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Bhatt, Dhowmya, Danalakshmi D, A. Hariharasudan, Marcin Lis, and Marlena Grabowska. "Forecasting of Energy Demands for Smart Home Applications." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 17, 2021): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041045.
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The utilization of energy is on the rise in current trends due to increasing consumptions by households. Smart buildings, on the other hand, aim to optimize energy, and hence, the aim of the study is to forecast the cost of energy consumption in smart buildings by effectively addressing the minimal energy consumption. However, smart buildings are restricted, with limited power access and capacity associated with Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) units. It further suffers from low communication capability due to device limitations. In this paper, a balanced deep learning architecture is used to offer solutions to address these constraints. The deep learning algorithm considers three constraints, such as a multi-objective optimization problem and a fitness function, to resolve the price management problem and high-level energy consumption in HVAC systems. The study analyzes and optimizes the consumption of power in smart buildings by the HVAC systems in terms of power loss, price management and reactive power. Experiments are conducted over various scenarios to check the integrity of the system over various smart buildings and in high-rise buildings. The results are compared in terms of various HVAC devices on various metrics and communication protocols, where the proposed system is considered more effective than other methods. The results of the Li-Fi communication protocols show improved results compared to the other communication protocols.
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Tomalski, Przemysław, Karolina Marczuk, Ewa Pisula, Anna Malinowska, Rafał Kawa, and Alicja Niedźwiecka. "Chaotic home environment is associated with reduced infant processing speed under high task demands." Infant Behavior and Development 48 (August 2017): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.04.007.
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Isbell, Daniel R., and Benjamin Kremmel. "Test Review: Current options in at-home language proficiency tests for making high-stakes decisions." Language Testing 37, no. 4 (July 16, 2020): 600–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265532220943483.
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Administration of high-stakes language proficiency tests has been disrupted in many parts of the world as a result of the 2019 novel coronavirus pandemic. Institutions that rely on test scores have been forced to adapt, and in many cases this means using scores from a different test, or a new online version of an existing test, that can be taken at home. The switch to accepting at-home proficiency tests for high-stakes decisions raises many concerns for stakeholders, such as technological demands, exam security, and validity of score use. Along these lines, this thematic review addresses such concerns and features brief reviews of seven options in at-home proficiency testing: ACTFL Assessments, Duolingo English Test, IELTS Indicator, LanguageCert, TEF Express, TOEFL iBT Special Home Edition, and Versant. Considering at-home testing more broadly, we discuss key considerations for selecting an at-home test. We close with speculation on how at-home tests may shape language testing going forward: Beyond adapting to the current pandemic, at-home testing might address longstanding issues in access to language testing services and the representation of real-world communication practices in language tests.
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Anderson, James W., and Nancyj Gustafson. "Adherence to High-Carbohydrate, High-Fiber Diets." Diabetes Educator 15, no. 5 (October 1989): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014572178901500512.
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Successful diabetes management demands a high degree of adherence. Adherence to medical prescriptions, particularly special diets, is notoriously poor. A study of 40 individuals with IDDM and NIDDM who were followed an average of 23 months found good or excellent dietary adherence in 70 % of subjects; only 5 % demon strated poor adherence. Adherence was assessed objec tively based on carbohydrate, fat, and fiber intakes reported in 24- hour food recalls, 7-day food frequency surveys, and home food records. High dietary fiber intake may independently enhance adherence, perhaps by increasing satiety or because of the simplicity of the concept. Good communi cation between the health profes sional and patient is also fundamental to all stages of dietary adherence. Use of adherence-enhancing techniques throughout adoption of new diet behaviors promotes long-term adherence to high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diets.
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Brauchli, Rebecca, Georg F. Bauer, and Oliver Hämmig. "Job Autonomy Buffers the Impact of Work–Life Conflict on Organizational Outcomes." Swiss Journal of Psychology 73, no. 2 (January 2014): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000126.
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This study first examines domain-specific antecedents of work–life conflict (i.e., job demands and home demands); second, it investigates turnover intention, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment as outcomes of work–life conflict relevant to organizations; and, finally, it studies the role of job autonomy as a buffer between work–life conflict and these organizational outcomes. Data were collected from four large organizations with a total sample of 6,091 employees. High time-related job demands were found to be a major antecedent of work-to-life conflict (WLC), while home demands predicted life-to-work conflict (LWC). Moreover, our analyses showed that WLC, but not LWC, predicts turnover intention, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. In addition, the results suggest that job autonomy is a buffer associated with WLC and organizational outcomes, since all two-way interactions were significant, but not with LWC, since the respective interactions were not significant.
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Nilsen, Charlotta, Neda Agahi, and Ingemar Kåreholt. "Work Stressors in Late Midlife and Physical Functioning in Old Age." Journal of Aging and Health 29, no. 5 (June 24, 2016): 893–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264316654673.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between work stressors in late midlife and physical functioning in old age. Method: Two linked nationally representative Swedish surveys were used: the 1991 Level of Living Survey (age 57-65) and the 2011 Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old. Work stressors were measured with the job demand–control model and physical functioning in old age with physical performance tests, lung function tests, and self-reported mobility. Ordered logistic and linear regressions were performed ( n = 166-214). Results: High demands, low control, and high strain (i.e., high demands combined with low control) were associated with limited physical functioning in women. Low control and passive jobs were associated with limited physical functioning in men. Discussion: Work stressors in late midlife are important predictors of physical functioning in older adults. However, women and men seem to be vulnerable to different work stressors.
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Chard, Holly. "Give People What They Expect: John Hughes Family Films and Seriality in 1990s Hollywood." Film Studies 17, no. 1 (2017): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/fs.17.0007.
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This article explores serial production strategies and textual seriality in Hollywood cinema during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Focusing on John Hughes‘ high concept family comedies, it examines how Hughes exploited the commercial opportunities offered by serial approaches to both production and film narrative. This article first considers why Hughes‘ production set-up enabled him to standardise his movies and respond quickly to audience demand. The analysis then explores how the Home Alone films (1990–97), Dennis the Menace (1993) and Baby‘s Day Out (1994) balanced demands for textual repetition and novelty.
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Nelson, H. Wayne, Bo Kyum Yang, Cyrus Y. Engineer, and Mary W. Carter. "NURSING HOME ADMINISTRATOR STRESS, SATISFACTION, AND INTENTIONS TO LEAVE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1864.
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Abstract Previous studies reported that high Nursing Home Administrator (NHA) turnover correlates with low staff morale and poorer care outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess how NHA job satisfaction (JS) (in five subscales: job content, coworkers, work demands, work load, work skills, and rewards) interacts with role conflict and ambiguity, autonomy, work conflict, and influence and to estimate the odds of having NHA’s intent to quit by degree of job satisfaction. A total 208 responses were collected from the online survey in 2017 among NHAs currently working in nursing homes in 5 states. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression models. The findings suggested that NHAs were generally satisfied in all JS subscales and expressed moderately high levels of autonomy, neutral levels of work conflict, role conflict and role ambiguity. NHAs with good coworker relations (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=0.67), fair job demands (AOR=0.68) and rewards (A0R=0.8), were less likely to harbor quitting intents. Interestingly, NHAs reporting higher job skills were more likely to consider leaving nursing homes (AOR=1.46). Overall, study findings are consistent with previous JS research with the exception that higher perceived skill efficacy was found to be associated with greater likelihood of quitting in the near future. This suggests perhaps that more highly skilled NHAs may now have less tolerance for work discomfort. These findings are presented in the context of earlier studies on NHA turnover as well as likely implications of changing market conditions.
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Bradley, Lucy K., and Jean C. Stutz. "A Web Site for Urban Horticulture: Meeting Increasing Demands with Decreasing Resources." HortTechnology 8, no. 2 (April 1998): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.2.242.
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The Univ. of Arizona Cooperative Extension home horticulture World Wide Web site for Maricopa County, “Environmentally responsible gardening and landscaping in the low desert,” provides the public with timely, research-based, regionally appropriate information. This delivery method enables self-service access to prepared text information and high-quality images that could not be economically distributed via traditional print methods, and interactive opportunities for submitting questions.
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Buskila, Yaffa, and Tamar Chen-Levi. "Intense Teaching Schedule in Israeli Teachers." ATHENS JOURNAL OF EDUCATION 8, no. 3 (February 5, 2021): 329–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/aje.8-3-5.
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The teaching profession is highly stressful. Stress is a negative phenomenon that develops under conditions of uncontrollable, prolonged and increased pressure. In this study, our goal is (a) to investigate teachers' perception of the sources of stress in school in light of the neoliberal reforms and (b) to compare these sources of stress in primary school, middle school and high school teachers. We hypothesize that the demands and the workload to improve scores in standardized tests, increase the need of teachers to take work home. Therefore, home demands may conflict with school demands. Furthermore, the greatest pressure is on elementary and middle school teachers: Early efforts to improve student achievements in the lower grades would result in better-prepared students in high schools. Data about the sources of stress is based on a previous study of Buskila, Buskila, Giris and Ablin (2019) that investigated the connection between the effects of stress on teachers on somatic syndromes. Three hundred and twenty-one public school teachers working in the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Israel participated in the study. Findings of the mean of the entire samples revealed that the highest level of stress was caused by intense teaching schedule with insufficient breaks. The second cause was related to the composition of the students in the class, and the third was home demands conflicting with school demands. In the middle schools, the highest levels of stress are caused by school principals (M=5.98, SD=3.09) and second is in high school (M=5.00, SD=3.33). The highest level of stress caused by the superintendent is on primary school teachers (M=3.97, SD=3.33) and the second are the middle school teachers (M=3.79, SD = 2.95). The lowest stress level was in high school (M=2.68, SD=2.83). Three significance differences of stress were found among primary, middle, and high schools: The school principal is the highest source of pressure in the middle schools (P=.034), and the superintendent causes the highest level of stress in primary schools (P=.006). The third cause was in high school, related to physical school conditions (p=.002). These results are relevant to teachers, educators, and policy makers involved in planning and managing educational strategies and teachers’ schedules. Identifying and preventing the sources of stress can facilitate better teaching conditions, and a more effective and efficient atmosphere in school. Keywords: Stress at school, teachers' stress, causes of stress in school
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Reilev, Mette, Carina Lundby, John Jensen, Søren Post Larsen, Helene Hoffmann, and Anton Pottegård. "Morbidity and mortality among older people admitted to nursing home." Age and Ageing 49, no. 1 (November 25, 2019): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz136.
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Abstract Background the increasing number of multimorbid older people places high demands on future health care systems. To inform the discussion on how to structure future care strategies, we aimed to describe the temporal relationship between admission, and morbidity and mortality in nursing home residents. Methods data on 5,179 older individuals admitted to 94 Danish nursing homes in 12 municipalities during 2015–2017 were linked to the nationwide Danish health registries to retrieve information on the temporal relation between nursing home admission and morbidity and mortality. Results at the time of nursing home admission, the majority were women (63%). Male residents were younger than women (median 82 vs 85 years) and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities (median Charlson score 2 vs 1 among women). The median survival after nursing home admission was 25.8 months, with the 3-year survival being 37%. Three-year survival was lower among men (29 vs 43% among women) and among the oldest residents (23% among those aged ≥90 years vs 64% among individuals ≤65 years). In addition to age and sex, predictors of mortality included hospitalisations prior to nursing home admission and a high burden of comorbidity. The rate of hospitalisations, primarily for reasons related to frailty, increased substantially during the 9 months prior to nursing home admission. Conclusion we provide detailed information on differences in morbidity and mortality across age span and sex at the time of nursing home admission, thereby contributing to the ongoing discussion of how to structure the future health care system.
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ROXBURGH, SUSAN. "The Effect of Children on the Mental Health of Women in the Paid Labor Force." Journal of Family Issues 18, no. 3 (May 1997): 270–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019251397018003003.
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Previous research regarding the effect of children on mental health is mixed, with some studies suggesting that mothers are more depressed than their childless counterparts, and others finding no difference. Using a sample of 500 Canadian women, I test how resources and demands in the primary roles of parent, worker, and partner account for variation in the mental health of employed women. Demands are measured as job demands and as chronic strains in home roles. Resources are measured as job control and as partner support. Results indicate that when partner support and job control are high or average, employed mothers are significantly less distressed than employed nonmothers. Conversely, when role demands are high and resources are low, mothers are significantly more distressed than nonmothers. These results are discussed with respect to the interrelationships between social roles, resources, and mental health, and in terms of directions for future research.
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Cerny, C. A., A. Mutti, D. M. Ferreira, D. P. Jardini, K. Z. Cecyn, E. Suzuki, and P. C. Ceschim. "Feasibility and economic viability of home-based supportive care." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e20741-e20741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20741.
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e20741 Background: Oncological treatment is becoming more complex and more costly. When their symptoms worsen, many patients seek an Emergency Room and arrive without a good performance-status. This causes insecurity to the attending physician, and it also represents a huge chance that this patient would receive an avoidable admission. With the appropriate home-support it is possible to attend the majority of patient's demands, offering a good quality clinical support.Home administration of some drugs is more comfortable and helps to eliminate some taxes that are commonly charged by private clinics. Methods: We performed an analysis of a private healthcare company's database.To avoid seasonality and high impact on costs of terminally ill patients occurring at an analyzed month, we selected a six months interval, from January to June 2008. Results: About 500 patients are active each month at the home-care program. They received from simple monitoring to 24 hour home nursing support. Hematological malignancies, as expected, require more resources.Home based supportive care could prevent the majority of avoidable hospital admissions. Conclusions: Home based supportive care can meet the basic needs of clinical support during chemotherapy and the demands of comfort at the end of life, in order to reduce avoidable hospital admissions. This contributes to reducing the cost of treatment. [Table: see text]
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Chela-Alvarez, Xenia, Oana Bulilete, M. Esther García-Buades, Victoria A. Ferrer-Perez, and Joan Llobera-Canaves. "Perceived Factors of Stress and Its Outcomes among Hotel Housekeepers in the Balearic Islands: A Qualitative Approach from a Gender Perspective." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010052.
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Tourism is the main economic sector in the Balearic Islands (Spain) and hotel housekeepers (HHs) are a large occupational group, in which stress is becoming a major issue. This study aims at exploring in-depth factors perceived as stressors by HHs and key-informants, and their effects on work-life balance (WLB). A qualitative design with phenomenological approach was used, conducting six focus groups with 34 HHs and 10 individual interviews with key-informants. Results were analyzed adopting the job demands-resources model and a gender perspective. High demands, e.g., work overload, time pressure, physical burden…, lack of enough resources and little control, derived from role conflict, unexpected events…, were the most important factors explaining HHs’ stress. Additionally, this imbalance was perceived as leading to health problems, mainly musculoskeletal disorders. Working schedule was mentioned as a facilitator to WLB, whereas an imbalance between job demands and resources led to work-home conflict, preventing them from enjoying leisure time. Multiple roles at work and at home increased their stress. HHs experienced their job as invisible and unrecognised. Regarding practical implications, our recommendations for hotel organization include reducing workload and increasing resources, which would improve the job demands-resource balance, diminish negative mental and physical outcomes and improve WLB.
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Blokker, E. J. M., J. H. G. Vreeburg, H. Beverloo, M. Klein Arfman, and J. C. van Dijk. "A bottom-up approach of stochastic demand allocation in water quality modelling." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 3, no. 1 (April 15, 2010): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-3-43-2010.
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Abstract. An "all pipes" hydraulic model of a drinking water distribution system was constructed with two types of demand allocations. One is constructed with the conventional top-down approach, i.e. a demand multiplier pattern from the booster station is allocated to all demand nodes with a correction factor to account for the average water demand on that node. The other is constructed with a bottom-up approach of demand allocation, i.e., each individual home is represented by one demand node with its own stochastic water demand pattern. This was done for a drinking water distribution system of approximately 10 km of mains and serving ca. 1000 homes. The system was tested in a real life situation. The stochastic water demand patterns were constructed with the end-use model SIMDEUM on a per second basis and per individual home. Before applying the demand patterns in a network model, some temporal aggregation was done. The flow entering the test area was measured and a tracer test with sodium chloride was performed to determine travel times. The two models were validated on the total sum of demands and on travel times. The study showed that the bottom-up approach leads to realistic water demand patterns and travel times, without the need for any flow measurements or calibration. In the periphery of the drinking water distribution system it is not possible to calibrate models on pressure, because head losses are too low. The study shows that in the periphery it is also difficult to calibrate on water quality (e.g. with tracer measurements), as a consequence of the high variability between days. The stochastic approach of hydraulic modelling gives insight into the variability of travel times as an added feature beyond the conventional way of modelling.
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Hall, John, Linh Lee, and Joshua Littlejohn. "Electronic Assisted Living Technology in CCRC, Assisted Living, and In-Home Care." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.295.
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Abstract A qualitative study based on structured interviews with 21 healthcare leaders from CCRC’s, In-Home Care Agencies, or Medicare PACE facilities was conducted. Implications of electronic assisted living technologies on caregiver workforce were assessed. The use of assisted living technology was shown to have implications for workforce support and the alleviation of demands on caregivers. Communication and assessment tools were also found to be useful in the reduction of caregiver stress. There is optimism regarding the effectiveness of high-tech platforms in easing caregiver burden but there is skepticism about the return on investment given the initial cost and time needed for onboarding and data organization. The lack of user-friendliness and the required time to train to use tech are also barriers. The use of technology for remote check-ins and to monitor vitals is desirable. Also predicting dementia risk and monitoring for wandering are other opportunities for tech adoption. The enthusiasm for technology is tempered with caution for who will keep tabs on remote monitoring and who bears the responsibility to respond to the information gathered. Labor shortages, time constraints, and disorganized documentation are incentives for tech adoption. High-tech solutions for would ideally be user-friendly and help reduce staff demands. Except for the prevention of re-hospitalization by monitoring vitals the benefits of adopting new tech are not perceived as cost-effective.
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Demerouti, Evangelia, Rebecca Hewett, Verena Haun, Sara De Gieter, Alma Rodríguez-Sánchez, and Janne Skakon. "From job crafting to home crafting: A daily diary study among six European countries." Human Relations 73, no. 7 (May 30, 2019): 1010–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726719848809.
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The actions that individuals take to proactively craft their jobs are important to help create more meaningful and personally enriching work experiences. But do these proactive behaviors have implications beyond working life? Inspired by the suggestion that individuals aim for a meaningful life we examine whether on days when individuals craft their jobs, they are more likely to craft non-work activities. It also seems likely that characteristics of the home environment moderate these cross-domain relationships. We suggest that crafting crosses domains particularly when individuals gain resources through high autonomy and high workload at home. We partly supported our model through a daily diary study, in which 139 service sector employees from six European countries (Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Spain, UK) reported their experiences twice a day for five consecutive workdays. Home autonomy and home workload strengthened the positive relationship between seeking resources at work and at home. Moreover, home autonomy strengthened the positive association between seeking challenges at work and at home, and the negative relation between reducing demands at work and at home. These findings suggest that the beneficial implications of job crafting transcend life boundaries thereby providing advice for how individuals can experience greater meaning in their lives.
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Firoozabadi, Mohammad Ayati. "Hip fracture patients, Complications and Nutritional demands for Healing." International Journal of Life Sciences 8, no. 4 (August 15, 2014): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v8i4.10894.
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In the population older than 60 years, fracturing of a hip is one of the main reasons for being admitted to a hospital. In 2006, the National Center for Health Statistics reported 330,000 hospital admissions for hip fracture: 293,000 (89%) occurred in patients over the age of 65; 238,000 (72%) affected women. Many of the patients operated on for a hip fracture can never return home; ultimately 19% will require long-term institutional care for the fracture, changing their life from an independent to a dependent one. Hip fracture patients also have a high mortality rate, 24% during the first postoperative year, with the expected one-year mortality rate two to three times lower in a normal population corrected for the same ages. Malnutrition is common in hip fracture patients, who appear to have a lower intake of energy, protein, calcium and vitamin D than non-fracture controls, but the effectiveness of nutritional support programs in routine clinical practice is controversial. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v8i4.10894
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Wei, Wei Hua, Si Yuan Xie, Tong Ming Xue, Feng Ying Yao, Jing Wei Xu, De Lai Liu, Cheng Rong Yuan, and Tong Yue Wang. "High Speed Cutting Characteristics and Force Measurement Experimental Platform of Wood Plastic Composites." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.795.
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Wood plastic composites has attracted widespread attention at home and abroad because of the many advantages that simple wood or plastic can not compare with. Combined with the dual advantages of wood and plastic, the author has a comprehensive overview of the particularity of wood plastic composites such as chip formation mechanism, processing stability, machined surface generating mechanism, tool wear and breakage mechanism. Besides, the new force measurement experimental platform of wood plastic composites was self-developed, which has the reliable construction, and is easy to operate, and may meet the demands of measuring cutting force of the existing milling, the grinder and the lathe.
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Dorronzoro Zubiete, Enrique, Keigo Nakahata, Nevrez Imamoglu, Masashi Sekine, Guanghao Sun, Isabel Gomez, and Wenwei Yu. "Evaluation of a Home Biomonitoring Autonomous Mobile Robot." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9845816.
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Increasing population age demands more services in healthcare domain. It has been shown that mobile robots could be a potential solution to home biomonitoring for the elderly. Through our previous studies, a mobile robot system that is able to track a subject and identify his daily living activities has been developed. However, the system has not been tested in any home living scenarios. In this study we did a series of experiments to investigate the accuracy of activity recognition of the mobile robot in a home living scenario. The daily activities tested in the evaluation experiment include watching TV and sleeping. A dataset recorded by a distributed distance-measuring sensor network was used as a reference to the activity recognition results. It was shown that the accuracy is not consistent for all the activities; that is, mobile robot could achieve a high success rate in some activities but a poor success rate in others. It was found that the observation position of the mobile robot and subject surroundings have high impact on the accuracy of the activity recognition, due to the variability of the home living daily activities and their transitional process. The possibility of improvement of recognition accuracy has been shown too.
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Falkenberg, Helena, Petra Lindfors, Tarani Chandola, and Jenny Head. "Do gender and socioeconomic status matter when combining work and family: Could control at work and at home help? Results from the Whitehall II study." Economic and Industrial Democracy 41, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x16682307.
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Work and family are sources of both satisfaction and conflicting demands. A challenge is to identify individuals at risk for conflict and factors that potentially reduce conflict. This study investigated how gender and socioeconomic status (SES) were associated with work–family interference (WFI) and family–work interference (FWI) and how control at work and at home related to WFI and FWI. Data from 1991–1993 and 1997–1999 of the Whitehall II study of British civil servants, including 3484 (827 women and 2657 men) employees in three SES-levels, were analysed. Women reported a higher risk for WFI and FWI. High SES employees reported higher WFI. Less control at home increased risks for WFI and FWI as did low control at work but only for WFI. This suggests that high SES women are especially at risk for conflict and that aspects from the spheres of both work and home should be considered in further research and practice.
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Grant, Joan S., and Lucinda J. Graven. "High Priority Problems Experienced by Informal Caregivers of Individuals With Heart Failure." Home Health Care Management & Practice 31, no. 2 (September 26, 2018): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1084822318800296.
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The purpose of this study was to identify high priority problems experienced by informal caregivers when providing care for individuals with heart failure in the home. This secondary analysis was part of a cross-sectional, descriptive study using online self-report instruments (N = 530), including one researcher-developed item identifying top priority problems for heart failure caregivers. Content and quantitative data analyses were conducted. Performing multifaceted activities and roles that evolve around daily heart failure demands (n = 463) and maintaining caregiver physical, emotional, social, and financial well-being (n = 138) were the two most common themes experienced by caregivers of individuals with heart failure. Each of these two problems had several dimensions. Another theme was providing unending care (n = 40), with two dimensions.
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Meijboom, Bert, Laurens Van den Bosch, and René Schalk. "Refining case management for dementia using insights from operations management." Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 15, no. 3 (September 2, 2014): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qaoa-04-2014-0005.
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Purpose – Providers of healthcare services face increasing performance demands in terms of cost-efficiency as well as client centeredness. Dementia care is an illustrative example in this respect. Due to the aging society, the number of dementia clients is expected to grow significantly, which implies increasing costs. At the same time, demands in terms of coherent and high-quality care for dementia clients are increasing, putting a stronger emphasis on demand driven, responsive care and service processes. Literature shows that case management in dementia care is beneficial for persons with dementia and caregivers, but costly. Using insights from operations management (OM), the purpose of this paper is to develop a new model for case management in dementia care. Design/methodology/approach – To address both cost containment and customer orientation, insights from OM, in particular front/back office (FO/BO) configuration and modularity theory, are used to develop an innovative conceptual model for case management in dementia care. Findings – This framework offers a new way of conceptualizing care provision throughout the different phases of a chronic disease process. Linking FO/BO configurations and modular organizing with case management makes it possible to create a cost-effective and client-centered system of healthcare management. Originality/value – A new model is developed to address both cost containment and customer orientation based on insights from OM, in particular FO/BO configuration and modularity theory.
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Oliva-Lozano, José María, Carlos David Gómez-Carmona, José Pino-Ortega, Víctor Moreno-Pérez, and Manuel Antonio Rodríguez-Pérez. "Match and Training High Intensity Activity-Demands Profile during a Competitive Mesocycle in Youth Elite Soccer Players." Journal of Human Kinetics 75, no. 1 (October 31, 2020): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2020-0050.
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Abstract The monitoring of the high intensity activity-demands profile during official matches (OMs) and training sessions (TSs) provides a deeper understanding of the relationship between training and competition loads as well as players’ fitness characteristics. The aims of this study were to: 1) describe the training and match high intensity activity-demands profile in U-19 soccer players; 2) compare the profile depending on the type of session (OM or TS) throughout match-weeks; and 3) differentiate between profiles depending on the match location (home or away). Twenty-five U-19 Spanish soccer players were monitored during TSs and OMs for a one-month competitive period using a WIMU PROTM wearable inertial device. The variables of the study were: high speed running distance (HSRD), total sprints (SPs), maximum speed (MS) and player load (PL). OMs required higher demands than TSs in HSRD (460.99 ± 206.18 vs. 315.45 ± 180.12 m; p < 0.01; d = 0.75), SPs (10.86 ± 6.64 vs. 7.23 ± 4.82; p < 0.01; d = 0.69), MS (29.99 ± 2.54 vs. 28.50 ± 2.4 km/h; p < 0.01; d = 0.59) and PL (103.08 ± 24.15 vs. 83.18 ± 17.96 a.u.; p < 0.01; d = 0.94). The interaction between the type of session and mean week’s demands presented differences with medium effect size in MS (p < 0.01; ωp 2 = 0.06) and small effect size in HSRD (p = 0.04; ωp 2 = 0.03), and SP (p = 0.05; ωp 2 = 0.03), but there were no differences in PL (p = 0.18; ωp 2 = 0). Finally, no differences were found in the match location comparison (p > 0.33; d = 0.22–0.33). Therefore, the profiles presented could be useful for future scientific purposes and serve as valid information for coaches trying to optimize performance.
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Kim, Sungdoo, and Elaine Hollensbe. "Work interrupted: a closer look at work boundary permeability." Management Research Review 40, no. 12 (December 11, 2017): 1280–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-02-2017-0025.
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Purpose Given the prevalence of work interrupted by home-related matters, this paper aims to increase knowledge of the antecedents of work boundary permeability by investigating both individual and situational factors; and to better understand the consequences of work boundary permeability by examining both negative and positive effects using a finer-grained measure. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained using two surveys from 308 full-time employees from an information technology firm in the Midwestern USA. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypotheses. Findings Individual differences in segmentation preferences (whether one prefers to keep work and home separated or integrated) and situational factors such as workload and home demands were found to predict work boundary permeability. Further, the results showed that maintaining a highly permeable work boundary may be detrimental rather than beneficial. High work boundary permeability led to greater time- and strain-based home-to-work conflict, but not to affective and instrumental positive spillover. Originality/value Unlike much previous work–home research focusing on how work intrudes on time outside of work, this study focuses exclusively on how the work domain is affected by intrusions from the home domain. The findings deepen the knowledge about today’s workplace that is subject to continual interruptions and spillover from home-related matters.
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Raithatha, Apexa S., and Daxa G. Mishra. "Musculoskeletal Disorders and Perceived Work Demands among Female Nurses at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India." International Journal of Chronic Diseases 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5038381.
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Introduction. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are common among nurses and can affect patient outcomes. There is a dearth of literature on MSD among Indian nurses. The study objective was to measure prevalence of MSD and their association with perceived work demands and sociodemographic variables among female nurses at a tertiary care hospital in rural India.Methods. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 2013 through interviewer administered questionnaires which comprised three parts: sociodemographic data, modified Nordic questionnaire, and perceived physical and psychological work demands.Results. 296 nurses with a mean age of 30.4 years participated. Prevalence of any MSD in the last seven days was 60.5% with low back pain being the most common and elbow pain the least common. Occurrence of any MSD was associated with age, number of children, working hours at home, BMI, and total work experience. High perceived physical demands score was associated with lower back (OR: 3.06) and knee pain (OR: 7.73).Conclusion. Prevalence of MSD was high and occurrence of lower back and knee MSD was associated with perceived physical demands. This information should be used as a benchmark and guiding tool for designing work place interventions to improve working conditions and health of nurses.
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Guberman, Nancy, Éric Gagnon, Denyse Côté, Claude Gilbert, Nicole Thivièrge, and Marielle Tremblay. "How the Trivialization of the Demands of High-Tech Care in the Home is Turning Family Members Into Para-Medical Personnel." Journal of Family Issues 26, no. 2 (March 2005): 247–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x04270208.
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Nelson, H. Wayne, Bo Kyum Yang, Mary W. Carter, Erin Monahan, and Cyrus Engineer. "Nursing Home Administrator’s Job Satisfaction, Work Stressors, and Intent to Leave." Journal of Applied Gerontology 40, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464819896572.
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This study examines how job satisfaction in six subscales and select stressors and demographic covariates influence nursing home administrator’s (NHA) intentions to quit. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 311 NHAs in five states. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the ordered logistic regression models indicated that NHAs with satisfying work demands, rewards, and coworkers, and who experienced less role conflict and had fewer prior nursing home jobs had lower turnover intentions. Although generally satisfied, roughly 24% reported intending to quit. Surprisingly, NHAs reporting higher job skills were more likely to consider leaving, suggesting that talented NHAs may choose career advancement eased by stigma-free job-hopping in an industry with high mobility norms. Qualitative data suggested that job satisfaction/dissatisfaction was influenced by a more nuanced interpretation of satisfying and more taxing job facets and quitting triggers, including themes such as helping residents and struggling with regulations.
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Sternberg, Kathleen J., Michael E. Lamb, Carl-Philip Hwang, Anders Broberg, Robert D. Ketterlinus, and Fred L. Bookstein. "Does Out-of-home Care Affect Compliance in Preschoolers?" International Journal of Behavioral Development 14, no. 1 (March 1991): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502549101400103.
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When they averaged 28 and 40 months of age, 140 Swedish children were observed with their mothers in two situations (a problem-solving task and a clean-up session) designed to allow the assessment of their compliance with maternal demands. Individual differences in their behaviour were then related to measures of the quality of care received by them both at home and in alternative care settings when they averaged 16, 28, and 40 months of age, the amount of social support reportedly received by the mothers, the children's ages, and the amount of early out-of-home care received. Analyses using partial least squares (PLS) analyses showed that children were more compliant in the task situation at 40 months when they had experienced high quality care at home, when they were older, and when they had experienced less out-of-home care prior to 24 months of age. Variations in maternal behaviour in these settings were predicted by the same set of variables, suggesting that parent-child harmony, rather than compliance, was being studied. No consistent dimension of compliance was evident at 28 months.
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Januario, Leticia Bergamin, Kristina Karstad, Reiner Rugulies, Gunnar Bergström, Andreas Holtermann, and David M. Hallman. "Association between Psychosocial Working Conditions and Perceived Physical Exertion among Eldercare Workers: A Cross-Sectional Multilevel Analysis of Nursing Homes, Wards and Workers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19 (September 26, 2019): 3610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193610.
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This cross-sectional multilevel study aims at investigating the associations between psychosocial working conditions of different workplace levels and perceived physical exertion among eldercare workers. Data were obtained from the ‘Danish Observational Study of Eldercare work and musculoskeletal disorderS’ (DOSES) study, including 536 eldercare workers, nested in 126 wards and 20 nursing homes. Psychosocial working conditions were measured by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). The physical workload was measured with a self-administered scale (0–10) rating perceived physical exertion. Multilevel linear mixed models were used to determine associations of psychosocial conditions between nursing homes, wards, and workers with physical exertion. Most of the variance in the perceived physical exertion was explained by differences between workers (83%), but some variance was explained by wards (11%) and nursing homes (6%). Workers employed in nursing homes with low influence (p = 0.01) and poor leadership (p = 0.02), and in wards with high quantitative demands (p = 0.03), high work pace (p < 0.001), and low justice (p = 0.01) were at increased risk of reporting higher physical exertion. The strongest associations were found for low influence, low quality of leadership, and high work pace at nursing homes and ward levels. In conclusion, improving specific psychosocial working conditions at nursing home and ward levels may be of particular importance to reduce excessive physical workload in eldercare workers.
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Pinto, Rita Jorge Cerqueira, Sílvio José Pinto Simões Mariano, and Maria do Rosário Alves Calado. "Power Quality Experimental Analysis on Rural Home Grid-Connected PV Systems." International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/791680.
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Microgeneration is the small-scale generation of heat or electric power or both, by individuals or buildings to meet their own needs. Recently, microgeneration is being regarded as a means to decentralize the power production of renewable energies, reducing the impacts on the grid caused by unexpected energy demands. Given the increase in microgeneration facilities, determining the quantity of energy produced and the power quality assumes growing importance in low, medium, or high voltage facilities. This paper presents a power quality analysis of two different facilities with photovoltaic generation localized in a rural area of Portugal, describing the voltage and frequency behaviour, the harmonic contents, and the total harmonic distortion. Statistical data are presented regarding the number of voltage events and occurrence of dips and swells in both facilities as a percentage of rated voltage. We conclude that some PV systems can severely affect voltage quality, forcing the grid to work at and even above the maximum voltage standard limit.
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Poole, Graham. "Fisheries policy and economic development in Greenland in the 1980s." Polar Record 26, no. 157 (April 1990): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400011153.
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ApstractThis article describes the main characteristics of the Greenlandic economy in the 1980s and the aims of the country's Home Rule Government in regard to fisheries policy and economic development. The strategy adopted by the Home Rule Government is presented and evaluated, in terms both of economic theory and of results. Greenland's problems are similar to those of other developing countries, but intensified by its Arctic location, communications problems, a vulnerable resource base and harsh operating conditions inits fisheries, also by its colonial and post-colonial history which has fuelled aspirations towards a high standard of living and given rise to high import demands. Difficulties encountered point towards a modification of the aims and policies of the government, including adoption of a less ambitious approach, focusing upon satisfying basic social and economic needs, and avoiding the mistakes made by the Danish administration in the 1960s and 1970s, which led to alienation of segments of the population from the process of development.
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Dudman, Jenny, Julienne Meyer, Cheryl Holman, and Wendy Moyle. "Recognition of the complexity facing residential care homes: a practitioner inquiry." Primary Health Care Research & Development 19, no. 6 (February 15, 2018): 584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463423618000105.
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AbstractAimTo explore the experiences and challenges for residential care home staff when managing the healthcare needs of their residents, in particular those living with dementia.BackgroundIncreasing number of older people, with complex health and social care needs are living in residential care homes. Yet there is limited appreciation of why staff sometimes struggle to manage residents’ healthcare needs, or understanding of their working relationship with district nurses (DNs), whose responsibility it is to provide nursing support.MethodsThis PhD study, in a metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, was conducted by an experienced DN and involved three phases. This paper focuses on the first two phases. Phase 1 data included: semi-structured interviews (n=8), reflective field notes based on non-participant observation, documentary analysis of policies, procedures and assessment tools and other contextual data from one care home (case study site). The practitioner researcher reflected on the findings from the case study, in relation to her own knowledge and experience as a DN, focusing in particular on findings that were familiar, or which surprised. In Phase 2 she fed these findings back to other care homes (n=11) to check whether the findings from the single case study were unique or resonated with others. She gathered their feedback through semi-structured interviews with senior care staff (n=14). Data were analysed using thematic data analysis.FindingsFindings highlight the complexity facing residential care homes: high levels of healthcare needs amongst residents, the demands of caring for residents living with dementia, variations in the knowledge and skill set of care staff, inequity in the level of healthcare support, the challenges of building a good relationship with DNs, and funding pressures facing care homes.ImplicationsAny, or all of these factors can prevent care home staff from managing the healthcare needs of their residents.
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Liang, Xiaoniu, Zhao Chen, Xinqi Dong, Qianhua Zhao, Qihao Guo, Li Zheng, Wei Deng, Jianfeng Luo, and Ding Ding. "Mental Work Demands and Late-Life Cognitive Impairment: Results From the Shanghai Aging Study." Journal of Aging and Health 31, no. 5 (April 16, 2018): 883–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264318765034.
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Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the association between mental work demands (MWDs) and late-life cognition among Chinese older adults. Method: Data were drawn from the baseline of the Shanghai Aging Study. Results: Among 3,546 participants, the mean MWDs index of participants with dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and cognitive normal were 2.8 ( SD = 0.5), 2.8 ( SD = 0.5), and 2.9 ( SD = 0.4), respectively. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in group with low MWDs level decreased more dramatically by increasing age than that in groups with middle and high MWDs level ( p < .001). In a subgroup of participants with education ≥6 years, we found a positive correlation between MWDs index and MMSE score after adjusting for gender, age, body mass index, income, living alone, smoking, drinking, anxiety, depression, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and APOE-ε4 (apolipoprotein), by generalized linear model analysis ( p < .001). Discussion: Our results suggest that long-time mental work stimulation during adulthood would have potential benefits to late-life cognition.
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Odu, Onyike Maggaret. "Management of Students Crisis in Higher Institutions of Learning in Nigeria." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 15 (October 2013): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.15.31.
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This study was intended to investigate factors that characterized campus crisis and suggests way forward with the aim of maintaining crisis free institutions. Two null hypotheses were formulated and tested for the study. The results of this study suggest that: two reasons could be responsible for not meeting the demands of the students. First is the high population of students to match the available facilities, students’ demands and the attitudes of some authorities who refuse to listen to students’ request. Secondly, lack of essential facilities in campuses cause students’ crisis in higher institutions of learning in Nigeria. Based on the findings, cultism, communication gap between authorities and students’ representatives, hyper-patriotic youthful exuberance in deviating from behavioural norms of the society and students’ home background are major causes of students’ crisis in higher institutions in Nigeria.
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Fox, Jordan L., Robert Stanton, Charli Sargent, Cody J. O’Grady, and Aaron T. Scanlan. "The Impact of Contextual Factors on Game Demands in Starting, Semiprofessional, Male Basketball Players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0203.
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Purpose: To quantify and compare external and internal game workloads according to contextual factors (game outcome, game location, and score-line). Methods: Starting semiprofessional, male basketball players were monitored during 19 games. External (PlayerLoad™ and inertial movement analysis variables) and internal (summated-heart-rate-zones and rating of perceived exertion [RPE]) workload variables were collected for all games. Linear mixed-effect models and effect sizes were used to compare workload variables based on each of the contextual variables assessed. Results: The number of jumps, absolute and relative (in min−1) high-intensity accelerations and decelerations, and relative changes-of-direction were higher during losses, whereas session RPE was higher during wins. PlayerLoad™ the number of absolute and relative jumps, high-intensity accelerations, absolute and relative total decelerations, total changes-of-direction, summated-heart-rate-zones, session RPE, and RPE were higher during away games, whereas the number of relative high-intensity jumps was higher during home games. PlayerLoad™, the number of high-intensity accelerations, total accelerations, absolute and relative decelerations, absolute and relative changes-of-direction, summated-heart-rate-zones, sRPE, and RPE were higher during balanced games, whereas the relative number of total and high-intensity jumps were higher during unbalanced games. Conclusions: Due to increased intensity, starting players may need additional recovery following losses. Given the increased external and internal workload volumes encountered during away games and balanced games, practitioners should closely monitor playing times during games. Monitoring playing times may help identify when players require additional recovery or reduced training volumes to avoid maladaptive responses across the in-season.
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Kar, Suryatapa, and Damodar Suar. "Role of Burnout in the Relationship between Job Demands and Job Outcomes among Indian Nurses." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 39, no. 4 (October 2014): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920140403.
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Burnout is a severe psychological strain that occurs in response to prolonged exposure to stress at work and has adverse individual and organizational consequences. It has reached a critical stage among today's workforce with a high occurrence among human service professionals. Although avid studies on burnout have been made worldwide, the same among the nursing profession still needs more attention. The goals of this study are to understand how various nursing specific job demands have impact on nurses� burnout and to see if burnout has a role in their job commitment and intentions to turnover. Through a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 862 nurses working in 24 private and public hospitals across six cities in India. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analyses, path analyses, and mediator analyses tested the hypotheses. The results reveal the following: Workplace demands such as role conflict, role ambiguity, work load, work-home conflict, shift work attitudes, job complexity, physical environment, and organizational politics are positively associated with emotional exhaustion. While role ambiguity, organizational politics, and job complexity are important predictors of depersonalization, role ambiguity and organizational politics have lowered personal accomplishment. While perception of organizational politics is found to be the most important predictor of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, role ambiguity is the most important predictor of reduced personal accomplishment. While emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment are responsible for decreased commitment, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization initiate the intentions to turnover. Finding of the study provided empirical evidence that tri-components of burnout mediate the relationships between job demand and outcome variables. Emotional exhaustion is the most important mediator between job demand and outcome variables. In the context of the nursing profession, the above-mentioned job demands can be minimized. Also, early screening for burnout components can help in mitigating their adverse impacts on commitment and turnover of nurses through targeted strategies.
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Miller, Frank L., and Samuel J. Barry. "Single-island home range use by four female Peary caribou, Bathurst Island, Canadian High Arctic, 1993-94." Rangifer 23, no. 5 (April 1, 2003): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.23.5.1710.
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Spatial and temporal use of seasonal, and collectively, annual ranges by four female Peary caribou (Rangifer taran-dus pearyi) was investigated using satellite telemetry. Knowledge of how caribou use space allows a better understanding of their demands on those ranges and enhances evaluation of associated environmental stressors. The study took place during an environmentally favorable caribou-year with high reproduction and calf survival and low (none detected) 1+ yr-old mortality, 1 August 1993 to 31 July 1994, Bathurst Island, south-central Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canadian High Arctic. All four females exhibited a pattern of single-island seasonal, and collectively, annual range use. Estimates of the maximum area encompassed by each individual during the course of the annual-cycle varied from 1735 to 2844 km2 (mean±SE = 2284±250 km2). Although, there was 46% spatial overlap among individual ranges, temporal isolation resulted in the four individuals maintaining seasonal ranges distinctly separate from each other. This collective area encompassed 4970 km2 and equaled about 31% and 18% of Bathurst Island and the Bathurst Island complex, respectively. Individual wintering areas formed a relatively small portion of each individual's annual range (mean±SE=71±17 km2): 24 km2, 158 days of occupation, <1% of the annual area; 70 km2, 187 days, 4%; 95 km2, 200 days, 4%; and 94 km2, 172 days, 6%. Seasonal movements were greatest during pre-rut and pre-calving.
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Huszaník, Tomáš, Ján Turán, and Ľuboš Ovseník. "Simulation of Downlink of 10G-PON FTTH in the city of Košice." Carpathian Journal of Electronic and Computer Engineering 11, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cjece-2018-0006.
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Abstract Optical fiber has the great advantages of capacity and reliability. That is why network providers started to deploy FTTx (Fiber-To-The-x) optical access using various PON (Passive Optical Network) architectures. The leading technology right now is Gigabit PON (GPON). However, with increasing amount of multimedia we need to further develop existing technologies to go on with these high demands. Fiber-To-The-Home (FTTH) using 10G-PON technology for broadband access application is effective solution for high speed networks with high capacity. In this paper, we look at the passive optical network in the city of Košice and based on the real network we created simulation model of downlink of 10G-PON based FTTH with triple-play service.
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Wunderlich, S., M. Welpot, and I. Gaspard. "Indoor radio channel modeling and mitigation of fading effects using linear and circular polarized antennas in combination for smart home system at 868 MHz." Advances in Radio Science 12 (November 10, 2014): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-12-53-2014.
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Abstract. The markets for smart home products and services are expected to grow over the next years, driven by the increasing demands of homeowners considering energy monitoring, management, environmental controls and security. Many of these new systems will be installed in existing homes and offices and therefore using radio based systems for cost reduction. A drawback of radio based systems in indoor environments are fading effects which lead to a high variance of the received signal strength and thereby to a difficult predictability of the encountered path loss of the various communication links. For that reason it is necessary to derive a statistical path loss model which can be used to plan a reliable and cost effective radio network. This paper presents the results of a measurement campaign, which was performed in six buildings to deduce realistic radio channel models for a high variety of indoor radio propagation scenarios in the short range devices (SRD) band at 868 MHz. Furthermore, a potential concept to reduce the variance of the received signal strength using a circular polarized (CP) patch antenna in combination with a linear polarized antenna in an one-to-one communication link is presented.
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Zakwoi, Iliya S., Soyinka O. Kolawole, Ogbeide O. K, and Omeiza I. O. A. "Radial Line Slot Array Antenna Feeder Design Using Optimization Algorithm." Modern Applied Science 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v13n1p214.
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High Bandwidth is required today to meet the demands for high data rates needed for future Direct-to Home (DTH) services in Ka-Band. In this work, the Brainstorm Optimization (BSO) method for the feeder architecture design is utilized to meet this need at 28GHz. The BSO is used as tool for the optimization of the beam squinted antenna feeder parameters in terms of air gaps, radial cavity dimensions and dielectric thickness needed for the optimal customization of the conventional Sub-Miniature A (SMA) connector for enhanced bandwidth realization in Ka Band at 28 GHz required for Direct to Home Services (DTH). Solutions values realized from the BSO algorithm using MATLAB computations were included in a visual BASIC program in the macros of CST 2017 microwave suites for pattern generation and antenna radiation characteristics computations A radiation efficiency value of 95.97% was achieved, an Impedance Bandwidth of 99.61% and Gain of 23.09dBi were achieved. Results were compared with earlier studies on Ka Band at 28GHz and the results shows an improvement in the bandwidth and directivity values.
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Arnaert, Antonia, and Megan Wainwright. "Providing care and sharing expertise: Reflections of nurse-specialists in palliative home care." Palliative and Supportive Care 7, no. 3 (September 2009): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951509990290.
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AbstractObjective:This study explored the experiences, perspectives, and reflections of five nurse-specialists in palliative home care, whose dual role includes caring for patients in their daily practice as well as sharing their knowledge, skills, expertise, and experiences with other home care nurses in the community.Methods:A qualitative research design, incorporating face-to-face semistructured interviews, was used. Interviews were based on open-ended questions such as: “What is your experience in providing palliative home care to patients and their families? How do you feel about sharing your expertise and experiences with home care nurses?” Data were content analyzed using the constant comparative method.Results:Three major themes and a number of subthemes emerged: (1) acknowledging one's own limitations and humanness: (a) calling for backup, (b) learning as we go along, (c) coping with emotional demands, and (d) interacting with family members; (2) building a collaborative partnership: (a) working collaboratively, (b) sharing information, (c) guiding home care nurses, and (d) being nonjudgmental; and (3) teamwork and implementing palliative home care teams.Significance of results:Nurse-specialists play a key role in palliative home care as both carers and as resources of expert knowledge for other home care nurses caring for palliative patients. As the population ages, the health care system will be faced with increasing requests for high-quality palliative home care. The results of this study demonstrate that, from the perspective of the nurse-specialists of NOVA-Montréal (a nonprofit social and health service organization), nurse-specialists can work collaboratively with home care nurses to improve patients' quality of care and their quality of life. Moreover, patients and their families would benefit from the more widespread establishment of palliative care teams within community health organizations.
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Mohd Yusoff, Yusniza, Khazriyati Salehuddin, Imran Ho Abdullah, and Hasnah Toran. "English Morphosyntactic Performance of A High-Functioning ASD Child: Implications on ELT." Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction 16, Number 1 (June 2, 2019): 155–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/mjli2019.16.1.7.
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Purpose – The inclusion of an increasing number of highfunctioning ASD children in mainstream classrooms demands for adequate awareness of autism and effective teaching methods from teachers to ensure that learning takes places efficiently. Hence, this study investigated the atypical language performance of a highfunctioning Malay girl with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who chose to acquire English as her first language (L1) and eventually spoke the language fluently despite English not being the main language at home. Focus was given on the child’s literate language use of morphology and syntax in present tense English. Methodology – Data was collected from spontaneous speech interactions with an 8-year-old high-functioning ASD child for a period of 12 months. The interactions were conducted at the child’s home. Each session lasted approximately an hour and was video recorded. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. In this study, focus was given on the morphology and syntax of the child’s present tense structures in English. Findings – The findings revealed four main themes: 1) elaborated noun phrases, 2) adverbs, 3) conjunctions, plus 4) mental and linguistic verbs. The findings indicated the child’s strength in her language performance that was consistent albeit with weak central coherence account and that she was not at the optional infinitive stage of grammatical development. Significance – These findings led to a further understanding of the language acquisition process in high-functioning children with ASD in Malaysia, and called for mainstream teachers to 1) upgrade their skills, enhance their knowledge and develop their awareness of the linguistic ability of high-functioning ASD children, and 2) implement effective teaching methods in managing them.
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Short, D., and J. Norwood. "Why is high-tech healthcare at home purchasing underdeveloped and what could be done to improve it?" Health Services Management Research 16, no. 2 (May 1, 2003): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095148403321591447.
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Executive Letter (95)5 initiated a change of health policy preventing general practitioners (GPs) from prescribing packages of 'high-tech healthcare at home' (HTHC). From 1 April 1995, district health authorities were required to establish contracts to purchase such care. Several reasons were behind this policy change including the belief that contracting would improve service quality by encouraging competition between potential suppliers, securing better value for money, and establishing service specifications and monitoring mechanisms. Our survey of 98 health authorities, however, highlighted that contracting for home total parenteral nutrition, intravenous antibiotics for patients with cystic fibrosis, intravenous chemotherapy and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is largely undeveloped. The majority of districts contracted with historic providers and authorities freely admitted that they did not know whether they were obtaining value for money or a service of adequate quality. Only three districts had developed a strategy for purchasing HTHC as required by the Executive Letter, and only 17 had plans to re-examine their approach. Contracting for HTHC presents practical problems, including the complexity of the process and the significant time demands for efficient and effective contracting. Phase two of this research sought to produce a 'guide to good practice' for health authorities wishing to re-examine and improve their purchasing. We conducted case study analyses in districts that had made effective progress and those that had encountered difficulties, drawing upon lessons learned. We reported our findings to the NHS Executive and supplemented this with a 'toolbox' that included sample documents covering areas such as tendering, monitoring mechanisms, service specifications and different purchasing approaches.
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Jones, C. Birk, Matthew Lave, William Vining, and Brooke Marshall Garcia. "Uncontrolled Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts on Distribution Electric Power Systems with Primarily Residential, Commercial or Industrial Loads." Energies 14, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 1688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061688.
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An increase in Electric Vehicles (EV) will result in higher demands on the distribution electric power systems (EPS) which may result in thermal line overloading and low voltage violations. To understand the impact, this work simulates two EV charging scenarios (home- and work-dominant) under potential 2030 EV adoption levels on 10 actual distribution feeders that support residential, commercial, and industrial loads. The simulations include actual driving patterns of existing (non-EV) vehicles taken from global positioning system (GPS) data. The GPS driving behaviors, which explain the spatial and temporal EV charging demands, provide information on each vehicles travel distance, dwell locations, and dwell durations. Then, the EPS simulations incorporate the EV charging demands to calculate the power flow across the feeder. Simulation results show that voltage impacts are modest (less than 0.01 p.u.), likely due to robust feeder designs and the models only represent the high-voltage (“primary”) system components. Line loading impacts are more noticeable, with a maximum increase of about 15%. Additionally, the feeder peak load times experience a slight shift for residential and mixed feeders (≈1 h), not at all for the industrial, and 8 h for the commercial feeder.
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Håkanson, Cecilia, Berit Seiger Cronfalk, Eva Henriksen, Astrid Norberg, Britt-Marie Ternestedt, and Jonas Sandberg. "First-Line Nursing Home Managers in Sweden and their Views on Leadership and Palliative Care." Open Nursing Journal 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874434601408010071.
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The aim of this study was to investigate first-line nursing home managers’ views on their leadership and related to that, palliative care. Previous research reveals insufficient palliation, and a number of barriers towards implementation of palliative care in nursing homes. Among those barriers are issues related to leadership quality. First-line managers play a pivotal role, as they influence working conditions and quality of care. Nine first-line managers, from different nursing homes in Sweden participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using qualitative descriptive content analysis. In the results, two categories were identified: embracing the role of leader and being a victim of circumstances, illuminating how the first-line managers handle expectations and challenges linked to the leadership role and responsibility for palliative care. The results reveal views corresponding to committed leaders, acting upon demands and expectations, but also to leaders appearing to have resigned from the leadership role, and who express powerlessness with little possibility to influence care. The first line managers reported their own limited knowledge about palliative care to limit their possibilities of taking full leadership responsibility for implementing palliative care principles in their nursing homes. The study stresses that for the provision of high quality palliative care in nursing homes, first-line managers need to be knowledgeable about palliative care, and they need supportive organizations with clear expectations and goals about palliative care. Future action and learning oriented research projects for the implementation of palliative care principles, in which first line managers actively participate, are suggested.
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Otto, Ann-Kathrin, Juliane Pietschmann, Luisa-Marie Appelles, Michael Bebenek, Laura L. Bischoff, Claudia Hildebrand, Bettina Johnen, et al. "Physical activity and health promotion for nursing staff in elderly care: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (October 2020): e038202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038202.
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IntroductionNursing staff is burdened by high workload and stress. Furthermore, heavy lifting, as well as transferring nursing home residents, cause lumbar tissue damage and back pain. Exercise intervention studies to reduce work-related problems are rare and the evidence for efficacy of studies among nurses is limited. Studies including targeted analysis of requirements are necessary to generate effective recommendations and tailored interventions for health promotion programmes. The purpose of this multicentred intervention study is to identify work-related problems, to implement health promotion programmes and to evaluate their effectiveness.Methods and analysisA randomised controlled trial will be conducted, including a total of 48 nursing home facilities in eight regions of Germany with an estimated sample size of 700 nurses. Standardised ergonomics and posture training (10 weeks, once a week for 20–30 min) and subsequently, back-fitness training (12 weeks, once a week for 45–60 min) will be administered. Following the implementation of standardised health promotion programmes, further demand-oriented interventions can be implemented. The perceived exposure to work-related demands, work-related pain in different parts of the body, health-related quality of life, perceived stress, work-related patterns of behaviour and experience, presentism behaviour, work environment as well as general needs and barriers to health promotion, will be assessed at baseline (pre-test), at 10 weeks (post-test, after ergonomics training), at 22 weeks (post-test, after back-fitness training) and at 34 weeks of the programme (follow-up).Ethics and disseminationThe study was reviewed and approved by the local ethics committee of the University of Hamburg (AZ: 2018_168). The results of the study will be published in open-access and international journals. Furthermore, the results will be presented in the participating nursing homes and at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberDRKS.de (DRKS00015241).
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Kinman, Gail, Andrew James Clements, and Jacqui Hart. "Working Conditions, Work–Life Conflict, and Well-Being in U.K. Prison Officers." Criminal Justice and Behavior 44, no. 2 (September 24, 2016): 226–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854816664923.
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Although prison officers experience working conditions associated with work–life conflict, little research has explored this issue. This study draws upon the work–home resources model to investigate relationships between working conditions (demands and experiences of aggression) and time-based, strain-based, and behavior-based work–life conflict in U.K. prison officers ( N = 1,682). Associations between working conditions, work–life conflict, and emotional exhaustion were also examined. Two recovery behaviors (affective rumination and detachment) were considered as potential moderators of associations between working conditions and emotional exhaustion. High levels of all work–life conflict dimensions were found, which were related to working conditions and emotional exhaustion. Some evidence was found that higher rumination and lower detachment exacerbated the positive association between both job demands and aggression and emotional exhaustion. The implications of the findings for the well-being and professional functioning of prison officers are discussed, together with key areas for future research.
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Evans, Victoria, Thomas DeMarse, Marcelo Febo, Cynthia Johnson, Paul Carney, and Christopher Anderson. "Cannabidiol for the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Children: Current State of Research." Journal of Pediatric Neurology 15, no. 04 (January 23, 2017): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1598109.
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AbstractThe reported effectiveness of these home preparations, especially those with high cannabidiol (CBD) concentrations, has garnered the attention of the medical community. In particular cannabis sativa, known for its lack of a psychoactive effect and high CBD content, has become a target of medical research. The shift in public and political interest to medicinal applications of CBD demands renewed research into its efficacy. Pediatric populations in particular stand to benefit significantly from a better understanding of the safety and efficacy of this novel treatment. This review discusses the current state of CBD research and identifies areas that require further investigation as they pertain to pediatric epilepsy populations. It will especially cover those suffering from refractory epilepsies for which other methods of remediation have not sufficed.
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Bentzen, Marte, Nicolas Lemyre, and Göran Kenttä. "A Comparison of High-Performance Football Coaches Experiencing High- Versus Low-Burnout Symptoms Across a Season of Play: Quality of Motivation and Recovery Matters." International Sport Coaching Journal 4, no. 2 (May 2017): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2016-0045.
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The purpose of the current study was to provide insights in how and why four head coaches in elite football experienced being either high or low in burnout symptoms (BS) during a competitive season. A longitudinal sequential quantitative-qualitative mixed method approach was used to enhance the understanding of coaches’ experiences. First, data were collected using online questionnaires at the start and at the end of the competitive season with all coaches working at the Norwegian Elite Football League level. Second, in-depth interviews were conducted with four head coaches who were purposefully selected based on having the two highest and the two lowest burnout scores across the season compared with the overall sample. A quantitative approach was used to explore whether these four coaches differed when compared with the overall population on the associated variables: performance, budget, quality of motivation, perceived workload, work-home-interference (WHI), and recovery. A qualitative approach helped gain more insight in the experiences these four coaches had with possible onset variables. Analyses comparing the two sets of coaches, indicated no difference related to performance, budget and workload. However, the motivational profile, WHI, and ability to meet recovery demands were variables that contributed to explain differences in coaches’ BS.