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Academic literature on the topic 'High grade gliomas'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "High grade gliomas"

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Chaudhary, Reeta, Nishi Tandon, Andleeb Zehra, Jyoti Jaiswal, Nirupma Lal, and Bandhul Tiwari. "HIGH GRADE GLIOMA IN A 2 1/2 YEAR OLD: A CASE REPORT." Era's Journal of Medical Research 9, no. 1 (June 2022): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24041/ejmr2022.18.

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Gliomas are the tumor of glial cells found in Central nervous System. High Grade Gliomas are rare in pediatric age group. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination. A 2 ½ year old male admitted with the complaint of abnormal tonic-clonic body movements along with headache, nausea, vomiting and fever. CT scan showed a poorly circumscribed hypodense lesion involving frontoparietal region. Surgery was performed and specimen sent for histopathological examination. Histopathological examination showed mfeatures of high grade glioma like microvascular proliferation, necrosis and haemorrhage. Cerebral tumors are the most common childhood neoplastic tumors. Gliomas are generally classified into low grade glioma and high grade glioma. High Grade glioma is rare in pediatric age group. Most commonly they present in supra tentorial compartment. The most common cerebral cortex involved are frontal lobe followed by parietal and temporal. Clinical signs and symptoms of High grade gliomas are seizure, headache, nausea, vomiting and visual disturbances. CT scan showed a poorly circumscribed hypodense lesion involving left frontoparietal region mainly. Definitive diagnosis of high grade glioma is by histopathological examination. Histopathological examination showed hypercellular heterogeneous tumor lying on a fibrillary background. Areas of microvascular proliferation along with necrosis and haemorrhage are also seen. Surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and local radiotherapy are the present recommendation. High grade gliomas are rare pediatric tumor associated with poor outcome. Surgery was performed due to neurological worsening, which was unsuccessful and patient died. Diagnosis was confirmed on histopathological examination. Poor prognosis and high morbidity even after evolution of treatment, demands further research to improve the prognosis and reduce morbidities.
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Nayak, Lakshmi, and David A. Reardon. "High-grade Gliomas." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 23, no. 6 (December 2017): 1548–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000000554.

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de Groot, John F. "High-grade Gliomas." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 21 (April 2015): 332–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.con.0000464173.58262.d9.

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Leonard, A., J. Wolff, R. Sengupta, J. Marassa, D. Piwnica-Worms, J. Rubin, I. Pollack, et al. "HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS." Neuro-Oncology 14, suppl 1 (June 1, 2012): i56—i68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nos102.

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Haase, Jens. "High-grade gliomas." Surgical Neurology 70, no. 6 (December 2008): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2007.08.008.

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Grau, Stefan. "High-grade gliomas." Lancet Oncology 8, no. 2 (February 2007): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(07)70027-x.

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Nettel, Bárbara, Alma Rosa García, David Gallardo, Gerardo Guinto, Bayron Sandoval, and Iris Angélica Feria-Romero. "High-Grade Gliomas." Contemporary Neurosurgery 40, no. 15 (October 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cne.0000547434.42996.47.

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Theeler, Brett J., and Morris D. Groves. "High-Grade Gliomas." Current Treatment Options in Neurology 13, no. 4 (April 16, 2011): 386–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11940-011-0130-0.

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Nagy, Ádám, Márton Tompa, Zoltán Krabóth, Ferenc Garzuly, Alexandra Maráczi, and Bernadette Kálmán. "Wnt pathway markers in low-grade and high-grade gliomas." Ideggyógyászati szemle 74, no. 9-10 (2021): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18071/isz.74.0349.

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Aberrant activation of the Wnt pathway contributes to differentiation and maintenance of cancer stem cells underlying gliomagenesis. The aim of our research was to determine as to what degrees some Wnt markers are expressed in gliomas of different grades, lineages and molecular subtypes. Nine grade II, 10 grade III and 72 grade IV surgically removed, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded glioma specimens were included. Mutation status of IDH1 codon 132 was defined by immunohistochemistry and pyrosequencing in all tumors. Grade II and III astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors were further tested for the expression of p53 and ATRX by immunohistochemistry, and codeletion of 1p19q by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Expression levels of the non-canonical Wnt5a and Fzd2, and the canonical Wnt3a and beta-catenin Wnt pathway markers were determined by immunohistochemistry, and compared between subgroups stratified according to grade, lineage and the presence or absence of IDH1 R132H/C mutations. In the normal brain – grade II-IV glioma comparisons, a gradual increase was observed for the expressions of Wnt5a, Wnt3a, Fzd2 and beta-catenin. In the astroglial and oligodendroglial lineages of grade II and III gliomas, only the Wnt5a expression was significantly higher in the astroglial subgroup. Stratification according to the IDH1 status resulted in a significant increase of the Wnt3 expression in the wild type grade II-IV gliomas. These data extend previous observations and show a correlation of Wnt pathway activity with glioma grade. Further investigations of the Wnt marker expression regulation according to glioma lineage or IDH gene mutational status are in progress by using more exact molecular approaches.
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Miotto, Eliane C., Aluizio Silva Junior, Clemar Corrêa Silva, Hector Navarro Cabrera, Melissa A. R. Machado, Glaucia R. G. Benute, Mara C. S. Lucia, Milberto Scaff, and Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira. "Cognitive impairments in patients with low grade gliomas and high grade gliomas." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 69, no. 4 (August 2011): 596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2011000500005.

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OBJECTIVE: The relationship between brain tumors and cognitive deficits is well established in the literature. However, studies investigating the cognitive status in low and high-grade gliomas patients are scarce, particularly in patients with average or lower educational level. This study aimed at investigating the cognitive functioning in a sample of patients with low and high-grade gliomas before surgical intervention. METHOD: The low-grade (G1, n=19) and high-grade glioma (G2, n=8) patients underwent a detailed neuropsychological assessment of memory, executive functions, visuo-perceptive and visuo-spatial abilities, intellectual level and language. RESULTS: There was a significant impairment on verbal and visual episodic memory, executive functions including mental flexibility, nominal and categorical verbal fluency and speed of information processing in G2. G1 showed only specific deficits on verbal and visual memory recall, mental flexibility and processing speed. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated different levels of impairments in the executive and memory domains in patients with low and high grade gliomas.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "High grade gliomas"

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Gulati, Sasha. "Surgical Resection of High-Grade Gliomas." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for laboratoriemedisin, barne- og kvinnesykdommer, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-16444.

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Reseksjon av høygradige gliomer Høygradige gliomer er den vanligste formen for primær hjernesvulst. Glioblastomer (Verdens Helseorganisasjon grad IV) og anaplastiske astrocytomer (Verdens Helseorganisasjon grad III) utgjør mellom 70 og 85 % av høygradige gliomer. Høygradige gliomer er assosiert med både høy morbiditet og mortalitet. Nærmest alle pasienter med høygradige gliomer opplever tilbakefall og dør som følge av sykdommen. Til tross for kirurgi, strålebehandling og cellegift, er median overlevelse for pasienter med glioblastom fremdeles under 12 måneder. For pasienter med anaplastisk astrocytom er median overlevelse 2 til 3 år. Høygradige gliomer infiltrerer omkringliggende hjernevev, og hensikten med kirurgi er, foruten å histopatologisk verifisere diagnosen, å fjerne så mye av svulsten som mulig uten å påføre pasienten nye eller økte nevrologiske utfall. I vår avdeling benytter vi et navigasjonssystem under operasjonene som nyttiggjør tredimensjonale preoperative MR-bilder og tredimensjonal ultralydavbildning under operasjonen. Dette navigasjonssystemet gjør at kirurgen til en hver tid kan se posisjonen til sine instrumenter i forhold til hjernen og svulsten. Ved hjelp av funksjonell MR (eller mer presist blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging) og diffusjon tensor traktografi (DTT) kan en henholdsvis kartlegge viktige områder i hjernens grå og hvite substans før operasjonen. Disse undersøkelsene utføres som regel når svulster ligger i nær relasjon til ekstra følsomme områder av hjernen (for eksempel språkområder og viktige områder for bevegelse). Informasjon fra disse undersøkelsene kan også importeres i navigasjonssystemet som benyttes under operasjonen. I de to første studiene i denne avhandlingen ønsket vi å undersøke hvordan funksjonell MR og DTT ble brukt i preoperative vurderinger. Vi evaluerte om funksjonell MR og DTT i kombinasjon med tredimensjonal ultralydavbildning under operasjonen la forholdene til rette for skånsom fjerning av høygradige gliomer beliggende i ekstra følsomme områder av hjernen. I den tredje studien undersøkte vi konsekvensene av kirurgiske komplikasjoner og nevrologiske utfall som følge av kirurgi på glioblastompasienters funksjonsnivå og overlevelse. Videre gjorde vi volumetriske analyser for å beregne hvor mye svulstvev vi klarte å fjerne hos pasienter med primære glioblastomer behandlet i vår avdeling. I den fjerde studien undersøkte vi om det var noen sammenheng mellom overlevelse og fall i selvrapportert livskvalitet kort tid etter kirurgi hos pasienter med glioblastomer. Den femte studien var basert på data fra Kreftregisteret og undersøkte overlevelse og behandling blant eldre pasienter (≥66 år) med glioblastomer over en tyve års periode. Hovedfunnene i denne avhandlingen er: - Kombinasjonen av funksjonell MR, DTT og tredimensjonal ultralydavbildning kan være nyttig når en utfører kirurgisk reseksjon av høygradige gliomer beliggende i ekstra følsomme områder av hjernen. - Pasienter som opplevde komplikasjoner og nevrologiske utfall som følge av kirurgi hadde lavere sannsynlighet for å motta strålebehandling og kjemoterapi. - Tidlig fall i helserelatert livskvalitet etter kirurgi synes å være en sterk og uavhengig negativ prognostisk faktor for pasienter med glioblastom. - Økende alder er en sterk og uavhengig negativ prognostisk faktor for pasienter med glioblastom. Selv om det har vært en intensivering av behandling over tid, har gevinsten i den eldste aldersgruppen vært begrenset. Prognosen for de eldste er fremdeles svært dårlig til tross for multimodal behandling
High-grade gliomas are the most common primary brain tumour. Glioblastomas (World Health Organization Grade IV) and anaplastic astrocytomas (World Health Organization Grade III) account for 70-85% of high-grade gliomas. High-grade gliomas are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Virtually all patients with high-grade glioma will experience recurrence and will eventually die from progressing disease. Despite surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, median survival in patients with glioblastoma still does not exceed 12 months. The median survival for patients with anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) has been reported to be between 2 and 3 years. According to current guidelines, surgery is warranted to establish a histopathologic diagnosis and to achieve safe, maximal, and feasible resection. However, these aggressive tumours cannot be cured and overly aggressive resection is not recommended due to the risk of new neurological deficits. High-grade glioma surgery is a delicate balance between achieving maximal tumour resection and inducing new deficits. In our department a neuronavigation system based on preoperative 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative 3D ultrasound is utilised when resecting high-grade gliomas. Blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) are specialized MRI techniques for imaging eloquent cortices and neural tracts in grey and white matter, respectively. The neuronavigation system allows the integration of BOLD fMRI and DTT data if the tumours are located in eloquent regions. In the two first studies of this thesis we sought to investigate the use of BOLD fMRI and DTT for preoperative assessments and determine whether using these data together with 3D intraoperative ultrasound enabled safe resection of high-grade gliomas situated in eloquent regions. In the third study we wanted to explore the impact of surgical morbidity on functional outcome and survival in GBM patients. Further, we sought to determine extent of tumour resection achieved in a consecutive sample of primary GBM from our own department. In the fourth study we wanted to determine if changes in health related quality of life early after surgery could be a predictor for survival in patients with glioblastoma. The aims of the fifth study were to explore survival and the treatment provided to elderly patients (≥66 years) diagnosed with glioblastoma during a 20-year time period in a population-based cohort using the Norwegian Cancer Registry. This thesis investigated the role of surgical resection in the treatment of high-grade gliomas and the following conclusions can be drawn: - The combination of BOLD fMRI, DTT, and 3D intraoperative ultrasound may facilitate resection of high-grade gliomas harboured in eloquent areas while preserving motor and language function. - Functional neuronavigation combined with intraoperative 3D ultrasound can, in most patients, enable resection of brain lesions with general anaesthesia without jeopardizing neurological function. - Patients with perioperative complications and surgically acquired deficits were less likely to receive adjuvant therapy. - Early deterioration in HRQL after surgery was independently and markedly associated with impaired survival in patients with glioblastoma. - Advancing age remains a very strong and independent negative prognostic factor in glioblastoma. Although there has been an increase in the aggressiveness of treatment provided to elderly with glioblastoma, the gain for the oldest age group seems at best very modest. The prognosis of the oldest age group remains very poor, despite multimodal treatment.
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Mulholland, Paul James. "Genetic aberrations in high-grade astrocytic gliomas." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430754.

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Visani, Michela <1984&gt. "MicroRNAs expression analysis in high grade gliomas." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5525/1/Visani_Michela_tesi.pdf.

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Several biomarkers had been proposed as useful parameters to better define the prognosis or to delineate new target therapy strategies for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. MicroRNAs could represent interesting molecules, for their role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression and for their specific tissue expression. Although many studies have tried to identify a specific microRNAs signature for glioblastoma, by now an exhaustive GBM microRNAs profile is far to be well defined. In this work we set up a real-time qPCR, based on LNA primers, to investigate the expression of 19 microRNAs in brain tumors, focusing our attention on GBMs. MiRNAs expression in 30 GBM paired FFPE-Fresh/Frozen samples was firstly analyzed. The good correlation obtained comparing miRNAs results confirmed the feasibility of performing miRNAs analysis starting from FFPE tissues. This leads to many advantages, as a good disposal of archival tumor and normal brain specimens and the possibility to verify the percentage of tumor cells in the analyzed sample. In the second part we compared 3 non-neoplastic brain references to use as control in miRNAs analysis. Normal adjacent the tumor, epileptic specimens and a commercial total RNA were analyzed for miRNAs expression and results showed that different non-neoplastic controls could lead to important discrepancies in GBM miRNAs profiles. Analyzing 50 FFPE GBMs using all 3 non-neoplastic references, we defined a putative GBM miRNAs signature: mir-10b, miR-21 and miR-27a resulted upregulated, while miR-7, miR-9, miR-26a, miR-31, miR-101, miR-137, miR-222 and miR-330 were downregulated. Comparing miRNAs expression among GBM group and gliomas of grade I, II and III, we obtained 3 miRNAs (miR-10b, mir-34a and miR-101) showing a different regulation status between high grade and low grade gliomas. Intriguingly, miR-10b was upregulated in high grade and significantly downregulated in low grade gliomas, suggesting that could be a candidate for a GBM target therapy.
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Visani, Michela <1984&gt. "MicroRNAs expression analysis in high grade gliomas." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5525/.

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Several biomarkers had been proposed as useful parameters to better define the prognosis or to delineate new target therapy strategies for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. MicroRNAs could represent interesting molecules, for their role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression and for their specific tissue expression. Although many studies have tried to identify a specific microRNAs signature for glioblastoma, by now an exhaustive GBM microRNAs profile is far to be well defined. In this work we set up a real-time qPCR, based on LNA primers, to investigate the expression of 19 microRNAs in brain tumors, focusing our attention on GBMs. MiRNAs expression in 30 GBM paired FFPE-Fresh/Frozen samples was firstly analyzed. The good correlation obtained comparing miRNAs results confirmed the feasibility of performing miRNAs analysis starting from FFPE tissues. This leads to many advantages, as a good disposal of archival tumor and normal brain specimens and the possibility to verify the percentage of tumor cells in the analyzed sample. In the second part we compared 3 non-neoplastic brain references to use as control in miRNAs analysis. Normal adjacent the tumor, epileptic specimens and a commercial total RNA were analyzed for miRNAs expression and results showed that different non-neoplastic controls could lead to important discrepancies in GBM miRNAs profiles. Analyzing 50 FFPE GBMs using all 3 non-neoplastic references, we defined a putative GBM miRNAs signature: mir-10b, miR-21 and miR-27a resulted upregulated, while miR-7, miR-9, miR-26a, miR-31, miR-101, miR-137, miR-222 and miR-330 were downregulated. Comparing miRNAs expression among GBM group and gliomas of grade I, II and III, we obtained 3 miRNAs (miR-10b, mir-34a and miR-101) showing a different regulation status between high grade and low grade gliomas. Intriguingly, miR-10b was upregulated in high grade and significantly downregulated in low grade gliomas, suggesting that could be a candidate for a GBM target therapy.
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ALESSANDRINI, FRANCESCO. "Targeting high grade gliomas in murine preclinical models." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/929621.

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CARENZA, CLAUDIA. "DENDRITIC CELL SUBSETS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/844781.

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Abstract Background and aims. High grade gliomas (HGGs) are aggressive brain tumours characterized by a poor prognosis and the ability to promote an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment that impairs anti-tumor immune responses. Therefore, there is increasing interest in developing new immunotherapeutic approaches, aimed at boosting anti-tumor immune responses in HGG patients. Because HGG has shown the highest susceptibility to dendritic cell (DC) vaccines amongst other human cancers, DC-based immunotherapeutic strategies may be particularly promising in these patients. DCs are antigen presenting cells that have the unique ability to initiate antitumor immune responses, making these cells crucial in cancer immunosurveillance. They are a rare population composed of different subsets that differ each other in origin, immunophenotype and function. The differential role of different DC subsets in HGG, and in particular the subsets specifically recruited into the tumour site and the impact of HGG on the activatory/tolerogenic properties of DCs have been poorly investigated, so far. For these reasons, in this study we performed a deep characterization of circulating and tumour-infiltrating DC subsets, and investigated possible correlations between DC parameters and histopathological and molecular HGG features, patient outcome and response to treatment. To this aim, we used multiparameter flow-cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), which allow complex analyses on high-dimensional data. Materials and methods. In this cross-sectional study we enrolled HGG patients undergoing surgery at their first diagnosis, and we applied an 18-colour flow-cytometry panel that allows the identification of DC-lineage DCs (pDCs, cDC1s, cDC2s) and inflammatory DCs (slanDCs, moDCs), and the characterisation of their activatory/inhibitory state. This panel was applied to DC characterization in the peripheral blood (n=23) and the tumour lesion (n=10) of HGG patients. Twelve whole blood samples obtained from healthy donors (HDs) and 3 healthy brain tissue samples were included as controls. scRNAseq experiments were performed on 7 tumoral samples and 2 healthy brain tissues obtained from HGG patients, by using 10x Genomics technology. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software was used to investigate the pathways and functions differentially activated or inhibited in infiltrating DCs. We also performed a longitudinal study on a second cohort of patients, diagnosed with recurrent HGG and enrolled in different immunotherapeutic early clinical trials (ieCTs), mainly containing immune checkpoint inhibitors (n=17). In these patients, we assessed the count and phenotype of circulating DC subsets before and at different time points after immunotherapy, by using the same 18-colour flow-cytometry panel described above. Multivariate analyses were used to correlate DC parameters with the patient outcome. Results. In the cross-sectional study, we observed by flow-cytometry that the frequency of circulating pDCs, cDC1s, cDC2s and slanDCs was significantly lower in HGG patients than HDs. DC reduction was evident only in patients affected by the most severe form of HGGs (IDHwt IV grade gliomas). The analysis of tissue DCs revealed that DC subsets were absent in healthy brain parenchyma, whereas they infiltrated HGG tumour tissues. In particular all subsets of myeloid DCs (including cDC1s, cDC2s, slanDCs, and moDCs) were observed in the tumours, whereas pDCs were observed only in a few patients. Tumour-infiltrating DCs were markedly reduced in corticosteroid-receiving patients. By performing scRNAseq, we confirmed that DCs were mostly absent in healthy brain parenchyma whereas they were present in tumour samples and could be sub-divided in 2 sub-clusters. By IPA analysis, we observed a functional dichotomy between these clusters, with the largest one being characterised by an impaired/dormancy state, as assessed by the down-regulation of pathways and functions related to pro-inflammatory responses, cell motility and cell interactions, compared with the smallest cluster characterised, on the contrary, by a more active profile. In the longitudinal study performed on relapsed HGG patients enrolled in ieCTs, we observed that patients with a positive clinical response to immunotherapeutic agents, as assessed by an increased overall survival, showed an increase in the number of circulating cDCs. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that different subsets of DCs infiltrate human HGGs, but are mainly characterized by a transcriptomic profile suggestive of a functional impairment. These results provide novel insights into the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms of DC impairment in HGG microenvironment, and pave the way for the development of novel strategies aimed at restoring the ability of DCs to activate cytotoxic anti-tumour immune cells. Our observation in the longitudinal study that an increase of cDCs correlated with a better clinical response to immunotherapy seems to support the relevant role played by DCs in the control of HGG growth. On the other hand, our study also demonstrated that corticosteroid treatment, commonly used in HGG patients for the management of cerebral oedema, reduces the number of tumour-infiltrating DCs. Based on the above considerations, this finding may suggest a negative impact of corticosteroid treatment on anti-tumour immune responses, thus supporting the use of alternative approaches to control this clinical complication. Altogether, our results support and encourage the study of DCs in HGG, in order to improve our knowledge on the role played by DCs within the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment that characterizes this human cancer. To this aim, in the near future we plan to apply new bioinformatic tools to the analysis of single-cell data collected in HGG tumour environment that may be particularly useful for investigating the intricate interactions occurring between DCs and other HGG-infiltrating immune cells or malignant glioma cells.
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Sooman, Linda. "Prognostic Biomarkers and Target Proteins for Treatment of High-grade Gliomas." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för radiologi, onkologi och strålningsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-215079.

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The survival for high-grade glioma patients is poor and the treatment may cause severe side effects. A common obstacle in the treatment is chemoresistance. To improve the quality of life and prolong survival for these patients prognostic biomarkers and new approaches for chemotherapy are needed. To this end, a strategy to evade chemoresistance was evaluated by combining chemotherapeutic drugs with agents inhibiting resistance mechanisms identified by a bioinformatic analysis (paper I). The prognostic value of 13 different proteins was analyzed in this thesis (papers II-IV). Two of them, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6 (PTPN6, also known as SHP1) were analyzed for their potential as targets in combination chemotherapy (in paper III and IV, respectively).   We found that: PTPN6 expression and methylation status may be important for survival of anaplastic glioma patients, p38 MAPK phosphorylation may be a potential negative prognostic biomarker for high-grade glioma patients and FGF2 expression may be a potential negative prognostic biomarker for proneural glioma patients. PTPN6 may be a useful target for combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, melphalan or bortezomib in high-grade gliomas. The following drug combinations; camptothecin combined with an EGFR or RAC1 inhibitor, imatinib combined with a Notch or RAC1 inhibitor, temozolomide combined with an EGFR or FAK inhibitor and vandetanib combined with a p38 MAPK inhibitor may be useful combination chemotherapy for high-grade gliomas.
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Dupont, Clément. "Photodynamic therapies of high-grade gliomas : from theory to clinical perspectives." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL2S034/document.

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Les gliomes sont les tumeurs cérébrales primaires les plus communes chez l’adulte. Parmi eux, le glioblastome (GBM) représente la tumeur cérébrale la plus fréquente avec le pronostic le plus sombre. Son incidence annuelle est d'environ 3 à 5 cas pour 100 000 personnes (environ 3000 nouvelles chaque année en France). La survie médiane varie entre 11 et 13 mois selon la qualité de la résection tumorale.Le standard de soins inclue une résection chirurgicale et est suivie d'une radiothérapie et d'une chimiothérapie. Une résection maximale est souhaitée afin de diminuer les risques de récidive. Bien que l’utilisation de la technique de diagnostic photodynamique peropératoire, appelée résection fluoroguidée (FGR), améliore la qualité de résection, une récidive survient dans ces berges de la cavité opératoire dans 85% des cas.Des thérapies alternatives doivent être développées pour améliorer la survie globale des patients. Dans ce contexte, la thérapie photodynamique (PDT) semble pertinente. La PDT est basée sur la synergie de trois paramètres : une molécule, la photosensibilisateur (PS) qui se concentre préférentiellement dans les cellules tumorales, la lumière laser et l'oxygène. La lumière laser induit une réaction entre le PS et l’oxygène de la cellule. Cette réaction produit des molécules cytotoxiques (dont l'oxygène singulet) et conduit à la mort de cellules tumorales. Deux modalités de traitement sont étudiées : la PDT interstitielle (iPDT) ou la PDT peropératoire.L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de fournir des outils technologiques afin développer la PDT pour le traitement du GBM. Ainsi, les deux modalités de traitement ont été étudiées.Lorsque la résection n'est pas réalisable (environ 20% à 30% des cas), l'iPDT peut être privilégiée. Cette modalité vise à insérer des fibres optiques dans la cible thérapeutique pour éclairer les tissus tumoraux. Ainsi, la simulation de la propagation de la lumière dans les tissus est nécessaire pour planifier la localisation des fibres optiques. Considérée comme méthode de référence, un modèle Monte-Carlo accéléré par processeurs graphiques a été développé. Ce modèle calcule la propagation de la lumière émise par un diffuseur cylindrique dans des milieux hétérogènes. La précision du modèle a été évaluée avec des mesures expérimentales. L'accélération fournie par la parallélisation permet son utilisation dans la routine clinique.L'iPDT doit être planifiée à l'aide d'un système de planification de traitement (TPS). Une preuve de concept d'un TPS dédié au traitement stéréotaxique iPDT du GBM a été développée. Ce logiciel fournit des outils de base pour planifier l'insertion stéréotaxique de diffuseurs cylindriques et calculer la dosimétrie associée. Le recalage stéréotaxique et la précision du calcul dosimétrique ont été évalués avec des méthodologies spécifiques.Lorsque la résection est réalisable, la PDT peropératoire peut être appliquée au début de la FGR. Celle-ci profite de la présence du PS (la protoporphyrine IX) utilisé pour la FGR et qui s’est déjà concentrée dans les cellules tumorales. Ainsi, la stratégie de traitement proposée peut s’inclure facilement au standard de soin. Un dispositif médical a été conçu pour s'adapter à la cavité et éclairer de façon homogène les berges de la cavité opératoire. Le dispositif est constitué de deux parties : un trocart couplé à un ballon gonflable et un guide de fibre optique développé au sein du laboratoire ONCO-THAI permettant d'insérer la source lumineuse. Des méthodologies spécifiques ont été développées pour étalonner et évaluer l'appareil en termes de contrainte mécanique et de dosimétrie. L'étalonnage a permis la création d’une fonction de transfert permettant une prescription de durée de traitement rapide, robuste et facile. De plus, de nombreux tests ont été réalisés en amont de l'essai clinique qui évalue la sécurité de la procédure
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. Among them, glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most frequent primary brain tumor and have the most dismal prognosis. Its annual incidence is about 3 to 5 cases for 100,000 persons (about 3000 news cases each year in France). Median survival varies between 11 to 13 months according the extent of tumor resection.The standard of care includes surgery and is followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Maximal resection is expected to delay recurrence. Despite of using intraoperative photodynamic diagnosis, or fluorescence guided resection (FGR), which improves the extent of resection, relapse still occurs in these resection margins in 85% of cases.Alternatives therapies have to be developed to enhance patients’ overall survival. In this context, Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) seems relevant. PDT is based on the synergy of three parameters: a photosensitizing molecule, the photosensitizer (PS) that concentrates preferentially into the tumor cells, laser light and oxygen. Laser light induces a reaction between the PS and the oxygen of the cell. This reaction produces highly cytotoxic molecules (including singlet oxygen) and leads to death of tumor cells. Two treatment modalities are investigated: interstitial PDT (iPDT) or intraoperative PDT.The main goal of this thesis is to provide technological tools to develop the PDT for GBM treatment. Thus, the two treatment modalities have been investigated.When tumor resection is non-achievable (about 20% to 30% of cases), iPDT may be preferred. This modality aims to insert optical fibers directly into the target to illuminate tumor tissues. Thus, simulation of light propagation in brain tissues is required to plan the location of optical fibers. Considered as reference method, a Monte-Carlo model accelerated by graphics processing unit was developed. This model computes the light propagation emitted by a cylindrical diffusor inside heterogeneous media. Accuracy of the model was evaluated with experimental measurements. The acceleration provided by the parallelization allows its use in clinical routine.The iPDT has to be planned using a Treatment Planning System (TPS). A proof of concept of a TPS dedicated to the stereotactic iPDT treatment of GBM was developed. This software provides basic tools to plan the stereotactic insertion of cylindrical diffusors in patient’s brain and to compute the associated dosimetry. The stereotactic registration and the dosimetry computation’s accuracy were evaluated with specific methodologies.When tumor resection is achievable, the intraoperative PDT may be applied early after the FGR. It takes advantage of the presence of the PS (the protoporphyrin IX) used for FGR purpose and that is already concentrates into the tumor cells. Thus, the proposed treatment strategy fits into the current standard of care. A medical device was designed to fit to the resection cavity and illuminate homogeneously the cavity’s margins. The device is constituted of two parts: a trocar coupled to an inflatable balloon and a fiber guide developed in the ONCO-THAI laboratory allowing to insert the light source. Specific methodologies were developed to calibrate and assess the device in terms of mechanical properties and dosimetry. The calibration process leaded to a transfer function that provides fast, robust and easy treatment duration prescription to induce a PDT response in cavity margins. Furthermore, a comprehensive experimental design has been worked out prior to the clinical trial that evaluate the safety of the procedure
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CUPPINI, LUCIA. "Antiangiogenic therapies for malignant gliomas: new markers for targeted treatment." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28473.

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Bevacizumab has shown activity in different tumor types, including high grade gliomas (HGG). However, the use of bevacizumab and other antiangiogenic drugs in the clinical setting limited by the lack of markers to predict responses. We report that the combined treatment with bevacizumab and irinotecan is effective in recurrent HGG patients, particularly in those with local disease, with mild toxicity. Median OS and PFS were 33 and 18 weeks, respectively. PFS at 6 and 12 months were 32% and 12%. OS at 6 months was 60%. Patients with distant intracerebral disease or leptomeningeal dissemination at baseline magnetic resonance had shorter PFS and OS. We analyzed circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and their progenitors (CEPs), as previous studies supported their involvement in responses to bevacizumab. Higher levels of CD109+ CECs, CEPs and CD45dimCD34+CD133+ hematopoietic committed progenitors before treatment were associated with longer PFS. Moreover, long-term responders showed higher baseline CD109+ CECs and CD45dimCD34+VEGFR2+ hematopoietic progenitors. These findings pave the way for larger studies further addressing the potential of CECs and CEPs as biomarkers to target patient populations that may benefit from bevacizumab and possibly other antiangiogenic drugs.
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Onken, Julia Sophie [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Hau. "The role of the proteoglycan versican in high-grade gliomas / Julia Sophie Onken. Betreuer: Peter Hau." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1033216631/34.

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Books on the topic "High grade gliomas"

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Barnett, Gene H., ed. High-Grade Gliomas. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-185-7.

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Huntoon, Kristin, and J. Bradley Elder. High-Grade Gliomas. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0001.

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Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. This chapter discusses the clinical presentation and initial workup for a patient with a suspected glioblastoma, as well as the optimal treatment strategy and prognosis. Diagnosis is typically made using magnetic resonance imaging. Optimal treatment involves maximal safe surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgical adjuncts including intraoperative imaging modalities and brain mapping techniques help improve neurologic morbidity associated with surgery. Despite maximal treatment, virtually all patients with glioblastoma will experience recurrence of their tumor and may be considered for clinical trials or second-line therapy. This chapter highlights important pearls associated with management of patients with glioblastoma and written for those who are interested in neuro-oncology, neurosurgery, and the field of brain tumors.
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Barnett, Gene H. High-grade Gliomas: Diagnosis and Treatment. Humana P.,U.S., 2006.

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H, Barnett Gene, ed. High-grade gliomas: Diagnosis and treatment. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 2007.

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High-Grade Gliomas: Diagnosis and Treatment. Humana, 2010.

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Barnett, Gene H. High-Grade Gliomas: Diagnosis and Treatment (Current Clinical Oncology). Humana Press, 2006.

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Pandey, Sanjeet, Dr Sheshang Degadwala, and Dr Vineet Kumar Singh. BRAIN TUMOR CLASSIFICATION INTO HIGH AND LOW GRADE GLIOMAS. Scholars' Press, 2021.

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Elwell, Christine, and Kufre Sampson. Neurological tumours. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0237.

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Neurological tumours are categorized by the WHO as follows: neuroepithelial tumours (gliomas, oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas, pineal parenchymal tumours, medulloblastoma, neuronal and neuroglial tumours); cranial and paraspinal nerve tumours (schwannoma, neurofibromas); meningeal tumours (meningiomas); lymphomas; germ cell tumours (germinoma, teratoma); sellar region tumours (cranipharyngioma); and metastases. The tumours are classified according to grade. The WHO histological grading scheme used for astrocytomas is based on mitoses, nuclear pleomorphism, necrosis, and endothelial proliferation. WHO Grade I and Grade II tumours are low-grade tumours, and WHO Grade III and Grade IV tumours are high-grade tumours.
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Cassidy, Jim, Donald Bissett, Roy A. J. Spence OBE, Miranda Payne, Gareth Morris-Stiff, and Madhumita Bhattacharyya. Skin cancers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199689842.003.0023_update_001.

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Tumours of the central nervous system examines the epidemiology, aetiology, genetics and pathology of these heterogeneous tumours. Clinical presentation reflects the site of origin and rate of growth. Investigation usually comprises imaging (MRI superior to CT for most), and biopsy; requirement for additional staging depends on pathology. The treatment of low-grade gliomas may be delayed if small with few symptoms, otherwise surgery and/or radiotherapy. High grade gliomas may be managed with surgery, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy in fit patients. Unfit patients should be offered supportive care only. Brief summaries are provided for management of ependymoma, pineal tumours, meningioma, germ-cell CNS tumours, pituitary tumours, CNS lymphoma, acoustic neuroma, medulloblastoma, and spinal cord tumours. Radiotherapy for primary CNS tumours is described along with its side effects, and chemotherapy for these diseases is reviewed. Brain metastases far outnumber primary brain tumours, with generally poor prognosis, but this relates both to the pathology and patient performance status. Appropriate treatment may include surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy.
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Modern Management Of High Grade Glioma. W.B. Saunders Company, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "High grade gliomas"

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Vlacich, Gregory, and Christina I. Tsien. "High-Grade Gliomas." In Adult CNS Radiation Oncology, 83–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42878-9_6.

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Chang, Jennifer S., Daphne A. Haas-Kogan, and Sabine Mueller. "High-Grade Gliomas." In Pediatric Oncology, 37–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30789-3_2.

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Drevelegas, Antonios, and George Karkavelas. "High-Grade Gliomas." In Imaging of Brain Tumors with Histological Correlations, 157–200. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87650-2_6.

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Roberge, David, and Luis Souhami. "High-Grade Gliomas." In Principles and Practice of Stereotactic Radiosurgery, 207–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71070-9_17.

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Mueller, Sabine, and Daphne Haas-Kogan. "High-Grade Gliomas." In Pediatric Oncology, 37–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87979-4_2.

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Sumrall, Ashley L. "High-Grade Gliomas." In Textbook of Uncommon Cancer, 899–906. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119196235.ch63.

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Drevelegas, A., and G. Karkavelas. "High-Grade Gliomas." In Imaging of Brain Tumors with Histological Correlations, 109–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04951-8_5.

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Roberts, Timothy P. L., and Andrea Kassner. "Imaging Tumor Biology." In High-Grade Gliomas, 141–59. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-185-7_8.

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Tarapore, Phiroz E., Anu Banerjee, and Nalin Gupta. "Supratentorial High-Grade Gliomas." In Oncology of CNS Tumors, 427–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02874-8_26.

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Fabbiano, Francesco, Jacopo Scaggiante, Andrea Wlderk, Gualtiero Innocenzi, Sergio Paolini, Nicola Modugno, Claudio Colonnese, and Marcello Bartolo. "Low-Grade Glioma: High-Grade Tumor Recurrence." In Imaging Gliomas After Treatment, 175–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31210-7_36.

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Conference papers on the topic "High grade gliomas"

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Dutra, Milla Giancristofaro, Bernardo Valle Zanetti, Ana Luiza Badini Tubenchlak, Bárbara Gomes Muffato, Leonardo Moreira Dutra, Maria Clara Lopes Resende, Mariana Vanon Moreira, and Yves Henrique Faria Dias. "Management of low-grade gliomas." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.052.

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Background: Gliomas are the most aggressive and prevalent primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system. For better mapping, they are subclassified into degrees in proportion to their malignancy. Although low-grade patients have a better prognosis, they are extremely heterogeneous. Since the high variability in the outcomes of the condition, it is essential to investigate the current therapeutic strategies available. Objective: Analyze the management of low-grade gliomas. Methods: In April 2021, a literature review was conducted on MEDLINE using the descriptors: “Glioma”, “Low Grade”; “Treatment”; as well as their variations obtained in MeSH. Controlled and randomized clinical trials carried out on humans in the last five years were included. Results: 63 articles were found and 10 of them were analyzed in this review. The research has shown that total tumor resection is the therapeutic modality that causes the greatest drop in the mortality rates. Furthermore, the greater the extraction, the greater the progression-free survival. In this way, for greater safety of large-scale surgeries, several intraoperative techniques have been developed. An example is the waking approach, which presents favorable long-term functional results and low failure rates. However, the isolated surgery is often not sufficiently curative. Therefore, it is necessary to complement radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide, associated with a 5 to 10 year survival rate when combined. Conclusions: Studies have shown that total resection of the tumor is the best way to manage low-grade gliomas, but it is often combined with temozolamide chemotherapy and radiotherapy for a better prognosis.
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Ul Ain, Qurat, Iqra Duaa, Komal Haroon, Faisal Amin, and Muhammad Zia ur Rehman. "MRI Based Glioma Detection and Classification into Low-grade and High-Grade Gliomas." In 2021 15th International Conference on Open Source Systems and Technologies (ICOSST). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icosst53930.2021.9683838.

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Dupont, C., N. Reyns, P. Deleporte, S. Mordon, and M. Vermandel. "Intraoperative photodynamic treatment for high-grade gliomas." In SPIE BiOS, edited by David H. Kessel and Tayyaba Hasan. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2251351.

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Jabado, Nada. "Abstract IA18: Epigenetic addiction in pediatric high-grade gliomas." In Abstracts: AACR Special Conference: Advances in Brain Cancer Research; May 27-30, 2015; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.brain15-ia18.

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Coppola, Domenico, Lodovico Balducci, Dung-Tsa Chen, Steven Brem, Kathy Egan, William Dalton, and Timothy Yeatman. "Abstract LB-344: Senescence-related genes signature in high grade gliomas." In Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am10-lb-344.

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Bender, Sebastian, Yujie Tang, Anders M. Lindroth, Volker Hovestadt, Marc Zapatka, David T. W. Jones, Marcel Kool, et al. "Abstract 3084: Epigenetic deregulation in H3.3-K27M mutant pediatric high-grade gliomas." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-3084.

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Pribyl, Lee J., Susanna M. Downing, Cristel V. Camacho, Jon D. Larson, Suzanne J. Baker, and Peter J. McKinnon. "Abstract LB-289: Genomic instability and the development of high-grade gliomas." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-lb-289.

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Pribyl, Lee J., Susanna M. Downing, Cristel V. Camacho, Jon D. Larson, Suzanne J. Baker, and Peter J. McKinnon. "Abstract LB-289: Genomic instability and the development of high-grade gliomas." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-lb-289.

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Frederico, Stephen, Chaim Sneiderman, Ian Pollack, and Gary Kohanbash. "222 Developing an adoptive cell transfer immunotherapy for pediatric high-grade gliomas." In SITC 37th Annual Meeting (SITC 2022) Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-sitc2022.0222.

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Buczkowicz, Pawel, Ute Bartels, Andrew Morrison, Eric Bouffet, Uri Tabori, and Cynthia Hawkins. "Abstract 3455: Comparison of expression profiles of pediatric high and low grade brainstem gliomas to pediatric supratentorial high grade astrocytomas." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-3455.

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Reports on the topic "High grade gliomas"

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Gu, Xindong, Xining He, Hualong Wang, Jianhua Li, Ruwei Chen, Rong Li, and Hongen Liu. Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging in differentiation between recurrence and pseudoprogression in high-grade glioma: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0056.

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Cai, Yang, Yu-Gang Jiang, Ming Wang, Zhuo-Hang Jiang, and Zhi-Gang Tan. A comparative study of the effectiveness and safety of combined procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine as a therapeutic method for recurrent high-grade glioma: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.8.0078.

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