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Journal articles on the topic 'High energy regime'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Qiao, B., Z. Xu, W. P. Yao, H. X. Chang, and X. T. He. "Magnetic reconnection in the high-energy density regime." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 59, no. 6 (April 19, 2017): 064002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aa6803.

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2

Mauritsen, Thorsten, and Gunilla Svensson. "Observations of Stably Stratified Shear-Driven Atmospheric Turbulence at Low and High Richardson Numbers." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 645–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3856.1.

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Abstract Stably stratified shear-driven turbulence is analyzed using the gradient Richardson number, Ri, as the stability parameter. The method overcomes the statistical problems associated with the widely used Monin–Obukhov stability parameter. The results of the Ri-based scaling confirm the presence of three regimes: the weakly and the very stable regimes and the transition in between them. In the weakly stable regime, fluxes scale in proportion with variance, while in the very stable regime, stress and scalar fluxes behave differently. At large Ri, the velocity field becomes highly anisotropic and the turbulent potential energy becomes approximately equal to half of the turbulent kinetic energy. It appears that even in the strongly stable regime, beyond what is known as the critical gradient Richardson number, turbulent motions are present.

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3

Chakraborty, Nilanjan, and Suman Chakraborty. "Thermal Transport Regimes and Generalized Regime Diagram for High Energy Surface Melting Processes." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 38, no. 1 (February 28, 2007): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-006-9000-7.

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4

Teimouri, Reza, and Hamid Baseri. "Study of Tool Wear and Overcut in EDM Process with Rotary Tool and Magnetic Field." Advances in Tribology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/895918.

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Tool wear and workpiece overcut have been studied in electrical discharge machining process with rotational external magnetic field and rotational electrode. Experiments have been divided to three main regimes, namely, low-energy regime, middle-energy regime, and high-energy regime. The influence of process parameters were investigated on electrode wear rate and overcut. Results indicate that applying a magnetic field around the machining gap increases the electrode wear rate and overcut. Also, rotation of the tool has negative effect on overcut.

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5

DASCALU, T., V. LUPEI, N. PAVEL, and A. LUPEI. "A new laser regime for high energy Nd:YAG lasers." Le Journal de Physique IV 04, no. C4 (April 1994): C4–171—C4–174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1994438.

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6

LIU, MOLIN, BENHAI YU, RUMIN WANG, and LIXIN XU. "SCATTERING OF SCALAR PERTURBATIONS WITH COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT IN LOW-ENERGY AND HIGH-ENERGY REGIMES." Modern Physics Letters A 25, no. 28 (September 14, 2010): 2431–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732310033621.

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We study the absorption and scattering of massless scalar waves propagating in spherically symmetric spacetimes with dynamical cosmological constant both in low-energy and high-energy zones. In the former low-energy regime, we solve analytically the Regge–Wheeler wave equation and obtain an analytic absorption probability expression which varies with [Formula: see text], where M is the central mass and Λ is cosmological constant. The low-energy absorption probability, which is in the range of [0, 0.986701], increases monotonically with increase in Λ. In the latter high-energy regime, the scalar particles adopt their geometric optics limit value. The trajectory equation with effective potential emerges and the analytic high-energy greybody factor, which is relevant with the area of classically accessible regime, also increases monotonically with increase in Λ, as long Λ is less than or of the order of 104. In this high-energy case, the null cosmological constant result reduces to the Schwarzschild value [Formula: see text].

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7

Xiao, Zhigang, Lie-Wen Chen, Fen Fu, Bao-An Li, Genming Jin, Hushan Xu, Gaochan Yong, and Ming Zhang. "Nuclear matter at a HIRFL-CSR energy regime." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 36, no. 6 (May 13, 2009): 064040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/36/6/064040.

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8

Metag, V. "Nucleus-nucleus collisions in the SIS energy regime." Nuclear Physics A 630, no. 1-2 (February 1998): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(97)00739-2.

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9

Horn, Susanne, and Olga Shishkina. "Toroidal and poloidal energy in rotating Rayleigh–Bénard convection." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 762 (December 2, 2014): 232–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.652.

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AbstractWe consider rotating Rayleigh–Bénard convection of a fluid with a Prandtl number of $\mathit{Pr}=0.8$ in a cylindrical cell with an aspect ratio ${\it\Gamma}=1/2$. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) were performed for the Rayleigh number range $10^{5}\leqslant \mathit{Ra}\leqslant 10^{9}$ and the inverse Rossby number range $0\leqslant 1/\mathit{Ro}\leqslant 20$. We propose a method to capture regime transitions based on the decomposition of the velocity field into toroidal and poloidal parts. We identify four different regimes. First, a buoyancy-dominated regime occurring while the toroidal energy $e_{tor}$ is not affected by rotation and remains equal to that in the non-rotating case, $e_{tor}^{0}$. Second, a rotation-influenced regime, starting at rotation rates where $e_{tor}>e_{tor}^{0}$ and ending at a critical inverse Rossby number $1/\mathit{Ro}_{cr}$ that is determined by the balance of the toroidal and poloidal energy, $e_{tor}=e_{pol}$. Third, a rotation-dominated regime, where the toroidal energy $e_{tor}$ is larger than both $e_{pol}$ and $e_{tor}^{0}$. Fourth, a geostrophic regime for high rotation rates where the toroidal energy drops below the value for non-rotating convection.

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10

ROULET, E. "ASTROPARTICLE THEORY: SOME NEW INSIGHTS INTO HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 19, no. 07 (March 20, 2004): 1133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x04019044.

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Some new developments obtained in the last few years concerning the propagation of high energy cosmic rays are discussed. In particular, it is shown how the inclusion of drift effects in the transport diffusion equations leads naturally to an explanation for the knee, for the second knee and for the observed behavior of the composition and anisotropies between the knee and the ankle. It is shown that the trend towards a heavier composition above the knee has significant impact on the predicted neutrino fluxes above 1014 eV. The effects of magnetic lensing on the cosmic rays with energies above the ankle are also discussed, analyzing the main features of the different regimes that appear between the diffusive behavior that takes place at lower energies and the regime of small deflections present at the highest ones.

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11

Zhao, Zheng, Chenjie Li, Xinlei Zheng, Anbang Sun, and Jiangtao Li. "Periodical discharge regime transitions under long-term repetitive nanosecond pulses." Plasma Sources Science and Technology 31, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 045005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ac6050.

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Abstract Intuitively, the nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) corona and spark regimes are sustained successively after onsets due to the high background electron density and/or the surplus heat. In this paper, the NRP discharge unexpectedly swings among different regimes (corona → glow → spark → corona → …) in one pulse train, which is characterized by the periodical spark quench and reestablishment. We have investigated discharge regime instabilities by applying long-term repetitive high-voltage nanosecond pulses of ∼15 ns duration to needle–needle and needle–plane gaps in atmospheric-pressure N2 and N2–O2 mixtures. Pulse-sequence resolved electrical and optical diagnostics have been implemented to capture transition processes. The initial corona gradually grows into glow and then spark ‘pulse-by-pulse’, however, the spark regime was interrupted after a certain number of voltage pulses until the next reestablishment. Narrow pulse width impedes the discharge instability growth within one pulse, and a certain number of voltage pulses are required for the discharge regime transition. The addition of O2 dramatically boosts the duration length of spark regime. A lower output impedance of the power supply induces a higher deposited energy into a spark, however, not necessarily leads to a longer spark regime duration, although both the energy storage and the average electric field strength are approximate. Polarity effects, conventionally diminished in pulse-periodic discharges, are still evident during the discharge regime transition. The periodical discharge regime transition is qualitatively explained based on the plasma–source coupling and the evolution trajectory along the power transfer curve. Feedback mechanisms and residual-conductivity related screening effect in NRP spark discharges are analyzed based on a simplified 0D simulation. The periodical feature is probably caused by the insufficient average deposited energy per unit distance per one pulse cycle. In-depth understandings of ‘non-binary’ regimes (neither corona nor spark) and memory effect mechanisms of NRP discharges could be reached.

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12

Kadhim, Zainab Jawad, Hussein Humedy Chlib Alkaaby, Samar Emad Izzat, Ayat Hussein Adhab, Ashour H. Dawood, Marwah A. Shams, and Athmar Ali Kadhim. "Phase dependent of electromagnetically induced grating in a quantum system." Laser Physics Letters 19, no. 10 (August 25, 2022): 105204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1612-202x/ac89f3.

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Abstract In this letter, we theoretical investigated electromagnetically induced phase grating in a three-level quantum system. The quantum system interacts with two weak probe and signal lights and a strong coupling light. We show that in two different parametric conditions i.e. in electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) regimes, the probe and signal beams can be diffracted into the high-order directions. We realized that in the EIT regime, some of probe energy transfer from zero order to the high orders, while in ATS regime most of probe energy transfers to the high orders and small portion remain in the zero order.

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13

Santos, D. F. N., N. A. Almeida, M. Lisnyak, J. P. Gonnet, and M. S. Benilov. "Numerical investigation of regimes of current transfer to anodes of high-pressure arc discharges." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 4 (April 2022): 043503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0076587.

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Unified 1D numerical modeling of high-pressure high-current arc discharges is revisited. Two regimes of current transfer to anodes are investigated. The “passive anode” regime occurs for low and moderate anode surface temperatures [Formula: see text]. The energy flux from the plasma to the anode surface, [Formula: see text], depends on [Formula: see text] rather weakly in this regime and may be conveniently expressed in terms of the local current density [Formula: see text], and the so-called anode heating voltage [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] is independent of the arc length and the cathode surface temperature, although it weakly varies with [Formula: see text] between approximately [Formula: see text] in the range from [Formula: see text]. In the “active anode” regime, [Formula: see text] is higher than in the passive anode regime and varies with [Formula: see text]. The active anode regime may occur on hot refractory anodes, such as those of high-intensity discharge lamps, when [Formula: see text] exceeds approximately [Formula: see text] and the thermionic electron emission from the anode comes into play. The latter causes an increase in the electron density near the anode. One consequence is the increase in the electron energy transport from the bulk plasma to the near-anode layer by electron heat conduction. The other effect contributing to increase in [Formula: see text] is the formation of a negative near-anode space-charge sheath with a positive voltage drop. In non-stationary simulations, the active regime occurs via the development of a thermal instability similar to that causing the appearance of spots on thermionic arc cathodes. The occurrence of the active regime is strongly affected by parameters, in particular, by the distance between the anode surface and the cooling fluid.

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14

Koy, Ayben. "Regime Switching Mechanism during Energy Futures' Price Bubbles." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.12549.

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In the last twenty years, many huge ups and downs have been seen in not only oil prices but also in other spot and derivative' energy prices too. This study has two main purposes. The main purpose of the study is to detect bubbles and their beginning and ending dates in energy derivatives futures prices. Crude oil WTI, natural gas, and heating oil monthly prices are analyzed for the period beginning from 1990 to 2018. Following detecting bubbles, Markov Regime Switching Autoregressive (MSAR) models and Markov Regime Switching Vector Autoregressive (MSVAR) models are used to analyze the movement of the regime-switching mechanism between the bubble dates. The general evidence indicates that the switching mechanism during bubble periods has some mutual similarities as generally their direction is to regime 1 as recession with low/negative returns and high volatility. Following positive return periods in energy prices, mostly after the high return/high volatility periods, the market actors might face bubble collapses.

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15

Shaing, K. C., M. Garcia-Munoz, and E. Viezzer. "Neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in bounce-transit and drift resonance regimes in tokamaks." Nuclear Fusion 63, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 026012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aca684.

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Abstract Neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in the bounce-transit and drift resonance regimes is calculated using a version of the drift kinetic equation that encompasses the physics of the nonlinear trapping and quasilinear plateau regimes in tokamaks. It is demonstrated that the mirror-force like term controls the transition between these two regimes. When the effective collision frequency is larger than the mirroring or the nonlinear bounce frequency, the quasilinear regime prevails; otherwise, the nonlinear trapping regime reigns. The demonstration is accomplished by using the Eulerian approach and is beyond the grasp of the method of the integration along the unperturbed orbit in solving the drift kinetic equation. The neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity in the quasilinear plateau regime is calculated. Approximate analytic expressions for the neoclassical toroidal plasma viscosity that include the asymptotic limits of the nonlinear trapping and quasilinear regimes are presented to facilitate thermal and energetic alpha particle transport modeling in tokamaks.

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16

Nicks, Bradley Scott, Ernesto Barraza-Valdez, Sahel Hakimi, Kyle Chesnut, Genevieve DeGrandchamp, Kenneth Gage, David Housley, et al. "High-Density Dynamics of Laser Wakefield Acceleration from Gas Plasmas to Nanotubes." Photonics 8, no. 6 (June 11, 2021): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8060216.

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The electron dynamics of laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) is examined in the high-density regime using particle-in-cell simulations. These simulations model the electron source as a target of carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes readily allow access to near-critical densities and may have other advantageous properties for potential medical applications of electron acceleration. In the near-critical density regime, electrons are accelerated by the ponderomotive force followed by the electron sheath formation, resulting in a flow of bulk electrons. This behavior represents a qualitatively distinct regime from that of low-density LWFA. A quantitative entropy index for differentiating these regimes is proposed. The dependence of accelerated electron energy on laser amplitude is also examined. For the majority of this study, the laser propagates along the axis of the target of carbon nanotubes in a 1D geometry. After the fundamental high-density physics is established, an alternative, 2D scheme of laser acceleration of electrons using carbon nanotubes is considered.

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17

MCKENZIE, J. F., and Q. HU. "Interaction of positive and negative energy waves in a magnetized bi-ion plasma with differential ion streaming." Journal of Plasma Physics 74, no. 3 (June 2008): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377807006770.

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AbstractIn this paper the concept of negative energy waves facilitates the analysis of instability in a magnetized bi-ion plasma with differential ion streaming. There are three frequency regimes in which instability may arise. For frequencies less than the alpha particle gyrofrequency, a negative energy alpha ion-cyclotron mode can interact with a positive energy proton-cyclotron mode. In the intermediate frequency regime lying between the alpha and proton gyrofrequencies, a negative energy alpha-acoustic mode interacts with a positive energy proton-cyclotron mode. In the high-frequency regime above the proton-cyclotron frequency a negative energy alpha-acoustic mode interacts with a positive energy proton-acoustic mode. The resonance (or coalescence) condition which lends itself to a simple geometrical interpretation as the intersection between the proton and alpha mode wave normal diagrams with differential streaming permits the evaluation of the instability growth rate in each frequency regime, which is calculated for both subsonic and supersonic differential streaming.

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18

Ko, Sheng-Lan, Jen-Chi Lee, and Yi Yang. "Patterns of high energy massive string scatterings in the Regge regime." Journal of High Energy Physics 2009, no. 06 (June 8, 2009): 028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2009/06/028.

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19

Ceccotti, T., A. Lévy, F. Réau, H. Popescu, P. Monot, E. Lefebvre, and Ph Martin. "TNSA in the ultra-high contrast regime." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 50, no. 12 (November 3, 2008): 124006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/50/12/124006.

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20

Hossenfelder, S., M. Bleicher, S. Hofmann, J. Ruppert, S. Scherer, and H. Stöcker. "Signatures in the Planck regime." Physics Letters B 575, no. 1-2 (November 2003): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2003.09.040.

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21

Rieger, Erich. "Solar Flares: High-Energy Radiation and Particles." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 104, no. 1 (1989): 323–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100031973.

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AbstractDue to the Sun's proximity flares can be investigated in the gamma-ray regime and flare generated particles can be measured in space and related to particular events. In this review paper we focus on the problem of particle acceleration by using as observational ingredients: the fluxes and spectra of particles inferred from gamma-ray measurements and observed in interplanetary space, the temporal characteristics of flares at high-energy X- and gamma-rays and the distribution of gamma-ray flares over the solar disc.

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22

Lee, Jen-Chi, and Yi Yang. "Overview of High Energy String Scattering Amplitudes and Symmetries of String Theory." Symmetry 11, no. 8 (August 13, 2019): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11081045.

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In this paper, we studied symmetries of string scattering amplitudes in the high energy limits of both the fixed angle or Gross regime (GR) and the fixed momentum transfer or Regge regime (RR). We calculated high energy string scattering amplitudes (SSA) at arbitrary mass levels for both regimes. We discovered the infinite linear relations among fixed angle string amplitudes and the ifinite recurrence relations among Regge string amplitudes. The linear relations we obtained in the GR corrected the saddle point calculations by Gross, Gross and Mende. In addition, for the high energy closed string scatterings, our results differ from theirs by an oscillating prefactor which was crucial to recover the KLT relation valid for all energies. We showed that all the high energy string amplitudes can be solved using the linear or recurrence relations, so that all the string amplitudes can be expressed in terms of a single string amplitude. We further found that, at each mass level, the ratios among the fixed angle amplitudes can be extracted from the Regge string scattering amplitudes. Finally, we reviewed the recent developments on the discovery of infinite number of recurrence relations valid for all energies among Lauricella SSA. The symmetries or relations among SSA at various limits obtained previously can be exactly reproduced. It leads us to argue that the known S L ( K + 3 , C ) dynamical symmetry of the Lauricella function may be crucial to probe spacetime symmetry of string theory.

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23

Schwarz, R. B. "Helmholtz vibrations in bowed strings." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): 2461–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010159.

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For almost 160 years, it has been known that Helmholtz oscillations, unique to vibrating strings in bowed instruments (violin, cello, etc.), have two distinct regimes: “slip” and “stick.” During the slip regime, the force at the bow-string interaction is attributed to friction between the sliding bow hair and the vibrating string, with a friction coefficient that decreases with increasing relative velocity. Yet the hair-string interaction during the stick regime is less understood. We propose that the interaction force during the stick regime is proportional to the product of the longitudinal acoustic impedance of the bow hair to the relative bow-string velocity. We validate this hypothesis by solving the string's differential equation of motion, including an enhanced formulation to avoid parasitic high-frequency oscillations. This physical model enables us to analyze, in real time, the characteristics of the Helmholtz oscillations, including the string shape, excitation of harmonics, Schelleng ripples, and string energy, showing that the bowed string gains energy during the stick regime and loses energy during the slip regime.

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24

Lobok, M. G., and V. Yu Bychenkov. "Using Relativistic Self-Trapping Regime of a High-Intensity Laser Pulse for High-Energy Electron Radiotherapy." Plasma Physics Reports 48, no. 6 (June 2022): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063780x22600335.

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Abstract— Full-3D particle-in-cell Monte Carlo simulation of a new scheme of electron radiotherapy based on electron acceleration by high-power femtosecond laser pulse propagating in plasma of sub-critical density in the relativistic self-trapping regime (V. Yu. Bychenkov et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 61, 124004 (2019)) was carried out. Based on the results of simulation of distribution of energy deposited by electron bunches accelerated in such high-efficiency regime, it is demonstrated that a laser facility of $$ \gtrsim {\kern 1pt} 100$$ TW class is capable of providing therapy of deep soft-tissue lesions in soft biotissue and this approach has a number of advantages relative to traditional methods of beam therapy.

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25

Gupta, Prateek, Guido Lodato, and Carlo Scalo. "Spectral energy cascade in thermoacoustic shock waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 831 (October 13, 2017): 358–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.635.

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We have investigated thermoacoustically amplified quasi-planar nonlinear waves driven to the limit of shock-wave formation in a variable-area looped resonator geometrically optimized to maximize the growth rate of the quasi-travelling-wave second harmonic. Optimal conditions result in velocity leading pressure by approximately $40^{\circ }$ in the thermoacoustic core and not in pure travelling-wave phasing. High-order unstructured fully compressible Navier–Stokes simulations reveal three regimes: (i) modal growth, governed by linear thermoacoustics; (ii) hierarchical spectral broadening, resulting in a nonlinear inertial energy cascade, (iii) shock-wave-dominated limit cycle, where energy production is balanced by dissipation occurring at the captured shock-thickness scale. The acoustic energy budgets in regime (i) have been analytically derived, yielding an expression of the Rayleigh index in closed form and elucidating the effect of geometry and hot-to-cold temperature ratio on growth rates. A time-domain nonlinear dynamical model is formulated for regime (ii), highlighting the role of second-order interactions between pressure and heat-release fluctuations, causing asymmetry in the thermoacoustic energy production cycle and growth rate saturation. Moreover, energy cascade is inviscid due to steepening in regime (ii), with the $k$th harmonic growing at $k/2$-times the modal growth rate of the thermoacoustically sustained second harmonic. The frequency energy spectrum in regime (iii) is shown to scale with a $-5/2$ power law in the inertial range, rolling off at the captured shock-thickness scale in the dissipation range. We have thus shown the existence of equilibrium thermoacoustic energy cascade analogous to hydrodynamic turbulence.

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Habibzadeh, Alireza, Mark R. Loewen, and Nallamuthu Rajaratnam. "Turbulence measurements in submerged hydraulic jumps with baffle blocks." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 6 (June 2016): 553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2015-0480.

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Laboratory measurements of turbulence in submerged hydraulic jumps with blocks downstream of a sluice gate are presented. As observed previously two flow regimes were distinguished; the deflected surface jet (DSJ) and the reattaching wall jet (RWJ) regimes. In the DSJ regime considerable turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) was generated just downstream of the blocks and the rate of dissipation of TKE was found to be very high resulting in a rapid decay of TKE. In the RWJ flow regime the magnitude of both the TKE and the dissipation rate were considerably lower but because the TKE decayed more slowly higher levels of TKE persisted farther downstream. This study provides insights into the production and dissipation of turbulence in submerged flows and helps to explain why a submerged jump with blocks with a low submergence factor; i.e., the DSJ flow regime, is as effective as a free jump in dissipating energy.

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Xiao, Zhao, Ge, Zhong, Li, Yu, Fan, Bian, and Chen. "High Stability LED-Pumped Nd:YVO4 Laser with a Cr:YAG for Passive Q-Switching." Crystals 9, no. 4 (April 10, 2019): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9040201.

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With improvements in light-emitting diode (LED) performance and a sharp decline in price, a light source with the irradiance of a laser and the cost of an LED is worthy of further study. We demonstrated a LED-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser in quasi-continuous-wave (QCW) and passively Q-switched (PQS) regime. With an incident pump energy of 6.28 mJ (150 μs pulses at 1 Hz), the Nd:YVO4 laser has an energy of 206 μJ at 1064 nm in the QCW regime. The optical conversion efficiency of the system is 4.1%, and the slope efficiency is 9.0%. A pulsed energy of 2.5 μJ was obtained with a duration of 897 ns (FWHM) in the PQS regime, which means the peak power is 2.79 W. The output energy stability is 97.54%.

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Tang, Jinyu, Mohammed N. Ansari, and William R. Rossen. "Quantitative Modeling of the Effect of Oil on Foam for Enhanced Oil Recovery." SPE Journal 24, no. 03 (January 28, 2019): 1057–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/194020-pa.

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Summary The effectiveness of foam for mobility control in the presence of oil is key to foam enhanced oil recovery (EOR). A fundamental property of foam EOR is the existence of two steady-state flow regimes: the high-quality regime and the low-quality regime. Experimental studies have sought to understand the effect of oil on foam through its effect on these two regimes. Here, we explore the effect of oil on the two flow regimes for one widely used foam model. The STARS (CMG 2015) foam model includes two algorithms for the effect of oil on foam: In the “wet-foam” model, oil changes the mobility of full-strength foam in the low-quality regime, and in the “dry-out” model, oil alters the limiting water saturation around which foam collapses. We examine their effects as represented in each model on the two flow regimes using a Corey relative permeability function for oil. Specifically, we plot the pressure-gradient contours that define the two flow regimes as a function of superficial velocities of water, gas, and oil, and show how oil shifts behavior in the regimes. The wet-foam model shifts behavior in the low-quality regime with no direct effect on the high-quality regime. The dry-out model shifts behavior in the high-quality regime but not the low-quality regime. At fixed superficial velocities, both models predict multiple steady states at some injection conditions. We perform a stability analysis of these states using a simple 1D simulator with and without incorporating capillary diffusion. The steady state attained after injection depends on the initial state. In some cases, it appears that the steady state at the intermediate pressure gradient is inherently unstable, as represented in the model. In some cases, the introduction of capillary diffusion is required to attain a uniform steady state in the medium. The existence of multiple steady states, with the intermediate one being unstable, is reminiscent of catastrophe theory and of studies of foam generation without oil.

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Bello, Usman A., and Aliyu R. Sanusi. "Inflation Dynamics and Exchange Rate Pass-Through in Nigeria: Evidence from Augmented Nonlinear New Keynesian Philips Curve." Central Bank of Nigeria Journal of Applied Statistics, Vol. 10 No. 2 (February 21, 2020): 109–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33429/cjas.10219.4/6.

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This paper estimates a nonlinear augmented New Keynesian Philips Curve for Nigeria using the Smooth Transition Regression model for the period 1995Q1 to 2018Q2. The empirical evidence reveals the existence of two inflation regimes during the period under review. Food inflation, energy inflation, firms’ marginal cost, and imported inflation account for most of the changes in the prices of composite consumers’ basket in low exchange rate depreciation regime. However, the exchange rate solely explains price changes in the composite consumers’ basket when inflation switches to high regime. Similarly, the results show that regime change in inflation is largely caused by exchange rate (transition variable) depreciation or devaluation of the naira. Furthermore, the paper finds that the threshold in exchange rate devaluation (depreciation) that triggers a regime switch from low to high inflation regime is about N75 relative to a dollar. The speed of regime switch was found to be significantly high at about 70% per quarter. The paper argues that achieving exchange rate stability is a necessary condition for disinflation during this regime. Therefore, this paper recommends that monetary policy response to low inflation regime must target the various components of the consumption basket while effort to curtail persistent high inflation must include a stable exchange rate of the naira.

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30

POP, A. V. "EFFECT OF Ni SUBSTITUTION FOR Cu IN THE VORTEX STATE OF (Bi,Pb):2223 SUPERCONDUCTOR." International Journal of Modern Physics B 13, no. 21n22 (September 10, 1999): 2775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979299002654.

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The influence of the partial substitution of x=0.02 Ni for Cu on the magnetoresistivity in the (Bi,Pb):2223 superconductor has been investigated. The resistive transitions were studied under magnetic fields up to 0.7 Tesla by using the dρ/dT versus T curves. The Arrhenius plots shows that the dissipation processes are induced by two distinct regimes. In the high temperature regime the activation energy is proportional to ln B and to B-1 in low temperature regime. The main dissipation processes in these regimes are discussed.

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31

Remington, Bruce A., Hye-Sook Park, Daniel T. Casey, Robert M. Cavallo, Daniel S. Clark, Channing M. Huntington, Carolyn C. Kuranz, et al. "Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities in high-energy density settings on the National Ignition Facility." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 37 (June 26, 2018): 18233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717236115.

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The Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instability occurs at an interface between two fluids of differing density during an acceleration. These instabilities can occur in very diverse settings, from inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions over spatial scales of∼10−3−10−1cm (10–1,000 μm) to supernova explosions at spatial scales of∼1012cm and larger. We describe experiments and techniques for reducing (“stabilizing”) RT growth in high-energy density (HED) settings on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Three unique regimes of stabilization are described: (i) at an ablation front, (ii) behind a radiative shock, and (iii) due to material strength. For comparison, we also show results from nonstabilized “classical” RT instability evolution in HED regimes on the NIF. Examples from experiments on the NIF in each regime are given. These phenomena also occur in several astrophysical scenarios and planetary science [Drake R (2005)Plasma Phys Controlled Fusion47:B419–B440; Dahl TW, Stevenson DJ (2010)Earth Planet Sci Lett295:177–186].

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32

Tang, Jinyu, Sebastien Vincent-Bonnieu, and William R. Rossen. "Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Oil on Steady-State Foam Flow in Porous Media." SPE Journal 24, no. 01 (November 26, 2018): 140–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/194015-pa.

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Summary Foam flow in porous media without oil shows two regimes depending on foam quality (gas fractional flow). Complexity and limited data on foam/oil interactions in porous media greatly restrict understanding of foam in contact with oil. Distinguishing which regimes are affected by oil is key to modeling the effect of oil on foam. We report steady-state corefloods to investigate the effect of oil on foam through its effect on the two flow regimes. We fit the parameters of a widely used local-equilibrium (LE) foam model to data for concurrent foam/oil flow. This research provides a practical approach and initial data for simulating foam enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in the presence of oil. To ensure steady state, oil is coinjected with foam at a fixed ratio of oil (Uo) to water (Uw) superficial velocities in a Bentheimer Sandstone core. Model oils used here consist of a composition of hexadecane, which is benign to foam stability, and oleic acid (OA), which can destroy foam. Varying the concentration of OA in the model oil allows one to examine the effect of oil composition on steady-state foam flow. Experimental results show that oil affects both high- and low-quality regimes, with the high-quality regime being more sensitive to oil. In particular, oil increases the limiting water saturation (Sw*) in the high-quality regime and also reduces gas-mobility reduction in the low-quality regime. Unevenly spaced ▿p contours in the high-quality regime suggest either strongly shear-thinning behavior or an increasingly destabilizing effect of oil. In some cases, the pressure gradient (▿p) in the low-quality regime decreases with increasing Uw at fixed gas superficial velocity (Ug), either with or without oil. This might reflect either an effect of oil, if oil is present, or easier flow of bubbles under wetter conditions. Increasing the OA concentration extends the high-quality regime to lower foam qualities, indicating more difficulty in stabilizing foam. Thus, oil composition plays as significant a role as oil saturation (So). A model fit assuming a fixed Sw* and including shear thinning in the low-quality regime does not represent the two regimes when the oil effect is strong enough. In such cases, fitting Sw* to each ▿p contour and excluding shear thinning in the low-quality regime yield a better match to these data. The dependency of Sw* on So is not yet clear because of the absence of oil-saturation data in this study. Furthermore, none of the current foam-simulation models captures the upward-tilting ▿p contours in the low-quality regime.

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33

Brisson, V., R. Cizeron, R. Chiche, E. Cormier, Y. Fedala, R. Flaminio, D. Jehanno, et al. "High finesse Fabry–Perot cavities in picosecond regime." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 608, no. 1 (September 2009): S75—S77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.05.038.

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34

NG, JOHNNY S. T., and PISIN CHEN. "PROSPECTS OF HIGH ENERGY LABORATORY ASTROPHYSICS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 21, no. 03n04 (February 10, 2007): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979207042082.

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Ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) have been observed but their sources and production mechanisms are yet to be understood. We envision a laboratory astrophysics program that will contribute to the understanding of cosmic accelerators with efforts to: 1) test and calibrate UHECR observational techniques, and 2) elucidate the underlying physics of cosmic acceleration through laboratory experiments and computer simulations. Innovative experiments belonging to the first category have already been done at the SLAC FFTB. Results on air fluorescence yields from the FLASH experiment are reviewed. Proposed future accelerator facilities can provided unprecedented high-energy-densities in a regime relevant to cosmic acceleration studies and accessible in a terrestrial environment for the first time. We review recent simulation studies of non-linear plasma dynamics that could give rise to cosmic acceleration, and discuss prospects for experimental investigation of the underlying mechanisms.

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35

Bär, Oliver, Silvia Necco, and Stefan Schaefer. "The epsilon regime with Wilson fermions." Journal of High Energy Physics 2009, no. 03 (March 2, 2009): 006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2009/03/006.

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36

Beane, Silas R. "In search of the chiral regime." Nuclear Physics B 695, no. 1-2 (September 2004): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2004.06.002.

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37

Ciafaloni, M., D. Colferai, G. P. Salam, and A. M. Staśto. "Tunneling transition to the pomeron regime." Physics Letters B 541, no. 3-4 (August 2002): 314–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(02)02271-2.

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38

Pawloski, J. L., C. Y. Ching, and M. Shoukri. "Measurement of Void Fraction and Pressure Drop of Air-Oil Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal Pipes." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1619429.

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The void fractions, flow regimes, and pressure drop of air-oil two-phase flow in a half-inch diameter pipe over a wide range of test conditions have been investigated. The flow regimes were identified with the aid of a 1000 frames per second high-speed camera. A capacitance sensor for instantaneous void fraction measurements was developed. The mean and probability density function of the instantaneous void fraction signal can be used to effectively identify the different flow regimes. The current flow regime data show significant differences in the transitional boundaries of the existing flow regime maps. Property correction factors for the flow regime maps are recommended. The pressure drop measurements were compared to the predictions from four existing two-phase flow pressure drop models. Though some of the models performed better for certain flow regimes, none of the models were found to give accurate results over the entire range of flow regimes.

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39

Hutla, P., and J. Mazancová. "Post-drying of energy sorrel in a grate stock." Research in Agricultural Engineering 50, No. 1 (February 8, 2012): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4921-rae.

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Energy sorrel is a crop with high-yield potential and belongs among the most promissing energy crop for the Czech Republic. The suitable processing technology is harvest by the harvesting cutter with subsequent short-time storage and post-drying of chopped material in the large-capacity hayloft. For chopped sorrel were found-out hydraulic air losses during its passing through the stored layer and they were compared with values for stored forage. Two methods of drying ventilators controlling in the large-capacity heyloft were compared with the regime of time switching within chopped sorrel drying. Electric energy comsumption for ventilators drive in different regimes depends on water content in the material. Method of ventilators or time switching controlling has no effect on drying process result, thus even on water content reduction in the dried material. Under operational conditions the possibility of the chopped energy sorrel in large-capacity heyloft was verified.

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40

Eitel, Klaus. "Measurement of neutrino–nucleus interactions in the energy regime of supernovae." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 35, no. 1 (December 13, 2007): 014055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/35/1/014055.

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41

Metag, V. "Recent results on heavy-ion reactions in the SIS-energy regime." Nuclear Physics A 638, no. 1-2 (August 1998): 45c—56c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(98)00363-7.

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42

Stuchlík, Zdeněk, Martin Kološ, and Arman Tursunov. "Magnetized Black Holes: Ionized Keplerian Disks and Acceleration of Ultra-High Energy Particles." Proceedings 17, no. 1 (October 24, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019017013.

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Properties of charged particle motion in the field of magnetized black holes (BHs) imply four possible regimes of behavior of ionized Keplerian disks: survival in regular epicyclic motion, transformation into chaotic toroidal state, destruction due to fall into the BHs, destruction due to escape along magnetic field lines (escape to infinity for disks orbiting Kerr BHs). The regime of the epicyclic motion influenced by very weak magnetic fields can be related to the observed high-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations. In the case of very strong magnetic fields particles escaping to infinity could form UHECR due to extremely efficient magnetic Penrose process – protons with energy E > 10 21 eV can be accelerated by supermassive black holes with M ∼ 10 10 M ⊙ immersed in magnetic field with B ∼ 10 4 Gs.

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43

Naguleswaran, S., U. Garg, S. S. Ghugre, B. Kharraja, A. Galindo-Uribarri, V. P. Janzen, D. C. Radford, et al. "First Investigation of 115In in the High Spin Regime." Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei 359, no. 3 (September 1997): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002180050395.

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44

Yang, Q. Q., G. S. Xu, N. Yan, Y. F. Wang, X. Lin, Y. Ye, G. H. Hu, et al. "Stationary high-performance grassy ELM regime in EAST." Nuclear Fusion 60, no. 7 (June 15, 2020): 076012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab8e0f.

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45

Im, H. G., B. T. Helenbrook, S. R. Lee, and C. K. Law. "Ignition in the supersonic hydrogen/air mixing layer with reduced reaction mechanisms." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 322 (September 10, 1996): 275–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096002790.

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Asymptotic analysis of ignition within the supersonic hydrogen/air mixing layer is performed using reduced mechanisms. Two distinct reduced mechanisms for the high-temperature and the low-temperature regimes are used depending on the characteristic temperature of the reaction zone relative to the crossover temperature at which the reaction rates of the H + 02 branching and termination steps are equal. Each regime further requires two distinct analyses for the hot-stream and the viscous-heating cases, depending on the relative dominance of external and internal ignition energy sources. These four cases are analysed separately, and it is shown that the present analysis successfully describes the ignition process by exhibiting turning point or thermal runaway behaviour in the low-temperature regime, and radical branching followed by thermal runaway in the high-temperature regime. Results for the predicted ignition distances are then mapped out over the entire range of the parameters, showing consistent behaviour with the previous one-step model analysis. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that ignition in the low-temperature regime is controlled by a larger activation energy process, so that the ignition distance is more sensitive to its characteristic temperature than that in the high-temperature regime. The ignition distance is also found to vary non-monotonically with the system pressure in the manner of the well-known hydrogen/oxygen explosion limits, thereby further substantiating the importance of chemical chain mechanisms in this class of chemically reacting boundary layer flows.

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46

Tanner, Gregor. "Dynamical energy analysis—Determining wave energy distributions in vibro-acoustical structures in the high-frequency regime." Journal of Sound and Vibration 320, no. 4-5 (March 2009): 1023–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2008.08.032.

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47

Hernandez, Yves, and Sébastien Guillemet. "High energy sub-nanosecond thulium-doped all-fiber amplifier." International Journal of Modern Physics B 28, no. 12 (April 7, 2014): 1442006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979214420065.

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In this paper, we present the results obtained with a thulium-doped (Tm-doped) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) amplifier operating in the sub-nanosecond regime with three different sources. In all cases, 40 μJ per pulse could be generated in an all-fiber approach with a good spectral and spatial mode quality. This source is developed for pumping a subsequent optical parameter generators/optical parameter oscillators (OPG/OPA) conversion system based on a gallium arsenide (GaAs) quasi-phase matched crystal.

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48

Leckner, Bo, Genadij Palchonok, and Filip Johnsson. "Pressure fluctuations in gas fluidized beds." Thermal Science 6, no. 2 (2002): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0202003l.

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The pressure fluctuations in a fluidized bed are a result of the actions of the bubbles. However, the bubbles may be influenced by the air supply system and by the pressure drop of the air distributor. These interactions are treated for low as well as for high velocity beds by means of a simple model of the principal frequency of the pressure fluctuations. The model includes the interaction with the air supply system and describes qualitatively two important bubbling regimes: the single bubble regime, important for systems with low pressure drop air distributors, and the exploding bubble regime for high velocity beds. .

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49

Tsiklauri, David. "New Regime of Plasma Wake-Field Acceleration in the Extreme Blowout Regime." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 47, no. 1 (January 2019): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2018.2880602.

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Pisarski, Robert D., Fabian Rennecke, Alexei Tsvelik, and Semeon Valgushev. "The Lifshitz Regime and its Experimental Signals." Nuclear Physics A 1005 (January 2021): 121910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2020.121910.

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