using this model we can obtain coating microstructure and characteristics which form a foundation for further improvement of an advanced ceramic coating build up model.
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KOECH, Pius Kibet, and Chaur Jeng WANG. "Performance Characteristics of Hot-dip and Plasma Spray Aluminide Coated Nickel-Based Superalloy 718 under Cyclic Oxidation in Water Vapour." Materials Science 25, no. 4 (June 27, 2019): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.25.4.21334.
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Aluminium coating due to its ability to form stable alumina oxide scale are commonly used to protect materials such as inconel 718 superalloys at high operational temperatures. Relevant properties of the oxide scale formed; growth rate and coating adherence is not only determined by the composition of the coating material used but is also influenced by the coating manufacturing process and the test condition. In the present work, effect of water vapour and thermocycling commonly prevailing on the morphology and composition of the alumina scales formed during high temperature oxidation was studied using hot-dip and plasma spray aluminium coatings. The coatings highly improved oxidation resistance of the alloy substrate with hot dip coating showing the lowest mass change compared to plasma spray. The results also show that the hot-dip coating has an inherently different morphology and growth rate compared to those formed on the plasma spray coating. High rate of oxidation, spallation and large voids with little protective alumina oxide layer were observed in moist condition test especially in plasma spray coatings.
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Kobayashi, Akira. "Performance of Thick TiN Composite Coating as High Heat Resistant TBC." Materials Science Forum 502 (December 2005): 511–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.502.511.
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Titanium nitride (TiN) coating has excellent properties and has been already used in the various field of industry. But TiN film has problems in the formation process: i.e., low deposition rate and poor thickness of the film. TiN thick coatings can be formed by means of the gas tunnel type plasma reactive spraying in a short time operation. In this study, the fundamental characteristics of this method were investigated by measuring the properties of the titanium nitride (TiN) coatings formed on the traversed stainless steel substrate. Consequently, TiN coatings of 200µm thickness were obtained at P=27kW, within t=5s, and some coating characteristics which depend on the spraying distance, the environmental gas, traverse number etc. were clarified. And the performance of TiN thick composite coating was discussed as a heat resistant TBC.
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Kriba, Ilhem R., and A. Djebaili. "Modelling Sequential Impact of Molten Droplets on a Solid Surface in Plasma Spray Process." Advanced Materials Research 227 (April 2011): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.227.111.
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Plasma spray deposition is one of the most important technologies available for producing the high-performance surfaces required by modern industry. In this process, powder of the coating material is fed into high-temperature plasma, which melts and accelerates the powder; the molten particles subsequently hit and solidify on the surface to be coated. To obtain good quality coating, the powder particle must be at least partially molten and hit the substrate with a high velocity. The flattening characteristics of the droplets impinging on a substrate are important determinants in governing the eventual quality of the plasma spray coating. Different codes have been developed in recent years to simulate the overall thermal spraying process, as well as the growth of the 3D coatings, in which entrained particles are modeled by stochastic particle models, fully coupled to the plasma flow. The present investigation was carried out to have an approach to systematize the atmospheric plasma spraying process in order to create a basis for numerically modeling the plasma dynamics, the coating formation mechanisms and to predict the particle thermo- kinetic state at impact.
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Abraham, D. S. Manoj, H. Kanagasabapathy, S. Kartheesan, and M. C. Shaji. "Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Al 7075 T6 Coated by Plasma Spray Process." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.551.
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-Al7075 T6 alloys are widely used in the aircraft, automotive and die and mold making industry, yet at any time aluminium components should be designed with a third body or in an harsh environment they must be protected with an overlying coating inorder to increase their useful lifespan and improve their surface performance especially in wear and corrosion. The most wide spread technique used to modify the surface properties of Al7075 T6 among them one of the most promosing technology is plasma spraying. It is widely used to manufacture anti-wear and anti-corrosion coatings on to a large class of bulk materials. Extreme performance and high flexibility are the Main characteristic of the coatings achievable by Plasma Spray process. In this work Nickel Carbide + Chromium Composite coating was successfully prepared and deposied with various thicknesses on the Aluminium alloy surface. Nickel Carbide + Chromium composite coating exhibits a significantly increased wear resistance property in the material. The result obtained in this work indicated that the plasma spraying method will be the promising process to coat the composite coating on aluminium based alloy.Keywords: Al 7075 T6, Plasma Spray Process, Nickel Carbide + Chromium
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Kobayashi, Akira. "Enhancement of TBC (Thermal Barrier Coatings) Characteristics by Gas Tunnel Type Plasma Spraying." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 1061–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.1061.
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Zirconia (ZrO2) coating formed by plasma spray method is widely used industrially as a thermal barrier coating (TBC). Presently, there are some problems such as spallation and cracks inside the coating. As one solution given by the development of new spaying processing, the gas tunnel type plasma spraying is one of excellent method to enhance the TBC performances. The zirconia-alumina (ZrO2-Al2O3) composite coating formed by this method has a high hardness layer at the surface side of the coating, which shows the graded functionality of hardness, and is superior as a TBC. In this paper, the performance of such high hardness ZrO2-Al2O3 composite coating was investigated and the merit as TBC was clarified. The Vickers hardness of the high hardness layer near the coating surface increased by the thermal process of high energy plasma, which corresponded to the result that the coating became denser. Also, the effect of alumina mixing was discussed about the microstructure of this composite coating. The combination of high hardness of Al2O3 with the low thermal conductivity of ZrO2 resulted to the development of high performance TBC. The transverse thermal conductivity of such ZrO2-Al2O3 composite coatings was proved to be much smaller than that in the longitudinal direction.
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Krioni, N. K., A. D. Mingazhev, and I. R. Kuzeev. "Application of Ion-Plasma Coatings with Low Droplet Phase Content." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.334.
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Ion-plasma coating application technologies are the most advanced ones providing high performance characteristics for the parts of modern machinery and equipment. Further development of these technologies is connected with the improvement of efficiency, production processes, and quality of protective and strengthening coatings. The methods and installations for applying protective coatings by deposition of coating materials from vacuum arc plasma with the use of electric arc evaporators of metals are widely known. However, one of the main shortcomings of the existing technologies based on the use of electric arc evaporators is a high content of the droplet phase in the coating, resulting in a sharp performance reduction. In this paper, the authors propose a new approach to the process of ion-plasma material application, providing the implementation of a number of principles that improve the quality of the applied coating due to the significant reduction of the droplet phase.
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Zhu, Sheng, and Bin Shi Xu. "High-Performance Ceramic Coatings Sprayed via Novel Supersonic Plasma Spraying System." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 1203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1203.
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A novel supersonic plasma spraying system was developed with a maximum power of 80 kW and a maximum working gas flow of 6 m3/h, at which gas and particle velocities of 2400 and 600 m/s can be achieved respectively. This paper deals with novel supersonic plasma spraying system design, the structure of novel supersonic plasma gun includes a special Laval nozzle as the single anode and inner powder supply, and the mechanisms of supersonic plasma jet as well as the effects on the sprayed particles. The spraying process parameters of several ceramic powders such as Al2O3, Cr2O3, ZrO2, Cr3C2 and Co-WC were optimized. The properties and microstructure of the sprayed ceramic coatings were investigated. Nano Al2O3-TiO2 ceramic coating sprayed by using novel supersonic plasma spraying was also studied. Novel supersonic plasma spraying improves greatly ceramic coatings quality compared with conventional air plasma spraying (Metco 9M), as well as it has lower energy and gas exhaustion compared with high power supersonic plasma spraying (Plazjet), which can spray high-performance ceramic coatings at low cost.
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Kiilakoski, Jarkko, Richard Trache, Stefan Björklund, Shrikant Joshi, and Petri Vuoristo. "Process Parameter Impact on Suspension-HVOF-Sprayed Cr2O3 Coatings." Journal of Thermal Spray Technology 28, no. 8 (October 31, 2019): 1933–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11666-019-00940-7.
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Abstract Chromium oxide (Cr2O3) is commonly used as an atmospheric plasma-sprayed (APS) coating from powder feedstock in applications requiring resistance to sliding wear and corrosion, as well as amenability to texturing, e.g., in anilox rolls. Recently, high-velocity oxy-fuel spray methods involving suspension feedstock have been considered an extremely promising alternative to produce denser and more homogeneous chromium oxide coatings with lower as-sprayed surface roughness, higher hardness and potentially superior wear performance compared to conventional APS-sprayed coatings. In this study, the impact of process parameters namely auxiliary air cleaning nozzles and a transverse air curtain on suspension high-velocity oxy-fuel-sprayed Cr2O3 suspensions is presented. The produced coatings are characterized for their microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance by cavitation erosion. The results reveal the importance of optimized air nozzles and air curtain to achieve a vastly improved coating structure and performance.
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Luzin, Vladimir, ANdrew Vackel, Alfredo Valarezo, and Sanjay Sampath. "Neutron Through-Thickness Stress Measurements in Coatings with High Spatial Resolution." Materials Science Forum 905 (August 2017): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.905.165.
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A great variety of techniques are nowadays used to spray coatings with different functionality and properties for the purpose of surface enhancement. Depending on application and design, these can be thermal (plasma or high-velocity oxy-fuel are the most widely used) and warm or cold spraying, which are known to generate considerable residual stresses. This stress is a function of the spaying process as well as the material and thickness of the coating-substrate system. The mechanical integrity of coatings is critical for certain applications, e.g. wear resistant and thermal-barrier coatings, hence residual stress control and mitigation are essential in preventing the coating’s mechanical failure, improving the coating’s performance and the its operational lifetime. Although hole drilling technique or x-ray diffraction combined with layer removal method can be applicable for stress measurements in coatings, the neutron diffraction stress analysis also provides an effective and efficient tool for non-destructive through-thickness stress measurements with a commensurately high resolution, down to 0.1-0.2 mm. The most recent results of neutron diffraction stress measurements in coating systems are presented herein.
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Hua, Yin Qun, Wen Wen Shuai, Wei Liu, Rui Fang Chen, and Jiang Dong Cao. "The Study of High Temperature Oxidation Performance of Thermal Barrier Coatings Prepared by Plasma Spraying and Laser Remelting." Advanced Materials Research 1142 (January 2017): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1142.161.
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The CoCrAlYTaSi/YSZ thermal barrier coating was prepared on the surface of GH586 by plasma spraying and laser remelting process. The coating prepared by plasma spraying, YSZ have no phase transformation. After remelting, YSZ also have no phase transformation, but the grain of the preferential growth orientation changed. Plasma spraying coating is mainly composed of t and t' phase, all the t phase transform into t' phase and recrystallization after remelting. After remelting, the substrate grain and γ' phase size are obviously grown up, leading to the decrease of high temperature oxidation resistance of substrate. In the process of oxidation, no obvious phase transformation are taken place in the plasma spraying coating, and the coating after laser remelting, tetragonal-monoclinic phase transformation happened.
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Peng, Ru Zhen, Gang Xie, Yan Qing Hou, Lin Tian, and Xiao Hua Yu. "Microstructure and Property of Plasma Sprayed TiB2 Wettable Coatings on Carbon Cathodes." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 1580–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.1580.
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In this work, fine-lamellar structured TiB2 ceramic wettable cathode coatings were deposited on carbon cathodes of aluminium oxide reduction cells by atmosphere plasma spraying (APS). Cathode carbon blocks consisting of coatings 800 μm thick of plasma sprayed TiB2 finepowder on carbon substrate were fabricated. In order to investigate the results of coating, the microstructure and phase composition of the wettable cathode coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that TiB2 fine-powders were partly oxidized during the plasma spraying process. The coating was mostly formed by a matrix of fully molten particles where the presence of semi-molten feedstock agglomerates. The APS method is believed to be a good choice to deposit TiB2 wettable cathode coating with high performance and reliability.
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Mei, Xian Xiu, Yue Liu, Xue Ma, and You Nian Wang. "Structure and Performance of YSZ Thermal Barrier Coatings Irradiated by High Intensity Pulsed Ion Beam." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 2377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.2377.
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The thermal barrier coatings (TBC) of the yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has been deposited by the atmospheric plasma spraying (APS),followed by the irradiation of high intensity pulsed ion beam (HIPIB) with the voltage of 250 KV and the ion current density of 300 A/cm2 and pulsed times of 2, 5, 10 and 20, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that the coating is characterized by the tetragonal ZrO2 phase instead of the cubic phase and the original monoclinic phase after the irradiation. The scanning electron micros cope analysis demonstrates that the HIPIB treatment leads to a smooth TBC surface, but produces micro-cracks and round grain at the surface. This implies that the plasma erupts during the ion beam interaction with the coatings with poor thermal conductivity, and the micro-cracks were produced in the cooling process. The isothermal oxidation experiment performed at 1050°C in air and suggests that the oxidation resistance of the coating can be largely enhanced after HIPIB treatment.
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He, Gengchao, Weiling Guo, Dongyu He, Jiaqiang Zhang, Zhiguo Xing, Zhenlin Lv, Lei Jia, and Yanfei Huang. "Study of the Mechanical Properties and Thermal Control Performance of Plasma-Sprayed Alumina Coating on Aluminum Alloy Surface." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 10, 2023): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13020956.
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Thermal control coating is an important means of ensuring that a spacecraft remains operational at high temperatures. Due to limitations regarding preparation technology and material properties, the mechanical properties of the conventional thermal control coatings still need to be improved. To solve this problem, nanostructured alumina coatings (NCs) and conventional alumina coatings (CCs) were prepared using plasma-spraying technology. The microscopic morphology, phase structure, hardness, and thermal control properties (solar absorptance (αs) and emissivity (ε)) of the nanostructured alumina coatings were investigated and compared with those of conventional alumina coatings. The results show that the NC has a higher hardness value (1168.8 HV) and that its reflectivity exceeds 75% in the wavelength range of 446–1586 nm, while a high degree of emissivity of 0.863–0.87 is still maintained at 300–393 K. Furthermore, the results show that these highly reflective properties are related to the phase composition and internal micromorphology of the NC, whereby the solar absorption of the coating is reduced due to the increase in the alpha phase content (21.4%), the high porosity (5.21%) and the nanoparticles favoring the internal scattering. All these properties can improve the performance of this CC coating with low solar absorptance (αs) and high emissivity (ε).
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Wang, Shicheng, Wei Gao, Kangkai Hu, Zhengyi Li, Weining He, Hongying Yu, and Dongbai Sun. "Effect of Powder Particle Size and Shape on Appearance and Performance of Titanium Coatings Prepared on Mild Steel by Plasma Cladding." Coatings 12, no. 8 (August 9, 2022): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12081149.
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The preparation of Ti coatings on mild steel can both effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the substrate and reduce the application cost of Ti, which is an effective measure to improve the service performance of mild steel in the marine environment. Plasma cladding technology is an efficient method for preparing metal coatings, and the type of powder is a key process parameter for coating preparation. In this work, high-performance Ti coatings are prepared on the surface of mild steel by plasma cladding technology, and the effects of different particle sizes and shapes of Ti powders on the surface morphology, microstructure and properties of the coatings are studied. The results show that powder particle size and sphericity are the key factors affecting the morphology, structure and service performance of Ti coatings. After 1000 h of salt spray test, the spherical powder cladding coatings only suffer slight corrosion, while the irregular shape powder coating is more severely corroded. Powder cladding with moderate powder particle size and good sphericity have a smoother coating and fewer defects. Ti powders with different particle sizes and shapes all have the diffusion of Fe element during the cladding process. The surface of Ti coating prepared by spherical powder are dominated by α-Ti and Fe0.2Ti0.8 phases, while the surface of Ti coating prepared by irregular shape powder is dominated by FeTi and Ti2Fe. The interface between the coating and the substrate shows metallurgical bonding, and the increase in Ti-Fe brittle phase will deteriorate the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the coating. The shear strength of coatings prepared from spherical Ti powders of 75–150 μm can reach 105.18 MPa, the corrosion potential is the most positive (−0.2206 V), and the self-corrosion current density is the lowest (6.220 × 10−8 A/cm2).
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Itoh, Y., M. Saitoh, and Y. Ishiwata. "Aluminizing Behaviors of Vacuum Plasma Sprayed MCrAlY Coatings." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 124, no. 2 (March 26, 2002): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1423914.
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The objective of this study is aluminide overlay coatings of MCrAlY sprayed by a vacuum plasma spraying (VPS) process for the protection against high-temperature corrosion and oxidation of gas turbine components. Diffusion coating processes have been applied for many years to improve similarly the environmental resistance by enriching the surface of nickel-based superalloys with chromium, aluminum, or silicon element. Recently, aluminizing of MCrAlY coatings is used for improving further the high-temperature oxidation resistance. However, the aluminizing properties of plasma-sprayed MCrAlY coatings, which have an important effect on the coating performance, have not been clarified. In this study, five kinds of plasma-sprayed MCrAlY (CoCrAlY, CoNiCrAlY, CoNiCrAlY+Ta, NiCrAlY, and NiCoCrAlY) coating were selected for pack-aluminizing tests. The as sprayed and the heat-treated (1393 K, 2 h, argon cooled and 1116 K, 24 h, argon cooled) MCrAlY specimens were Al-Cr-Al2O3-NH4Cl pack-aluminized at 1173, 1223, and 1273 K for 5, 10, and 20 h, respectively. The experimental results showed that the aluminizing process formed the aluminum rich layers of NiAl or CoAl phase. It also indicated that the thickness of the aluminum rich layer showed a parabolic time-dependence in all MCrAlY coatings. The order of reaction diffusion rate was NiCoCrAlY=NiCrAlY>CoNiCrAlY>CoNiCrAlY+Ta>CoCrAlY. There was a tendency that the reaction diffusion rate by aluminizing increased with increasing nickel content in the MCrAlY coatings and the reaction diffusion rate of as sprayed MCrAlY coatings is faster than that of the heat-treated MCrAlY coatings.
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Yusuf, Yusliza, Zulkifli Rosli, Jariah Mohd Juoi, Omar Nooririnah, and Umar Al Amani Azlan. "The Influence of the Microwave Plasma Nitrided Ti6Al4V Substrate Properties to the Duplex Coating Performance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 761 (May 2015): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.761.68.
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Titanium alloys, especially TI6Al4V has been used in many industries such as aerospace applications, medical application and automotive applications. This is because it has beneficial properties such as low density, high strength to weight ratio, low modulus elasticity, excellent corrosion resistance and etc. However, titanium and its alloys have limited use in mechanical engineering applications involving sliding wear or abrasion due to poor wear resistance. Therefore, the duplex coating concept was introduced with the intention of the surface modification process as a pre-treatment of the substrate prior to the deposition of hardcoating process. In this study, plasma nitriding of the Ti6Al4V was performed using a microwave plasma technique at 600°C and 700°C for 1 hour, 3 hours and 5 hours, then followed by deposition of chromium nitrate (CrN) on plasma nitrided samples for duplex coating purposes. Microstructural analysis and mirohardness measurement revealed that formation of Ti2N and TiN phase indicating the formation of the compound layer was observed for substrate nitrided at temperature as low as 600°C for 1 hour and a substantial increase on the case depth obtained on plasma nitrided Ti6Al4V was observed with an increase of process temperature and time. The duplex coating obtained in this study has superior surface hardness property and improved load carrying capacity of the coating – substrate system compared to CrN coatings deposited on as received Ti6Al4V which was observed in the penetration depth analysis.
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Liu, Jin Tao, Wei Shen, Qun Bo Fan, and H. N. Cai. "Modeling the Cracking Process of the YSZ Thermal Barrier Coating under the Thermal Shocking Loads." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.463.
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For low thermal conductivity and high corrosion resistance, yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), as a top coat (TC), is widely used in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), and the micro-structure of the TC has significant effects on it thermal shock resistance. Combining digital image processing technique with finite element mesh generation methods, finite element (EF) models based on actual microstructures of plasma sprayed YSZ thermal barrier coatings are built in this paper, so as to simulate the coating’s dynamic failure process when suffering thermal shocking loads. The cracking process is revealed by calculating both the stress and strain evolutions within the coating. Based on the proposed method, the effects of porosity and distribution are further studied. The simulation results agree well with the experimental observation, indicating that the cracks are mainly caused by pore connectivity, which promotes the growth of cracks. This work is expected to be helpful to establish the quantitative relationship between the TBCs porosity and the coating’s service performance.
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Zhao, Lin, Xuesong Leng, Bowen Bai, Rui Zhao, Zeyun Cai, Jianchao He, Jin Li, and Hongsheng Chen. "Effect of Coating Thickness on the Atomic Oxygen Resistance of Siloxane Coatings Synthesized by Plasma Polymerization Deposition Technique." Coatings 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2023): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010153.
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Atomic oxygen in the low Earth orbit (LEO) environment is highly oxidizing. Due to the high flight speed of spacecraft, the relative kinetic energy of high-flux atomic oxygen bombarding the spacecraft surface can reach up to about 5 eV. Therefore, atomic oxygen is one of the most dangerous space environment factors in LEO, which seriously affects the safe operation and service life of spacecraft in orbit. In order to meet the requirements for the high reliability and long lifetime of spacecraft, effective protection measures must be taken on their sensitive surfaces. Siloxane is a coating with an organic–inorganic hybrid structure. Compared with SiO2 and other inorganic atomic oxygen protective coatings, it has better flexibility and is better at anti-atomic oxygen performance. In this paper, the plasma polymerization deposition technique was used to prepare large-area siloxane coatings on different substrates with different thicknesses for improving atomic oxygen resistance by optimizing the process parameters. The thickness of the coating was measured by different methods, and the results showed that the thickness distribution was consistent. By observing the surface morphology of the coating, it was uniform and compact without obvious defects, so the uniformity of large-area coating was also ideal. The adhesion and heat/humidity resistance of siloxane coatings were examined by pull-off testing and damp-heat testing, respectively. The results showed that the siloxane coatings with a thickness of about 400 nm exhibited better physical properties. At the same time, the ground simulation testing of atomic oxygen confirmed that siloxane coatings with a thickness of 418 nm presented the best performance of atomic oxygen resistance. The atomic oxygen erosion yield of siloxane coatings with a thickness of 418 nm was as low as 5.39 × 10−27 cm3/atoms, which was three orders of magnitude lower than that of the uncoated Kapton substrate and presented a good anti-atomic oxygen performance. Meanwhile, it has also successfully passed the damp-heat test. The coating thickness is only several hundred nanometers and does not increase the weight of the spacecraft, which makes it a relatively ideal LEO atomic oxygen protection material. Furthermore, a possible mechanism was proposed to explicate the physicochemical process of atomic oxygen attacking the coating materials.
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Li, Yuanjun, Jibo Huang, Weize Wang, Dongdong Ye, Huanjie Fang, Dong Gao, Shantung Tu, Xueping Guo, and Zexin Yu. "Control of the Pore Structure of Plasma-Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings through the Addition of Unmelted Porous YSZ Particles." Coatings 11, no. 3 (March 21, 2021): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030360.
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In this study, a new pore structure control method for plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) through the addition of unmelted, porous yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) particles was investigated. Through a unique way of feeding powder, two powder feeders were used simultaneously at different positions of the plasma flame to deposit a composite structure coating in which a conventional plasma-sprayed coating was used as a matrix and unmelted micro-agglomerated YSZ particles were dispersed in the dense conventional coating matrix as second-phase particles. The effects of the distribution and content of second-phase particles on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and lifetime were explored in a furnace cyclic test (24 h) of the composite coating. The mechanical properties and lifetime of the composite coating depend on the content and morphology of the particles embedded in the coating. The lifetime of the composite structure coatings is significantly higher than that of the conventional coatings. By adjusting the spraying parameters, the lifetime of the composite coating prepared under the optimum process is up to 145 days, which is about three times that of the conventional coating. The results of this study provide guidance for the preparation of high-performance composite structure TBCs.
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Wang, Li Mei. "Performance of Reactive Plasma Cladding TiC Particle Reinforced High Chromium Fe-Based Ceramics Composite Coating." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1032–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1032.
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TheIn SituSynthesized Tic Particle Reinforced High Chromium Fe-Based Ceramics Composite Coating Was Fabricated on the Substrate of Q235 Steel by Plasma Cladding Process Using Fe-Cr-Ti-C Composite Powder as Reactive Material. Microstructure of the Coating Was Observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the Phases Were Determined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and the Wear Resistance Was Evaluated under Dry Sliding Wear Test Conditions at Room Temperature. Results Indicate that the Composite Coating Consists of the Reinforcing Tic Carbide, (Cr,Fe)7C3Eutectic as Well as Austenite, and Is Metallurgically Bonded to the Q235 Steel Substrate. the Gradient Distribution of Tic Carbides Is Observed. Tic Particles Present in the Granular Shape in the Fusion Zone and Central Zone while Present in the Dendritic Shape on the Surface of the Composite Coating. Hardness of the Coating from Surface to Fusion Zone Varies a Little; the Average Hardness of the Coating Is about HV0.2750 which Is 3.2 Times as much as that of the Base. the Wear Mass Loss of Q235 Base Material Is 13 Times Higher than that of the Composite Coating.
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Frolov, Vasiliy, and Yury Klochkov. "Numerical Simulation of Plasma Spraying Performance Index." E3S Web of Conferences 221 (2020): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022103006.
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In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in plasma jet numerical simulation. Speed and temperature propagation in axial and radial direction in plasma jet significantly influences on speed and temperature of sprayed material and therefore on coating quality. However, there are few studies concerning plasma jet numerical simulation in modern software systems and they describe a specific problem. It is a wellknown fact that using simple structural components such as plasmatron heads for plasma thermal spraying allows us to increase the quality of zirconium oxide coatings by increasing the speed of spraying particles and decreasing their spread value and allows to increase economic efficiency of the process by increasing the operation factor of spraying material. However, scientists have not studied well the influence of the plasmatron head, which looks like a cone element, and the simulation of a high temperature flow along the channel is not mentioned in publications. Therefore, it is necessary to research the flow of a high temperature current along the channel of the head.
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Wang, Li Mei. "Performance of Reactive Plasma Cladding TiC Particle Reinforced High Chromium Fe-Based Ceramics Composite Coating." Applied Mechanics and Materials 201-202 (October 2012): 1106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.1106.
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The in-situ synthesized TiC particle reinforced high chromium Fe-based ceramics composite coating was fabricated on the substrate of Q235 steel by plasma cladding process using Fe-Cr-Ti-C composite powder as reactive material. Microstructure of the coating was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the phases were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the wear resistance was evaluated under dry sliding wear test conditions at room temperature. Results indicate that the composite coating consists of the reinforcing TiC carbide, (Cr,Fe)7C3 eutectic as well as austenite, and is metallurgically bonded to the Q235 steel substrate. The gradient distribution of TiC carbides is observed. TiC particles present in the granular shape in the fusion zone and central zone while present in the dendritic shape on the surface of the composite coating. Hardness of the coating from surface to fusion zone varies a little; the average hardness of the coating is about HV0.2750 which is 3.2 times as much as that of the base. The wear mass loss of Q235 base material is 13 times higher than that of the composite coating.
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Zhachkin, Sergey Yu, Marina N. Krasnova, Aleksandr V. Biryukov, and Nikita A. Pen’kov. "CALCULATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE FIELDS ON THE QUALITY OF THE RESULTING COMPOSITE COATINGS." Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin 2, no. 143 (June 2021): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2618-8287-2021-59-2-130-134.
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Increased attention is currently being paid to improving the reliability and efficiency of power units. The use of materials with special coatings that have the necessary set of characteristics allows you to increase the service life of the restored components and assemblies. One of the ways to obtain such coatings is by plasma spraying. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in predicting the performance indicators of composite coatings using a mathematical tool that adequately describes the process of coating build-up during plasma spraying. (Materials and methods) Authors used a universal UPU-3 installation with modifications to produce coatings, which allowed controlling the heat transfer process with high accuracy. Authors used small-sized cooling water temperature sensors located at the connection point of the current-carrying hoses to the sprayer to record the enthalpy of the jet. During the coating process, the restored part remained stationary, and a plasma torch carried out the movement along the sprayed part. The advantage of this method is the independence of the mass of the recovered parts from the drive power of the plasma torch. (Results and discussion) The article presents the mathematical model, which is a system of nonlinear partial differential equations describing the process of heat transfer during the application of plasma-sputtered coatings, taking into account the initial conditions determined using the UPU-3 installation. To solve the presented system of nonlinear differential equations, the method of perturbation theory with the use of thermal potentials is used. (Conclusions) The article proposes the ways to solve the problem of heat transfer during the application of plasma-coated coatings, which allow us to predict the performance indicators of the restored parts.
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Jiang, Lihe, Weiwei Dai, Zheng Wei, Yunfeng Huang, Fangxuan Wang, and Sheng Hong. "The effect of immersion time on corrosion performance of the Al2O3-40TiO2 and WC-10Co-4Cr coatings in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 015013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac4d7d.
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Abstract The Al2O3-40TiO2 and WC-10Co-4Cr coatings were fabricated by air plasma spraying (APS) and high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying, respectively. The microstructure, corrosion resistance and eroded surface of the coatings were characterized. The effect of immersion time on corrosion behavior of the coatings in NaCl solution was investigated. Contrasting to the Al2O3-40TiO2 coating, the corrosion resistance of the WC-10Co-4Cr coating was still higher before 42 days of immersion. However, the corrosion resistance of the Al2O3-40TiO2 coating was higher than that of the WC-10Co-4Cr coating, when the immersion time reached 70 days. With the increase of immersion time, the galvanic corrosion accelerated the formation of pits and craters as well as decreased the corrosion resistance of the WC-10Co-4Cr coating. Meanwhile, corrosion products accumulated in the pits and promoted the stress cracking in the Al2O3-40TiO2 coating, which caused the fact that the corrosion resistance of the Al2O3-40TiO2 coating increased firstly and then decreased.
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Yang, Zheng, and Chuanhai Jiang. "Surface Characteristic and Friction Behavior of Plasma Sprayed FeCoNiCrMo0.2 High Entropy Alloy Coatings on BS960 High-Strength Steel with Subsequent Shot Peening Treatment." Coatings 13, no. 2 (January 29, 2023): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020303.
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The FeCoNiCrMo0.2 high entropy alloy coatings were deposited on BS960 high strength steel by plasma spraying method with four different current intensities (250 A, 350 A, 450 A, 550 A). These coatings were then subjected to a subsequent micro-shot peening treatment. Surface characteristics including surface morphology, microhardness and phase composition were characterized, and the wear resistance of the coatings was assessed by reciprocal friction and wear tests. The results showed that the high entropy alloy coatings had FCC structure. XRD results showed that no new phase was formed during the spraying process. At the same time, shot peening treatment could effectively improve the hardness of the coating surface. Under the four processes, the coating surface prepared with the current intensity of 350 A had the highest microhardness and uniformity before and after shot peening, and the hardness values were 473 ± 10.21 and 504 ± 8.62 HV0.2, respectively. The friction and wear test results showed that the friction coefficients of the four coatings were close to each other at 10 N load, which was about 0.4. When the test load reached 25 N, the friction coefficient of the coating with current intensity of 350 A was lower, and it showed better friction performance. After shot peening, the friction coefficient of the four coatings further decreased to about 0.3 under 10 N loading due to the existence of hardened surface layer. When the test load reached 25 N, the hardened layer would be worn through and the friction coefficient would suddenly rise. Under the 25 N test load, the hardened layer of the high-entropy alloy coating with current intensity of 350 A illustrated better friction resistance.
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Mahade, Satyapal, Karthik Narayan, Sivakumar Govindarajan, Stefan Björklund, Nicholas Curry, and Shrikant Joshi. "Exploiting Suspension Plasma Spraying to Deposit Wear-Resistant Carbide Coatings." Materials 12, no. 15 (July 24, 2019): 2344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12152344.
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Titanium- and chromium-based carbides are attractive coating materials to impart wear resistance. Suspension plasma spraying (SPS) is a relatively new thermal spray process which has shown a facile ability to use sub-micron and nano-sized feedstock to deposit high-performance coatings. The specific novelty of this work lies in the processing of fine-sized titanium and chromium carbides (TiC and Cr3C2) in the form of aqueous suspensions to fabricate wear-resistant coatings by SPS. The resulting coatings were characterized by surface morphology, microstructure, phase constitution, and micro-hardness. The abrasive, erosive, and sliding wear performance of the SPS-processed TiC and Cr3C2 coatings was also evaluated. The results amply demonstrate that SPS is a promising route to manufacture superior wear-resistant carbide-based coatings with minimal in situ oxidation during their processing.
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Toma, Filofteia-Laura, Ghislaine Bertrand, Didier Klein, Cathy Meunier, and Sylvie Begin. "Development of Photocatalytic Active TiO2Surfaces by Thermal Spraying of Nanopowders." Journal of Nanomaterials 2008 (2008): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/384171.
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Titanium dioxide is a very useful photocatalyst for the decomposition and diminution of environmental water and air pollutants. In such applications, it can be used as slurry or as immobilized coating obtained by different deposition methods. The studies performed in the last years showed that thermal spraying could be employed to elaborate TiO2coatings with high performance for the decomposition of organic compounds. This manuscript presents a comparative study on the microstructure and photocatalytic performance of titania coatings obtained by different thermal spray techniques: atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), suspension plasma spraying (SPS) and high-velocity oxygen fuel spray process (HVOF). Different titania powders and suspensions were used to study the influence of the feedstock materials on the coating characteristics. The deposits were mainly characterised by SEM and X-ray diffraction. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated from the removal of nitrogen oxides. The experimental results showed that a drastic reduction of the pollutant concentration was obtained in presence of coatings elaborated by suspension plasma spraying. TiO2coatings resulting from the spraying of agglomerated powder presentd less efficiency. That was mainly explained by the significant phase transformation from anatase to rutile that occurred in the enthalpic source during the spray processes.
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Girisha, K. G., R. Rakesh, K. C. Anil, and K. V. Sreenivas Rao. "Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Ni-Cr/Micro-ZrO2 Coated AISI 410 Grade Steel-Final Revision." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.454.
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The most common industrial needs of coatings are to improve the surface properties such as, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity/insulation. The use of expensive high strength materials and super alloys can be mitigated by using low grade materials covered with suitable coatings compatible with the media and service. Air plasma spray deposition method is used to achieve dense coating on substrate. The present research work demonstrates the wear properties of Ni-Cr/Micro-ZrO2 coating prepared through air plasma spray deposition (PSD) method. In this process, ZrO2 particulates of average particle size (10-40µm) were sprayed on Ni-Cr coated AISI 410 grade steel substrate. Distribution of ZrO2 particle was found uniform throughout the coating as revealed from SEM microphotographs. Dry sliding wear tests were performed on Pin-On-Disc Tribometer at room temperature with moderate humidity conditions. Significant improvement in wear performance was observed in Ni-Cr/Micro- ZrO2 coating deposited on steel via PSD which was also evident from worn surface morphology.
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WANG, TAO, NING WANG, YANG LI, HAO WANG, JIE TANG, and YUNSHAN WANG. "STUDY ON PREPARATION TECHNOLOGIES OF THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS." Surface Review and Letters 24, no. 04 (December 16, 2016): 1730004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x17300040.
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Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) is one of the main key technology for the high-pressure turbine blades which are the main components of the high-performance aerospace engines. It offers protection for underline metallic components from corrosion, oxidation and localized melting by insulating the metal from hot gases in the engine core. The properties and lifetime of TBCs are greatly influenced by the preparation technology, which includes plasma spraying (PS), physical vapor deposition (PVD) and laser re-melting (LM). In this paper, three technologies used to prepare the TBCs are reviewed. Resulting features of coating fabricated by each technology are also discussed such as: the porosity, the thermally grown oxide (TGO), the erosion resistance, the thermal shock and so on. Especially, it is pointed out that the performances of gradient coating and nano-coating are better than the traditional coatings. In addition, it is widely accepted that laser can be applied to re-melt the PS coating and even directly clad the gradient coating. In the future, the traditional preparation technology should be improved continually in order to enhance the coating lifetime, enhance the properties of coating and lower the cost of process. Moreover, the researches on gradient-nano-structured coatings preparation are absent and should be done with emphasis since the nano-structure and gradient structure can both benefit the lifetime and properties of coatings.
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Wang, Li Jun, Jian Jun Hao, Yue Jin Ma, Jian Guo Zhao, and Jian Chang Li. "Research on Process Optimization and Abrasion Resistance of Plasma Spraying Al2O3-13wt%TiO2 Coating." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.92.
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Using plasma spraying equipment to prepare Al2O3-13wt%TiO2 coating on Q235 substrate. Study of its organization and performance, test the performance of coating microhardness and the resistance of friction and wear resistance then optimize the spraying process parameters. The surface of the coating performance was studied by SEM. The results show that, Coating microhardness can be as high as 1132HV, Far more than the matrix microhardness. The minimum average wear weightlessness of Sample surface is 0.95mg. Greatly improve the wear resistance
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Wang, Can Ming, Hong Fei Sun, and Qiang Song. "Microstructure and Performance Analysis of Cr3C2-25%NiCr Coating Prepared by Plasma Spraying Process." Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (March 2008): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.47.
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Cr3C2-NiCr compound coating was acquired on 20 steel substrate by plasma spraying process. The microstructure of the coating is dense with low porosity. Carbide lamellartiy inlays into the nickel-base solid solution in the coating. Main phases of the coating are Cr3C2, Cr23C6, Cr7C3 and nickel-base solid solution, etc. Average microhardness of the coating is about HV0.1756.9. Microhardness of some ceramic phases in the coating is as high as HV0.11113, which helps to the improving of wear resistance of the coating. The wear-resisting property of the coating is good under grain-abrasion condition and excellent under lubricated wear condition.
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Abedi-Varaki, Mehdi, and Shahram Mollaiy Berneti. "MODELING OF PLASMA SPRAY COATING PROCESS USING ROBUST SOLUTIONS BASED ON NEW INTELLIGENCE METHODS." Ciência e Natura 39, no. 3 (November 18, 2017): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x25394.
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This study adopts two computational intelligence techniques namely least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) and group method of data handling (GMDH) type polynomial neural network to model the plasma spray coating process. The coating qualities were evaluated by determining its thickness, porosity and micro-hardness. Four parameters including primary gas flow rate, stand-off distance, powder flow rate and arc current that affecting the coating properties were chosen as input variables in model development. The performances of the developed models were evaluated by calculating the deviations between the predicted and the actual values based on the performance indices of mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The results demonstrate thehigh capability of the LS-SVM and GMDH-type polynomial neural network for prediction of thickness and micro-hardness values with lowest MAE, RMSE and highest R2. Due to the high non-linearity behavior of porosity in coating process, the results obtained by these models for porosity are not very well.
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Maharajan, S., F. Michael Thomas Rex, D. Ravindran, and S. Rajakarunakaran. "Evaluation of solid particle erosion and electrochemical corrosion of plasma-sprayed WC/8YSZ coating on SS316." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 10, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 015026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac564c.
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Abstract Plasma spray coating enhances the corrosion and wear resistance of the stainless steel structures installed in marine applications. Hence, it is imperative to study the effectiveness of various coating combinations on the material’s performance. The present work investigates the effects of three different plasma-sprayed coatings on the wear and corrosive resistance of austenitic stainless steel (SS316). The three compositions of the coating were prepared using (i) Tungsten carbide (WC), (ii) 8 wt%. Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ), and (iii) 50 wt%. Tungsten carbide (WC) with 50 wt%. Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ). Experiments were conducted as per ASTM G76 to determine the erosive wear with a mixture of high-velocity air and Al2O3 abrasive particles. The corrosive medium used in the electrochemical polarisation tests was 3.5 wt%. NaCl. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of the eroded and corroded coatings. Energy Dispersive x-ray Analysis (EDAX) and X Ray Diffractrometry (XRD) analysis were carried out to reveal the phase composition, elemental distribution, and lattice parameters of uncoated and coated samples. The study reveals that the composite coating (WC + 8YSZ) have superior wear resistance when exposed to a high-velocity erodent. Due to the robust particle adhesion and cohesiveness of the (WC + 8YSZ) composite coating, crack initiation and propagation are rarely found on the surface of the composite coating, as evidenced by the surface wear morphology analysis. Further investigation reveals that the 8YSZ coating has excellent corrosion resistance. The SEM-based corrosive wear topography analysis reveals that the 8YSZ phase on the coated surface acts as a diffusion barrier to the electrolytic medium and a passive protective layer over the coating. Consequently, the micro-chipping of particles during exposure to the corrosive medium is prevented.
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Habeeb, Mais A., Mohammed J. Kadhim, Fadhil A. Hashim, and Maryam A. Bash. "Effect of Laser Treatment on the Surface Roughness of Multilayer Plasma Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coating System." Engineering and Technology Journal 39, no. 2A (February 25, 2021): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i2a.1570.
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Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are used in advanced engines working at higher temperatures. Higher efficiency and performance of gas turbine engines will require careful selection of TBCs. In this study, Ni22Cr10Al1.0Y (Amdry 9625) bond coat and two types of top coat including ceria stabilized zirconia (CSZ) ZrO2-24CeO2-2.5Y2O3) and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ZrO2-8Y2O3 were deposited on IN 625 by air plasma spraying (APS). The thickness of the duplex ceramic coat based on zirconia was in the range between 350 to 400 µm. The effect of high power Yb:YAG solid state laser at different laser parameters on feature, microstructure and roughness of plasma sprayed and laser sealed coating of multilayer ceria stabilized zirconia/ yttria stabilized zirconia was investigated. Surface roughness has been reduced significantly after laser sealing. The effect of laser process parameters carried out using Taguchi’s L16 orthogonal array design. Minimum roughness can be obtained at moderate power density and longer interaction time with sufficient specific energy to produce complete melting of coating. Characterization and analysis of results was achieved by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , (EDS) and image J analysis. It was found from the results, there were significant improvements in the performance of plasma sprayed coatings after laser sealing due to the reduction of surface coating defects.
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N, Venkat Karthik, Suresh Kumar V, Yuvaraj K, Balaji ., and Palani . "FEA Analysis and Experimental Investigation of the Ceramic Coating on Aluminum Piston Material By Plasma Spray Coating Technique." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 990–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40765.
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Abstract: Functionally graded materials are of widespread interest because of their superior properties such as corrosion, erosion and oxidation resistance, high hardness, chemical and thermal stability at cryogenic and high temperatures. These properties make them useful for many applications, including Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) on metallic substrates used at high temperatures in the fields of aircraft and aerospace, especially for thermal protection of components in gas turbines and diesel engines. The application of TBC reduces the heat loss to the engine cooling-jacket through the surface exposed to the heat transfer such as the cylinder head, liner, piston crown and piston rings. The insulation of the combustion chamber with ceramic coating affects the combustion process and, hence, the performance and exhaust emissions characteristics of the engines improve. In this project, the main emphasis is placed on the study of thermal behavior of functionally graded coatings obtained by means of using a commercial code, ANSYS on aluminum and steel piston surfaces and the results are verified with numerical and experimental works. Keywords: Thermal Barrier Coating, Piston, Insulation, Corrosion, ANSYS, engine cooling-jacket.
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LYU, CHEN, ZHENGJIANG XU, HUAIFENG LU, WEI TANG, JIAN LU, DANDAN YE, XIAOBING ZHAO, and GUOCHENG WANG. "MODULATION OF THE MICRO/NANOTOPOGRAPHY OF PLASMA-SPRAYED BIOMEDICAL COATINGS FOR ENHANCED OSTEOGENIC ACTIVITY." Surface Review and Letters 26, no. 09 (October 17, 2019): 1950061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x19500616.
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Surface micro/nanotopography of orthopedic implants plays a significant role in determining their biological performance. In this study, plasma jet was for the first time utilized to modulate the micro/nanostructure of the plasma-sprayed 50% Nb2O5-TiO2 coating on the biomedical Ti alloy based on its high temperature and super-high cooling rate characteristics. Results show that the plasma jet can modulate the shape, dimension and distribution of the surface grains in a process-parameter-dependent manner, thus being able to tailor the micro/nanotopography of the surface coating. In vitro cell culture experiments proved that the plasma jet-induced topographical changes have great effects on the osteogenic activity of the MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the coating surface.
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Zhang, Zheyi, Kai Yang, Jian Rong, Yin Zhuang, Yizhaotong Ai, Xinghua Zhong, Jing Sheng, Haifeng Yang, and Chuanxian Ding. "Study on Process Optimization of Sprayable Powders and Deposition Performance of Amorphous Al2O3–YAG Coatings." Coatings 10, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121158.
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In this study, the process optimization of sprayed powders and deposition performance for amorphous Al2O3–Y3Al5O12 (YAG) coatings was investigated. The solid-state reaction mechanism of the nano-sized Al2O3 and Y2O3 powders with eutectic molar ratio was studied by multiple step-by-step heating cycle calcination processes. The calcination process could be adjusted according the dominant control factors like chemical reaction rate or ion diffusion rate. Finally, the actual deposition performance of the calcined powders (Al2O3/YAG) was examined by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). XRD, SEM and DTA were used to characterize the powders and the as-sprayed coatings. The results showed that the reaction of Al2O3–Y2O3 system is a high temperature solid reaction dominated by Al3+ diffusion, the initial reaction process was usually belong to chemical kinetic range, then the reaction will be transformed from chemical kinetic range to diffusion dynamic range with the temperature increasing. The process optimization of powders was very effective, and the deposition effect of coating was effective.
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Ramazanova, Zh M., and M. G. Zamalitdinova. "Study of the Properties of Qxide Coatings Formed on Titanium by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Method." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 22, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj930.
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The development of the modern industry requires to develop high-performance, environmentally friendly methods for the production of light structural material surface coatings. The use of products and structures made of titanium and its alloys with high wear resistance and corrosion resistance prevails in many industries, in particular in the aerospace industry, shipbuilding, and transport engineering. Nowadays, the application of the plasma electrolytic oxidation method, a promising metal surface treatment method, is of increasing interest. Besides this method is called microarc oxidation. The objective of this work is to study the properties of oxide coatings obtained on titanium alloys under the influence of rapid pulsed effects of the plasma electrolytic oxidation process. Oxide composite coatings were obtained in various electrolyte solutions in this work. Oxide coatings are characterized by high wear resistance. It has been established in tribological tests that the wear resistance of the coating is increased by 2–15 times compared with an uncoated sample. The friction coefficient curves obtained for coated samples show that there is no destruction of the coating to the base. The breaking-in area is marked in the curves. The friction surfaces are adjusted to each other and go to a stable friction mode. The latter results in the friction coefficient decrease and wear rate decrease.
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Wu, Xiaoyu, Shufeng Xie, Kangwei Xu, Lei Huang, Daling Wei, and Jiajia Tian. "Enhancing Graphene Retention and Electrical Conductivity of Plasma-Sprayed Alumina/Graphene Nanoplatelets Coating by Powder Heat Treatment." Coatings 11, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11060643.
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Burning loss of graphene in the high-temperature plasma-spraying process is a critical issue, significantly limiting the remarkable performance improvement in graphene reinforced ceramic coatings. Here, we reported an effective approach to enhance the graphene retention, and thus improve the performance of plasma-sprayed alumina/graphene nanoplatelets (Al2O3/GNPs) coatings by heat treatment of agglomerated Al2O3/GNPs powders. The effect of powder heat treatment on the microstructure, GNPs retention, and electrical conductivity of Al2O3/GNPs coatings were systematically investigated. The results indicated that, with the increase in the powder heat treatment temperature, the plasma-sprayed Al2O3/GNPs coatings exhibited decreased porosity and improved adhesive strength. Thermogravimetric analysis and Raman spectra results indicated that increased GNPs retention from 12.9% to 28.4%, and further to 37.4%, as well as decreased structural defects, were obtained for the AG, AG850, and AG1280 coatings, respectively, which were fabricated by using AG powders without heat treatment, powders heat-treated at 850 °C, and powders heat-treated at 1280 °C. Moreover, the electrical conductivities of AG, AG850, and AG1280 coatings exhibited 3 orders, 4 orders, and 7 orders of magnitude higher than that of Al2O3 coating, respectively. Powder heat treatment is considered to increase the melting degree of agglomerated alumina particles, eventually leaving less thermal energy for GNPs to burn; thus, a high retention amount and structural integrity of GNPs and significantly enhanced electrical conductivity were achieved for the plasma-sprayed Al2O3/GNPs coatings.
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Liu, Jun Hai, Ji Hua Huang, Jun Bo Liu, and Gui Xiang Song. "Microstructure and Wear Resistance of TiC+Cr7C3 Reinforced Ceramal Composite Coating Produced by PTA Weld-Surfacing Process." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 1377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1377.
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A new type in situ reinforcing phase TiC+Cr7C3 ceramal composite coating was fabricated on substrate of Q235 steel by plasma transferred arc (PTA) weld-surfacing process using the mixture of ferrotitanium, ferrochromium, ferroboron and ferrosilicium powders. Microstructure and wear performance of the coating were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), microhardness tester and wear tester. Results show that the composite coating consists of TiC, primary phase Cr7C3 , (Cr,Fe)7C3 and austenite. The composite coating is metallurgically bonded to the Q235 steel substrate. TiC particles present cubic and “dendrite flower-like” shape in the composite coating. The coating has high microhardness and excellent wear resistance under dry-sliding wear test conditions.
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Ahmed Baduruthamal, Zahid, Abdul Samad Mohammed, A. Madhan Kumar, Mohamed A. Hussein, and Naser Al-Aqeeli. "Tribological and Electrochemical Characterization of UHMWPE Hybrid Nanocomposite Coating for Biomedical Applications." Materials 12, no. 22 (November 7, 2019): 3665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223665.
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A new approach of using a polymer hybrid nanocomposite coating to modify the surface of titanium and its alloys is explored in this study. Electrostatic spray coating process is used to deposit the coating on the plasma-treated substrates for better adhesion. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been selected as the parent matrix for the coating due to its biocompatibility and excellent tribological properties. However, to improve its load-bearing capacity carbon nanotubes (CNT’s) (0.5, 1.5, and 3 wt.%) are used as reinforcement and to further enhance its performance, different weight percent of hydroxyapatite (HA) (0.5, 1.5, 3, and 5 wt.%) are introduced to form a hybrid nanocomposite coating. The dispersion of CNT’s and HA was evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical corrosion behavior of the nanocomposite coatings was evaluated by performing potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic tests in simulated body fluid. Tribological performance of the developed hybrid nanocomposite coating was evaluated using a 6.3 mm diameter stainless steel (440C) ball as the counterface in a ball-on-disk configuration. Tests were carried out at different normal loads (7 N, 9 N, 12 N, and 15 N) and a constant sliding velocity of 0.1 m/s. The developed hybrid nanocomposite coating showed excellent mechanical properties in terms of high hardness, improved scratch resistance, and excellent wear and corrosion resistance compared to the pristine UHMWPE coatings.
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Zhao, Yuncai, Fei Yang, and Yongming Guo. "Research on the tribological properties of a textured lubricating wear-resistant coating modified by nano-SiC at high temperature." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 67, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-03-2014-0028.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the tribological properties of a textured lubricating wear-resistant coating modified by nano-SiC at a high temperature. Its aim is to explore the influence of a new composite method on the organisation and structure of sprayed coatings as well as the evolution rules governing their high-temperature tribological properties. Design/methodology/approach – A KF301/WS2 lubricating, wear-resisting, coating was prepared on matrix material GCr15 by applying supersonic plasma spraying technology. On the basis of this sample, using nano-SiC particles as a filler, the KF301/WS2 nano-modified coating with its round, pit-type texture was prepared by laser re-melting technology and a surface texturing technique. Two kinds of coating micro-organisations and structures were examined by scanning electron microscopy, and the tribological properties of both the modified and conventional coatings were studied at a high temperature. Findings – Results showed that nano-particles could effectively improve the coating micro-structure, and make the structure denser and more uniform, thus significantly increasing the wear resistance of the coating. When the friction and wear processes were stable, the friction coefficient decreased by 13 per cent, while the wear loss decreased by 45.9 per cent. Originality/value – This research concentrating on the study of the process and performance of coatings doped with nano-particles by laser re-melting incorporating simultaneous surface texturing, and studies of their high-temperature tribological properties. That is because applying nano-particle modification technology to the development of wear-resistant coatings, and by applying the nano-particles to such coatings by thermal spraying technology, they can achieve a modification of the coating which makes the structure denser and more uniform.
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Gadow, Rainer. "Ceramic Layer Composites in Advanced Automotive Engineering and Biomedical Applications." Key Engineering Materials 333 (March 2007): 177–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.333.177.
Full textAbstract:
Light weight engineering and composite technologies are key strategies in modern product development in mechanical engineering as well as in biomedical applications, where innovation is driven by novel material concepts and surface functionalities. Designed or customized surface properties by advanced coating technologies are an important discipline in this context. Ceramic, metallurgical and cermet layers can be manufactured in a most appropriate way by high energetic thermokinetic deposition techniques like plasma spraying, electric arc and last not least by supersonic flame spraying (HVOF). These technologies perform high deposition rates, high flexibility to use various materials and their combinations and applications in micro to macro scale products. The final properties of the coatings and layer composites do not just depend on the properties of the combined materials but, as in the case of ceramic coated light metals, are distinctly affected by the occurring residual stresses and their interaction with operational load stresses. With respect to the complex geometries of most components, their dimensional and positional tolerances a further strong influence of the robot kinematics of the plasma or HVOF torches during coating manufacturing is observed. By combining the expertise in materials and manufacturing engineering coatings and composites with high performance and reliability can be achieved. This is shown in the development of functionally coated cylinder liners and crankcases for ultra light weight engines as well as for ceramic coated bioinert and biodegradable substrates in medical surgery. It will be shown that cast engine block bores can be directly coated by using an automated HVOF process, obtaining improved coating results. The internal coating process by hypersonic flame spraying is a superior technological alternative to the APS process for high quality cylinder liner and engine crankcase applications. The applications of such ceramic and cermet coatings are not limited to automotive and biomedical applications, i. e. for wear and friction properties or biomedical compatibility, but can be used for tailored thermophysical, electrophysical or catalytic properties in various technical systems.
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Gómez Batres, Roberto, Zelma S. Guzmán Escobedo, Karime Carrera Gutiérrez, Irene Leal Berumen, Abel Hurtado Macias, Guillermo Herrera Pérez, and Víctor M. Orozco Carmona. "Impact Evaluation of High Energy Ball Milling Homogenization Process in the Phase Distribution of Hydroxyapatite-Barium Titanate Plasma Spray Biocoating." Coatings 11, no. 6 (June 17, 2021): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11060728.
Full textAbstract:
Air plasma spray technique (APS) is widely used in the biomedical industry for the development of HA-based biocoatings. The present study focuses on the influence of powder homogenization treatment by high-energy ball milling (HEBM) in developing a novel hydroxyapatite-barium titanate (HA/BT) composite coating deposited by APS; in order to compare the impact of the milling process, powders were homogenized by mechanical stirring homogenization (MSH) too. For the two-homogenization process, three weight percent ratios were studied; 10%, 30%, and 50% w/w of BT in the HA matrix. The phase and crystallite size were analyzed by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD); the BT-phase distribution in the coating was analyzed by backscattered electron image (BSE) with a scanning electron microscope (SEM); the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was used to determinate the Ca/P molar ratio of the coatings, the degree of adhesion (bonding strength) of coatings was determinate by pull-out test according to ASTM C633, and finally the nanomechanical properties was determinate by nanoindentation. In the results, the HEBM powder processing shows better efficiency in phase distribution, being the 30% (w/w) of BT in HA matrix that promotes the best bonding strength performance and failure type conduct (cohesive-type), on the other hand HEBM powder treatment promotes a slightly greater crystal phase stability and crystal shrank conduct against MSH; the HEBM promotes a better behavior in the nanomechanical properties of (i) adhesive strength, (ii) cohesive/adhesive failure-type, (iii) stiffness, (iv) elastic modulus, and (v) hardness properties.
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Dzhurinskiy, Dmitry V., Stanislav S. Dautov, Petr G. Shornikov, and Iskander Sh Akhatov. "Surface Modification of Aluminum 6061-O Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation to Improve Corrosion Resistance Properties." Coatings 11, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010004.
Full textAbstract:
In the present investigation, the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process was employed to form aluminum oxide coating layers to enhance corrosion resistance properties of high-strength aluminum alloys. The formed protective coating layers were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and characterized by several electrochemical techniques, including open circuit potential (OCP), linear potentiodynamic polarization (LP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results were reported in comparison with the bare 6061-O aluminum alloy to determine the corrosion performance of the coated 6061-O alloy. The PEO-treated aluminum alloy showed substantially higher corrosion resistance in comparison with the untreated substrate material. A relationship was found between the coating formation stage, process parameters and the thickness of the oxide-formed layers, which has a measurable influence on enhancing corrosion resistance properties. This study demonstrates promising results of utilizing PEO process to enhance corrosion resistance properties of high-strength aluminum alloys and could be recommended as a method used in industrial applications.
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Song, Yaya, Yanfei Huang, Weiling Guo, Xinyuan Zhou, Zhiguo Xing, Dongyu He, and Zhenlin Lv. "Electrical Properties of Li+-Doped Potassium Sodium Niobate Coating Prepared by Supersonic Plasma Spraying." Actuators 11, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act11020039.
Full textAbstract:
The current work aims to compare the effects of systematic A-site substitutions on the electrical properties of potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based coating. The A-site elements were replaced by Li+ to form (K0.4675Na0.4675Li0.065) NbO3 (KNLN). The pure KNN coating and the Li+-doped potassium sodium niobate (KNLN) coating with dense morphology and single perovskite structure were successfully prepared by supersonic plasma spraying, and the phase composition, microscopic morphology and electrical properties of the two coatings were compared and analyzed in detail by XRD, XPS, three-dimensional morphology and SEM on an Agilent 4294A (Santa Clara, CA, USA) and FE-5000 wide-range ferroelectric performance tester. The results show that: as the polarization voltage increases, the pure KNN coating is flatter and fuller, but the leakage current is large. The KNLN coating has a relatively long hysteresis loop and is easily polarized. The domain deflection responds faster to the external electric field, and the resistance of the domain wall motion to the external electric field is small. The dielectric constant of KNLN coating is 375, which is much higher than that of the pure KNN coating with 125, and the dielectric loss is stable at 0.01, which is lower than that of pure KNN coating at 0.1–0.35. This is because Li+ doping has successfully constructed a polycrystalline phase boundary in which O-T phases coexist, and has higher dielectric properties, piezoelectric properties and ferroelectric properties. At the same time, due to the high-temperature acceleration process in supersonic plasma spraying, the violent volatilization of the alkaline elements Li+, Na+ and K+ leads to the presence of oxygen vacancies and part of Nb4+ in the coating, which seriously affects the electrical properties of the coating.
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Chen, Junfu, Fenglong Zhang, Xianghui Ren, Yaoshen Wu, Shanguo Han, Manxia Cai, Zhenglong Li, and Likun Li. "Investigation of the Tribological Behavior and Microstructure of Plasma-Cladded Fe–Cr–Mo–Ni–B Coating." Materials 15, no. 19 (September 23, 2022): 6595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196595.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, an Fe–Cr–Mo–Ni–B coating was prepared using plasma cladding on Cr5 steel substrate. The microstructure, phase evolution and tribological performance of the Fe–Cr–Mo–Ni–B coating were investigated. The microstructure is mainly composed of Mo2FeB2, Fe2B, α-Fe, γ-Fe and MoB. The process of phase evolution in the coating was observed in situ by HT-CLSM. The Mo2FeB2 phase with good thermodynamic stability can exist in the high-temperature liquid phase. It also has a phenomenon of connection and merging and turns into different morphology during the plasma cladding process. The hardness value of coating was much higher than the base metal, and the hardness value of Mo2FeB2 (785.5 HV) was higher than the eutectic matrix (693.2 HV). The wear mechanisms of the cladding under dry sliding were primarily caused by adhesive wear, accompanying slight oxidation wear. The Mo2FeB2 phase has an important effect on the wear resistance property.
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Chen, Wen Long, Hong Jian Wu, Min Liu, and Xiao Ling Xiao. "Erosion Behavior of PS-PVD Thermal Barrier Coatings and the Effect of Composite Coating (PS-PVD + APS) Thickness." Materials Science Forum 993 (May 2020): 1095–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.1095.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, feather-column 7YSZ thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were prepared by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD). The anti-particle erosion test was carried out at room temperature to study the erosion behavior and failure mechanism of PS-PVD TBCs. The results showed that the particle erosion process of the PS-PVD TBCs experienced three stages of high-rate, medium-rate and slow-rate erosion. In order to improve the particle erosion resistance of the PS-PVD TBCs, different thicknesses of dense-layered coatings were prepared on the surface of the PS-PVD TBCs by air plasma spraying (APS). The effect of dense-layered thickness on the erosion behaviour of PS-PVD TBCs was discussed. Experimental results showed that, as the thickness of the dense-layered increased, the erosion resistance of the PS-PVD TBCs enhanced. When the thickness of the dense-layered coating was 5μm, it was not obvious upon the influence on the erosion failure behavior of the PS-PVD TBCs. In the case of a 10μm dense-layered coating, the erosion resistance performance of the PS-PVD TBCs improved by about 30%. While the erosion resistance performance of the PS-PVD TBCs increased almost 4 times when the thickness of the dense layer reached 20μm.