Journal articles: 'High-performance lithium-ion battery (LIB)'

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Zhang, Yaguang, Ning Du, and Deren Yang. "Designing superior solid electrolyte interfaces on silicon anodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries." Nanoscale 11, no. 41 (2019): 19086–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr05748j.

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Guo, Zhang, Zhien Liu, Wan Chen, Xianzhong Sun, Xiong Zhang, Kai Wang, and Yanwei Ma. "Battery-Type Lithium-Ion Hybrid Capacitors: Current Status and Future Perspectives." Batteries 9, no. 2 (January 21, 2023): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9020074.

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The lithium-ion battery (LIB) has become the most widely used electrochemical energy storage device due to the advantage of high energy density. However, because of the low rate of Faradaic process to transfer lithium ions (Li+), the LIB has the defects of poor power performance and cycle performance, which can be improved by adding capacitor material to the cathode, and the resulting hybrid device is also known as a lithium-ion battery capacitor (LIBC). This review introduces the typical structure and working principle of an LIBC, and it summarizes the recent research developments in advanced LIBCs. An overview of non-lithiated and pre-lithiated anode materials for LIBCs applications is given, and the commonly used pre-lithiation methods for the anodes of LIBCs are present. Capacitor materials added to the cathodes, and suitable separator materials of LIBCs are also reviewed. In addition, the polarization phenomenon, pulsed performance and safety issues of LIBCs and electrode engineering for improving electrochemical performance are systematically analyzed. Finally, the future research and development direction of advanced LIBCs is prospected through the discussion of the existing problems of an LIBC in which the battery material in the composite cathode is LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (NCM).

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An, Kihun, Yen Hai Thi Tran, Sehyun Kwak, Seong Jun Park, and Seung-Wan Song. "Enhanced Safety, High-Rate and High-Voltage Performance of a Lithium-Ion Battery Using Nonflammable Liquid Electrolyte." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012314mtgabs.

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These days lithium-ion battery (LIB) market is rapidly expanding by electric mobilities and stationary energy storage system industries. One of the biggest challenges in the research and development of advanced LIB is to achieve simultaneously outstanding energy density, cycle life, charge rate, and safety. For fast charging, battery chemistry and reaction kinetics are being evolved from the current hours scale toward minutes scale charging. In the LIB electrolyte perspective, the conventional carbonate-based liquid electrolyte has several limitations in safety and high-rate and high-voltage performance, due to low thermal and anodic stabilities under extreme operation conditions like high temperature, high-current, and high-voltage. To mitigate those issues, we have been developing new and safe electrolyte without any trade-off with cycling performance and energy density of Li-ion batteries. Herein, we present high-rate and high-voltage cycling performance and high safety of nickel-rich cathode-based lithium-ion full-cell fabricated with nonflammable liquid electrolyte. The correlation between the stability of nonflammable liquid electrolyte and its derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and performance will be discussed in this meeting. Acknowledgements This research was supported by the National Research Foundation grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (No. 2019R1A2C1084024).

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Li, Haibo, Rui Niu, Sen Liang, Yulong Ma, Min Luo, Jin Li, and Lijun He. "Sulfonated Reduced Graphene Oxide: A High Performance Anode Material for Lithium Ion Battery." Nano 10, no. 04 (June 2015): 1550054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179329201550054x.

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In this work, the sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (SRGO) was synthesized and proposed as an enhanced anode material for lithium ion battery (LIB). The result shows that the SRGO has an improved battery performance (i.e., ∼341.7 mAh/g and ∼190.6 mAh/g corresponds to SRGO and RGO at the 100th cycle with a current density of 200 mA/g) and superior cycling stability compared with pristine reduced graphene oxide (RGO). These are attributed to the improved specific surface area (448.35 m2/g) and conductivity (2.5 × 10-4 S/m). Further, the SRGO exhibits good rate capability and excellent energy density at various current densities ranging from 50 mAh/g to 2000 mAh/g, suggesting that SRGO could be a promising anode material for high capacity LIB.

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Zhang, Zichao, Li Li, Qi Xu, and Bingqiang Cao. "3D hierarchical Co3O4 microspheres with enhanced lithium-ion battery performance." RSC Advances 5, no. 76 (2015): 61631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11472a.

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3D hierarchical Co₃O₄ microspheres are fabricated by a facile and green hydrothermal process. When applied as LIB anodes, the 3D urchin-like Co₃O₄ exhibit high reversible discharge capacity, excellent rate capability and good cycling performance.

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Xu, Jianguang, Menglan Jin, Xinlu Shi, Qiuyu Li, Chengqiang Gan, and Wei Yao. "Preparation of TiSi2 Powders with Enhanced Lithium-Ion Storage via Chemical Oven Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis." Nanomaterials 11, no. 9 (September 2, 2021): 2279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11092279.

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Although silicon has highest specific capacity as anode for lithium-ion battery (LIB), its large volume change during the charge/discharge process becomes a great inevitable hindrance before commercialization. Metal silicides may be an alternative choice because they have the ability to accommodate the volume change by dispersing Si in the metal matrix as well as very good electrical conductivity. Herein we report on the suitability of lithium-ion uptake in C54 TiSi2 prepared by the “chemical oven” self-propagating high-temperature synthesis from the element reactants, which was known as an inactive metal silicide in lithium-ion storage previously. After being wrapped by graphene, the agglomeration of TiSi2 particles has been efficiently prevented, resulting in an enhanced lithium-ion storage performance when using as an anode for LIB. The as-received TiSi2/RGO hybrid exhibits considerable activities in the reversible lithiation and delithiation process, showing a high reversible capacity of 358 mAh/g at a current density of 50 mA/g. Specially, both TiSi2 and TiSi2/RGO electrodes show a remarkable enhanced electrochemical performance along with the cycle number, indicating the promising potential in lithium-ion storage of this silicide. Ex-situ XRD during charge/discharge process reveals alloying reaction may contribute to the capacity of TiSi2. This work suggests that TiSi2 and other inactive transition metal silicides are potential promising anode materials for Li-ion battery and capacitor.

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Matts, Ian L., Andrei Klementov, Scott Sisco, Kuldeep Kumar, and Se Ryeon Lee. "Improving High-Nickel Cathode Active Material Performance in Lithium-Ion Batteries with Functionalized Binder Chemistry." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012362mtgabs.

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As the lithium-ion battery (LIB) market expands, driven mostly by the mass adoption of electric vehicles, LIB development is continually being pushed in the direction of higher energy density and lower cost. Both of these trends are leading to widespread development of LIB formulations using high-nickel cathode active materials, such as NMC811. In these materials, the high nickel content increases the amount of electrochemically accessible lithium in the cathode, increasing the cell energy density, while decreasing the amount of cobalt used, which decreases the cost of the cathode material. However, these materials also have drawbacks. First, NMC811 suffers from lower cycle life than higher-Co NMC materials such as NMC111 or NMC622. Second, NMC811 has poorer safety characteristics than lower energy density materials. Finally, NMC811 cathodes are known to experience gassing issues during cycling, which creates challenges in commercialization, especially for pouch cell battery designs. Many approaches have been explored in the industry to address these shortcomings, including active material modification, electrolyte design, etc. In this presentation, binder functionalization will be presented as an alternative pathway to improve high-Ni cathode performance. LIB cathode binder is commonly high molecular weight PVDF, which provides good mechanical properties at low weight fractions as well as high electrochemical stability, but it is predominantly inert. Here, approaches of introducing novel binders tailored for high-Ni cathode systems will be discussed. Effectiveness of modifications, specifically their impact on LIB cycle life and safety, will be discussed.

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Kwon, Soon-Jong, Sung-Eun Lee, Ji-Hun Lim, Jinhyeok Choi, and Jonghoon Kim. "Performance and Life Degradation Characteristics Analysis of NCM LIB for BESS." Electronics 7, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7120406.

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The battery energy storage system (BESS) market is growing rapidly around the world. Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (LiNiCoMnO2) is attracting attention due to its excellent energy density, high output power, and fast response characteristics. It is being extensively researched and is finding use in many applications, such as in electric vehicles (EV) and energy storage systems (ESS). The performance and lifetime characteristics of a battery change for varying Ni contents. The consideration of these characteristics of a battery allow for a more reliable battery management system (BMS) design. In this study, various experiments and analyses were carried out using a lithium-ion battery (NCM LIB) with differing Ni contents. In particular, the following two combinations were studied: LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2(NCM523) and LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622). Various analyses were performed, such as C-rate (C-rate is the charge-discharge rate of a battery relative to nominal capacity) performance tests, hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC), accelerated deterioration experiments, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), parameter estimations of battery equivalent circuits through alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) impedance, and comparative analyses of battery modeling.

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Fernandez, Nikolas Krisma Hadi, and Farid Triawan. "TEKNOLOGI SEPARATOR PADA BATERAI LI-ION: MATERIAL, TEKNIK FABRIKASI, DAN UJI PERFORMA." Media Mesin: Majalah Teknik Mesin 24, no. 1 (January 19, 2023): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/mesin.v24i1.20029.

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The trend of using electric vehicles is increasing. With the increasing use of electric vehicles, it is necessary to master the key technologies used by electric vehicles, one of which is batteries, especially lithium-ion batteries (LiB). There are many important components in the LiB, one of which is a separator that serves to block short circuits between the anode and cathode of the battery while providing a way for ion exchange to continue. This article summarizes important information related to battery separator technology. The information includes the materials that have been used in commercial products and those of under research and development. In addition, the method of fabricating the separator using conventional methods and 3D printing is discussed. Finally, this article also discusses how several studies perform performance tests on separator materials. Keywords: battery separator, fabrication, materials, performance test, lithium-ion battery.

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Spitthoff, Lena, Paul R. Shearing, and Odne Stokke Burheim. "Temperature, Ageing and Thermal Management of Lithium-Ion Batteries." Energies 14, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051248.

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Heat generation and therefore thermal transport plays a critical role in ensuring performance, ageing and safety for lithium-ion batteries (LIB). Increased battery temperature is the most important ageing accelerator. Understanding and managing temperature and ageing for batteries in operation is thus a multiscale challenge, ranging from the micro/nanoscale within the single material layers to large, integrated LIB packs. This paper includes an extended literature survey of experimental studies on commercial cells investigating the capacity and performance degradation of LIB. It compares the degradation behavior in terms of the influence of operating conditions for different chemistries and cell sizes. A simple thermal model for linking some of these parameters together is presented as well. While the temperature appears to have a large impact on ageing acceleration above room temperature during cycling for all studied cells, the effect of SOC and C rate appear to be rather cell dependent.Through the application of new simulations, it is shown that during cell testing, the actual cell temperature can deviate severely from the reported temperature depending on the thermal management during testing and C rate. It is shown, that the battery lifetime reduction at high C rates can be for large parts due to an increase in temperature especially for high energy cells and poor cooling during cycling studies. Measuring and reporting the actual battery (surface) temperature allow for a proper interpretation of results and transferring results from laboratory experiments to real applications.

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Kim, Dongheun, Sun Hae Ra Shin, Yeonhoo Kim, Kenneth Crossley, Yerim Kim, Hyungkyu Han, and Jinkyoung Yoo. "Hierarchical assembly of ZnO nanowire trunks decorated with ZnO nanosheets for lithium ion battery anodes." RSC Advances 10, no. 23 (2020): 13655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra00372g.

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Muhammad Fikri Irsyad Mat Razi, Zul Hilmi Che Daud, Zainab Asus, Izhari Izmi Mazali, Mohd Ibtisyam Ardani, and Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid. "A Review of Internal Resistance and Temperature Relationship, State of Health and Thermal Runaway for Lithium-Ion Battery Beyond Normal Operating Condition." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 88, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.88.2.123132.

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One of the most popular energy sources in electrical circuitry is the lithium-ion battery (LIB) and it can be found in a variety of products from the smallest unit such as Airpod, smartwatch, smartphone to as big as farming drones, industrial robots, and electric vehicles. But the usage of lithium-ion batteries is limited to a range of temperatures. The normal operating temperature range for LIB is 40°C~65°C. Despite this, there are still cases where operating LIB at high temperature is unavoidable for example deep earth pipeline inspection in the oil & gas industry, sterilization of medical tools in the medical industry, harsh condition robots and drones in the industrial sector, and high ambient power storage for photovoltaic system. Operating LIB beyond normal conditions will affect the battery in several ways. In this paper, the effect of temperature on internal resistance is demonstrated by several studies, the results show LIB internal resistance decrease as temperature increase. Operating LIB beyond normal operating conditions can also lead to faster battery degradation. Battery state of health (SOH) is used to indicate battery degradation level. A battery with a low SOH performs poorly in terms of power delivery compared to a high SOH battery. In addition, operating LIB beyond normal operating conditions, stresses such as thermal stress can damage the battery and instigate thermal runaway causing violent combustion and explosion.

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Loaiza, Laura C., Elodie Salager, Nicolas Louvain, Athmane Boulaoued, Antonella Iadecola, Patrik Johansson, Lorenzo Stievano, Vincent Seznec, and Laure Monconduit. "Understanding the lithiation/delithiation mechanism of Si1−xGex alloys." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 24 (2017): 12462–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta02100c.

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Ge_xSi_1−x alloys have demonstrated synergetic effects as lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes because silicon brings its high lithium storage capacity and germanium its better electronic and Li ion conductivity.

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Lee, Dongcheul, Boram Koo, Chee Burm Shin, So-Yeon Lee, Jinju Song, Il-Chan Jang, and Jung-Je Woo. "Modeling the Effect of the Loss of Cyclable Lithium on the Performance Degradation of a Lithium-Ion Battery." Energies 12, no. 22 (November 18, 2019): 4386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224386.

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This paper reports a modeling methodology to predict the effect of the loss of cyclable lithium of a lithium-ion battery (LIB) cell comprised of a LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode, natural graphite anode, and an organic electrolyte on the discharge behavior. A one-dimensional model based on a finite element method is presented to calculate the discharge behaviors of an LIB cell during galvanostatic discharge for various levels of the loss of cyclable lithium. Modeling results for the variation of the cell voltage of the LIB cell are compared with experimental measurements during galvanostatic discharge at various discharge rates for three different levels of the loss of cyclable lithium to validate the model. The calculation results obtained from the model are in good agreement with the experimental measurements. On the basis of the validated modeling approach, the effects of the loss of cyclable lithium on the discharge capacity and available discharge power of the LIB cell are estimated. The modeling results exhibit strong dependencies of the discharge behavior of an LIB cell on the discharge C-rate and the loss of cyclable lithium.

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Simeon, Kremzow-Tennie, Scholz Tobias, Pautzke Friedbert, Popp Alexander, Fechtner Heiko, and Schmuelling Benedikt. "A Comprehensive Overview of the Impacting Factors on a Lithium-Ion-Battery’s Overall Efficiency." Power Electronics and Drives 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pead-2022-0002.

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Abstract This comprehensive overview of the impacting factors on lithium-ion-battery’s (LIB) overall efficiency presents the most relevant influencing factors on a battery’s performance. Dissected into their respective short-term and long-term influences, the working principles behind the efficiency influencing factors are presented. With a strong focus on battery characterisation, charge-profiles and battery management systems (BMSs), the authors present results of their own practical research with a detailed literary analysis, allowing a broad coverage of the complex topic. Finally, the authors present a principle model that indicates the interactions between the different involved components of the battery.

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Ghiji, Mohammadmahdi, Vasily Novozhilov, Khalid Moinuddin, Paul Joseph, Ian Burch, Brigitta Suendermann, and Grant Gamble. "A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Suppression." Energies 13, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 5117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195117.

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Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are a proven technology for energy storage systems, mobile electronics, power tools, aerospace, automotive and maritime applications. LiBs have attracted interest from academia and industry due to their high power and energy densities compared to other battery technologies. Despite the extensive usage of LiBs, there is a substantial fire risk associated with their use which is a concern, especially when utilised in electric vehicles, aeroplanes, and submarines. This review presents LiB hazards, techniques for mitigating risks, the suppression of LiB fires and identification of shortcomings for future improvement. Water is identified as an efficient cooling and suppressing agent and water mist is considered the most promising technique to extinguish LiB fires. In the initial stages, the present review covers some relevant information regarding the material constitution and configuration of the cell assemblies, and phenomenological evolution of the thermal runaway reactions, which in turn can potentially lead to flaming combustion of cells and battery assemblies. This is followed by short descriptions of various active fire control agents to suppress fires involving LiBs in general, and water as a superior extinguishing medium in particular. In the latter parts of the review, the phenomena associated with water mist suppression of LiB fires are comprehensively reviewed.

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von Boeselager, Christina, Alexander Müller, Johanna Helm, Julian Brodhun, Arne Glodde, Alexander Olowinsky, Ruben Leithoff, et al. "Durchsatzgesteigerte Batteriezellproduktion/A novel high-throuput process for the production of lithium ion battery cells." wt Werkstattstechnik online 110, no. 09 (2020): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2020-09-15.

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Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen (LIB) erfahren eine steigende Nachfrage, vor allem in der Automobilindustrie. Um diese Nachfrage zu decken, müssen hoch produktive und kosteneffiziente Verfahren in der Batteriezellproduktion zur Verfügung stehen. In diesem Beitrag werden die Entwicklung und die Verkettung neuer Prozesse für die Batteriezellproduktion vorgestellt. Die entwickelten Prozesse steigern die Produktivität bei gleichzeitiger Senkung der Produktionskosten.   The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) increases, especially in terms of automotive applications. To cover the high demand and to meet cost requirements, cost-efficient and highly productive processes need to be developed for lithium-ion battery production. This article presents a new process chain with novel continuous and efficiently linked processes.

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Zhu, Chunyu, and Tomohiro Akiyama. "Cotton derived porous carbon via an MgO template method for high performance lithium ion battery anodes." Green Chemistry 18, no. 7 (2016): 2106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc02397a.

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Lee, Jung-Soo, Ken Sakaushi, Markus Antonietti, and Jiayin Yuan. "Poly(ionic liquid) binders as Li+ conducting mediators for enhanced electrochemical performance." RSC Advances 5, no. 104 (2015): 85517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra16535k.

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A series of poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) were used as binders for lithium-ion battery (LIB) with a LiFePO₄ cathode to explore their role and benefits in a model electrochemical energy storage system.

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Li, Zhaohuai, Qiu He, Liang He, Ping Hu, Wei Li, Haowu Yan, Xianzhou Peng, Congyun Huang, and Liqiang Mai. "Self-sacrificed synthesis of carbon-coated SiOx nanowires for high capacity lithium ion battery anodes." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 8 (2017): 4183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta10583a.

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Fei, Ge, Shuai Duan, Mingxin Zhang, Zebin Ren, Yangfan Cui, Xin Chen, Yunxian Liu, Wencai Yi, and Xiaobing Liu. "Predicted stable Li5P2 and Li4P at ambient pressure: novel high-performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 34 (2020): 19172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp03297b.

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Two novel Li–P states as P3m1 Li₅P₂ and R3̄m Li₄P are predicted to have high battery capacities of 2164 and 3462 mA h g⁻¹, respectively. They can be quenchable down to ambient conditions and are promising candidates for high-performance LIB anode materials.

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Choi, Woon Ih, Insun Park, Jae Sik An, Dong Young Kim, Meiten Koh, Inkook Jang, Dae Sin Kim, Yoon-Sok Kang, and Youngseon Shim. "Controlling Gas Generation of Li-Ion Battery through Divinyl Sulfone Electrolyte Additive." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 13 (June 30, 2022): 7328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137328.

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The focus of mainstream lithium-ion battery (LIB) research is on increasing the battery’s capacity and performance; however, more effort should be invested in LIB safety for widespread use. One aspect of major concern for LIB cells is the gas generation phenomenon. Following conventional battery engineering practices with electrolyte additives, we examined the potential usage of electrolyte additives to address this specific issue and found a feasible candidate in divinyl sulfone (DVSF). We manufactured four identical battery cells and employed an electrolyte mixture with four different DVSF concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%). By measuring the generated gas volume from each battery cell, we demonstrated the potential of DVSF additives as an effective approach for reducing the gas generation in LIB cells. We found that a DVSF concentration of only 1% was necessary to reduce the gas generation by approximately 50% while simultaneously experiencing a negligible impact on the cycle life. To better understand this effect on a molecular level, we examined possible electrochemical reactions through ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) based on the density functional theory (DFT). From the electrolyte mixture’s exposure to either an electrochemically reductive or an oxidative environment, we determined the reaction pathways for the generation of CO2 gas and the mechanism by which DVSF additives effectively blocked the gas’s generation. The key reaction was merging DVSF with cyclic carbonates, such as FEC. Therefore, we concluded that DVSF additives could offer a relatively simplistic and effective approach for controlling the gas generation in lithium-ion batteries.

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Sekar, Sankar, Youngmin Lee, Deuk Young Kim, and Sejoon Lee. "Substantial LIB Anode Performance of Graphitic Carbon Nanoflakes Derived from Biomass Green-Tea Waste." Nanomaterials 9, no. 6 (June 7, 2019): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9060871.

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Biomass-derived carbonaceous constituents constitute fascinating green technology for electrochemical energy-storage devices. In light of this, interconnected mesoporous graphitic carbon nanoflakes were synthesized by utilizing waste green-tea powders through the sequential steps of air-assisted carbonization, followed by potassium hydroxide activation and water treatment. Green-tea waste-derived graphitic carbon displays an interconnected network of aggregated mesoporous nanoflakes. When using the mesoporous graphitic carbon nanoflakes as an anode material for the lithium-ion battery, an initial capacity of ~706 mAh/g and a reversible discharge capacity of ~400 mAh/g are achieved. Furthermore, the device sustains a large coulombic efficiency up to 96% during 100 operation cycles under the applied current density of 0.1 A/g. These findings depict that the bio-generated mesoporous graphitic carbon nanoflakes could be effectively utilized as a high-quality anode material in lithium-ion battery devices.

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Al Qubeissi, Mansour, Ayob Mahmoud, Moustafa Al-Damook, Ali Almshahy, Zinedine Khatir, Hakan Serhad Soyhan, and Raja Mazuir Raja Ahsan Shah. "Comparative Analysis of Battery Thermal Management System Using Biodiesel Fuels." Energies 16, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010565.

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Liquid fuel has been the main source of energy in internal combustion engines (ICE) for decades. However, lithium-ion batteries (LIB) have replaced ICE for environmentally friendly vehicles and reducing fossil fuel dependence. This paper focuses on the comparative analysis of battery thermal management system (BTMS) to maintain a working temperature in the range 15–35 °C and prevent thermal runaway and high temperature gradient, consequently increasing LIB lifecycle and performance. The proposed approach is to use biodiesel as the engine feed and coolant. A 3S2P LIB module is simulated using Ansys-Fluent CFD software tool. Four selective dielectric biodiesels are used as coolants, namely palm, karanja, jatropha, and mahua oils. In comparison to the conventional coolants in BTMS, mainly air and 3M Novec, biodiesel fuels have been proven as coolants to maintain LIB temperature within the optimum working range. For instance, the use of palm biodiesel can lightweight the BTMS by 43%, compared with 3M Novec, and likewise maintain BTMS performance.

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Zhang, Tingting, Emilia Olsson, Mohammadmehdi Choolaei, Vlad Stolojan, Chuanqi Feng, Huimin Wu, Shiquan Wang, and Qiong Cai. "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Bi2MoO6/Carbon Anode for Lithium-Ion Battery Application." Materials 13, no. 5 (March 4, 2020): 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051132.

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High capacity electrode materials are the key for high energy density Li-ion batteries (LIB) to meet the requirement of the increased driving range of electric vehicles. Here we report the synthesis of a novel anode material, Bi2MoO6/palm-carbon composite, via a simple hydrothermal method. The composite shows higher reversible capacity and better cycling performance, compared to pure Bi2MoO6. In 0–3 V, a potential window of 100 mA/g current density, the LIB cells based on Bi2MoO6/palm-carbon composite show retention reversible capacity of 664 mAh·g−1 after 200 cycles. Electrochemical testing and ab initio density functional theory calculations are used to study the fundamental mechanism of Li ion incorporation into the materials. These studies confirm that Li ions incorporate into Bi2MoO6 via insertion to the interstitial sites in the MoO6-layer, and the presence of palm-carbon improves the electronic conductivity, and thus enhanced the performance of the composite materials.

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Ajayi, Samuel O., and Kolawole O. Ajanaku. "Core-shell Architecture Strategy of Improving the Electrochemical Performance of the Li-rich Layered Oxides: A Review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1054, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1054/1/012011.

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Abstract Lithium-ion battery (LIB) serves as power supply for suitable electronics and stationary electrical systems (storage) as a result of their outstanding combination of extraordinary densities (power and energy). The cathode constitutes an integral part of LIBs and its property determines the performance of the battery. The layered lithium-rich oxide (LLO) is unique and favourable cathode materials for LIBs as a result of its high capacity compared to conventional cathode materials such as LiNiO2 etc. However, they demonstrate several performance limitations such as low first cycle efficiency and poor cycling stability thus, limiting their practical applications. Therefore, this review discussed a core-shell architecture strategy of enhancing the electrochemical performance of the LLOs materials for LIBs.

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Guan, Jian, Xiongwu Zhong, Xiang Chen, Xianjun Zhu, Panlong Li, Jianhua Wu, Yalin Lu, Yan Yu, and Shangfeng Yang. "Expanding pore sizes of ZIF-8-derived nitrogen-doped microporous carbon via C60 embedding: toward improved anode performance for the lithium-ion battery." Nanoscale 10, no. 5 (2018): 2473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr07829c.

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Tran, Quang Nhat, Il Tae Kim, Sangkwon Park, Hyung Wook Choi, and Sang Joon Park. "SnO2 Nanoflower–Nanocrystalline Cellulose Composites as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Materials 13, no. 14 (July 15, 2020): 3165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13143165.

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One of the biggest challenges in the commercialization of tin dioxide (SnO2)-based lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes is the volume expansion of SnO2 during the charge–discharge process. Additionally, the aggregation of SnO2 also deteriorates the performance of anode materials. In this study, we prepared SnO2 nanoflowers (NFs) using nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC) to improve the surface area, prevent the particle aggregation, and alleviate the change in volume of LIB anodes. Moreover, CNC served not only as the template for the synthesis of the SnO2 NFs but also as a conductive material, after annealing the SnO2 NFs at 800 °C to improve their electrochemical performance. The obtained CNC–SnO2NF composite was used as an active LIB electrode material and exhibited good cycling performance and a high initial reversible capacity of 891 mA h g−1, at a current density of 100 mA g−1. The composite anode could retain 30% of its initial capacity after 500 charge–discharge cycles.

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Hamisi, Charles Mohamed, Pius Victor Chombo, Yossapong Laoonual, and Somchai Wongwises. "An Electrothermal Model to Predict Thermal Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery under Overcharge Condition." Energies 15, no. 6 (March 21, 2022): 2284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062284.

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Understanding the thermal characteristics of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under various operating situations is critical for improving battery safety. Although the application of LIBs in the real world is mostly transient, many previous models consider the phenomenon of the constant state. This study examines thermal behavior by developing a 2D electrothermal model to predict the thermal behavior of LIBs with overcharge abuse in high thermal conditions. The 18,650 cylindrical LiCoO2 graphite is investigated in a thermally controlled chamber at 35, 50, and 60 °C with a K-type thermocouple mounted on the LIB surface under charging rates of 1C, 2C, and 3C to acquire quantitative data regarding the thermal response of LIBs. Maximum critical temperatures are found at 62.6 to 78.9 °C, 66.4 to 83.5 °C, and 72.1 to 86.6 °C at 1C, 2C, and 3C, respectively. Comparing simulation analysis and experimental conditions, the highest relative error of 1.71% was obtained. It was found that relative errors increase as the charging rate increases. Moreover, increasing the charging current and surrounding temperature significantly increases the battery’s surface temperature. Furthermore, battery heat distribution appears almost uniform and tends to increase towards the positive terminal because cathode material is highly resistant. In addition, increasing the LIB heat transfer coefficient could positively improve the battery performance by eventually curbing the rise in battery temperature and reducing non-uniformity.

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Park, Tae Wan, Young Lim Kang, Sang Hyeon Lee, Gu Won No, Eun-Soo Park, Chan Park, Junghoon Lee, and Woon Ik Park. "Formation of Li2CO3 Nanostructures for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Application by Nanotransfer Printing." Materials 14, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071585.

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Various high-performance anode and cathode materials, such as lithium carbonate, lithium titanate, cobalt oxides, silicon, graphite, germanium, and tin, have been widely investigated in an effort to enhance the energy density storage properties of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the structural manipulation of anode materials to improve the battery performance remains a challenging issue. In LIBs, optimization of the anode material is a key technology affecting not only the power density but also the lifetime of the device. Here, we introduce a novel method by which to obtain nanostructures for LIB anode application on various surfaces via nanotransfer printing (nTP) process. We used a spark plasma sintering (SPS) process to fabricate a sputter target made of Li2CO3, which is used as an anode material for LIBs. Using the nTP process, various Li2CO3 nanoscale patterns, such as line, wave, and dot patterns on a SiO2/Si substrate, were successfully obtained. Furthermore, we show highly ordered Li2CO3 nanostructures on a variety of substrates, such as Al, Al2O3, flexible PET, and 2-Hydroxylethyl Methacrylate (HEMA) contact lens substrates. It is expected that the approach demonstrated here can provide new pathway to generate many other designable structures of various LIB anode materials.

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Butarbutar, Leyoni Metanencya, and Slamet Priyono. "Effect of Solid Content in Electrochemical Performance of Graphite Anode of Lithium-ion Batteries." Journal of Technomaterial Physics 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jotp.v4i1.7731.

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Rechargeable batteries have been implemented in most portable electronic devices. Lithium-ion battery (LIB), as the main power source, dominates the mobile device market due to its high energy density, long shelf life, and environmentally friendly operation. In the rechargeable lithium-ion battery, there are four main components, one of which is the anode. The anode material used is commercial graphite. Thus, this study aims to determine the effect of solid content solvents on battery performance. The main discussion in this study is to analyze the effect of solvent variations of N, N Dimethyl Acetamide (DMAC) on the characteristics of the sheet and the difference in solid content of graphite anode sheets on battery performance. Identification of the formed phase was carried out by XRD, reduction and oxidation reactions by cyclic voltammetry test, battery capacity by charge/discharge test, and study of the electrochemical characteristics of the electrode material by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test. The best anode sheet is produced by mixing 2.5 mL DMAC solvent at a thickness of 0.07 mm with a solid content of 25%. The results of the charge-discharge test showed a specific capacity of 309.33 mAh/g in the first cycle.

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Daya, A., and S. Paul Sathiyan. "Review on Li-Ion Based Battery Chemistry: Challenges and Opportunities." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1258, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1258/1/012041.

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Level of demand of Li-ion battery (LIB) applications are arising, including Electric Drive Vehicles and Energy Storage devices, cell design and performance requirements are continually changing, that poses unique difficulties to existing battery manufacturers. In response, there is an inevitable requirement of high-power density and energy in the function of LIB. In this review we have discussed about the alternate battery technologies which can potentially replace the existing LIB technology. Li battery’s electrical performances, their challenges the world will face in the near future as well as the upcoming battery technologies like graphene batteries, redox flow batteries which have the potential to compete in the current market have been discussed in this paper.

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Ma, Chunyan, Jorge Gamarra, Michael Svärd, Reza Younesi, and Kerstin Forsberg. "Recycling of Lithium-Ion Battery Materials Using Deep Eutectic Solvents." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 5 (July 7, 2022): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-015591mtgabs.

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To drive the transition to a climate-neutral economy, industry will need a sustainable and secure supply of key technology metals, which are essential for large-scale renewable energy production and storage as well as the electrification of mobility. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) play an increasingly important role for various energy storage systems. The current and future LIB technologies will require materials that are predicted to have a high supply risk in the future. In light of this, recycling has been put forward as a key strategy next to primary mining and critical raw material substitution. Great efforts are currently being made to develop smart and sustainable processes for recycling LIB materials from end-of life batteries and production scrap. Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) and lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) are two common LIB electrode materials. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are considered as green solvents in recycling of LIB materials due to their biodegradability and low toxicity combined with good leachability of metal oxides. In this work, a new process for recycling and direct re-synthesis of NMC111 and LCO is presented. The process is based on leaching using a sustainable DES. Water is used as cosolvent to tune the properties of the DES. Leaching kinetics and mechanisms are determined. The chosen DES shows excellent leaching ability and fast leaching rate at low temperature compared with those DESs reported in the literature. After the leaching step, a new approach is applied to recover the metals from the DES leachate. This approach shows an overall high recovery efficiency and the solid product proves to be a good precursor for direct re-synthesis of new electrode materials. To conclude, this work presents a novel, green, effective and closed-loop metal recovery strategy for recycling LIB materials.

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Jia, Yikai, and Jun Xu. "Machine Learning Lithium-Ion Battery Safety Risk Level Classification." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 26 (October 9, 2022): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02261015mtgabs.

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Due to inevitable external mechanical abusive loadings, lithium-ion batteries (LIB) will suffer damages or defects. If the safety risk level of the cell is unknown, an early decision cannot be made. In this work, we develop a Random Forest (RF) based classification model to implement online safety risk level classification with low time cost and high accuracy. Four levels of battery cell safety risk are defined: a). Normal; b), Latent risk (defective cells, short circuit but normal operation); c). Low risk (short circuit without possible TR triggering); d). High risk (short circuit with possible TR triggering). The training dataset combines experimental data and simulation data from the multi-physical model. The training samples consist of voltage, current, and temperature signals under different operating conditions and different risk level scenarios. The prediction results show that the classifiers have a good performance and robustness. This approach will provide insight into the identification, monitoring, and early warning of battery safety issues.

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DiCesare, Jake, Ji Wu, Logan Williams, and Olivia Sheppard. "Antimony Nanobelt Asymmetric Membranes for High Capacity Sodium Ion Battery Anodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 64 (October 9, 2022): 2300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02642300mtgabs.

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The standard lithium-ion battery (LIB) using graphite electrodes has become exceedingly important in today’s world. Everything from electric cars to solar energy storage systems need these batteries, and the capabilities and progress of these devices rely on the steady advancement of battery technology. However, lithium is a scarce resource and is projected to run out with the ever-increasing demand we are placing on it. For this reason, we are investigating sodium ion batteries (SIB) as an alternative to LIB. While many methods have been studied to improve SIB capacities and lifespans, our method stands out by using antimony nanobelts incorporated into an asymmetric membrane structure as a high performance anode material for SIB due to its theoretical capacity of 660 mAh g-1 compared to hard carbon-based SIB (300 mAh g-1). In addition to the asymmetric membrane structure, we use a carbon coating around the membrane which can further improve performance and stability. Embedding these group V nanomaterials within an asymmetric membrane structure coated in carbon will accommodate the large volume expansion of Sb-based SIB anode, enhance mechanical strength, and prevent rapid capacity loss due to leaching of cracked materials. Herein, we demonstrate that the capacity and the cycling performance of SIB can be significantly improved over not only current SIB but also LIB. Preliminary results indicate that Sb nanobelts incorporated into an asymmetric membrane exhibit increased performance as a sodium-ion battery anode compared to Sb nanoparticle membranes, furthermore, dip coating the asymmetric membranes with a carbon based solution increases both capacity and cycling performance compared to membranes with no extra carbon coating. The batteries made using the dip coated Sb nanobelt asymmetric membranes show a specific capacity between 630 and 650 mAh g-1 with a capacity retention of 99.4 percent over 45 cycles and an initial capacity loss of only 14 percent. In addition to electrochemical tests, we have also characterized the samples using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, powder x-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and RAMAN spectroscopy to identify and quantify the materials in the membranes and starting materials. Using these characterizations, we were able to confirm the chemical composition and morphology of the Sb and C in our membranes. Thereby a scalable and cost-effective method of increasing capacity of NIB, while maintaining relatively good life cycle longevity has been developed by our research laboratory.

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Sun, Bo, Chuang Zhang, Suzhen Liu, Liang Jin, and Qingxin Yang. "Acoustic Response Characteristics of Lithium Cobaltate/Graphite Battery during Cycling." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 030511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac5061.

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Lithium-ion battery (LIB) has become an essential part of various advanced energy storage products due to their excellent performance, but the research on battery degradation is always challenging. The technology of using ultrasound to characterise the state of LIBs has unique advantages compared with other non-destructive testing methods. However, there have only been a few studies on the analysis of battery cycle performance through acoustic response results. In this paper, from the perspective of electrochemical-acoustic field coupling, the ultrasonic count is introduced to characterise the battery state. The acoustic response characteristics of the LIB in the cycling are analysed combined with the conventional acoustic metrics. Based on the continuous fatigue damage model, the acoustic count can infer partial change evolution of the overall effective Young’s modulus of the battery. This study shows that the characterisation of the battery state can provide further thinking for the mechanical evolution of the batteries.

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Wang, Yue, Jiangcun Li, Xusheng Wang, Chao Wang, and Jitao Chen. "Facile approach to thin polypyrrole encapsulation of lamellar iron (II) selenide with much improved performance for lithium-ion storage." Functional Materials Letters 13, no. 08 (November 2020): 2050041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604720500411.

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A facile approach is developed to fabricate polypyrrole-encapsulated lamellar iron (II) selenide (FeSe/PPy) by directly exposing FeSe to pyrrole atmosphere at room temperature. A high FeSe loading of 97 wt.% is achieved for the FeSe/PPy composite, which is designed as an anode for lithium-ion battery (LIB) with much enhanced electrochemical performance than that of the FeSe sample. The FeSe/PPy electrodes demonstrate a reversible discharge capacity of 274 mAh g[Formula: see text] after 50 cycles at a high current density of 0.5 A g[Formula: see text], whereas the lower discharge capacity of 124 mAh g[Formula: see text] for the FeSe electrodes. The FeSe/PPy electrodes also deliver greater rate capability compared to the FeSe electrodes. The improved electrochemical performance should be assigned to the contributions of fast charge transfer and structural defense from the encapsulated PPy. Hence, the FeSe/PPy composite could serve the purpose for constructing reliable anode for LIB, and the simple method of PPy coating can also be used to build high-performance electrodes for other battery systems.

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Yang, Gu, Guo, and Chen. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Mobile Power Banks with Lithium-Ion Battery and Lithium-Ion Polymer Battery." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 20, 2019): 5148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195148.

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Mobile power bank (MPB) is an emerging consumer electronic that stores and delivers electricity to other electronics. Nowadays, MPBs are produced and discarded in massive quantities, yet their environmental impacts have never been quantitatively evaluated. Employing a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, this study assesses the life cycle environmental impacts of MPBs, with a specific focus on comparing the environmental performance of different MPBs that are based on two types of batteries, namely, lithium-ion battery (LIB) and lithium-ion polymer battery (LIPB). The results suggest that battery production is the greatest contributor to the environmental impacts of both MPBs. LIPB based MPB is environmentally friendlier due to its higher energy density and longer cycle life. In addition, it is found that recycling can reduce the environmental burden of MPB industry as well as ease the vast depletion of metals such as cobalt and copper. The sensitivity analysis shows that figuring out an optimal retirement point and using less carbon-intensive electricity can reduce the climate change potential of MPBs. This study provides recommendations to further improve the environmental performance of MPB, including the usage of more sustainable cathode materials, market promoting direction, and formulation of end-of-life management policy.

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Wang, Zhilong, Tong Zhao, Masanori Kanzawa, Kai Liu, and Masahiro Takei. "Evaluation of particle dispersion behaviours in Lithium-ion battery slurry by electrical impedance spectra-tomography method." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 42, no. 4 (July 15, 2019): 704–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331219857414.

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This paper investigated the particle dispersion behaviours of Lithium-ion battery (LIB) slurry by using electrical impedance spectra-tomography (EIST) method from the perspective of experiment and simulation. In the experiment, an EIST system composed of Field—Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), multi-plexer, switch circuit and 8-electrode sensor is developed to measure the frequency response of LIB slurry under two different conditions, which are rotation speed n=0rpm with rotation time t=0min and n=100rpm with t=6min. In the simulation, four different geometry structure models, which are (a) Carbon Black (CB) linear formation, (b) CB aggregation, (c) CB & LiCoO2 aggregation and (d) network dispersion, are established. Six frequencies, which are f=1 kHz, f=10 kHz, f=50 kHz, f=100 kHz, f=250 kHz and f=500 kHz, are used for the reconstructed conductivity images of LIB slurry in both the experiment and the simulation. The numerical simulation is used to verify the correctness of the experiment results. After combining the experiment and the simulation, it is concluded that the agglomeration behaviours of CB and LiCoO2 particles appear within LIB slurry in the case of n=0rpm with t=0min, while CB path and part LiCoO2 particles coated by CB particles appear in the case of n=100rpm with t=6min. Moreover, high frequencies are suitable to distinguish high conductive CB components from LIB slurry. Furthermore, the developed EIST system has the capability of monitoring particle dispersion behaviours in LIB slurry, which has the potential to be used for the on-line measurement of LIB slurry in order to improve the performance of LIB.

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Lee, Dongcheul, Seohee Kang, and Chee Burm Shin. "Modeling the Effect of Cell Variation on the Performance of a Lithium-Ion Battery Module." Energies 15, no. 21 (October 29, 2022): 8054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15218054.

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Owing to the variation between lithium-ion battery (LIB) cells, early discharge termination and overdischarge can occur when cells are coupled in series or parallel, thereby triggering a decrease in LIB module performance and safety. This study provides a modeling approach that considers the effect of cell variation on the performance of LIB modules in energy storage applications for improving the reliability of the power quality of energy storage devices and efficiency of the energy system. Ohm’s law and the law of conservation of charge were employed as the governing equations to estimate the discharge behavior of a single strand composing of two LIB cells connected in parallel based on the polarization properties of the electrode. Using the modeling parameters of a single strand, the particle swarm optimization algorithm was adopted to predict the discharge capacity and internal resistance distribution of 14 strands connected in series. Based on the model of the LIB strand to predict the discharge behavior, the effect of cell variation on the deviation of the discharge termination voltage and depth of discharge imbalance was modeled. The validity of the model was confirmed by comparing the experimental data with the modeling results.

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Wang, Shunli, Carlos Fernandez, Liping Shang, Zhanfeng Li, and Huifang Yuan. "An integrated online adaptive state of charge estimation approach of high-power lithium-ion battery packs." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 40, no. 6 (April 20, 2017): 1892–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331217694681.

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A novel online adaptive state of charge (SOC) estimation method is proposed, aiming to characterize the capacity state of all the connected cells in lithium-ion battery (LIB) packs. This method is realized using the extended Kalman filter (EKF) combined with Ampere-hour (Ah) integration and open circuit voltage (OCV) methods, in which the time-scale implementation is designed to reduce the computational cost and accommodate uncertain or time-varying parameters. The working principle of power LIBs and their basic characteristics are analysed by using the combined equivalent circuit model (ECM), which takes the discharging current rates and temperature as the core impacts, to realize the estimation. The original estimation value is initialized by using the Ah integral method, and then corrected by measuring the cell voltage to obtain the optimal estimation effect. Experiments under dynamic current conditions are performed to verify the accuracy and the real-time performance of this proposed method, the analysed result of which indicates that its good performance is in line with the estimation accuracy and real-time requirement of high-power LIB packs. The proposed multi-model SOC estimation method may be used in the real-time monitoring of the high-power LIB pack dynamic applications for working state measurement and control.

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Kabra, Venkatesh, Ishita Kamboj, Veronica Augustyn, and Partha P. Mukherjee. "Data Driven Model for Lithium-Ion Battery Electrode Microstructure Property Estimation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 3 (October 9, 2022): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023176mtgabs.

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Li-ion batteries (LIB) are ubiquitous in today’s world with applications ranging from portable electronic devices to electric vehicles. These set of applications require the batteries to have diverse energy and power dense configurations. For these reasons the LIB exists in multiple form factors such as cylindrical, pouch cell configurations and different chemistries. The most commercialized and successful LIB are based on intercalation mechanism, which requires shuttling of Li-ion between anode and cathode with redox reaction occurring on the surface of the electrodes and ultimately leading to the Li-ions to diffuse into the host structure of the electrode. Such electrodes are naturally made to be porous, to maximize the surface area for redox and electrochemical reaction, also giving rise to multiple pathways for Li-ion diffusion and migration. These electrode structures are also integrated with additives to increase the electronic conductivity and mechanical strength. This gives rise to the microstructure as a matrix of different phases with multi-length scale structure and characteristics at different scales. The performance and operation of battery is closely intertwined with these electrode microstructure, and thus microstructural characteristics significantly influence the transport process or kinetics of the reaction. This relation between performance and electrode microstructure is not limited to the composition of electrode rather even with fixed chemical composition the widely different structural arrangement of the phases alters the short- and long-range interactions within the electrode. Specifically based on electrochemical performance model, the electrochemical-thermal interactions can be captured with few important effective electrode properties such as interfacial area, tortuosity and conductivity. Here we develop a framework for the accurate prediction of these effective electrode properties as a function of the microstructural properties. For this purpose of effective electrode property prediction, we develop an integrated framework, including information from the physics informed mesoscale model along with the data driven models. The accurate effective electrode properties are evaluated from pore-scale characterization of microstructure, to serve as output for data set. Our main objective with developing such a framework is to describe the effective electrode properties with simple yet meaningful correlations, which can accurately capture physics while maintaining high predictive accuracy, thus also providing directions for better electrode manufacturing.

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Zhou, Larissa, and Hongmei Luo. "Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O₂ As Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 55 (July 7, 2022): 2267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01552267mtgabs.

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Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in cell phones, laptops, and electric vehicles. A LIB cell consists of three main parts: anode, cathode, and electrolyte. The battery type is named after its cathode materials, such as Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O2 (NCM) battery, which is composed of lithium, nickel, cobalt, and manganese. NCM has been the most used cathode for LIB industry due to its considerable capacity and energy density. NCM has different compositions, such as LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM 523), LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM 622), and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM 811). With the applied NCM 622 and NCM 811 cathodes in coin cells in this research, the goal is to test their battery performance and to understand the composition effects on their electrochemical properties. From the charge-discharge and cycling performance measurements, NCM 811 shows higher capacity and better stability as compared to NCM 622. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopes are employed to examine the phase, morphology, crystal structure, and microstructure and to explore the relationship between composition, structure and battery performance. The goal is to have safe batteries with higher capacity, long cycling life and higher energy and power densities.

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Yu, Bao Zhi, Xiao Li Liu, Hui Gang Zhang, Guang Yin Jing, Pei Ma, Yane Luo, Wei Ming Xue, Zhao Yu Ren, and Hai Ming Fan. "Fabrication and structural optimization of porous single-crystal α-Fe2O3 microrices for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 32 (2015): 16544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta03670d.

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Lee, Dongcheul, Seohee Kang, Byungmook Kim, and Chee Burm Shin. "Thermal Modeling of a Lithium-Ion Battery Module for Energy-Storage Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 55 (July 7, 2022): 2266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01552266mtgabs.

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which store electric energy and can be easy to use when power is needed, are preferred as an energy storage device to expand renewable energy use and improve the efficiency of the power industry. However, when LIBs are charged at a high rate in a low temperature, metallic lithium is deposited on an anode, which could cause safety problems due to internal short circuit. Also, when LIBs are operated at a high temperature, it promotes aging by increasing the SEI and degradation of electrode structure. Thermal management is essential for maintaining the proper temperature of LIBs for energy-storage applications. It is important to develop a thermal modeling methodology to reflect the combined effects the thermal properties of the various components of a battery cell as well as the complex structures of the battery module. In this work, a three-dimensional modeling is carried out to investigate the effects of operating conditions on the thermal behavior of an LIB module. The battery module consisting of 28 prismatic pouch-type LIB cells fabricated by LG Chem. is modeled. The LIB cell has a nominal capacity of 63 Ah and is composed of lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) positive electrodes, graphite negative electrodes, and porous separators impregnated with plasticized electrolyte. In the battery module, 2 cells are connected in parallel, composing a single strand, and then 14 strands are connected in series (2P 14S configuration). The non-uniform distribution of the heat generation rate in an LIB cell within the module is calculated based the modeling results of the potential and current density distributions of the baPttery cell. Thermal modeling of an LIB module is validated by the comparison between the experimental measurements and modeling results.

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Barrera, Thomas P., James R. Bond, Marty Bradley, Rob Gitzendanner, Eric C. Darcy, Michael Armstrong, and Chao-Yang Wang. "Next-Generation Aviation Li-Ion Battery Technologies—Enabling Electrified Aircraft." Electrochemical Society Interface 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.f10223if.

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Recent advances in electrode materials, manufacturing processes, and safety features are enabling Li-ion battery (LIB) designs to better support energy storage needs for the emerging all-electric aviation market. Increases in cell specific energy, improved fast charge and discharge rate capability, and extended cycle-life are required for the next-generation aviation platforms that consist of more-electric, hybrid, and all-electric aircraft designed to reduce generated flight noise and carbon emissions. The success of these emerging Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) markets is highly dependent upon implementing a safe and reliable energy storage system compliant with aircraft system requirements. This work discusses state-of-the-art (SOA) and emerging LIB technology readiness to meet the derived marketplace performance and imposed regulatory requirements for all-electric aircraft. A special focus on advanced LIB safety design guidelines intended to meet the intent of the FAA DO-311A minimum operational performance standard for rechargeable lithium batteries and battery systems installed on aircraft is emphasized.

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Lin, Jiao, Ersha Fan, Xiaodong Zhang, Ruling Huang, Xixue Zhang, Renjie Chen, Feng Wu, and Li Li. "A lithium-ion battery recycling technology based on a controllable product morphology and excellent performance." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 34 (2021): 18623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta06106b.

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A LIB recycling technology based on a controllable product morphology and excellent performance was reported. We constructed a “cycle-fail-regeneration” new closed-loop utilization model of waste LIBs. Through this mode, waste materials can be regenerated in situ for LIB anode materials, providing multiple reuse scenarios. Density functional theory calculation is used to analyze the transformation mechanism of this process and provide theoretical support.

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Barbosa, João C., Renato Gonçalves, Carlos M. Costa, and Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez. "Recent Advances on Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 3145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113145.

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Environmental issues related to energy consumption are mainly associated with the strong dependence on fossil fuels. To solve these issues, renewable energy sources systems have been developed as well as advanced energy storage systems. Batteries are the main storage system related to mobility, and they are applied in devices such as laptops, cell phones, and electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the most used battery system based on their high specific capacity, long cycle life, and no memory effects. This rapidly evolving field urges for a systematic comparative compilation of the most recent developments on battery technology in order to keep up with the growing number of materials, strategies, and battery performance data, allowing the design of future developments in the field. Thus, this review focuses on the different materials recently developed for the different battery components—anode, cathode, and separator/electrolyte—in order to further improve LIB systems. Moreover, solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) for LIBs are also highlighted. Together with the study of new advanced materials, materials modification by doping or synthesis, the combination of different materials, fillers addition, size manipulation, or the use of high ionic conductor materials are also presented as effective methods to enhance the electrochemical properties of LIBs. Finally, it is also shown that the development of advanced materials is not only focused on improving efficiency but also on the application of more environmentally friendly materials.

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Rajoba, Swapnil J., Rajendra D. Kale, Sachin B. Kulkarni, Vinayak G. Parale, Rohan Patil, Håkan Olin, Hyung-Ho Park, Rushikesh P. Dhavale, and Manisha Phadatare. "Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Mesoporous NiMn2O4 Nanoparticles as an Anode for Lithium-Ion Battery." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 3 (March 4, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5030069.

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NiMn2O4 (NMO) is a good alternative anode material for lithium-ion battery (LIB) application, due to its superior electrochemical activity. Current research shows that synthesis of NMO via citric acid-based combustion method envisaged application in the LIB, due to its good reversibility and rate performance. Phase purity and crystallinity of the material is controlled by calcination at different temperatures, and its structural properties are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Composition and oxidation state of NMO are further investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For LIB application, lithiation delithiation potential and phase transformation of NMO are studied by cyclic voltammetry curve. As an anode material, initially, the average discharge capacity delivered by NMO is 983 mA·h/g at 0.1 A/g. In addition, the NMO electrode delivers an average discharge capacity of 223 mA·h/g after cell cycled at various current densities up to 10 A/g. These results show the potential applications of NMO electrodes for LIBs.

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Maurel, Alexis, Ana Cristina Martinez, Sylvie Grugeon, Stephane Panier, Loic Dupont, Michel Armand, Roberto Russo, et al. "(Battery Division Postdoctoral Associate Research Award Sponsored by MTI Corporation and the Jiang Family Foundation) 3D Printing of Batteries: Fiction or Reality?" ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 3 (October 9, 2022): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023214mtgabs.

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Abstract:

Motivated by the request to build shape-conformable flexible, wearable and customizable batteries while maximizing the energy storage and electrochemical performances, additive manufacturing (AM) appears as a revolutionary discipline. Battery components such as electrodes, separator, electrolyte, current collectors and casing can be tailored with any shape, allowing the direct incorporation of batteries and all electronics within the final three-dimensional object. AM also paves the way toward the implementation of complex 3D electrode architectures that could enhance significantly the power battery performances. Transitioning from conventional 2D to complex 3D lithium-ion battery (LIB) architectures will increase the electrochemically active surface area, enhance the Li+ diffusion paths, thus leading to improved specific capacity and power performance [1]. Our recent modeling studies [2] involving the simulation of a classical Ragone plot illustrated that a gyroid 3D battery architecture has +158% performance at a high current density of 6C, in comparison to planar geometry. In this presentation, an overview of current trends in energy storage 3D printing will be discussed [3-11]. A summary of our recent works on lithium-ion battery 3D printing via Thermoplastic Material Extrusion / Fused Deposition Modeling will be presented [12-16]. The development of printable composite filaments (Graphite-, LiFePO4-, Li2TP-, PEO/LiTFSI-, SiO2-, Ag/Cu-based) corresponding to each part of a LIB (electrodes, electrolyte, separator, current collectors), and the importance of introducing a plasticizer (polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether average Mn 500 for polylactic acid) as an additive to enhance the printability will be addressed. Printing of the complete LIB in a single step using multi-material printing options, and the implementation of a solvent-free protocol [14] will also be discussed. Second part of this presentation will be dedicated to AM of batteries by means of Vat Photopolymerization (VPP) processes, including stereolithography, digital light processing and two-photon polymerization (offering a greater resolution down to 0.1μm), to print high resolution battery components [10]. Composite resins formulation approaches based on the introduction of solid battery particles or precursor salts will be introduced [17, 18]. Finally, an overview of our ongoing project dedicated to AM of sodium-ion batteries from resources available on the Moon and Mars will be presented. Due to its relative abundance in the Lunar regolith, the development of a composite photocurable resin loaded with TiO2 negative electrode material and conductive additives, to feed a VPP printer, will be discussed [18]. [1] Long et al., Three-dimensional battery architectures, Chemical Reviews 104(10) (2004) 4463-4492. [2] Maurel et al., Considering lithium-ion battery 3D-printing via thermoplastic material extrusion and polymer powder bed fusion, Additive Manufacturing (2020) 101651. [3] Maurel et al., Overview on Lithium-Ion Battery 3D-Printing By Means of Material Extrusion, ECS Transactions 98(13) (2020) 3-21. [4] Ragones et al., Towards smart free form-factor 3D printable batteries, Sustainable Energy & Fuels 2(7) (2018) 1542-1549. [5] Reyes et al., Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complete Lithium Ion Battery with Fused Filament Fabrication, ACS Applied Energy Materials 1(10) (2018) 5268-5279. [6] Yee et al., Hydrogel-Based Additive Manufacturing of Lithium Cobalt Oxide, Advanced Materials Technologies 6(2) (2021). [7] Saccone et al., Understanding and mitigating mechanical degradation in lithium–sulfur batteries: additive manufacturing of Li2S composites and nanomechanical particle compressions, Journal of Materials Research (2021). [8] Tagliaferri et al., Direct ink writing of energy materials, Materials Advances 2(2) (2021) 25. [9] Sun et al., 3D Printing of Interdigitated Li-Ion Microbattery Architectures, Advanced Materials 25(33) (2013) 4539-4543. [10] Maurel et al., Toward High Resolution 3D Printing of Shape-Conformable Batteries via Vat Photopolymerization: Review and Perspective, IEEE Access 9 (2021) 140654-140666. [11] Seol et al., All-Printed In-Plane Supercapacitors by Sequential Additive Manufacturing Process, Acs Applied Energy Materials 3(5) (2020) 4965-4973. [12] Maurel et al., Highly Loaded Graphite-Polylactic Acid Composite-Based Filaments for Lithium-Ion Battery Three-Dimensional Printing, Chemistry of Materials 30(21) (2018) 7484-7493. [13] Maurel et al., Three-Dimensional Printing of a LiFePO4/Graphite Battery Cell via Fused Deposition Modeling, Scientific Reports 9(1) (2019) 18031. [14] Maurel et al., Environmentally Friendly Lithium-Terephthalate/Polylactic Acid Composite Filament Formulation for Lithium-Ion Battery 3D-Printing via Fused Deposition Modeling, ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 10(3) (2021) 037004. [15] Maurel et al., Poly(Ethylene Oxide)-LiTFSI Solid Polymer Electrolyte Filaments for Fused Deposition Modeling Three-Dimensional Printing, Journal of the Electrochemical Society 167(7) (2020). [16] Maurel et al., Ag-Coated Cu/Polylactic Acid Composite Filament for Lithium and Sodium-Ion Battery Current Collector Three-Dimensional Printing via Thermoplastic Material Extrusion, Frontiers in Energy Research 9(70) (2021). [17] Martinez et al., Additive Manufacturing of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 battery electrode material via vat photopolymerization precursor approach, (submitted). [18] Maurel et al., Vat Photopolymerization Additive Manufacturing of Sodium-Ion Battery TiO2 Negative Electrodes from Lunar In-Situ Resources, (submitted).

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