Academic literature on the topic 'High home demands'
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Journal articles on the topic "High home demands"
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Bhatt, Dhowmya, Danalakshmi D, A. Hariharasudan, Marcin Lis, and Marlena Grabowska. "Forecasting of Energy Demands for Smart Home Applications." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 17, 2021): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041045.
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The utilization of energy is on the rise in current trends due to increasing consumptions by households. Smart buildings, on the other hand, aim to optimize energy, and hence, the aim of the study is to forecast the cost of energy consumption in smart buildings by effectively addressing the minimal energy consumption. However, smart buildings are restricted, with limited power access and capacity associated with Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) units. It further suffers from low communication capability due to device limitations. In this paper, a balanced deep learning architecture is used to offer solutions to address these constraints. The deep learning algorithm considers three constraints, such as a multi-objective optimization problem and a fitness function, to resolve the price management problem and high-level energy consumption in HVAC systems. The study analyzes and optimizes the consumption of power in smart buildings by the HVAC systems in terms of power loss, price management and reactive power. Experiments are conducted over various scenarios to check the integrity of the system over various smart buildings and in high-rise buildings. The results are compared in terms of various HVAC devices on various metrics and communication protocols, where the proposed system is considered more effective than other methods. The results of the Li-Fi communication protocols show improved results compared to the other communication protocols.
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Tomalski, Przemysław, Karolina Marczuk, Ewa Pisula, Anna Malinowska, Rafał Kawa, and Alicja Niedźwiecka. "Chaotic home environment is associated with reduced infant processing speed under high task demands." Infant Behavior and Development 48 (August 2017): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.04.007.
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Isbell, Daniel R., and Benjamin Kremmel. "Test Review: Current options in at-home language proficiency tests for making high-stakes decisions." Language Testing 37, no. 4 (July 16, 2020): 600–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265532220943483.
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Administration of high-stakes language proficiency tests has been disrupted in many parts of the world as a result of the 2019 novel coronavirus pandemic. Institutions that rely on test scores have been forced to adapt, and in many cases this means using scores from a different test, or a new online version of an existing test, that can be taken at home. The switch to accepting at-home proficiency tests for high-stakes decisions raises many concerns for stakeholders, such as technological demands, exam security, and validity of score use. Along these lines, this thematic review addresses such concerns and features brief reviews of seven options in at-home proficiency testing: ACTFL Assessments, Duolingo English Test, IELTS Indicator, LanguageCert, TEF Express, TOEFL iBT Special Home Edition, and Versant. Considering at-home testing more broadly, we discuss key considerations for selecting an at-home test. We close with speculation on how at-home tests may shape language testing going forward: Beyond adapting to the current pandemic, at-home testing might address longstanding issues in access to language testing services and the representation of real-world communication practices in language tests.
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Anderson, James W., and Nancyj Gustafson. "Adherence to High-Carbohydrate, High-Fiber Diets." Diabetes Educator 15, no. 5 (October 1989): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014572178901500512.
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Successful diabetes management demands a high degree of adherence. Adherence to medical prescriptions, particularly special diets, is notoriously poor. A study of 40 individuals with IDDM and NIDDM who were followed an average of 23 months found good or excellent dietary adherence in 70 % of subjects; only 5 % demon strated poor adherence. Adherence was assessed objec tively based on carbohydrate, fat, and fiber intakes reported in 24- hour food recalls, 7-day food frequency surveys, and home food records. High dietary fiber intake may independently enhance adherence, perhaps by increasing satiety or because of the simplicity of the concept. Good communi cation between the health profes sional and patient is also fundamental to all stages of dietary adherence. Use of adherence-enhancing techniques throughout adoption of new diet behaviors promotes long-term adherence to high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diets.
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Brauchli, Rebecca, Georg F. Bauer, and Oliver Hämmig. "Job Autonomy Buffers the Impact of Work–Life Conflict on Organizational Outcomes." Swiss Journal of Psychology 73, no. 2 (January 2014): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000126.
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This study first examines domain-specific antecedents of work–life conflict (i.e., job demands and home demands); second, it investigates turnover intention, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment as outcomes of work–life conflict relevant to organizations; and, finally, it studies the role of job autonomy as a buffer between work–life conflict and these organizational outcomes. Data were collected from four large organizations with a total sample of 6,091 employees. High time-related job demands were found to be a major antecedent of work-to-life conflict (WLC), while home demands predicted life-to-work conflict (LWC). Moreover, our analyses showed that WLC, but not LWC, predicts turnover intention, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. In addition, the results suggest that job autonomy is a buffer associated with WLC and organizational outcomes, since all two-way interactions were significant, but not with LWC, since the respective interactions were not significant.
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Nilsen, Charlotta, Neda Agahi, and Ingemar Kåreholt. "Work Stressors in Late Midlife and Physical Functioning in Old Age." Journal of Aging and Health 29, no. 5 (June 24, 2016): 893–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264316654673.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between work stressors in late midlife and physical functioning in old age. Method: Two linked nationally representative Swedish surveys were used: the 1991 Level of Living Survey (age 57-65) and the 2011 Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old. Work stressors were measured with the job demand–control model and physical functioning in old age with physical performance tests, lung function tests, and self-reported mobility. Ordered logistic and linear regressions were performed ( n = 166-214). Results: High demands, low control, and high strain (i.e., high demands combined with low control) were associated with limited physical functioning in women. Low control and passive jobs were associated with limited physical functioning in men. Discussion: Work stressors in late midlife are important predictors of physical functioning in older adults. However, women and men seem to be vulnerable to different work stressors.
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Chard, Holly. "Give People What They Expect: John Hughes Family Films and Seriality in 1990s Hollywood." Film Studies 17, no. 1 (2017): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/fs.17.0007.
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This article explores serial production strategies and textual seriality in Hollywood cinema during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Focusing on John Hughes‘ high concept family comedies, it examines how Hughes exploited the commercial opportunities offered by serial approaches to both production and film narrative. This article first considers why Hughes‘ production set-up enabled him to standardise his movies and respond quickly to audience demand. The analysis then explores how the Home Alone films (1990–97), Dennis the Menace (1993) and Baby‘s Day Out (1994) balanced demands for textual repetition and novelty.
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Nelson, H. Wayne, Bo Kyum Yang, Cyrus Y. Engineer, and Mary W. Carter. "NURSING HOME ADMINISTRATOR STRESS, SATISFACTION, AND INTENTIONS TO LEAVE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1864.
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Abstract Previous studies reported that high Nursing Home Administrator (NHA) turnover correlates with low staff morale and poorer care outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess how NHA job satisfaction (JS) (in five subscales: job content, coworkers, work demands, work load, work skills, and rewards) interacts with role conflict and ambiguity, autonomy, work conflict, and influence and to estimate the odds of having NHA’s intent to quit by degree of job satisfaction. A total 208 responses were collected from the online survey in 2017 among NHAs currently working in nursing homes in 5 states. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression models. The findings suggested that NHAs were generally satisfied in all JS subscales and expressed moderately high levels of autonomy, neutral levels of work conflict, role conflict and role ambiguity. NHAs with good coworker relations (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=0.67), fair job demands (AOR=0.68) and rewards (A0R=0.8), were less likely to harbor quitting intents. Interestingly, NHAs reporting higher job skills were more likely to consider leaving nursing homes (AOR=1.46). Overall, study findings are consistent with previous JS research with the exception that higher perceived skill efficacy was found to be associated with greater likelihood of quitting in the near future. This suggests perhaps that more highly skilled NHAs may now have less tolerance for work discomfort. These findings are presented in the context of earlier studies on NHA turnover as well as likely implications of changing market conditions.
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Bradley, Lucy K., and Jean C. Stutz. "A Web Site for Urban Horticulture: Meeting Increasing Demands with Decreasing Resources." HortTechnology 8, no. 2 (April 1998): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.2.242.
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The Univ. of Arizona Cooperative Extension home horticulture World Wide Web site for Maricopa County, “Environmentally responsible gardening and landscaping in the low desert,” provides the public with timely, research-based, regionally appropriate information. This delivery method enables self-service access to prepared text information and high-quality images that could not be economically distributed via traditional print methods, and interactive opportunities for submitting questions.
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Buskila, Yaffa, and Tamar Chen-Levi. "Intense Teaching Schedule in Israeli Teachers." ATHENS JOURNAL OF EDUCATION 8, no. 3 (February 5, 2021): 329–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/aje.8-3-5.
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The teaching profession is highly stressful. Stress is a negative phenomenon that develops under conditions of uncontrollable, prolonged and increased pressure. In this study, our goal is (a) to investigate teachers' perception of the sources of stress in school in light of the neoliberal reforms and (b) to compare these sources of stress in primary school, middle school and high school teachers. We hypothesize that the demands and the workload to improve scores in standardized tests, increase the need of teachers to take work home. Therefore, home demands may conflict with school demands. Furthermore, the greatest pressure is on elementary and middle school teachers: Early efforts to improve student achievements in the lower grades would result in better-prepared students in high schools. Data about the sources of stress is based on a previous study of Buskila, Buskila, Giris and Ablin (2019) that investigated the connection between the effects of stress on teachers on somatic syndromes. Three hundred and twenty-one public school teachers working in the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Israel participated in the study. Findings of the mean of the entire samples revealed that the highest level of stress was caused by intense teaching schedule with insufficient breaks. The second cause was related to the composition of the students in the class, and the third was home demands conflicting with school demands. In the middle schools, the highest levels of stress are caused by school principals (M=5.98, SD=3.09) and second is in high school (M=5.00, SD=3.33). The highest level of stress caused by the superintendent is on primary school teachers (M=3.97, SD=3.33) and the second are the middle school teachers (M=3.79, SD = 2.95). The lowest stress level was in high school (M=2.68, SD=2.83). Three significance differences of stress were found among primary, middle, and high schools: The school principal is the highest source of pressure in the middle schools (P=.034), and the superintendent causes the highest level of stress in primary schools (P=.006). The third cause was in high school, related to physical school conditions (p=.002). These results are relevant to teachers, educators, and policy makers involved in planning and managing educational strategies and teachers’ schedules. Identifying and preventing the sources of stress can facilitate better teaching conditions, and a more effective and efficient atmosphere in school. Keywords: Stress at school, teachers' stress, causes of stress in school
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "High home demands"
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Richardson, Ian. "Integrated high-resolution modelling of domestic electricity demand and low voltage electricity distribution networks." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7968.
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Assessing the impact of domestic low-carbon technologies on the electricity distribution network requires a detailed insight into the operation of networks and the power demands of consumers. When used on a wide-scale, low-carbon technologies, including domestic scale micro-generation, heat pumps, electric vehicles and flexible demand, will change the nature of domestic electricity use. In providing a basis for the quantification of the impact upon distribution networks, this thesis details the construction and use of a high-resolution integrated model that simulates both existing domestic electricity use and low voltage distribution networks. Electricity demand is modelled at the level of individual household appliances and is based upon surveyed occupant time-use data. This approach results in a simulation that exhibits realistic time-variant demand characteristics, in both individual dwellings, as well as, groups of dwellings together. Validation is performed against real domestic electricity use data, measured for this purpose, from dwellings in Loughborough in the East Midlands, UK. The low voltage distribution network is modelled using real network data, and the output of its simulation is validated against measured network voltages and power demands. The integrated model provides a highly detailed insight into the operation of networks at a one-minute resolution. This integrated model is the main output of this research, alongside published articles and a freely downloadable software implementation of the demand model.
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Jones, Rory V. "An investigation of the socio-economic, technical and appliance related factors affecting high electrical energy demand in UK homes." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14477.
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The amount of electricity used in individual UK homes varies considerably. Previous UK energy research has identified that high electricity consuming homes not only use more electricity, compared with others, but appear to be consuming even more electricity over time. Furthermore, there is additional evidence which shows that high consuming dwellings also have a greater potential to make energy savings than those who consume less. It has been suggested that future UK energy policy might focus on reducing the demand of high electricity consumers in order to reduce overall CO2 emissions. Therefore, understanding what drives high usage in domestic buildings is essential to support informed decisions. This thesis asserts that to improve knowledge and understanding of the factors affecting high electrical energy consumption in UK domestic buildings, it is necessary to combine an analysis of the occupants socio-economic characteristics, dwelling technical characteristics and appliance related aspects, with detailed monitoring of the ownership, power demand and occupants use of electrical appliances. Using a sample of 315 UK homes, the influence of socio-economic, technical and appliance related characteristics on the probability of a household being a high electrical energy consumer was investigated (Odds ratio analysis). Detailed appliance monitoring data was collected from 27 UK homes to establish the contributions of appliance ownership, power demand and use to high electrical energy demand (Appliance Electricity Use Survey). The current research found similar skewed electricity distributions towards high electricity consumers for both the 315 and 27 home cohorts. Conflicting results were however obtained from the two household samples with regard to whether high electricity consumers are increasing electrical energy demand over time. The results of the odds ratio analysis and Appliance Electricity Use Survey suggest that high electricity consumption in domestic buildings is related to a combination of the socio-economic characteristics of the building occupants, technical characteristics of the dwelling and the ownership, power demand and use of electrical appliances.
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Ahlberg, Alexander, and Ann-Lovise Hult. "Working from home and audit quality : A study of Swedish auditors with high home demands." Thesis, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84633.
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Since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020, many Swedish auditors have been forced to work fulltime from home. If auditors are negatively impacted working from home, it could result in auditors engaging in reduced audit quality (RAQ) behavior and negatively impact overall audit quality. Working from home to this extent is a new phenomenon, and thus, there is a need to further research the effects on auditors. In this thesis, the factors influencing RAQ behavior are theorized based on the Job Demand-Control-Support (JDCS) model. This thesis examines how auditors with high home demands perceive time pressure, workload, and work-life balance to be affected when working from home and how it affects their propensity to engage in RAQ behavior. Furthermore, this thesis aims to examine if there are gender differences in auditors’ perceptions regarding these factors. In this thesis, high home demands mean having at least one child under the age of twelve. Data was collected using a qualitative method and conducting 14 interviews on how the auditors perceive the factors influencing RAQ behavior have been affected while working from home. The result of the thesis indicates that the propensity of auditors engaging in RAQ behavior is decreased when auditors with high home demands are working from home. Also, the results indicate that both male and female auditors with high home demands enjoy working from home and that there has been a decreased propensity to engage in RAQ behavior. This thesis highlights how the propensity of auditors with high home demands engaging in RAQ can be reduced, contributing to overall higher audit quality.
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林佩萱. "The Influence of High Housing Prices on Home Buying and Childbearing Behaviors– An Investigation of Family Resources, Demands, and Preferences." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5ufpd5.
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Chih-Hui, Chou, and 周治蕙. "A Study of Home Health Care for High-risk Infants and Toddlers with Medical Demand after Discharge from Hospitals." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00249257814632683188.
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博士國立臺灣師範大學
特殊教育學系
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This research is a case study. By taking the “Taipei City Hospital Women and Children Home Care Institution” ( Fuyou Home Care Institution ) as an example to understand the supply and demand of home care for high-risk infants and toddlers with medical needs after discharge from hospitals, and to explore what can be done for them in the future. The data collection mainly adopt individual interviews and focus group interviews, and utilize telephone interviews, seminars, participant observation, and archival document review as supplements. Individual interviews were conducted with mothers of high-risk infants and toddlers as well as pediatric nursing staffs. Focus group interviews were conducted with nursing administration staffs from Fuyou Home Care Institution. Telephone interviews were conducted with home-based early childhood teachers of the early intervention in Taipei City. Result: the Fuyou Home Care Institution was established in December, 2009 to offer home care service for people who need and live in Taipei City and Taipei County. In the beginning, the main service targets are very low or extremely low birth weight premature babies and congenital abnormality, rare diseases babies born in the Branch for Women & Children of Taipei City Hospital. In past, the primary nurses of these kids always make discharge plan for them. By encouraging and teaching their main caregivers to learn some special techniques which these kids need at home (such as utilize oxygen, suction machine, nasal feeding etc.), the primary nurses prepare these caregivers to take over the care tasks. But, the shift between hospital-based care by professionals to home care by families require home care services to tailor. By assessing their residence environment and health condition after discharge, offering some advises and assistance, home care nurses’ transition service can help these families to take over the care tasks and diminish the chances of readmission. The researcher suggest that the government should make a policy to provide home health care for children to early detect high-risk population and offer early intervention. For mothers of 0-3 years high-risk infants and toddlers, the researcher suggest them breast-feed their children for at least 6 months, avoid taking their children to public places, and actively participate in early intervention activities.
Books on the topic "High home demands"
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Audit Commission for Local Authorities and the National Health Service in England and Wales., ed. Building more affordable homes: Improving the delivery of affordable housing in areas of high demand : report. London: Stationery Office, 2005.
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Cartelli, Thomas. High-Tech Shakespeare in a Mediatized Globe. Edited by James C. Bulman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199687169.013.9.
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Abstract In successive single-set productions of Coriolanus, Julius Caesar, and Antony and Cleopatra, Ivo van Hove’s Roman Tragedies transforms the stage into a high-tech version of Shakespeare’s Globe, mimicking how global media stage political debates and generate the simulacrum of war and social conflict. Mixing live actors with video projections displayed on monitors spaced on and above the stage, van Hove encourages spectators to move from one viewing space to another, to order drinks, check email, or tweet on desktop computers. Extending Shakespeare’s ‘all the world’s a stage’ conceit to a world connected by ‘clouds’ of information transported on viewless wings and deposited in airy drop boxes, van Hove’s stage is everywhere and nowhere at once. But in replicating the aesthetic design of global media, while suppressing the populist components of Coriolanus and Julius Caesar, van Hove arguably extends only the illusion of emancipation to spectators ‘immersed’ in competing demands on their attention.
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Building More Affordable Homes: Improving the Delivery of Affordable Housing in Areas of High Demand. Stationery Office, 2005.
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Heinrich, Adam R. Historical zooarchaeology of colonialism, mercantilism, and indigenous dispossession. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.32.
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The investigation of the Dutch East India Company’s (VOC) meat industry that was emplaced at the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa reveals information about livestock production, slaughter, and consumption at the colonial entrepot in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The investigation consisted of five faunal samples including three sites from the Castle of Good Hope; the Moat, the Granary (F2), and Donkergat (DKG); Elsenburg; and the Dump (DP) from Oudespost I. The archaeological faunal remains speak to transplanted and hybridized European husbandry practices as the VOC struggled to overcome initial hardships of meeting high meat demands to become the dominant power across the landscape while dispossessing the indigenous Khoekhoe peoples of their livestock, land, and identity.
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Meier, Dennis, Jan Seidel, Marty Gregg, and Ramamoorthy Ramesh. Domain Walls. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862499.001.0001.
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Technological evolution and revolution are both driven by the discovery of new functionalities, new materials and the design of yet smaller, faster, and more energy-efficient components. Progress is being made at a breathtaking pace, stimulated by the rapidly growing demand for more powerful and readily available information technology. High-speed internet and data-streaming, home automation, tablets and smartphones are now ‘necessities’ for our everyday lives. Consumer expectations for progressively more data storage and exchange appear to be insatiable. In this context, ferroic domain walls have attracted recent attention as a completely new type of oxide interface. In addition to their functional properties, such walls are spatially mobile and can be created, moved, and erased on demand. This unique degree of flexibility enables domain walls to take an active role in future devices and hold a great potential as multifunctional 2D systems for nanoelectronics. With domain walls as reconfigurable electronic 2D components, a new generation of adaptive nano-technology and flexible circuitry becomes possible, that can be altered and upgraded throughout the lifetime of the device. Thus, what started out as fundamental research, at the limit of accessibility, is finally maturing into a promising concept for next-generation technology.
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Cynthia, Roberts, Leslie Armijo, and Saori Katada. Motives for BRICS Collaboration. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190697518.003.0004.
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This chapter explores the distinct mix of motives within each country’s foreign policy goals that has impelled cooperation among the five BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). For China, the BRICS club allows it to express its leaders’ aversion to Western high-handedness and policy demands while exerting leadership in a less-threatening fashion. Russia prioritizes resistance to financial sanctions and Western dominance while aiming to translate the BRICS’ cooperation into greater regional and global influence. India hopes to amplify its voice in global governance and to expand choices of international partners through the BRICS. Brazil’s left-leaning governments hope to emphasize South-South diplomacy to please their domestic political supporters. In South Africa, China’s expected support and investment for Africa’s growth tops the list. The non-China BRICS all see China as the most important member of the group, and tying China to their economic and club interests has been a critical element of the BRICS’ collective financial statecraft.
Book chapters on the topic "High home demands"
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Erdoğan, Armağan, and M. Murat Erdoğan. "Syrian University Students in Turkish Higher Education: Immediate Vulnerabilities, Future Challenges for the European Higher Education Area." In European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade, 229–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56316-5_16.
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Abstract Since 2011, millions of Syrian people have had to leave their country and seek shelter in neighbouring countries and in Europe. Forced migration or displacement creates multiple vulnerabilities while trying to settle in a new environment. Socioeconomic, cultural and psychological vulnerabilities hinder them from participating actively in society. Higher education is one of the main ways that refugees and displaced people cling to hope for a better life. Their access to and participation in higher education has been a challenging route for many reasons both for themselves and also for the higher education systems and universities in their host countries. Turkey has a unique place in regard to Syrian refugees. It hosts the largest refugee population in the world with 3.6 million Syrians and 500,000 asylum seekers from other countries, such as Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Turkey has a young population with the 5–17 age group comprising 21% of the population, but the Syrian population is much younger as its rate is 30%. Turkey is also the country with the largest student population in the European Higher Education Area. The incomparable magnitude of the situation, among others, plays a crucial role in developing new integration policies. In spite of the ongoing difficulties and challenges, the past nine years proved a success story in protection, social cohesion and integration of these newcomers. Turkey has been suffering from some challenges, such as a supply and demand imbalance in higher education. Demographic factors, shortcomings of the higher education system and the unemployment rate among university graduates have been some long-term challenges for Turkish higher education. Moreover, a common misconception in public opinion, that Syrian refugees are admitted to Turkish universities without fulfilling the requirements, adds new challenges for future policies. Both the sheer number of migrants and also the emergency of the situation during this migration flow necessitated some action to be taken in the area of higher education. In a country like Turkey, where there is high competition between students to pass the nationwide university selection exam each year, encouraging Syrian students to access higher education seems to be an area for discussion. This paper is based on the fieldwork of research conducted in the context of the Hopes-MADAD project entitled “Elite Dialogue II- Dialogue with Syrian Refugees in Turkey through Syrian Academics and Students” in 2019. The main research subject is which types of vulnerabilities Syrian university students face, and how they can integrate into society in Turkey. New approaches and definitions are needed to touch the actual needs of the refugees to be actively involved into society. Nevertheless, research on the higher education practices of vulnerable groups in general, and of Syrian students in particular, is largely missing.
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Schweid, Richard. "Home Care for Sale." In The Caring Class, 48–76. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501754104.003.0004.
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This chapter begins by assessing the psychological and emotional demands of home care work. It then explains how home care, like other aspects of health care in the United States, is a marketplace commodity. Because need is so great, this commodification of home health care has proved tremendously profitable to the agencies serving as middlemen. In theory, these agencies impose a certain quality control, carefully screening and training the aides they send out to work. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. Those agencies that work on a strictly private-pay basis and do not accept Medicaid clients are not subject to the federal regulations and are not legally required to provide aides with any training whatsoever. Moreover, the high cost of using agencies has generated a vast gray market for aides who work freelance and privately, without working for an agency or under any supervision other than that of the client and the client's family.
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Hillard, Michael G. "Fear and Loathing on the Low and High Roads." In Shredding Paper, 165–79. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501753152.003.0007.
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This chapter deals with the national and international competition that was eroding companies' pricing power and market shares by the mid-1980s. It talks about workers in a mature industrial state like Maine who were expected to see their paper industry jobs disappear as production moved overseas and work was automated at home and abroad. It also discusses how the national companies that owned Maine's mills made radical demands on workers and attacked traditional union contracts outright. The chapter cites that Boise Cascade and International Paper Company (IP) provoked strikes by making extreme, untenable demands on workers in their Rumford and Jay, Maine, mills in 1986 and 1987. It probes the union-busting campaigns conducted by Boise Cascade and IP that defined what economists call the low road, which clobbered workers in the quest to quickly raise profits.
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Rajesh, M., Sindhu P. Nair, and JalajaKumari V T. "Integrating Digital Learning Management System (LMS) Into Institutional Policies on Open Education in India for the Attainment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)." In Optimizing Open and Distance Learning in Higher Education Institutions, 292–312. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2624-7.ch014.
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India is home to millions of potential learners at various levels. The current educational system and its infrastructure is bursting at its seams due to the bourgeoning pressure of demands on it. Open education is often touted as the way out of this immense demand generated pressure. However, the slow assimilation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) stays put on such expectations. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) formulated by the UN lays down the road map for making the world a better place to dwell in all aspects of human existence. Education lies at the heart of attaining the goal of sustainable development. The limitations imposed by time, place and other barriers can be effectively met only by the infusion of new technology into open education systems, in countries like India. The substantial internet penetration in India gives it a unique advantage to affect a massive technology driven growth in high quality education.
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Manning, Jane. "JOE CUTLER (b. 1968)Bands (2008)." In Vocal Repertoire for the Twenty-First Century, Volume 2, 51–53. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199390960.003.0017.
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This chapter addresses British composer Joe Cutler’s Bands (2008). This touching, insightful piece, deceptively simple, demands immense concentration and empathy. The text, by the composer’s father Richard Cutler, is a moving encapsulation of the traumatic experiences faced by child evacuees during the Second World War, as they left home and parents and boarded trains for unfamiliar places. With immense skill and daring, the composer strips his material to the bone with a pared-down, static harmonic base and stark, repetitive vocal lines to convey graphically the desolation and numbed emotions of the departing children. Rhythmic fluidity is provided by the interplay between irregular patterns in the piano’s left hand punctuated by percussive right-hand acciaccaturas, while the singer maintains a steady quarter-note pulse through syncopations and tied notes. In view of the plethora of high Gs, some prolonged, a tenor would perhaps be most comfortable, although a very light baritone with a secure high range could sound suitably disembodied.
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Devellennes, Charles. "A Renewal of the Social Contract." In The Gilets Jaunes and the New Social Contract, 113–32. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529212204.003.0007.
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This chapter provides a reflection on the new social contract, taking Diderot as dialectician of change, and offer ways to think about the future of the tradition. It shows that such a model is possible. A new social contract will take into account the need for liberty, democracy and economic justice. Most working class people have finished high school and been awarded a Baccalauréat, and many are home-owners of one of the millions of bungalows built throughout peripheral France. Yet their ability to secure economic independence, a promise of the Enlightenment, has not materialized. Many are worse off than their parents, and those without family assistance are extremely exposed to the ebb and flow of macro-economic trends such as global slowdown and recession. A social contract of the future has to address these needs that were posited as the sine qua non condition for social advancement more than two centuries ago. The revolt of the gilets jaunes against rent-seeking economic actors, such as landlords, motorway management companies, insurance and mortgage companies, and utilities, is testament to the economic plight that needs redressing. Although the gilets jaunes have failed to organize themselves politically in the traditional sense, they have provided one of the strongest political challenges to the very existence of the French state as it currently stands. It is this new form of politics, which does not go through political parties but demands social and economic justice directly, that is at the centre of the new social contract they demand.
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Meen, Geoffrey, and Christine Whitehead. "Influences on Household Formation and Tenure." In Understanding Affordability, 57–76. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529211863.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 concentrates on new household formation and the tenure choices of younger age groups. Not only have the young experienced lower rates of home ownership than previous generations, but they are more likely to remain with parents for longer or share with those in a similar position. The UK is not alone and many other countries have experienced similar trends. Since younger households are now more likely to rent privately for longer, the chapter discusses whether this represents a change in preferences – renting is more flexible – or whether young households are constrained from entering home ownership by high housing costs, credit constraints, job insecurity, competition from the Buy to Let market, demand from older households and from those wanting second homes.
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Rennie, Jennifer. "Rethinking Literacy in Culturally Diverse Classrooms." In Multiliteracies and Technology Enhanced Education, 83–99. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-673-0.ch006.
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Literate demands on our youth today have become increasingly more complex due to a technological revolution, increased local diversity and a stronger connectedness with our global neighbours (New London Group, 1996). Contemporary classrooms are characterised by a diverse range of learners that come from different places, with different life world experiences and preferred ways of learning and knowing. Texts are no longer confined to print and comprehending texts involves understanding how different modes such as the audio, visual and spatial integrate to make meaning. Despite this, schools continue to measure and describe student’s literacy in relation to their ability to encode and decode print. The recent Program for International Student Assessment results (OECD, 2006) show that Australia has dropped from 5th ranking to 6th in the world in terms of reading literacy. More disturbing is the fact that this assessment showed a continuing widening gap in academic achievement between Australia’s Indigenous and non Indigenous students with very little improvement since 2000. Similarly in the United States recent literacy results show that despite some gains in the achievements of minority groups, there has been little narrowing in the gap between white students and minority students (Lee, Grigg et al., 2007). This chapter adopts a socio-cultural view of literacy and calls for a rethinking of what might count as literacy in school. It reports on a study which documented the literacy practices valued in the home community, community school and urban high school of seven Aboriginal students as they moved from Year 7 in their community school to Year 8 in their new urban high school (Rennie, Wallace et al. 2004). It discusses theoretical ideas related to a multiliteracies framework (Cope & Kalantzis, 2000), literacy as an act of translation (Somerville, 2006) and Aboriginal world views and knowledge (Martin, 2008) as a means to explore ways we might rethink the teaching of literacy in diverse and culturally rich classrooms.
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Hentea, Mariana. "Multimedia Databases." In Encyclopedia of Database Technologies and Applications, 390–94. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-560-3.ch066.
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The Internet and technologies such as high-capacity storage devices, broadband telecommunications systems, and multimedia development software systems have accelerated the development of new applications based on the use of multimedia database systems. A multimedia database is a repository of different data objects (text, numeric values, Boolean values, dates, graphical images, video clips, and sound files). Examples of applications based on multimedia databases include news and stock market information on demand; movies on demand; home shopping; medical systems; trademark, patent, and copyright databases; geographic information systems (GIS); weather forecasting; Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems; architectural design; fabric and fashion design; interior design; photographic libraries; art gallery and museum management; law enforcement; criminal investigations; military reconnaissance and surveillance; scientific experiments; and educational systems.
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Hentea, Mariana. "Multimedia Databases." In Multimedia Technologies, 216–22. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-953-3.ch017.
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The Internet and technologies such as high-capacity storage devices, broadband telecommunications systems, and multimedia development software systems have accelerated the development of new applications based on the use of multimedia database systems. A multimedia database is a repository of different data objects (text, numeric values, Boolean values, dates, graphical images, video clips, and sound files). Examples of applications based on multimedia databases include news and stock market information on demand; movies on demand; home shopping; medical systems; trademark, patent, and copyright databases; geographic information systems (GIS); weather forecasting; Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems; architectural design; fabric and fashion design; interior design; photographic libraries; art gallery and museum management; law enforcement; criminal investigations; military reconnaissance and surveillance; scientific experiments; and educational systems
Conference papers on the topic "High home demands"
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Janko, Samantha A., Brandon T. Gorman, Uday P. Singh, and Nathan G. Johnson. "High Penetration Residential Solar Photovoltaics and the Effects of Dust Storms on System Net Load." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-48030.
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Residential solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are becoming increasingly common around the world. Much of this growth is attributed to a decreasing cost of solar PV modules, reduction in the cost of installation and other “soft costs,” along with net-metering, financial incentives, and the growing societal interest in low-carbon energy. Yet this steep rise in distributed, uncontrolled solar PV capacity is being met with growing concern in maintaining electric grid stability when solar PV reaches higher penetration levels. Rapid reductions in solar PV output create an immediate and direct rise in the net system load. Demand response and storage technologies can offset these fluctuations in the net system load, but their potential has yet to be realized through wide-scale commercial dissemination. In the interim these fluctuations will continue to cause technical and economic challenges to the utility and the end-user. Late-afternoon peak demands are of particular concern as solar PV drops off and household demand rises as residents return home. Transient environmental factors such as clouding, rain, and dust storms pose additional uncertainties and challenges. This study analyzes such complex cases by simulating residential loads, rooftop solar PV output, and dust storm effects on solar PV output to examine transients in the net system load. The Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area is used as a case study that experiences dust storms several times per year. A dust storm is simulated progressing over the Phoenix metro in various directions and intensities. Various solar PV penetration rates are also simulated to allow insight into resulting net loads as PV penetration grows in future years.
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Stadler, Michael, Julien Grilliat, Wolfgang Laufer, and Michael B. Schmitz. "Aeroacoustic Optimization of Radial Fans for Medical Applications." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-57234.
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In recent years there is a growing number of patients suffering from pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma. In these situations, the application of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (commonly known as CPAP) is indicated by clinicians. It is a noninvasive means of healthcare used widely. As a more advanced technique, the positive airway pressure may follow a time-cycled change between two preset pressure values. This technique is known as BPAP (Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure). The devices are used mainly during sleep at home. Hence the aeroacoustic requirements are critical. In addition the devices must be portable and compact. Furthermore, the high frequency of pressure change required in BPAP devices poses additional demands on the design. Due to the complexity of the overall design problem, it may be solved efficiently by multi objective optimization. The pressure head in these devices is generated by radial fans. For the aerodynamic optimization, we utilize a RANS solver. For the aeroacoustic optimization we use the Lattice-Boltzmann Method (LBM). Both are operating on a parametric geometric model of the fan and housing. For the propagation of sound waves into the far-field, we develop algorithmic strategies for using the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) equation with the LBM. The constrained multi objective optimization is driven by a variant of the NSGA-II algorithm. We outline the complete optimization procedure for a BPAP device. Our numerical results are compared with physical tests. To analyze the contribution of selected geometric features to the emitted sound pressure, we perform a sensitivity study. The new algorithmic arrangement has shown to drastically cut development costs and time.
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BERNAL, EFRAIN, JIAN XIE, and MUSTAFA SUSLU. "Demand Response for Smart Home An Evaluation from an End Users Perspective Based on a High Resolution Power Demand Model." In Second International Conference on Advances in Mechanical and Automation Engineering - MAE 2015. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-045-3-143.
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Mallick, Nayeem Hasan, and Md Hasan Maruf. "Analysis of power demand response for smart home in Germany from end-user's perspective based on high resolution power demand model." In 2016 3rd International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information Communication Technology (ICEEICT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceeict.2016.7873071.
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Alzate, Efrain Bernal, Nayeem H. Mallick, and Jian Xie. "A high-resolution smart home power demand model and future impact on load profile in Germany." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pecon.2014.7062413.
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Rhodes, Joshua D., Kazunori Nagasawa, Charles Upshaw, and Michael E. Webber. "The Role of Small Distributed Natural Gas Fuel Cell Technologies in the Smart Energy Grid." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91195.
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As the utility grid evolves to transmit information along with energy and water to the end-user, the traditional grid model is changing. The Pecan Street Smart Grid Demonstration Project in Austin, TX is at the leading edge of the evolution of the smart grid. Currently, over 100 homes, soon to be 1,000, have electricity demand information being measured on a 15 second interval. Using the highly granular energy use and solar generation data from Pecan Street, we attempt to estimate the potential for small natural gas fuel cells as distributed firming power for intermittent renewables in the built environment. Micro-grids have traditionally relied on the macro-grid for stabilization in the event of local interruptions in generation. In this paper we analyze the utility, economic, and system efficiency impacts of small distributed natural gas fuel cells as an alternative to the macro-grid for stabilization. Using our unique dataset, we have determined that the average home could utilize a 5.5 kW fuel cell either for total generation or backup, and the average home could operate as its own micro-grid while not sacrificing core functionality. We also explore the utility of matching the thermal output of a possibly smaller fuel cell, used in combined heat and power mode (CHP), to an absorption refrigeration system in place of traditional space cooling. With these types of energy assets, homes could possibly participate with local electricity markets, or the grid at large, in a highly dynamic way. A home energy network could, given homeowner set-points, adjust home uses of energy and sell high priced electricity back to the grid, possibly from both solar PV and fuel cell production, possibly eliminating energy bills. Lastly, we estimate that the system efficiency could possibly double by transporting natural gas to the end user to be converted into electricity and hot water as compared with traditional methods of using natural gas for power generation followed by electricity delivery.
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Zhang, Fan, Ming Liu, Yong-Yi Wang, Zhifeng Yu, and Lei Tong. "Strain Demand in Areas of Mine Subsidence." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90641.
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Mine subsidence is one of the major ground movement hazards for buried pipelines in regions of completed and ongoing mining activities. The strain demand under mine subsidence is evaluated for candidate pipes to be used in the construction of large-diameter and high-pressure long distance pipelines in China. Two typical subsidence forms were discussed. 1. One form is the sag/trough subsidence with large subsidence depth and area but continuous boundaries. The pipeline remains in the soil after the subsidence. 2. The other form is the pit subsidence with small subsidence depth and area but more severe discontinuous boundaries. The pipeline may be suspended above the ground surface in the subsidence hole after the subsidence. For purposes of this research, the strain demand analysis was conducted with the commercial finite element analysis package ABAQUS®. The PIPE and ELBOW elements were selected to simulate the pipeline and the ASCE spring model was selected to determine the interaction between the pipeline and surrounding soil. The general consideration of the loads on pipeline in subsidence analysis is described. The results show that the pipeline experiences the most severe deformation during the discontinuous pit subsidence. The strain demands are compared with the pipe strain capacity in a companion paper to investigate the integrity of the pipeline.
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Salazar, Pablo Tagle, and Jorge Duque-Rivera. "Pre-Feasibility Analysis of a Wind-Solar-Diesel Electricity Generation System for a Remote Island Community in the Gulf of Guayaquil in Ecuador." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90446.
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Reliable energy provision to poor island communities is a challenging problem, particularly in developing countries. This paper presents a pre-feasibility analysis of a wind-solar-diesel electricity generation system to satisfy residential demand in a small, poor island community located in the Gulf of Guayaquil in Ecuador, using HOMER as an analysis tool. The community currently has unreliable diesel generated electricity that energizes homes and street lights, but wishes to replace it with renewable sources as they see that these sources are more aligned with their intention to move into sustainable tourism as a source of income. Relevant meteorological data is lacking and there is only anecdotal evidence that wind is strong in summer time nights at the site. Data for solar irradiance and wind speed were taken from a meteorological station located in Guayaquil, a city relatively close to the island. Wind speed was estimated during a field visit. The community is composed of 85 households for a total of 650 people. Domestic demand data was available and categorized into two types of households. HOMER was used to model four generation system types combining wind turbines, PV panels and Diesel generators to satisfy five different demand models with varying proportions of total households of each type. Selection of the best system is based in both energy and cost optimization, with low use of diesel and low excess of electricity. A sensitivity analysis of the wind and solar resources is included to account for the unavailability of reliable data for wind speed and solar irradiance. The expansion of the system due to population and ensuing demand growth is considered in the analysis using a 25 years project lifetime. The results show that there is potential to install a wind-solar-diesel system under medium-high weather conditions (more than 4 kWh/m2d for solar irradiance and 3.5m/s for wind speed). As a sample, at a 4.5kWh/m2d solar irradiance and 4.6m/s wind speed, a wind-solar-diesel system presents a total NPV of $1,616,615 and a LCOE of $0.23 per kWh, with a diesel reduction use of 81.8% and a excess energy percentage of 3.44%.
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Wang, Shuoyu, Ahmed Abdulridha, Spencer Quiel, Clay Naito, Muhannad Sulieman, Justin Caspar, Julio Bravo, et al. "Mechanical Performance of Concrete Thermal Energy Storage Subject to Operating Thermal Demands." In ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2020-8976.
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Abstract This paper presents a lab-scale investigation of the use of structural concrete for sensible heat storage in power plants. Transient thermal and mechanical analyses are simulated via coupled finite element models to study the thermo-mechanical performance of a cylindrical concrete block with 4-in diameter and 8-in length under thermal loading. The model is validated by performing experiments on high strength concrete (HSC) cylinders with this geometry in an oven, which heats the specimens from the outside. The models are then modified to simulate thermal energy storage (TES) application with thermal loading applied at the interior surface of a hole running through the longitudinal center of the cylinder. Thermal cycles have a varying heating rate (5, 10, or 24 hours) followed by consistent durations of soaking (2 hours) and cooling (13 hours). In the TES simulations, a steel jacket is also applied to the external surface of the concrete cylinder to provide confinement. The resulting thermal distribution and maximum principal stresses during heating and cooling are observed as a function of time. This study provides insight into the mechanical requirements and impact on material integrity for concrete modules subjected to representative TES heating regimes.
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Mitsumoto, Yuta, Norihiro Kose, and Tsuguhiko Nakagawa. "High Rate Interactive Energy System Through the Use of PV and EV." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98137.
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After the Great East Japan Earthquake disaster, it was necessary to build a new energy system that would enable us to be less dependent on nuclear power, as well as reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To accomplish this, it is necessary to consider a new method of energy supply and consumption combined with the promotion of energy conservation and the increased use of natural energy. One example, called “Smart Community”, has attracted attention. It optimizes a balance between energy supply and demand, and utilizing energy efficiently. The “Smart Community” is envisioned as different from the conventional one-way power system currently supplied by electric and fuel companies. In this study, the authors investigate a way to efficiently use photovoltaic (PV) power in an interactive energy system. In the system, PV power is used in homes and factories as an energy source, and in electric vehicles (EV) for transportation and energy storage. The system is a two-way system, and it is important for users to determine which supply and demand method they want. For example, if you choose to include PV power in your electrical power system, there will be the problem of increased DC-AC conversion energy loss. This is due to the re-conversion of AC-DC after DC-AC conversion. In addition, the cost will increase. In order to solve this problem, the authors propose an efficient installation location and space for PV, and an optimized battery capacity for EV with energy consumption. The authors also propose a way to cut down the DC-AC conversion loss. As a result, the system achieved a 30% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions in homes, and reduced costs. In addition, with the increased use of PV, the system also equalized electric-load. The authors also found that the new system improved PV power rate to 90%.
Reports on the topic "High home demands"
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Fuller, Merrian C. Driving Demand for Home Energy Improvements: Motivating residential customers to invest in comprehensive upgrades that eliminate energy waste, avoid high utility bills, and spur the economy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/989852.
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Wiener, Joshua M., Mary E. Knowles, and Erin E. White. Financing Long-Term Services and Supports: Continuity and Change. RTI Press, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0042.1709.
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This article provides an overview of financing for long-term services and supports (LTSS) in the United States, paying special attention to how it has changed and not changed over the last 30 years. Although LTSS expenditures have increased greatly (like the rest of health care), the broad outline of the financing system has remained remarkably constant. Medicaid—a means-tested program—continues to dominate LTSS financing, while private long-term care insurance plays a minor role. High out-of-pocket costs and spend-down to Medicaid because of those high costs continue to be hallmarks of the system. Although many major LTSS financing reform proposals were introduced over this period, none was enacted—except the Community Living Assistance Services and Supports Act, which was repealed before implementation because of concerns about adverse selection. The one major change during this time period has been the very large increase in Medicare spending for post-acute services, such as short-term skilled nursing facility and home health care. With the aging of the population, demand for LTSS is likely to increase, placing strain on the existing system.
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Doo, Johnny. Unsettled Issues Concerning eVTOL for Rapid-response, On-demand Firefighting. SAE International, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021017.
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Recent advancements of electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft have generated significant interest within and beyond the traditional aviation industry, and many novel applications have been identified and are in development. One promising application for these innovative systems is in firefighting, with eVTOL aircraft complementing current firefighting capabilities to help save lives and reduce fire-induced damages. With increased global occurrences and scales of wildfires—not to mention the issues firefighters face during urban and rural firefighting operations daily—eVTOL technology could offer timely, on-demand, and potentially cost-effective aerial mobility capabilities to counter these challenges. Early detection and suppression of wildfires could prevent many fires from becoming large-scale disasters. eVTOL aircraft may not have the capacity of larger aerial assets for firefighting, but targeted suppression, potentially in swarm operations, could be valuable. Most importantly, on-demand aerial extraction of firefighters can be a crucial benefit during wildfire control operations. Aerial firefighter dispatch from local fire stations or vertiports can result in more effective operations, and targeted aerial fire suppression and civilian extraction from high-rise buildings could enhance capabilities significantly. There are some challenges that need to be addressed before the identified capabilities and benefits are realized at scale, including the development of firefighting-specific eVTOL vehicles; sense and avoid capabilities in complex, smoke-inhibited environments; autonomous and remote operating capabilities; charging system compatibility and availability; operator and controller training; dynamic airspace management; and vehicle/fleet logistics and support. Acceptance from both the first-responder community and the general public is also critical for the successful implementation of these new capabilities. The purpose of this report is to identify the benefits and challenges of implementation, as well as some of the potential solutions. Based on the rapid development progress of eVTOL aircraft and infrastructures with proactive community engagement, it is envisioned that these challenges can be addressed soon. NOTE: SAE EDGE™ Research Reports are intended to identify and illuminate key issues in emerging, but still unsettled, technologies of interest to the mobility industry. The goal of SAE EDGE™ Research Reports is to stimulate discussion and work in the hope of promoting and speeding resolution of identified issues. These reports are not intended to resolve the challenges they identify or close any topic to further scrutiny.
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Niles, John S., and J. M. Pogodzinski. Steps to Supplement Park-and-Ride Public Transit Access with Ride-and-Ride Shuttles. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1950.
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Public transit ridership in California declined in the five years before the pandemic of 2020–21 and dropped significantly further after the pandemic began. A sharp downward step in the level of transit boarding occurred after February 2020, and continues to the date of this report as a result of the public-health guidance on social distancing, expanded work-at-home, and a travel mode shift from public transit to private cars. A critical issue has come to the foreground of public transportation policy, namely, how to increase the quality and geographic reach of transit service to better serve the essential trips of mobility disadvantaged citizens who do not have access to private vehicle travel. The research focus of this report is an examination of the circumstances where fixed route bus route service could cost-effectively be replaced by on-demand microtransit, with equivalent overall zone-level efficiency and a higher quality of complete trip service. Research methods were reviews of documented agency experience, execution of simple simulations, and sketch-level analysis of 2019 performance reported in the National Transit Database. Available evidence is encouraging and suggestive, but not conclusive. The research found that substitutions of flexible microtransit for fixed route buses are already being piloted across the U.S., with promising performance results. The findings imply that action steps could be taken in California to expand and refine an emphasis on general purpose microtransit in corridors and zones with a relatively high fraction of potential travelers who are mobility disadvantaged, and where traditional bus routes are capturing fewer than 15 boardings per vehicle hour. To be sufficiently productive as fixed route replacements, microtransit service technologies in the same or larger zones need to be capable of achieving vehicle boardings of five per hour, a challenge worth addressing with technology applications. Delivery of microtransit service can be undertaken through contracts with a growing set of private sector firms, which are developing processes to merge general purpose customers with those now assigned to ADA-required paratransit and Medi-Cal-supported non-emergency medical transport.