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Journal articles on the topic 'High-Energy Particle'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Grib, A. A., and Yu V. Pavlov. "Black holes and high energy physics." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 02n03 (January 20, 2016): 1641016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16410165.

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Three mechanisms of getting high energies in particle collisions in the ergosphere of the rotating black holes are considered. The consequences of these mechanisms for observation of ultra high energy cosmic rays particles on the Earth as result of conversion of superheavy dark matter particles into ordinary particles are discussed.

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2

Franceschini, Roberto. "Energy peaks: A high energy physics outlook." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 38 (December 14, 2017): 1730034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317300348.

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Energy distributions of decay products carry information on the kinematics of the decay in ways that are at the same time straightforward and quite hidden. I will review these properties and discuss their early historical applications, as well as more recent ones in the context of (i) methods for the measurement of masses of new physics particle with semi-invisible decays, (ii) the characterization of Dark Matter particles produced at colliders, (iii) precision mass measurements of Standard Model particles, in particular of the top quark. Finally, I will give an outlook of further developments and applications of energy peak method for high energy physics at colliders and beyond.

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3

Agarwal, Pulkit, Han Wei Ang, Zongjin Ong, Aik Hui Chan, and Choo Hiap Oh. "On Multiparticle Production in Very High Energy Scattering." EPJ Web of Conferences 240 (2020): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024007001.

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A phenomenological model of particle production and hadronisation in high energy collisions is formulated using Dirac fields in Yukawa-like interaction and the resulting stochastic equation is solved numerically. Different initial conditions are used to compare particle- particle (ψ ψ) and particle-antiparticle (ψ* ψ) interactions. It is shown that in this simplified view, there is a clear difference between the final multiplicity distributions resulting from the two initial conditions. To model the restricted phase space (limited pseudorapidity) measurements in experiment, a “loss” function is also proposed to account for the undetected particles close to the beam line.

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4

Ado, Yu M. "High-energy charged-particle accelerators." Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk 145, no. 1 (1985): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3367/ufnr.0145.198501c.0087.

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5

NAGATA, K., T. KOHNO, H. MURAKAMI, A. NAKAMOTO, N. HASEBE, T. TAKENAKA, J. KIKUCHI, and T. DOKE. "OHZORA high energy particle observations." Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity 37, no. 3 (1985): 329–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5636/jgg.37.329.

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6

Ado, Yu M. "High-energy charged-particle accelerators." Soviet Physics Uspekhi 28, no. 1 (January 31, 1985): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/pu1985v028n01abeh003649.

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7

Kislyakov, A. I., A. V. Khudoleev, S. S. Kozlovskij, and M. P. Petrov. "High energy neutral particle analyzer." Fusion Engineering and Design 34-35 (March 1997): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(96)00668-0.

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8

Han, J., R. L. Smith, and R. Lander. "Microfabricated high-energy particle detector." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 54, no. 1-3 (June 1996): 594–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-4247(97)80021-0.

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9

Salmeron, R. A. "High Energy & Particle Physics." Europhysics News 18, no. 1 (1987): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epn/19871801001.

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10

Protheroe, R. J., and R. W. Clay. "Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 21, no. 1 (2004): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as03047.

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AbstractCosmic rays with energies above 1018 eV are currently of considerable interest in astrophysics and are to be further studied in a number of projects which are either currently under construction or the subject of well-developed proposals. This paper aims to discuss some of the physics of such particles in terms of current knowledge and information from particle astrophysics at other energies.

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11

Zaslavskii, Oleg B. "New Scenarios of High-Energy Particle Collisions Near Wormholes." Universe 6, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe6120227.

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We suggest two new scenarios of high-energy particle collisions in the background of a wormhole. In scenario 1, the novelty consists of the fact that the effect does not require two particles coming from different mouths. Instead, all such scenarios of high energy collisions develop, when an experimenter sends particles towards a wormhole from the same side of the throat. For static wormholes, this approach leads to indefinitely large energy in the center of mass. For rotating wormholes, it makes possible the super-Penrose process (unbounded energies measured at infinity). In scenario 2, one of colliding particles oscillates near the wormhole throat from the very beginning. In this sense, scenario 2 is intermediate between the standard one and scenario 1 since the particle under discussion does not come from infinity at all.

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12

Aleksandrin, S. Yu, A. M. Galper, L. A. Grishantzeva, S. V. Koldashov, L. V. Maslennikov, A. M. Murashov, P. Picozza, V. Sgrigna, and S. A. Voronov. "High-energy charged particle bursts in the near-Earth space as earthquake precursors." Annales Geophysicae 21, no. 2 (February 28, 2003): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-597-2003.

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Abstract. The experimental data on high-energy charged particle fluxes, obtained in various near-Earth space experiments (MIR orbital station, METEOR-3, GAMMA and SAMPEX satellites) were processed and analyzed with the goal to search for particle bursts. Particle bursts have been selected in every experiment considered. It was shown that the significant part of high-energy charged particle bursts correlates with seismic activity. Moreover, the particle bursts are observed several hours before strong earthquakes; L-shells of particle bursts and corresponding earthquakes are practically the same. Some features of a seismo-magnetosphere connection model, based on the interaction of electromagnetic emission of seismic origin and radiation belt particles, were considered. Key words. Ionospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped; energetic particles, precipitating; magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions)

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13

Petrov, E. V., I. V. Saikov, G. R. Saikova, and V. S. Trofimov. "Properties of the surface layer after high-energy treatment by powder particles." Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya, no. 1 (March 14, 2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-29-35.

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Experiments were conducted on high-energy surface treatment of a structural steel substrate with a flow of tungsten, nickel, and titanium nitride powder particles. The impact pressure of the steel target and particles accelerated by explosion energy was estimated using the momentum conservation equation and the linear equation of the particle material shock adiabat. It was found that the impact pressure of the target and particles is 62 GPa for a tungsten particle, 48 GPa for a nickel particle, and 41 GPa for a titanium nitride particle. The heating temperature of particles during their collision with the steel target surface was calculated taking into account the conditions of mass and momentum conservation at the shock wave front. The maximum heating temperature of particles at the point of their collision with the substrate surface (at a particle velocity of 2000 m/s) is 1103 K for tungsten particles, 755 K for nickel particles, and 589 K for titanium nitride particles. It was shown that the steel target strength increases when it is subjected to high-energy treatment with a flow of particles. The maximum hardening of the steel target surface layer increases by 32–55 % compared to initial microhardness and is observed at a depth of 2–4 mm from the treatment surface. Then it decreases to the value of starting material microhardness (170 HV) at a distance of 15–20 mm from the treated surface.

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14

Bhuiyan, Abdul L. "Uncertainty in energy of a high-energy particle." Physics Essays 25, no. 3 (September 2012): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-25.3.299.

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15

Devenish, R., and B. Foster. "High Energy Physics: Particle physics review." Physics Bulletin 36, no. 11 (November 1985): 452–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9112/36/11/008.

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16

Edwards, D. A., and H. T. Edwards. "Particle Colliders for High Energy Physics." Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 01, no. 01 (January 2008): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179362680800006x.

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The purpose of this article is to outline the development of particle colliders from their inception just over a half-century ago, expand on today's achievements, and remark on the potential of coming years. There are three main sections, entitled "Past," "Present," and "Future." "Past" starts with the electron and electron–positron colliders of the 1950s, continues through the proton rings at CERN, and concludes with LEP. Technology development enters the section Present, "which includes not only the major colliders in both the lepton and baryon worlds, but also recognition of the near-immediate entry of the Large Hadron Collider. "Future" looks at the next potential steps, the most prominent of which is an electron–positron partner to the LHC, but there are other very interesting propositions undergoing exploration that include muon storage and even conceivably departure from reliance on radio frequency acceleration.

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17

Cornell, A. S., and B. Mellado. "High Energy Particle Physics Workshop (HEPPW2015)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 645 (October 15, 2015): 011001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/645/1/011001.

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18

Tazzari, S., and M. Ferrario. "Trends in high energy particle accelerators." Reports on Progress in Physics 66, no. 6 (May 22, 2003): 1045–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/66/6/204.

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19

Gevorgian, L. A., K. A. Ispirian, and R. K. Ispirian. "High energy particle channeling in nanotubes." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 145, no. 1-2 (October 1998): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(98)00327-9.

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20

Schmüser, P. "Superconductivity in high energy particle accelerators." Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 49, no. 1 (January 2002): 155–244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0146-6410(02)00145-x.

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21

Gaisser, Thomas K., Francis Halzen, and Todor Stanev. "Particle astrophysics with high energy neutrinos." Physics Reports 258, no. 3 (July 1995): 173–236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(95)00003-y.

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22

Weekes, T. C. "Particle Astrophysics with High Energy Photons." Physica Scripta T85, no. 1 (2000): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1238/physica.topical.085a00195.

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23

Ong, Rene A., and Corbin E. Covault. "Focus on High Energy Particle Astronomy." New Journal of Physics 11, no. 5 (May 12, 2009): 055003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/11/5/055003.

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24

Blažek, Mikuláš. "Multifractality in High Energy Collisions." Fractals 05, no. 02 (June 1997): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x97000292.

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With increasing energy of nuclear collisions, several statistical distributions of produced particles show changes in shape. This also concerns the scaling indices which characterize multifractality in the observed particle density distributions. In the present contribution, the self-similar processes governing that multifractality are described in more detail. It is shown especially that the corresponding extended fundamental equation reproduces, with very good accuracy, the data resulting from the oxygen beam at 60 and 200 A GeV colliding with the emulsion nuclei. The approximate description of the quantities characterizing scaling properties near the quark-gluon phase transition is discussed too.

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25

Rieger, Erich. "Solar Flares: High-Energy Radiation and Particles." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 104, no. 1 (1989): 323–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100031973.

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AbstractDue to the Sun's proximity flares can be investigated in the gamma-ray regime and flare generated particles can be measured in space and related to particular events. In this review paper we focus on the problem of particle acceleration by using as observational ingredients: the fluxes and spectra of particles inferred from gamma-ray measurements and observed in interplanetary space, the temporal characteristics of flares at high-energy X- and gamma-rays and the distribution of gamma-ray flares over the solar disc.

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26

KALOPER, NEMANJA, and JOHN TERNING. "HOW BLACK HOLES FORM IN HIGH ENERGY COLLISIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 17, no. 03n04 (March 2008): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271808012413.

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We elucidate how black holes form in trans-Planckian collisions. In the rest frame of one of the incident particles, the gravitational field of the other, which is rapidly moving, looks like a gravitational shock wave. The shock wave focuses the target particle down to a much smaller impact parameter. In turn, the gravitational field of the target particle captures the projectile when the resultant impact parameter is smaller than its own Schwarzschild radius, forming a black hole. One can deduce this by referring to the original argument of escape velocities exceeding the speed of light, which Michell and Laplace used to discover the existence of black holes.

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27

Werner, K., A. G. Knospe, C. Markert, B. Guiot, Iu Karpenko, T. Pierog, G. Sophys, M. Stefaniak, M. Bleicher, and J. Steinheimer. "Resonance production in high energy collisions from small to big systems." EPJ Web of Conferences 171 (2018): 09002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817109002.

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The aim of this paper is to understand resonance production (and more generally particle production) for different collision systems, namely proton-proton (pp), proton-nucleus (pA), and nucleus-nucleus (AA) scattering at the LHC. We will investigate in particular particle yields and ratios versus multiplicity, using the same multiplicity definition for the three different systems, in order to analyse in a compact way the evolution of particle production with the system size and the origin of a very different system size dependence of the different particles.

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28

Hong, Hyun Seon, Ui-Seok Chae, Keun Man Park, and Soo-Tae Choo. "Synthesis of Ni-YSZ Cermet for an Electrode of High Temperature Electrolysis by High Energy Ball Milling." Materials Science Forum 486-487 (June 2005): 662–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.662.

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Ni/YSZ composites for a cathode that can be used in high temperature electrolysis were prepared by ball milling of Ni and YSZ powder. Ball milling was performed in a dry process and in ethanol. The microstructure and electrical conductivity of the composites were examined by XRD, SEM, TEM and a 4-point probe. XRD patterns for both the dry and wet ball-milled powders showed that the composites were composed of crystalline Ni and YSZ particles. The patterns did not change with increases in the milling time up to 48 h. Dry-milling slightly increased the average particle size compared to starting Ni particles, but little change in theparticle size was observed with the increase in milling time. On the other hand, the wet-milling reduced the average size and the increasing milling time induced a further decrease in the particle size. After cold-pressing and annealing at 900 oC for 2 h, the dry-milled powder exhibited high stability against Ni sintering so that the particle size changed little, but the particle size increased in the wet-milled powder. The electrical conductivity increased after sintering at 900 oC. Particles from the dry and wet process became denser and contacted closer after sintering, providing better electron migration paths.

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29

Sahoo, Raghunath, Aditya Nath Mishra, Nirbhay K. Behera, and Basanta K. Nandi. "Charged Particle, Photon Multiplicity, and Transverse Energy Production in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions." Advances in High Energy Physics 2015 (2015): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/612390.

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We review the charged particle and photon multiplicities and transverse energy production in heavy-ion collisions starting from few GeV to TeV energies. The experimental results of pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles and photons at different collision energies and centralities are discussed. We also discuss the hypothesis of limiting fragmentation and expansion dynamics using the Landau hydrodynamics and the underlying physics. Meanwhile, we present the estimation of initial energy density multiplied with formation time as a function of different collision energies and centralities. In the end, the transverse energy per charged particle in connection with the chemical freeze-out criteria is discussed. We invoke various models and phenomenological arguments to interpret and characterize the fireball created in heavy-ion collisions. This review overall provides a scope to understand the heavy-ion collision data and a possible formation of a deconfined phase of partons via the global observables like charged particles, photons, and the transverse energy measurement.

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30

GRIB, A. A., YU V. PAVLOV, and O. F. PIATTELLA. "HIGH ENERGY PROCESSES IN THE VICINITY OF THE KERR'S BLACK HOLE HORIZON." International Journal of Modern Physics A 26, no. 22 (September 10, 2011): 3856–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x11054310.

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Two particle collisions close to the horizon of the rotating nonextremal black hole are analyzed. It is shown that high energy of the order of the Grand Unification scale in the centre of mass of colliding particles can be obtained when there is a multiple collision – the particle from the accretion disc gets the critical momentum in first collision with the other particle close to the horizon and then there is a second collision of the critical particle with the ordinary one. High energy occurs due to a great relative velocity of two particles and a large Lorentz factor. The dependence of the relative velocity on the distance to horizon is analyzed, the time of movement from the point in the accretion disc to the point of scattering with large energy as well as the time of back movement to the Earth are calculated. It is shown that they have reasonable order.

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31

GRIB, A. A., YU V. PAVLOV, and O. F. PIATTELLA. "HIGH ENERGY PROCESSES IN THE VICINITY OF THE KERR'S BLACK HOLE HORIZON." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 03 (January 2011): 342–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194511001449.

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Two particle collisions close to the horizon of the rotating nonextremal black hole are analyzed. It is shown that high energy of the order of the Grand Unification scale in the centre of mass of colliding particles can be obtained when there is a multiple collision – the particle from the accretion disc gets the critical momentum in first collision with the other particle close to the horizon and then there is a second collision of the critical particle with the ordinary one. High energy occurs due to a great relative velocity of two particles and a large Lorentz factor. The dependence of the relative velocity on the distance to horizon is analyzed, the time of movement from the point in the accretion disc to the point of scattering with large energy as well as the time of back movement to the Earth are calculated. It is shown that they have reasonable order.

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32

Liu, Fu-Hu, Tian Tian, Jian-Xin Sun, and Bao-Chun Li. "What Can We Learn from (Pseudo)Rapidity Distribution in High Energy Collisions?" Advances in High Energy Physics 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/863863.

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Based on the (pseudo)rapidity distribution of final-state particles produced in proton-proton (pp) collisions at high energy, the probability distributions of momenta, longitudinal momenta, transverse momenta (transverse masses), energies, velocities, longitudinal velocities, transverse velocities, and emission angles of the considered particles are obtained in the framework of a multisource thermal model. The number density distributions of particles in coordinate and momentum spaces and related transverse planes, the particle dispersion plots in longitudinal and transverse coordinate spaces, and the particle dispersion plots in transverse momentum plane at the stage of freeze out in high energyppcollisions are also obtained.

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33

Axford, W. I. "The Origins of High-Energy Cosmic Rays." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 142 (1994): 937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100078349.

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AbstractOur current understanding of acceleration processes for Galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays is briefly reviewed. Shock acceleration in supernova remnants remains the most favored process for cosmic rays up to the “knee” of the all-particle total energy spectrum at 1014 - 1015 eV. The highest energy particles are almost certainly extragalactic, and the most favored sources are associated with active galactic nuclei in one way or another. The intermediate region between rigidities of 1014 and 1018 V is more difficult to understand, although a galactic origin is preferred at present. The problem of making a smooth join in the spectrum at the knee suggests that these particles should not be considered to be independent of those at lower energies.Subject headings: acceleration of particles — cosmic rays — shock waves

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34

Ilyin, A. M., and I. A. Ilyina. "Electrostatic energy analyzers for high energy charged particle beams." Journal of Instrumentation 11, no. 02 (February 15, 2016): P02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/02/p02010.

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35

Tautz, R. C. "Cosmic wave-particle interactions: Astrophysical magnetic turbulence and high-energy particles." Astronomische Nachrichten 335, no. 5 (June 2014): 501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asna.201412057.

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36

MOCIOIU, IRINA. "VERY HIGH ENERGY NEUTRINOS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 30 (December 10, 2005): 7079–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05028843.

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37

BUCCELLA, F., and L. POPOVA. "A STATISTICAL MECHANICS FRAMEWORK FOR MULTIPARTICLE PRODUCTION IN HIGH ENERGY HADRON REACTIONS." Modern Physics Letters A 17, no. 40 (December 28, 2002): 2627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732302009441.

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We deduce the particle distributions in particle collisions with multihadron-production in the framework of mechanical statistics. They are derived as functions of x, [Formula: see text] and the rest mass of different species for a fixed total number of all produced particles, inelasticity and total transverse energy. For PT larger than the mass of each particle, we have [Formula: see text] Values of <PT>π, <PT>K and [Formula: see text] in agreement with experiment are found by taking TH = 180 MeV (the Hagedorn temperature).

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38

Cheng, K. S. "High Energy Radiation from Pulsars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 177 (2000): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100060206.

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AbstractWe propose a three dimensional pulsar magnetosphere model in which the vertical size of the outer gap is first determined by a self-consistent model in which the outer gap is limited by the pair production from collisions of thermal photons produced by polar cap heating of backflow outer gap current and the curvature photons emitted by the gap accelerated charged particles. The transverse size of the outer gap is determined by local pair production condition. In principle, there are two topologically disconnected outer gaps existing in the magnetosphere of a pulsar and both incoming and outgoing particle flows are allowed. And yet double-peak light curves with strong bridges are most common. Using this model and its local properties, we compare the model results with phase-resolved spectra of the Crab pulsar and Geminga.

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39

Supriyono, S., and B. Susilo. "CHARACTERIZATION OF BAMBOO TUTUL CHARCOAL PARTICLE PRODUCED BY HIGH ENERGY BALL MILLING SHAKER TYPE." Media Mesin: Majalah Teknik Mesin 20, no. 1 (April 12, 2019): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/mesin.v20i1.7978.

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The objective of this study is to characterize bamboo tutulcharcoal particles produced by High Energy Ball Milling (HBEM)shaker type.The HEBM process was conducted in the stainless steel vialsfor 2 million cycles at 900 motor RPM. The ball milling diameter was 1/4 inch made from steel.Therefore, perhaps the final particle sizewill be determined byempty space of the vial for the movement of the balls. In this study, the empty space is varied for 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, and 1/5 of vial volume. Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) is used to have the particle sizes and SEM-EDX is used to have surface morphology of the particle. The average final particle sizes are 547.8 nm, 522.9 nm, 422.7 nm, and 739.4 nm for 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, and 1/5 empty space of vial respectively. The surface morphologies of the particles are determined by fracture mechanism as they can be seen on the SEM results. Based on the results, it can be said that there is no correlation between the particle size and the empty space of the vial. As long as there is space for movement of the milling balls, the collision occurs and the reduction of the particle also happens.

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Supriyono, S., and B. Susilo. "CHARACTERIZATION OF BAMBOO TUTUL CHARCOAL PARTICLE PRODUCED BY HIGH ENERGY BALL MILLING SHAKER TYPE." Media Mesin: Majalah Teknik Mesin 20, no. 2 (July 29, 2019): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/mesin.v20i2.8534.

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The objective of this study is to characterize bamboo tutul charcoal particles produced by High Energy Ball Milling (HBEM) shaker type. The HEBM process was conducted in the stainless steel vials for 2 million cycles at 900 motor RPM. The ball milling diameter was 1/4 inch made from steel. Therefore, perhaps the final particle size will be determined by empty space of the vial for the movement of the balls. In this study, the empty space is varied for 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, and 1/5 of vial volume. Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) is used to have the particle sizes and SEM-EDX is used to have surface morphology of the particle. The average final particle sizes are 547.8 nm, 522.9 nm, 422.7 nm, and 739.4 nm for 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, and 1/5 empty space of vial respectively. The surface morphologies of the particles are determined by fracture mechanism as they can be seen on the SEM results. Based on the results, it can be said that there is no correlation between the particle size and the empty space of the vial. As long as there is space for movement of the milling balls, the collision occurs and the reduction of the particle also happens.

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41

Tomasi, Roberto, Adriano A. Rabelo, Adriana S. A. Chinelatto, Laudo Reis, and Walter J. Botta Fo. "Characterization of high-energy milled alumina powders." Cerâmica 44, no. 289 (October 1998): 166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69131998000500003.

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The utilization of reactive high-energy milling has been reported for the synthesis of ceramic powders namely, metal oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides or mixtures of ceramics or ceramic and metal compounds. In this work, high-energy milling was used for reduction of alumina powders to nanometric particle size. The ceramic characteristics of the powders were analyzed in terms of the behavior during deagglomeration, compaction curves, sintering and microstructure characterization. It was observed that the high energy milling has strong effect in producing agglomeration of the nanosized powders. This effect is explained by the high-energy impact of the balls, which may fracture particles or just cause the particles compacting. In this case, strong agglomerates are produced. As the powder surface area increases, stronger agglomerates are produced.

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Durante, M. "New challenges in high-energy particle radiobiology." British Journal of Radiology 87, no. 1035 (March 2014): 20130626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20130626.

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Zaslavskii, O. B. "High energy particle collisions near black holes." EPJ Web of Conferences 125 (2016): 03023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201612503023.

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Vasilenko, O. I. "Horizon formation in high-energy particle collision." Classical and Quantum Gravity 25, no. 17 (August 19, 2008): 175021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/25/17/175021.

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Domokos, G., and S. Kovesi-Domokos. "High-energy neutrino interactions: single-particle theory." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 23, no. 6 (June 1, 1997): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/23/6/006.

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Trischuk, William, M. Artuso, F. Bachmair, L. Bäni, M. Bartosik, V. Bellini, V. Belyaev, et al. "Diamond Particle Detectors for High Energy Physics." Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings 273-275 (April 2016): 1023–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2015.09.160.

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Va’vra, J. "Particle identification methods in high-energy physics." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 453, no. 1-2 (October 2000): 262–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(00)00644-6.

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Niita, Koji, Hiroshi Takada, Shin-ichiro Meigo, and Yujiro Ikeda. "High-energy particle transport code NMTC/JAM." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 184, no. 3 (November 2001): 406–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(01)00784-4.

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Dey, Pranab Kumar. "Power Supplies for High Energy Particle Accelerators." Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 97, no. 2 (May 23, 2015): 253–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40031-015-0188-2.

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